diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
62 files changed, 2636 insertions, 441 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile index d5d936e..26a2342 100644 --- a/Documentation/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/Makefile @@ -36,14 +36,19 @@ MAN7_TXT += gittutorial-2.txt MAN7_TXT += gittutorial.txt MAN7_TXT += gitworkflows.txt +ifdef MAN_FILTER +MAN_TXT = $(filter $(MAN_FILTER),$(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT)) +else MAN_TXT = $(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT) +MAN_FILTER = $(MAN_TXT) +endif + MAN_XML = $(patsubst %.txt,%.xml,$(MAN_TXT)) MAN_HTML = $(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(MAN_TXT)) GIT_MAN_REF = master OBSOLETE_HTML += everyday.html OBSOLETE_HTML += git-remote-helpers.html -DOC_HTML = $(MAN_HTML) $(OBSOLETE_HTML) ARTICLES += howto-index ARTICLES += git-tools @@ -89,11 +94,13 @@ TECH_DOCS += technical/trivial-merge SP_ARTICLES += $(TECH_DOCS) SP_ARTICLES += technical/api-index -DOC_HTML += $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES) $(SP_ARTICLES)) +ARTICLES_HTML += $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES) $(SP_ARTICLES)) +HTML_FILTER ?= $(ARTICLES_HTML) $(OBSOLETE_HTML) +DOC_HTML = $(MAN_HTML) $(filter $(HTML_FILTER),$(ARTICLES_HTML) $(OBSOLETE_HTML)) -DOC_MAN1 = $(patsubst %.txt,%.1,$(MAN1_TXT)) -DOC_MAN5 = $(patsubst %.txt,%.5,$(MAN5_TXT)) -DOC_MAN7 = $(patsubst %.txt,%.7,$(MAN7_TXT)) +DOC_MAN1 = $(patsubst %.txt,%.1,$(filter $(MAN_FILTER),$(MAN1_TXT))) +DOC_MAN5 = $(patsubst %.txt,%.5,$(filter $(MAN_FILTER),$(MAN5_TXT))) +DOC_MAN7 = $(patsubst %.txt,%.7,$(filter $(MAN_FILTER),$(MAN7_TXT))) prefix ?= $(HOME) bindir ?= $(prefix)/bin @@ -457,4 +464,9 @@ print-man1: lint-docs:: $(QUIET_LINT)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl +ifeq ($(wildcard po/Makefile),po/Makefile) +doc-l10n install-l10n:: + $(MAKE) -C po $@ +endif + .PHONY: FORCE diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.21.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.21.0.txt index ad681bd..7a49ded 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.21.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.21.0.txt @@ -4,19 +4,448 @@ Git 2.21 Release Notes Backward Compatibility Notes ---------------------------- + * Historically, the "-m" (mainline) option can only be used for "git + cherry-pick" and "git revert" when working with a merge commit. + This version of Git no longer warns or errors out when working with + a single-parent commit, as long as the argument to the "-m" option + is 1 (i.e. it has only one parent, and the request is to pick or + revert relative to that first parent). Scripts that relied on the + behaviour may get broken with this change. + Updates since v2.20 ------------------- UI, Workflows & Features + * The "http.version" configuration variable can be used with recent + enough versions of cURL library to force the version of HTTP used + to talk when fetching and pushing. + + * Small fixes and features for fast-export and fast-import, mostly on + the fast-export side has been made. + + * "git push $there $src:$dst" rejects when $dst is not a fully + qualified refname and it is not clear what the end user meant. The + codepath has been taught to give a clearer error message, and also + guess where the push should go by taking the type of the pushed + object into account (e.g. a tag object would want to go under + refs/tags/). + + * "git checkout [<tree-ish>] path..." learned to report the number of + paths that have been checked out of the index or the tree-ish, + which gives it the same degree of noisy-ness as the case in which + the command checks out a branch. "git checkout -m <pathspec>" to + undo conflict resolution gives a similar message. + + * "git quiltimport" learned "--keep-non-patch" option. + + * "git worktree remove" and "git worktree move" refused to work when + there is a submodule involved. This has been loosened to ignore + uninitialized submodules. + + * "git cherry-pick -m1" was forbidden when picking a non-merge + commit, even though there _is_ parent number 1 for such a commit. + This was done to avoid mistakes back when "cherry-pick" was about + picking a single commit, but is no longer useful with "cherry-pick" + that can pick a range of commits. Now the "-m$num" option is + allowed when picking any commit, as long as $num names an existing + parent of the commit. + + * Update "git multimail" from the upstream. + + * "git p4" update. + + * The "--format=<placeholder>" option of for-each-ref, branch and tag + learned to show a few more traits of objects that can be learned by + the object_info API. + + * "git rebase -i" learned to re-execute a command given with 'exec' + to run after it failed the last time. + + * "git diff --color-moved-ws" updates. + + * Custom userformat "log --format" learned %S atom that stands for + the tip the traversal reached the commit from, i.e. --source. + + * "git instaweb" learned to drive http.server that comes with + "batteries included" Python installation (both Python2 & 3). + + * A new encoding UTF-16LE-BOM has been invented to force encoding to + UTF-16 with BOM in little endian byte order, which cannot be directly + generated by using iconv. + + * A new date format "--date=human" that morphs its output depending + on how far the time is from the current time has been introduced. + "--date=auto:human" can be used to use this new format (or any + existing format) when the output is going to the pager or to the + terminal, and otherwise the default format. Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. + * Code clean-up with optimization for the codepath that checks + (non-)existence of loose objects. + + * More codepaths have become aware of working with in-core repository + instances other than the default "the_repository". + + * The "strncat()" function is now among the banned functions. + + * Portability updates for the HPE NonStop platform. + + * Earlier we added "-Wformat-security" to developer builds, assuming + that "-Wall" (which includes "-Wformat" which in turn is required + to use "-Wformat-security") is always in effect. This is not true + when config.mak.autogen is in use, unfortunately. This has been + fixed by unconditionally adding "-Wall" to developer builds. + + * The loose object cache used to optimize existence look-up has been + updated. + + * Flaky tests can now be repeatedly run under load with the + "--stress" option. + + * Documentation/Makefile is getting prepared for manpage + localization. + + * "git fetch-pack" now can talk the version 2 protocol. + + * sha-256 hash has been added and plumbed through the code to allow + building Git with the "NewHash". + + * Debugging help for http transport. + + * "git fetch --deepen=<more>" has been corrected to work over v2 + protocol. + + * The code to walk tree objects has been taught that we may be + working with object names that are not computed with SHA-1. + + * The in-core repository instances are passed through more codepaths. + + * Update the protocol message specification to allow only the limited + use of scaled quantities. This is to ensure potential compatibility + issues will not get out of hand. + + * Micro-optimize the code that prepares commit objects to be walked + by "git rev-list" when the commit-graph is available. + + * "git fetch" and "git upload-pack" learned to send all exchanges over + the sideband channel while talking the v2 protocol. + + * The codepath to write out commit-graph has been optimized by + following the usual pattern of visiting objects in in-pack order. + + * The codepath to show progress meter while writing out commit-graph + file has been improved. + + * Cocci rules have been updated to encourage use of strbuf_addbuf(). + + * "git rebase --merge" has been reimplemented by reusing the internal + machinery used for "git rebase -i". + + * More code in "git bisect" has been rewritten in C. + + * Instead of going through "git-rebase--am" scriptlet to use the "am" + backend, the built-in version of "git rebase" learned to drive the + "am" backend directly. + + * The assumption to work on the single "in-core index" instance has + been reduced from the library-ish part of the codebase. + + * The test lint learned to catch non-portable "sed" options. + + * "git pack-objects" learned another algorithm to compute the set of + objects to send, that trades the resulting packfile off to save + traversal cost to favor small pushes. + + * The travis CI scripts have been corrected to build Git with the + compiler(s) of our choice. + + * "git submodule update" learned to abort early when core.worktree + for the submodule is not set correctly to prevent spreading damage. + + * Test suite has been adjusted to run on Azure Pipeline. + + * Running "Documentation/doc-diff x" from anywhere other than the + top-level of the working tree did not show the usage string + correctly, which has been fixed. + + * Use of the sparse tool got easier to customize from the command + line to help developers. + + * A new target "coverage-prove" to run the coverage test under + "prove" has been added. + + * A flakey "p4" test has been removed. + + * The code and tests assume that the system supplied iconv() would + always use BOM in its output when asked to encode to UTF-16 (or + UTF-32), but apparently some implementations output big-endian + without BOM. A compile-time knob has been added to help such + systems (e.g. NonStop) to add BOM to the output to increase + portability. Fixes since v2.20 ----------------- + * Updates for corner cases in merge-recursive. + (merge cc4cb0902c en/merge-path-collision later to maint). + + * "git checkout frotz" (without any double-dash) avoids ambiguity by + making sure 'frotz' cannot be interpreted as a revision and as a + path at the same time. This safety has been updated to check also + a unique remote-tracking branch 'frotz' in a remote, when dwimming + to create a local branch 'frotz' out of a remote-tracking branch + 'frotz' from a remote. + (merge be4908f103 nd/checkout-dwim-fix later to maint). + + * Refspecs configured with "git -c var=val clone" did not propagate + to the resulting repository, which has been corrected. + (merge 7eae4a3ac4 sg/clone-initial-fetch-configuration later to maint). + + * A properly configured username/email is required under + user.useConfigOnly in order to create commits; now "git stash" + (even though it creates commit objects to represent stash entries) + command is exempt from the requirement. + (merge 3bc2111fc2 sd/stash-wo-user-name later to maint). + + * The http-backend CGI process did not correctly clean up the child + processes it spawns to run upload-pack etc. when it dies itself, + which has been corrected. + (merge 02818a98d7 mk/http-backend-kill-children-before-exit later to maint). + + * "git rev-list --exclude-promisor-objects" had to take an object + that does not exist locally (and is lazily available) from the + command line without barfing, but the code dereferenced NULL. + (merge 4cf67869b2 md/list-lazy-objects-fix later to maint). + + * The traversal over tree objects has learned to honor + ":(attr:label)" pathspec match, which has been implemented only for + enumerating paths on the filesystem. + (merge 5a0b97b34c nd/attr-pathspec-in-tree-walk later to maint). + + * BSD port updates. + (merge 4e3ecbd439 cb/openbsd-allows-reading-directory later to maint). + (merge b6bdc2a0f5 cb/t5004-empty-tar-archive-fix later to maint). + (merge 82cbc8cde2 cb/test-lint-cp-a later to maint). + + * Lines that begin with a certain keyword that come over the wire, as + well as lines that consist only of one of these keywords, ought to + be painted in color for easier eyeballing, but the latter was + broken ever since the feature was introduced in 2.19, which has + been corrected. + (merge 1f67290450 hn/highlight-sideband-keywords later to maint). + + * "git log -G<regex>" looked for a hunk in the "git log -p" patch + output that contained a string that matches the given pattern. + Optimize this code to ignore binary files, which by default will + not show any hunk that would match any pattern (unless textconv or + the --text option is in effect, that is). + (merge e0e7cb8080 tb/log-G-binary later to maint). + + * "git submodule update" ought to use a single job unless asked, but + by mistake used multiple jobs, which has been fixed. + (merge e3a9d1aca9 sb/submodule-fetchjobs-default-to-one later to maint). + + * "git stripspace" should be usable outside a git repository, but + under the "-s" or "-c" mode, it didn't. + (merge 957da75802 jn/stripspace-wo-repository later to maint). + + * Some of the documentation pages formatted incorrectly with + Asciidoctor, which have been fixed. + (merge b62eb1d2f4 ma/asciidoctor later to maint). + + * The core.worktree setting in a submodule repository should not be + pointing at a directory when the submodule loses its working tree + (e.g. getting deinit'ed), but the code did not properly maintain + this invariant. + + * With zsh, "git cmd path<TAB>" was completed to "git cmd path name" + when the completed path has a special character like SP in it, + without any attempt to keep "path name" a single filename. This + has been fixed to complete it to "git cmd path\ name" just like + Bash completion does. + + * The test suite tried to see if it is run under bash, but the check + itself failed under some other implementations of shell (notably + under NetBSD). This has been corrected. + (merge 54ea72f09c sg/test-bash-version-fix later to maint). + + * "git gc" and "git repack" did not close the open packfiles that + they found unneeded before removing them, which didn't work on a + platform incapable of removing an open file. This has been + corrected. + (merge 5bdece0d70 js/gc-repack-close-before-remove later to maint). + + * The code to drive GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF command relied on the string + returned from getenv() to be non-volatile, which is not true, that + has been corrected. + (merge 6776a84dae kg/external-diff-save-env later to maint). + + * There were many places the code relied on the string returned from + getenv() to be non-volatile, which is not true, that have been + corrected. + (merge 0da0e9268b jk/save-getenv-result later to maint). + + * The v2 upload-pack protocol implementation failed to honor + hidden-ref configuration, which has been corrected. + (merge e20b4192a3 jk/proto-v2-hidden-refs-fix later to maint). + + * "git fetch --recurse-submodules" may not fetch the necessary commit + that is bound to the superproject, which is getting corrected. + (merge be76c21282 sb/submodule-recursive-fetch-gets-the-tip later to maint). + + * "git rebase" internally runs "checkout" to switch between branches, + and the command used to call the post-checkout hook, but the + reimplementation stopped doing so, which is getting fixed. + + * "git add -e" got confused when the change it wants to let the user + edit is smaller than the previous change that was left over in a + temporary file. + (merge fa6f225e01 js/add-e-clear-patch-before-stating later to maint). + + * "git p4" failed to update a shelved change when there were moved + files, which has been corrected. + (merge 7a10946ab9 ld/git-p4-shelve-update-fix later to maint). + + * The codepath to read from the commit-graph file attempted to read + past the end of it when the file's table-of-contents was corrupt. + + * The compat/obstack code had casts that -Wcast-function-type + compilation option found questionable. + (merge 764473d257 sg/obstack-cast-function-type-fix later to maint). + + * An obvious typo in an assertion error message has been fixed. + (merge 3c27e2e059 cc/test-ref-store-typofix later to maint). + + * In Git for Windows, "git clone \\server\share\path" etc. that uses + UNC paths from command line had bad interaction with its shell + emulation. + + * "git add --ignore-errors" did not work as advertised and instead + worked as an unintended synonym for "git add --renormalize", which + has been fixed. + (merge e2c2a37545 jk/add-ignore-errors-bit-assignment-fix later to maint). + + * On a case-insensitive filesystem, we failed to compare the part of + the path that is above the worktree directory in an absolute + pathname, which has been corrected. + + * Asking "git check-attr" about a macro (e.g. "binary") on a specific + path did not work correctly, even though "git check-attr -a" listed + such a macro correctly. This has been corrected. + (merge 7b95849be4 jk/attr-macro-fix later to maint). + + * "git pack-objects" incorrectly used uninitialized mutex, which has + been corrected. + (merge edb673cf10 ph/pack-objects-mutex-fix later to maint). + + * "git checkout -b <new> [HEAD]" to create a new branch from the + current commit and check it out ought to be a no-op in the index + and the working tree in normal cases, but there are corner cases + that do require updates to the index and the working tree. Running + it immediately after "git clone --no-checkout" is one of these + cases that an earlier optimization kicked in incorrectly, which has + been fixed. + (merge 8424bfd45b bp/checkout-new-branch-optim later to maint). + + * "git diff --color-moved --cc --stat -p" did not work well due to + funny interaction between a bug in color-moved and the rest, which + has been fixed. + (merge dac03b5518 jk/diff-cc-stat-fixes later to maint). + + * When GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR is set, the command was incorrectly + started when modes of "git rebase" that implicitly uses the + machinery for the interactive rebase are run, which has been + corrected. + (merge 891d4a0313 pw/no-editor-in-rebase-i-implicit later to maint). + + * The commit-graph facility did not work when in-core objects that + are promoted from unknown type to commit (e.g. a commit that is + accessed via a tag that refers to it) were involved, which has been + corrected. + (merge 4468d4435c sg/object-as-type-commit-graph-fix later to maint). + + * "git fetch" output cleanup. + (merge dc40b24df4 nd/fetch-compact-update later to maint). + + * "git cat-file --batch" reported a dangling symbolic link by + mistake, when it wanted to report that a given name is ambiguous. + + * Documentation around core.crlf has been updated. + (merge c9446f0504 jk/autocrlf-overrides-eol-doc later to maint). + + * The documentation of "git commit-tree" said that the command + understands "--gpg-sign" in addition to "-S", but the command line + parser did not know about the longhand, which has been corrected. + + * "git rebase -x $cmd" did not reject multi-line command, even though + the command is incapable of handling such a command. It now is + rejected upfront. + (merge c762aada1a pw/rebase-x-sanity-check later to maint). + + * Output from "git help" was not correctly aligned, which has been + fixed. + (merge 6195a76da4 nd/help-align-command-desc later to maint). + + * The "git submodule summary" subcommand showed shortened commit + object names by mechanically truncating them at 7-hexdigit, which + has been improved to let "rev-parse --short" scale the length of + the abbreviation with the size of the repository. + (merge 0586a438f6 sh/submodule-summary-abbrev-fix later to maint). + + * The way the OSX build jobs updates its build environment used the + "--quiet" option to "brew update" command, but it wasn't all that + quiet to be useful. The use of the option has been replaced with + an explicit redirection to the /dev/null (which incidentally would + have worked around a breakage by recent updates to homebrew, which + has fixed itself already). + (merge a1ccaedd62 sg/travis-osx-brew-breakage-workaround later to maint). + + * "git --work-tree=$there --git-dir=$here describe --dirty" did not + work correctly as it did not pay attention to the location of the + worktree specified by the user by mistake, which has been + corrected. + (merge c801170b0c ss/describe-dirty-in-the-right-directory later to maint). + + * "git fetch" over protocol v2 that needs to make a second connection + to backfill tags did not clear a variable that holds shallow + repository information correctly, leading to an access of freed + piece of memory. + + * Some errors from the other side coming over smart HTTP transport + were not noticed, which has been corrected. + * Code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc. + (merge 89ba9a79ae hb/t0061-dot-in-path-fix later to maint). + (merge d173e799ea sb/diff-color-moved-config-option-fixup later to maint). + (merge a8f5a59067 en/directory-renames-nothanks-doc-update later to maint). + (merge ec36c42a63 nd/indentation-fix later to maint). + (merge f116ee21cd do/gitweb-strict-export-conf-doc later to maint). + (merge 112ea42663 fd/gitweb-snapshot-conf-doc-fix later to maint). + (merge 1cadad6f65 tb/use-common-win32-pathfuncs-on-cygwin later to maint). + (merge 57e9dcaa65 km/rebase-doc-typofix later to maint). + (merge b8b4cb27e6 ds/gc-doc-typofix later to maint). + (merge 3b3357626e nd/style-opening-brace later to maint). + (merge b4583d5595 es/doc-worktree-guessremote-config later to maint). + (merge cce99cd8c6 ds/commit-graph-assert-missing-parents later to maint). + (merge 0650614982 cy/completion-typofix later to maint). + (merge 6881925ef5 rs/sha1-file-close-mapped-file-on-error later to maint). + (merge bd8d6f0def en/show-ref-doc-fix later to maint). + (merge 1747125e2c cc/partial-clone-doc-typofix later to maint). + (merge e01378753d cc/fetch-error-message-fix later to maint). + (merge 54e8c11215 jk/remote-insteadof-cleanup later to maint). + (merge d609615f48 js/test-git-installed later to maint). + (merge ba170517be ja/doc-style-fix later to maint). + (merge 86fb1c4e77 km/init-doc-typofix later to maint). + (merge 5cfd4a9d10 nd/commit-doc later to maint). + (merge 9fce19a431 ab/diff-tree-doc-fix later to maint). + (merge 2e285e7803 tz/gpg-test-fix later to maint). + (merge 5427de960b kl/pretty-doc-markup-fix later to maint). + (merge 3815f64b0d js/mingw-host-cpu later to maint). + (merge 5fe81438b5 rj/sequencer-sign-off-header-static later to maint). + (merge 18a4f6be6b nd/fileno-may-be-macro later to maint). + (merge 99e9ab54ab kd/t0028-octal-del-is-377-not-777 later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.22.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.22.0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..16d3110 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.22.0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ +Git 2.22 Release Notes +====================== + +Updates since v2.21 +------------------- + +UI, Workflows & Features + + * "git checkout --no-overlay" can be used to trigger a new mode of + checking out paths out of the tree-ish, that allows paths that + match the pathspec that are in the current index and working tree + and are not in the tree-ish. + + * The %(trailers) formatter in "git log --format=..." now allows to + optionally pick trailers selectively by keyword, show only values, + etc. + + * Four new configuration variables {author,committer}.{name,email} + have been introduced to override user.{name,email} in more specific + cases. + + * Command-line completion (in contrib/) learned to tab-complete the + "git submodule absorbgitdirs" subcommand. + + * "git branch" learned a new subcommand "--show-current". + + * Output from "diff --cc" did not show the original paths when the + merge involved renames. A new option adds the paths in the + original trees to the output. + + * The command line completion (in contrib/) has been taught to + complete more subcommand parameters. + + +Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. + + * The diff machinery, one of the oldest parts of the system, which + long predates the parse-options API, uses fairly long and complex + handcrafted option parser. This is being rewritten to use the + parse-options API. + + * The implementation of pack-redundant has been updated for + performance in a repository with many packfiles. + + * A more structured way to obtain execution trace has been added. + + * "git prune" has been taught to take advantage of reachability + bitmap when able. + + +Fixes since v2.21 +----------------- + + * "git prune-packed" did not notice and complain against excess + arguments given from the command line, which now it does. + (merge 9b0bd87ed2 rj/prune-packed-excess-args later to maint). + + * Split-index fix. + (merge 6e37c8ed3c nd/split-index-null-base-fix later to maint). + + * "git diff --no-index" may still want to access Git goodies like + --ext-diff and --textconv, but so far these have been ignored, + which has been corrected. + (merge 287ab28bfa jk/diff-no-index-initialize later to maint). + + * Unify RPC code for smart http in protocol v0/v1 and v2, which fixes + a bug in the latter (lack of authentication retry) and generally + improves the code base. + (merge a97d00799a jt/http-auth-proto-v2-fix later to maint). + + * The include file compat/bswap.h has been updated so that it is safe + to (accidentally) include it more than once. + (merge 33aa579a55 jk/guard-bswap-header later to maint). + + * The set of header files used by "make hdr-check" unconditionally + included sha256/gcrypt.h, even when it is not used, causing the + make target to fail. We now skip it when GCRYPT_SHA256 is not in + use. + (merge f23aa18e7f rj/hdr-check-gcrypt-fix later to maint). + + * The Makefile uses 'find' utility to enumerate all the *.h header + files, which is expensive on platforms with slow filesystems; it + now optionally uses "ls-files" if working within a repository, + which is a trick similar to how all sources are enumerated to run + ETAGS on. + (merge 92b88eba9f js/find-lib-h-with-ls-files-when-possible later to maint). + + * Code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc. + (merge 11f470aee7 jc/test-yes-doc later to maint). + (merge 90503a240b js/doc-symref-in-proto-v1 later to maint). + (merge 5c326d1252 jk/unused-params later to maint). + (merge 68cabbfda3 dl/doc-submodule-wo-subcommand later to maint). + (merge 9903623761 ab/receive-pack-use-after-free-fix later to maint). + (merge 1ede45e44b en/merge-options-doc later to maint). + (merge 3e14dd2c8e rd/doc-hook-used-in-sample later to maint). + (merge c271dc28fd nd/no-more-check-racy later to maint). + (merge e6e15194a8 yb/utf-16le-bom-spellfix later to maint). + (merge bb101aaf0c rd/attr.c-comment-typofix later to maint). + (merge 716a5af812 rd/gc-prune-doc-fix later to maint). + (merge 50b206371d js/untravis-windows later to maint). + (merge dbf47215e3 js/rebase-recreate-merge later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/config/advice.txt b/Documentation/config/advice.txt index 57fcd4c..8862042 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/advice.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/advice.txt @@ -30,6 +30,13 @@ advice.*:: tries to overwrite a remote ref that points at an object that is not a commit-ish, or make the remote ref point at an object that is not a commit-ish. + pushUnqualifiedRefname:: + Shown when linkgit:git-push[1] gives up trying to + guess based on the source and destination refs what + remote ref namespace the source belongs in, but where + we can still suggest that the user push to either + refs/heads/* or refs/tags/* based on the type of the + source object. statusHints:: Show directions on how to proceed from the current state in the output of linkgit:git-status[1], in diff --git a/Documentation/config/core.txt b/Documentation/config/core.txt index d0e6635..7e9b6c8 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/core.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/core.txt @@ -121,11 +121,14 @@ core.quotePath:: core.eol:: Sets the line ending type to use in the working directory for - files that have the `text` property set when core.autocrlf is false. + files that are marked as text (either by having the `text` + attribute set, or by having `text=auto` and Git auto-detecting + the contents as text). Alternatives are 'lf', 'crlf' and 'native', which uses the platform's native line ending. The default value is `native`. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for more information on end-of-line - conversion. + conversion. Note that this value is ignored if `core.autocrlf` + is set to `true` or `input`. core.safecrlf:: If true, makes Git check if converting `CRLF` is reversible when diff --git a/Documentation/config/http.txt b/Documentation/config/http.txt index a56d848..5a32f5b 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/http.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/http.txt @@ -68,6 +68,15 @@ http.saveCookies:: If set, store cookies received during requests to the file specified by http.cookieFile. Has no effect if http.cookieFile is unset. +http.version:: + Use the specified HTTP protocol version when communicating with a server. + If you want to force the default. The available and default version depend + on libcurl. Actually the possible values of + this option are: + + - HTTP/2 + - HTTP/1.1 + http.sslVersion:: The SSL version to use when negotiating an SSL connection, if you want to force the default. The available and default version diff --git a/Documentation/config/pack.txt b/Documentation/config/pack.txt index edac75c..425c73a 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/pack.txt @@ -105,6 +105,15 @@ pack.useBitmaps:: true. You should not generally need to turn this off unless you are debugging pack bitmaps. +pack.useSparse:: + When true, git will default to using the '--sparse' option in + 'git pack-objects' when the '--revs' option is present. This + algorithm only walks trees that appear in paths that introduce new + objects. This can have significant performance benefits when + computing a pack to send a small change. However, it is possible + that extra objects are added to the pack-file if the included + commits contain certain types of direct renames. + pack.writeBitmaps (deprecated):: This is a deprecated synonym for `repack.writeBitmaps`. diff --git a/Documentation/config/rebase.txt b/Documentation/config/rebase.txt index f079bf6..331d250 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/rebase.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/rebase.txt @@ -64,3 +64,8 @@ instead of: ------------------------------------------- + Defaults to false. + +rebase.rescheduleFailedExec:: + Automatically reschedule `exec` commands that failed. This only makes + sense in interactive mode (or when an `--exec` option was provided). + This is the same as specifying the `--reschedule-failed-exec` option. diff --git a/Documentation/config/user.txt b/Documentation/config/user.txt index b5b2ba1..0557cbb 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/user.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/user.txt @@ -1,12 +1,19 @@ -user.email:: - Your email address to be recorded in any newly created commits. - Can be overridden by the `GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL`, `GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL`, and - `EMAIL` environment variables. See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]. - user.name:: - Your full name to be recorded in any newly created commits. - Can be overridden by the `GIT_AUTHOR_NAME` and `GIT_COMMITTER_NAME` - environment variables. See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]. +user.email:: +author.name:: +author.email:: +committer.name:: +committer.email:: + The `user.name` and `user.email` variables determine what ends + up in the `author` and `committer` field of commit + objects. + If you need the `author` or `committer` to be different, the + `author.name`, `author.email`, `committer.name` or + `committer.email` variables can be set. + Also, all of these can be overridden by the `GIT_AUTHOR_NAME`, + `GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL`, `GIT_COMMITTER_NAME`, + `GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL` and `EMAIL` environment variables. + See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1] for more information. user.useConfigOnly:: Instruct Git to avoid trying to guess defaults for `user.email` diff --git a/Documentation/config/worktree.txt b/Documentation/config/worktree.txt index b853798..048e349 100644 --- a/Documentation/config/worktree.txt +++ b/Documentation/config/worktree.txt @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ worktree.guessRemote:: - With `add`, if no branch argument, and neither of `-b` nor - `-B` nor `--detach` are given, the command defaults to + If no branch is specified and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor + `--detach` is used, then `git worktree add` defaults to creating a new branch from HEAD. If `worktree.guessRemote` is set to true, `worktree add` tries to find a remote-tracking branch whose name uniquely matches the new branch name. If diff --git a/Documentation/diff-format.txt b/Documentation/diff-format.txt index cdcc17f..4d846d7 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-format.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-format.txt @@ -95,12 +95,26 @@ from the format described above in the following way: . there are more "src" modes and "src" sha1 . status is concatenated status characters for each parent . no optional "score" number -. single path, only for "dst" +. tab-separated pathname(s) of the file -Example: +For `-c` and `--cc`, only the destination or final path is shown even +if the file was renamed on any side of history. With +`--combined-all-paths`, the name of the path in each parent is shown +followed by the name of the path in the merge commit. + +Examples for `-c` and `--cc` without `--combined-all-paths`: +------------------------------------------------ +::100644 100644 100644 fabadb8 cc95eb0 4866510 MM desc.c +::100755 100755 100755 52b7a2d 6d1ac04 d2ac7d7 RM bar.sh +::100644 100644 100644 e07d6c5 9042e82 ee91881 RR phooey.c +------------------------------------------------ + +Examples when `--combined-all-paths` added to either `-c` or `--cc`: ------------------------------------------------ -::100644 100644 100644 fabadb8 cc95eb0 4866510 MM describe.c +::100644 100644 100644 fabadb8 cc95eb0 4866510 MM desc.c desc.c desc.c +::100755 100755 100755 52b7a2d 6d1ac04 d2ac7d7 RM foo.sh bar.sh bar.sh +::100644 100644 100644 e07d6c5 9042e82 ee91881 RR fooey.c fuey.c phooey.c ------------------------------------------------ Note that 'combined diff' lists only files which were modified from diff --git a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt index 231105c..f10ca41 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt @@ -143,6 +143,19 @@ copying detection) are designed to work with diff of two Similar to two-line header for traditional 'unified' diff format, `/dev/null` is used to signal created or deleted files. ++ +However, if the --combined-all-paths option is provided, instead of a +two-line from-file/to-file you get a N+1 line from-file/to-file header, +where N is the number of parents in the merge commit + + --- a/file + --- a/file + --- a/file + +++ b/file ++ +This extended format can be useful if rename or copy detection is +active, to allow you to see the original name of the file in different +parents. 4. Chunk header format is modified to prevent people from accidentally feeding it to `patch -p1`. Combined diff format diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt index 0378cd5..5ebc568 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt @@ -36,11 +36,21 @@ endif::git-format-patch[] -U<n>:: --unified=<n>:: Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of - the usual three. + the usual three. Implies `--patch`. ifndef::git-format-patch[] Implies `-p`. endif::git-format-patch[] +--output=<file>:: + Output to a specific file instead of stdout. + +--output-indicator-new=<char>:: +--output-indicator-old=<char>:: +--output-indicator-context=<char>:: + Specify the character used to indicate new, old or context + lines in the generated patch. Normally they are '+', '-' and + ' ' respectively. + ifndef::git-format-patch[] --raw:: ifndef::git-log[] @@ -148,6 +158,7 @@ These parameters can also be set individually with `--stat-width=<width>`, number of modified files, as well as number of added and deleted lines. +-X[<param1,param2,...>]:: --dirstat[=<param1,param2,...>]:: Output the distribution of relative amount of changes for each sub-directory. The behavior of `--dirstat` can be customized by @@ -192,6 +203,12 @@ directories with less than 10% of the total amount of changed files, and accumulating child directory counts in the parent directories: `--dirstat=files,10,cumulative`. +--cumulative:: + Synonym for --dirstat=cumulative + +--dirstat-by-file[=<param1,param2>...]:: + Synonym for --dirstat=files,param1,param2... + --summary:: Output a condensed summary of extended header information such as creations, renames and mode changes. @@ -293,8 +310,12 @@ dimmed-zebra:: `dimmed_zebra` is a deprecated synonym. -- +--no-color-moved:: + Turn off move detection. This can be used to override configuration + settings. It is the same as `--color-moved=no`. + --color-moved-ws=<modes>:: - This configures how white spaces are ignored when performing the + This configures how whitespace is ignored when performing the move detection for `--color-moved`. ifdef::git-diff[] It can be set by the `diff.colorMovedWS` configuration setting. @@ -302,6 +323,8 @@ endif::git-diff[] These modes can be given as a comma separated list: + -- +no:: + Do not ignore whitespace when performing move detection. ignore-space-at-eol:: Ignore changes in whitespace at EOL. ignore-space-change:: @@ -312,12 +335,17 @@ ignore-all-space:: Ignore whitespace when comparing lines. This ignores differences even if one line has whitespace where the other line has none. allow-indentation-change:: - Initially ignore any white spaces in the move detection, then + Initially ignore any whitespace in the move detection, then group the moved code blocks only into a block if the change in whitespace is the same per line. This is incompatible with the other modes. -- +--no-color-moved-ws:: + Do not ignore whitespace when performing move detection. This can be + used to override configuration settings. It is the same as + `--color-moved-ws=no`. + --word-diff[=<mode>]:: Show a word diff, using the <mode> to delimit changed words. By default, words are delimited by whitespace; see @@ -375,6 +403,9 @@ endif::git-format-patch[] Turn off rename detection, even when the configuration file gives the default to do so. +--[no-]rename-empty:: + Whether to use empty blobs as rename source. + ifndef::git-format-patch[] --check:: Warn if changes introduce conflict markers or whitespace errors. @@ -524,6 +555,8 @@ struct), and want to know the history of that block since it first came into being: use the feature iteratively to feed the interesting block in the preimage back into `-S`, and keep going until you get the very first version of the block. ++ +Binary files are searched as well. -G<regex>:: Look for differences whose patch text contains added/removed @@ -543,6 +576,9 @@ While `git log -G"regexec\(regexp"` will show this commit, `git log -S"regexec\(regexp" --pickaxe-regex` will not (because the number of occurrences of that string did not change). + +Unless `--text` is supplied patches of binary files without a textconv +filter will be ignored. ++ See the 'pickaxe' entry in linkgit:gitdiffcore[7] for more information. diff --git a/Documentation/doc-diff b/Documentation/doc-diff index dfd9418..32c83dd 100755 --- a/Documentation/doc-diff +++ b/Documentation/doc-diff @@ -39,8 +39,7 @@ do shift done -cd_to_toplevel -tmp=Documentation/tmp-doc-diff +tmp="$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)/Documentation/tmp-doc-diff" || exit 1 if test -n "$clean" then @@ -109,7 +108,7 @@ render_tree () { make -j$parallel -C "$tmp/worktree" \ GIT_VERSION=omitted \ SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH=0 \ - DESTDIR="$PWD/$tmp/installed/$1+" \ + DESTDIR="$tmp/installed/$1+" \ install-man && mv "$tmp/installed/$1+" "$tmp/installed/$1" fi && diff --git a/Documentation/git-add.txt b/Documentation/git-add.txt index 45652fe..37bcab9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-add.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-add.txt @@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ OPTIONS specifying `dir` will record not just a file `dir/file1` modified in the working tree, a file `dir/file2` added to the working tree, but also a file `dir/file3` removed from - the working tree. Note that older versions of Git used + the working tree). Note that older versions of Git used to ignore removed files; use `--no-all` option if you want - to add modified or new files but ignore removed ones. + to add modified or new files but ignore removed ones. + For more details about the <pathspec> syntax, see the 'pathspec' entry in linkgit:gitglossary[7]. @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ subdirectories). --no-ignore-removal:: Update the index not only where the working tree has a file matching <pathspec> but also where the index already has an - entry. This adds, modifies, and removes index entries to + entry. This adds, modifies, and removes index entries to match the working tree. + If no <pathspec> is given when `-A` option is used, all @@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ EXAMPLES -------- * Adds content from all `*.txt` files under `Documentation` directory -and its subdirectories: + and its subdirectories: + ------------ $ git add Documentation/\*.txt diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt index bf5316f..0cd87dd 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git branch' [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [-r | -a] - [--list] [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]] + [--list] [--show-current] [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]] [--column[=<options>] | --no-column] [--sort=<key>] [(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]] [--contains [<commit]] [--no-contains [<commit>]] @@ -160,6 +160,10 @@ This option is only applicable in non-verbose mode. branch --list 'maint-*'`, list only the branches that match the pattern(s). +--show-current:: + Print the name of the current branch. In detached HEAD state, + nothing is printed. + -v:: -vv:: --verbose:: @@ -297,7 +301,7 @@ $ git checkout my2.6.14 ------------ + <1> This step and the next one could be combined into a single step with -"checkout -b my2.6.14 v2.6.14". + "checkout -b my2.6.14 v2.6.14". Delete an unneeded branch:: + @@ -309,10 +313,10 @@ $ git branch -D test <2> ------------ + <1> Delete the remote-tracking branches "todo", "html" and "man". The next -'fetch' or 'pull' will create them again unless you configure them not to. -See linkgit:git-fetch[1]. + 'fetch' or 'pull' will create them again unless you configure them not to. + See linkgit:git-fetch[1]. <2> Delete the "test" branch even if the "master" branch (or whichever branch -is currently checked out) does not have all commits from the test branch. + is currently checked out) does not have all commits from the test branch. NOTES diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt index 7401333..8eca671 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt @@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ In the second form, a list of objects (separated by linefeeds) is provided on stdin, and the SHA-1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout. The output format can be overridden using the optional `<format>` argument. If either `--textconv` or `--filters` was specified, the input is expected to -list the object names followed by the path name, separated by a single white -space, so that the appropriate drivers can be determined. +list the object names followed by the path name, separated by a single +whitespace, so that the appropriate drivers can be determined. OPTIONS ------- @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ OPTIONS Print object information and contents for each object provided on stdin. May not be combined with any other options or arguments except `--textconv` or `--filters`, in which case the input lines - also need to specify the path, separated by white space. See the + also need to specify the path, separated by whitespace. See the section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details. --batch-check:: @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ OPTIONS Print object information for each object provided on stdin. May not be combined with any other options or arguments except `--textconv` or `--filters`, in which case the input lines also - need to specify the path, separated by white space. See the + need to specify the path, separated by whitespace. See the section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details. --batch-all-objects:: @@ -252,6 +252,12 @@ the repository, then `cat-file` will ignore any custom format and print: <object> SP missing LF ------------ +If a name is specified that might refer to more than one object (an ambiguous short sha), then `cat-file` will ignore any custom format and print: + +------------ +<object> SP ambiguous LF +------------ + If --follow-symlinks is used, and a symlink in the repository points outside the repository, then `cat-file` will ignore any custom format and print: diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt index 801de2f..f179b43 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt @@ -260,6 +260,9 @@ the conflicted merge in the specified paths. This means that you can use `git checkout -p` to selectively discard edits from your current working tree. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode. ++ +Note that this option uses the no overlay mode by default (see also +`--[no-]overlay`), and currently doesn't support overlay mode. --ignore-other-worktrees:: `git checkout` refuses when the wanted ref is already checked @@ -276,6 +279,17 @@ section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode. Just like linkgit:git-submodule[1], this will detach the submodules HEAD. +--no-guess:: + Do not attempt to create a branch if a remote tracking branch + of the same name exists. + +--[no-]overlay:: + In the default overlay mode, `git checkout` never + removes files from the index or the working tree. When + specifying `--no-overlay`, files that appear in the index and + working tree, but not in <tree-ish> are removed, to make them + match <tree-ish> exactly. + <branch>:: Branch to checkout; if it refers to a branch (i.e., a name that, when prepended with "refs/heads/", is a valid ref), then that @@ -285,7 +299,7 @@ section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode. + You can use the `"@{-N}"` syntax to refer to the N-th last branch/commit checked out using "git checkout" operation. You may -also specify `-` which is synonymous to `"@{-1}`. +also specify `-` which is synonymous to `"@{-1}"`. + As a special case, you may use `"A...B"` as a shortcut for the merge base of `A` and `B` if there is exactly one merge base. You can @@ -420,14 +434,14 @@ $ git tag foo <3> ------------ <1> creates a new branch 'foo', which refers to commit 'f', and then -updates HEAD to refer to branch 'foo'. In other words, we'll no longer -be in detached HEAD state after this command. + updates HEAD to refer to branch 'foo'. In other words, we'll no longer + be in detached HEAD state after this command. <2> similarly creates a new branch 'foo', which refers to commit 'f', -but leaves HEAD detached. + but leaves HEAD detached. <3> creates a new tag 'foo', which refers to commit 'f', -leaving HEAD detached. + leaving HEAD detached. If we have moved away from commit 'f', then we must first recover its object name (typically by using git reflog), and then we can create a reference to @@ -455,8 +469,8 @@ EXAMPLES -------- . The following sequence checks out the `master` branch, reverts -the `Makefile` to two revisions back, deletes hello.c by -mistake, and gets it back from the index. + the `Makefile` to two revisions back, deletes hello.c by + mistake, and gets it back from the index. + ------------ $ git checkout master <1> @@ -490,7 +504,7 @@ $ git checkout -- hello.c ------------ . After working in the wrong branch, switching to the correct -branch would be done using: + branch would be done using: + ------------ $ git checkout mytopic @@ -518,7 +532,7 @@ registered in your index file, so `git diff` would show you what changes you made since the tip of the new branch. . When a merge conflict happens during switching branches with -the `-m` option, you would see something like this: + the `-m` option, you would see something like this: + ------------ $ git checkout -m mytopic diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt index d35d771..b8cfeec 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt @@ -213,16 +213,16 @@ $ git reset --merge ORIG_HEAD <3> $ git cherry-pick -Xpatience topic^ <4> ------------ <1> apply the change that would be shown by `git show topic^`. -In this example, the patch does not apply cleanly, so -information about the conflict is written to the index and -working tree and no new commit results. + In this example, the patch does not apply cleanly, so + information about the conflict is written to the index and + working tree and no new commit results. <2> summarize changes to be reconciled <3> cancel the cherry-pick. In other words, return to the -pre-cherry-pick state, preserving any local modifications you had in -the working tree. + pre-cherry-pick state, preserving any local modifications + you had in the working tree. <4> try to apply the change introduced by `topic^` again, -spending extra time to avoid mistakes based on incorrectly matching -context lines. + spending extra time to avoid mistakes based on incorrectly + matching context lines. SEE ALSO -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt index a55536f..2fd1252 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt @@ -189,6 +189,12 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository. values are given for the same key, each value will be written to the config file. This makes it safe, for example, to add additional fetch refspecs to the origin remote. ++ +Due to limitations of the current implementation, some configuration +variables do not take effect until after the initial fetch and checkout. +Configuration variables known to not take effect are: +`remote.<name>.mirror` and `remote.<name>.tagOpt`. Use the +corresponding `--mirror` and `--no-tags` options instead. --depth <depth>:: Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the diff --git a/Documentation/git-column.txt b/Documentation/git-column.txt index 763afab..f58e9c4 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-column.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-column.txt @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ OPTIONS The number of spaces between columns. One space by default. EXAMPLES ------- +-------- Format data by columns: ------------ diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt index f970a43..a85c2c2 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt @@ -17,16 +17,20 @@ SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ----------- -Stores the current contents of the index in a new commit along -with a log message from the user describing the changes. +Create a new commit containing the current contents of the index and +the given log message describing the changes. The new commit is a +direct child of HEAD, usually the tip of the current branch, and the +branch is updated to point to it (unless no branch is associated with +the working tree, in which case HEAD is "detached" as described in +linkgit:git-checkout[1]). -The content to be added can be specified in several ways: +The content to be committed can be specified in several ways: -1. by using 'git add' to incrementally "add" changes to the - index before using the 'commit' command (Note: even modified - files must be "added"); +1. by using linkgit:git-add[1] to incrementally "add" changes to the + index before using the 'commit' command (Note: even modified files + must be "added"); -2. by using 'git rm' to remove files from the working tree +2. by using linkgit:git-rm[1] to remove files from the working tree and the index, again before using the 'commit' command; 3. by listing files as arguments to the 'commit' command diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt index 2319b2b..24f32e8 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git diff-tree' [--stdin] [-m] [-s] [-v] [--no-commit-id] [--pretty] - [-t] [-r] [-c | --cc] [--root] [<common diff options>] - <tree-ish> [<tree-ish>] [<path>...] + [-t] [-r] [-c | --cc] [--combined-all-paths] [--root] + [<common diff options>] <tree-ish> [<tree-ish>] [<path>...] DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -31,10 +31,7 @@ include::diff-options.txt[] <path>...:: If provided, the results are limited to a subset of files - matching one of these prefix strings. - i.e., file matches `/^<pattern1>|<pattern2>|.../` - Note that this parameter does not provide any wildcard or regexp - features. + matching one of the provided pathspecs. -r:: recurse into sub-trees @@ -108,58 +105,19 @@ include::pretty-options.txt[] itself and the commit log message is not shown, just like in any other "empty diff" case. +--combined-all-paths:: + This flag causes combined diffs (used for merge commits) to + list the name of the file from all parents. It thus only has + effect when -c or --cc are specified, and is likely only + useful if filename changes are detected (i.e. when either + rename or copy detection have been requested). + --always:: Show the commit itself and the commit log message even if the diff itself is empty. include::pretty-formats.txt[] - - -LIMITING OUTPUT ---------------- -If you're only interested in differences in a subset of files, for -example some architecture-specific files, you might do: - - git diff-tree -r <tree-ish> <tree-ish> arch/ia64 include/asm-ia64 - -and it will only show you what changed in those two directories. - -Or if you are searching for what changed in just `kernel/sched.c`, just do - - git diff-tree -r <tree-ish> <tree-ish> kernel/sched.c - -and it will ignore all differences to other files. - -The pattern is always the prefix, and is matched exactly. There are no -wildcards. Even stricter, it has to match a complete path component. -I.e. "foo" does not pick up `foobar.h`. "foo" does match `foo/bar.h` -so it can be used to name subdirectories. - -An example of normal usage is: - - torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git diff-tree --abbrev 5319e4 - :100664 100664 ac348b... a01513... git-fsck-objects.c - -which tells you that the last commit changed just one file (it's from -this one: - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -commit 3c6f7ca19ad4043e9e72fa94106f352897e651a8 -tree 5319e4d609cdd282069cc4dce33c1db559539b03 -parent b4e628ea30d5ab3606119d2ea5caeab141d38df7 -author Linus Torvalds <torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org> Sat Apr 9 12:02:30 2005 -committer Linus Torvalds <torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org> Sat Apr 9 12:02:30 2005 - -Make "git-fsck-objects" print out all the root commits it finds. - -Once I do the reference tracking, I'll also make it print out all the -HEAD commits it finds, which is even more interesting. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ - -in case you care). - - include::diff-format.txt[] GIT diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff.txt b/Documentation/git-diff.txt index 030f162..72179d9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-diff.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-diff.txt @@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ $ git diff HEAD <3> + <1> Changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit. <2> Changes between the index and your last commit; what you -would be committing if you run "git commit" without "-a" option. + would be committing if you run "git commit" without "-a" option. <3> Changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you -would be committing if you run "git commit -a" + would be committing if you run "git commit -a" Comparing with arbitrary commits:: + @@ -145,10 +145,10 @@ $ git diff HEAD^ HEAD <3> ------------ + <1> Instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the -tip of "test" branch. + tip of "test" branch. <2> Instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with -the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the -file "test". + the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the + file "test". <3> Compare the version before the last commit and the last commit. Comparing branches:: @@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ $ git diff topic...master <3> <1> Changes between the tips of the topic and the master branches. <2> Same as above. <3> Changes that occurred on the master branch since when the topic -branch was started off it. + branch was started off it. Limiting the diff output:: + @@ -173,9 +173,9 @@ $ git diff arch/i386 include/asm-i386 <3> ------------ + <1> Show only modification, rename, and copy, but not addition -or deletion. + or deletion. <2> Show only names and the nature of change, but not actual -diff output. + diff output. <3> Limit diff output to named subtrees. Munging the diff output:: @@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ $ git diff -R <2> ------------ + <1> Spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete -rewrites (very expensive). + rewrites (very expensive). <2> Output diff in reverse. SEE ALSO diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt index ce954be..64c01ba 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt @@ -110,6 +110,25 @@ marks the same across runs. the shape of the history and stored tree. See the section on `ANONYMIZING` below. +--reference-excluded-parents:: + By default, running a command such as `git fast-export + master~5..master` will not include the commit master{tilde}5 + and will make master{tilde}4 no longer have master{tilde}5 as + a parent (though both the old master{tilde}4 and new + master{tilde}4 will have all the same files). Use + --reference-excluded-parents to instead have the the stream + refer to commits in the excluded range of history by their + sha1sum. Note that the resulting stream can only be used by a + repository which already contains the necessary parent + commits. + +--show-original-ids:: + Add an extra directive to the output for commits and blobs, + `original-oid <SHA1SUM>`. While such directives will likely be + ignored by importers such as git-fast-import, it may be useful + for intermediary filters (e.g. for rewriting commit messages + which refer to older commits, or for stripping blobs by id). + --refspec:: Apply the specified refspec to each ref exported. Multiple of them can be specified. @@ -119,7 +138,9 @@ marks the same across runs. 'git rev-list', that specifies the specific objects and references to export. For example, `master~10..master` causes the current master reference to be exported along with all objects - added since its 10th ancestor commit. + added since its 10th ancestor commit and (unless the + --reference-excluded-parents option is specified) all files + common to master{tilde}9 and master{tilde}10. EXAMPLES -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt index e81117d..43ab3b1 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt @@ -40,9 +40,10 @@ OPTIONS not contain the old commit). --quiet:: - Disable all non-fatal output, making fast-import silent when it - is successful. This option disables the output shown by - --stats. + Disable the output shown by --stats, making fast-import usually + be silent when it is successful. However, if the import stream + has directives intended to show user output (e.g. `progress` + directives), the corresponding messages will still be shown. --stats:: Display some basic statistics about the objects fast-import has @@ -384,6 +385,7 @@ change to the project. .... 'commit' SP <ref> LF mark? + original-oid? ('author' (SP <name>)? SP LT <email> GT SP <when> LF)? 'committer' (SP <name>)? SP LT <email> GT SP <when> LF data @@ -740,6 +742,19 @@ New marks are created automatically. Existing marks can be moved to another object simply by reusing the same `<idnum>` in another `mark` command. +`original-oid` +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Provides the name of the object in the original source control system. +fast-import will simply ignore this directive, but filter processes +which operate on and modify the stream before feeding to fast-import +may have uses for this information + +.... + 'original-oid' SP <object-identifier> LF +.... + +where `<object-identifer>` is any string not containing LF. + `tag` ~~~~~ Creates an annotated tag referring to a specific commit. To create @@ -748,6 +763,7 @@ lightweight (non-annotated) tags see the `reset` command below. .... 'tag' SP <name> LF 'from' SP <commit-ish> LF + original-oid? 'tagger' (SP <name>)? SP LT <email> GT SP <when> LF data .... @@ -822,6 +838,7 @@ assigned mark. .... 'blob' LF mark? + original-oid? data .... diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt index e319935..266d63c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt @@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ The `pu` branch will be updated even if it is does not fast-forward, because it is prefixed with a plus sign; `tmp` will not be. * Peek at a remote's branch, without configuring the remote in your local -repository: + repository: + ------------------------------------------------ $ git fetch git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git maint diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt index 901faef..774cecc 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt @@ -128,13 +128,18 @@ objecttype:: objectsize:: The size of the object (the same as 'git cat-file -s' reports). - + Append `:disk` to get the size, in bytes, that the object takes up on + disk. See the note about on-disk sizes in the `CAVEATS` section below. objectname:: The object name (aka SHA-1). For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of the object name append `:short`. For an abbreviation of the object name with desired length append `:short=<length>`, where the minimum length is MINIMUM_ABBREV. The length may be exceeded to ensure unique object names. +deltabase:: + This expands to the object name of the delta base for the + given object, if it is stored as a delta. Otherwise it + expands to the null object name (all zeroes). upstream:: The name of a local ref which can be considered ``upstream'' @@ -361,6 +366,20 @@ This prints the authorname, if present. git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)%(if)%(authorname)%(then) Authored by: %(authorname)%(end)" ------------ +CAVEATS +------- + +Note that the sizes of objects on disk are reported accurately, but care +should be taken in drawing conclusions about which refs or objects are +responsible for disk usage. The size of a packed non-delta object may be +much larger than the size of objects which delta against it, but the +choice of which object is the base and which is the delta is arbitrary +and is subject to change during a repack. + +Note also that multiple copies of an object may be present in the object +database; in this case, it is undefined which copy's size or delta base +will be reported. + SEE ALSO -------- linkgit:git-show-ref[1] diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt index 2730442..1af85d4 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt @@ -504,9 +504,9 @@ Toggle it to make sure it is set to `false`. Also, search for "mailnews.wraplength" and set the value to 0. 3. Disable the use of format=flowed: -Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor. Search for -"mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed". -Toggle it to make sure it is set to `false`. + Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor. Search for + "mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed". + Toggle it to make sure it is set to `false`. After that is done, you should be able to compose email as you otherwise would (cut + paste, 'git format-patch' | 'git imap-send', etc), @@ -629,14 +629,14 @@ EXAMPLES -------- * Extract commits between revisions R1 and R2, and apply them on top of -the current branch using 'git am' to cherry-pick them: + the current branch using 'git am' to cherry-pick them: + ------------ $ git format-patch -k --stdout R1..R2 | git am -3 -k ------------ * Extract all commits which are in the current branch but not in the -origin branch: + origin branch: + ------------ $ git format-patch origin @@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ $ git format-patch origin For each commit a separate file is created in the current directory. * Extract all commits that lead to 'origin' since the inception of the -project: + project: + ------------ $ git format-patch --root origin @@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ Note that non-Git "patch" programs won't understand renaming patches, so use it only when you know the recipient uses Git to apply your patch. * Extract three topmost commits from the current branch and format them -as e-mailable patches: + as e-mailable patches: + ------------ $ git format-patch -3 diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt index ab9a93f..55950d9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt @@ -140,9 +140,9 @@ dangling <type> <object>:: The <type> object <object>, is present in the database but never 'directly' used. A dangling commit could be a root node. -sha1 mismatch <object>:: - The database has an object who's sha1 doesn't match the - database value. +hash mismatch <object>:: + The database has an object whose hash doesn't match the + object database value. This indicates a serious data integrity problem. Environment Variables diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt index c20ee6c..a7c1b0f 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ be performed as well. --prune=<date>:: Prune loose objects older than date (default is 2 weeks ago, overridable by the config variable `gc.pruneExpire`). - --prune=all prunes loose objects regardless of their age and + --prune=now prunes loose objects regardless of their age and increases the risk of corruption if another process is writing to the repository concurrently; see "NOTES" below. --prune is on by default. @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ The optional configuration variable `gc.packRefs` determines if it within all non-bare repos or it can be set to a boolean value. This defaults to true. -The optional configuration variable `gc.commitGraph` determines if +The optional configuration variable `gc.writeCommitGraph` determines if 'git gc' should run 'git commit-graph write'. This can be set to a boolean value. This defaults to false. diff --git a/Documentation/git-help.txt b/Documentation/git-help.txt index aab5453..c318bf8 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-help.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-help.txt @@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ format is chosen. The following values are currently supported: * "man": use the 'man' program as usual, * "woman": use 'emacsclient' to launch the "woman" mode in emacs -(this only works starting with emacsclient versions 22), + (this only works starting with emacsclient versions 22), * "konqueror": use 'kfmclient' to open the man page in a new konqueror -tab (see 'Note about konqueror' below). + tab (see 'Note about konqueror' below). Values for other tools can be used if there is a corresponding `man.<tool>.cmd` configuration entry (see below). diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt index 3c5a67f..32880aa 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-init.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt @@ -38,8 +38,6 @@ the repository to another place if --separate-git-dir is given). OPTIONS ------- --- - -q:: --quiet:: @@ -111,8 +109,6 @@ into it. If you provide a 'directory', the command is run inside it. If this directory does not exist, it will be created. --- - TEMPLATE DIRECTORY ------------------ @@ -132,7 +128,7 @@ The template directory will be one of the following (in order): The default template directory includes some directory structure, suggested "exclude patterns" (see linkgit:gitignore[5]), and sample hook files. -The sample hooks are all disabled by default, To enable one of the +The sample hooks are all disabled by default. To enable one of the sample hooks rename it by removing its `.sample` suffix. See linkgit:githooks[5] for more general info on hook execution. diff --git a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt index e8ecdbf..a54fe44 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt @@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ OPTIONS The HTTP daemon command-line that will be executed. Command-line options may be specified here, and the configuration file will be added at the end of the command-line. - Currently apache2, lighttpd, mongoose, plackup and webrick are supported. + Currently apache2, lighttpd, mongoose, plackup, python and + webrick are supported. (Default: lighttpd) -m:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-log.txt b/Documentation/git-log.txt index 90761f1..b02e922 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-log.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-log.txt @@ -192,6 +192,10 @@ log.date:: Default format for human-readable dates. (Compare the `--date` option.) Defaults to "default", which means to write dates like `Sat May 8 19:35:34 2010 -0500`. ++ +If the format is set to "auto:foo" and the pager is in use, format +"foo" will be the used for the date format. Otherwise "default" will +be used. log.follow:: If `true`, `git log` will act as if the `--follow` option was used when diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt index f0a0280..3494a1d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-p4.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt @@ -71,12 +71,12 @@ $ git p4 clone //depot/path/project ------------ This: -1. Creates an empty Git repository in a subdirectory called 'project'. +1. Creates an empty Git repository in a subdirectory called 'project'. + -2. Imports the full contents of the head revision from the given p4 -depot path into a single commit in the Git branch 'refs/remotes/p4/master'. +2. Imports the full contents of the head revision from the given p4 + depot path into a single commit in the Git branch 'refs/remotes/p4/master'. + -3. Creates a local branch, 'master' from this remote and checks it out. +3. Creates a local branch, 'master' from this remote and checks it out. To reproduce the entire p4 history in Git, use the '@all' modifier on the depot path: diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt index 40c825c..e45f3e6 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--local] [--incremental] [--window=<n>] [--depth=<n>] [--revs [--unpacked | --all]] [--keep-pack=<pack-name>] [--stdout [--filter=<filter-spec>] | base-name] - [--shallow] [--keep-true-parents] < object-list + [--shallow] [--keep-true-parents] [--sparse] < object-list DESCRIPTION @@ -196,6 +196,15 @@ depth is 4095. Add --no-reuse-object if you want to force a uniform compression level on all data no matter the source. +--sparse:: + Use the "sparse" algorithm to determine which objects to include in + the pack, when combined with the "--revs" option. This algorithm + only walks trees that appear in paths that introduce new objects. + This can have significant performance benefits when computing + a pack to send a small change. However, it is possible that extra + objects are added to the pack-file if the included commits contain + certain types of direct renames. + --thin:: Create a "thin" pack by omitting the common objects between a sender and a receiver in order to reduce network transfer. This diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt index a5fc54a..6a8a0d9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-push.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt @@ -73,6 +73,26 @@ be omitted--such a push will update a ref that `<src>` normally updates without any `<refspec>` on the command line. Otherwise, missing `:<dst>` means to update the same ref as the `<src>`. + +If <dst> doesn't start with `refs/` (e.g. `refs/heads/master`) we will +try to infer where in `refs/*` on the destination <repository> it +belongs based on the the type of <src> being pushed and whether <dst> +is ambiguous. ++ +-- +* If <dst> unambiguously refers to a ref on the <repository> remote, + then push to that ref. + +* If <src> resolves to a ref starting with refs/heads/ or refs/tags/, + then prepend that to <dst>. + +* Other ambiguity resolutions might be added in the future, but for + now any other cases will error out with an error indicating what we + tried, and depending on the `advice.pushUnqualifiedRefname` + configuration (see linkgit:git-config[1]) suggest what refs/ + namespace you may have wanted to push to. + +-- ++ The object referenced by <src> is used to update the <dst> reference on the remote side. Whether this is allowed depends on where in `refs/*` the <dst> reference lives as described in detail below, in @@ -591,6 +611,9 @@ the ones in the examples below) can be configured as the default for `refs/remotes/satellite/master`) in the `mothership` repository; do the same for `dev` and `satellite/dev`. + +See the section describing `<refspec>...` above for a discussion of +the matching semantics. ++ This is to emulate `git fetch` run on the `mothership` using `git push` that is run in the opposite direction in order to integrate the work done on `satellite`, and is often necessary when you can diff --git a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt index 8cf952b..70562dc 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] 'git quiltimport' [--dry-run | -n] [--author <author>] [--patches <dir>] - [--series <file>] + [--series <file>] [--keep-non-patch] DESCRIPTION @@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ The default for the series file is <patches>/series or the value of the `$QUILT_SERIES` environment variable. +--keep-non-patch:: + Pass `-b` flag to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]). + GIT --- Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt index dff17b3..6363d67 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt @@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. + By default, or when `no-rebase-cousins` was specified, commits which do not have `<upstream>` as direct ancestor will keep their original branch point, -i.e. commits that would be excluded by gitlink:git-log[1]'s +i.e. commits that would be excluded by linkgit:git-log[1]'s `--ancestry-path` option will keep their original ancestry by default. If the `rebase-cousins` mode is turned on, such commits are instead rebased onto `<upstream>` (or `<onto>`, if specified). @@ -501,18 +501,15 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below. with care: the final stash application after a successful rebase might result in non-trivial conflicts. +--reschedule-failed-exec:: +--no-reschedule-failed-exec:: + Automatically reschedule `exec` commands that failed. This only makes + sense in interactive mode (or when an `--exec` option was provided). + INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS -------------------- -git-rebase has many flags that are incompatible with each other, -predominantly due to the fact that it has three different underlying -implementations: - - * one based on linkgit:git-am[1] (the default) - * one based on git-merge-recursive (merge backend) - * one based on linkgit:git-cherry-pick[1] (interactive backend) - -Flags only understood by the am backend: +The following options: * --committer-date-is-author-date * --ignore-date @@ -520,26 +517,22 @@ Flags only understood by the am backend: * --ignore-whitespace * -C -Flags understood by both merge and interactive backends: +are incompatible with the following options: * --merge * --strategy * --strategy-option * --allow-empty-message - -Flags only understood by the interactive backend: - * --[no-]autosquash * --rebase-merges * --preserve-merges * --interactive * --exec * --keep-empty - * --autosquash * --edit-todo * --root when used in combination with --onto -Other incompatible flag pairs: +In addition, the following pairs of options are incompatible: * --preserve-merges and --interactive * --preserve-merges and --signoff @@ -560,8 +553,6 @@ commit started empty (had no changes relative to its parent to start with) or ended empty (all changes were already applied upstream in other commits). -The merge backend does the same. - The interactive backend drops commits by default that started empty and halts if it hits a commit that ended up empty. The `--keep-empty` option exists for the interactive backend to allow @@ -570,8 +561,9 @@ it to keep commits that started empty. Directory rename detection ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -The merge and interactive backends work fine with -directory rename detection. The am backend sometimes does not. +Directory rename heuristics are enabled in the merge and interactive +backends. Due to the lack of accurate tree information, directory +rename detection is disabled in the am backend. include::merge-strategies.txt[] @@ -979,7 +971,7 @@ when the merge operation did not even start), it is rescheduled immediately. At this time, the `merge` command will *always* use the `recursive` merge strategy for regular merges, and `octopus` for octopus merges, -strategy, with no way to choose a different one. To work around +with no way to choose a different one. To work around this, an `exec` command can be used to call `git merge` explicitly, using the fact that the labels are worktree-local refs (the ref `refs/rewritten/onto` would correspond to the label `onto`, for example). diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt index 9f69ae8..132f8e5 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt @@ -115,17 +115,17 @@ $ git pull git://info.example.com/ nitfol <4> ------------ + <1> You are happily working on something, and find the changes -in these files are in good order. You do not want to see them -when you run `git diff`, because you plan to work on other files -and changes with these files are distracting. + in these files are in good order. You do not want to see them + when you run `git diff`, because you plan to work on other files + and changes with these files are distracting. <2> Somebody asks you to pull, and the changes sound worthy of merging. <3> However, you already dirtied the index (i.e. your index does -not match the `HEAD` commit). But you know the pull you are going -to make does not affect `frotz.c` or `filfre.c`, so you revert the -index changes for these two files. Your changes in working tree -remain there. + not match the `HEAD` commit). But you know the pull you are going + to make does not affect `frotz.c` or `filfre.c`, so you revert the + index changes for these two files. Your changes in working tree + remain there. <4> Then you can pull and merge, leaving `frotz.c` and `filfre.c` -changes still in the working tree. + changes still in the working tree. Undo a commit and redo:: + @@ -137,12 +137,12 @@ $ git commit -a -c ORIG_HEAD <3> ------------ + <1> This is most often done when you remembered what you -just committed is incomplete, or you misspelled your commit -message, or both. Leaves working tree as it was before "reset". + just committed is incomplete, or you misspelled your commit + message, or both. Leaves working tree as it was before "reset". <2> Make corrections to working tree files. <3> "reset" copies the old head to `.git/ORIG_HEAD`; redo the -commit by starting with its log message. If you do not need to -edit the message further, you can give `-C` option instead. + commit by starting with its log message. If you do not need to + edit the message further, you can give `-C` option instead. + See also the `--amend` option to linkgit:git-commit[1]. @@ -155,9 +155,9 @@ $ git checkout topic/wip <3> ------------ + <1> You have made some commits, but realize they were premature -to be in the `master` branch. You want to continue polishing -them in a topic branch, so create `topic/wip` branch off of the -current `HEAD`. + to be in the `master` branch. You want to continue polishing + them in a topic branch, so create `topic/wip` branch off of the + current `HEAD`. <2> Rewind the master branch to get rid of those three commits. <3> Switch to `topic/wip` branch and keep working. @@ -169,10 +169,10 @@ $ git reset --hard HEAD~3 <1> ------------ + <1> The last three commits (`HEAD`, `HEAD^`, and `HEAD~2`) were bad -and you do not want to ever see them again. Do *not* do this if -you have already given these commits to somebody else. (See the -"RECOVERING FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1] for -the implications of doing so.) + and you do not want to ever see them again. Do *not* do this if + you have already given these commits to somebody else. (See the + "RECOVERING FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1] + for the implications of doing so.) Undo a merge or pull:: + @@ -189,18 +189,18 @@ $ git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD <4> ------------ + <1> Try to update from the upstream resulted in a lot of -conflicts; you were not ready to spend a lot of time merging -right now, so you decide to do that later. + conflicts; you were not ready to spend a lot of time merging + right now, so you decide to do that later. <2> "pull" has not made merge commit, so `git reset --hard` -which is a synonym for `git reset --hard HEAD` clears the mess -from the index file and the working tree. + which is a synonym for `git reset --hard HEAD` clears the mess + from the index file and the working tree. <3> Merge a topic branch into the current branch, which resulted -in a fast-forward. + in a fast-forward. <4> But you decided that the topic branch is not ready for public -consumption yet. "pull" or "merge" always leaves the original -tip of the current branch in `ORIG_HEAD`, so resetting hard to it -brings your index file and the working tree back to that state, -and resets the tip of the branch to that commit. + consumption yet. "pull" or "merge" always leaves the original + tip of the current branch in `ORIG_HEAD`, so resetting hard to it + brings your index file and the working tree back to that state, + and resets the tip of the branch to that commit. Undo a merge or pull inside a dirty working tree:: + @@ -214,14 +214,14 @@ $ git reset --merge ORIG_HEAD <2> ------------ + <1> Even if you may have local modifications in your -working tree, you can safely say `git pull` when you know -that the change in the other branch does not overlap with -them. + working tree, you can safely say `git pull` when you know + that the change in the other branch does not overlap with + them. <2> After inspecting the result of the merge, you may find -that the change in the other branch is unsatisfactory. Running -`git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD` will let you go back to where you -were, but it will discard your local changes, which you do not -want. `git reset --merge` keeps your local changes. + that the change in the other branch is unsatisfactory. Running + `git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD` will let you go back to where you + were, but it will discard your local changes, which you do not + want. `git reset --merge` keeps your local changes. Interrupted workflow:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt index 62c6c76..1afe9fc 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ This is what linkgit:git-format-patch[1] generates. Most headers and MIME formatting are ignored. 2. The original format used by Greg Kroah-Hartman's 'send_lots_of_email.pl' -script + script + This format expects the first line of the file to contain the "Cc:" value and the "Subject:" of the message as the second line. diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt index d28e615..ab4d271 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt @@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ OPTIONS Show the HEAD reference, even if it would normally be filtered out. ---tags:: --heads:: +--tags:: Limit to "refs/heads" and "refs/tags", respectively. These options are not mutually exclusive; when given both, references stored in diff --git a/Documentation/git-status.txt b/Documentation/git-status.txt index d9f422d..861d821 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-status.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-status.txt @@ -197,31 +197,33 @@ codes can be interpreted as follows: Ignored files are not listed, unless `--ignored` option is in effect, in which case `XY` are `!!`. - X Y Meaning - ------------------------------------------------- - [AMD] not updated - M [ MD] updated in index - A [ MD] added to index - D deleted from index - R [ MD] renamed in index - C [ MD] copied in index - [MARC] index and work tree matches - [ MARC] M work tree changed since index - [ MARC] D deleted in work tree - [ D] R renamed in work tree - [ D] C copied in work tree - ------------------------------------------------- - D D unmerged, both deleted - A U unmerged, added by us - U D unmerged, deleted by them - U A unmerged, added by them - D U unmerged, deleted by us - A A unmerged, both added - U U unmerged, both modified - ------------------------------------------------- - ? ? untracked - ! ! ignored - ------------------------------------------------- +.... +X Y Meaning +------------------------------------------------- + [AMD] not updated +M [ MD] updated in index +A [ MD] added to index +D deleted from index +R [ MD] renamed in index +C [ MD] copied in index +[MARC] index and work tree matches +[ MARC] M work tree changed since index +[ MARC] D deleted in work tree +[ D] R renamed in work tree +[ D] C copied in work tree +------------------------------------------------- +D D unmerged, both deleted +A U unmerged, added by us +U D unmerged, deleted by them +U A unmerged, added by them +D U unmerged, deleted by us +A A unmerged, both added +U U unmerged, both modified +------------------------------------------------- +? ? untracked +! ! ignored +------------------------------------------------- +.... Submodules have more state and instead report M the submodule has a different HEAD than @@ -281,14 +283,16 @@ don't recognize. If `--branch` is given, a series of header lines are printed with information about the current branch. - Line Notes - ------------------------------------------------------------ - # branch.oid <commit> | (initial) Current commit. - # branch.head <branch> | (detached) Current branch. - # branch.upstream <upstream_branch> If upstream is set. - # branch.ab +<ahead> -<behind> If upstream is set and - the commit is present. - ------------------------------------------------------------ +.... +Line Notes +------------------------------------------------------------ +# branch.oid <commit> | (initial) Current commit. +# branch.head <branch> | (detached) Current branch. +# branch.upstream <upstream_branch> If upstream is set. +# branch.ab +<ahead> -<behind> If upstream is set and + the commit is present. +------------------------------------------------------------ +.... ### Changed Tracked Entries @@ -306,56 +310,60 @@ Renamed or copied entries have the following format: 2 <XY> <sub> <mH> <mI> <mW> <hH> <hI> <X><score> <path><sep><origPath> - Field Meaning - -------------------------------------------------------- - <XY> A 2 character field containing the staged and - unstaged XY values described in the short format, - with unchanged indicated by a "." rather than - a space. - <sub> A 4 character field describing the submodule state. - "N..." when the entry is not a submodule. - "S<c><m><u>" when the entry is a submodule. - <c> is "C" if the commit changed; otherwise ".". - <m> is "M" if it has tracked changes; otherwise ".". - <u> is "U" if there are untracked changes; otherwise ".". - <mH> The octal file mode in HEAD. - <mI> The octal file mode in the index. - <mW> The octal file mode in the worktree. - <hH> The object name in HEAD. - <hI> The object name in the index. - <X><score> The rename or copy score (denoting the percentage - of similarity between the source and target of the - move or copy). For example "R100" or "C75". - <path> The pathname. In a renamed/copied entry, this - is the target path. - <sep> When the `-z` option is used, the 2 pathnames are separated - with a NUL (ASCII 0x00) byte; otherwise, a tab (ASCII 0x09) - byte separates them. - <origPath> The pathname in the commit at HEAD or in the index. - This is only present in a renamed/copied entry, and - tells where the renamed/copied contents came from. - -------------------------------------------------------- +.... +Field Meaning +-------------------------------------------------------- +<XY> A 2 character field containing the staged and + unstaged XY values described in the short format, + with unchanged indicated by a "." rather than + a space. +<sub> A 4 character field describing the submodule state. + "N..." when the entry is not a submodule. + "S<c><m><u>" when the entry is a submodule. + <c> is "C" if the commit changed; otherwise ".". + <m> is "M" if it has tracked changes; otherwise ".". + <u> is "U" if there are untracked changes; otherwise ".". +<mH> The octal file mode in HEAD. +<mI> The octal file mode in the index. +<mW> The octal file mode in the worktree. +<hH> The object name in HEAD. +<hI> The object name in the index. +<X><score> The rename or copy score (denoting the percentage + of similarity between the source and target of the + move or copy). For example "R100" or "C75". +<path> The pathname. In a renamed/copied entry, this + is the target path. +<sep> When the `-z` option is used, the 2 pathnames are separated + with a NUL (ASCII 0x00) byte; otherwise, a tab (ASCII 0x09) + byte separates them. +<origPath> The pathname in the commit at HEAD or in the index. + This is only present in a renamed/copied entry, and + tells where the renamed/copied contents came from. +-------------------------------------------------------- +.... Unmerged entries have the following format; the first character is a "u" to distinguish from ordinary changed entries. u <xy> <sub> <m1> <m2> <m3> <mW> <h1> <h2> <h3> <path> - Field Meaning - -------------------------------------------------------- - <XY> A 2 character field describing the conflict type - as described in the short format. - <sub> A 4 character field describing the submodule state - as described above. - <m1> The octal file mode in stage 1. - <m2> The octal file mode in stage 2. - <m3> The octal file mode in stage 3. - <mW> The octal file mode in the worktree. - <h1> The object name in stage 1. - <h2> The object name in stage 2. - <h3> The object name in stage 3. - <path> The pathname. - -------------------------------------------------------- +.... +Field Meaning +-------------------------------------------------------- +<XY> A 2 character field describing the conflict type + as described in the short format. +<sub> A 4 character field describing the submodule state + as described above. +<m1> The octal file mode in stage 1. +<m2> The octal file mode in stage 2. +<m3> The octal file mode in stage 3. +<mW> The octal file mode in the worktree. +<h1> The object name in stage 1. +<h2> The object name in stage 2. +<h3> The object name in stage 3. +<path> The pathname. +-------------------------------------------------------- +.... ### Other Items diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt index ba3c4df..2794e29 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ git-submodule - Initialize, update or inspect submodules SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] +'git submodule' [--quiet] [--cached] 'git submodule' [--quiet] add [<options>] [--] <repository> [<path>] 'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...] 'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...] @@ -28,6 +29,9 @@ For more information about submodules, see linkgit:gitsubmodules[7]. COMMANDS -------- +With no arguments, shows the status of existing submodules. Several +subcommands are available to perform operations on the submodules. + add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>] [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<path>]:: Add the given repository as a submodule at the given path to the changeset to be committed next to the current diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt index f2d644e..a74e7b9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt @@ -237,16 +237,16 @@ your repository directly), then others will have already seen the old tag. In that case you can do one of two things: . The sane thing. -Just admit you screwed up, and use a different name. Others have -already seen one tag-name, and if you keep the same name, you -may be in the situation that two people both have "version X", -but they actually have 'different' "X"'s. So just call it "X.1" -and be done with it. + Just admit you screwed up, and use a different name. Others have + already seen one tag-name, and if you keep the same name, you + may be in the situation that two people both have "version X", + but they actually have 'different' "X"'s. So just call it "X.1" + and be done with it. . The insane thing. -You really want to call the new version "X" too, 'even though' -others have already seen the old one. So just use 'git tag -f' -again, as if you hadn't already published the old one. + You really want to call the new version "X" too, 'even though' + others have already seen the old one. So just use 'git tag -f' + again, as if you hadn't already published the old one. However, Git does *not* (and it should not) change tags behind users back. So if somebody already got the old tag, doing a diff --git a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt index 998f52d..9822c1e 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt @@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ The UI for the protocol is on the 'git fetch-pack' side, and the program pair is meant to be used to pull updates from a remote repository. For push operations, see 'git send-pack'. - OPTIONS ------- diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt index b8392fc..bdd11a2 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt @@ -124,7 +124,9 @@ text file is normalized, its line endings are converted to LF in the repository. To control what line ending style is used in the working directory, use the `eol` attribute for a single file and the `core.eol` configuration variable for all text files. -Note that `core.autocrlf` overrides `core.eol` +Note that setting `core.autocrlf` to `true` or `input` overrides +`core.eol` (see the definitions of those options in +linkgit:git-config[1]). Set:: @@ -344,7 +346,9 @@ automatic line ending conversion based on your platform. Use the following attributes if your '*.ps1' files are UTF-16 little endian encoded without BOM and you want Git to use Windows line endings -in the working directory. Please note, it is highly recommended to +in the working directory (use `UTF-16LE-BOM` instead of `UTF-16LE` if +you want UTF-16 little endian with BOM). +Please note, it is highly recommended to explicitly define the line endings with `eol` if the `working-tree-encoding` attribute is used to avoid ambiguity. diff --git a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt index c0a60f3..c970d9f 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt @@ -242,7 +242,8 @@ textual diff has an added or a deleted line that matches the given regular expression. This means that it will detect in-file (or what rename-detection considers the same file) moves, which is noise. The implementation runs diff twice and greps, and this can be quite -expensive. +expensive. To speed things up binary files without textconv filters +will be ignored. When `-S` or `-G` are used without `--pickaxe-all`, only filepairs that match their respective criterion are kept in the output. When diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt index 9590443..5bf653c 100644 --- a/Documentation/githooks.txt +++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt @@ -99,6 +99,10 @@ All the `git commit` hooks are invoked with the environment variable `GIT_EDITOR=:` if the command will not bring up an editor to modify the commit message. +The default 'pre-commit' hook, when enabled--and with the +`hooks.allownonascii` config option unset or set to false--prevents +the use of non-ASCII filenames. + prepare-commit-msg ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt index c0a326e..92535db 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt @@ -207,8 +207,8 @@ subsection on linkgit:gitweb[1] manpage. $strict_export:: Only allow viewing of repositories also shown on the overview page. - This for example makes `$gitweb_export_ok` file decide if repository is - available and not only if it is shown. If `$gitweb_list` points to + This for example makes `$export_ok` file decide if repository is + available and not only if it is shown. If `$projects_list` points to file with list of project, only those repositories listed would be available for gitweb. Can be set during building gitweb via `GITWEB_STRICT_EXPORT`. By default this variable is not set, which @@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ compressed tar archive) and "zip"; please consult gitweb sources for a definitive list. By default only "tgz" is offered. + This feature can be configured on a per-repository basis via -repository's `gitweb.blame` configuration variable, which contains +repository's `gitweb.snapshot` configuration variable, which contains a comma separated list of formats or "none" to disable snapshots. Unknown values are ignored. diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt index 0d2aa48..023ca95 100644 --- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt +++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt @@ -404,6 +404,8 @@ these forms: - "`!ATTR`" requires that the attribute `ATTR` be unspecified. + +Note that when matching against a tree object, attributes are still +obtained from working tree, not from the given tree object. exclude;; After a path matches any non-exclude pathspec, it will be run diff --git a/Documentation/merge-options.txt b/Documentation/merge-options.txt index 63a3fc0..92a7d93 100644 --- a/Documentation/merge-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/merge-options.txt @@ -3,9 +3,14 @@ Perform the merge and commit the result. This option can be used to override --no-commit. + -With --no-commit perform the merge but pretend the merge -failed and do not autocommit, to give the user a chance to -inspect and further tweak the merge result before committing. +With --no-commit perform the merge and stop just before creating +a merge commit, to give the user a chance to inspect and further +tweak the merge result before committing. ++ +Note that fast-forward updates do not create a merge commit and +therefore there is no way to stop those merges with --no-commit. +Thus, if you want to ensure your branch is not changed or updated +by the merge command, use --no-ff with --no-commit. --edit:: -e:: diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt index 417b638..0795983 100644 --- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt +++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt @@ -102,118 +102,160 @@ The title was >>t4119: test autocomputing -p<n> for traditional diff input.<< + The placeholders are: -- '%H': commit hash -- '%h': abbreviated commit hash -- '%T': tree hash -- '%t': abbreviated tree hash -- '%P': parent hashes -- '%p': abbreviated parent hashes -- '%an': author name -- '%aN': author name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] - or linkgit:git-blame[1]) -- '%ae': author email -- '%aE': author email (respecting .mailmap, see - linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) -- '%ad': author date (format respects --date= option) -- '%aD': author date, RFC2822 style -- '%ar': author date, relative -- '%at': author date, UNIX timestamp -- '%ai': author date, ISO 8601-like format -- '%aI': author date, strict ISO 8601 format -- '%cn': committer name -- '%cN': committer name (respecting .mailmap, see - linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) -- '%ce': committer email -- '%cE': committer email (respecting .mailmap, see - linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) -- '%cd': committer date (format respects --date= option) -- '%cD': committer date, RFC2822 style -- '%cr': committer date, relative -- '%ct': committer date, UNIX timestamp -- '%ci': committer date, ISO 8601-like format -- '%cI': committer date, strict ISO 8601 format -- '%d': ref names, like the --decorate option of linkgit:git-log[1] -- '%D': ref names without the " (", ")" wrapping. -- '%e': encoding -- '%s': subject -- '%f': sanitized subject line, suitable for a filename -- '%b': body -- '%B': raw body (unwrapped subject and body) +- Placeholders that expand to a single literal character: +'%n':: newline +'%%':: a raw '%' +'%x00':: print a byte from a hex code + +- Placeholders that affect formatting of later placeholders: +'%Cred':: switch color to red +'%Cgreen':: switch color to green +'%Cblue':: switch color to blue +'%Creset':: reset color +'%C(...)':: color specification, as described under Values in the + "CONFIGURATION FILE" section of linkgit:git-config[1]. By + default, colors are shown only when enabled for log output + (by `color.diff`, `color.ui`, or `--color`, and respecting + the `auto` settings of the former if we are going to a + terminal). `%C(auto,...)` is accepted as a historical + synonym for the default (e.g., `%C(auto,red)`). Specifying + `%C(always,...)` will show the colors even when color is + not otherwise enabled (though consider just using + `--color=always` to enable color for the whole output, + including this format and anything else git might color). + `auto` alone (i.e. `%C(auto)`) will turn on auto coloring + on the next placeholders until the color is switched + again. +'%m':: left (`<`), right (`>`) or boundary (`-`) mark +'%w([<w>[,<i1>[,<i2>]]])':: switch line wrapping, like the -w option of + linkgit:git-shortlog[1]. +'%<(<N>[,trunc|ltrunc|mtrunc])':: make the next placeholder take at + least N columns, padding spaces on + the right if necessary. Optionally + truncate at the beginning (ltrunc), + the middle (mtrunc) or the end + (trunc) if the output is longer than + N columns. Note that truncating + only works correctly with N >= 2. +'%<|(<N>)':: make the next placeholder take at least until Nth + columns, padding spaces on the right if necessary +'%>(<N>)', '%>|(<N>)':: similar to '%<(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)' respectively, + but padding spaces on the left +'%>>(<N>)', '%>>|(<N>)':: similar to '%>(<N>)', '%>|(<N>)' + respectively, except that if the next + placeholder takes more spaces than given and + there are spaces on its left, use those + spaces +'%><(<N>)', '%><|(<N>)':: similar to '%<(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)' + respectively, but padding both sides + (i.e. the text is centered) + +- Placeholders that expand to information extracted from the commit: +'%H':: commit hash +'%h':: abbreviated commit hash +'%T':: tree hash +'%t':: abbreviated tree hash +'%P':: parent hashes +'%p':: abbreviated parent hashes +'%an':: author name +'%aN':: author name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] + or linkgit:git-blame[1]) +'%ae':: author email +'%aE':: author email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] + or linkgit:git-blame[1]) +'%ad':: author date (format respects --date= option) +'%aD':: author date, RFC2822 style +'%ar':: author date, relative +'%at':: author date, UNIX timestamp +'%ai':: author date, ISO 8601-like format +'%aI':: author date, strict ISO 8601 format +'%cn':: committer name +'%cN':: committer name (respecting .mailmap, see + linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) +'%ce':: committer email +'%cE':: committer email (respecting .mailmap, see + linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) +'%cd':: committer date (format respects --date= option) +'%cD':: committer date, RFC2822 style +'%cr':: committer date, relative +'%ct':: committer date, UNIX timestamp +'%ci':: committer date, ISO 8601-like format +'%cI':: committer date, strict ISO 8601 format +'%d':: ref names, like the --decorate option of linkgit:git-log[1] +'%D':: ref names without the " (", ")" wrapping. +'%S':: ref name given on the command line by which the commit was reached + (like `git log --source`), only works with `git log` +'%e':: encoding +'%s':: subject +'%f':: sanitized subject line, suitable for a filename +'%b':: body +'%B':: raw body (unwrapped subject and body) ifndef::git-rev-list[] -- '%N': commit notes +'%N':: commit notes endif::git-rev-list[] -- '%GG': raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit -- '%G?': show "G" for a good (valid) signature, - "B" for a bad signature, - "U" for a good signature with unknown validity, - "X" for a good signature that has expired, - "Y" for a good signature made by an expired key, - "R" for a good signature made by a revoked key, - "E" if the signature cannot be checked (e.g. missing key) - and "N" for no signature -- '%GS': show the name of the signer for a signed commit -- '%GK': show the key used to sign a signed commit -- '%GF': show the fingerprint of the key used to sign a signed commit -- '%GP': show the fingerprint of the primary key whose subkey was used - to sign a signed commit -- '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}` or - `refs/stash@{2 minutes ago`}; the format follows the rules described - for the `-g` option. The portion before the `@` is the refname as - given on the command line (so `git log -g refs/heads/master` would - yield `refs/heads/master@{0}`). -- '%gd': shortened reflog selector; same as `%gD`, but the refname - portion is shortened for human readability (so `refs/heads/master` - becomes just `master`). -- '%gn': reflog identity name -- '%gN': reflog identity name (respecting .mailmap, see - linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) -- '%ge': reflog identity email -- '%gE': reflog identity email (respecting .mailmap, see - linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) -- '%gs': reflog subject -- '%Cred': switch color to red -- '%Cgreen': switch color to green -- '%Cblue': switch color to blue -- '%Creset': reset color -- '%C(...)': color specification, as described under Values in the - "CONFIGURATION FILE" section of linkgit:git-config[1]. - By default, colors are shown only when enabled for log output (by - `color.diff`, `color.ui`, or `--color`, and respecting the `auto` - settings of the former if we are going to a terminal). `%C(auto,...)` - is accepted as a historical synonym for the default (e.g., - `%C(auto,red)`). Specifying `%C(always,...) will show the colors - even when color is not otherwise enabled (though consider - just using `--color=always` to enable color for the whole output, - including this format and anything else git might color). `auto` - alone (i.e. `%C(auto)`) will turn on auto coloring on the next - placeholders until the color is switched again. -- '%m': left (`<`), right (`>`) or boundary (`-`) mark -- '%n': newline -- '%%': a raw '%' -- '%x00': print a byte from a hex code -- '%w([<w>[,<i1>[,<i2>]]])': switch line wrapping, like the -w option of - linkgit:git-shortlog[1]. -- '%<(<N>[,trunc|ltrunc|mtrunc])': make the next placeholder take at - least N columns, padding spaces on the right if necessary. - Optionally truncate at the beginning (ltrunc), the middle (mtrunc) - or the end (trunc) if the output is longer than N columns. - Note that truncating only works correctly with N >= 2. -- '%<|(<N>)': make the next placeholder take at least until Nth - columns, padding spaces on the right if necessary -- '%>(<N>)', '%>|(<N>)': similar to '%<(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)' - respectively, but padding spaces on the left -- '%>>(<N>)', '%>>|(<N>)': similar to '%>(<N>)', '%>|(<N>)' - respectively, except that if the next placeholder takes more spaces - than given and there are spaces on its left, use those spaces -- '%><(<N>)', '%><|(<N>)': similar to '%<(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)' - respectively, but padding both sides (i.e. the text is centered) -- %(trailers[:options]): display the trailers of the body as interpreted - by linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]. The `trailers` string may be - followed by a colon and zero or more comma-separated options. If the - `only` option is given, omit non-trailer lines from the trailer block. - If the `unfold` option is given, behave as if interpret-trailer's - `--unfold` option was given. E.g., `%(trailers:only,unfold)` to do - both. +'%GG':: raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit +'%G?':: show "G" for a good (valid) signature, + "B" for a bad signature, + "U" for a good signature with unknown validity, + "X" for a good signature that has expired, + "Y" for a good signature made by an expired key, + "R" for a good signature made by a revoked key, + "E" if the signature cannot be checked (e.g. missing key) + and "N" for no signature +'%GS':: show the name of the signer for a signed commit +'%GK':: show the key used to sign a signed commit +'%GF':: show the fingerprint of the key used to sign a signed commit +'%GP':: show the fingerprint of the primary key whose subkey was used + to sign a signed commit +'%gD':: reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}` or `refs/stash@{2 + minutes ago`}; the format follows the rules described for the + `-g` option. The portion before the `@` is the refname as + given on the command line (so `git log -g refs/heads/master` + would yield `refs/heads/master@{0}`). +'%gd':: shortened reflog selector; same as `%gD`, but the refname + portion is shortened for human readability (so + `refs/heads/master` becomes just `master`). +'%gn':: reflog identity name +'%gN':: reflog identity name (respecting .mailmap, see + linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) +'%ge':: reflog identity email +'%gE':: reflog identity email (respecting .mailmap, see + linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) +'%gs':: reflog subject +'%(trailers[:options])':: display the trailers of the body as + interpreted by + linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]. The + `trailers` string may be followed by a colon + and zero or more comma-separated options: +** 'key=<K>': only show trailers with specified key. Matching is done + case-insensitively and trailing colon is optional. If option is + given multiple times trailer lines matching any of the keys are + shown. This option automatically enables the `only` option so that + non-trailer lines in the trailer block are hidden. If that is not + desired it can be disabled with `only=false`. E.g., + `%(trailers:key=Reviewed-by)` shows trailer lines with key + `Reviewed-by`. +** 'only[=val]': select whether non-trailer lines from the trailer + block should be included. The `only` keyword may optionally be + followed by an equal sign and one of `true`, `on`, `yes` to omit or + `false`, `off`, `no` to show the non-trailer lines. If option is + given without value it is enabled. If given multiple times the last + value is used. +** 'separator=<SEP>': specify a separator inserted between trailer + lines. When this option is not given each trailer line is + terminated with a line feed character. The string SEP may contain + the literal formatting codes described above. To use comma as + separator one must use `%x2C` as it would otherwise be parsed as + next option. If separator option is given multiple times only the + last one is used. E.g., `%(trailers:key=Ticket,separator=%x2C )` + shows all trailer lines whose key is "Ticket" separated by a comma + and a space. +** 'unfold[=val]': make it behave as if interpret-trailer's `--unfold` + option was given. In same way as to for `only` it can be followed + by an equal sign and explicit value. E.g., + `%(trailers:only,unfold=true)` unfolds and shows all trailer lines. +** 'valueonly[=val]': skip over the key part of the trailer line and only + show the value part. Also this optionally allows explicit value. NOTE: Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the revision traversal engine. For example, the `%g*` reflog options will diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt index bab5f50..ca959a7 100644 --- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt @@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ has a line that matches `<pattern>`), unless otherwise noted. Note that these are applied before commit ordering and formatting options, such as `--reverse`. --- - -<number>:: -n <number>:: --max-count=<number>:: @@ -272,13 +270,13 @@ depending on a few rules: + -- 1. If the starting point is specified as `ref@{Nth}`, show the index -format. + format. + 2. If the starting point was specified as `ref@{now}`, show the -timestamp format. + timestamp format. + 3. If neither was used, but `--date` was given on the command line, show -the timestamp in the format requested by `--date`. + the timestamp in the format requested by `--date`. + 4. Otherwise, show the index format. -- @@ -308,8 +306,6 @@ ifdef::git-rev-list[] `<header>` text will be printed with each progress update. endif::git-rev-list[] --- - History Simplification ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -734,8 +730,13 @@ specification contained in <path>. + The form '--filter=tree:<depth>' omits all blobs and trees whose depth from the root tree is >= <depth> (minimum depth if an object is located -at multiple depths in the commits traversed). Currently, only <depth>=0 -is supported, which omits all blobs and trees. +at multiple depths in the commits traversed). <depth>=0 will not include +any trees or blobs unless included explicitly in the command-line (or +standard input when --stdin is used). <depth>=1 will include only the +tree and blobs which are referenced directly by a commit reachable from +<commit> or an explicitly-given object. <depth>=2 is like <depth>=1 +while also including trees and blobs one more level removed from an +explicitly-given commit or tree. --no-filter:: Turn off any previous `--filter=` argument. @@ -835,6 +836,13 @@ Note that the `-local` option does not affect the seconds-since-epoch value (which is always measured in UTC), but does switch the accompanying timezone value. + +`--date=human` shows the timezone if the timezone does not match the +current time-zone, and doesn't print the whole date if that matches +(ie skip printing year for dates that are "this year", but also skip +the whole date itself if it's in the last few days and we can just say +what weekday it was). For older dates the hour and minute is also +omitted. ++ `--date=unix` shows the date as a Unix epoch timestamp (seconds since 1970). As with `--raw`, this is always in UTC and therefore `-local` has no effect. @@ -952,6 +960,13 @@ options may be given. See linkgit:git-diff-files[1] for more options. the parents have only two variants and the merge result picks one of them without modification. +--combined-all-paths:: + This flag causes combined diffs (used for merge commits) to + list the name of the file from all parents. It thus only has + effect when -c or --cc are specified, and is likely only + useful if filename changes are detected (i.e. when either + rename or copy detection have been requested). + -m:: This flag makes the merge commits show the full diff like regular commits; for each merge parent, a separate log entry diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-oid-array.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-oid-array.txt index 9febfb1..c97428c 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-oid-array.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-oid-array.txt @@ -48,6 +48,11 @@ Functions is not sorted, this function has the side effect of sorting it. +`oid_array_filter`:: + Apply the callback function `want` to each entry in the array, + retaining only the entries for which the function returns true. + Preserve the order of the entries that are retained. + Examples -------- diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-trace2.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-trace2.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2de565f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-trace2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1349 @@ += Trace2 API + +The Trace2 API can be used to print debug, performance, and telemetry +information to stderr or a file. The Trace2 feature is inactive unless +explicitly enabled by enabling one or more Trace2 Targets. + +The Trace2 API is intended to replace the existing (Trace1) +printf-style tracing provided by the existing `GIT_TRACE` and +`GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE` facilities. During initial implementation, +Trace2 and Trace1 may operate in parallel. + +The Trace2 API defines a set of high-level messages with known fields, +such as (`start`: `argv`) and (`exit`: {`exit-code`, `elapsed-time`}). + +Trace2 instrumentation throughout the Git code base sends Trace2 +messages to the enabled Trace2 Targets. Targets transform these +messages content into purpose-specific formats and write events to +their data streams. In this manner, the Trace2 API can drive +many different types of analysis. + +Targets are defined using a VTable allowing easy extension to other +formats in the future. This might be used to define a binary format, +for example. + +== Trace2 Targets + +Trace2 defines the following set of Trace2 Targets. +Format details are given in a later section. + +`GIT_TR2` (NORMAL):: + + a simple printf format like GIT_TRACE. ++ +------------ +$ export GIT_TR2=~/log.normal +$ git version +git version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb +------------ ++ +------------ +$ cat ~/log.normal +12:28:42.620009 common-main.c:38 version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb +12:28:42.620989 common-main.c:39 start git version +12:28:42.621101 git.c:432 cmd_name version (version) +12:28:42.621215 git.c:662 exit elapsed:0.001227 code:0 +12:28:42.621250 trace2/tr2_tgt_normal.c:124 atexit elapsed:0.001265 code:0 +------------ + +`GIT_TR2_PERF` (PERF):: + + a column-based format to replace GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE suitable for + development and testing, possibly to complement tools like gprof. ++ +------------ +$ export GIT_TR2_PERF=~/log.perf +$ git version +git version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb +------------ ++ +------------ +$ cat ~/log.perf +12:28:42.620675 common-main.c:38 | d0 | main | version | | | | | 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb +12:28:42.621001 common-main.c:39 | d0 | main | start | | | | | git version +12:28:42.621111 git.c:432 | d0 | main | cmd_name | | | | | version (version) +12:28:42.621225 git.c:662 | d0 | main | exit | | 0.001227 | | | code:0 +12:28:42.621259 trace2/tr2_tgt_perf.c:211 | d0 | main | atexit | | 0.001265 | | | code:0 +------------ + +`GIT_TR2_EVENT` (EVENT):: + + a JSON-based format of event data suitable for telemetry analysis. ++ +------------ +$ export GIT_TR2_EVENT=~/log.event +$ git version +git version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb +------------ ++ +------------ +$ cat ~/log.event +{"event":"version","sid":"1547659722619736-11614","thread":"main","time":"2019-01-16 17:28:42.620713","file":"common-main.c","line":38,"evt":"1","exe":"2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb"} +{"event":"start","sid":"1547659722619736-11614","thread":"main","time":"2019-01-16 17:28:42.621027","file":"common-main.c","line":39,"argv":["git","version"]} +{"event":"cmd_name","sid":"1547659722619736-11614","thread":"main","time":"2019-01-16 17:28:42.621122","file":"git.c","line":432,"name":"version","hierarchy":"version"} +{"event":"exit","sid":"1547659722619736-11614","thread":"main","time":"2019-01-16 17:28:42.621236","file":"git.c","line":662,"t_abs":0.001227,"code":0} +{"event":"atexit","sid":"1547659722619736-11614","thread":"main","time":"2019-01-16 17:28:42.621268","file":"trace2/tr2_tgt_event.c","line":163,"t_abs":0.001265,"code":0} +------------ + +== Enabling a Target + +A Trace2 Target is enabled when the corresponding environment variable +(`GIT_TR2`, `GIT_TR2_PERF`, or `GIT_TR2_EVENT`) is set. The following +values are recognized. + +`0`:: +`false`:: + + Disables the target. + +`1`:: +`true`:: + + Enables the target and writes stream to `STDERR`. + +`[2-9]`:: + + Enables the target and writes to the already opened file descriptor. + +`<absolute-pathname>`:: + + Enables the target, opens and writes to the file in append mode. + +`af_unix:[<socket_type>:]<absolute-pathname>`:: + + Enables the target, opens and writes to a Unix Domain Socket + (on platforms that support them). ++ +Socket type can be either `stream` or `dgram`. If the socket type is +omitted, Git will try both. + +== Trace2 API + +All public Trace2 functions and macros are defined in `trace2.h` and +`trace2.c`. All public symbols are prefixed with `trace2_`. + +There are no public Trace2 data structures. + +The Trace2 code also defines a set of private functions and data types +in the `trace2/` directory. These symbols are prefixed with `tr2_` +and should only be used by functions in `trace2.c`. + +== Conventions for Public Functions and Macros + +The functions defined by the Trace2 API are declared and documented +in `trace2.h`. It defines the API functions and wrapper macros for +Trace2. + +Some functions have a `_fl()` suffix to indicate that they take `file` +and `line-number` arguments. + +Some functions have a `_va_fl()` suffix to indicate that they also +take a `va_list` argument. + +Some functions have a `_printf_fl()` suffix to indicate that they also +take a varargs argument. + +There are CPP wrapper macros and ifdefs to hide most of these details. +See `trace2.h` for more details. The following discussion will only +describe the simplified forms. + +== Public API + +All Trace2 API functions send a messsage to all of the active +Trace2 Targets. This section describes the set of available +messages. + +It helps to divide these functions into groups for discussion +purposes. + +=== Basic Command Messages + +These are concerned with the lifetime of the overall git process. + +`void trace2_initialize()`:: + + Determines if any Trace2 Targets should be enabled and + initializes the Trace2 facility. This includes starting the + elapsed time clocks and thread local storage (TLS). ++ +This function emits a "version" message containing the version of git +and the Trace2 protocol. ++ +This function should be called from `main()` as early as possible in +the life of the process. + +`int trace2_is_enabled()`:: + + Returns 1 if Trace2 is enabled (at least one target is + active). + +`void trace2_cmd_start(int argc, const char **argv)`:: + + Emits a "start" message containing the process command line + arguments. + +`int trace2_cmd_exit(int exit_code)`:: + + Emits an "exit" message containing the process exit-code and + elapsed time. ++ +Returns the exit-code. + +`void trace2_cmd_error(const char *fmt, va_list ap)`:: + + Emits an "error" message containing a formatted error message. + +`void trace2_cmd_path(const char *pathname)`:: + + Emits a "cmd_path" message with the full pathname of the + current process. + +=== Command Detail Messages + +These are concerned with describing the specific Git command +after the command line, config, and environment are inspected. + +`void trace2_cmd_name(const char *name)`:: + + Emits a "cmd_name" message with the canonical name of the + command, for example "status" or "checkout". + +`void trace2_cmd_mode(const char *mode)`:: + + Emits a "cmd_mode" message with a qualifier name to further + describe the current git command. ++ +This message is intended to be used with git commands having multiple +major modes. For example, a "checkout" command can checkout a new +branch or it can checkout a single file, so the checkout code could +emit a cmd_mode message of "branch" or "file". + +`void trace2_cmd_alias(const char *alias, const char **argv_expansion)`:: + + Emits an "alias" message containing the alias used and the + argument expansion. + +`void trace2_def_param(const char *parameter, const char *value)`:: + + Emits a "def_param" message containing a key/value pair. ++ +This message is intended to report some global aspect of the current +command, such as a configuration setting or command line switch that +significantly affects program performance or behavior, such as +`core.abbrev`, `status.showUntrackedFiles`, or `--no-ahead-behind`. + +`void trace2_cmd_list_config()`:: + + Emits a "def_param" messages for "important" configuration + settings. ++ +The environment variable `GIT_TR2_CONFIG_PARAMS` can be set to a +list of patterns of important configuration settings, for example: +`core.*,remote.*.url`. This function will iterate over all config +settings and emit a "def_param" message for each match. + +`void trace2_cmd_set_config(const char *key, const char *value)`:: + + Emits a "def_param" message for a specific configuration + setting IFF it matches the `GIT_TR2_CONFIG_PARAMS` pattern. ++ +This is used to hook into `git_config_set()` and catch any +configuration changes and update a value previously reported by +`trace2_cmd_list_config()`. + +`void trace2_def_repo(struct repository *repo)`:: + + Registers a repository with the Trace2 layer. Assigns a + unique "repo-id" to `repo->trace2_repo_id`. ++ +Emits a "worktree" messages containing the repo-id and the worktree +pathname. ++ +Region and data messages (described later) may refer to this repo-id. ++ +The main/top-level repository will have repo-id value 1 (aka "r1"). ++ +The repo-id field is in anticipation of future in-proc submodule +repositories. + +=== Child Process Messages + +These are concerned with the various spawned child processes, +including shell scripts, git commands, editors, pagers, and hooks. + +`void trace2_child_start(struct child_process *cmd)`:: + + Emits a "child_start" message containing the "child-id", + "child-argv", and "child-classification". ++ +Before calling this, set `cmd->trace2_child_class` to a name +describing the type of child process, for example "editor". ++ +This function assigns a unique "child-id" to `cmd->trace2_child_id`. +This field is used later during the "child_exit" message to associate +it with the "child_start" message. ++ +This function should be called before spawning the child process. + +`void trace2_child_exit(struct child_proess *cmd, int child_exit_code)`:: + + Emits a "child_exit" message containing the "child-id", + the child's elapsed time and exit-code. ++ +The reported elapsed time includes the process creation overhead and +time spend waiting for it to exit, so it may be slightly longer than +the time reported by the child itself. ++ +This function should be called after reaping the child process. + +`int trace2_exec(const char *exe, const char **argv)`:: + + Emits a "exec" message containing the "exec-id" and the + argv of the new process. ++ +This function should be called before calling one of the `exec()` +variants, such as `execvp()`. ++ +This function returns a unique "exec-id". This value is used later +if the exec() fails and a "exec-result" message is necessary. + +`void trace2_exec_result(int exec_id, int error_code)`:: + + Emits a "exec_result" message containing the "exec-id" + and the error code. ++ +On Unix-based systems, `exec()` does not return if successful. +This message is used to indicate that the `exec()` failed and +that the current program is continuing. + +=== Git Thread Messages + +These messages are concerned with Git thread usage. + +`void trace2_thread_start(const char *thread_name)`:: + + Emits a "thread_start" message. ++ +The `thread_name` field should be a descriptive name, such as the +unique name of the thread-proc. A unique "thread-id" will be added +to the name to uniquely identify thread instances. ++ +Region and data messages (described later) may refer to this thread +name. ++ +This function must be called by the thread-proc of the new thread +(so that TLS data is properly initialized) and not by the caller +of `pthread_create()`. + +`void trace2_thread_exit()`:: + + Emits a "thread_exit" message containing the thread name + and the thread elapsed time. ++ +This function must be called by the thread-proc before it returns +(so that the coorect TLS data is used and cleaned up. It should +not be called by the caller of `pthread_join()`. + +=== Region and Data Messages + +These are concerned with recording performance data +over regions or spans of code. + +`void trace2_region_enter(const char *category, const char *label, const struct repository *repo)`:: + +`void trace2_region_enter_printf(const char *category, const char *label, const struct repository *repo, const char *fmt, ...)`:: + +`void trace2_region_enter_printf_va(const char *category, const char *label, const struct repository *repo, const char *fmt, va_list ap)`:: + + Emits a thread-relative "region_enter" message with optional + printf string. ++ +This function pushes a new region nesting stack level on the current +thread and starts a clock for the new stack frame. ++ +The `category` field is an arbitrary category name used to classify +regions by feature area, such as "status" or "index". At this time +it is only just printed along with the rest of the message. It may +be used in the future to filter messages. ++ +The `label` field is an arbitrary label used to describe the activity +being started, such as "read_recursive" or "do_read_index". ++ +The `repo` field, if set, will be used to get the "repo-id", so that +recursive oerations can be attributed to the correct repository. + +`void trace2_region_leave(const char *category, const char *label, const struct repository *repo)`:: + +`void trace2_region_leave_printf(const char *category, const char *label, const struct repository *repo, const char *fmt, ...)`:: + +`void trace2_region_leave_printf_va(const char *category, const char *label, const struct repository *repo, const char *fmt, va_list ap)`:: + + Emits a thread-relative "region_leave" message with optional + printf string. ++ +This function pops the region nesting stack on the current thread +and reports the elapsed time of the stack frame. ++ +The `category`, `label`, and `repo` fields are the same as above. +The `category` and `label` do not need to match the correpsonding +"region_enter" message, but it makes the data stream easier to +understand. + +`void trace2_data_string(const char *category, const struct repository *repo, const char *key, const char * value)`:: + +`void trace2_data_intmax(const char *category, const struct repository *repo, const char *key, intmax value)`:: + +`void trace2_data_json(const char *category, const struct repository *repo, const char *key, const struct json_writer *jw)`:: + + Emits a region- and thread-relative "data" or "data_json" message. ++ +This is a key/value pair message containing information about the +current thread, region stack, and repository. This could be used +to print the number of files in a directory during a multi-threaded +recursive tree walk. + +`void trace2_printf(const char *fmt, ...)`:: + +`void trace2_printf_va(const char *fmt, va_list ap)`:: + + Emits a region- and thread-relative "printf" message. + +== Trace2 Target Formats + +=== NORMAL Format + +NORMAL format is enabled when the `GIT_TR2` environment variable is +set. + +Events are written as lines of the form: + +------------ +[<time> SP <filename>:<line> SP+] <event-name> [[SP] <event-message>] LF +------------ + +`<event-name>`:: + + is the event name. + +`<event-message>`:: + is a free-form printf message intended for human consumption. ++ +Note that this may contain embedded LF or CRLF characters that are +not escaped, so the event may spill across multiple lines. + +If `GIT_TR2_BRIEF` is true, the `time`, `filename`, and `line` fields +are omitted. + +This target is intended to be more of a summary (like GIT_TRACE) and +less detailed than the other targets. It ignores thread, region, and +data messages, for example. + +=== PERF Format + +PERF format is enabled when the `GIT_TR2_PERF` environment variable +is set. + +Events are written as lines of the form: + +------------ +[<time> SP <filename>:<line> SP+ + BAR SP] d<depth> SP + BAR SP <thread-name> SP+ + BAR SP <event-name> SP+ + BAR SP [r<repo-id>] SP+ + BAR SP [<t_abs>] SP+ + BAR SP [<t_rel>] SP+ + BAR SP [<category>] SP+ + BAR SP DOTS* <perf-event-message> + LF +------------ + +`<depth>`:: + is the git process depth. This is the number of parent + git processes. A top-level git command has depth value "d0". + A child of it has depth value "d1". A second level child + has depth value "d2" and so on. + +`<thread-name>`:: + is a unique name for the thread. The primary thread + is called "main". Other thread names are of the form "th%d:%s" + and include a unique number and the name of the thread-proc. + +`<event-name>`:: + is the event name. + +`<repo-id>`:: + when present, is a number indicating the repository + in use. A `def_repo` event is emitted when a repository is + opened. This defines the repo-id and associated worktree. + Subsequent repo-specific events will reference this repo-id. ++ +Currently, this is always "r1" for the main repository. +This field is in anticipation of in-proc submodules in the future. + +`<t_abs>`:: + when present, is the absolute time in seconds since the + program started. + +`<t_rel>`:: + when present, is time in seconds relative to the start of + the current region. For a thread-exit event, it is the elapsed + time of the thread. + +`<category>`:: + is present on region and data events and is used to + indicate a broad category, such as "index" or "status". + +`<perf-event-message>`:: + is a free-form printf message intended for human consumption. + +------------ +15:33:33.532712 wt-status.c:2310 | d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.126064 | | status | label:print +15:33:33.532712 wt-status.c:2331 | d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.127568 | 0.001504 | status | label:print +------------ + +If `GIT_TR2_PERF_BRIEF` is true, the `time`, `file`, and `line` +fields are omitted. + +------------ +d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.011717 | 0.009122 | index | label:preload +------------ + +The PERF target is intended for interactive performance analysis +during development and is quite noisy. + +=== EVENT Format + +EVENT format is enabled when the `GIT_TR2_EVENT` environment +variable is set. + +Each event is a JSON-object containing multiple key/value pairs +written as a single line and followed by a LF. + +------------ +'{' <key> ':' <value> [',' <key> ':' <value>]* '}' LF +------------ + +Some key/value pairs are common to all events and some are +event-specific. + +==== Common Key/Value Pairs + +The following key/value pairs are common to all events: + +------------ +{ + "event":"version", + "sid":"1547659722619736-11614", + "thread":"main", + "time":"2019-01-16 17:28:42.620713", + "file":"common-main.c", + "line":38, + ... +} +------------ + +`"event":<event>`:: + is the event name. + +`"sid":<sid>`:: + is the session-id. This is a unique string to identify the + process instance to allow all events emitted by a process to + be identified. A session-id is used instead of a PID because + PIDs are recycled by the OS. For child git processes, the + session-id is prepended with the session-id of the parent git + process to allow parent-child relationships to be identified + during post-processing. + +`"thread":<thread>`:: + is the thread name. + +`"time":<time>`:: + is the UTC time of the event. + +`"file":<filename>`:: + is source file generating the event. + +`"line":<line-number>`:: + is the integer source line number generating the event. + +`"repo":<repo-id>`:: + when present, is the integer repo-id as described previously. + +If `GIT_TR2_EVENT_BRIEF` is true, the `file` and `line` fields are omitted +from all events and the `time` field is only present on the "start" and +"atexit" events. + +==== Event-Specific Key/Value Pairs + +`"version"`:: + This event gives the version of the executable and the EVENT format. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"version", + ... + "evt":"1", # EVENT format version + "exe":"2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb" # git version +} +------------ + +`"start"`:: + This event contains the complete argv received by main(). ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"start", + ... + "argv":["git","version"] +} +------------ + +`"exit"`:: + This event is emitted when git calls `exit()`. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"exit", + ... + "t_abs":0.001227, # elapsed time in seconds + "code":0 # exit code +} +------------ + +`"atexit"`:: + This event is emitted by the Trace2 `atexit` routine during + final shutdown. It should be the last event emitted by the + process. ++ +(The elapsed time reported here is greater than the time reported in +the "exit" event because it runs after all other atexit tasks have +completed.) ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"atexit", + ... + "t_abs":0.001227, # elapsed time in seconds + "code":0 # exit code +} +------------ + +`"signal"`:: + This event is emitted when the program is terminated by a user + signal. Depending on the platform, the signal event may + prevent the "atexit" event from being generated. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"signal", + ... + "t_abs":0.001227, # elapsed time in seconds + "signal":13 # SIGTERM, SIGINT, etc. +} +------------ + +`"error"`:: + This event is emitted when one of the `error()`, `die()`, + or `usage()` functions are called. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"error", + ... + "msg":"invalid option: --cahced", # formatted error message + "fmt":"invalid option: %s" # error format string +} +------------ ++ +The error event may be emitted more than once. The format string +allows post-processors to group errors by type without worrying +about specific error arguments. + +`"cmd_path"`:: + This event contains the discovered full path of the git + executable (on platforms that are configured to resolve it). ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"cmd_path", + ... + "path":"C:/work/gfw/git.exe" +} +------------ + +`"cmd_name"`:: + This event contains the command name for this git process + and the hierarchy of commands from parent git processes. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"cmd_name", + ... + "name":"pack-objects", + "hierarchy":"push/pack-objects" +} +------------ ++ +Normally, the "name" field contains the canonical name of the +command. When a canonical name is not available, one of +these special values are used: ++ +------------ +"_query_" # "git --html-path" +"_run_dashed_" # when "git foo" tries to run "git-foo" +"_run_shell_alias_" # alias expansion to a shell command +"_run_git_alias_" # alias expansion to a git command +"_usage_" # usage error +------------ + +`"cmd_mode"`:: + This event, when present, describes the command variant This + event may be emitted more than once. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"cmd_mode", + ... + "name":"branch" +} +------------ ++ +The "name" field is an arbitrary string to describe the command mode. +For example, checkout can checkout a branch or an individual file. +And these variations typically have different performance +characteristics that are not comparable. + +`"alias"`:: + This event is present when an alias is expanded. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"alias", + ... + "alias":"l", # registered alias + "argv":["log","--graph"] # alias expansion +} +------------ + +`"child_start"`:: + This event describes a child process that is about to be + spawned. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"child_start", + ... + "child_id":2, + "child_class":"?", + "use_shell":false, + "argv":["git","rev-list","--objects","--stdin","--not","--all","--quiet"] + + "hook_name":"<hook_name>" # present when child_class is "hook" + "cd":"<path>" # present when cd is required +} +------------ ++ +The "child_id" field can be used to match this child_start with the +corresponding child_exit event. ++ +The "child_class" field is a rough classification, such as "editor", +"pager", "transport/*", and "hook". Unclassified children are classified +with "?". + +`"child_exit"`:: + This event is generated after the current process has returned + from the waitpid() and collected the exit information from the + child. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"child_exit", + ... + "child_id":2, + "pid":14708, # child PID + "code":0, # child exit-code + "t_rel":0.110605 # observed run-time of child process +} +------------ ++ +Note that the session-id of the child process is not available to +the current/spawning process, so the child's PID is reported here as +a hint for post-processing. (But it is only a hint because the child +proces may be a shell script which doesn't have a session-id.) ++ +Note that the `t_rel` field contains the observed run time in seconds +for the child process (starting before the fork/exec/spawn and +stopping after the waitpid() and includes OS process creation overhead). +So this time will be slightly larger than the atexit time reported by +the child process itself. + +`"exec"`:: + This event is generated before git attempts to `exec()` + another command rather than starting a child process. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"exec", + ... + "exec_id":0, + "exe":"git", + "argv":["foo", "bar"] +} +------------ ++ +The "exec_id" field is a command-unique id and is only useful if the +`exec()` fails and a corresponding exec_result event is generated. + +`"exec_result"`:: + This event is generated if the `exec()` fails and control + returns to the current git command. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"exec_result", + ... + "exec_id":0, + "code":1 # error code (errno) from exec() +} +------------ + +`"thread_start"`:: + This event is generated when a thread is started. It is + generated from *within* the new thread's thread-proc (for TLS + reasons). ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"thread_start", + ... + "thread":"th02:preload_thread" # thread name +} +------------ + +`"thread_exit"`:: + This event is generated when a thread exits. It is generated + from *within* the thread's thread-proc (for TLS reasons). ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"thread_exit", + ... + "thread":"th02:preload_thread", # thread name + "t_rel":0.007328 # thread elapsed time +} +------------ + +`"def_param"`:: + This event is generated to log a global parameter. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"def_param", + ... + "param":"core.abbrev", + "value":"7" +} +------------ + +`"def_repo"`:: + This event defines a repo-id and associates it with the root + of the worktree. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"def_repo", + ... + "repo":1, + "worktree":"/Users/jeffhost/work/gfw" +} +------------ ++ +As stated earlier, the repo-id is currently always 1, so there will +only be one def_repo event. Later, if in-proc submodules are +supported, a def_repo event should be emitted for each submodule +visited. + +`"region_enter"`:: + This event is generated when entering a region. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"region_enter", + ... + "repo":1, # optional + "nesting":1, # current region stack depth + "category":"index", # optional + "label":"do_read_index", # optional + "msg":".git/index" # optional +} +------------ ++ +The `category` field may be used in a future enhancement to +do category-based filtering. ++ +The `GIT_TR2_EVENT_NESTING` environment variable can be used to +filter deeply nested regions and data events. It defaults to "2". + +`"region_leave"`:: + This event is generated when leaving a region. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"region_leave", + ... + "repo":1, # optional + "t_rel":0.002876, # time spent in region in seconds + "nesting":1, # region stack depth + "category":"index", # optional + "label":"do_read_index", # optional + "msg":".git/index" # optional +} +------------ + +`"data"`:: + This event is generated to log a thread- and region-local + key/value pair. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"data", + ... + "repo":1, # optional + "t_abs":0.024107, # absolute elapsed time + "t_rel":0.001031, # elapsed time in region/thread + "nesting":2, # region stack depth + "category":"index", + "key":"read/cache_nr", + "value":"3552" +} +------------ ++ +The "value" field may be an integer or a string. + +`"data-json"`:: + This event is generated to log a pre-formatted JSON string + containing structured data. ++ +------------ +{ + "event":"data_json", + ... + "repo":1, # optional + "t_abs":0.015905, + "t_rel":0.015905, + "nesting":1, + "category":"process", + "key":"windows/ancestry", + "value":["bash.exe","bash.exe"] +} +------------ + +== Example Trace2 API Usage + +Here is a hypothetical usage of the Trace2 API showing the intended +usage (without worrying about the actual Git details). + +Initialization:: + + Initialization happens in `main()`. Behind the scenes, an + `atexit` and `signal` handler are registered. ++ +---------------- +int main(int argc, const char **argv) +{ + int exit_code; + + trace2_initialize(); + trace2_cmd_start(argv); + + exit_code = cmd_main(argc, argv); + + trace2_cmd_exit(exit_code); + + return exit_code; +} +---------------- + +Command Details:: + + After the basics are established, additional command + information can be sent to Trace2 as it is discovered. ++ +---------------- +int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv) +{ + trace2_cmd_name("checkout"); + trace2_cmd_mode("branch"); + trace2_def_repo(the_repository); + + // emit "def_param" messages for "interesting" config settings. + trace2_cmd_list_config(); + + if (do_something()) + trace2_cmd_error("Path '%s': cannot do something", path); + + return 0; +} +---------------- + +Child Processes:: + + Wrap code spawning child processes. ++ +---------------- +void run_child(...) +{ + int child_exit_code; + struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT; + ... + cmd.trace2_child_class = "editor"; + + trace2_child_start(&cmd); + child_exit_code = spawn_child_and_wait_for_it(); + trace2_child_exit(&cmd, child_exit_code); +} +---------------- ++ +For example, the following fetch command spawned ssh, index-pack, +rev-list, and gc. This example also shows that fetch took +5.199 seconds and of that 4.932 was in ssh. ++ +---------------- +$ export GIT_TR2_BRIEF=1 +$ export GIT_TR2=~/log.normal +$ git fetch origin +... +---------------- ++ +---------------- +$ cat ~/log.normal +version 2.20.1.vfs.1.1.47.g534dbe1ad1 +start git fetch origin +worktree /Users/jeffhost/work/gfw +cmd_name fetch (fetch) +child_start[0] ssh git@github.com ... +child_start[1] git index-pack ... +... (Trace2 events from child processes omitted) +child_exit[1] pid:14707 code:0 elapsed:0.076353 +child_exit[0] pid:14706 code:0 elapsed:4.931869 +child_start[2] git rev-list ... +... (Trace2 events from child process omitted) +child_exit[2] pid:14708 code:0 elapsed:0.110605 +child_start[3] git gc --auto +... (Trace2 events from child process omitted) +child_exit[3] pid:14709 code:0 elapsed:0.006240 +exit elapsed:5.198503 code:0 +atexit elapsed:5.198541 code:0 +---------------- ++ +When a git process is a (direct or indirect) child of another +git process, it inherits Trace2 context information. This +allows the child to print the command hierarchy. This example +shows gc as child[3] of fetch. When the gc process reports +its name as "gc", it also reports the hierarchy as "fetch/gc". +(In this example, trace2 messages from the child process is +indented for clarity.) ++ +---------------- +$ export GIT_TR2_BRIEF=1 +$ export GIT_TR2=~/log.normal +$ git fetch origin +... +---------------- ++ +---------------- +$ cat ~/log.normal +version 2.20.1.160.g5676107ecd.dirty +start git fetch official +worktree /Users/jeffhost/work/gfw +cmd_name fetch (fetch) +... +child_start[3] git gc --auto + version 2.20.1.160.g5676107ecd.dirty + start /Users/jeffhost/work/gfw/git gc --auto + worktree /Users/jeffhost/work/gfw + cmd_name gc (fetch/gc) + exit elapsed:0.001959 code:0 + atexit elapsed:0.001997 code:0 +child_exit[3] pid:20303 code:0 elapsed:0.007564 +exit elapsed:3.868938 code:0 +atexit elapsed:3.868970 code:0 +---------------- + +Regions:: + + Regions can be use to time an interesting section of code. ++ +---------------- +void wt_status_collect(struct wt_status *s) +{ + trace2_region_enter("status", "worktrees", s->repo); + wt_status_collect_changes_worktree(s); + trace2_region_leave("status", "worktrees", s->repo); + + trace2_region_enter("status", "index", s->repo); + wt_status_collect_changes_index(s); + trace2_region_leave("status", "index", s->repo); + + trace2_region_enter("status", "untracked", s->repo); + wt_status_collect_untracked(s); + trace2_region_leave("status", "untracked", s->repo); +} + +void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s) +{ + trace2_region_enter("status", "print", s->repo); + switch (s->status_format) { + ... + } + trace2_region_leave("status", "print", s->repo); +} +---------------- ++ +In this example, scanning for untracked files ran from +0.012568 to ++0.027149 (since the process started) and took 0.014581 seconds. ++ +---------------- +$ export GIT_TR2_PERF_BRIEF=1 +$ export GIT_TR2_PERF=~/log.perf +$ git status +... + +$ cat ~/log.perf +d0 | main | version | | | | | 2.20.1.160.g5676107ecd.dirty +d0 | main | start | | | | | git status +d0 | main | def_repo | r1 | | | | worktree:/Users/jeffhost/work/gfw +d0 | main | cmd_name | | | | | status (status) +... +d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.010988 | | status | label:worktrees +d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.011236 | 0.000248 | status | label:worktrees +d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.011260 | | status | label:index +d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.012542 | 0.001282 | status | label:index +d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.012568 | | status | label:untracked +d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.027149 | 0.014581 | status | label:untracked +d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.027411 | | status | label:print +d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.028741 | 0.001330 | status | label:print +d0 | main | exit | | 0.028778 | | | code:0 +d0 | main | atexit | | 0.028809 | | | code:0 +---------------- ++ +Regions may be nested. This causes messages to be indented in the +PERF target, for example. +Elapsed times are relative to the start of the correpsonding nesting +level as expected. For example, if we add region message to: ++ +---------------- +static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, + struct index_state *istate, const char *base, int baselen, + struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked, int check_only, + int stop_at_first_file, const struct pathspec *pathspec) +{ + enum path_treatment state, subdir_state, dir_state = path_none; + + trace2_region_enter_printf("dir", "read_recursive", NULL, "%.*s", baselen, base); + ... + trace2_region_leave_printf("dir", "read_recursive", NULL, "%.*s", baselen, base); + return dir_state; +} +---------------- ++ +We can further investigate the time spent scanning for untracked files. ++ +---------------- +$ export GIT_TR2_PERF_BRIEF=1 +$ export GIT_TR2_PERF=~/log.perf +$ git status +... +$ cat ~/log.perf +d0 | main | version | | | | | 2.20.1.162.gb4ccea44db.dirty +d0 | main | start | | | | | git status +d0 | main | def_repo | r1 | | | | worktree:/Users/jeffhost/work/gfw +d0 | main | cmd_name | | | | | status (status) +... +d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.015047 | | status | label:untracked +d0 | main | region_enter | | 0.015132 | | dir | ..label:read_recursive +d0 | main | region_enter | | 0.016341 | | dir | ....label:read_recursive vcs-svn/ +d0 | main | region_leave | | 0.016422 | 0.000081 | dir | ....label:read_recursive vcs-svn/ +d0 | main | region_enter | | 0.016446 | | dir | ....label:read_recursive xdiff/ +d0 | main | region_leave | | 0.016522 | 0.000076 | dir | ....label:read_recursive xdiff/ +d0 | main | region_enter | | 0.016612 | | dir | ....label:read_recursive git-gui/ +d0 | main | region_enter | | 0.016698 | | dir | ......label:read_recursive git-gui/po/ +d0 | main | region_enter | | 0.016810 | | dir | ........label:read_recursive git-gui/po/glossary/ +d0 | main | region_leave | | 0.016863 | 0.000053 | dir | ........label:read_recursive git-gui/po/glossary/ +... +d0 | main | region_enter | | 0.031876 | | dir | ....label:read_recursive builtin/ +d0 | main | region_leave | | 0.032270 | 0.000394 | dir | ....label:read_recursive builtin/ +d0 | main | region_leave | | 0.032414 | 0.017282 | dir | ..label:read_recursive +d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.032454 | 0.017407 | status | label:untracked +... +d0 | main | exit | | 0.034279 | | | code:0 +d0 | main | atexit | | 0.034322 | | | code:0 +---------------- ++ +Trace2 regions are similar to the existing trace_performance_enter() +and trace_performance_leave() routines, but are thread safe and +maintain per-thread stacks of timers. + +Data Messages:: + + Data messages added to a region. ++ +---------------- +int read_index_from(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, + const char *gitdir) +{ + trace2_region_enter_printf("index", "do_read_index", the_repository, "%s", path); + + ... + + trace2_data_intmax("index", the_repository, "read/version", istate->version); + trace2_data_intmax("index", the_repository, "read/cache_nr", istate->cache_nr); + + trace2_region_leave_printf("index", "do_read_index", the_repository, "%s", path); +} +---------------- ++ +This example shows that the index contained 3552 entries. ++ +---------------- +$ export GIT_TR2_PERF_BRIEF=1 +$ export GIT_TR2_PERF=~/log.perf +$ git status +... +$ cat ~/log.perf +d0 | main | version | | | | | 2.20.1.156.gf9916ae094.dirty +d0 | main | start | | | | | git status +d0 | main | def_repo | r1 | | | | worktree:/Users/jeffhost/work/gfw +d0 | main | cmd_name | | | | | status (status) +d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.001791 | | index | label:do_read_index .git/index +d0 | main | data | r1 | 0.002494 | 0.000703 | index | ..read/version:2 +d0 | main | data | r1 | 0.002520 | 0.000729 | index | ..read/cache_nr:3552 +d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.002539 | 0.000748 | index | label:do_read_index .git/index +... +---------------- + +Thread Events:: + + Thread messages added to a thread-proc. ++ +For example, the multithreaded preload-index code can be +instrumented with a region around the thread pool and then +per-thread start and exit events within the threadproc. ++ +---------------- +static void *preload_thread(void *_data) +{ + // start the per-thread clock and emit a message. + trace2_thread_start("preload_thread"); + + // report which chunk of the array this thread was assigned. + trace2_data_intmax("index", the_repository, "offset", p->offset); + trace2_data_intmax("index", the_repository, "count", nr); + + do { + ... + } while (--nr > 0); + ... + + // report elapsed time taken by this thread. + trace2_thread_exit(); + return NULL; +} + +void preload_index(struct index_state *index, + const struct pathspec *pathspec, + unsigned int refresh_flags) +{ + trace2_region_enter("index", "preload", the_repository); + + for (i = 0; i < threads; i++) { + ... /* create thread */ + } + + for (i = 0; i < threads; i++) { + ... /* join thread */ + } + + trace2_region_leave("index", "preload", the_repository); +} +---------------- ++ +In this example preload_index() was executed by the `main` thread +and started the `preload` region. Seven threads, named +`th01:preload_thread` through `th07:preload_thread`, were started. +Events from each thread are atomically appended to the shared target +stream as they occur so they may appear in random order with respect +other threads. Finally, the main thread waits for the threads to +finish and leaves the region. ++ +Data events are tagged with the active thread name. They are used +to report the per-thread parameters. ++ +---------------- +$ export GIT_TR2_PERF_BRIEF=1 +$ export GIT_TR2_PERF=~/log.perf +$ git status +... +$ cat ~/log.perf +... +d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.002595 | | index | label:preload +d0 | th01:preload_thread | thread_start | | 0.002699 | | | +d0 | th02:preload_thread | thread_start | | 0.002721 | | | +d0 | th01:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.002736 | 0.000037 | index | offset:0 +d0 | th02:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.002751 | 0.000030 | index | offset:2032 +d0 | th03:preload_thread | thread_start | | 0.002711 | | | +d0 | th06:preload_thread | thread_start | | 0.002739 | | | +d0 | th01:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.002766 | 0.000067 | index | count:508 +d0 | th06:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.002856 | 0.000117 | index | offset:2540 +d0 | th03:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.002824 | 0.000113 | index | offset:1016 +d0 | th04:preload_thread | thread_start | | 0.002710 | | | +d0 | th02:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.002779 | 0.000058 | index | count:508 +d0 | th06:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.002966 | 0.000227 | index | count:508 +d0 | th07:preload_thread | thread_start | | 0.002741 | | | +d0 | th07:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.003017 | 0.000276 | index | offset:3048 +d0 | th05:preload_thread | thread_start | | 0.002712 | | | +d0 | th05:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.003067 | 0.000355 | index | offset:1524 +d0 | th05:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.003090 | 0.000378 | index | count:508 +d0 | th07:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.003037 | 0.000296 | index | count:504 +d0 | th03:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.002971 | 0.000260 | index | count:508 +d0 | th04:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.002983 | 0.000273 | index | offset:508 +d0 | th04:preload_thread | data | r1 | 0.007311 | 0.004601 | index | count:508 +d0 | th05:preload_thread | thread_exit | | 0.008781 | 0.006069 | | +d0 | th01:preload_thread | thread_exit | | 0.009561 | 0.006862 | | +d0 | th03:preload_thread | thread_exit | | 0.009742 | 0.007031 | | +d0 | th06:preload_thread | thread_exit | | 0.009820 | 0.007081 | | +d0 | th02:preload_thread | thread_exit | | 0.010274 | 0.007553 | | +d0 | th07:preload_thread | thread_exit | | 0.010477 | 0.007736 | | +d0 | th04:preload_thread | thread_exit | | 0.011657 | 0.008947 | | +d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.011717 | 0.009122 | index | label:preload +... +d0 | main | exit | | 0.029996 | | | code:0 +d0 | main | atexit | | 0.030027 | | | code:0 +---------------- ++ +In this example, the preload region took 0.009122 seconds. The 7 threads +took between 0.006069 and 0.008947 seconds to work on their portion of +the index. Thread "th01" worked on 508 items at offset 0. Thread "th02" +worked on 508 items at offset 2032. Thread "th04" worked on 508 itemts +at offset 508. ++ +This example also shows that thread names are assigned in a racy manner +as each thread starts and allocates TLS storage. + +== Future Work + +=== Relationship to the Existing Trace Api (api-trace.txt) + +There are a few issues to resolve before we can completely +switch to Trace2. + +* Updating existing tests that assume GIT_TRACE format messages. + +* How to best handle custom GIT_TRACE_<key> messages? + +** The GIT_TRACE_<key> mechanism allows each <key> to write to a +different file (in addition to just stderr). + +** Do we want to maintain that ability or simply write to the existing +Trace2 targets (and convert <key> to a "category"). diff --git a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt index cc0474b..16452a0 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/commit-graph-format.txt @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ CHUNK DATA: of the ith commit. Stores value 0x7000000 if no parent in that position. If there are more than two parents, the second value has its most-significant bit on and the other bits store an array - position into the Large Edge List chunk. + position into the Extra Edge List chunk. * The next 8 bytes store the generation number of the commit and the commit time in seconds since EPOCH. The generation number uses the higher 30 bits of the first 4 bytes, while the commit @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ CHUNK DATA: 2 bits of the lowest byte, storing the 33rd and 34th bit of the commit time. - Large Edge List (ID: {'E', 'D', 'G', 'E'}) [Optional] + Extra Edge List (ID: {'E', 'D', 'G', 'E'}) [Optional] This list of 4-byte values store the second through nth parents for all octopus merges. The second parent value in the commit data stores an array position within this list along with the most-significant bit diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt index 6ac774d..7a2375a 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt @@ -22,6 +22,16 @@ protocol-common.txt. When the grammar indicate `PKT-LINE(...)`, unless otherwise noted the usual pkt-line LF rules apply: the sender SHOULD include a LF, but the receiver MUST NOT complain if it is not present. +An error packet is a special pkt-line that contains an error string. + +---- + error-line = PKT-LINE("ERR" SP explanation-text) +---- + +Throughout the protocol, where `PKT-LINE(...)` is expected, an error packet MAY +be sent. Once this packet is sent by a client or a server, the data transfer +process defined in this protocol is terminated. + Transports ---------- There are three transports over which the packfile protocol is @@ -89,13 +99,6 @@ process on the server side over the Git protocol is this: "0039git-upload-pack /schacon/gitbook.git\0host=example.com\0" | nc -v example.com 9418 -If the server refuses the request for some reasons, it could abort -gracefully with an error message. - ----- - error-line = PKT-LINE("ERR" SP explanation-text) ----- - SSH Transport ------------- @@ -398,12 +401,11 @@ from the client). Then the server will start sending its packfile data. ---- - server-response = *ack_multi ack / nak / error-line + server-response = *ack_multi ack / nak ack_multi = PKT-LINE("ACK" SP obj-id ack_status) ack_status = "continue" / "common" / "ready" ack = PKT-LINE("ACK" SP obj-id) nak = PKT-LINE("NAK") - error-line = PKT-LINE("ERR" SP explanation-text) ---- A simple clone may look like this (with no 'have' lines): diff --git a/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt b/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt index 1ef66bd..896c7b3 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ their "<name>.pack" and "<name>.idx" files. that it has, either because the local repository has that object in one of its promisor packfiles, or because another promisor object refers to it. + -When Git encounters a missing object, Git can see if it a promisor object +When Git encounters a missing object, Git can see if it is a promisor object and handle it appropriately. If not, Git can report a corruption. + This means that there is no need for the client to explicitly maintain an diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt index 332d209..2b267c0 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt @@ -1,6 +1,10 @@ Git Protocol Capabilities ========================= +NOTE: this document describes capabilities for versions 0 and 1 of the pack +protocol. For version 2, please refer to the link:protocol-v2.html[protocol-v2] +doc. + Servers SHOULD support all capabilities defined in this document. On the very first line of the initial server response of either @@ -172,6 +176,20 @@ agent strings are purely informative for statistics and debugging purposes, and MUST NOT be used to programmatically assume the presence or absence of particular features. +symref +------ + +This parameterized capability is used to inform the receiver which symbolic ref +points to which ref; for example, "symref=HEAD:refs/heads/master" tells the +receiver that HEAD points to master. This capability can be repeated to +represent multiple symrefs. + +Servers SHOULD include this capability for the HEAD symref if it is one of the +refs being sent. + +Clients MAY use the parameters from this capability to select the proper initial +branch when cloning a repository. + shallow ------- diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt index 09e4e02..ead85ce 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt @@ -296,7 +296,13 @@ included in the client's request: Request that various objects from the packfile be omitted using one of several filtering techniques. These are intended for use with partial clone and partial fetch operations. See - `rev-list` for possible "filter-spec" values. + `rev-list` for possible "filter-spec" values. When communicating + with other processes, senders SHOULD translate scaled integers + (e.g. "1k") into a fully-expanded form (e.g. "1024") to aid + interoperability with older receivers that may not understand + newly-invented scaling suffixes. However, receivers SHOULD + accept the following suffixes: 'k', 'm', and 'g' for 1024, + 1048576, and 1073741824, respectively. If the 'ref-in-want' feature is advertised, the following argument can be included in the client's request as well as the potential addition of @@ -307,6 +313,16 @@ the 'wanted-refs' section in the server's response as explained below. particular ref, where <ref> is the full name of a ref on the server. +If the 'sideband-all' feature is advertised, the following argument can be +included in the client's request: + + sideband-all + Instruct the server to send the whole response multiplexed, not just + the packfile section. All non-flush and non-delim PKT-LINE in the + response (not only in the packfile section) will then start with a byte + indicating its sideband (1, 2, or 3), and the server may send "0005\2" + (a PKT-LINE of sideband 2 with no payload) as a keepalive packet. + The response of `fetch` is broken into a number of sections separated by delimiter packets (0001), with each section beginning with its section header. |