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Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/git-pull.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/git-pull.txt | 124 |
1 files changed, 90 insertions, 34 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt index 0e7a1fe..546f7b1 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt @@ -8,37 +8,92 @@ git-pull - Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch SYNOPSIS -------- -'git pull' <options> <repository> <refspec>... +[verse] +'git pull' [options] [<repository> [<refspec>...]] DESCRIPTION ----------- -Runs 'git fetch' with the given parameters, and calls 'git merge' -to merge the retrieved head(s) into the current branch. -With `--rebase`, calls 'git rebase' instead of 'git merge'. -Note that you can use `.` (current directory) as the -<repository> to pull from the local repository -- this is useful -when merging local branches into the current branch. +Incorporates changes from a remote repository into the current +branch. In its default mode, `git pull` is shorthand for +`git fetch` followed by `git merge FETCH_HEAD`. -Also note that options meant for 'git pull' itself and underlying -'git merge' must be given before the options meant for 'git fetch'. +More precisely, 'git pull' runs 'git fetch' with the given +parameters and calls 'git merge' to merge the retrieved branch +heads into the current branch. +With `--rebase`, it runs 'git rebase' instead of 'git merge'. -*Warning*: Running 'git pull' (actually, the underlying 'git merge') +<repository> should be the name of a remote repository as +passed to linkgit:git-fetch[1]. <refspec> can name an +arbitrary remote ref (for example, the name of a tag) or even +a collection of refs with corresponding remote-tracking branches +(e.g., refs/heads/{asterisk}:refs/remotes/origin/{asterisk}), +but usually it is the name of a branch in the remote repository. + +Default values for <repository> and <branch> are read from the +"remote" and "merge" configuration for the current branch +as set by linkgit:git-branch[1] `--track`. + +Assume the following history exists and the current branch is +"`master`": + +------------ + A---B---C master on origin + / + D---E---F---G master +------------ + +Then "`git pull`" will fetch and replay the changes from the remote +`master` branch since it diverged from the local `master` (i.e., `E`) +until its current commit (`C`) on top of `master` and record the +result in a new commit along with the names of the two parent commits +and a log message from the user describing the changes. + +------------ + A---B---C remotes/origin/master + / \ + D---E---F---G---H master +------------ + +See linkgit:git-merge[1] for details, including how conflicts +are presented and handled. + +In Git 1.7.0 or later, to cancel a conflicting merge, use +`git reset --merge`. *Warning*: In older versions of Git, running 'git pull' with uncommitted changes is discouraged: while possible, it leaves you -in a state that is hard to back out of in the case of a conflict. +in a state that may be hard to back out of in the case of a conflict. + +If any of the remote changes overlap with local uncommitted changes, +the merge will be automatically cancelled and the work tree untouched. +It is generally best to get any local changes in working order before +pulling or stash them away with linkgit:git-stash[1]. OPTIONS ------- +Options meant for 'git pull' itself and the underlying 'git merge' +must be given before the options meant for 'git fetch'. + -q:: --quiet:: - Pass --quiet to git-fetch and git-merge. + This is passed to both underlying git-fetch to squelch reporting of + during transfer, and underlying git-merge to squelch output during + merging. -v:: --verbose:: Pass --verbose to git-fetch and git-merge. +--[no-]recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]:: + This option controls if new commits of all populated submodules should + be fetched too (see linkgit:git-config[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5]). + That might be necessary to get the data needed for merging submodule + commits, a feature Git learned in 1.7.3. Notice that the result of a + merge will not be checked out in the submodule, "git submodule update" + has to be called afterwards to bring the work tree up to date with the + merge result. + Options related to merging ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -46,13 +101,17 @@ Options related to merging include::merge-options.txt[] +-r:: --rebase:: - Instead of a merge, perform a rebase after fetching. If - there is a remote ref for the upstream branch, and this branch - was rebased since last fetched, the rebase uses that information - to avoid rebasing non-local changes. To make this the default - for branch `<name>`, set configuration `branch.<name>.rebase` - to `true`. + Rebase the current branch on top of the upstream branch after + fetching. If there is a remote-tracking branch corresponding to + the upstream branch and the upstream branch was rebased since last + fetched, the rebase uses that information to avoid rebasing + non-local changes. ++ +See `pull.rebase`, `branch.<name>.rebase` and `branch.autosetuprebase` in +linkgit:git-config[1] if you want to make `git pull` always use +`--rebase` instead of merging. + [NOTE] This is a potentially _dangerous_ mode of operation. @@ -89,7 +148,7 @@ and if there is not any such variable, the value on `URL: ` line in `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>` file is used. In order to determine what remote branches to fetch (and -optionally store in the tracking branches) when the command is +optionally store in the remote-tracking branches) when the command is run without any refspec parameters on the command line, values of the configuration variable `remote.<origin>.fetch` are consulted, and if there aren't any, `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>` @@ -102,9 +161,9 @@ refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* ------------ A globbing refspec must have a non-empty RHS (i.e. must store -what were fetched in tracking branches), and its LHS and RHS +what were fetched in remote-tracking branches), and its LHS and RHS must end with `/*`. The above specifies that all remote -branches are tracked using tracking branches in +branches are tracked using remote-tracking branches in `refs/remotes/origin/` hierarchy under the same name. The rule to determine which remote branch to merge after @@ -159,26 +218,23 @@ $ git merge origin/next ------------------------------------------------ -If you tried a pull which resulted in a complex conflicts and +If you tried a pull which resulted in complex conflicts and would want to start over, you can recover with 'git reset'. +BUGS +---- +Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked +out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the +just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself can not be +fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without +having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future Git +version. + SEE ALSO -------- linkgit:git-fetch[1], linkgit:git-merge[1], linkgit:git-config[1] - -Author ------- -Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> -and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> - -Documentation --------------- -Documentation by Jon Loeliger, -David Greaves, -Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>. - GIT --- Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite |