diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
58 files changed, 1535 insertions, 449 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines index 0e27b53..b20b2f9 100644 --- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines +++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines @@ -26,6 +26,13 @@ code. For Git in general, a few rough rules are: go and fix it up." Cf. http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1001.3/01069.html + - Log messages to explain your changes are as important as the + changes themselves. Clearly written code and in-code comments + explain how the code works and what is assumed from the surrounding + context. The log messages explain what the changes wanted to + achieve and why the changes were necessary (more on this in the + accompanying SubmittingPatches document). + Make your code readable and sensible, and don't try to be clever. As for more concrete guidelines, just imitate the existing code @@ -210,6 +217,9 @@ For C programs: . since mid 2017 with 512f41cf, we have been using designated initializers for array (e.g. "int array[10] = { [5] = 2 }"). + . since early 2021 with 765dc168882, we have been using variadic + macros, mostly for printf-like trace and debug macros. + These used to be forbidden, but we have not heard any breakage report, and they are assumed to be safe. @@ -217,7 +227,10 @@ For C programs: the first statement (i.e. -Wdeclaration-after-statement). - Declaring a variable in the for loop "for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)" - is still not allowed in this codebase. + is still not allowed in this codebase. We are in the process of + allowing it by waiting to see that 44ba10d6 (revision: use C99 + declaration of variable in for() loop, 2021-11-14) does not get + complaints. Let's revisit this around November 2022. - NULL pointers shall be written as NULL, not as 0. diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile index ed656db..44c080e 100644 --- a/Documentation/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/Makefile @@ -1,3 +1,6 @@ +# Import tree-wide shared Makefile behavior and libraries +include ../shared.mak + # Guard against environment variables MAN1_TXT = MAN5_TXT = @@ -215,38 +218,6 @@ DEFAULT_EDITOR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DEFAULT_EDITOR)) ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a 'git-default-editor=$(DEFAULT_EDITOR_SQ)' endif -QUIET_SUBDIR0 = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir -QUIET_SUBDIR1 = - -ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),w),w) -PRINT_DIR = --no-print-directory -else # "make -w" -NO_SUBDIR = : -endif - -ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),s),s) -ifndef V - QUIET = @ - QUIET_ASCIIDOC = @echo ' ' ASCIIDOC $@; - QUIET_XMLTO = @echo ' ' XMLTO $@; - QUIET_DB2TEXI = @echo ' ' DB2TEXI $@; - QUIET_MAKEINFO = @echo ' ' MAKEINFO $@; - QUIET_DBLATEX = @echo ' ' DBLATEX $@; - QUIET_XSLTPROC = @echo ' ' XSLTPROC $@; - QUIET_GEN = @echo ' ' GEN $@; - QUIET_STDERR = 2> /dev/null - QUIET_SUBDIR0 = +@subdir= - QUIET_SUBDIR1 = ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo ' ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \ - $(MAKE) $(PRINT_DIR) -C $$subdir - - QUIET_LINT_GITLINK = @echo ' ' LINT GITLINK $<; - QUIET_LINT_MANSEC = @echo ' ' LINT MAN SEC $<; - QUIET_LINT_MANEND = @echo ' ' LINT MAN END $<; - - export V -endif -endif - all: html man html: $(DOC_HTML) @@ -419,7 +390,7 @@ gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl texi.xsl $(RM) $@+ gitman.info: gitman.texi - $(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split --no-validate $*.texi + $(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split --no-validate $< $(patsubst %.txt,%.texi,$(MAN_TXT)): %.texi : %.xml $(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@ @@ -463,25 +434,11 @@ quick-install-html: require-htmlrepo print-man1: @for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done -## Lint: Common -.build: - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ -.build/lint-docs: | .build - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ - ## Lint: gitlink -.build/lint-docs/gitlink: | .build/lint-docs - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ -.build/lint-docs/gitlink/howto: | .build/lint-docs/gitlink - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ -.build/lint-docs/gitlink/config: | .build/lint-docs/gitlink - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ LINT_DOCS_GITLINK = $(patsubst %.txt,.build/lint-docs/gitlink/%.ok,$(HOWTO_TXT) $(DOC_DEP_TXT)) -$(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): | .build/lint-docs/gitlink -$(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): | .build/lint-docs/gitlink/howto -$(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): | .build/lint-docs/gitlink/config $(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): lint-gitlink.perl $(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): .build/lint-docs/gitlink/%.ok: %.txt + $(call mkdir_p_parent_template) $(QUIET_LINT_GITLINK)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl \ $< \ $(HOWTO_TXT) $(DOC_DEP_TXT) \ @@ -492,23 +449,18 @@ $(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): .build/lint-docs/gitlink/%.ok: %.txt lint-docs-gitlink: $(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK) ## Lint: man-end-blurb -.build/lint-docs/man-end-blurb: | .build/lint-docs - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB = $(patsubst %.txt,.build/lint-docs/man-end-blurb/%.ok,$(MAN_TXT)) -$(LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB): | .build/lint-docs/man-end-blurb $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB): lint-man-end-blurb.perl $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB): .build/lint-docs/man-end-blurb/%.ok: %.txt + $(call mkdir_p_parent_template) $(QUIET_LINT_MANEND)$(PERL_PATH) lint-man-end-blurb.perl $< >$@ .PHONY: lint-docs-man-end-blurb -lint-docs-man-end-blurb: $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB) ## Lint: man-section-order -.build/lint-docs/man-section-order: | .build/lint-docs - $(QUIET)mkdir $@ LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER = $(patsubst %.txt,.build/lint-docs/man-section-order/%.ok,$(MAN_TXT)) -$(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER): | .build/lint-docs/man-section-order $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER): lint-man-section-order.perl $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER): .build/lint-docs/man-section-order/%.ok: %.txt + $(call mkdir_p_parent_template) $(QUIET_LINT_MANSEC)$(PERL_PATH) lint-man-section-order.perl $< >$@ .PHONY: lint-docs-man-section-order lint-docs-man-section-order: $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER) @@ -524,7 +476,4 @@ doc-l10n install-l10n:: $(MAKE) -C po $@ endif -# Delete the target file on error -.DELETE_ON_ERROR: - .PHONY: FORCE diff --git a/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt b/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt index ca26794..8d9e855 100644 --- a/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt +++ b/Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt @@ -522,24 +522,25 @@ function shows that the all-object walk is being performed by `traverse_commit_list()` or `traverse_commit_list_filtered()`. Those two functions reside in `list-objects.c`; examining the source shows that, despite the name, these functions traverse all kinds of objects. Let's have a look at -the arguments to `traverse_commit_list_filtered()`, which are a superset of the -arguments to the unfiltered version. +the arguments to `traverse_commit_list()`. -- `struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options`: This is a struct which - stores a filter-spec as outlined in `Documentation/rev-list-options.txt`. -- `struct rev_info *revs`: This is the `rev_info` used for the walk. +- `struct rev_info *revs`: This is the `rev_info` used for the walk. If + its `filter` member is not `NULL`, then `filter` contains information for + how to filter the object list. - `show_commit_fn show_commit`: A callback which will be used to handle each individual commit object. - `show_object_fn show_object`: A callback which will be used to handle each non-commit object (so each blob, tree, or tag). - `void *show_data`: A context buffer which is passed in turn to `show_commit` and `show_object`. + +In addition, `traverse_commit_list_filtered()` has an additional paramter: + - `struct oidset *omitted`: A linked-list of object IDs which the provided filter caused to be omitted. -It looks like this `traverse_commit_list_filtered()` uses callbacks we provide -instead of needing us to call it repeatedly ourselves. Cool! Let's add the -callbacks first. +It looks like these methods use callbacks we provide instead of needing us +to call it repeatedly ourselves. Cool! Let's add the callbacks first. For the sake of this tutorial, we'll simply keep track of how many of each kind of object we find. At file scope in `builtin/walken.c` add the following @@ -712,20 +713,9 @@ help understand. In our case, that means we omit trees and blobs not directly referenced by `HEAD` or `HEAD`'s history, because we begin the walk with only `HEAD` in the `pending` list.) -First, we'll need to `#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"` and set up the -`struct list_objects_filter_options` at the top of the function. - ----- -static void walken_object_walk(struct rev_info *rev) -{ - struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options = { 0 }; - - ... ----- - For now, we are not going to track the omitted objects, so we'll replace those parameters with `NULL`. For the sake of simplicity, we'll add a simple -build-time branch to use our filter or not. Replace the line calling +build-time branch to use our filter or not. Preface the line calling `traverse_commit_list()` with the following, which will remind us which kind of walk we've just performed: @@ -733,19 +723,17 @@ walk we've just performed: if (0) { /* Unfiltered: */ trace_printf(_("Unfiltered object walk.\n")); - traverse_commit_list(rev, walken_show_commit, - walken_show_object, NULL); } else { trace_printf( _("Filtered object walk with filterspec 'tree:1'.\n")); - parse_list_objects_filter(&filter_options, "tree:1"); - - traverse_commit_list_filtered(&filter_options, rev, - walken_show_commit, walken_show_object, NULL, NULL); + CALLOC_ARRAY(rev->filter, 1); + parse_list_objects_filter(rev->filter, "tree:1"); } + traverse_commit_list(rev, walken_show_commit, + walken_show_object, NULL); ---- -`struct list_objects_filter_options` is usually built directly from a command +The `rev->filter` member is usually built directly from a command line argument, so the module provides an easy way to build one from a string. Even though we aren't taking user input right now, we can still build one with a hardcoded string using `parse_list_objects_filter()`. @@ -784,7 +772,7 @@ object: ---- ... - traverse_commit_list_filtered(&filter_options, rev, + traverse_commit_list_filtered(rev, walken_show_commit, walken_show_object, NULL, &omitted); ... diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.1.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..726ba25 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +Git v2.35.1 Release Notes +========================= + +Git 2.35 shipped with a regression that broke use of "rebase" and +"stash" in a secondary worktree. This maintenance release ought to +fix it. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8da5b2e --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,430 @@ +Git 2.36 Release Notes +====================== + +Updates since Git 2.35 +---------------------- + +Backward compatibility warts + + * "git name-rev --stdin" has been deprecated and issues a warning + when used; use "git name-rev --annotate-stdin" instead. + + * "git clone --filter=... --recurse-submodules" only makes the + top-level a partial clone, while submodules are fully cloned. This + behaviour is changed to pass the same filter down to the submodules. + + +Note to those who build from the source + + * Since Git 2.31, our source assumed that the compiler you use to + build Git supports variadic macros, with an easy-to-use escape + hatch to allow compilation without variadic macros with an request + to report that you had to use the escape hatch to the list. + Because we haven't heard from anybody who actually needed to use + the escape hatch, it has been removed, making support of variadic + macros a hard requirement. + + +UI, Workflows & Features + + * Assorted updates to "git cat-file", especially "-h". + + * The command line completion (in contrib/) learns to complete + arguments to give to "git sparse-checkout" command. + + * "git log --remerge-diff" shows the difference from mechanical merge + result and the result that is actually recorded in a merge commit. + + * "git log" and friends learned an option --exclude-first-parent-only + to propagate UNINTERESTING bit down only along the first-parent + chain, just like --first-parent option shows commits that lack the + UNINTERESTING bit only along the first-parent chain. + + * The command line completion script (in contrib/) learned to + complete all Git subcommands, including the ones that are normally + hidden, when GIT_COMPLETION_SHOW_ALL_COMMANDS is used. + + * "git branch" learned the "--recurse-submodules" option. + + * A not-so-common mistake is to write a script to feed "git bisect + run" without making it executable, in which case all tests will + exit with 126 or 127 error codes, even on revisions that are marked + as good. Try to recognize this situation and stop iteration early. + + * When "index-pack" dies due to incoming data exceeding the maximum + allowed input size, include the value of the limit in the error + message. + + * The error message given by "git switch HEAD~4" has been clarified + to suggest the "--detach" option that is required. + + * In sparse-checkouts, files mis-marked as missing from the working tree + could lead to later problems. Such files were hard to discover, and + harder to correct. Automatically detecting and correcting the marking + of such files has been added to avoid these problems. + + * "git cat-file" learns "--batch-command" mode, which is a more + flexible interface than the existing "--batch" or "--batch-check" + modes, to allow different kinds of inquiries made. + + * The level of verbose output from the ort backend during inner merge + has been aligned to that of the recursive backend. + + * "git remote rename A B", depending on the number of remote-tracking + refs involved, takes long time renaming them. The command has been + taught to show progress bar while making the user wait. + + * Bundle file format gets extended to allow a partial bundle, + filtered by similar criteria you would give when making a + partial/lazy clone. + + * A new built-in userdiff driver for kotlin has been added. + + * "git repack" learned a new configuration to disable triggering of + age-old "update-server-info" command, which is rarely useful these + days. + + * "git stash" does not allow subcommands it internally runs as its + implementation detail, except for "git reset", to emit messages; + now "git reset" part has also been squelched. + + * "git ls-tree" learns "--oid-only" option, similar to "--name-only", + and more generalized "--format" option. + + * "git fetch --refetch" learned to fetch everything without telling + the other side what we already have, which is useful when you + cannot trust what you have in the local object store. + + * "git branch" gives hint when branch tracking cannot be established + because fetch refspecs from multiple remote repositories overlap. + + * "git worktree list --porcelain" did not c-quote pathnames and lock + reasons with unsafe bytes correctly, which is worked around by + introducing NUL terminated output format with "-z". + + +Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. + + * "git apply" (ab)used the util pointer of the string-list to keep + track of how each symbolic link needs to be handled, which has been + simplified by using strset. + + * Fix a hand-rolled alloca() imitation that may have violated + alignment requirement of data being sorted in compatibility + implementation of qsort_s() and stable qsort(). + + * Use the parse-options API in "git reflog" command. + + * The conditional inclusion mechanism of configuration files using + "[includeIf <condition>]" learns to base its decision on the + URL of the remote repository the repository interacts with. + (merge 399b198489 jt/conditional-config-on-remote-url later to maint). + + * "git name-rev --stdin" does not behave like usual "--stdin" at + all. Start the process of renaming it to "--annotate-stdin". + (merge a2585719b3 jc/name-rev-stdin later to maint). + + * "git update-index", "git checkout-index", and "git clean" are + taught to work better with the sparse checkout feature. + + * Use an internal call to reset_head() helper function instead of + spawning "git checkout" in "rebase", and update code paths that are + involved in the change. + + * Messages "ort" merge backend prepares while dealing with conflicted + paths were unnecessarily confusing since it did not differentiate + inner merges and outer merges. + + * Small modernization of the rerere-train script (in contrib/). + + * Use designated initializers we started using in mid 2017 in more + parts of the codebase that are relatively quiescent. + + * Improve failure case behaviour of xdiff library when memory + allocation fails. + + * General clean-up in reftable implementation, including + clarification of the API documentation, tightening the code to + honor documented length limit, etc. + + * Remove the escape hatch we added when we introduced the weather + balloon to use variadic macros unconditionally, to make it official + that we now have a hard dependency on the feature. + + * Makefile refactoring with a bit of suffixes rule stripping to + optimize the runtime overhead. + + * "git stash drop" is reimplemented as an internal call to + reflog_delete() function, instead of invoking "git reflog delete" + via run_command() API. + + * Count string_list items in size_t, not "unsigned int". + + * The single-key interactive operation used by "git add -p" has been + made more robust. + + * Remove unneeded <meta http-equiv=content-type...> from gitweb + output. + + * "git name-rev" learned to use the generation numbers when setting + the lower bound of searching commits used to explain the revision, + when available, instead of committer time. + + * Replace core.fsyncObjectFiles with two new configuration variables, + core.fsync and core.fsyncMethod. + + * Updates to refs traditionally weren't fsync'ed, but we can + configure using core.fsync variable to do so. + + * "git reflog" command now uses parse-options API to parse its + command line options. + + +Fixes since v2.35 +----------------- + + * "rebase" and "stash" in secondary worktrees are broken in + Git 2.35.0, which has been corrected. + + * "git pull --rebase" ignored the rebase.autostash configuration + variable when the remote history is a descendant of our history, + which has been corrected. + (merge 3013d98d7a pb/pull-rebase-autostash-fix later to maint). + + * "git update-index --refresh" has been taught to deal better with + racy timestamps (just like "git status" already does). + (merge 2ede073fd2 ms/update-index-racy later to maint). + + * Avoid tests that are run under GIT_TRACE2 set from failing + unnecessarily. + (merge 944d808e42 js/test-unset-trace2-parents later to maint). + + * The merge-ort misbehaved when merge.renameLimit configuration is + set too low and failed to find all renames. + (merge 9ae39fef7f en/merge-ort-restart-optim-fix later to maint). + + * We explain that revs come first before the pathspec among command + line arguments, but did not spell out that dashed options come + before other args, which has been corrected. + (merge c11f95010c tl/doc-cli-options-first later to maint). + + * "git add -p" rewritten in C regressed hunk splitting in some cases, + which has been corrected. + (merge 7008ddc645 pw/add-p-hunk-split-fix later to maint). + + * "git fetch --negotiate-only" is an internal command used by "git + push" to figure out which part of our history is missing from the + other side. It should never recurse into submodules even when + fetch.recursesubmodules configuration variable is set, nor it + should trigger "gc". The code has been tightened up to ensure it + only does common ancestry discovery and nothing else. + (merge de4eaae63a gc/fetch-negotiate-only-early-return later to maint). + + * The code path that verifies signatures made with ssh were made to + work better on a system with CRLF line endings. + (merge caeef01ea7 fs/ssh-signing-crlf later to maint). + + * "git sparse-checkout init" failed to write into $GIT_DIR/info + directory when the repository was created without one, which has + been corrected to auto-create it. + (merge 7f44842ac1 jt/sparse-checkout-leading-dir-fix later to maint). + + * Cloning from a repository that does not yet have any branches or + tags but has other refs resulted in a "remote transport reported + error", which has been corrected. + (merge dccea605b6 jt/clone-not-quite-empty later to maint). + + * Mark in various places in the code that the sparse index and the + split index features are mutually incompatible. + (merge 451b66c533 js/sparse-vs-split-index later to maint). + + * Update the logic to compute alignment requirement for our mem-pool. + (merge e38bcc66d8 jc/mem-pool-alignment later to maint). + + * Pick a better random number generator and use it when we prepare + temporary filenames. + (merge 47efda967c bc/csprng-mktemps later to maint). + + * Update the contributor-facing documents on proposed log messages. + (merge cdba0295b0 jc/doc-log-messages later to maint). + + * When "git fetch --prune" failed to prune the refs it wanted to + prune, the command issued error messages but exited with exit + status 0, which has been corrected. + (merge c9e04d905e tg/fetch-prune-exit-code-fix later to maint). + + * Problems identified by Coverity in the reftable code have been + corrected. + (merge 01033de49f hn/reftable-coverity-fixes later to maint). + + * A bug that made multi-pack bitmap and the object order out-of-sync, + making the .midx data corrupt, has been fixed. + (merge f8b60cf99b tb/midx-bitmap-corruption-fix later to maint). + + * The build procedure has been taught to notice older version of zlib + and enable our replacement uncompress2() automatically. + (merge 07564773c2 ab/auto-detect-zlib-compress2 later to maint). + + * Interaction between fetch.negotiationAlgorithm and + feature.experimental configuration variables has been corrected. + (merge 714edc620c en/fetch-negotiation-default-fix later to maint). + + * "git diff --diff-filter=aR" is now parsed correctly. + (merge 75408ca949 js/diff-filter-negation-fix later to maint). + + * When "git subtree" wants to create a merge, it used "git merge" and + let it be affected by end-user's "merge.ff" configuration, which + has been corrected. + (merge 9158a3564a tk/subtree-merge-not-ff-only later to maint). + + * Unlike "git apply", "git patch-id" did not handle patches with + hunks that has only 1 line in either preimage or postimage, which + has been corrected. + (merge 757e75c81e jz/patch-id-hunk-header-parsing-fix later to maint). + + * "receive-pack" checks if it will do any ref updates (various + conditions could reject a push) before received objects are taken + out of the temporary directory used for quarantine purposes, so + that a push that is known-to-fail will not leave crufts that a + future "gc" needs to clean up. + (merge 5407764069 cb/clear-quarantine-early-on-all-ref-update-errors later to maint). + + * Because a deletion of ref would need to remove it from both the + loose ref store and the packed ref store, a delete-ref operation + that logically removes one ref may end up invoking ref-transaction + hook twice, which has been corrected. + (merge 2ed1b64ebd ps/avoid-unnecessary-hook-invocation-with-packed-refs later to maint). + + * When there is no object to write .bitmap file for, "git + multi-pack-index" triggered an error, instead of just skipping, + which has been corrected. + (merge eb57277ba3 tb/midx-no-bitmap-for-no-objects later to maint). + + * "git cmd -h" outside a repository should error out cleanly for many + commands, but instead it hit a BUG(), which has been corrected. + (merge 87ad07d735 js/short-help-outside-repo-fix later to maint). + + * "working tree" and "per-worktree ref" were in glossary, but + "worktree" itself wasn't, which has been corrected. + (merge 2df5387ed0 jc/glossary-worktree later to maint). + + * L10n support for a few error messages. + (merge 3d3c23b3a7 bs/forbid-i18n-of-protocol-token-in-fetch-pack later to maint). + + * Test modernization. + (merge d4fe066e4b sy/t0001-use-path-is-helper later to maint). + + * "git log --graph --graph" used to leak a graph structure, and there + was no way to countermand "--graph" that appear earlier on the + command line. A "--no-graph" option has been added and resource + leakage has been plugged. + + * Error output given in response to an ambiguous object name has been + improved. + (merge 3a73c1dfaf ab/ambiguous-object-name later to maint). + + * "git sparse-checkout" wants to work with per-worktree configuration, + but did not work well in a worktree attached to a bare repository. + (merge 3ce1138272 ds/sparse-checkout-requires-per-worktree-config later to maint). + + * Setting core.untrackedCache to true failed to add the untracked + cache extension to the index. + + * Workaround we have for versions of PCRE2 before their version 10.36 + were in effect only for their versions newer than 10.36 by mistake, + which has been corrected. + (merge 97169fc361 rs/pcre-invalid-utf8-fix-fix later to maint). + + * Document Taylor as a new member of Git PLC at SFC. Welcome. + (merge e8d56ca863 tb/coc-plc-update later to maint). + + * "git checkout -b branch/with/multi/level/name && git stash" only + recorded the last level component of the branch name, which has + been corrected. + + * "git fetch" can make two separate fetches, but ref updates coming + from them were in two separate ref transactions under "--atomic", + which has been corrected. + + * Check the return value from parse_tree_indirect() to turn segfaults + into calls to die(). + (merge 8d2eaf649a gc/parse-tree-indirect-errors later to maint). + + * Newer version of GPGSM changed its output in a backward + incompatible way to break our code that parses its output. It also + added more processes our tests need to kill when cleaning up. + Adjustments have been made to accommodate these changes. + (merge b0b70d54c4 fs/gpgsm-update later to maint). + + * The untracked cache newly computed weren't written back to the + on-disk index file when there is no other change to the index, + which has been corrected. + + * "git config -h" did not describe the "--type" option correctly. + (merge 5445124fad mf/fix-type-in-config-h later to maint). + + * The way generation number v2 in the commit-graph files are + (not) handled has been corrected. + (merge 6dbf4b8172 ds/commit-graph-gen-v2-fixes later to maint). + + * The method to trigger malloc check used in our tests no longer work + with newer versions of glibc. + (merge baedc59543 ep/test-malloc-check-with-glibc-2.34 later to maint). + + * When "git fetch --recurse-submodules" grabbed submodule commits + that would be needed to recursively check out newly fetched commits + in the superproject, it only paid attention to submodules that are + in the current checkout of the superproject. We now do so for all + submodules that have been run "git submodule init" on. + + * "git rebase $base $non_branch_commit", when $base is an ancestor or + the $non_branch_commit, modified the current branch, which has been + corrected. + + * When "shallow" information is updated, we forgot to update the + in-core equivalent, which has been corrected. + + * When creating a loose object file, we didn't report the exact + filename of the file we failed to fsync, even though the + information was readily available, which has been corrected. + + * "git am" can read from the standard input when no mailbox is given + on the command line, but the end-user gets no indication when it + happens, making Git appear stuck. + (merge 7b20af6a06 jc/mailsplit-warn-on-tty later to maint). + + * "git mv" failed to refresh the cached stat information for the + entry it moved. + (merge b7f9130a06 vd/mv-refresh-stat later to maint). + + * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc. + (merge cfc5cf428b jc/find-header later to maint). + (merge 40e7cfdd46 jh/p4-fix-use-of-process-error-exception later to maint). + (merge 727e6ea350 jh/p4-spawning-external-commands-cleanup later to maint). + (merge 0a6adc26e2 rs/grep-expr-cleanup later to maint). + (merge 4ed7dfa713 po/readme-mention-contributor-hints later to maint). + (merge 6046f7a91c en/plug-leaks-in-merge later to maint). + (merge 8c591dbfce bc/clarify-eol-attr later to maint). + (merge 518e15db74 rs/parse-options-lithelp-help later to maint). + (merge cbac0076ef gh/doc-typos later to maint). + (merge ce14de03db ab/no-errno-from-resolve-ref-unsafe later to maint). + (merge 2826ffad8c rc/negotiate-only-typofix later to maint). + (merge 0f03f04c5c en/sparse-checkout-leakfix later to maint). + (merge 74f3390dde sy/diff-usage-typofix later to maint). + (merge 45d0212a71 ll/doc-mktree-typofix later to maint). + (merge e9b272e4c1 js/no-more-legacy-stash later to maint). + (merge 6798b08e84 ab/do-not-hide-failures-in-git-dot-pm later to maint). + (merge 9325285df4 po/doc-check-ignore-markup-fix later to maint). + (merge cd26cd6c7c sy/modernize-t-lib-read-tree-m-3way later to maint). + (merge d17294a05e ab/hash-object-leakfix later to maint). + (merge b8403129d3 jd/t0015-modernize later to maint). + (merge 332acc248d ds/mailmap later to maint). + (merge 04bf052eef ab/grep-patterntype later to maint). + (merge 6ee36364eb ab/diff-free-more later to maint). + (merge 63a36017fe nj/read-tree-doc-reffix later to maint). + (merge eed36fce38 sm/no-git-in-upstream-of-pipe-in-tests later to maint). + (merge c614beb933 ep/t6423-modernize later to maint). + (merge 57be9c6dee ab/reflog-prep-fix later to maint). + (merge 5327d8982a js/in-place-reverse-in-sequencer later to maint). + (merge 2e2c0be51e dp/worktree-repair-in-usage later to maint). + (merge 6563706568 jc/coding-guidelines-decl-in-for-loop later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches index 92b80d9..a6121d1 100644 --- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches +++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches @@ -110,6 +110,35 @@ run `git diff --check` on your changes before you commit. [[describe-changes]] === Describe your changes well. +The log message that explains your changes is just as important as the +changes themselves. Your code may be clearly written with in-code +comment to sufficiently explain how it works with the surrounding +code, but those who need to fix or enhance your code in the future +will need to know _why_ your code does what it does, for a few +reasons: + +. Your code may be doing something differently from what you wanted it + to do. Writing down what you actually wanted to achieve will help + them fix your code and make it do what it should have been doing + (also, you often discover your own bugs yourself, while writing the + log message to summarize the thought behind it). + +. Your code may be doing things that were only necessary for your + immediate needs (e.g. "do X to directories" without implementing or + even designing what is to be done on files). Writing down why you + excluded what the code does not do will help guide future developers. + Writing down "we do X to directories, because directories have + characteristic Y" would help them infer "oh, files also have the same + characteristic Y, so perhaps doing X to them would also make sense?". + Saying "we don't do the same X to files, because ..." will help them + decide if the reasoning is sound (in which case they do not waste + time extending your code to cover files), or reason differently (in + which case, they can explain why they extend your code to cover + files, too). + +The goal of your log message is to convey the _why_ behind your +change to help future developers. + The first line of the commit message should be a short description (50 characters is the soft limit, see DISCUSSION in linkgit:git-commit[1]), and should skip the full stop. It is also conventional in most cases to @@ -142,6 +171,13 @@ The body should provide a meaningful commit message, which: . alternate solutions considered but discarded, if any. +[[present-tense]] +The problem statement that describes the status quo is written in the +present tense. Write "The code does X when it is given input Y", +instead of "The code used to do Y when given input X". You do not +have to say "Currently"---the status quo in the problem statement is +about the code _without_ your change, by project convention. + [[imperative-mood]] Describe your changes in imperative mood, e.g. "make xyzzy do frotz" instead of "[This patch] makes xyzzy do frotz" or "[I] changed xyzzy diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt index b168f02..43f5e6f 100644 --- a/Documentation/config.txt +++ b/Documentation/config.txt @@ -159,6 +159,33 @@ all branches that begin with `foo/`. This is useful if your branches are organized hierarchically and you would like to apply a configuration to all the branches in that hierarchy. +`hasconfig:remote.*.url:`:: + The data that follows this keyword is taken to + be a pattern with standard globbing wildcards and two + additional ones, `**/` and `/**`, that can match multiple + components. The first time this keyword is seen, the rest of + the config files will be scanned for remote URLs (without + applying any values). If there exists at least one remote URL + that matches this pattern, the include condition is met. ++ +Files included by this option (directly or indirectly) are not allowed +to contain remote URLs. ++ +Note that unlike other includeIf conditions, resolving this condition +relies on information that is not yet known at the point of reading the +condition. A typical use case is this option being present as a +system-level or global-level config, and the remote URL being in a +local-level config; hence the need to scan ahead when resolving this +condition. In order to avoid the chicken-and-egg problem in which +potentially-included files can affect whether such files are potentially +included, Git breaks the cycle by prohibiting these files from affecting +the resolution of these conditions (thus, prohibiting them from +declaring remote URLs). ++ +As for the naming of this keyword, it is for forwards compatibiliy with +a naming scheme that supports more variable-based include conditions, +but currently Git only supports the exact keyword described above. + A few more notes on matching via `gitdir` and `gitdir/i`: * Symlinks in `$GIT_DIR` are not resolved before matching. @@ -226,6 +253,14 @@ Example ; currently checked out [includeIf "onbranch:foo-branch"] path = foo.inc + +; include only if a remote with the given URL exists (note +; that such a URL may be provided later in a file or in a +; file read after this file is read, as seen in this example) +[includeIf "hasconfig:remote.*.url:https://example.com/**"] + path = foo.inc +[remote "origin"] + url = https://example.com/git ---- Values @@ -460,14 +495,14 @@ include::config/repack.txt[] include::config/rerere.txt[] -include::config/reset.txt[] - include::config/sendemail.txt[] include::config/sequencer.txt[] include::config/showbranch.txt[] +include::config/sparse.txt[] + include::config/splitindex.txt[] include::config/ssh.txt[] diff --git a/Documentation/config/advice.txt b/Documentation/config/advice.txt index 063eec2..a00d010 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/advice.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/advice.txt @@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ advice.*:: can tell Git that you do not need help by setting these to 'false': + -- + ambiguousFetchRefspec:: + Advice shown when fetch refspec for multiple remotes map to + the same remote-tracking branch namespace and causes branch + tracking set-up to fail. fetchShowForcedUpdates:: Advice shown when linkgit:git-fetch[1] takes a long time to calculate forced updates after ref updates, or to warn @@ -67,10 +71,10 @@ advice.*:: commitBeforeMerge:: Advice shown when linkgit:git-merge[1] refuses to merge to avoid overwriting local changes. - resetQuiet:: - Advice to consider using the `--quiet` option to linkgit:git-reset[1] - when the command takes more than 2 seconds to enumerate unstaged - changes after reset. + resetNoRefresh:: + Advice to consider using the `--no-refresh` option to + linkgit:git-reset[1] when the command takes more than 2 seconds + to refresh the index after reset. resolveConflict:: Advice shown by various commands when conflicts prevent the operation from being performed. @@ -85,6 +89,9 @@ advice.*:: linkgit:git-switch[1] or linkgit:git-checkout[1] to move to the detach HEAD state, to instruct how to create a local branch after the fact. + suggestDetachingHead:: + Advice shown when linkgit:git-switch[1] refuses to detach HEAD + without the explicit `--detach` option. checkoutAmbiguousRemoteBranchName:: Advice shown when the argument to linkgit:git-checkout[1] and linkgit:git-switch[1] @@ -116,6 +123,9 @@ advice.*:: submoduleAlternateErrorStrategyDie:: Advice shown when a submodule.alternateErrorStrategy option configured to "die" causes a fatal error. + submodulesNotUpdated:: + Advice shown when a user runs a submodule command that fails + because `git submodule update --init` was not run. addIgnoredFile:: Advice shown if a user attempts to add an ignored file to the index. diff --git a/Documentation/config/clone.txt b/Documentation/config/clone.txt index 7bcfbd1..26f4fb1 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/clone.txt @@ -6,3 +6,8 @@ clone.defaultRemoteName:: clone.rejectShallow:: Reject to clone a repository if it is a shallow one, can be overridden by passing option `--reject-shallow` in command line. See linkgit:git-clone[1] + +clone.filterSubmodules:: + If a partial clone filter is provided (see `--filter` in + linkgit:git-rev-list[1]) and `--recurse-submodules` is used, also apply + the filter to submodules. diff --git a/Documentation/config/core.txt b/Documentation/config/core.txt index c04f62a..e67392c 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/core.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/core.txt @@ -62,22 +62,54 @@ core.protectNTFS:: Defaults to `true` on Windows, and `false` elsewhere. core.fsmonitor:: - If set, the value of this variable is used as a command which - will identify all files that may have changed since the - requested date/time. This information is used to speed up git by - avoiding unnecessary processing of files that have not changed. - See the "fsmonitor-watchman" section of linkgit:githooks[5]. + If set to true, enable the built-in file system monitor + daemon for this working directory (linkgit:git-fsmonitor{litdd}daemon[1]). ++ +Like hook-based file system monitors, the built-in file system monitor +can speed up Git commands that need to refresh the Git index +(e.g. `git status`) in a working directory with many files. The +built-in monitor eliminates the need to install and maintain an +external third-party tool. ++ +The built-in file system monitor is currently available only on a +limited set of supported platforms. Currently, this includes Windows +and MacOS. ++ + Otherwise, this variable contains the pathname of the "fsmonitor" + hook command. ++ +This hook command is used to identify all files that may have changed +since the requested date/time. This information is used to speed up +git by avoiding unnecessary scanning of files that have not changed. ++ +See the "fsmonitor-watchman" section of linkgit:githooks[5]. ++ +Note that if you concurrently use multiple versions of Git, such +as one version on the command line and another version in an IDE +tool, that the definition of `core.fsmonitor` was extended to +allow boolean values in addition to hook pathnames. Git versions +2.35.1 and prior will not understand the boolean values and will +consider the "true" or "false" values as hook pathnames to be +invoked. Git versions 2.26 thru 2.35.1 default to hook protocol +V2 and will fall back to no fsmonitor (full scan). Git versions +prior to 2.26 default to hook protocol V1 and will silently +assume there were no changes to report (no scan), so status +commands may report incomplete results. For this reason, it is +best to upgrade all of your Git versions before using the built-in +file system monitor. core.fsmonitorHookVersion:: - Sets the version of hook that is to be used when calling fsmonitor. - There are currently versions 1 and 2. When this is not set, - version 2 will be tried first and if it fails then version 1 - will be tried. Version 1 uses a timestamp as input to determine - which files have changes since that time but some monitors - like watchman have race conditions when used with a timestamp. - Version 2 uses an opaque string so that the monitor can return - something that can be used to determine what files have changed - without race conditions. + Sets the protocol version to be used when invoking the + "fsmonitor" hook. ++ +There are currently versions 1 and 2. When this is not set, +version 2 will be tried first and if it fails then version 1 +will be tried. Version 1 uses a timestamp as input to determine +which files have changes since that time but some monitors +like Watchman have race conditions when used with a timestamp. +Version 2 uses an opaque string so that the monitor can return +something that can be used to determine what files have changed +without race conditions. core.trustctime:: If false, the ctime differences between the index and the @@ -547,13 +579,64 @@ core.whitespace:: is relevant for `indent-with-non-tab` and when Git fixes `tab-in-indent` errors. The default tab width is 8. Allowed values are 1 to 63. +core.fsync:: + A comma-separated list of components of the repository that + should be hardened via the core.fsyncMethod when created or + modified. You can disable hardening of any component by + prefixing it with a '-'. Items that are not hardened may be + lost in the event of an unclean system shutdown. Unless you + have special requirements, it is recommended that you leave + this option empty or pick one of `committed`, `added`, + or `all`. ++ +When this configuration is encountered, the set of components starts with +the platform default value, disabled components are removed, and additional +components are added. `none` resets the state so that the platform default +is ignored. ++ +The empty string resets the fsync configuration to the platform +default. The default on most platforms is equivalent to +`core.fsync=committed,-loose-object`, which has good performance, +but risks losing recent work in the event of an unclean system shutdown. ++ +* `none` clears the set of fsynced components. +* `loose-object` hardens objects added to the repo in loose-object form. +* `pack` hardens objects added to the repo in packfile form. +* `pack-metadata` hardens packfile bitmaps and indexes. +* `commit-graph` hardens the commit graph file. +* `index` hardens the index when it is modified. +* `objects` is an aggregate option that is equivalent to + `loose-object,pack`. +* `reference` hardens references modified in the repo. +* `derived-metadata` is an aggregate option that is equivalent to + `pack-metadata,commit-graph`. +* `committed` is an aggregate option that is currently equivalent to + `objects`. This mode sacrifices some performance to ensure that work + that is committed to the repository with `git commit` or similar commands + is hardened. +* `added` is an aggregate option that is currently equivalent to + `committed,index`. This mode sacrifices additional performance to + ensure that the results of commands like `git add` and similar operations + are hardened. +* `all` is an aggregate option that syncs all individual components above. + +core.fsyncMethod:: + A value indicating the strategy Git will use to harden repository data + using fsync and related primitives. ++ +* `fsync` uses the fsync() system call or platform equivalents. +* `writeout-only` issues pagecache writeback requests, but depending on the + filesystem and storage hardware, data added to the repository may not be + durable in the event of a system crash. This is the default mode on macOS. + core.fsyncObjectFiles:: This boolean will enable 'fsync()' when writing object files. + This setting is deprecated. Use core.fsync instead. + -This is a total waste of time and effort on a filesystem that orders -data writes properly, but can be useful for filesystems that do not use -journalling (traditional UNIX filesystems) or that only journal metadata -and not file contents (OS X's HFS+, or Linux ext3 with "data=writeback"). +This setting affects data added to the Git repository in loose-object +form. When set to true, Git will issue an fsync or similar system call +to flush caches so that loose-objects remain consistent in the face +of a unclean system shutdown. core.preloadIndex:: Enable parallel index preload for operations like 'git diff' diff --git a/Documentation/config/extensions.txt b/Documentation/config/extensions.txt index 4e23d73..bccaec7 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/extensions.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/extensions.txt @@ -6,3 +6,34 @@ extensions.objectFormat:: Note that this setting should only be set by linkgit:git-init[1] or linkgit:git-clone[1]. Trying to change it after initialization will not work and will produce hard-to-diagnose issues. + +extensions.worktreeConfig:: + If enabled, then worktrees will load config settings from the + `$GIT_DIR/config.worktree` file in addition to the + `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config` file. Note that `$GIT_COMMON_DIR` and + `$GIT_DIR` are the same for the main working tree, while other + working trees have `$GIT_DIR` equal to + `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/worktrees/<id>/`. The settings in the + `config.worktree` file will override settings from any other + config files. ++ +When enabling `extensions.worktreeConfig`, you must be careful to move +certain values from the common config file to the main working tree's +`config.worktree` file, if present: ++ +* `core.worktree` must be moved from `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config` to + `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config.worktree`. +* If `core.bare` is true, then it must be moved from `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config` + to `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config.worktree`. ++ +It may also be beneficial to adjust the locations of `core.sparseCheckout` +and `core.sparseCheckoutCone` depending on your desire for customizable +sparse-checkout settings for each worktree. By default, the `git +sparse-checkout` builtin enables `extensions.worktreeConfig`, assigns +these config values on a per-worktree basis, and uses the +`$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout` file to specify the sparsity for each +worktree independently. See linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] for more +details. ++ +For historical reasons, `extensions.worktreeConfig` is respected +regardless of the `core.repositoryFormatVersion` setting. diff --git a/Documentation/config/fetch.txt b/Documentation/config/fetch.txt index 63748c0..cd65d23 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/fetch.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/fetch.txt @@ -56,18 +56,19 @@ fetch.output:: OUTPUT in linkgit:git-fetch[1] for detail. fetch.negotiationAlgorithm:: - Control how information about the commits in the local repository is - sent when negotiating the contents of the packfile to be sent by the - server. Set to "skipping" to use an algorithm that skips commits in an - effort to converge faster, but may result in a larger-than-necessary - packfile; or set to "noop" to not send any information at all, which - will almost certainly result in a larger-than-necessary packfile, but - will skip the negotiation step. - The default is "default" which instructs Git to use the default algorithm - that never skips commits (unless the server has acknowledged it or one - of its descendants). If `feature.experimental` is enabled, then this - setting defaults to "skipping". - Unknown values will cause 'git fetch' to error out. + Control how information about the commits in the local repository + is sent when negotiating the contents of the packfile to be sent by + the server. Set to "consecutive" to use an algorithm that walks + over consecutive commits checking each one. Set to "skipping" to + use an algorithm that skips commits in an effort to converge + faster, but may result in a larger-than-necessary packfile; or set + to "noop" to not send any information at all, which will almost + certainly result in a larger-than-necessary packfile, but will skip + the negotiation step. Set to "default" to override settings made + previously and use the default behaviour. The default is normally + "consecutive", but if `feature.experimental` is true, then the + default is "skipping". Unknown values will cause 'git fetch' to + error out. + See also the `--negotiate-only` and `--negotiation-tip` options to linkgit:git-fetch[1]. diff --git a/Documentation/config/gpg.txt b/Documentation/config/gpg.txt index 0cb189a..86892ad 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/gpg.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/gpg.txt @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ gpg.minTrustLevel:: gpg.ssh.defaultKeyCommand:: This command that will be run when user.signingkey is not set and a ssh signature is requested. On successful exit a valid ssh public key is - expected in the first line of its output. To automatically use the first + expected in the first line of its output. To automatically use the first available key from your ssh-agent set this to "ssh-add -L". gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile:: @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ This way only committers with an already valid key can add or change keys in the + Since OpensSSH 8.8 this file allows specifying a key lifetime using valid-after & valid-before options. Git will mark signatures as valid if the signing key was -valid at the time of the signatures creation. This allows users to change a +valid at the time of the signature's creation. This allows users to change a signing key without invalidating all previously made signatures. + Using a SSH CA key with the cert-authority option diff --git a/Documentation/config/remote.txt b/Documentation/config/remote.txt index a8e6437..0678b4b 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/remote.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/remote.txt @@ -82,5 +82,7 @@ remote.<name>.promisor:: objects. remote.<name>.partialclonefilter:: - The filter that will be applied when fetching from this - promisor remote. + The filter that will be applied when fetching from this promisor remote. + Changing or clearing this value will only affect fetches for new commits. + To fetch associated objects for commits already present in the local object + database, use the `--refetch` option of linkgit:git-fetch[1]. diff --git a/Documentation/config/repack.txt b/Documentation/config/repack.txt index 9c413e1..41ac695 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/repack.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/repack.txt @@ -25,3 +25,8 @@ repack.writeBitmaps:: space and extra time spent on the initial repack. This has no effect if multiple packfiles are created. Defaults to true on bare repos, false otherwise. + +repack.updateServerInfo:: + If set to false, linkgit:git-repack[1] will not run + linkgit:git-update-server-info[1]. Defaults to true. Can be overridden + when true by the `-n` option of linkgit:git-repack[1]. diff --git a/Documentation/config/reset.txt b/Documentation/config/reset.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 63b7c45..0000000 --- a/Documentation/config/reset.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -reset.quiet:: - When set to true, 'git reset' will default to the '--quiet' option. diff --git a/Documentation/config/sparse.txt b/Documentation/config/sparse.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..aff49a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/config/sparse.txt @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +sparse.expectFilesOutsideOfPatterns:: + Typically with sparse checkouts, files not matching any + sparsity patterns are marked with a SKIP_WORKTREE bit in the + index and are missing from the working tree. Accordingly, Git + will ordinarily check whether files with the SKIP_WORKTREE bit + are in fact present in the working tree contrary to + expectations. If Git finds any, it marks those paths as + present by clearing the relevant SKIP_WORKTREE bits. This + option can be used to tell Git that such + present-despite-skipped files are expected and to stop + checking for them. ++ +The default is `false`, which allows Git to automatically recover +from the list of files in the index and working tree falling out of +sync. ++ +Set this to `true` if you are in a setup where some external factor +relieves Git of the responsibility for maintaining the consistency +between the presence of working tree files and sparsity patterns. For +example, if you have a Git-aware virtual file system that has a robust +mechanism for keeping the working tree and the sparsity patterns up to +date based on access patterns. ++ +Regardless of this setting, Git does not check for +present-despite-skipped files unless sparse checkout is enabled, so +this config option has no effect unless `core.sparseCheckout` is +`true`. diff --git a/Documentation/config/stash.txt b/Documentation/config/stash.txt index 9ed7752..b9f609e 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/stash.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/stash.txt @@ -1,10 +1,3 @@ -stash.useBuiltin:: - Unused configuration variable. Used in Git versions 2.22 to - 2.26 as an escape hatch to enable the legacy shellscript - implementation of stash. Now the built-in rewrite of it in C - is always used. Setting this will emit a warning, to alert any - remaining users that setting this now does nothing. - stash.showIncludeUntracked:: If this is set to true, the `git stash show` command will show the untracked files of a stash entry. Defaults to false. See diff --git a/Documentation/config/submodule.txt b/Documentation/config/submodule.txt index ee454f8..6490527 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/submodule.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/submodule.txt @@ -59,18 +59,33 @@ submodule.active:: submodule.recurse:: A boolean indicating if commands should enable the `--recurse-submodules` - option by default. - Applies to all commands that support this option - (`checkout`, `fetch`, `grep`, `pull`, `push`, `read-tree`, `reset`, - `restore` and `switch`) except `clone` and `ls-files`. + option by default. Defaults to false. ++ +When set to true, it can be deactivated via the +`--no-recurse-submodules` option. Note that some Git commands +lacking this option may call some of the above commands affected by +`submodule.recurse`; for instance `git remote update` will call +`git fetch` but does not have a `--no-recurse-submodules` option. +For these commands a workaround is to temporarily change the +configuration value by using `git -c submodule.recurse=0`. ++ +The following list shows the commands that accept +`--recurse-submodules` and whether they are supported by this +setting. + +* `checkout`, `fetch`, `grep`, `pull`, `push`, `read-tree`, +`reset`, `restore` and `switch` are always supported. +* `clone` and `ls-files` are not supported. +* `branch` is supported only if `submodule.propagateBranches` is +enabled + +submodule.propagateBranches:: + [EXPERIMENTAL] A boolean that enables branching support when + using `--recurse-submodules` or `submodule.recurse=true`. + Enabling this will allow certain commands to accept + `--recurse-submodules` and certain commands that already accept + `--recurse-submodules` will now consider branches. Defaults to false. - When set to true, it can be deactivated via the - `--no-recurse-submodules` option. Note that some Git commands - lacking this option may call some of the above commands affected by - `submodule.recurse`; for instance `git remote update` will call - `git fetch` but does not have a `--no-recurse-submodules` option. - For these commands a workaround is to temporarily change the - configuration value by using `git -c submodule.recurse=0`. submodule.fetchJobs:: Specifies how many submodules are fetched/cloned at the same time. diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt index c89d530..3674ac4 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ endif::git-diff[] endif::git-format-patch[] ifdef::git-log[] ---diff-merges=(off|none|on|first-parent|1|separate|m|combined|c|dense-combined|cc):: +--diff-merges=(off|none|on|first-parent|1|separate|m|combined|c|dense-combined|cc|remerge|r):: --no-diff-merges:: Specify diff format to be used for merge commits. Default is {diff-merges-default} unless `--first-parent` is in use, in which case @@ -64,6 +64,18 @@ ifdef::git-log[] each of the parents. Separate log entry and diff is generated for each parent. + +--diff-merges=remerge::: +--diff-merges=r::: +--remerge-diff::: + With this option, two-parent merge commits are remerged to + create a temporary tree object -- potentially containing files + with conflict markers and such. A diff is then shown between + that temporary tree and the actual merge commit. ++ +The output emitted when this option is used is subject to change, and +so is its interaction with other options (unless explicitly +documented). ++ --diff-merges=combined::: --diff-merges=c::: -c::: @@ -616,11 +628,8 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[] Also, these upper-case letters can be downcased to exclude. E.g. `--diff-filter=ad` excludes added and deleted paths. + -Note that not all diffs can feature all types. For instance, diffs -from the index to the working tree can never have Added entries -(because the set of paths included in the diff is limited by what is in -the index). Similarly, copied and renamed entries cannot appear if -detection for those types is disabled. +Note that not all diffs can feature all types. For instance, copied and +renamed entries cannot appear if detection for those types is disabled. -S<string>:: Look for differences that change the number of occurrences of diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt index e967ff1..622bd84 100644 --- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt @@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ configuration variables documented in linkgit:git-config[1], and the ancestors of the provided `--negotiation-tip=*` arguments, which we have in common with the server. + +This is incompatible with `--recurse-submodules=[yes|on-demand]`. Internally this is used to implement the `push.negotiate` option, see linkgit:git-config[1]. @@ -162,6 +163,16 @@ endif::git-pull[] behavior for a remote may be specified with the remote.<name>.tagOpt setting. See linkgit:git-config[1]. +ifndef::git-pull[] +--refetch:: + Instead of negotiating with the server to avoid transferring commits and + associated objects that are already present locally, this option fetches + all objects as a fresh clone would. Use this to reapply a partial clone + filter from configuration or using `--filter=` when the filter + definition has changed. Automatic post-fetch maintenance will perform + object database pack consolidation to remove any duplicate objects. +endif::git-pull[] + --refmap=<refspec>:: When fetching refs listed on the command line, use the specified refspec (can be given more than once) to map the @@ -185,15 +196,23 @@ endif::git-pull[] ifndef::git-pull[] --recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]:: This option controls if and under what conditions new commits of - populated submodules should be fetched too. It can be used as a - boolean option to completely disable recursion when set to 'no' or to - unconditionally recurse into all populated submodules when set to - 'yes', which is the default when this option is used without any - value. Use 'on-demand' to only recurse into a populated submodule - when the superproject retrieves a commit that updates the submodule's - reference to a commit that isn't already in the local submodule - clone. By default, 'on-demand' is used, unless - `fetch.recurseSubmodules` is set (see linkgit:git-config[1]). + submodules should be fetched too. When recursing through submodules, + `git fetch` always attempts to fetch "changed" submodules, that is, a + submodule that has commits that are referenced by a newly fetched + superproject commit but are missing in the local submodule clone. A + changed submodule can be fetched as long as it is present locally e.g. + in `$GIT_DIR/modules/` (see linkgit:gitsubmodules[7]); if the upstream + adds a new submodule, that submodule cannot be fetched until it is + cloned e.g. by `git submodule update`. ++ +When set to 'on-demand', only changed submodules are fetched. When set +to 'yes', all populated submodules are fetched and submodules that are +both unpopulated and changed are fetched. When set to 'no', submodules +are never fetched. ++ +When unspecified, this uses the value of `fetch.recurseSubmodules` if it +is set (see linkgit:git-config[1]), defaulting to 'on-demand' if unset. +When this option is used without any value, it defaults to 'yes'. endif::git-pull[] -j:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt index 731e340..c8b4f9c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt @@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ SYNOPSIS [--points-at <object>] [--format=<format>] [(-r | --remotes) | (-a | --all)] [--list] [<pattern>...] -'git branch' [--track[=(direct|inherit)] | --no-track] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>] +'git branch' [--track[=(direct|inherit)] | --no-track] [-f] + [--recurse-submodules] <branchname> [<start-point>] 'git branch' (--set-upstream-to=<upstream> | -u <upstream>) [<branchname>] 'git branch' --unset-upstream [<branchname>] 'git branch' (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch> @@ -235,6 +236,22 @@ how the `branch.<name>.remote` and `branch.<name>.merge` options are used. Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable is set. +--recurse-submodules:: + THIS OPTION IS EXPERIMENTAL! Causes the current command to + recurse into submodules if `submodule.propagateBranches` is + enabled. See `submodule.propagateBranches` in + linkgit:git-config[1]. Currently, only branch creation is + supported. ++ +When used in branch creation, a new branch <branchname> will be created +in the superproject and all of the submodules in the superproject's +<start-point>. In submodules, the branch will point to the submodule +commit in the superproject's <start-point> but the branch's tracking +information will be set up based on the submodule's branches and remotes +e.g. `git branch --recurse-submodules topic origin/main` will create the +submodule branch "topic" that points to the submodule commit in the +superproject's "origin/main", but tracks the submodule's "origin/main". + --set-upstream:: As this option had confusing syntax, it is no longer supported. Please use `--track` or `--set-upstream-to` instead. diff --git a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt index 72ab813..7685b57 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt @@ -75,8 +75,11 @@ verify <file>:: cleanly to the current repository. This includes checks on the bundle format itself as well as checking that the prerequisite commits exist and are fully linked in the current repository. - 'git bundle' prints a list of missing commits, if any, and exits - with a non-zero status. + Then, 'git bundle' prints a list of missing commits, if any. + Finally, information about additional capabilities, such as "object + filter", is printed. See "Capabilities" in link:technical/bundle-format.html + for more information. The exit code is zero for success, but will + be nonzero if the bundle file is invalid. list-heads <file>:: Lists the references defined in the bundle. If followed by a diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt index 27b27e2..24a811f 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt @@ -9,8 +9,14 @@ git-cat-file - Provide content or type and size information for repository objec SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git cat-file' (-t [--allow-unknown-type]| -s [--allow-unknown-type]| -e | -p | <type> | --textconv | --filters ) [--path=<path>] <object> -'git cat-file' (--batch[=<format>] | --batch-check[=<format>]) [ --textconv | --filters ] [--follow-symlinks] +'git cat-file' <type> <object> +'git cat-file' (-e | -p) <object> +'git cat-file' (-t | -s) [--allow-unknown-type] <object> +'git cat-file' (--batch | --batch-check | --batch-command) [--batch-all-objects] + [--buffer] [--follow-symlinks] [--unordered] + [--textconv | --filters] +'git cat-file' (--textconv | --filters) + [<rev>:<path|tree-ish> | --path=<path|tree-ish> <rev>] DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -90,6 +96,33 @@ OPTIONS need to specify the path, separated by whitespace. See the section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details. +--batch-command:: +--batch-command=<format>:: + Enter a command mode that reads commands and arguments from stdin. May + only be combined with `--buffer`, `--textconv` or `--filters`. In the + case of `--textconv` or `--filters`, the input lines also need to specify + the path, separated by whitespace. See the section `BATCH OUTPUT` below + for details. ++ +`--batch-command` recognizes the following commands: ++ +-- +contents <object>:: + Print object contents for object reference `<object>`. This corresponds to + the output of `--batch`. + +info <object>:: + Print object info for object reference `<object>`. This corresponds to the + output of `--batch-check`. + +flush:: + Used with `--buffer` to execute all preceding commands that were issued + since the beginning or since the last flush was issued. When `--buffer` + is used, no output will come until a `flush` is issued. When `--buffer` + is not used, commands are flushed each time without issuing `flush`. +-- ++ + --batch-all-objects:: Instead of reading a list of objects on stdin, perform the requested batch operation on all objects in the repository and @@ -104,7 +137,7 @@ OPTIONS that a process can interactively read and write from `cat-file`. With this option, the output uses normal stdio buffering; this is much more efficient when invoking - `--batch-check` on a large number of objects. + `--batch-check` or `--batch-command` on a large number of objects. --unordered:: When `--batch-all-objects` is in use, visit objects in an @@ -196,6 +229,13 @@ from stdin, one per line, and print information about them. By default, the whole line is considered as an object, as if it were fed to linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]. +When `--batch-command` is given, `cat-file` will read commands from stdin, +one per line, and print information based on the command given. With +`--batch-command`, the `info` command followed by an object will print +information about the object the same way `--batch-check` would, and the +`contents` command followed by an object prints contents in the same way +`--batch` would. + You can specify the information shown for each object by using a custom `<format>`. The `<format>` is copied literally to stdout for each object, with placeholders of the form `%(atom)` expanded, followed by a @@ -231,9 +271,9 @@ newline. The available atoms are: If no format is specified, the default format is `%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(objectsize)`. -If `--batch` is specified, the object information is followed by the -object contents (consisting of `%(objectsize)` bytes), followed by a -newline. +If `--batch` is specified, or if `--batch-command` is used with the `contents` +command, the object information is followed by the object contents (consisting +of `%(objectsize)` bytes), followed by a newline. For example, `--batch` without a custom format would produce: diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt index 0c3924a..2892799 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ OPTIONS Instead of printing the paths that are excluded, for each path that matches an exclude pattern, print the exclude pattern together with the path. (Matching an exclude pattern usually - means the path is excluded, but if the pattern begins with '!' + means the path is excluded, but if the pattern begins with "`!`" then it is a negated pattern and matching it means the path is NOT excluded.) + @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ If `--verbose` is specified, the output is a series of lines of the form: <pathname> is the path of a file being queried, <pattern> is the matching pattern, <source> is the pattern's source file, and <linenum> is the line number of the pattern within that source. If the pattern -contained a `!` prefix or `/` suffix, it will be preserved in the +contained a "`!`" prefix or "`/`" suffix, it will be preserved in the output. <source> will be an absolute path when referring to the file configured by `core.excludesFile`, or relative to the repository root when referring to `.git/info/exclude` or a per-directory exclude file. diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt index 4d33e7b..01dbd5c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-checkout-index.txt @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS 'git checkout-index' [-u] [-q] [-a] [-f] [-n] [--prefix=<string>] [--stage=<number>|all] [--temp] + [--ignore-skip-worktree-bits] [-z] [--stdin] [--] [<file>...] @@ -37,8 +38,9 @@ OPTIONS -a:: --all:: - checks out all files in the index. Cannot be used - together with explicit filenames. + checks out all files in the index except for those with the + skip-worktree bit set (see `--ignore-skip-worktree-bits`). + Cannot be used together with explicit filenames. -n:: --no-create:: @@ -59,6 +61,10 @@ OPTIONS write the content to temporary files. The temporary name associations will be written to stdout. +--ignore-skip-worktree-bits:: + Check out all files, including those with the skip-worktree bit + set. + --stdin:: Instead of taking list of paths from the command line, read list of paths from the standard input. Paths are diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt index 984d194..632bd13 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch] [--no-tags] [--recurse-submodules[=<pathspec>]] [--[no-]shallow-submodules] [--[no-]remote-submodules] [--jobs <n>] [--sparse] [--[no-]reject-shallow] - [--filter=<filter>] [--] <repository> + [--filter=<filter> [--also-filter-submodules]] [--] <repository> [<directory>] DESCRIPTION @@ -182,6 +182,11 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository. at least `<size>`. For more details on filter specifications, see the `--filter` option in linkgit:git-rev-list[1]. +--also-filter-submodules:: + Also apply the partial clone filter to any submodules in the repository. + Requires `--filter` and `--recurse-submodules`. This can be turned on by + default by setting the `clone.filterSubmodules` config option. + --mirror:: Set up a mirror of the source repository. This implies `--bare`. Compared to `--bare`, `--mirror` not only maps local branches of the diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt index 2285eff..bdcfd94 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt @@ -141,9 +141,13 @@ from all available files. See also <<FILES>>. --worktree:: - Similar to `--local` except that `.git/config.worktree` is + Similar to `--local` except that `$GIT_DIR/config.worktree` is read from or written to if `extensions.worktreeConfig` is - present. If not it's the same as `--local`. + enabled. If not it's the same as `--local`. Note that `$GIT_DIR` + is equal to `$GIT_COMMON_DIR` for the main working tree, but is of + the form `$GIT_DIR/worktrees/<id>/` for other working trees. See + linkgit:git-worktree[1] to learn how to enable + `extensions.worktreeConfig`. -f <config-file>:: --file <config-file>:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential-cache--daemon.txt b/Documentation/git-credential-cache--daemon.txt index 7051c6b..01e1c21 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-credential-cache--daemon.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-credential-cache--daemon.txt @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -git-credential-cache--daemon(1) -=============================== +git-credential-cache{litdd}daemon(1) +==================================== NAME ---- @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-credential-cache--daemon - Temporarily store user credentials in memory SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -git credential-cache--daemon [--debug] <socket> +'git credential-cache{litdd}daemon' [--debug] <socket> DESCRIPTION ----------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt index c975884..46747d5 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt @@ -101,6 +101,10 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet. current shallow boundary instead of from the tip of each remote branch history. +--refetch:: + Skips negotiating commits with the server in order to fetch all matching + objects. Use to reapply a new partial clone blob/tree filter. + --no-progress:: Do not show the progress. diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt index 550c16c..e9d3646 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt @@ -287,12 +287,10 @@ include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[] BUGS ---- -Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked -out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the -just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself cannot be -fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without -having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future Git -version. +Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in submodules that are +present locally e.g. in `$GIT_DIR/modules/`. If the upstream adds a new +submodule, that submodule cannot be fetched until it is cloned e.g. by `git +submodule update`. This is expected to be fixed in a future Git version. SEE ALSO -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsmonitor--daemon.txt b/Documentation/git-fsmonitor--daemon.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc142fb --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/git-fsmonitor--daemon.txt @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +git-fsmonitor{litdd}daemon(1) +============================= + +NAME +---- +git-fsmonitor--daemon - A Built-in File System Monitor + +SYNOPSIS +-------- +[verse] +'git fsmonitor{litdd}daemon' start +'git fsmonitor{litdd}daemon' run +'git fsmonitor{litdd}daemon' stop +'git fsmonitor{litdd}daemon' status + +DESCRIPTION +----------- + +A daemon to watch the working directory for file and directory +changes using platform-specific file system notification facilities. + +This daemon communicates directly with commands like `git status` +using the link:technical/api-simple-ipc.html[simple IPC] interface +instead of the slower linkgit:githooks[5] interface. + +This daemon is built into Git so that no third-party tools are +required. + +OPTIONS +------- + +start:: + Starts a daemon in the background. + +run:: + Runs a daemon in the foreground. + +stop:: + Stops the daemon running in the current working + directory, if present. + +status:: + Exits with zero status if a daemon is watching the + current working directory. + +REMARKS +------- + +This daemon is a long running process used to watch a single working +directory and maintain a list of the recently changed files and +directories. Performance of commands such as `git status` can be +increased if they just ask for a summary of changes to the working +directory and can avoid scanning the disk. + +When `core.fsmonitor` is set to `true` (see linkgit:git-config[1]) +commands, such as `git status`, will ask the daemon for changes and +automatically start it (if necessary). + +For more information see the "File System Monitor" section in +linkgit:git-update-index[1]. + +CAVEATS +------- + +The fsmonitor daemon does not currently know about submodules and does +not know to filter out file system events that happen within a +submodule. If fsmonitor daemon is watching a super repo and a file is +modified within the working directory of a submodule, it will report +the change (as happening against the super repo). However, the client +will properly ignore these extra events, so performance may be affected +but it will not cause an incorrect result. + +GIT +--- +Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git-help.txt b/Documentation/git-help.txt index 44ea63c..239c68d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-help.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-help.txt @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ git-help - Display help information about Git SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git help' [-a|--all [--[no-]verbose]] - [[-i|--info] [-m|--man] [-w|--web]] [<command>|<guide>] +'git help' [-a|--all] [--[no-]verbose] [--[no-]external-commands] [--[no-]aliases] +'git help' [[-i|--info] [-m|--man] [-w|--web]] [<command>|<guide>] 'git help' [-g|--guides] 'git help' [-c|--config] @@ -46,8 +46,15 @@ OPTIONS ------- -a:: --all:: - Prints all the available commands on the standard output. This - option overrides any given command or guide name. + Prints all the available commands on the standard output. + +--no-external-commands:: + When used with `--all`, exclude the listing of external "git-*" + commands found in the `$PATH`. + +--no-aliases:: + When used with `--all`, exclude the listing of configured + aliases. --verbose:: When used with `--all` print description for all recognized diff --git a/Documentation/git-hook.txt b/Documentation/git-hook.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..77c3a8a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/git-hook.txt @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +git-hook(1) +=========== + +NAME +---- +git-hook - Run git hooks + +SYNOPSIS +-------- +[verse] +'git hook' run [--ignore-missing] <hook-name> [-- <hook-args>] + +DESCRIPTION +----------- + +A command interface to running git hooks (see linkgit:githooks[5]), +for use by other scripted git commands. + +SUBCOMMANDS +----------- + +run:: + Run the `<hook-name>` hook. See linkgit:githooks[5] for + supported hook names. ++ + +Any positional arguments to the hook should be passed after a +mandatory `--` (or `--end-of-options`, see linkgit:gitcli[7]). See +linkgit:githooks[5] for arguments hooks might expect (if any). + +OPTIONS +------- + +--ignore-missing:: + Ignore any missing hook by quietly returning zero. Used for + tools that want to do a blind one-shot run of a hook that may + or may not be present. + +SEE ALSO +-------- +linkgit:githooks[5] + +GIT +--- +Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt index 1f1e359..4e71c25 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt @@ -122,6 +122,14 @@ This option cannot be used with --stdin. + include::object-format-disclaimer.txt[] +--promisor[=<message>]:: + Before committing the pack-index, create a .promisor file for this + pack. Particularly helpful when writing a promisor pack with --fix-thin + since the name of the pack is not final until the pack has been fully + written. If a `<message>` is provided, then that content will be + written to the .promisor file for future reference. See + link:technical/partial-clone.html[partial clone] for more information. + NOTES ----- diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt index 48cc7c0..0dabf3f 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ a space) at the start of each line: --recurse-submodules:: Recursively calls ls-files on each active submodule in the repository. - Currently there is only support for the --cached mode. + Currently there is only support for the --cached and --stage modes. --abbrev[=<n>]:: Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt index db02d6d..0240adb 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git ls-tree' [-d] [-r] [-t] [-l] [-z] - [--name-only] [--name-status] [--full-name] [--full-tree] [--abbrev[=<n>]] + [--name-only] [--name-status] [--object-only] [--full-name] [--full-tree] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--format=<format>] <tree-ish> [<path>...] DESCRIPTION @@ -59,6 +59,15 @@ OPTIONS --name-only:: --name-status:: List only filenames (instead of the "long" output), one per line. + Cannot be combined with `--object-only`. + +--object-only:: + List only names of the objects, one per line. Cannot be combined + with `--name-only` or `--name-status`. + This is equivalent to specifying `--format='%(objectname)'`, but + for both this option and that exact format the command takes a + hand-optimized codepath instead of going through the generic + formatting mechanism. --abbrev[=<n>]:: Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object @@ -74,6 +83,16 @@ OPTIONS Do not limit the listing to the current working directory. Implies --full-name. +--format=<format>:: + A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from the result + being shown. It also interpolates `%%` to `%`, and + `%xx` where `xx` are hex digits interpolates to character + with hex code `xx`; for example `%00` interpolates to + `\0` (NUL), `%09` to `\t` (TAB) and `%0a` to `\n` (LF). + When specified, `--format` cannot be combined with other + format-altering options, including `--long`, `--name-only` + and `--object-only`. + [<path>...]:: When paths are given, show them (note that this isn't really raw pathnames, but rather a list of patterns to match). Otherwise @@ -82,16 +101,29 @@ OPTIONS Output Format ------------- - <mode> SP <type> SP <object> TAB <file> + +The output format of `ls-tree` is determined by either the `--format` +option, or other format-altering options such as `--name-only` etc. +(see `--format` above). + +The use of certain `--format` directives is equivalent to using those +options, but invoking the full formatting machinery can be slower than +using an appropriate formatting option. + +In cases where the `--format` would exactly map to an existing option +`ls-tree` will use the appropriate faster path. Thus the default format +is equivalent to: + + %(objectmode) %(objecttype) %(objectname)%x09%(path) This output format is compatible with what `--index-info --stdin` of 'git update-index' expects. When the `-l` option is used, format changes to - <mode> SP <type> SP <object> SP <object size> TAB <file> + %(objectmode) %(objecttype) %(objectname) %(objectsize:padded)%x09%(path) -Object size identified by <object> is given in bytes, and right-justified +Object size identified by <objectname> is given in bytes, and right-justified with minimum width of 7 characters. Object size is given only for blobs (file) entries; for other entries `-` character is used in place of size. @@ -100,6 +132,34 @@ quoted as explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath` (see linkgit:git-config[1]). Using `-z` the filename is output verbatim and the line is terminated by a NUL byte. +Customized format: + +It is possible to print in a custom format by using the `--format` option, +which is able to interpolate different fields using a `%(fieldname)` notation. +For example, if you only care about the "objectname" and "path" fields, you +can execute with a specific "--format" like + + git ls-tree --format='%(objectname) %(path)' <tree-ish> + +FIELD NAMES +----------- + +Various values from structured fields can be used to interpolate +into the resulting output. For each outputing line, the following +names can be used: + +objectmode:: + The mode of the object. +objecttype:: + The type of the object (`commit`, `blob` or `tree`). +objectname:: + The name of the object. +objectsize[:padded]:: + The size of a `blob` object ("-" if it's a `commit` or `tree`). + It also supports a padded format of size with "%(objectsize:padded)". +path:: + The pathname of the object. + GIT --- Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt b/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt index e2cfb68..e56bad2 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-maintenance.txt @@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git maintenance' run [<options>] +'git maintenance' start [--scheduler=<scheduler>] +'git maintenance' (stop|register|unregister) DESCRIPTION @@ -29,6 +31,24 @@ Git repository. SUBCOMMANDS ----------- +run:: + Run one or more maintenance tasks. If one or more `--task` options + are specified, then those tasks are run in that order. Otherwise, + the tasks are determined by which `maintenance.<task>.enabled` + config options are true. By default, only `maintenance.gc.enabled` + is true. + +start:: + Start running maintenance on the current repository. This performs + the same config updates as the `register` subcommand, then updates + the background scheduler to run `git maintenance run --scheduled` + on an hourly basis. + +stop:: + Halt the background maintenance schedule. The current repository + is not removed from the list of maintained repositories, in case + the background maintenance is restarted later. + register:: Initialize Git config values so any scheduled maintenance will start running on this repository. This adds the repository to the @@ -55,24 +75,6 @@ task: setting `maintenance.auto = false` in the current repository. This config setting will remain after a `git maintenance unregister` command. -run:: - Run one or more maintenance tasks. If one or more `--task` options - are specified, then those tasks are run in that order. Otherwise, - the tasks are determined by which `maintenance.<task>.enabled` - config options are true. By default, only `maintenance.gc.enabled` - is true. - -start:: - Start running maintenance on the current repository. This performs - the same config updates as the `register` subcommand, then updates - the background scheduler to run `git maintenance run --scheduled` - on an hourly basis. - -stop:: - Halt the background maintenance schedule. The current repository - is not removed from the list of maintained repositories, in case - the background maintenance is restarted later. - unregister:: Remove the current repository from background maintenance. This only removes the repository from the configured list. It does not diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt index 27fe2b3..76b44f4 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ OPTIONS --batch:: Allow building of more than one tree object before exiting. Each - tree is separated by as single blank line. The final new-line is + tree is separated by a single blank line. The final new-line is optional. Note - if the `-z` option is used, lines are terminated with NUL. diff --git a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt index 5cb0eb0..ec8a27c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-name-rev.txt @@ -42,11 +42,37 @@ OPTIONS --all:: List all commits reachable from all refs ---stdin:: +--annotate-stdin:: Transform stdin by substituting all the 40-character SHA-1 hexes (say $hex) with "$hex ($rev_name)". When used with --name-only, substitute with "$rev_name", omitting $hex - altogether. Intended for the scripter's use. + altogether. ++ +For example: ++ +----------- +$ cat sample.txt + +An abbreviated revision 2ae0a9cb82 will not be substituted. +The full name after substitution is 2ae0a9cb8298185a94e5998086f380a355dd8907, +while its tree object is 70d105cc79e63b81cfdcb08a15297c23e60b07ad + +$ git name-rev --annotate-stdin <sample.txt + +An abbreviated revision 2ae0a9cb82 will not be substituted. +The full name after substitution is 2ae0a9cb8298185a94e5998086f380a355dd8907 (master), +while its tree object is 70d105cc79e63b81cfdcb08a15297c23e60b07ad + +$ git name-rev --name-only --annotate-stdin <sample.txt + +An abbreviated revision 2ae0a9cb82 will not be substituted. +The full name after substitution is master, +while its tree object is 70d105cc79e63b81cfdcb08a15297c23e60b07ad +----------- + +--stdin:: + This option is deprecated in favor of 'git name-rev --annotate-stdin'. + They are functionally equivalent. --name-only:: Instead of printing both the SHA-1 and the name, print only diff --git a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt index 8c3aceb..a5356a2 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt @@ -375,9 +375,14 @@ have finished your work-in-progress), attempt the merge again. SPARSE CHECKOUT --------------- +Note: The `update-index` and `read-tree` primitives for supporting the +skip-worktree bit predated the introduction of +linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1]. Users are encouraged to use +`sparse-checkout` in preference to these low-level primitives. + "Sparse checkout" allows populating the working directory sparsely. -It uses the skip-worktree bit (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]) to tell -Git whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. +It uses the skip-worktree bit (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]) to +tell Git whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. 'git read-tree' and other merge-based commands ('git merge', 'git checkout'...) can help maintaining the skip-worktree bitmap and working @@ -385,7 +390,8 @@ directory update. `$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout` is used to define the skip-worktree reference bitmap. When 'git read-tree' needs to update the working directory, it resets the skip-worktree bit in the index based on this file, which uses the same syntax as .gitignore files. -If an entry matches a pattern in this file, skip-worktree will not be +If an entry matches a pattern in this file, or the entry corresponds to +a file present in the working tree, then skip-worktree will not be set on that entry. Otherwise, skip-worktree will be set. Then it compares the new skip-worktree value with the previous one. If @@ -420,8 +426,8 @@ support. SEE ALSO -------- -linkgit:git-write-tree[1]; linkgit:git-ls-files[1]; -linkgit:gitignore[5]; linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1]; +linkgit:git-write-tree[1], linkgit:git-ls-files[1], +linkgit:gitignore[5], linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] GIT --- diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt index 2bebc32..cde9614 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [verse] 'git remote' [-v | --verbose] 'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--[no-]tags] [--mirror=(fetch|push)] <name> <URL> -'git remote rename' <old> <new> +'git remote rename' [--[no-]progress] <old> <new> 'git remote remove' <name> 'git remote set-head' <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | <branch>) 'git remote set-branches' [--add] <name> <branch>... diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt index 6f7685f..01cb4c9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt @@ -105,10 +105,11 @@ OPTIONS -q:: --quiet:: ---no-quiet:: - Be quiet, only report errors. The default behavior is set by the - `reset.quiet` config option. `--quiet` and `--no-quiet` will - override the default behavior. + Be quiet, only report errors. + +--refresh:: +--no-refresh:: + Refresh the index after a mixed reset. Enabled by default. --pathspec-from-file=<file>:: Pathspec is passed in `<file>` instead of commandline args. If diff --git a/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt index b81dbe0..88e55f4 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt @@ -3,9 +3,7 @@ git-sparse-checkout(1) NAME ---- -git-sparse-checkout - Initialize and modify the sparse-checkout -configuration, which reduces the checkout to a set of paths -given by a list of patterns. +git-sparse-checkout - Reduce your working tree to a subset of tracked files SYNOPSIS @@ -17,8 +15,20 @@ SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ----------- -Initialize and modify the sparse-checkout configuration, which reduces -the checkout to a set of paths given by a list of patterns. +This command is used to create sparse checkouts, which means that it +changes the working tree from having all tracked files present, to only +have a subset of them. It can also switch which subset of files are +present, or undo and go back to having all tracked files present in the +working copy. + +The subset of files is chosen by providing a list of directories in +cone mode (which is recommended), or by providing a list of patterns +in non-cone mode. + +When in a sparse-checkout, other Git commands behave a bit differently. +For example, switching branches will not update paths outside the +sparse-checkout directories/patterns, and `git commit -a` will not record +paths outside the sparse-checkout directories/patterns as deleted. THIS COMMAND IS EXPERIMENTAL. ITS BEHAVIOR, AND THE BEHAVIOR OF OTHER COMMANDS IN THE PRESENCE OF SPARSE-CHECKOUTS, WILL LIKELY CHANGE IN @@ -28,30 +38,44 @@ THE FUTURE. COMMANDS -------- 'list':: - Describe the patterns in the sparse-checkout file. + Describe the directories or patterns in the sparse-checkout file. 'set':: - Enable the necessary config settings - (extensions.worktreeConfig, core.sparseCheckout, - core.sparseCheckoutCone) if they are not already enabled, and - write a set of patterns to the sparse-checkout file from the + Enable the necessary sparse-checkout config settings + (`core.sparseCheckout`, `core.sparseCheckoutCone`, and + `index.sparse`) if they are not already set to the desired values, + and write a set of patterns to the sparse-checkout file from the list of arguments following the 'set' subcommand. Update the working directory to match the new patterns. + -When the `--stdin` option is provided, the patterns are read from -standard in as a newline-delimited list instead of from the arguments. +To ensure that adjusting the sparse-checkout settings within a worktree +does not alter the sparse-checkout settings in other worktrees, the 'set' +subcommand will upgrade your repository config to use worktree-specific +config if not already present. The sparsity defined by the arguments to +the 'set' subcommand are stored in the worktree-specific sparse-checkout +file. See linkgit:git-worktree[1] and the documentation of +`extensions.worktreeConfig` in linkgit:git-config[1] for more details. ++ +When the `--stdin` option is provided, the directories or patterns are +read from standard in as a newline-delimited list instead of from the +arguments. + When `--cone` is passed or `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled, the -input list is considered a list of directories instead of -sparse-checkout patterns. This allows for better performance with a -limited set of patterns (see 'CONE PATTERN SET' below). Note that the -set command will write patterns to the sparse-checkout file to include -all files contained in those directories (recursively) as well as -files that are siblings of ancestor directories. The input format -matches the output of `git ls-tree --name-only`. This includes -interpreting pathnames that begin with a double quote (") as C-style -quoted strings. This may become the default in the future; --no-cone -can be passed to request non-cone mode. +input list is considered a list of directories. This allows for +better performance with a limited set of patterns (see 'CONE PATTERN +SET' below). The input format matches the output of `git ls-tree +--name-only`. This includes interpreting pathnames that begin with a +double quote (") as C-style quoted strings. Note that the set command +will write patterns to the sparse-checkout file to include all files +contained in those directories (recursively) as well as files that are +siblings of ancestor directories. This may become the default in the +future; --no-cone can be passed to request non-cone mode. ++ +When `--no-cone` is passed or `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is not enabled, +the input list is considered a list of patterns. This mode is harder +to use and less performant, and is thus not recommended. See the +"Sparse Checkout" section of linkgit:git-read-tree[1] and the "Pattern +Set" sections below for more details. + Use the `--[no-]sparse-index` option to use a sparse index (the default is to not use it). A sparse index reduces the size of the @@ -69,11 +93,10 @@ understand the sparse directory entries index extension and may fail to interact with your repository until it is disabled. 'add':: - Update the sparse-checkout file to include additional patterns. - By default, these patterns are read from the command-line arguments, - but they can be read from stdin using the `--stdin` option. When - `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled, the given patterns are interpreted - as directory names as in the 'set' subcommand. + Update the sparse-checkout file to include additional directories + (in cone mode) or patterns (in non-cone mode). By default, these + directories or patterns are read from the command-line arguments, + but they can be read from stdin using the `--stdin` option. 'reapply':: Reapply the sparsity pattern rules to paths in the working tree. @@ -117,13 +140,14 @@ decreased in utility. SPARSE CHECKOUT --------------- -"Sparse checkout" allows populating the working directory sparsely. -It uses the skip-worktree bit (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]) to tell -Git whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. If -the skip-worktree bit is set, then the file is ignored in the working -directory. Git will avoid populating the contents of those files, which -makes a sparse checkout helpful when working in a repository with many -files, but only a few are important to the current user. +"Sparse checkout" allows populating the working directory sparsely. It +uses the skip-worktree bit (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]) to tell Git +whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. If the +skip-worktree bit is set, and the file is not present in the working tree, +then its absence is ignored. Git will avoid populating the contents of +those files, which makes a sparse checkout helpful when working in a +repository with many files, but only a few are important to the current +user. The `$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout` file is used to define the skip-worktree reference bitmap. When Git updates the working diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt index 7e5f995..4d3ab6b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt @@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ If you really want to remove a submodule from the repository and commit that use linkgit:git-rm[1] instead. See linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for removal options. -update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [--[no-]recommend-shallow] [-f|--force] [--checkout|--rebase|--merge] [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--jobs <n>] [--[no-]single-branch] [--] [<path>...]:: +update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [--[no-]recommend-shallow] [-f|--force] [--checkout|--rebase|--merge] [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--jobs <n>] [--[no-]single-branch] [--filter <filter spec>] [--] [<path>...]:: + -- Update the registered submodules to match what the superproject @@ -177,6 +177,10 @@ submodule with the `--init` option. If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the registered submodules, and update any nested submodules within. + +If `--filter <filter spec>` is specified, the given partial clone filter will be +applied to the submodule. See linkgit:git-rev-list[1] for details on filter +specifications. -- set-branch (-b|--branch) <branch> [--] <path>:: set-branch (-d|--default) [--] <path>:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt index 2853f16..5ea2f2c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt @@ -351,6 +351,10 @@ unchanged". Note that "assume unchanged" bit is *not* set if the index (use `git update-index --really-refresh` if you want to mark them as "assume unchanged"). +Sometimes users confuse the assume-unchanged bit with the +skip-worktree bit. See the final paragraph in the "Skip-worktree bit" +section below for an explanation of the differences. + EXAMPLES -------- @@ -392,22 +396,47 @@ M foo.c SKIP-WORKTREE BIT ----------------- -Skip-worktree bit can be defined in one (long) sentence: When reading -an entry, if it is marked as skip-worktree, then Git pretends its -working directory version is up to date and read the index version -instead. - -To elaborate, "reading" means checking for file existence, reading -file attributes or file content. The working directory version may be -present or absent. If present, its content may match against the index -version or not. Writing is not affected by this bit, content safety -is still first priority. Note that Git _can_ update working directory -file, that is marked skip-worktree, if it is safe to do so (i.e. -working directory version matches index version) +Skip-worktree bit can be defined in one (long) sentence: Tell git to +avoid writing the file to the working directory when reasonably +possible, and treat the file as unchanged when it is not +present in the working directory. + +Note that not all git commands will pay attention to this bit, and +some only partially support it. + +The update-index flags and the read-tree capabilities relating to the +skip-worktree bit predated the introduction of the +linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] command, which provides a much easier +way to configure and handle the skip-worktree bits. If you want to +reduce your working tree to only deal with a subset of the files in +the repository, we strongly encourage the use of +linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] in preference to the low-level +update-index and read-tree primitives. + +The primary purpose of the skip-worktree bit is to enable sparse +checkouts, i.e. to have working directories with only a subset of +paths present. When the skip-worktree bit is set, Git commands (such +as `switch`, `pull`, `merge`) will avoid writing these files. +However, these commands will sometimes write these files anyway in +important cases such as conflicts during a merge or rebase. Git +commands will also avoid treating the lack of such files as an +intentional deletion; for example `git add -u` will not not stage a +deletion for these files and `git commit -a` will not make a commit +deleting them either. Although this bit looks similar to assume-unchanged bit, its goal is -different from assume-unchanged bit's. Skip-worktree also takes -precedence over assume-unchanged bit when both are set. +different. The assume-unchanged bit is for leaving the file in the +working tree but having Git omit checking it for changes and presuming +that the file has not been changed (though if it can determine without +stat'ing the file that it has changed, it is free to record the +changes). skip-worktree tells Git to ignore the absence of the file, +avoid updating it when possible with commands that normally update +much of the working directory (e.g. `checkout`, `switch`, `pull`, +etc.), and not have its absence be recorded in commits. Note that in +sparse checkouts (setup by `git sparse-checkout` or by configuring +core.sparseCheckout to true), if a file is marked as skip-worktree in +the index but is found in the working tree, Git will clear the +skip-worktree bit for that file. SPLIT INDEX ----------- @@ -498,7 +527,9 @@ FILE SYSTEM MONITOR This feature is intended to speed up git operations for repos that have large working directories. -It enables git to work together with a file system monitor (see the +It enables git to work together with a file system monitor (see +linkgit:git-fsmonitor{litdd}daemon[1] +and the "fsmonitor-watchman" section of linkgit:githooks[5]) that can inform it as to what files have been modified. This enables git to avoid having to lstat() every file to find modified files. @@ -509,8 +540,8 @@ looking for new files. If you want to enable (or disable) this feature, it is easier to use the `core.fsmonitor` configuration variable (see -linkgit:git-config[1]) than using the `--fsmonitor` option to -`git update-index` in each repository, especially if you want to do so +linkgit:git-config[1]) than using the `--fsmonitor` option to `git +update-index` in each repository, especially if you want to do so across all repositories you use, because you can set the configuration variable in your `$HOME/.gitconfig` just once and have it affect all repositories you touch. diff --git a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt index 9e862fb..ada30c8 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [--checkout] [--lock [--reason <string>]] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<commit-ish>] -'git worktree list' [-v | --porcelain] +'git worktree list' [-v | --porcelain [-z]] 'git worktree lock' [--reason <string>] <worktree> 'git worktree move' <worktree> <new-path> 'git worktree prune' [-n] [-v] [--expire <expire>] @@ -25,45 +25,49 @@ Manage multiple working trees attached to the same repository. A git repository can support multiple working trees, allowing you to check out more than one branch at a time. With `git worktree add` a new working -tree is associated with the repository. This new working tree is called a -"linked working tree" as opposed to the "main working tree" prepared by -linkgit:git-init[1] or linkgit:git-clone[1]. -A repository has one main working tree (if it's not a -bare repository) and zero or more linked working trees. When you are done -with a linked working tree, remove it with `git worktree remove`. +tree is associated with the repository, along with additional metadata +that differentiates that working tree from others in the same repository. +The working tree, along with this metadata, is called a "worktree". + +This new worktree is called a "linked worktree" as opposed to the "main +worktree" prepared by linkgit:git-init[1] or linkgit:git-clone[1]. +A repository has one main worktree (if it's not a bare repository) and +zero or more linked worktrees. When you are done with a linked worktree, +remove it with `git worktree remove`. In its simplest form, `git worktree add <path>` automatically creates a new branch whose name is the final component of `<path>`, which is convenient if you plan to work on a new topic. For instance, `git worktree add ../hotfix` creates new branch `hotfix` and checks it out at -path `../hotfix`. To instead work on an existing branch in a new working -tree, use `git worktree add <path> <branch>`. On the other hand, if you -just plan to make some experimental changes or do testing without -disturbing existing development, it is often convenient to create a -'throwaway' working tree not associated with any branch. For instance, -`git worktree add -d <path>` creates a new working tree with a detached -`HEAD` at the same commit as the current branch. +path `../hotfix`. To instead work on an existing branch in a new worktree, +use `git worktree add <path> <branch>`. On the other hand, if you just +plan to make some experimental changes or do testing without disturbing +existing development, it is often convenient to create a 'throwaway' +worktree not associated with any branch. For instance, +`git worktree add -d <path>` creates a new worktree with a detached `HEAD` +at the same commit as the current branch. If a working tree is deleted without using `git worktree remove`, then its associated administrative files, which reside in the repository (see "DETAILS" below), will eventually be removed automatically (see `gc.worktreePruneExpire` in linkgit:git-config[1]), or you can run -`git worktree prune` in the main or any linked working tree to -clean up any stale administrative files. +`git worktree prune` in the main or any linked worktree to clean up any +stale administrative files. -If a linked working tree is stored on a portable device or network share -which is not always mounted, you can prevent its administrative files from -being pruned by issuing the `git worktree lock` command, optionally -specifying `--reason` to explain why the working tree is locked. +If the working tree for a linked worktree is stored on a portable device +or network share which is not always mounted, you can prevent its +administrative files from being pruned by issuing the `git worktree lock` +command, optionally specifying `--reason` to explain why the worktree is +locked. COMMANDS -------- add <path> [<commit-ish>]:: -Create `<path>` and checkout `<commit-ish>` into it. The new working directory -is linked to the current repository, sharing everything except working -directory specific files such as `HEAD`, `index`, etc. As a convenience, -`<commit-ish>` may be a bare "`-`", which is synonymous with `@{-1}`. +Create a worktree at `<path>` and checkout `<commit-ish>` into it. The new worktree +is linked to the current repository, sharing everything except per-worktree +files such as `HEAD`, `index`, etc. As a convenience, `<commit-ish>` may +be a bare "`-`", which is synonymous with `@{-1}`. + If `<commit-ish>` is a branch name (call it `<branch>`) and is not found, and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor `--detach` are used, but there does @@ -84,100 +88,97 @@ branches from there if `<branch>` is ambiguous but exists on the linkgit:git-config[1]. + If `<commit-ish>` is omitted and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor `--detach` used, -then, as a convenience, the new working tree is associated with a branch -(call it `<branch>`) named after `$(basename <path>)`. If `<branch>` -doesn't exist, a new branch based on `HEAD` is automatically created as -if `-b <branch>` was given. If `<branch>` does exist, it will be -checked out in the new working tree, if it's not checked out anywhere -else, otherwise the command will refuse to create the working tree (unless -`--force` is used). +then, as a convenience, the new worktree is associated with a branch (call +it `<branch>`) named after `$(basename <path>)`. If `<branch>` doesn't +exist, a new branch based on `HEAD` is automatically created as if +`-b <branch>` was given. If `<branch>` does exist, it will be checked out +in the new worktree, if it's not checked out anywhere else, otherwise the +command will refuse to create the worktree (unless `--force` is used). list:: -List details of each working tree. The main working tree is listed first, -followed by each of the linked working trees. The output details include -whether the working tree is bare, the revision currently checked out, the +List details of each worktree. The main worktree is listed first, +followed by each of the linked worktrees. The output details include +whether the worktree is bare, the revision currently checked out, the branch currently checked out (or "detached HEAD" if none), "locked" if -the worktree is locked, "prunable" if the worktree can be pruned by `prune` -command. +the worktree is locked, "prunable" if the worktree can be pruned by the +`prune` command. lock:: -If a working tree is on a portable device or network share which -is not always mounted, lock it to prevent its administrative -files from being pruned automatically. This also prevents it from -being moved or deleted. Optionally, specify a reason for the lock -with `--reason`. +If a worktree is on a portable device or network share which is not always +mounted, lock it to prevent its administrative files from being pruned +automatically. This also prevents it from being moved or deleted. +Optionally, specify a reason for the lock with `--reason`. move:: -Move a working tree to a new location. Note that the main working tree -or linked working trees containing submodules cannot be moved with this -command. (The `git worktree repair` command, however, can reestablish -the connection with linked working trees if you move the main working -tree manually.) +Move a worktree to a new location. Note that the main worktree or linked +worktrees containing submodules cannot be moved with this command. (The +`git worktree repair` command, however, can reestablish the connection +with linked worktrees if you move the main worktree manually.) prune:: -Prune working tree information in `$GIT_DIR/worktrees`. +Prune worktree information in `$GIT_DIR/worktrees`. remove:: -Remove a working tree. Only clean working trees (no untracked files -and no modification in tracked files) can be removed. Unclean working -trees or ones with submodules can be removed with `--force`. The main -working tree cannot be removed. +Remove a worktree. Only clean worktrees (no untracked files and no +modification in tracked files) can be removed. Unclean worktrees or ones +with submodules can be removed with `--force`. The main worktree cannot be +removed. repair [<path>...]:: -Repair working tree administrative files, if possible, if they have -become corrupted or outdated due to external factors. +Repair worktree administrative files, if possible, if they have become +corrupted or outdated due to external factors. + -For instance, if the main working tree (or bare repository) is moved, -linked working trees will be unable to locate it. Running `repair` in -the main working tree will reestablish the connection from linked -working trees back to the main working tree. +For instance, if the main worktree (or bare repository) is moved, linked +worktrees will be unable to locate it. Running `repair` in the main +worktree will reestablish the connection from linked worktrees back to the +main worktree. + -Similarly, if a linked working tree is moved without using `git worktree -move`, the main working tree (or bare repository) will be unable to -locate it. Running `repair` within the recently-moved working tree will -reestablish the connection. If multiple linked working trees are moved, -running `repair` from any working tree with each tree's new `<path>` as -an argument, will reestablish the connection to all the specified paths. +Similarly, if the working tree for a linked worktree is moved without +using `git worktree move`, the main worktree (or bare repository) will be +unable to locate it. Running `repair` within the recently-moved worktree +will reestablish the connection. If multiple linked worktrees are moved, +running `repair` from any worktree with each tree's new `<path>` as an +argument, will reestablish the connection to all the specified paths. + -If both the main working tree and linked working trees have been moved -manually, then running `repair` in the main working tree and specifying the -new `<path>` of each linked working tree will reestablish all connections -in both directions. +If both the main worktree and linked worktrees have been moved manually, +then running `repair` in the main worktree and specifying the new `<path>` +of each linked worktree will reestablish all connections in both +directions. unlock:: -Unlock a working tree, allowing it to be pruned, moved or deleted. +Unlock a worktree, allowing it to be pruned, moved or deleted. OPTIONS ------- -f:: --force:: - By default, `add` refuses to create a new working tree when + By default, `add` refuses to create a new worktree when `<commit-ish>` is a branch name and is already checked out by - another working tree, or if `<path>` is already assigned to some - working tree but is missing (for instance, if `<path>` was deleted + another worktree, or if `<path>` is already assigned to some + worktree but is missing (for instance, if `<path>` was deleted manually). This option overrides these safeguards. To add a missing but - locked working tree path, specify `--force` twice. + locked worktree path, specify `--force` twice. + -`move` refuses to move a locked working tree unless `--force` is specified -twice. If the destination is already assigned to some other working tree but is +`move` refuses to move a locked worktree unless `--force` is specified +twice. If the destination is already assigned to some other worktree but is missing (for instance, if `<new-path>` was deleted manually), then `--force` allows the move to proceed; use `--force` twice if the destination is locked. + -`remove` refuses to remove an unclean working tree unless `--force` is used. -To remove a locked working tree, specify `--force` twice. +`remove` refuses to remove an unclean worktree unless `--force` is used. +To remove a locked worktree, specify `--force` twice. -b <new-branch>:: -B <new-branch>:: With `add`, create a new branch named `<new-branch>` starting at - `<commit-ish>`, and check out `<new-branch>` into the new working tree. + `<commit-ish>`, and check out `<new-branch>` into the new worktree. If `<commit-ish>` is omitted, it defaults to `HEAD`. By default, `-b` refuses to create a new branch if it already exists. `-B` overrides this safeguard, resetting `<new-branch>` to @@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ To remove a locked working tree, specify `--force` twice. -d:: --detach:: - With `add`, detach `HEAD` in the new working tree. See "DETACHED HEAD" + With `add`, detach `HEAD` in the new worktree. See "DETACHED HEAD" in linkgit:git-checkout[1]. --[no-]checkout:: @@ -211,7 +212,7 @@ This can also be set up as the default behaviour by using the `--track` in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details. --lock:: - Keep the working tree locked after creation. This is the + Keep the worktree locked after creation. This is the equivalent of `git worktree lock` after `git worktree add`, but without a race condition. @@ -223,7 +224,14 @@ This can also be set up as the default behaviour by using the --porcelain:: With `list`, output in an easy-to-parse format for scripts. This format will remain stable across Git versions and regardless of user - configuration. See below for details. + configuration. It is recommended to combine this with `-z`. + See below for details. + +-z:: + Terminate each line with a NUL rather than a newline when + `--porcelain` is specified with `list`. This makes it possible + to parse the output when a worktree path contains a newline + character. -q:: --quiet:: @@ -236,43 +244,42 @@ This can also be set up as the default behaviour by using the With `list`, output additional information about worktrees (see below). --expire <time>:: - With `prune`, only expire unused working trees older than `<time>`. + With `prune`, only expire unused worktrees older than `<time>`. + -With `list`, annotate missing working trees as prunable if they are -older than `<time>`. +With `list`, annotate missing worktrees as prunable if they are older than +`<time>`. --reason <string>:: - With `lock` or with `add --lock`, an explanation why the working tree is locked. + With `lock` or with `add --lock`, an explanation why the worktree + is locked. <worktree>:: - Working trees can be identified by path, either relative or - absolute. + Worktrees can be identified by path, either relative or absolute. + -If the last path components in the working tree's path is unique among -working trees, it can be used to identify a working tree. For example if -you only have two working trees, at `/abc/def/ghi` and `/abc/def/ggg`, -then `ghi` or `def/ghi` is enough to point to the former working tree. +If the last path components in the worktree's path is unique among +worktrees, it can be used to identify a worktree. For example if you only +have two worktrees, at `/abc/def/ghi` and `/abc/def/ggg`, then `ghi` or +`def/ghi` is enough to point to the former worktree. REFS ---- -In multiple working trees, some refs may be shared between all working -trees and some refs are local. One example is `HEAD` which is different for each -working tree. This section is about the sharing rules and how to access -refs of one working tree from another. - -In general, all pseudo refs are per working tree and all refs starting -with `refs/` are shared. Pseudo refs are ones like `HEAD` which are -directly under `$GIT_DIR` instead of inside `$GIT_DIR/refs`. There are -exceptions, however: refs inside `refs/bisect` and `refs/worktree` are not -shared. - -Refs that are per working tree can still be accessed from another -working tree via two special paths, `main-worktree` and `worktrees`. The -former gives access to per-working tree refs of the main working tree, -while the latter to all linked working trees. +When using multiple worktrees, some refs are shared between all worktrees, +but others are specific to an individual worktree. One example is `HEAD`, +which is different for each worktree. This section is about the sharing +rules and how to access refs of one worktree from another. + +In general, all pseudo refs are per-worktree and all refs starting with +`refs/` are shared. Pseudo refs are ones like `HEAD` which are directly +under `$GIT_DIR` instead of inside `$GIT_DIR/refs`. There are exceptions, +however: refs inside `refs/bisect` and `refs/worktree` are not shared. + +Refs that are per-worktree can still be accessed from another worktree via +two special paths, `main-worktree` and `worktrees`. The former gives +access to per-worktree refs of the main worktree, while the latter to all +linked worktrees. For example, `main-worktree/HEAD` or `main-worktree/refs/bisect/good` -resolve to the same value as the main working tree's `HEAD` and +resolve to the same value as the main worktree's `HEAD` and `refs/bisect/good` respectively. Similarly, `worktrees/foo/HEAD` or `worktrees/bar/refs/bisect/bad` are the same as `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/worktrees/foo/HEAD` and @@ -284,13 +291,13 @@ which will handle refs correctly. CONFIGURATION FILE ------------------ -By default, the repository `config` file is shared across all working -trees. If the config variables `core.bare` or `core.worktree` are -already present in the config file, they will be applied to the main -working trees only. +By default, the repository `config` file is shared across all worktrees. +If the config variables `core.bare` or `core.worktree` are present in the +common config file and `extensions.worktreeConfig` is disabled, then they +will be applied to the main worktree only. -In order to have configuration specific to working trees, you can turn -on the `worktreeConfig` extension, e.g.: +In order to have worktree-specific configuration, you can turn on the +`worktreeConfig` extension, e.g.: ------------ $ git config extensions.worktreeConfig true @@ -303,40 +310,45 @@ versions will refuse to access repositories with this extension. Note that in this file, the exception for `core.bare` and `core.worktree` is gone. If they exist in `$GIT_DIR/config`, you must move -them to the `config.worktree` of the main working tree. You may also -take this opportunity to review and move other configuration that you -do not want to share to all working trees: +them to the `config.worktree` of the main worktree. You may also take this +opportunity to review and move other configuration that you do not want to +share to all worktrees: + + - `core.worktree` should never be shared. + + - `core.bare` should not be shared if the value is `core.bare=true`. - - `core.worktree` and `core.bare` should never be shared + - `core.sparseCheckout` should not be shared, unless you are sure you + always use sparse checkout for all worktrees. - - `core.sparseCheckout` is recommended per working tree, unless you - are sure you always use sparse checkout for all working trees. +See the documentation of `extensions.worktreeConfig` in +linkgit:git-config[1] for more details. DETAILS ------- -Each linked working tree has a private sub-directory in the repository's +Each linked worktree has a private sub-directory in the repository's `$GIT_DIR/worktrees` directory. The private sub-directory's name is usually -the base name of the linked working tree's path, possibly appended with a +the base name of the linked worktree's path, possibly appended with a number to make it unique. For example, when `$GIT_DIR=/path/main/.git` the command `git worktree add /path/other/test-next next` creates the linked -working tree in `/path/other/test-next` and also creates a +worktree in `/path/other/test-next` and also creates a `$GIT_DIR/worktrees/test-next` directory (or `$GIT_DIR/worktrees/test-next1` if `test-next` is already taken). -Within a linked working tree, `$GIT_DIR` is set to point to this private +Within a linked worktree, `$GIT_DIR` is set to point to this private directory (e.g. `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next` in the example) and -`$GIT_COMMON_DIR` is set to point back to the main working tree's `$GIT_DIR` +`$GIT_COMMON_DIR` is set to point back to the main worktree's `$GIT_DIR` (e.g. `/path/main/.git`). These settings are made in a `.git` file located at -the top directory of the linked working tree. +the top directory of the linked worktree. Path resolution via `git rev-parse --git-path` uses either `$GIT_DIR` or `$GIT_COMMON_DIR` depending on the path. For example, in the -linked working tree `git rev-parse --git-path HEAD` returns +linked worktree `git rev-parse --git-path HEAD` returns `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/HEAD` (not `/path/other/test-next/.git/HEAD` or `/path/main/.git/HEAD`) while `git rev-parse --git-path refs/heads/master` uses `$GIT_COMMON_DIR` and returns `/path/main/.git/refs/heads/master`, -since refs are shared across all working trees, except `refs/bisect` and +since refs are shared across all worktrees, except `refs/bisect` and `refs/worktree`. See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] for more information. The rule of @@ -344,8 +356,8 @@ thumb is do not make any assumption about whether a path belongs to `$GIT_DIR` or `$GIT_COMMON_DIR` when you need to directly access something inside `$GIT_DIR`. Use `git rev-parse --git-path` to get the final path. -If you manually move a linked working tree, you need to update the `gitdir` file -in the entry's directory. For example, if a linked working tree is moved +If you manually move a linked worktree, you need to update the `gitdir` file +in the entry's directory. For example, if a linked worktree is moved to `/newpath/test-next` and its `.git` file points to `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next`, then update `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/gitdir` to reference `/newpath/test-next` @@ -354,10 +366,10 @@ automatically. To prevent a `$GIT_DIR/worktrees` entry from being pruned (which can be useful in some situations, such as when the -entry's working tree is stored on a portable device), use the +entry's worktree is stored on a portable device), use the `git worktree lock` command, which adds a file named `locked` to the entry's directory. The file contains the reason in -plain text. For example, if a linked working tree's `.git` file points +plain text. For example, if a linked worktree's `.git` file points to `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next` then a file named `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/locked` will prevent the `test-next` entry from being pruned. See @@ -378,11 +390,11 @@ $ git worktree list /path/to/other-linked-worktree 1234abc (detached HEAD) ------------ -The command also shows annotations for each working tree, according to its state. +The command also shows annotations for each worktree, according to its state. These annotations are: - * `locked`, if the working tree is locked. - * `prunable`, if the working tree can be pruned via `git worktree prune`. + * `locked`, if the worktree is locked. + * `prunable`, if the worktree can be pruned via `git worktree prune`. ------------ $ git worktree list @@ -400,23 +412,24 @@ $ git worktree list --verbose /path/to/linked-worktree abcd1234 [master] /path/to/locked-worktree-no-reason abcd5678 (detached HEAD) locked /path/to/locked-worktree-with-reason 1234abcd (brancha) - locked: working tree path is mounted on a portable device + locked: worktree path is mounted on a portable device /path/to/prunable-worktree 5678abc1 (detached HEAD) prunable: gitdir file points to non-existent location ------------ Note that the annotation is moved to the next line if the additional information is available, otherwise it stays on the same line as the -working tree itself. +worktree itself. Porcelain Format ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -The porcelain format has a line per attribute. Attributes are listed with a +The porcelain format has a line per attribute. If `-z` is given then the lines +are terminated with NUL rather than a newline. Attributes are listed with a label and value separated by a single space. Boolean attributes (like `bare` and `detached`) are listed as a label only, and are present only if the value is true. Some attributes (like `locked`) can be listed as a label only or with a value depending upon whether a reason is available. The first -attribute of a working tree is always `worktree`, an empty line indicates the +attribute of a worktree is always `worktree`, an empty line indicates the end of the record. For example: ------------ @@ -449,7 +462,7 @@ prunable gitdir file points to non-existent location ------------ -If the lock reason contains "unusual" characters such as newline, they +Unless `-z` is used any "unusual" characters in the lock reason such as newlines are escaped and the entire reason is quoted as explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath` (see linkgit:git-config[1]). For Example: @@ -468,7 +481,7 @@ demands that you fix something immediately. You might typically use linkgit:git-stash[1] to store your changes away temporarily, however, your working tree is in such a state of disarray (with new, moved, and removed files, and other bits and pieces strewn around) that you don't want to risk -disturbing any of it. Instead, you create a temporary linked working tree to +disturbing any of it. Instead, you create a temporary linked worktree to make the emergency fix, remove it when done, and then resume your earlier refactoring session. diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt index 83fd4e1..4b36d51 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt @@ -160,11 +160,13 @@ unspecified. ^^^^^ This attribute sets a specific line-ending style to be used in the -working directory. It enables end-of-line conversion without any -content checks, effectively setting the `text` attribute. Note that -setting this attribute on paths which are in the index with CRLF line -endings may make the paths to be considered dirty. Adding the path to -the index again will normalize the line endings in the index. +working directory. This attribute has effect only if the `text` +attribute is set or unspecified, or if it is set to `auto`, the file is +detected as text, and it is stored with LF endings in the index. Note +that setting this attribute on paths which are in the index with CRLF +line endings may make the paths to be considered dirty unless +`text=auto` is set. Adding the path to the index again will normalize +the line endings in the index. Set to string value "crlf":: @@ -827,6 +829,8 @@ patterns are available: - `java` suitable for source code in the Java language. +- `kotlin` suitable for source code in the Kotlin language. + - `markdown` suitable for Markdown documents. - `matlab` suitable for source code in the MATLAB and Octave languages. diff --git a/Documentation/gitcli.txt b/Documentation/gitcli.txt index 92e4ba6..1819a5a 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitcli.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitcli.txt @@ -19,6 +19,15 @@ Many commands take revisions (most often "commits", but sometimes "tree-ish", depending on the context and command) and paths as their arguments. Here are the rules: + * Options come first and then args. + A subcommand may take dashed options (which may take their own + arguments, e.g. "--max-parents 2") and arguments. You SHOULD + give dashed options first and then arguments. Some commands may + accept dashed options after you have already gave non-option + arguments (which may make the command ambiguous), but you should + not rely on it (because eventually we may find a way to fix + these ambiguity by enforcing the "options then args" rule). + * Revisions come first and then paths. E.g. in `git diff v1.0 v2.0 arch/x86 include/asm-x86`, `v1.0` and `v2.0` are revisions and `arch/x86` and `include/asm-x86` @@ -72,24 +81,24 @@ you will. Here are the rules regarding the "flags" that you should follow when you are scripting Git: - * it's preferred to use the non-dashed form of Git commands, which means that + * It's preferred to use the non-dashed form of Git commands, which means that you should prefer `git foo` to `git-foo`. - * splitting short options to separate words (prefer `git foo -a -b` + * Splitting short options to separate words (prefer `git foo -a -b` to `git foo -ab`, the latter may not even work). - * when a command-line option takes an argument, use the 'stuck' form. In + * When a command-line option takes an argument, use the 'stuck' form. In other words, write `git foo -oArg` instead of `git foo -o Arg` for short options, and `git foo --long-opt=Arg` instead of `git foo --long-opt Arg` for long options. An option that takes optional option-argument must be written in the 'stuck' form. - * when you give a revision parameter to a command, make sure the parameter is + * When you give a revision parameter to a command, make sure the parameter is not ambiguous with a name of a file in the work tree. E.g. do not write `git log -1 HEAD` but write `git log -1 HEAD --`; the former will not work if you happen to have a file called `HEAD` in the work tree. - * many commands allow a long option `--option` to be abbreviated + * Many commands allow a long option `--option` to be abbreviated only to their unique prefix (e.g. if there is no other option whose name begins with `opt`, you may be able to spell `--opt` to invoke the `--option` flag), but you should fully spell them out diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt index b51959f..a16e62b 100644 --- a/Documentation/githooks.txt +++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt @@ -698,6 +698,10 @@ and "0" meaning they were not. Only one parameter should be set to "1" when the hook runs. The hook running passing "1", "1" should not be possible. +SEE ALSO +-------- +linkgit:git-hook[1] + GIT --- Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt index c077971..aa2f41f 100644 --- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt +++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt @@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ Pathspecs are used on the command line of "git ls-files", "git ls-tree", "git add", "git grep", "git diff", "git checkout", and many other commands to limit the scope of operations to some subset of the tree or -worktree. See the documentation of each command for whether +working tree. See the documentation of each command for whether paths are relative to the current directory or toplevel. The pathspec syntax is as follows: + @@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ exclude;; interface than the <<def_plumbing,plumbing>>. [[def_per_worktree_ref]]per-worktree ref:: - Refs that are per-<<def_working_tree,worktree>>, rather than + Refs that are per-<<def_worktree,worktree>>, rather than global. This is presently only <<def_HEAD,HEAD>> and any refs that start with `refs/bisect/`, but might later include other unusual refs. @@ -669,3 +669,12 @@ The most notable example is `HEAD`. The tree of actual checked out files. The working tree normally contains the contents of the <<def_HEAD,HEAD>> commit's tree, plus any local changes that you have made but not yet committed. + +[[def_worktree]]worktree:: + A repository can have zero (i.e. bare repository) or one or + more worktrees attached to it. One "worktree" consists of a + "working tree" and repository metadata, most of which are + shared among other worktrees of a single repository, and + some of which are maintained separately per worktree + (e.g. the index, HEAD and pseudorefs like MERGE_HEAD, + per-worktree refs and per-worktree configuration file). diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt index 43a86fa..fd4f4e2 100644 --- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt @@ -122,19 +122,27 @@ again. Equivalent forms are `--min-parents=0` (any commit has 0 or more parents) and `--max-parents=-1` (negative numbers denote no upper limit). --first-parent:: - Follow only the first parent commit upon seeing a merge - commit. This option can give a better overview when - viewing the evolution of a particular topic branch, - because merges into a topic branch tend to be only about - adjusting to updated upstream from time to time, and - this option allows you to ignore the individual commits - brought in to your history by such a merge. + When finding commits to include, follow only the first + parent commit upon seeing a merge commit. This option + can give a better overview when viewing the evolution of + a particular topic branch, because merges into a topic + branch tend to be only about adjusting to updated upstream + from time to time, and this option allows you to ignore + the individual commits brought in to your history by such + a merge. ifdef::git-log[] + This option also changes default diff format for merge commits to `first-parent`, see `--diff-merges=first-parent` for details. endif::git-log[] +--exclude-first-parent-only:: + When finding commits to exclude (with a '{caret}'), follow only + the first parent commit upon seeing a merge commit. + This can be used to find the set of changes in a topic branch + from the point where it diverged from the remote branch, given + that arbitrary merges can be valid topic branch changes. + --not:: Reverses the meaning of the '{caret}' prefix (or lack thereof) for all following revision specifiers, up to the next `--not`. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/bundle-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/bundle-format.txt index bac558d..b9be864 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/bundle-format.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/bundle-format.txt @@ -71,6 +71,11 @@ and the Git bundle v2 format cannot represent a shallow clone repository. == Capabilities Because there is no opportunity for negotiation, unknown capabilities cause 'git -bundle' to abort. The only known capability is `object-format`, which specifies -the hash algorithm in use, and can take the same values as the -`extensions.objectFormat` configuration value. +bundle' to abort. + +* `object-format` specifies the hash algorithm in use, and can take the same + values as the `extensions.objectFormat` configuration value. + +* `filter` specifies an object filter as in the `--filter` option in + linkgit:git-rev-list[1]. The resulting pack-file must be marked as a + `.promisor` pack-file after it is unbundled. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt index 87971c2..484b185 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ CHUNK DATA: 2 bits of the lowest byte, storing the 33rd and 34th bit of the commit time. - Generation Data (ID: {'G', 'D', 'A', 'T' }) (N * 4 bytes) [Optional] + Generation Data (ID: {'G', 'D', 'A', '2' }) (N * 4 bytes) [Optional] * This list of 4-byte values store corrected commit date offsets for the commits, arranged in the same order as commit data chunk. * If the corrected commit date offset cannot be stored within 31 bits, @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ CHUNK DATA: by compatible versions of Git and in case of split commit-graph chains, the topmost layer also has Generation Data chunk. - Generation Data Overflow (ID: {'G', 'D', 'O', 'V' }) [Optional] + Generation Data Overflow (ID: {'G', 'D', 'O', '2' }) [Optional] * This list of 8-byte values stores the corrected commit date offsets for commits with corrected commit date offsets that cannot be stored within 31 bits. @@ -156,3 +156,11 @@ CHUNK DATA: TRAILER: H-byte HASH-checksum of all of the above. + +== Historical Notes: + +The Generation Data (GDA2) and Generation Data Overflow (GDO2) chunks have +the number '2' in their chunk IDs because a previous version of Git wrote +possibly erroneous data in these chunks with the IDs "GDAT" and "GDOV". By +changing the IDs, newer versions of Git will silently ignore those older +chunks and write the new information without trusting the incorrect data. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt b/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt index b39c69d..f2221d2 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt @@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ and their offsets into multiple packfiles. It contains: ** An offset within the jth packfile for the object. * If large offsets are required, we use another list of large offsets similar to version 2 pack-indexes. +- An optional list of objects in pseudo-pack order (used with MIDX bitmaps). Thus, we can provide O(log N) lookup time for any number of packfiles. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt index 8d2f42f..6d3efb7 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt @@ -376,6 +376,11 @@ CHUNK DATA: [Optional] Object Large Offsets (ID: {'L', 'O', 'F', 'F'}) 8-byte offsets into large packfiles. + [Optional] Bitmap pack order (ID: {'R', 'I', 'D', 'X'}) + A list of MIDX positions (one per object in the MIDX, num_objects in + total, each a 4-byte unsigned integer in network byte order), sorted + according to their relative bitmap/pseudo-pack positions. + TRAILER: Index checksum of the above contents. @@ -456,9 +461,5 @@ In short, a MIDX's pseudo-pack is the de-duplicated concatenation of objects in packs stored by the MIDX, laid out in pack order, and the packs arranged in MIDX order (with the preferred pack coming first). -Finally, note that the MIDX's reverse index is not stored as a chunk in -the multi-pack-index itself. This is done because the reverse index -includes the checksum of the pack or MIDX to which it belongs, which -makes it impossible to write in the MIDX. To avoid races when rewriting -the MIDX, a MIDX reverse index includes the MIDX's checksum in its -filename (e.g., `multi-pack-index-xyz.rev`). +The MIDX's reverse index is stored in the optional 'RIDX' chunk within +the MIDX itself. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt b/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt index a0dd7c6..99f0eb3 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt @@ -181,6 +181,9 @@ Fetching Missing Objects currently fetches all objects referred to by the requested objects, even though they are not necessary. +- Fetching with `--refetch` will request a complete new filtered packfile from + the remote, which can be used to change a filter without needing to + dynamically fetch missing objects. Using many promisor remotes --------------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/technical/reftable.txt b/Documentation/technical/reftable.txt index d7c3b64..6a67cc4 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/reftable.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/reftable.txt @@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ Obj block format Object blocks are optional. Writers may choose to omit object blocks, especially if readers will not use the object name to ref mapping. -Object blocks use unique, abbreviated 2-32 object name keys, mapping to +Object blocks use unique, abbreviated 2-31 byte object name keys, mapping to ref blocks containing references pointing to that object directly, or as the peeled value of an annotated tag. Like ref blocks, object blocks use the file's standard block size. The abbreviation length is available in |