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Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/git.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git.txt | 151 |
1 files changed, 106 insertions, 45 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt index 302607a..7a1b112 100644 --- a/Documentation/git.txt +++ b/Documentation/git.txt @@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path] [-p|--paginate|-P|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare] [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>] - [--super-prefix=<path>] [--config-env=<name>=<envvar>] - <command> [<args>] + [--config-env=<name>=<envvar>] <command> [<args>] DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -97,9 +96,9 @@ foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string which `git config to avoid ambiguity with `<name>` containing one. + This is useful for cases where you want to pass transitory -configuration options to git, but are doing so on OS's where -other processes might be able to read your cmdline -(e.g. `/proc/self/cmdline`), but not your environ +configuration options to git, but are doing so on operating systems +where other processes might be able to read your command line +(e.g. `/proc/self/cmdline`), but not your environment (e.g. `/proc/self/environ`). That behavior is the default on Linux, but may not be on your system. + @@ -169,19 +168,23 @@ If you just want to run git as if it was started in `<path>` then use details. Equivalent to setting the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment variable. ---super-prefix=<path>:: - Currently for internal use only. Set a prefix which gives a path from - above a repository down to its root. One use is to give submodules - context about the superproject that invoked it. - --bare:: Treat the repository as a bare repository. If GIT_DIR environment is not set, it is set to the current working directory. --no-replace-objects:: - Do not use replacement refs to replace Git objects. See - linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information. + Do not use replacement refs to replace Git objects. + This is equivalent to exporting the `GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS` + environment variable with any value. + See linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information. + +--no-lazy-fetch:: + Do not fetch missing objects from the promisor remote on + demand. Useful together with `git cat-file -e <object>` to + see if the object is locally available. + This is equivalent to setting the `GIT_NO_LAZY_FETCH` + environment variable to `1`. --literal-pathspecs:: Treat pathspecs literally (i.e. no globbing, no pathspec magic). @@ -208,7 +211,7 @@ If you just want to run git as if it was started in `<path>` then use Do not perform optional operations that require locks. This is equivalent to setting the `GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS` to `0`. ---list-cmds=group[,group...]:: +--list-cmds=<group>[,<group>...]:: List commands by group. This is an internal/experimental option and may change or be removed in the future. Supported groups are: builtins, parseopt (builtin commands that use @@ -218,6 +221,11 @@ If you just want to run git as if it was started in `<path>` then use nohelpers (exclude helper commands), alias and config (retrieve command list from config variable completion.commands) +--attr-source=<tree-ish>:: + Read gitattributes from <tree-ish> instead of the worktree. See + linkgit:gitattributes[5]. This is equivalent to setting the + `GIT_ATTR_SOURCE` environment variable. + GIT COMMANDS ------------ @@ -339,6 +347,23 @@ The following documentation pages are guides about Git concepts. include::cmds-guide.txt[] +Repository, command and file interfaces +--------------------------------------- + +This documentation discusses repository and command interfaces which +users are expected to interact with directly. See `--user-formats` in +linkgit:git-help[1] for more details on the criteria. + +include::cmds-userinterfaces.txt[] + +File formats, protocols and other developer interfaces +------------------------------------------------------ + +This documentation discusses file formats, over-the-wire protocols and +other git developer interfaces. See `--developer-interfaces` in +linkgit:git-help[1]. + +include::cmds-developerinterfaces.txt[] Configuration Mechanism ----------------------- @@ -441,7 +466,12 @@ Please see linkgit:gitglossary[7]. Environment Variables --------------------- -Various Git commands use the following environment variables: +Various Git commands pay attention to environment variables and change +their behavior. The environment variables marked as "Boolean" take +their values the same way as Boolean valued configuration variables, e.g. +"true", "yes", "on" and positive numbers are taken as "yes". + +Here are the variables: The Git Repository ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -450,13 +480,13 @@ is worth noting that they may be used/overridden by SCMS sitting above Git so take care if using a foreign front-end. `GIT_INDEX_FILE`:: - This environment allows the specification of an alternate + This environment variable specifies an alternate index file. If not specified, the default of `$GIT_DIR/index` is used. `GIT_INDEX_VERSION`:: - This environment variable allows the specification of an index - version for new repositories. It won't affect existing index + This environment variable specifies what index version is used + when writing the index file out. It won't affect existing index files. By default index file version 2 or 3 is used. See linkgit:git-update-index[1] for more information. @@ -513,7 +543,7 @@ double-quotes and respecting backslash escapes. E.g., the value When run in a directory that does not have ".git" repository directory, Git tries to find such a directory in the parent directories to find the top of the working tree, but by default it - does not cross filesystem boundaries. This environment variable + does not cross filesystem boundaries. This Boolean environment variable can be set to true to tell Git not to stop at filesystem boundaries. Like `GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES`, this will not affect an explicit repository directory set via `GIT_DIR` or on the @@ -530,10 +560,15 @@ double-quotes and respecting backslash escapes. E.g., the value `GIT_DEFAULT_HASH`:: If this variable is set, the default hash algorithm for new - repositories will be set to this value. This value is currently - ignored when cloning; the setting of the remote repository - is used instead. The default is "sha1". THIS VARIABLE IS - EXPERIMENTAL! See `--object-format` in linkgit:git-init[1]. + repositories will be set to this value. This value is + ignored when cloning and the setting of the remote repository + is always used. The default is "sha1". + See `--object-format` in linkgit:git-init[1]. + +`GIT_DEFAULT_REF_FORMAT`:: + If this variable is set, the default reference backend format for new + repositories will be set to this value. The default is "files". + See `--ref-format` in linkgit:git-init[1]. Git Commits ~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -597,7 +632,7 @@ The file parameters can point at the user's working file (e.g. `new-file` in "git-diff-files"), `/dev/null` (e.g. `old-file` when a new file is added), or a temporary file (e.g. `old-file` in the index). `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` should not worry about unlinking the -temporary file --- it is removed when `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` exits. +temporary file -- it is removed when `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` exits. + For a path that is unmerged, `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` is called with 1 parameter, <path>. @@ -665,6 +700,14 @@ for further details. plink or tortoiseplink. This variable overrides the config setting `ssh.variant` that serves the same purpose. +`GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY`:: + Setting and exporting this environment variable to any value + tells Git not to verify the SSL certificate when fetching or + pushing over HTTPS. + +`GIT_ATTR_SOURCE`:: + Sets the treeish that gitattributes will be read from. + `GIT_ASKPASS`:: If this environment variable is set, then Git commands which need to acquire passwords or passphrases (e.g. for HTTP or IMAP authentication) @@ -673,7 +716,7 @@ for further details. option in linkgit:git-config[1]. `GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT`:: - If this environment variable is set to `0`, git will not prompt + If this Boolean environment variable is set to false, git will not prompt on the terminal (e.g., when asking for HTTP authentication). `GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL`:: @@ -688,19 +731,19 @@ for further details. `GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM`:: Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide - `$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file. This environment variable can + `$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file. This Boolean environment variable can be used along with `$HOME` and `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` to create a predictable environment for a picky script, or you can set it - temporarily to avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while + to true to temporarily avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while waiting for someone with sufficient permissions to fix it. `GIT_FLUSH`:: - If this environment variable is set to "1", then commands such + If this Boolean environment variable is set to true, then commands such as 'git blame' (in incremental mode), 'git rev-list', 'git log', 'git check-attr' and 'git check-ignore' will force a flush of the output stream after each record have been flushed. If this - variable is set to "0", the output of these commands will be done + variable is set to false, the output of these commands will be done using completely buffered I/O. If this environment variable is not set, Git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing based on whether stdout appears to be redirected to a file or not. @@ -808,7 +851,7 @@ of the SID and an optional counter (to avoid filename collisions). + In addition, if the variable is set to -`af_unix:[<socket_type>:]<absolute-pathname>`, Git will try +`af_unix:[<socket-type>:]<absolute-pathname>`, Git will try to open the path as a Unix Domain Socket. The socket type can be either `stream` or `dgram`. + @@ -835,11 +878,15 @@ for full details. `GIT_TRACE_REDACT`:: By default, when tracing is activated, Git redacts the values of cookies, the "Authorization:" header, the "Proxy-Authorization:" - header and packfile URIs. Set this variable to `0` to prevent this + header and packfile URIs. Set this Boolean environment variable to false to prevent this redaction. +`GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS`:: + Setting and exporting this environment variable tells Git to + ignore replacement refs and do not replace Git objects. + `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS`:: - Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all + Setting this Boolean environment variable to true will cause Git to treat all pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. For example, running `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log -- '*.c'` will search for commits that touch the path `*.c`, not any paths that the @@ -848,17 +895,22 @@ for full details. `git ls-tree`, `--raw` diff output, etc). `GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS`:: - Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all + Setting this Boolean environment variable to true will cause Git to treat all pathspecs as glob patterns (aka "glob" magic). `GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS`:: - Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all + Setting this Boolean environment variable to true will cause Git to treat all pathspecs as literal (aka "literal" magic). `GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS`:: - Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all + Setting this Boolean environment variable to true will cause Git to treat all pathspecs as case-insensitive. +`GIT_NO_LAZY_FETCH`:: + Setting this Boolean environment variable to true tells Git + not to lazily fetch missing objects from the promisor remote + on demand. + `GIT_REFLOG_ACTION`:: When a ref is updated, reflog entries are created to keep track of the reason why the ref was updated (which is @@ -870,7 +922,7 @@ for full details. end user, to be recorded in the body of the reflog. `GIT_REF_PARANOIA`:: - If set to `0`, ignore broken or badly named refs when iterating + If this Boolean environment variable is set to false, ignore broken or badly named refs when iterating over lists of refs. Normally Git will try to include any such refs, which may cause some operations to fail. This is usually preferable, as potentially destructive operations (e.g., @@ -881,17 +933,25 @@ for full details. should not normally need to set this to `0`, but it may be useful when trying to salvage data from a corrupted repository. +`GIT_COMMIT_GRAPH_PARANOIA`:: + When loading a commit object from the commit-graph, Git performs an + existence check on the object in the object database. This is done to + avoid issues with stale commit-graphs that contain references to + already-deleted commits, but comes with a performance penalty. ++ +The default is "false", which disables the aforementioned behavior. +Setting this to "true" enables the existence check so that stale commits +will never be returned from the commit-graph at the cost of performance. + `GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL`:: If set to a colon-separated list of protocols, behave as if `protocol.allow` is set to `never`, and each of the listed protocols has `protocol.<name>.allow` set to `always` - (overriding any existing configuration). In other words, any - protocol not mentioned will be disallowed (i.e., this is a - whitelist, not a blacklist). See the description of + (overriding any existing configuration). See the description of `protocol.allow` in linkgit:git-config[1] for more details. `GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER`:: - Set to 0 to prevent protocols used by fetch/push/clone which are + Set this Boolean environment variable to false to prevent protocols used by fetch/push/clone which are configured to the `user` state. This is useful to restrict recursive submodule initialization from an untrusted repository or for programs which feed potentially-untrusted URLS to git commands. See @@ -900,7 +960,7 @@ for full details. `GIT_PROTOCOL`:: For internal use only. Used in handshaking the wire protocol. Contains a colon ':' separated list of keys with optional values - 'key[=value]'. Presence of unknown keys and values must be + '<key>[=<value>]'. Presence of unknown keys and values must be ignored. + Note that servers may need to be configured to allow this variable to @@ -919,7 +979,7 @@ only affects clones and fetches; it is not yet used for pushes (but may be in the future). `GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS`:: - If set to `0`, Git will complete any requested operation without + If this Boolean environment variable is set to false, Git will complete any requested operation without performing any optional sub-operations that require taking a lock. For example, this will prevent `git status` from refreshing the index as a side effect. This is useful for processes running in @@ -987,10 +1047,11 @@ When first created, objects are stored in individual files, but for efficiency may later be compressed together into "pack files". Named pointers called refs mark interesting points in history. A ref -may contain the SHA-1 name of an object or the name of another ref. Refs -with names beginning `ref/head/` contain the SHA-1 name of the most +may contain the SHA-1 name of an object or the name of another ref (the +latter is called a "symbolic ref"). +Refs with names beginning `refs/head/` contain the SHA-1 name of the most recent commit (or "head") of a branch under development. SHA-1 names of -tags of interest are stored under `ref/tags/`. A special ref named +tags of interest are stored under `refs/tags/`. A symbolic ref named `HEAD` contains the name of the currently checked-out branch. The index file is initialized with a list of all paths and, for each @@ -1033,7 +1094,7 @@ Authors ------- Git was started by Linus Torvalds, and is currently maintained by Junio C Hamano. Numerous contributions have come from the Git mailing list -<git@vger.kernel.org>. http://www.openhub.net/p/git/contributors/summary +<git@vger.kernel.org>. https://openhub.net/p/git/contributors/summary gives you a more complete list of contributors. If you have a clone of git.git itself, the |