1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
|
git-log(1)
==========
NAME
----
git-log - Show commit logs
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git log' [<options>] [<revision-range>] [[--] <path>...]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Shows the commit logs.
:git-log: 1
include::rev-list-description.txt[]
The command takes options applicable to the linkgit:git-rev-list[1]
command to control what is shown and how, and options applicable to
the linkgit:git-diff[1] command to control how the changes
each commit introduces are shown.
OPTIONS
-------
--follow::
Continue listing the history of a file beyond renames
(works only for a single file).
--no-decorate::
--decorate[=short|full|auto|no]::
Print out the ref names of any commits that are shown. If 'short' is
specified, the ref name prefixes 'refs/heads/', 'refs/tags/' and
'refs/remotes/' will not be printed. If 'full' is specified, the
full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. If 'auto' is
specified, then if the output is going to a terminal, the ref names
are shown as if 'short' were given, otherwise no ref names are
shown. The option `--decorate` is short-hand for `--decorate=short`.
Default to configuration value of `log.decorate` if configured,
otherwise, `auto`.
--decorate-refs=<pattern>::
--decorate-refs-exclude=<pattern>::
For each candidate reference, do not use it for decoration if it
matches any patterns given to `--decorate-refs-exclude` or if it
doesn't match any of the patterns given to `--decorate-refs`. The
`log.excludeDecoration` config option allows excluding refs from
the decorations, but an explicit `--decorate-refs` pattern will
override a match in `log.excludeDecoration`.
+
If none of these options or config settings are given, then references are
used as decoration if they match `HEAD`, `refs/heads/`, `refs/remotes/`,
`refs/stash/`, or `refs/tags/`.
--clear-decorations::
When specified, this option clears all previous `--decorate-refs`
or `--decorate-refs-exclude` options and relaxes the default
decoration filter to include all references. This option is
assumed if the config value `log.initialDecorationSet` is set to
`all`.
--source::
Print out the ref name given on the command line by which each
commit was reached.
--[no-]mailmap::
--[no-]use-mailmap::
Use mailmap file to map author and committer names and email
addresses to canonical real names and email addresses. See
linkgit:git-shortlog[1].
--full-diff::
Without this flag, `git log -p <path>...` shows commits that
touch the specified paths, and diffs about the same specified
paths. With this, the full diff is shown for commits that touch
the specified paths; this means that "<path>..." limits only
commits, and doesn't limit diff for those commits.
+
Note that this affects all diff-based output types, e.g. those
produced by `--stat`, etc.
--log-size::
Include a line ``log size <number>'' in the output for each commit,
where <number> is the length of that commit's message in bytes.
Intended to speed up tools that read log messages from `git log`
output by allowing them to allocate space in advance.
include::line-range-options.txt[]
<revision-range>::
Show only commits in the specified revision range. When no
<revision-range> is specified, it defaults to `HEAD` (i.e. the
whole history leading to the current commit). `origin..HEAD`
specifies all the commits reachable from the current commit
(i.e. `HEAD`), but not from `origin`. For a complete list of
ways to spell <revision-range>, see the 'Specifying Ranges'
section of linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
[--] <path>...::
Show only commits that are enough to explain how the files
that match the specified paths came to be. See 'History
Simplification' below for details and other simplification
modes.
+
Paths may need to be prefixed with `--` to separate them from
options or the revision range, when confusion arises.
include::rev-list-options.txt[]
include::pretty-formats.txt[]
DIFF FORMATTING
---------------
By default, `git log` does not generate any diff output. The options
below can be used to show the changes made by each commit.
Note that unless one of `--diff-merges` variants (including short
`-m`, `-c`, `--cc`, and `--dd` options) is explicitly given, merge commits
will not show a diff, even if a diff format like `--patch` is
selected, nor will they match search options like `-S`. The exception
is when `--first-parent` is in use, in which case `first-parent` is
the default format for merge commits.
:git-log: 1
:diff-merges-default: `off`
include::diff-options.txt[]
include::diff-generate-patch.txt[]
EXAMPLES
--------
`git log --no-merges`::
Show the whole commit history, but skip any merges
`git log v2.6.12.. include/scsi drivers/scsi`::
Show all commits since version 'v2.6.12' that changed any file
in the `include/scsi` or `drivers/scsi` subdirectories
`git log --since="2 weeks ago" -- gitk`::
Show the changes during the last two weeks to the file 'gitk'.
The `--` is necessary to avoid confusion with the *branch* named
'gitk'
`git log --name-status release..test`::
Show the commits that are in the "test" branch but not yet
in the "release" branch, along with the list of paths
each commit modifies.
`git log --follow builtin/rev-list.c`::
Shows the commits that changed `builtin/rev-list.c`, including
those commits that occurred before the file was given its
present name.
`git log --branches --not --remotes=origin`::
Shows all commits that are in any of local branches but not in
any of remote-tracking branches for 'origin' (what you have that
origin doesn't).
`git log master --not --remotes=*/master`::
Shows all commits that are in local master but not in any remote
repository master branches.
`git log -p -m --first-parent`::
Shows the history including change diffs, but only from the
``main branch'' perspective, skipping commits that come from merged
branches, and showing full diffs of changes introduced by the merges.
This makes sense only when following a strict policy of merging all
topic branches when staying on a single integration branch.
`git log -L '/int main/',/^}/:main.c`::
Shows how the function `main()` in the file `main.c` evolved
over time.
`git log -3`::
Limits the number of commits to show to 3.
DISCUSSION
----------
include::i18n.txt[]
CONFIGURATION
-------------
See linkgit:git-config[1] for core variables and linkgit:git-diff[1]
for settings related to diff generation.
format.pretty::
Default for the `--format` option. (See 'Pretty Formats' above.)
Defaults to `medium`.
i18n.logOutputEncoding::
Encoding to use when displaying logs. (See 'Discussion' above.)
Defaults to the value of `i18n.commitEncoding` if set, and UTF-8
otherwise.
include::includes/cmd-config-section-rest.txt[]
include::config/log.txt[]
include::config/notes.txt[]
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
|
