Merge branch 'dl/t5520-cleanup'

Test cleanup.

* dl/t5520-cleanup:
  t5520: replace `! git` with `test_must_fail git`
  t5520: remove redundant lines in test cases
  t5520: replace $(cat ...) comparison with test_cmp
  t5520: don't put git in upstream of pipe
  t5520: test single-line files by git with test_cmp
  t5520: use test_cmp_rev where possible
  t5520: replace test -{n,z} with test-lib functions
  t5520: use test_line_count where possible
  t5520: remove spaces after redirect operator
  t5520: replace test -f with test-lib functions
  t5520: let sed open its own input
  t5520: use sq for test case names
  t5520: improve test style
  t: teach test_cmp_rev to accept ! for not-equals
  t0000: test multiple local assignment

10 files changed, 238 insertions, 159 deletions

diff --git a/t/t0000-basic.sh b/t/t0000-basic.sh
index 7aabde1..a5195a8 100755
--- a/t/t0000-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t0000-basic.sh
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ modification *should* take notice and update the test vectors here.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-try_local_x () {
-	local x="local" &&
-	echo "$x"
+try_local_xy () {
+	local x="local" y="alsolocal" &&
+	echo "$x $y"
 }
 
 # Check whether the shell supports the "local" keyword. "local" is not
@@ -35,11 +35,12 @@ try_local_x () {
 # relying on "local".
 test_expect_success 'verify that the running shell supports "local"' '
 	x="notlocal" &&
-	echo "local" >expected1 &&
-	try_local_x >actual1 &&
+	y="alsonotlocal" &&
+	echo "local alsolocal" >expected1 &&
+	try_local_xy >actual1 &&
 	test_cmp expected1 actual1 &&
-	echo "notlocal" >expected2 &&
-	echo "$x" >actual2 &&
+	echo "notlocal alsonotlocal" >expected2 &&
+	echo "$x $y" >actual2 &&
 	test_cmp expected2 actual2
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t2400-worktree-add.sh b/t/t2400-worktree-add.sh
index 8a98314..b5ece19 100755
--- a/t/t2400-worktree-add.sh
+++ b/t/t2400-worktree-add.sh
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git worktree add does not match remote' '
 		cd foo &&
 		test_must_fail git config "branch.foo.remote" &&
 		test_must_fail git config "branch.foo.merge" &&
-		! test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/repo_a/foo refs/heads/foo
+		test_cmp_rev ! refs/remotes/repo_a/foo refs/heads/foo
 	)
 '
 
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git worktree --no-guess-remote option overrides config' '
 		cd foo &&
 		test_must_fail git config "branch.foo.remote" &&
 		test_must_fail git config "branch.foo.merge" &&
-		! test_cmp_rev refs/remotes/repo_a/foo refs/heads/foo
+		test_cmp_rev ! refs/remotes/repo_a/foo refs/heads/foo
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3400-rebase.sh b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
index ab18ac5..f267f6c 100755
--- a/t/t3400-rebase.sh
+++ b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase sets ORIG_HEAD to pre-rebase state' '
 	pre="$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
 	git rebase master &&
 	test_cmp_rev "$pre" ORIG_HEAD &&
-	! test_cmp_rev "$pre" HEAD
+	test_cmp_rev ! "$pre" HEAD
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase, with <onto> and <upstream> specified as :/quuxery' '
diff --git a/t/t3421-rebase-topology-linear.sh b/t/t3421-rebase-topology-linear.sh
index b847064..325072b 100755
--- a/t/t3421-rebase-topology-linear.sh
+++ b/t/t3421-rebase-topology-linear.sh
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ test_run_rebase () {
 	test_expect_$result "rebase $* -f rewrites even if upstream is an ancestor" "
 		reset_rebase &&
 		git rebase $* -f b e &&
-		! test_cmp_rev e HEAD &&
+		test_cmp_rev ! e HEAD &&
 		test_cmp_rev b HEAD~2 &&
 		test_linear_range 'd e' b..
 	"
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ test_run_rebase () {
 	test_expect_$result "rebase $* -f rewrites even if remote upstream is an ancestor" "
 		reset_rebase &&
 		git rebase $* -f branch-b branch-e &&
-		! test_cmp_rev branch-e origin/branch-e &&
+		test_cmp_rev ! branch-e origin/branch-e &&
 		test_cmp_rev branch-b HEAD~2 &&
 		test_linear_range 'd e' branch-b..
 	"
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ test_run_rebase () {
 	test_expect_$result "rebase $* -f --root on linear history causes re-write" "
 		reset_rebase &&
 		git rebase $* -f --root c &&
-		! test_cmp_rev a HEAD~2 &&
+		test_cmp_rev ! a HEAD~2 &&
 		test_linear_range 'a b c' HEAD
 	"
 }
diff --git a/t/t3430-rebase-merges.sh b/t/t3430-rebase-merges.sh
index 7ab0152..e72ca34 100755
--- a/t/t3430-rebase-merges.sh
+++ b/t/t3430-rebase-merges.sh
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ test_expect_success 'A root commit can be a cousin, treat it that way' '
 	git merge --allow-unrelated-histories khnum &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git rebase -f -r HEAD^ &&
-	! test_cmp_rev HEAD^2 khnum &&
+	test_cmp_rev ! HEAD^2 khnum &&
 	test_cmp_graph HEAD^.. <<-\EOF &&
 	*   Merge branch '\''khnum'\'' into asherah
 	|\
diff --git a/t/t3432-rebase-fast-forward.sh b/t/t3432-rebase-fast-forward.sh
index 034ffc7..92f95b5 100755
--- a/t/t3432-rebase-fast-forward.sh
+++ b/t/t3432-rebase-fast-forward.sh
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ test_rebase_same_head_ () {
 			test_cmp_rev \$oldhead \$newhead
 		elif test $cmp = diff
 		then
-			! test_cmp_rev \$oldhead \$newhead
+			test_cmp_rev ! \$oldhead \$newhead
 		fi
 	"
 }
diff --git a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
index d1c68af..1c51a91 100755
--- a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
+++ b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick on unborn branch' '
 	rm -rf * &&
 	git cherry-pick initial &&
 	git diff --quiet initial &&
-	! test_cmp_rev initial HEAD
+	test_cmp_rev ! initial HEAD
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick "-" to pick from previous branch' '
diff --git a/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh b/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh
index b457333..23070a7 100755
--- a/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh
+++ b/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ test_description='test cherry-picking many commits'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 check_head_differs_from() {
-	! test_cmp_rev HEAD "$1"
+	test_cmp_rev ! HEAD "$1"
 }
 
 check_head_equals() {
diff --git a/t/t5520-pull.sh b/t/t5520-pull.sh
index cf4cc32..602d996 100755
--- a/t/t5520-pull.sh
+++ b/t/t5520-pull.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ test_description='pulling into void'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 modify () {
-	sed -e "$1" <"$2" >"$2.x" &&
+	sed -e "$1" "$2" >"$2.x" &&
 	mv "$2.x" "$2"
 }
 
@@ -15,8 +15,10 @@ test_pull_autostash () {
 	git add new_file &&
 	git pull "$@" . copy &&
 	test_cmp_rev HEAD^ copy &&
-	test "$(cat new_file)" = dirty &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = "modified again"
+	echo dirty >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect new_file &&
+	echo "modified again" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file
 }
 
 test_pull_autostash_fail () {
@@ -39,8 +41,8 @@ test_expect_success 'pulling into void' '
 		cd cloned &&
 		git pull ..
 	) &&
-	test -f file &&
-	test -f cloned/file &&
+	test_path_is_file file &&
+	test_path_is_file cloned/file &&
 	test_cmp file cloned/file
 '
 
@@ -50,8 +52,8 @@ test_expect_success 'pulling into void using master:master' '
 		cd cloned-uho &&
 		git pull .. master:master
 	) &&
-	test -f file &&
-	test -f cloned-uho/file &&
+	test_path_is_file file &&
+	test_path_is_file cloned-uho/file &&
 	test_cmp file cloned-uho/file
 '
 
@@ -99,7 +101,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pulling into void must not create an octopus' '
 	(
 		cd cloned-octopus &&
 		test_must_fail git pull .. master master &&
-		! test -f file
+		test_path_is_missing file
 	)
 '
 
@@ -110,9 +112,11 @@ test_expect_success 'test . as a remote' '
 	echo updated >file &&
 	git commit -a -m updated &&
 	git checkout copy &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	git pull &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = updated &&
+	echo updated >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	git reflog -1 >reflog.actual &&
 	sed "s/^[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*/OBJID/" reflog.actual >reflog.fuzzy &&
 	echo "OBJID HEAD@{0}: pull: Fast-forward" >reflog.expected &&
@@ -125,9 +129,11 @@ test_expect_success 'the default remote . should not break explicit pull' '
 	git commit -a -m modified &&
 	git checkout copy &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	git pull . second &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = modified &&
+	echo modified >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	git reflog -1 >reflog.actual &&
 	sed "s/^[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]*/OBJID/" reflog.actual >reflog.fuzzy &&
 	echo "OBJID HEAD@{0}: pull . second: Fast-forward" >reflog.expected &&
@@ -137,10 +143,11 @@ test_expect_success 'the default remote . should not break explicit pull' '
 test_expect_success 'fail if wildcard spec does not match any refs' '
 	git checkout -b test copy^ &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D test" &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	test_must_fail git pull . "refs/nonexisting1/*:refs/nonexisting2/*" 2>err &&
 	test_i18ngrep "no candidates for merging" err &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file
+	test_cmp expect file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fail if no branches specified with non-default remote' '
@@ -148,11 +155,12 @@ test_expect_success 'fail if no branches specified with non-default remote' '
 	test_when_finished "git remote remove test_remote" &&
 	git checkout -b test copy^ &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D test" &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	test_config branch.test.remote origin &&
 	test_must_fail git pull test_remote 2>err &&
 	test_i18ngrep "specify a branch on the command line" err &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file
+	test_cmp expect file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fail if not on a branch' '
@@ -160,10 +168,11 @@ test_expect_success 'fail if not on a branch' '
 	test_when_finished "git remote remove origin" &&
 	git checkout HEAD^ &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy" &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	test_must_fail git pull 2>err &&
 	test_i18ngrep "not currently on a branch" err &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file
+	test_cmp expect file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fail if no configuration for current branch' '
@@ -172,10 +181,11 @@ test_expect_success 'fail if no configuration for current branch' '
 	git checkout -b test copy^ &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D test" &&
 	test_config branch.test.remote test_remote &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	test_must_fail git pull 2>err &&
 	test_i18ngrep "no tracking information" err &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file
+	test_cmp expect file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull --all: fail if no configuration for current branch' '
@@ -184,10 +194,11 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --all: fail if no configuration for current branch' '
 	git checkout -b test copy^ &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D test" &&
 	test_config branch.test.remote test_remote &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	test_must_fail git pull --all 2>err &&
 	test_i18ngrep "There is no tracking information" err &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file
+	test_cmp expect file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fail if upstream branch does not exist' '
@@ -195,26 +206,31 @@ test_expect_success 'fail if upstream branch does not exist' '
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D test" &&
 	test_config branch.test.remote . &&
 	test_config branch.test.merge refs/heads/nonexisting &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	test_must_fail git pull 2>err &&
 	test_i18ngrep "no such ref was fetched" err &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file
+	test_cmp expect file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fail if the index has unresolved entries' '
 	git checkout -b third second^ &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D third" &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	test_commit modified2 file &&
-	test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+	git ls-files -u >unmerged &&
+	test_must_be_empty unmerged &&
 	test_must_fail git pull . second &&
-	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+	git ls-files -u >unmerged &&
+	test_file_not_empty unmerged &&
 	cp file expected &&
 	test_must_fail git pull . second 2>err &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Pulling is not possible because you have unmerged files." err &&
 	test_cmp expected file &&
 	git add file &&
-	test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+	git ls-files -u >unmerged &&
+	test_must_be_empty unmerged &&
 	test_must_fail git pull . second 2>err &&
 	test_i18ngrep "You have not concluded your merge" err &&
 	test_cmp expected file
@@ -223,36 +239,42 @@ test_expect_success 'fail if the index has unresolved entries' '
 test_expect_success 'fast-forwards working tree if branch head is updated' '
 	git checkout -b third second^ &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D third" &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	git pull . second:third 2>err &&
 	test_i18ngrep "fetch updated the current branch head" err &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = modified &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse third)" = "$(git rev-parse second)"
+	echo modified >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
+	test_cmp_rev third second
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fast-forward fails with conflicting work tree' '
 	git checkout -b third second^ &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout -f copy && git branch -D third" &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
 	echo conflict >file &&
 	test_must_fail git pull . second:third 2>err &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Cannot fast-forward your working tree" err &&
-	test "$(cat file)" = conflict &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse third)" = "$(git rev-parse second)"
+	echo conflict >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
+	test_cmp_rev third second
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase' '
 	git branch to-rebase &&
-	echo modified again > file &&
+	echo modified again >file &&
 	git commit -m file file &&
 	git checkout to-rebase &&
-	echo new > file2 &&
+	echo new >file2 &&
 	git add file2 &&
 	git commit -m "new file" &&
 	git tag before-rebase &&
 	git pull --rebase . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^ copy &&
+	echo new >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase fast forward' '
@@ -263,7 +285,7 @@ test_expect_success '--rebase fast forward' '
 
 	git checkout to-rebase &&
 	git pull --rebase . ff &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse ff)" &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD ff &&
 
 	# The above only validates the result.  Did we actually bypass rebase?
 	git reflog -1 >reflog.actual &&
@@ -287,7 +309,7 @@ test_expect_success '--rebase --autostash fast forward' '
 	git checkout behind &&
 	echo dirty >file &&
 	git pull --rebase --autostash . to-rebase-ff &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse to-rebase-ff)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD to-rebase-ff
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase with conflicts shows advice' '
@@ -325,9 +347,11 @@ test_expect_success 'failed --rebase shows advice' '
 test_expect_success '--rebase fails with multiple branches' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
 	test_must_fail git pull --rebase . copy master 2>err &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$(git rev-parse before-rebase)" &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD before-rebase &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches" err &&
-	test modified = "$(git show HEAD:file)"
+	echo modified >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull --rebase succeeds with dirty working directory and rebase.autostash set' '
@@ -377,8 +401,10 @@ test_expect_success 'pull.rebase' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^ copy &&
+	echo new >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull --autostash & pull.rebase=true' '
@@ -395,8 +421,10 @@ test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
 	test_config branch.to-rebase.rebase true &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^ copy &&
+	echo new >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase should override pull.rebase' '
@@ -404,23 +432,29 @@ test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase should override pull.rebase' '
 	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	test_config branch.to-rebase.rebase false &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" != "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)"
+	test_cmp_rev ! HEAD^ copy &&
+	echo new >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success "pull --rebase warns on --verify-signatures" '
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase warns on --verify-signatures' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
 	git pull --rebase --verify-signatures . copy 2>err &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)" &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^ copy &&
+	echo new >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_i18ngrep "ignoring --verify-signatures for rebase" err
 '
 
-test_expect_success "pull --rebase does not warn on --no-verify-signatures" '
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase does not warn on --no-verify-signatures' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
 	git pull --rebase --no-verify-signatures . copy 2>err &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test new = "$(git show HEAD:file2)" &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^ copy &&
+	echo new >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_i18ngrep ! "verify-signatures" err
 '
 
@@ -440,25 +474,31 @@ test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=false create a new merge commit' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase false &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" = "$(git rev-parse before-preserve-rebase)" &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^1 before-preserve-rebase &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^2 copy &&
+	echo file3 >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file3.t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=true flattens keep-merge' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^^ copy &&
+	echo file3 >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file3.t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=1 is treated as true and flattens keep-merge' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase 1 &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^^ copy &&
+	echo file3 >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file3.t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success REBASE_P \
@@ -466,8 +506,8 @@ test_expect_success REBASE_P \
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase preserve &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse keep-merge)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^^ copy &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^2 keep-merge
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=interactive' '
@@ -478,7 +518,8 @@ test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=interactive' '
 	test_set_editor "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/fake-editor" &&
 	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
 	test_must_fail git pull --rebase=interactive . copy &&
-	test "I was here" = "$(cat fake.out)"
+	echo "I was here" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect fake.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull --rebase=i' '
@@ -489,30 +530,35 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --rebase=i' '
 	test_set_editor "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/fake-editor" &&
 	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
 	test_must_fail git pull --rebase=i . copy &&
-	test "I was here, too" = "$(cat fake.out)"
+	echo "I was here, too" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect fake.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull.rebase=invalid fails' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase invalid &&
-	! git pull . copy
+	test_must_fail git pull . copy
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase=false create a new merge commit' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	git pull --rebase=false . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" = "$(git rev-parse before-preserve-rebase)" &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^1 before-preserve-rebase &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^2 copy &&
+	echo file3 >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file3.t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase=true rebases and flattens keep-merge' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase preserve &&
 	git pull --rebase=true . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^^ copy &&
+	echo file3 >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file3.t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success REBASE_P \
@@ -520,58 +566,62 @@ test_expect_success REBASE_P \
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	git pull --rebase=preserve . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse keep-merge)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^^ copy &&
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^2 keep-merge
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase=invalid fails' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
-	! git pull --rebase=invalid . copy
+	test_must_fail git pull --rebase=invalid . copy
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase overrides pull.rebase=preserve and flattens keep-merge' '
 	git reset --hard before-preserve-rebase &&
 	test_config pull.rebase preserve &&
 	git pull --rebase . copy &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^^)" = "$(git rev-parse copy)" &&
-	test file3 = "$(git show HEAD:file3.t)"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD^^ copy &&
+	echo file3 >expect &&
+	git show HEAD:file3.t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased upstream' '
-
 	git remote add -f me . &&
 	git checkout copy &&
 	git tag copy-orig &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
-	echo conflicting modification > file &&
+	echo conflicting modification >file &&
 	git commit -m conflict file &&
 	git checkout to-rebase &&
-	echo file > file2 &&
+	echo file >file2 &&
 	git commit -m to-rebase file2 &&
 	git tag to-rebase-orig &&
 	git pull --rebase me copy &&
-	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
-	test file = "$(cat file2)"
-
+	echo "conflicting modification" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file2
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase -f with rebased upstream' '
 	test_when_finished "test_might_fail git rebase --abort" &&
 	git reset --hard to-rebase-orig &&
 	git pull --rebase -f me copy &&
-	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
-	test file = "$(cat file2)"
+	echo "conflicting modification" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file2
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased default upstream' '
-
 	git update-ref refs/remotes/me/copy copy-orig &&
 	git checkout --track -b to-rebase2 me/copy &&
 	git reset --hard to-rebase-orig &&
 	git pull --rebase &&
-	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
-	test file = "$(cat file2)"
-
+	echo "conflicting modification" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebased upstream + fetch + pull --rebase' '
@@ -582,13 +632,14 @@ test_expect_success 'rebased upstream + fetch + pull --rebase' '
 	git reset --hard to-rebase-orig &&
 	git fetch &&
 	git pull --rebase &&
-	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
-	test file = "$(cat file2)"
+	echo "conflicting modification" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file2
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull --rebase dies early with dirty working directory' '
-
 	git checkout to-rebase &&
 	git update-ref refs/remotes/me/copy copy^ &&
 	COPY="$(git rev-parse --verify me/copy)" &&
@@ -596,23 +647,23 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --rebase dies early with dirty working directory' '
 	test_config branch.to-rebase.remote me &&
 	test_config branch.to-rebase.merge refs/heads/copy &&
 	test_config branch.to-rebase.rebase true &&
-	echo dirty >> file &&
+	echo dirty >>file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_must_fail git pull &&
-	test "$COPY" = "$(git rev-parse --verify me/copy)" &&
+	test_cmp_rev "$COPY" me/copy &&
 	git checkout HEAD -- file &&
 	git pull &&
-	test "$COPY" != "$(git rev-parse --verify me/copy)"
-
+	test_cmp_rev ! "$COPY" me/copy
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pull --rebase works on branch yet to be born' '
 	git rev-parse master >expect &&
 	mkdir empty_repo &&
-	(cd empty_repo &&
-	 git init &&
-	 git pull --rebase .. master &&
-	 git rev-parse HEAD >../actual
+	(
+		cd empty_repo &&
+		git init &&
+		git pull --rebase .. master &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD >../actual
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
@@ -624,10 +675,14 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --rebase fails on unborn branch with staged changes' '
 		cd empty_repo2 &&
 		echo staged-file >staged-file &&
 		git add staged-file &&
-		test "$(git ls-files)" = staged-file &&
+		echo staged-file >expect &&
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
 		test_must_fail git pull --rebase .. master 2>err &&
-		test "$(git ls-files)" = staged-file &&
-		test "$(git show :staged-file)" = staged-file &&
+		git ls-files >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		git show :staged-file >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
 		test_i18ngrep "unborn branch with changes added to the index" err
 	)
 '
@@ -638,7 +693,8 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --rebase fails on corrupt HEAD' '
 	(
 		cd corrupt &&
 		test_commit one &&
-		obj=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD | sed "s#^..#&/#") &&
+		git rev-parse --verify HEAD >head &&
+		obj=$(sed "s#^..#&/#" head) &&
 		rm -f .git/objects/$obj &&
 		test_must_fail git pull --rebase
 	)
@@ -646,66 +702,77 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --rebase fails on corrupt HEAD' '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup for detecting upstreamed changes' '
 	mkdir src &&
-	(cd src &&
-	 git init &&
-	 printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n10\n" > stuff &&
-	 git add stuff &&
-	 git commit -m "Initial revision"
+	(
+		cd src &&
+		git init &&
+		printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n10\n" > stuff &&
+		git add stuff &&
+		git commit -m "Initial revision"
 	) &&
 	git clone src dst &&
-	(cd src &&
-	 modify s/5/43/ stuff &&
-	 git commit -a -m "5->43" &&
-	 modify s/6/42/ stuff &&
-	 git commit -a -m "Make it bigger"
+	(
+		cd src &&
+		modify s/5/43/ stuff &&
+		git commit -a -m "5->43" &&
+		modify s/6/42/ stuff &&
+		git commit -a -m "Make it bigger"
 	) &&
-	(cd dst &&
-	 modify s/5/43/ stuff &&
-	 git commit -a -m "Independent discovery of 5->43"
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		modify s/5/43/ stuff &&
+		git commit -a -m "Independent discovery of 5->43"
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git pull --rebase detects upstreamed changes' '
-	(cd dst &&
-	 git pull --rebase &&
-	 test -z "$(git ls-files -u)"
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		git pull --rebase &&
+		git ls-files -u >untracked &&
+		test_must_be_empty untracked
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup for avoiding reapplying old patches' '
-	(cd dst &&
-	 test_might_fail git rebase --abort &&
-	 git reset --hard origin/master
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		test_might_fail git rebase --abort &&
+		git reset --hard origin/master
 	) &&
 	git clone --bare src src-replace.git &&
 	rm -rf src &&
 	mv src-replace.git src &&
-	(cd dst &&
-	 modify s/2/22/ stuff &&
-	 git commit -a -m "Change 2" &&
-	 modify s/3/33/ stuff &&
-	 git commit -a -m "Change 3" &&
-	 modify s/4/44/ stuff &&
-	 git commit -a -m "Change 4" &&
-	 git push &&
-
-	 modify s/44/55/ stuff &&
-	 git commit --amend -a -m "Modified Change 4"
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		modify s/2/22/ stuff &&
+		git commit -a -m "Change 2" &&
+		modify s/3/33/ stuff &&
+		git commit -a -m "Change 3" &&
+		modify s/4/44/ stuff &&
+		git commit -a -m "Change 4" &&
+		git push &&
+
+		modify s/44/55/ stuff &&
+		git commit --amend -a -m "Modified Change 4"
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git pull --rebase does not reapply old patches' '
-	(cd dst &&
-	 test_must_fail git pull --rebase &&
-	 test 1 = $(find .git/rebase-apply -name "000*" | wc -l)
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		test_must_fail git pull --rebase &&
+		find .git/rebase-apply -name "000*" >patches &&
+		test_line_count = 1 patches
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git pull --rebase against local branch' '
 	git checkout -b copy2 to-rebase-orig &&
 	git pull --rebase . to-rebase &&
-	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
-	test file = "$(cat file2)"
+	echo "conflicting modification" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file2
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/test-lib-functions.sh b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
index b299ecc..efcd96f 100644
--- a/t/test-lib-functions.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
@@ -1012,19 +1012,30 @@ test_must_be_empty () {
 	fi
 }
 
-# Tests that its two parameters refer to the same revision
+# Tests that its two parameters refer to the same revision, or if '!' is
+# provided first, that its other two parameters refer to different
+# revisions.
 test_cmp_rev () {
+	local op='=' wrong_result=different
+
+	if test $# -ge 1 && test "x$1" = 'x!'
+	then
+	    op='!='
+	    wrong_result='the same'
+	    shift
+	fi
 	if test $# != 2
 	then
 		error "bug in the test script: test_cmp_rev requires two revisions, but got $#"
 	else
 		local r1 r2
 		r1=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1") &&
-		r2=$(git rev-parse --verify "$2") &&
-		if test "$r1" != "$r2"
+		r2=$(git rev-parse --verify "$2") || return 1
+
+		if ! test "$r1" "$op" "$r2"
 		then
 			cat >&4 <<-EOF
-			error: two revisions point to different objects:
+			error: two revisions point to $wrong_result objects:
 			  '$1': $r1
 			  '$2': $r2
 			EOF