597 files changed, 36988 insertions, 17043 deletions

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 726db73..10aee94 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 /GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 /GIT-CFLAGS
 /GIT-LDFLAGS
-/GIT-GUI-VARS
 /GIT-PREFIX
 /GIT-PYTHON-VARS
 /GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES
@@ -23,6 +22,7 @@
 /git-bundle
 /git-cat-file
 /git-check-attr
+/git-check-ignore
 /git-check-ref-format
 /git-checkout
 /git-checkout-index
@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@
 /git-remote-fd
 /git-remote-ext
 /git-remote-testgit
+/git-remote-testpy
 /git-remote-testsvn
 /git-repack
 /git-replace
@@ -172,7 +173,6 @@
 /git-whatchanged
 /git-write-tree
 /git-core-*/?*
-/gitk-git/gitk-wish
 /gitweb/GITWEB-BUILD-OPTIONS
 /gitweb/gitweb.cgi
 /gitweb/static/gitweb.js
@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@
 /test-string-list
 /test-subprocess
 /test-svn-fe
+/test-wildmatch
 /common-cmds.h
 *.tar.gz
 *.dsc
diff --git a/.mailmap b/.mailmap
index c7e8618..48d7acf 100644
--- a/.mailmap
+++ b/.mailmap
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ Nguyễn Thái Ng�c Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
 <nico@fluxnic.net> <nico@cam.org>
 Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se> <peter@svarten.intern.softwolves.pp.se>
 Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se> <peter@softwolves.pp.se>
+Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz> <pasky@suse.cz>
 Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
 Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com> <ralf.thielow@googlemail.com>
 Ramsay Allan Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
diff --git a/Documentation/.gitignore b/Documentation/.gitignore
index d62aebd..2c8b2d6 100644
--- a/Documentation/.gitignore
+++ b/Documentation/.gitignore
@@ -9,4 +9,5 @@ gitman.info
 howto-index.txt
 doc.dep
 cmds-*.txt
+mergetools-*.txt
 manpage-base-url.xsl
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
index 69f7e9b..559d5f9 100644
--- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
+++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Like other projects, we also have some guidelines to keep to the
-code.  For git in general, three rough rules are:
+code.  For Git in general, three rough rules are:
 
  - Most importantly, we never say "It's in POSIX; we'll happily
    ignore your needs should your system not conform to it."
@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@ code.  For git in general, three rough rules are:
    judgement call, the decision based more on real world
    constraints people face than what the paper standard says.
 
+Make your code readable and sensible, and don't try to be clever.
 
 As for more concrete guidelines, just imitate the existing code
 (this is a good guideline, no matter which project you are
 contributing to). It is always preferable to match the _local_
-convention. New code added to git suite is expected to match
+convention. New code added to Git suite is expected to match
 the overall style of existing code. Modifications to existing
 code is expected to match the style the surrounding code already
 uses (even if it doesn't match the overall style of existing code).
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ For C programs:
 
  - We try to keep to at most 80 characters per line.
 
- - We try to support a wide range of C compilers to compile git with,
+ - We try to support a wide range of C compilers to compile Git with,
    including old ones. That means that you should not use C99
    initializers, even if a lot of compilers grok it.
 
@@ -164,14 +165,14 @@ For C programs:
 
  - If you are planning a new command, consider writing it in shell
    or perl first, so that changes in semantics can be easily
-   changed and discussed.  Many git commands started out like
+   changed and discussed.  Many Git commands started out like
    that, and a few are still scripts.
 
- - Avoid introducing a new dependency into git. This means you
+ - Avoid introducing a new dependency into Git. This means you
    usually should stay away from scripting languages not already
-   used in the git core command set (unless your command is clearly
+   used in the Git core command set (unless your command is clearly
    separate from it, such as an importer to convert random-scm-X
-   repositories to git).
+   repositories to Git).
 
  - When we pass <string, length> pair to functions, we should try to
    pass them in that order.
@@ -179,8 +180,68 @@ For C programs:
  - Use Git's gettext wrappers to make the user interface
    translatable. See "Marking strings for translation" in po/README.
 
+For Perl programs:
+
+ - Most of the C guidelines above apply.
+
+ - We try to support Perl 5.8 and later ("use Perl 5.008").
+
+ - use strict and use warnings are strongly preferred.
+
+ - Don't overuse statement modifiers unless using them makes the
+   result easier to follow.
+
+	... do something ...
+	do_this() unless (condition);
+        ... do something else ...
+
+   is more readable than:
+
+	... do something ...
+	unless (condition) {
+		do_this();
+	}
+        ... do something else ...
+
+   *only* when the condition is so rare that do_this() will be almost
+   always called.
+
+ - We try to avoid assignments inside "if ()" conditions.
+
+ - Learn and use Git.pm if you need that functionality.
+
+ - For Emacs, it's useful to put the following in
+   GIT_CHECKOUT/.dir-locals.el, assuming you use cperl-mode:
+
+    ;; note the first part is useful for C editing, too
+    ((nil . ((indent-tabs-mode . t)
+                  (tab-width . 8)
+                  (fill-column . 80)))
+     (cperl-mode . ((cperl-indent-level . 8)
+                    (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace . nil)
+                    (cperl-merge-trailing-else . t))))
+
+For Python scripts:
+
+ - We follow PEP-8 (http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/).
+
+ - As a minimum, we aim to be compatible with Python 2.6 and 2.7.
+
+ - Where required libraries do not restrict us to Python 2, we try to
+   also be compatible with Python 3.1 and later.
+
+ - When you must differentiate between Unicode literals and byte string
+   literals, it is OK to use the 'b' prefix.  Even though the Python
+   documentation for version 2.6 does not mention this prefix, it has
+   been supported since version 2.6.0.
+
 Writing Documentation:
 
+ Most (if not all) of the documentation pages are written in the
+ AsciiDoc format in *.txt files (e.g. Documentation/git.txt), and
+ processed into HTML and manpages (e.g. git.html and git.1 in the
+ same directory).
+
  Every user-visible change should be reflected in the documentation.
  The same general rule as for code applies -- imitate the existing
  conventions.  A few commented examples follow to provide reference
@@ -230,3 +291,8 @@ Writing Documentation:
    valid usage.  "*" has its own pair of brackets, because it can
    (optionally) be specified only when one or more of the letters is
    also provided.
+
+  A note on notation:
+   Use 'git' (all lowercase) when talking about commands i.e. something
+   the user would type into a shell and use 'Git' (uppercase first letter)
+   when talking about the version control system and its properties.
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index 3c538e3..62dbd9a 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -1,13 +1,34 @@
-MAN1_TXT= \
-	$(filter-out $(addsuffix .txt, $(ARTICLES) $(SP_ARTICLES)), \
-		$(wildcard git-*.txt)) \
-	gitk.txt gitweb.txt git.txt gitremote-helpers.txt
-MAN5_TXT=gitattributes.txt gitignore.txt gitmodules.txt githooks.txt \
-	gitrepository-layout.txt gitweb.conf.txt
-MAN7_TXT=gitcli.txt gittutorial.txt gittutorial-2.txt \
-	gitcvs-migration.txt gitcore-tutorial.txt gitglossary.txt \
-	gitdiffcore.txt gitnamespaces.txt gitrevisions.txt gitworkflows.txt
+# Guard against environment variables
+MAN1_TXT =
+MAN5_TXT =
+MAN7_TXT =
+
+MAN1_TXT += $(filter-out \
+		$(addsuffix .txt, $(ARTICLES) $(SP_ARTICLES)), \
+		$(wildcard git-*.txt))
+MAN1_TXT += git.txt
+MAN1_TXT += gitk.txt
+MAN1_TXT += gitremote-helpers.txt
+MAN1_TXT += gitweb.txt
+
+MAN5_TXT += gitattributes.txt
+MAN5_TXT += githooks.txt
+MAN5_TXT += gitignore.txt
+MAN5_TXT += gitmodules.txt
+MAN5_TXT += gitrepository-layout.txt
+MAN5_TXT += gitweb.conf.txt
+
+MAN7_TXT += gitcli.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gitcore-tutorial.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gitcredentials.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gitcvs-migration.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gitdiffcore.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gitglossary.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gitnamespaces.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gitrevisions.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gittutorial-2.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gittutorial.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gitworkflows.txt
 
 MAN_TXT = $(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT)
 MAN_XML=$(patsubst %.txt,%.xml,$(MAN_TXT))
@@ -223,7 +244,11 @@ install-html: html
 #
 # Determine "include::" file references in asciidoc files.
 #
-doc.dep : $(wildcard *.txt) build-docdep.perl
+docdep_prereqs = \
+	mergetools-list.made $(mergetools_txt) \
+	cmd-list.made $(cmds_txt)
+
+doc.dep : $(docdep_prereqs) $(wildcard *.txt) build-docdep.perl
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@+ $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
 	mv $@+ $@
@@ -247,13 +272,27 @@ cmd-list.made: cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(MAN1_TXT)
 	$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
 	date >$@
 
+mergetools_txt = mergetools-diff.txt mergetools-merge.txt
+
+$(mergetools_txt): mergetools-list.made
+
+mergetools-list.made: ../git-mergetool--lib.sh $(wildcard ../mergetools/*)
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
+	$(SHELL_PATH) -c 'MERGE_TOOLS_DIR=../mergetools && \
+		. ../git-mergetool--lib.sh && \
+		show_tool_names can_diff "* " || :' >mergetools-diff.txt && \
+	$(SHELL_PATH) -c 'MERGE_TOOLS_DIR=../mergetools && \
+		. ../git-mergetool--lib.sh && \
+		show_tool_names can_merge "* " || :' >mergetools-merge.txt && \
+	date >$@
+
 clean:
 	$(RM) *.xml *.xml+ *.html *.html+ *.1 *.5 *.7
 	$(RM) *.texi *.texi+ *.texi++ git.info gitman.info
 	$(RM) *.pdf
 	$(RM) howto-index.txt howto/*.html doc.dep
 	$(RM) technical/*.html technical/api-index.txt
-	$(RM) $(cmds_txt) *.made
+	$(RM) $(cmds_txt) $(mergetools_txt) *.made
 	$(RM) manpage-base-url.xsl
 
 $(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt asciidoc.conf
@@ -353,8 +392,8 @@ $(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(wildcard howto/*.txt)): %.html : %.txt
 install-webdoc : html
 	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
 
-# You must have a clone of git-htmldocs and git-manpages repositories
-# next to the git repository itself for the following to work.
+# You must have a clone of 'git-htmldocs' and 'git-manpages' repositories
+# next to the 'git' repository itself for the following to work.
 
 quick-install: quick-install-man
 
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1354ad0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+Git v1.8.2.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.8.2
+------------------
+
+ * An earlier change to the attribute system introduced at v1.8.1.2 by
+   mistake stopped a pattern "dir" (without trailing slash) from
+   matching a directory "dir" (it only wanted to allow pattern "dir/"
+   to also match).
+
+ * Verification of signed tags were not done correctly when not in C
+   or en/US locale.
+
+ * 'git commit -m "$msg"' used to add an extra newline even when
+   $msg already ended with one.
+
+ * The "--match=<pattern>" option of "git describe", when used with
+   "--all" to allow refs that are not annotated tags to be used as a
+   base of description, did not restrict the output from the command
+   to those that match the given pattern.
+
+ * An aliased command spawned from a bare repository that does not say
+   it is bare with "core.bare = yes" is treated as non-bare by mistake.
+
+ * When "format-patch" quoted a non-ascii strings on the header files,
+   it incorrectly applied rfc2047 and chopped a single character in
+   the middle of it.
+
+ * "git archive" reports a failure when asked to create an archive out
+   of an empty tree.  It would be more intuitive to give an empty
+   archive back in such a case.
+
+ * "git tag -f <tag>" always said "Updated tag '<tag>'" even when
+   creating a new tag (i.e. not overwriting nor updating).
+
+ * "git cmd -- ':(top'" was not diagnosed as an invalid syntax, and
+   instead the parser kept reading beyond the end of the string.
+
+ * Annotated tags outside refs/tags/ hierarchy were not advertised
+   correctly to the ls-remote and fetch with recent version of Git.
+
+ * The code to keep track of what directory names are known to Git on
+   platforms with case insensitive filesystems can get confused upon a
+   hash collision between these pathnames and looped forever.
+
+ * The logic used by "git diff -M --stat" to shorten the names of
+   files before and after a rename did not work correctly when the
+   common prefix and suffix between the two filenames overlapped.
+
+ * "git submodule update", when recursed into sub-submodules, did not
+   acccumulate the prefix paths.
+
+ * "git am $maildir/" applied messages in an unexpected order; sort
+   filenames read from the maildir/ in a way that is more likely to
+   sort messages in the order the writing MUA meant to, by sorting
+   numeric segment in numeric order and non-numeric segment in
+   alphabetical order.
+
+ * When export-subst is used, "zip" output recorded incorrect
+   size of the file.
+
+ * Some platforms and users spell UTF-8 differently; retry with the
+   most official "UTF-8" when the system does not understand the
+   user-supplied encoding name that are the common alternative
+   spellings of UTF-8.
+
+ * "git branch" did not bother to check nonsense command line
+   parameters and issue errors in many cases.
+
+ * "git update-index -h" did not do the usual "-h(elp)" thing.
+
+ * perl/Git.pm::cat_blob slurped everything in core only to write it
+   out to a file descriptor, which was not a very smart thing to do.
+
+ * The SSL peer verification done by "git imap-send" did not ask for
+   Server Name Indication (RFC 4366), failing to connect SSL/TLS
+   sites that serve multiple hostnames on a single IP.
+
+ * "git index-pack" had a buffer-overflow while preparing an
+   informational message when the translated version of it was too
+   long.
+
+ * Clarify in the documentation "what" gets pushed to "where" when the
+   command line to "git push" does not say these explicitly.
+
+ * In "git reflog expire", REACHABLE bit was not cleared from the
+   correct objects.
+
+ * The "--color=<when>" argument to the commands in the diff family
+   was described poorly.
+
+ * The arguments given to pre-rebase hook were not documented.
+
+ * The v4 index format was not documented.
+
+ * The "--match=<pattern>" argument "git describe" takes uses glob
+   pattern but it wasn't obvious from the documentation.
+
+ * Some sources failed to compile on systems that lack NI_MAXHOST in
+   their system header (e.g. z/OS).
+
+ * Add an example use of "--env-filter" in "filter-branch"
+   documentation.
+
+ * "git bundle verify" did not say "records a complete history" for a
+   bundle that does not have any prerequisites.
+
+ * In the v1.8.0 era, we changed symbols that do not have to be global
+   to file scope static, but a few functions in graph.c were used by
+   CGit from sideways bypassing the entry points of the API the
+   in-tree users use.
+
+ * "git merge-tree" had a typo in the logic to detect d/f conflicts,
+   which caused it to segfault in some cases.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dab4831
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+Git v1.8.2.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.8.2.1
+--------------------
+
+ * Zsh completion forgot that '%' character used to signal untracked
+   files needs to be escaped with another '%'.
+
+ * A commit object whose author or committer ident are malformed
+   crashed some code that trusted that a name, an email and an
+   timestamp can always be found in it.
+
+ * The new core.commentchar configuration was not applied to a few
+   places.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" did not pass "-v/-q" options to underlying
+   "git rebase".
+
+ * When receive-pack detects error in the pack header it received in
+   order to decide which of unpack-objects or index-pack to run, it
+   returned without closing the error stream, which led to a hang
+   sideband thread.
+
+ * "git diff --diff-algorithm=algo" was understood by the command line
+   parser, but "git diff --diff-algorithm algo" was not.
+
+ * "git log -S/-G" started paying attention to textconv filter, but
+   there was no way to disable this.  Make it honor --no-textconv
+   option.
+
+ * "git merge $(git rev-parse v1.8.2)" behaved quite differently from
+   "git merge v1.8.2", as if v1.8.2 were written as v1.8.2^0 and did
+   not pay much attention to the annotated tag payload.  Make the code
+   notice the type of the tag object, in addition to the dwim_ref()
+   based classification the current code uses (i.e. the name appears
+   in refs/tags/) to decide when to special case merging of tags.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick" and "git revert" can take more than one commit
+   on the command line these days, but it was not mentioned on the usage
+   text.
+
+ * Perl scripts like "git-svn" closed (not redirecting to /dev/null)
+   the standard error stream, which is not a very smart thing to do.
+   Later open may return file descriptor #2 for unrelated purpose, and
+   error reporting code may write into them.
+
+ * "git apply --whitespace=fix" was not prepared to see a line getting
+   longer after fixing whitespaces (e.g. tab-in-indent aka Python).
+
+ * "git diff/log --cc" did not work well with options that ignore
+   whitespace changes.
+
+ * Documentation on setting up a http server that requires
+   authentication only on the push but not fetch has been clarified.
+
+ * A few bugfixes to "git rerere" working on corner case merge
+   conflicts have been applied.
+
+ * "git bundle" did not like a bundle created using a commit without
+   any message as its one of the prerequistes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6139482
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Git v1.8.2.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.8.2.2
+--------------------
+
+ * "rev-list --stdin" and friends kept bogus pointers into the input
+   buffer around as human readable object names.  This was not a
+   huge problem but was exposed by a new change that uses these
+   names in error output.
+
+ * When "git difftool" drove "kdiff3", it mistakenly passed --auto
+   option that was meant while resolving merge conflicts.
+
+ * "git remote add" command did not diagnose extra command line
+   arguments as an error and silently ignored them.
+
+Also contains a handful of trivial code clean-ups, documentation
+updates, updates to the test suite, etc.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc606ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+Git v1.8.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Backward compatibility notes (this release)
+-------------------------------------------
+
+"git push $there tag v1.2.3" used to allow replacing a tag v1.2.3
+that already exists in the repository $there, if the rewritten tag
+you are pushing points at a commit that is a descendant of a commit
+that the old tag v1.2.3 points at.  This was found to be error prone
+and starting with this release, any attempt to update an existing
+ref under refs/tags/ hierarchy will fail, without "--force".
+
+When "git add -u" and "git add -A" that does not specify what paths
+to add on the command line is run from inside a subdirectory, the
+scope of the operation has always been limited to the subdirectory.
+Many users found this counter-intuitive, given that "git commit -a"
+and other commands operate on the entire tree regardless of where you
+are.  In this release, these commands give a warning message that
+suggests the users to use "git add -u/-A ." when they want to limit
+the scope to the current directory; doing so will squelch the message,
+while training their fingers.
+
+
+Backward compatibility notes (for Git 2.0)
+------------------------------------------
+
+When "git push [$there]" does not say what to push, we have used the
+traditional "matching" semantics so far (all your branches were sent
+to the remote as long as there already are branches of the same name
+over there).  In Git 2.0, the default will change to the "simple"
+semantics that pushes the current branch to the branch with the same
+name, only when the current branch is set to integrate with that
+remote branch.  There is a user preference configuration variable
+"push.default" to change this.  If you are an old-timer who is used
+to the "matching" semantics, you can set it to "matching" to keep the
+traditional behaviour.  If you want to live in the future early,
+you can set it to "simple" today without waiting for Git 2.0.
+
+When "git add -u" and "git add -A", that does not specify what paths
+to add on the command line is run from inside a subdirectory, these
+commands will operate on the entire tree in Git 2.0 for consistency
+with "git commit -a" and other commands. Because there will be no
+mechanism to make "git add -u" behave as if "git add -u .", it is
+important for those who are used to "git add -u" (without pathspec)
+updating the index only for paths in the current subdirectory to start
+training their fingers to explicitly say "git add -u ." when they mean
+it before Git 2.0 comes.
+
+
+Updates since v1.8.1
+--------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * Initial ports to QNX and z/OS UNIX System Services have started.
+
+ * Output from the tests is coloured using "green is okay, yellow is
+   questionable, red is bad and blue is informative" scheme.
+
+ * Mention of "GIT/Git/git" in the documentation have been updated to
+   be more uniform and consistent.  The name of the system and the
+   concept it embodies is "Git"; the command the users type is "git".
+   All-caps "GIT" was merely a way to imitate "Git" typeset in small
+   caps in our ASCII text only documentation and to be avoided.
+
+ * The completion script (in contrib/completion) used to let the
+   default completer to suggest pathnames, which gave too many
+   irrelevant choices (e.g. "git add" would not want to add an
+   unmodified path).  It learnt to use a more git-aware logic to
+   enumerate only relevant ones.
+
+ * In bare repositories, "git shortlog" and other commands now read
+   mailmap files from the tip of the history, to help running these
+   tools in server settings.
+
+ * Color specifiers, e.g. "%C(blue)Hello%C(reset)", used in the
+   "--format=" option of "git log" and friends can be disabled when
+   the output is not sent to a terminal by prefixing them with
+   "auto,", e.g. "%C(auto,blue)Hello%C(auto,reset)".
+
+ * Scripts can ask Git that wildcard patterns in pathspecs they give do
+   not have any significance, i.e. take them as literal strings.
+
+ * The patterns in .gitignore and .gitattributes files can have **/,
+   as a pattern that matches 0 or more levels of subdirectory.
+   E.g. "foo/**/bar" matches "bar" in "foo" itself or in a
+   subdirectory of "foo".
+
+ * When giving arguments without "--" disambiguation, object names
+   that come earlier on the command line must not be interpretable as
+   pathspecs and pathspecs that come later on the command line must
+   not be interpretable as object names.  This disambiguation rule has
+   been tweaked so that ":/" (no other string before or after) is
+   always interpreted as a pathspec; "git cmd -- :/" is no longer
+   needed, you can just say "git cmd :/".
+
+ * Various "hint" lines Git gives when it asks the user to edit
+   messages in the editor are commented out with '#' by default. The
+   core.commentchar configuration variable can be used to customize
+   this '#' to a different character.
+
+ * "git add -u" and "git add -A" without pathspec issues warning to
+   make users aware that they are only operating on paths inside the
+   subdirectory they are in.  Use ":/" (everything from the top) or
+   "." (everything from the $cwd) to disambiguate.
+
+ * "git blame" (and "git diff") learned the "--no-follow" option.
+
+ * "git branch" now rejects some nonsense combinations of command line
+   arguments (e.g. giving more than one branch name to rename) with
+   more case-specific error messages.
+
+ * "git check-ignore" command to help debugging .gitignore files has
+   been added.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick" can be used to replay a root commit to an unborn
+   branch.
+
+ * "git commit" can be told to use --cleanup=whitespace by setting the
+   configuration variable commit.cleanup to 'whitespace'.
+
+ * "git diff" and other Porcelain commands can be told to use a
+   non-standard algorithm by setting diff.algorithm configuration
+   variable.
+
+ * "git fetch --mirror" and fetch that uses other forms of refspec
+   with wildcard used to attempt to update a symbolic ref that match
+   the wildcard on the receiving end, which made little sense (the
+   real ref that is pointed at by the symbolic ref would be updated
+   anyway).  Symbolic refs no longer are affected by such a fetch.
+
+ * "git format-patch" now detects more cases in which a whole branch
+   is being exported, and uses the description for the branch, when
+   asked to write a cover letter for the series.
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned "-v $count" option, and prepends a
+   string "v$count-" to the names of its output files, and also
+   automatically sets the subject prefix to "PATCH v$count". This
+   allows patches from rerolled series to be stored under different
+   names and makes it easier to reuse cover letter messages.
+
+ * "git log" and friends can be told with --use-mailmap option to
+   rewrite the names and email addresses of people using the mailmap
+   mechanism.
+
+ * "git log --cc --graph" now shows the combined diff output with the
+   ancestry graph.
+
+ * "git log --grep=<pattern>" honors i18n.logoutputencoding to look
+   for the pattern after fixing the log message to the specified
+   encoding.
+
+ * "git mergetool" and "git difftool" learned to list the available
+   tool backends in a more consistent manner.
+
+ * "git mergetool" is aware of TortoiseGitMerge now and uses it over
+   TortoiseMerge when available.
+
+ * "git push" now requires "-f" to update a tag, even if it is a
+   fast-forward, as tags are meant to be fixed points.
+
+ * Error messages from "git push" when it stops to prevent remote refs
+   from getting overwritten by mistake have been improved to explain
+   various situations separately.
+
+ * "git push" will stop without doing anything if the new "pre-push"
+   hook exists and exits with a failure.
+
+ * When "git rebase" fails to generate patches to be applied (e.g. due
+   to oom), it failed to detect the failure and instead behaved as if
+   there were nothing to do.  A workaround to use a temporary file has
+   been applied, but we probably would want to revisit this later, as
+   it hurts the common case of not failing at all.
+
+ * Input and preconditions to "git reset" has been loosened where
+   appropriate.  "git reset $fromtree Makefile" requires $fromtree to
+   be any tree (it used to require it to be a commit), for example.
+   "git reset" (without options or parameters) used to error out when
+   you do not have any commits in your history, but it now gives you
+   an empty index (to match non-existent commit you are not even on).
+
+ * "git status" says what branch is being bisected or rebased when
+   able, not just "bisecting" or "rebasing".
+
+ * "git submodule" started learning a new mode to integrate with the
+   tip of the remote branch (as opposed to integrating with the commit
+   recorded in the superproject's gitlink).
+
+ * "git upload-pack" which implements the service "ls-remote" and
+   "fetch" talk to can be told to hide ref hierarchies the server
+   side internally uses (and that clients have no business learning
+   about) with transfer.hiderefs configuration.
+
+
+Foreign Interface
+
+ * "git fast-export" has been updated for its use in the context of
+   the remote helper interface.
+
+ * A new remote helper to interact with bzr has been added to contrib/.
+
+ * "git p4" got various bugfixes around its branch handling.  It is
+   also made usable with Python 2.4/2.5.  In addition, its various
+   portability issues for Cygwin have been addressed.
+
+ * The remote helper to interact with Hg in contrib/ has seen a few
+   fixes.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, etc.
+
+ * "git fsck" has been taught to be pickier about entries in tree
+   objects that should not be there, e.g. ".", ".git", and "..".
+
+ * Matching paths with common forms of pathspecs that contain wildcard
+   characters has been optimized further.
+
+ * We stopped paying attention to $GIT_CONFIG environment that points
+   at a single configuration file from any command other than "git config"
+   quite a while ago, but "git clone" internally set, exported, and
+   then unexported the variable during its operation unnecessarily.
+
+ * "git reset" internals has been reworked and should be faster in
+   general. We tried to be careful not to break any behaviour but
+   there could be corner cases, especially when running the command
+   from a conflicted state, that we may have missed.
+
+ * The implementation of "imap-send" has been updated to reuse xml
+   quoting code from http-push codepath, and lost a lot of unused
+   code.
+
+ * There is a simple-minded checker for the test scripts in t/
+   directory to catch most common mistakes (it is not enabled by
+   default).
+
+ * You can build with USE_WILDMATCH=YesPlease to use a replacement
+   implementation of pattern matching logic used for pathname-like
+   things, e.g. refnames and paths in the repository.  This new
+   implementation is not expected change the existing behaviour of Git
+   in this release, except for "git for-each-ref" where you can now
+   say "refs/**/master" and match with both refs/heads/master and
+   refs/remotes/origin/master.  We plan to use this new implementation
+   in wider places (e.g. "git ls-files '**/Makefile' may find Makefile
+   at the top-level, and "git log '**/t*.sh'" may find commits that
+   touch a shell script whose name begins with "t" at any level) in
+   future versions of Git, but we are not there yet.  By building with
+   USE_WILDMATCH, using the resulting Git daily and reporting when you
+   find breakages, you can help us get closer to that goal.
+
+ * Some reimplementations of Git do not write all the stat info back
+   to the index due to their implementation limitations (e.g. jgit).
+   A configuration option can tell Git to ignore changes to most of
+   the stat fields and only pay attention to mtime and size, which
+   these implementations can reliably update.  This can be used to
+   avoid excessive revalidation of contents.
+
+ * Some platforms ship with old version of expat where xmlparse.h
+   needs to be included instead of expat.h; the build procedure has
+   been taught about this.
+
+ * "make clean" on platforms that cannot compute header dependencies
+   on the fly did not work with implementations of "rm" that do not
+   like an empty argument list.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.8.1
+------------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v1.8.1 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see release notes to them for
+details).
+
+ * An element on GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES list that does not name the
+   real path to a directory (i.e. a symbolic link) could have caused
+   the GIT_DIR discovery logic to escape the ceiling.
+
+ * When attempting to read the XDG-style $HOME/.config/git/config and
+   finding that $HOME/.config/git is a file, we gave a wrong error
+   message, instead of treating the case as "a custom config file does
+   not exist there" and moving on.
+
+ * The behaviour visible to the end users was confusing, when they
+   attempt to kill a process spawned in the editor that was in turn
+   launched by Git with SIGINT (or SIGQUIT), as Git would catch that
+   signal and die.  We ignore these signals now.
+   (merge 0398fc34 pf/editor-ignore-sigint later to maint).
+
+ * A child process that was killed by a signal (e.g. SIGINT) was
+   reported in an inconsistent way depending on how the process was
+   spawned by us, with or without a shell in between.
+
+ * After failing to create a temporary file using mkstemp(), failing
+   pathname was not reported correctly on some platforms.
+
+ * We used to stuff "user@" and then append what we read from
+   /etc/mailname to come up with a default e-mail ident, but a bug
+   lost the "user@" part.
+
+ * The attribute mechanism didn't allow limiting attributes to be
+   applied to only a single directory itself with "path/" like the
+   exclude mechanism does.  The initial implementation of this that
+   was merged to 'maint' and 1.8.1.2 was with a severe performance
+   degradations and needs to merge a fix-up topic.
+
+ * The smart HTTP clients forgot to verify the content-type that comes
+   back from the server side to make sure that the request is being
+   handled properly.
+
+ * "git am" did not parse datestamp correctly from Hg generated patch,
+   when it is run in a locale outside C (or en).
+
+ * "git apply" misbehaved when fixing whitespace breakages by removing
+   excess trailing blank lines.
+
+ * "git apply --summary" has been taught to make sure the similarity
+   value shown in its output is sensible, even when the input had a
+   bogus value.
+
+ * A tar archive created by "git archive" recorded a directory in a
+   way that made NetBSD's implementation of "tar" sometimes unhappy.
+
+ * "git archive" did not record uncompressed size in the header when
+   streaming a zip archive, which confused some implementations of unzip.
+
+ * "git archive" did not parse configuration values in tar.* namespace
+   correctly.
+   (merge b3873c3 jk/config-parsing-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * Attempt to "branch --edit-description" an existing branch, while
+   being on a detached HEAD, errored out.
+
+ * "git clean" showed what it was going to do, but sometimes end up
+   finding that it was not allowed to do so, which resulted in a
+   confusing output (e.g. after saying that it will remove an
+   untracked directory, it found an embedded git repository there
+   which it is not allowed to remove).  It now performs the actions
+   and then reports the outcome more faithfully.
+
+ * When "git clone --separate-git-dir=$over_there" is interrupted, it
+   failed to remove the real location of the $GIT_DIR it created.
+   This was most visible when interrupting a submodule update.
+
+ * "git cvsimport" mishandled timestamps at DST boundary.
+
+ * We used to have an arbitrary 32 limit for combined diff input,
+   resulting in incorrect number of leading colons shown when showing
+   the "--raw --cc" output.
+
+ * "git fetch --depth" was broken in at least three ways.  The
+   resulting history was deeper than specified by one commit, it was
+   unclear how to wipe the shallowness of the repository with the
+   command, and documentation was misleading.
+   (merge cfb70e1 nd/fetch-depth-is-broken later to maint).
+
+ * "git log --all -p" that walked refs/notes/textconv/ ref can later
+   try to use the textconv data incorrectly after it gets freed.
+
+ * We forgot to close the file descriptor reading from "gpg" output,
+   killing "git log --show-signature" on a long history.
+
+ * The way "git svn" asked for password using SSH_ASKPASS and
+   GIT_ASKPASS was not in line with the rest of the system.
+
+ * The --graph code fell into infinite loop when asked to do what the
+   code did not expect.
+
+ * http transport was wrong to ask for the username when the
+   authentication is done by certificate identity.
+
+ * "git pack-refs" that ran in parallel to another process that
+   created new refs had a nasty race.
+
+ * Rebasing the history of superproject with change in the submodule
+   has been broken since v1.7.12.
+
+ * After "git add -N" and then writing a tree object out of the
+   index, the cache-tree data structure got corrupted.
+
+ * "git clone" used to allow --bare and --separate-git-dir=$there
+   options at the same time, which was nonsensical.
+
+ * "git rebase --preserve-merges" lost empty merges in recent versions
+   of Git.
+
+ * "git merge --no-edit" computed who were involved in the work done
+   on the side branch, even though that information is to be discarded
+   without getting seen in the editor.
+
+ * "git merge" started calling prepare-commit-msg hook like "git
+   commit" does some time ago, but forgot to pay attention to the exit
+   status of the hook.
+
+ * A failure to push due to non-ff while on an unborn branch
+   dereferenced a NULL pointer when showing an error message.
+
+ * When users spell "cc:" in lowercase in the fake "header" in the
+   trailer part, "git send-email" failed to pick up the addresses from
+   there. As e-mail headers field names are case insensitive, this
+   script should follow suit and treat "cc:" and "Cc:" the same way.
+
+ * Output from "git status --ignored" showed an unexpected interaction
+   with "--untracked".
+
+ * "gitweb", when sorting by age to show repositories with new
+   activities first, used to sort repositories with absolutely
+   nothing in it early, which was not very useful.
+
+ * "gitweb"'s code to sanitize control characters before passing it to
+   "highlight" filter lost known-to-be-safe control characters by
+   mistake.
+
+ * "gitweb" pages served over HTTPS, when configured to show picon or
+   gravatar, referred to these external resources to be fetched via
+   HTTP, resulting in mixed contents warning in browsers.
+
+ * When a line to be wrapped has a solid run of non space characters
+   whose length exactly is the wrap width, "git shortlog -w" failed
+   to add a newline after such a line.
+
+ * Command line completion leaked an unnecessary error message while
+   looking for possible matches with paths in <tree-ish>.
+
+ * Command line completion for "tcsh" emitted an unwanted space
+   after completing a single directory name.
+
+ * Command line completion code was inadvertently made incompatible with
+   older versions of bash by using a newer array notation.
+
+ * "git push" was taught to refuse updating the branch that is
+   currently checked out long time ago, but the user manual was left
+   stale.
+   (merge 50995ed wk/man-deny-current-branch-is-default-these-days later to maint).
+
+ * Some shells do not behave correctly when IFS is unset; work it
+   around by explicitly setting it to the default value.
+
+ * Some scripted programs written in Python did not get updated when
+   PYTHON_PATH changed.
+   (cherry-pick 96a4647fca54031974cd6ad1 later to maint).
+
+ * When autoconf is used, any build on a different commit always ran
+   "config.status --recheck" even when unnecessary.
+
+ * A fix was added to the build procedure to work around buggy
+   versions of ccache broke the auto-generation of dependencies, which
+   unfortunately is still relevant because some people use ancient
+   distros.
+
+ * The autoconf subsystem passed --mandir down to generated
+   config.mak.autogen but forgot to do the same for --htmldir.
+   (merge 55d9bf0 ct/autoconf-htmldir later to maint).
+
+ * A change made on v1.8.1.x maintenance track had a nasty regression
+   to break the build when autoconf is used.
+   (merge 7f1b697 jn/less-reconfigure later to maint).
+
+ * We have been carrying a translated and long-unmaintained copy of an
+   old version of the tutorial; removed.
+
+ * t0050 had tests expecting failures from a bug that was fixed some
+   time ago.
+
+ * t4014, t9502 and t0200 tests had various portability issues that
+   broke on OpenBSD.
+
+ * t9020 and t3600 tests had various portability issues.
+
+ * t9200 runs "cvs init" on a directory that already exists, but a
+   platform can configure this fail for the current user (e.g. you
+   need to be in the cvsadmin group on NetBSD 6.0).
+
+ * t9020 and t9810 had a few non-portable shell script construct.
+
+ * Scripts to test bash completion was inherently flaky as it was
+   affected by whatever random things the user may have on $PATH.
+
+ * An element on GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES could be a "logical" pathname
+   that uses a symbolic link to point at somewhere else (e.g. /home/me
+   that points at /net/host/export/home/me, and the latter directory
+   is automounted). Earlier when Git saw such a pathname e.g. /home/me
+   on this environment variable, the "ceiling" mechanism did not take
+   effect. With this release (the fix has also been merged to the
+   v1.8.1.x maintenance series), elements on GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
+   are by default checked for such aliasing coming from symbolic
+   links. As this needs to actually resolve symbolic links for each
+   element on the GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES, you can disable this
+   mechanism for some elements by listing them after an empty element
+   on the GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES. e.g. Setting /home/me::/home/him to
+   GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES makes Git resolve symbolic links in
+   /home/me when checking if the current directory is under /home/me,
+   but does not do so for /home/him.
+   (merge 7ec30aa mh/maint-ceil-absolute later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ead568e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
+Git v1.8.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Backward compatibility notes (for Git 2.0)
+------------------------------------------
+
+When "git push [$there]" does not say what to push, we have used the
+traditional "matching" semantics so far (all your branches were sent
+to the remote as long as there already are branches of the same name
+over there).  In Git 2.0, the default will change to the "simple"
+semantics that pushes only the current branch to the branch with the same
+name, and only when the current branch is set to integrate with that
+remote branch.  Use the user preference configuration variable
+"push.default" to change this.  If you are an old-timer who is used
+to the "matching" semantics, you can set the variable to "matching"
+to keep the traditional behaviour.  If you want to live in the future
+early, you can set it to "simple" today without waiting for Git 2.0.
+
+When "git add -u" (and "git add -A") is run inside a subdirectory and
+does not specify which paths to add on the command line, it
+will operate on the entire tree in Git 2.0 for consistency
+with "git commit -a" and other commands.  There will be no
+mechanism to make plain "git add -u" behave like "git add -u .".
+Current users of "git add -u" (without a pathspec) should start
+training their fingers to explicitly say "git add -u ."
+before Git 2.0 comes.  A warning is issued when these commands are
+run without a pathspec and when you have local changes outside the
+current directory, because the behaviour in Git 2.0 will be different
+from today's version in such a situation.
+
+In Git 2.0, "git add <path>" will behave as "git add -A <path>", so
+that "git add dir/" will notice paths you removed from the directory
+and record the removal.  Versions before Git 2.0, including this
+release, will keep ignoring removals, but the users who rely on this
+behaviour are encouraged to start using "git add --ignore-removal <path>"
+now before 2.0 is released.
+
+
+Updates since v1.8.2
+--------------------
+
+Foreign interface
+
+ * remote-hg and remote-bzr helpers (in contrib/ since v1.8.2) have
+   been updated; especially, the latter has been done in an
+   accelerated schedule (read: we may not have merged to this release
+   if we were following the usual "cook sufficiently in next before
+   unleashing it to the world" workflow) in order to help Emacs folks,
+   whose primary SCM seems to be stagnating.
+
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * A handful of updates applied to gitk, including an addition of
+   "revert" action, showing dates in tags in a nicer way, making
+   colors configurable, and support for -G'pickaxe' search.
+
+ * The prompt string generator (in contrib/completion/) learned to
+   show how many changes there are in total and how many have been
+   replayed during a "git rebase" session.
+
+ * "git branch --vv" learned to paint the name of the branch it
+   integrates with in a different color (color.branch.upstream,
+   which defaults to blue).
+
+ * In a sparsely populated working tree, "git checkout <pathspec>" no
+   longer unmarks paths that match the given pathspec that were
+   originally ignored with "--sparse" (use --ignore-skip-worktree-bits
+   option to resurrect these paths out of the index if you really want
+   to).
+
+ * "git log --format" specifier learned %C(auto) token that tells Git
+   to use color when interpolating %d (decoration), %h (short commit
+   object name), etc. for terminal output.
+
+ * "git bisect" leaves the final outcome as a comment in its bisect
+   log file.
+
+ * "git clone --reference" can now refer to a gitfile "textual symlink"
+   that points at the real location of the repository.
+
+ * "git count-objects" learned "--human-readable" aka "-H" option to
+   show various large numbers in Ki/Mi/GiB scaled as necessary.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick $blob" and "git cherry-pick $tree" are nonsense,
+   and a more readable error message e.g. "can't cherry-pick a tree"
+   is given (we used to say "expected exactly one commit").
+
+ * The "--annotate" option to "git send-email" can be turned on (or
+   off) by default with sendemail.annotate configuration variable (you
+   can use --no-annotate from the command line to override it).
+
+ * The "--cover-letter" option to "git format-patch" can be turned on
+   (or off) by default with format.coverLetter configuration
+   variable. By setting it to 'auto', you can turn it on only for a
+   series with two or more patches.
+
+ * The bash completion support (in contrib/) learned that cherry-pick
+   takes a few more options than it already knew about.
+
+ * "git help" learned "-g" option to show the list of guides just like
+   list of commands are given with "-a".
+
+ * A triangular "pull from one place, push to another place" workflow
+   is supported better by new remote.pushdefault (overrides the
+   "origin" thing) and branch.*.pushremote (overrides the
+   branch.*.remote) configuration variables.
+
+ * "git status" learned to report that you are in the middle of a
+   revert session, just like it does for a cherry-pick and a bisect
+   session.
+
+ * The handling by "git branch --set-upstream-to" against various forms
+   of erroneous inputs was suboptimal and has been improved.
+
+ * When the interactive access to git-shell is not enabled, it issues
+   a message meant to help the system administrator to enable it.  An
+   explicit way has been added to issue custom messages to refuse an
+   access over the network to help the end users who connect to the
+   service expecting an interactive shell.
+
+ * In addition to the case where the user edits the log message with
+   the "e)dit" option of "am -i", replace the "Applying: this patch"
+   message with the final log message contents after applymsg hook
+   munges it.
+
+ * "git status" suggests users to look into using --untracked=no option
+   when it takes too long.
+
+ * "git status" shows a bit more information during a rebase/bisect
+   session.
+
+ * "git fetch" learned to fetch a commit at the tip of an unadvertised
+   ref by specifying a raw object name from the command line when the
+   server side supports this feature.
+
+ * Output from "git log --graph" works better with submodule log
+   output now.
+
+ * "git count-objects -v" learned to report leftover temporary
+   packfiles and other garbage in the object store.
+
+ * A new read-only credential helper (in contrib/) to interact with
+   the .netrc/.authinfo files has been added.
+
+ * "git send-email" can be used with the credential helper system.
+
+ * There was no Porcelain way to say "I no longer am interested in
+   this submodule", once you express your interest in a submodule with
+   "submodule init".  "submodule deinit" is the way to do so.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" learned to pass "-v/-q" options to underlying
+   "git rebase".
+
+ * The new "--follow-tags" option tells "git push" to push relevant
+   annotated tags when pushing branches out.
+
+ * "git merge" and "git pull" can optionally be told to inspect and
+   reject when merging a commit that does not carry a trusted GPG
+   signature.
+
+ * "git mergetool" now feeds files to the "p4merge" backend in the
+   order that matches the p4 convention, where "theirs" is usually
+   shown on the left side, which is the opposite from what other backends
+   expect.
+
+ * "show/log" now honors gpg.program configuration just like other
+   parts of the code that use GnuPG.
+
+ * "git log" that shows the difference between the parent and the
+   child has been optimized somewhat.
+
+ * "git difftool" allows the user to write into the temporary files
+   being shown; if the user makes changes to the working tree at the
+   same time, it now refrains from overwriting the copy in the working
+   tree and leaves the temporary file so that changes can be merged
+   manually.
+
+ * There was no good way to ask "I have a random string that came from
+   outside world. I want to turn it into a 40-hex object name while
+   making sure such an object exists".  A new peeling suffix ^{object}
+   can be used for that purpose, together with "rev-parse --verify".
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, etc.
+
+ * Updates for building under msvc.
+
+ * A handful of issues in the code that traverses the working tree to find
+   untracked and/or ignored files have been fixed, and the general
+   codepath involved in "status -u" and "clean" have been cleaned up
+   and optimized.
+
+ * The stack footprint of some codepaths that access an object from a
+   pack has been shrunk.
+
+ * The logic to coalesce the same lines removed from the parents in
+   the output from "diff -c/--cc" has been updated, but with O(n^2)
+   complexity, so this might turn out to be undesirable.
+
+ * The code to enforce permission bits on files in $GIT_DIR/ for
+   shared repositories has been simplified.
+
+ * A few codepaths know how much data they need to put in the
+   hashtables they use when they start, but still began with small tables
+   and repeatedly grew and rehashed them.
+
+ * The API to walk reflog entries from the latest to older, which was
+   necessary for operations such as "git checkout -", was cumbersome
+   to use correctly and also inefficient.
+
+ * Codepaths that inspect log-message-to-be and decide when to add a
+   new Signed-off-by line in various commands have been consolidated.
+
+ * The pkt-line API, implementation and its callers have been cleaned
+   up to make them more robust.
+
+ * The Cygwin port has a faster-but-lying lstat(2) emulation whose
+   incorrectness does not matter in practice except for a few
+   codepaths, and setting permission bits on directories is a codepath
+   that needs to use a more correct one.
+
+ * "git checkout" had repeated pathspec matches on the same paths,
+   which have been consolidated.  Also a bug in "git checkout dir/"
+   that is started from an unmerged index has been fixed.
+
+ * A few bugfixes to "git rerere" working on corner case merge
+   conflicts have been applied.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.8.2
+------------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v1.8.2 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see release notes to them for
+details).
+
+ * Recent versions of File::Temp (used by "git svn") started blowing
+   up when its tempfile sub is called as a class method; updated the
+   callsite to call it as a plain vanilla function to fix it.
+   (merge eafc2dd hb/git-pm-tempfile later to maint).
+
+ * Various subcommands of "git remote" simply ignored extraneous
+   command line arguments instead of diagnosing them as errors.
+
+ * When receive-pack detects an error in the pack header it received in
+   order to decide which of unpack-objects or index-pack to run, it
+   returned without closing the error stream, which led to a hung
+   sideband thread.
+
+ * Zsh completion forgot that the '%' character used to signal untracked
+   files needs to be escaped with another '%'.
+
+ * A commit object whose author or committer ident are malformed
+   crashed some code that trusted that a name, an email and a
+   timestamp can always be found in it.
+
+ * When "upload-pack" fails while generating a pack in response to
+   "git fetch" (or "git clone"), the receiving side had
+   a programming error that triggered the die handler
+   recursively.
+
+ * "rev-list --stdin" and friends kept bogus pointers into the input
+   buffer around as human readable object names.  This was not a huge
+   problem but was exposed by a new change that uses these names in
+   error output.
+
+ * Smart-capable HTTP servers were not restricted via the
+   GIT_NAMESPACE mechanism when talking with commit-walking clients,
+   like they are when talking with smart HTTP clients.
+   (merge 6130f86 jk/http-dumb-namespaces later to maint).
+
+ * "git merge-tree" did not omit a merge result that is identical to
+   the "our" side in certain cases.
+   (merge aacecc3 jk/merge-tree-added-identically later to maint).
+
+ * Perl scripts like "git-svn" closed (instead of redirecting to /dev/null)
+   the standard error stream, which is not a very smart thing to do.
+   A later open may return file descriptor #2 for an unrelated purpose, and
+   error reporting code may write into it.
+
+ * "git show-branch" was not prepared to show a very long run of
+   ancestor operators e.g. foobar^2~2^2^2^2...^2~4 correctly.
+
+ * "git diff --diff-algorithm algo" is also understood as "git diff
+   --diff-algorithm=algo".
+
+ * The new core.commentchar configuration was not applied in a few
+   places.
+
+ * "git bundle" erroneously bailed out when parsing a valid bundle
+   containing a prerequisite commit without a commit message.
+
+ * "git log -S/-G" started paying attention to textconv filter, but
+   there was no way to disable this.  Make it honor the --no-textconv
+   option.
+
+ * When used with the "-d temporary-directory" option, "git filter-branch"
+   failed to come back to the original working tree to perform the
+   final clean-up procedure.
+
+ * "git merge $(git rev-parse v1.8.2)" behaved quite differently from
+   "git merge v1.8.2", as if v1.8.2 were written as v1.8.2^0 and did
+   not pay much attention to the annotated tag payload.  Make the code
+   notice the type of the tag object, in addition to the dwim_ref()
+   based classification the current code uses (i.e. the name appears
+   in refs/tags/) to decide when to special-case tag merging.
+
+ * Fix a 1.8.1.x regression that stopped matching "dir" (without a
+   trailing slash) to a directory "dir".
+
+ * "git apply --whitespace=fix" was not prepared to see a line getting
+   longer after fixing whitespaces (e.g. tab-in-indent aka Python).
+
+ * The prompt string generator (in contrib/completion/) did not notice
+   when we are in a middle of a "git revert" session.
+
+ * "submodule summary --summary-limit" option did not support the
+   "--option=value" form.
+
+ * "index-pack --fix-thin" used an uninitialized value to compute
+   the delta depths of objects it appends to the resulting pack.
+
+ * "index-pack --verify-stat" used a few counters outside the protection
+   of a mutex, possibly showing incorrect numbers.
+
+ * The code to keep track of what directory names are known to Git on
+   platforms with case insensitive filesystems could get confused upon a
+   hash collision between these pathnames and would loop forever.
+
+ * Annotated tags outside the refs/tags/ hierarchy were not advertised
+   correctly to ls-remote and fetch with recent versions of Git.
+
+ * Recent optimizations broke shallow clones.
+
+ * "git cmd -- ':(top'" was not diagnosed as an invalid syntax, and
+   instead the parser kept reading beyond the end of the string.
+
+ * "git tag -f <tag>" always said "Updated tag '<tag>'" even when
+   creating a new tag (i.e. neither overwriting nor updating).
+
+ * "git p4" did not behave well when the path to the root of the P4
+   client was not its real path.
+   (merge bbd8486 pw/p4-symlinked-root later to maint).
+
+ * "git archive" reported a failure when asked to create an archive out
+   of an empty tree.  It is more intuitive to give an empty
+   archive back in such a case.
+
+ * When "format-patch" quoted a non-ascii string in header files,
+   it incorrectly applied rfc2047 and chopped a single character in
+   the middle of the string.
+
+ * An aliased command spawned from a bare repository that does not say
+   it is bare with "core.bare = yes" was treated as non-bare by mistake.
+
+ * In "git reflog expire", the REACHABLE bit was not cleared from the
+   correct objects.
+
+ * The logic used by "git diff -M --stat" to shorten the names of
+   files before and after a rename did not work correctly when the
+   common prefix and suffix between the two filenames overlapped.
+
+ * The "--match=<pattern>" option of "git describe", when used with
+   "--all" to allow refs that are not annotated tags to be a
+   base of description, did not restrict the output from the command
+   to those refs that match the given pattern.
+
+ * Clarify in the documentation "what" gets pushed to "where" when the
+   command line to "git push" does not say these explicitly.
+
+ * The "--color=<when>" argument to the commands in the diff family
+   was described poorly.
+
+ * The arguments given to the pre-rebase hook were not documented.
+
+ * The v4 index format was not documented.
+
+ * The "--match=<pattern>" argument "git describe" takes uses glob
+   pattern but it wasn't obvious from the documentation.
+
+ * Some sources failed to compile on systems that lack NI_MAXHOST in
+   their system header (e.g. z/OS).
+
+ * Add an example use of "--env-filter" in "filter-branch"
+   documentation.
+
+ * "git bundle verify" did not say "records a complete history" for a
+   bundle that does not have any prerequisites.
+
+ * In the v1.8.0 era, we changed symbols that do not have to be global
+   to file scope static, but a few functions in graph.c were used by
+   CGit sideways, bypassing the entry points of the API the
+   in-tree users use.
+
+ * "git update-index -h" did not do the usual "-h(elp)" thing.
+
+ * "git index-pack" had a buffer-overflow while preparing an
+   informational message when the translated version of it was too
+   long.
+
+ * 'git commit -m "$msg"' used to add an extra newline even when
+   $msg already ended with one.
+
+ * The SSL peer verification done by "git imap-send" did not ask for
+   Server Name Indication (RFC 4366), failing to connect to SSL/TLS
+   sites that serve multiple hostnames on a single IP.
+
+ * perl/Git.pm::cat_blob slurped everything in core only to write it
+   out to a file descriptor, which was not a very smart thing to do.
+
+ * "git branch" did not bother to check nonsense command line
+   parameters.  It now issues errors in many cases.
+
+ * Verification of signed tags was not done correctly when not in C
+   or en/US locale.
+
+ * Some platforms and users spell UTF-8 differently; retry with the
+   most official "UTF-8" when the system does not understand the
+   user-supplied encoding name that is a common alternative
+   spelling of UTF-8.
+
+ * When export-subst is used, "zip" output recorded an incorrect
+   size of the file.
+
+ * "git am $maildir/" applied messages in an unexpected order; sort
+   filenames read from the maildir/ in a way that is more likely to
+   sort the messages in the order the writing MUA meant to, by sorting
+   numeric segments in numeric order and non-numeric segments in
+   alphabetical order.
+
+ * "git submodule update", when recursed into sub-submodules, did not
+   accumulate the prefix paths.
diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
index 90133d8..d0a4733 100644
--- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
+++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -103,9 +103,9 @@ without external resources. Instead of giving a URL to a mailing list
 archive, summarize the relevant points of the discussion.
 
 
-(3) Generate your patch using git tools out of your commits.
+(3) Generate your patch using Git tools out of your commits.
 
-git based diff tools generate unidiff which is the preferred format.
+Git based diff tools generate unidiff which is the preferred format.
 
 You do not have to be afraid to use -M option to "git diff" or
 "git format-patch", if your patch involves file renames.  The
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ that is fine, but please mark it as such.
 
 (4) Sending your patches.
 
-People on the git mailing list need to be able to read and
+People on the Git mailing list need to be able to read and
 comment on the changes you are submitting.  It is important for
 a developer to be able to "quote" your changes, using standard
 e-mail tools, so that they may comment on specific portions of
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ patch.
 
 To improve tracking of who did what, we've borrowed the
 "sign-off" procedure from the Linux kernel project on patches
-that are being emailed around.  Although core GIT is a lot
+that are being emailed around.  Although core Git is a lot
 smaller project it is a good discipline to follow it.
 
 The sign-off is a simple line at the end of the explanation for
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ then you just add a line saying
 
 	Signed-off-by: Random J Developer <random@developer.example.org>
 
-This line can be automatically added by git if you run the git-commit
+This line can be automatically added by Git if you run the git-commit
 command with the -s option.
 
 Notice that you can place your own Signed-off-by: line when
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ Know the status of your patch after submission
   tell you if your patch is merged in pu if you rebase on top of
   master).
 
-* Read the git mailing list, the maintainer regularly posts messages
+* Read the Git mailing list, the maintainer regularly posts messages
   entitled "What's cooking in git.git" and "What's in git.git" giving
   the status of various proposed changes.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/asciidoc.conf b/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
index 1273a85..2c16c53 100644
--- a/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
+++ b/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #
 # Note, {0} is the manpage section, while {target} is the command.
 #
-# Show GIT link as: <command>(<section>); if section is defined, else just show
+# Show Git link as: <command>(<section>); if section is defined, else just show
 # the command.
 
 [macros]
diff --git a/Documentation/blame-options.txt b/Documentation/blame-options.txt
index d4a51da..b0d31df 100644
--- a/Documentation/blame-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/blame-options.txt
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ of lines before or after the line given by <start>.
 	running extra passes of inspection.
 +
 <num> is optional but it is the lower bound on the number of
-alphanumeric characters that git must detect as moving/copying
+alphanumeric characters that Git must detect as moving/copying
 within a file for it to associate those lines with the parent
 commit. The default value is 20.
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ commit. The default value is 20.
 	looks for copies from other files in any commit.
 +
 <num> is optional but it is the lower bound on the number of
-alphanumeric characters that git must detect as moving/copying
+alphanumeric characters that Git must detect as moving/copying
 between files for it to associate those lines with the parent
 commit. And the default value is 40. If there are more than one
 `-C` options given, the <num> argument of the last `-C` will
diff --git a/Documentation/cat-texi.perl b/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
index 828ec62..87437f8 100755
--- a/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
+++ b/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ while (<STDIN>) {
 		push @menu, $1;
 	}
 	s/\(\@pxref{\[(URLS|REMOTES)\]}\)//;
+	s/\@anchor\{[^{}]*\}//g;
 	print TMP;
 }
 close TMP;
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index c5f1d68..6e53fc5 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 CONFIGURATION FILE
 ------------------
 
-The git configuration file contains a number of variables that affect
-the git command's behavior. The `.git/config` file in each repository
+The Git configuration file contains a number of variables that affect
+the Git commands' behavior. The `.git/config` file in each repository
 is used to store the configuration for that repository, and
 `$HOME/.gitconfig` is used to store a per-user configuration as
 fallback values for the `.git/config` file. The file `/etc/gitconfig`
 can be used to store a system-wide default configuration.
 
-The configuration variables are used by both the git plumbing
+The configuration variables are used by both the Git plumbing
 and the porcelains. The variables are divided into sections, wherein
 the fully qualified variable name of the variable itself is the last
 dot-separated segment and the section name is everything before the last
@@ -140,10 +140,12 @@ advice.*::
 	can tell Git that you do not need help by setting these to 'false':
 +
 --
-	pushNonFastForward::
+	pushUpdateRejected::
 		Set this variable to 'false' if you want to disable
-		'pushNonFFCurrent', 'pushNonFFDefault', and
-		'pushNonFFMatching' simultaneously.
+		'pushNonFFCurrent', 'pushNonFFDefault',
+		'pushNonFFMatching', 'pushAlreadyExists',
+		'pushFetchFirst', and 'pushNeedsForce'
+		simultaneously.
 	pushNonFFCurrent::
 		Advice shown when linkgit:git-push[1] fails due to a
 		non-fast-forward update to the current branch.
@@ -158,12 +160,28 @@ advice.*::
 		'matching refs' explicitly (i.e. you used ':', or
 		specified a refspec that isn't your current branch) and
 		it resulted in a non-fast-forward error.
+	pushAlreadyExists::
+		Shown when linkgit:git-push[1] rejects an update that
+		does not qualify for fast-forwarding (e.g., a tag.)
+	pushFetchFirst::
+		Shown when linkgit:git-push[1] rejects an update that
+		tries to overwrite a remote ref that points at an
+		object we do not have.
+	pushNeedsForce::
+		Shown when linkgit:git-push[1] rejects an update that
+		tries to overwrite a remote ref that points at an
+		object that is not a committish, or make the remote
+		ref point at an object that is not a committish.
 	statusHints::
 		Show directions on how to proceed from the current
 		state in the output of linkgit:git-status[1], in
 		the template shown when writing commit messages in
 		linkgit:git-commit[1], and in the help message shown
 		by linkgit:git-checkout[1] when switching branch.
+	statusUoption::
+		Advise to consider using the `-u` option to linkgit:git-status[1]
+		when the command takes more than 2 seconds to enumerate untracked
+		files.
 	commitBeforeMerge::
 		Advice shown when linkgit:git-merge[1] refuses to
 		merge to avoid overwriting local changes.
@@ -205,9 +223,9 @@ core.ignoreCygwinFSTricks::
 
 core.ignorecase::
 	If true, this option enables various workarounds to enable
-	git to work better on filesystems that are not case sensitive,
+	Git to work better on filesystems that are not case sensitive,
 	like FAT. For example, if a directory listing finds
-	"makefile" when git expects "Makefile", git will assume
+	"makefile" when Git expects "Makefile", Git will assume
 	it is really the same file, and continue to remember it as
 	"Makefile".
 +
@@ -216,13 +234,13 @@ will probe and set core.ignorecase true if appropriate when the repository
 is created.
 
 core.precomposeunicode::
-	This option is only used by Mac OS implementation of git.
-	When core.precomposeunicode=true, git reverts the unicode decomposition
+	This option is only used by Mac OS implementation of Git.
+	When core.precomposeunicode=true, Git reverts the unicode decomposition
 	of filenames done by Mac OS. This is useful when sharing a repository
 	between Mac OS and Linux or Windows.
-	(Git for Windows 1.7.10 or higher is needed, or git under cygwin 1.7).
-	When false, file names are handled fully transparent by git,
-	which is backward compatible with older versions of git.
+	(Git for Windows 1.7.10 or higher is needed, or Git under cygwin 1.7).
+	When false, file names are handled fully transparent by Git,
+	which is backward compatible with older versions of Git.
 
 core.trustctime::
 	If false, the ctime differences between the index and the
@@ -231,6 +249,12 @@ core.trustctime::
 	crawlers and some backup systems).
 	See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. True by default.
 
+core.checkstat::
+	Determines which stat fields to match between the index
+	and work tree. The user can set this to 'default' or
+	'minimal'. Default (or explicitly 'default'), is to check
+	all fields, including the sub-second part of mtime and ctime.
+
 core.quotepath::
 	The commands that output paths (e.g. 'ls-files',
 	'diff'), when not given the `-z` option, will quote
@@ -252,20 +276,20 @@ core.eol::
 	conversion.
 
 core.safecrlf::
-	If true, makes git check if converting `CRLF` is reversible when
+	If true, makes Git check if converting `CRLF` is reversible when
 	end-of-line conversion is active.  Git will verify if a command
 	modifies a file in the work tree either directly or indirectly.
 	For example, committing a file followed by checking out the
 	same file should yield the original file in the work tree.  If
 	this is not the case for the current setting of
-	`core.autocrlf`, git will reject the file.  The variable can
-	be set to "warn", in which case git will only warn about an
+	`core.autocrlf`, Git will reject the file.  The variable can
+	be set to "warn", in which case Git will only warn about an
 	irreversible conversion but continue the operation.
 +
 CRLF conversion bears a slight chance of corrupting data.
-When it is enabled, git will convert CRLF to LF during commit and LF to
+When it is enabled, Git will convert CRLF to LF during commit and LF to
 CRLF during checkout.  A file that contains a mixture of LF and
-CRLF before the commit cannot be recreated by git.  For text
+CRLF before the commit cannot be recreated by Git.  For text
 files this is the right thing to do: it corrects line endings
 such that we have only LF line endings in the repository.
 But for binary files that are accidentally classified as text the
@@ -275,7 +299,7 @@ If you recognize such corruption early you can easily fix it by
 setting the conversion type explicitly in .gitattributes.  Right
 after committing you still have the original file in your work
 tree and this file is not yet corrupted.  You can explicitly tell
-git that this file is binary and git will handle the file
+Git that this file is binary and Git will handle the file
 appropriately.
 +
 Unfortunately, the desired effect of cleaning up text files with
@@ -320,7 +344,7 @@ is created.
 core.gitProxy::
 	A "proxy command" to execute (as 'command host port') instead
 	of establishing direct connection to the remote server when
-	using the git protocol for fetching. If the variable value is
+	using the Git protocol for fetching. If the variable value is
 	in the "COMMAND for DOMAIN" format, the command is applied only
 	on hostnames ending with the specified domain string. This variable
 	may be set multiple times and is matched in the given order;
@@ -379,7 +403,7 @@ Note that this variable is honored even when set in a configuration
 file in a ".git" subdirectory of a directory and its value differs
 from the latter directory (e.g. "/path/to/.git/config" has
 core.worktree set to "/different/path"), which is most likely a
-misconfiguration.  Running git commands in the "/path/to" directory will
+misconfiguration.  Running Git commands in the "/path/to" directory will
 still use "/different/path" as the root of the work tree and can cause
 confusion unless you know what you are doing (e.g. you are creating a
 read-only snapshot of the same index to a location different from the
@@ -388,7 +412,7 @@ repository's usual working tree).
 core.logAllRefUpdates::
 	Enable the reflog. Updates to a ref <ref> is logged to the file
 	"$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>", by appending the new and old
-	SHA1, the date/time and the reason of the update, but
+	SHA-1, the date/time and the reason of the update, but
 	only when the file exists.  If this configuration
 	variable is set to true, missing "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>"
 	file is automatically created for branch heads (i.e. under
@@ -411,7 +435,7 @@ core.sharedRepository::
 	several users in a group (making sure all the files and objects are
 	group-writable). When 'all' (or 'world' or 'everybody'), the
 	repository will be readable by all users, additionally to being
-	group-shareable. When 'umask' (or 'false'), git will use permissions
+	group-shareable. When 'umask' (or 'false'), Git will use permissions
 	reported by umask(2). When '0xxx', where '0xxx' is an octal number,
 	files in the repository will have this mode value. '0xxx' will override
 	user's umask value (whereas the other options will only override
@@ -422,8 +446,8 @@ core.sharedRepository::
 	See linkgit:git-init[1]. False by default.
 
 core.warnAmbiguousRefs::
-	If true, git will warn you if the ref name you passed it is ambiguous
-	and might match multiple refs in the .git/refs/ tree. True by default.
+	If true, Git will warn you if the ref name you passed it is ambiguous
+	and might match multiple refs in the repository. True by default.
 
 core.compression::
 	An integer -1..9, indicating a default compression level.
@@ -494,7 +518,7 @@ Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
 
 core.excludesfile::
 	In addition to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and
-	'.git/info/exclude', git looks into this file for patterns
+	'.git/info/exclude', Git looks into this file for patterns
 	of files which are not meant to be tracked.  "`~/`" is expanded
 	to the value of `$HOME` and "`~user/`" to the specified user's
 	home directory. Its default value is $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore.
@@ -512,7 +536,7 @@ core.askpass::
 
 core.attributesfile::
 	In addition to '.gitattributes' (per-directory) and
-	'.git/info/attributes', git looks into this file for attributes
+	'.git/info/attributes', Git looks into this file for attributes
 	(see linkgit:gitattributes[5]). Path expansions are made the same
 	way as for `core.excludesfile`. Its default value is
 	$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not
@@ -524,6 +548,12 @@ core.editor::
 	variable when it is set, and the environment variable
 	`GIT_EDITOR` is not set.  See linkgit:git-var[1].
 
+core.commentchar::
+	Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that lets you edit
+	messages consider a line that begins with this character
+	commented, and removes them after the editor returns
+	(default '#').
+
 sequence.editor::
 	Text editor used by `git rebase -i` for editing the rebase instruction file.
 	The value is meant to be interpreted by the shell when it is used.
@@ -531,9 +561,9 @@ sequence.editor::
 	When not configured the default commit message editor is used instead.
 
 core.pager::
-	The command that git will use to paginate output.  Can
+	The command that Git will use to paginate output.  Can
 	be overridden with the `GIT_PAGER` environment
-	variable.  Note that git sets the `LESS` environment
+	variable.  Note that Git sets the `LESS` environment
 	variable to `FRSX` if it is unset when it runs the
 	pager.  One can change these settings by setting the
 	`LESS` variable to some other value.  Alternately,
@@ -541,11 +571,11 @@ core.pager::
 	global basis by setting the `core.pager` option.
 	Setting `core.pager` has no effect on the `LESS`
 	environment variable behaviour above, so if you want
-	to override git's default settings this way, you need
+	to override Git's default settings this way, you need
 	to be explicit.  For example, to disable the S option
 	in a backward compatible manner, set `core.pager`
 	to `less -+S`.  This will be passed to the shell by
-	git, which will translate the final command to
+	Git, which will translate the final command to
 	`LESS=FRSX less -+S`.
 
 core.whitespace::
@@ -574,7 +604,7 @@ core.whitespace::
   does not trigger if the character before such a carriage-return
   is not a whitespace (not enabled by default).
 * `tabwidth=<n>` tells how many character positions a tab occupies; this
-  is relevant for `indent-with-non-tab` and when git fixes `tab-in-indent`
+  is relevant for `indent-with-non-tab` and when Git fixes `tab-in-indent`
   errors. The default tab width is 8. Allowed values are 1 to 63.
 
 core.fsyncobjectfiles::
@@ -590,7 +620,7 @@ core.preloadindex::
 +
 This can speed up operations like 'git diff' and 'git status' especially
 on filesystems like NFS that have weak caching semantics and thus
-relatively high IO latencies.  With this set to 'true', git will do the
+relatively high IO latencies.  With this set to 'true', Git will do the
 index comparison to the filesystem data in parallel, allowing
 overlapping IO's.
 
@@ -626,9 +656,9 @@ add.ignore-errors::
 add.ignoreErrors::
 	Tells 'git add' to continue adding files when some files cannot be
 	added due to indexing errors. Equivalent to the '--ignore-errors'
-	option of linkgit:git-add[1].  Older versions of git accept only
+	option of linkgit:git-add[1].  Older versions of Git accept only
 	`add.ignore-errors`, which does not follow the usual naming
-	convention for configuration variables.  Newer versions of git
+	convention for configuration variables.  Newer versions of Git
 	honor `add.ignoreErrors` as well.
 
 alias.*::
@@ -636,7 +666,7 @@ alias.*::
 	after defining "alias.last = cat-file commit HEAD", the invocation
 	"git last" is equivalent to "git cat-file commit HEAD". To avoid
 	confusion and troubles with script usage, aliases that
-	hide existing git commands are ignored. Arguments are split by
+	hide existing Git commands are ignored. Arguments are split by
 	spaces, the usual shell quoting and escaping is supported.
 	quote pair and a backslash can be used to quote them.
 +
@@ -683,7 +713,7 @@ branch.autosetupmerge::
 
 branch.autosetuprebase::
 	When a new branch is created with 'git branch' or 'git checkout'
-	that tracks another branch, this variable tells git to set
+	that tracks another branch, this variable tells Git to set
 	up pull to rebase instead of merge (see "branch.<name>.rebase").
 	When `never`, rebase is never automatically set to true.
 	When `local`, rebase is set to true for tracked branches of
@@ -697,9 +727,22 @@ branch.autosetuprebase::
 	This option defaults to never.
 
 branch.<name>.remote::
-	When in branch <name>, it tells 'git fetch' and 'git push' which
-	remote to fetch from/push to.  It defaults to `origin` if no remote is
-	configured. `origin` is also used if you are not on any branch.
+	When on branch <name>, it tells 'git fetch' and 'git push'
+	which remote to fetch from/push to.  The remote to push to
+	may be overridden with `remote.pushdefault` (for all branches).
+	The remote to push to, for the current branch, may be further
+	overridden by `branch.<name>.pushremote`.  If no remote is
+	configured, or if you are not on any branch, it defaults to
+	`origin` for fetching and `remote.pushdefault` for pushing.
+
+branch.<name>.pushremote::
+	When on branch <name>, it overrides `branch.<name>.remote` for
+	pushing.  It also overrides `remote.pushdefault` for pushing
+	from branch <name>.  When you pull from one place (e.g. your
+	upstream) and push to another place (e.g. your own publishing
+	repository), you would want to set `remote.pushdefault` to
+	specify the remote to push to for all branches, and use this
+	option to override it for a specific branch.
 
 branch.<name>.merge::
 	Defines, together with branch.<name>.remote, the upstream branch
@@ -735,6 +778,12 @@ branch.<name>.rebase::
 it unless you understand the implications (see linkgit:git-rebase[1]
 for details).
 
+branch.<name>.description::
+	Branch description, can be edited with
+	`git branch --edit-description`. Branch description is
+	automatically added in the format-patch cover letter or
+	request-pull summary.
+
 browser.<tool>.cmd::
 	Specify the command to invoke the specified browser. The
 	specified command is evaluated in shell with the URLs passed
@@ -758,7 +807,8 @@ color.branch::
 color.branch.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for branch coloration. `<slot>` is one of
 	`current` (the current branch), `local` (a local branch),
-	`remote` (a remote-tracking branch in refs/remotes/), `plain` (other
+	`remote` (a remote-tracking branch in refs/remotes/),
+	`upstream` (upstream tracking branch), `plain` (other
 	refs).
 +
 The value for these configuration variables is a list of colors (at most
@@ -858,7 +908,7 @@ color.status.<slot>::
 	one of `header` (the header text of the status message),
 	`added` or `updated` (files which are added but not committed),
 	`changed` (files which are changed but not added in the index),
-	`untracked` (files which are not tracked by git),
+	`untracked` (files which are not tracked by Git),
 	`branch` (the current branch), or
 	`nobranch` (the color the 'no branch' warning is shown in, defaulting
 	to red). The values of these variables may be specified as in
@@ -872,7 +922,7 @@ color.ui::
 	to `always` if you want all output not intended for machine
 	consumption to use color, to `true` or `auto` if you want such
 	output to use color when written to the terminal, or to `false` or
-	`never` if you prefer git commands not to use color unless enabled
+	`never` if you prefer Git commands not to use color unless enabled
 	explicitly with some other configuration or the `--color` option.
 
 column.ui::
@@ -913,6 +963,15 @@ column.tag::
 	Specify whether to output tag listing in `git tag` in columns.
 	See `column.ui` for details.
 
+commit.cleanup::
+	This setting overrides the default of the `--cleanup` option in
+	`git commit`. See linkgit:git-commit[1] for details. Changing the
+	default can be useful when you always want to keep lines that begin
+	with comment character `#` in your log message, in which case you
+	would do `git config commit.cleanup whitespace` (note that you will
+	have to remove the help lines that begin with `#` in the commit log
+	template yourself, if you do this).
+
 commit.status::
 	A boolean to enable/disable inclusion of status information in the
 	commit message template when using an editor to prepare the commit
@@ -980,7 +1039,7 @@ fetch.fsckObjects::
 	is used instead.
 
 fetch.unpackLimit::
-	If the number of objects fetched over the git native
+	If the number of objects fetched over the Git native
 	transfer is below this
 	limit, then the objects will be unpacked into loose object
 	files. However if the number of received objects equals or
@@ -1020,7 +1079,7 @@ format.subjectprefix::
 
 format.signature::
 	The default for format-patch is to output a signature containing
-	the git version number. Use this variable to change that default.
+	the Git version number. Use this variable to change that default.
 	Set this variable to the empty string ("") to suppress
 	signature generation.
 
@@ -1045,11 +1104,16 @@ format.thread::
 	value disables threading.
 
 format.signoff::
-    A boolean value which lets you enable the `-s/--signoff` option of
-    format-patch by default. *Note:* Adding the Signed-off-by: line to a
-    patch should be a conscious act and means that you certify you have
-    the rights to submit this work under the same open source license.
-    Please see the 'SubmittingPatches' document for further discussion.
+	A boolean value which lets you enable the `-s/--signoff` option of
+	format-patch by default. *Note:* Adding the Signed-off-by: line to a
+	patch should be a conscious act and means that you certify you have
+	the rights to submit this work under the same open source license.
+	Please see the 'SubmittingPatches' document for further discussion.
+
+format.coverLetter::
+	A boolean that controls whether to generate a cover-letter when
+	format-patch is invoked, but in addition can be set to "auto", to
+	generate a cover-letter only when there's more than one patch.
 
 filter.<driver>.clean::
 	The command which is used to convert the content of a worktree
@@ -1133,7 +1197,7 @@ gitcvs.logfile::
 gitcvs.usecrlfattr::
 	If true, the server will look up the end-of-line conversion
 	attributes for files to determine the '-k' modes to use. If
-	the attributes force git to treat a file as text,
+	the attributes force Git to treat a file as text,
 	the '-k' mode will be left blank so CVS clients will
 	treat it as text. If they suppress text conversion, the file
 	will be set with '-kb' mode, which suppresses any newline munging
@@ -1153,7 +1217,7 @@ gitcvs.allbinary::
 
 gitcvs.dbname::
 	Database used by git-cvsserver to cache revision information
-	derived from the git repository. The exact meaning depends on the
+	derived from the Git repository. The exact meaning depends on the
 	used database driver, for SQLite (which is the default driver) this
 	is a filename. Supports variable substitution (see
 	linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details). May not contain semicolons (`;`).
@@ -1161,7 +1225,7 @@ gitcvs.dbname::
 
 gitcvs.dbdriver::
 	Used Perl DBI driver. You can specify any available driver
-        for this here, but it might not work. git-cvsserver is tested
+	for this here, but it might not work. git-cvsserver is tested
 	with 'DBD::SQLite', reported to work with 'DBD::Pg', and
 	reported *not* to work with 'DBD::mysql'. Experimental feature.
 	May not contain double colons (`:`). Default: 'SQLite'.
@@ -1365,7 +1429,7 @@ http.proxy::
 
 http.cookiefile::
 	File containing previously stored cookie lines which should be used
-	in the git http session, if they match the server. The file format
+	in the Git http session, if they match the server. The file format
 	of the file to read cookies from should be plain HTTP headers or
 	the Netscape/Mozilla cookie file format (see linkgit:curl[1]).
 	NOTE that the file specified with http.cookiefile is only used as
@@ -1387,7 +1451,7 @@ http.sslKey::
 	variable.
 
 http.sslCertPasswordProtected::
-	Enable git's password prompt for the SSL certificate.  Otherwise
+	Enable Git's password prompt for the SSL certificate.  Otherwise
 	OpenSSL will prompt the user, possibly many times, if the
 	certificate or private key is encrypted.  Can be overridden by the
 	'GIT_SSL_CERT_PASSWORD_PROTECTED' environment variable.
@@ -1402,6 +1466,14 @@ http.sslCAPath::
 	with when fetching or pushing over HTTPS. Can be overridden
 	by the 'GIT_SSL_CAPATH' environment variable.
 
+http.sslTry::
+	Attempt to use AUTH SSL/TLS and encrypted data transfers
+	when connecting via regular FTP protocol. This might be needed
+	if the FTP server requires it for security reasons or you wish
+	to connect securely whenever remote FTP server supports it.
+	Default is false since it might trigger certificate verification
+	errors on misconfigured servers.
+
 http.maxRequests::
 	How many HTTP requests to launch in parallel. Can be overridden
 	by the 'GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUESTS' environment variable. Default is 5.
@@ -1434,7 +1506,7 @@ http.noEPSV::
 
 http.useragent::
 	The HTTP USER_AGENT string presented to an HTTP server.  The default
-	value represents the version of the client git such as git/1.7.1.
+	value represents the version of the client Git such as git/1.7.1.
 	This option allows you to override this value to a more common value
 	such as Mozilla/4.0.  This may be necessary, for instance, if
 	connecting through a firewall that restricts HTTP connections to a set
@@ -1442,7 +1514,7 @@ http.useragent::
 	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_HTTP_USER_AGENT' environment variable.
 
 i18n.commitEncoding::
-	Character encoding the commit messages are stored in; git itself
+	Character encoding the commit messages are stored in; Git itself
 	does not care per se, but this information is necessary e.g. when
 	importing commits from emails or in the gitk graphical history
 	browser (and possibly at other places in the future or in other
@@ -1515,6 +1587,10 @@ log.showroot::
 	Tools like linkgit:git-log[1] or linkgit:git-whatchanged[1], which
 	normally hide the root commit will now show it. True by default.
 
+log.mailmap::
+	If true, makes linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1], and
+	linkgit:git-whatchanged[1] assume `--use-mailmap`.
+
 mailmap.file::
 	The location of an augmenting mailmap file. The default
 	mailmap, located in the root of the repository, is loaded
@@ -1523,6 +1599,14 @@ mailmap.file::
 	subdirectory, or somewhere outside of the repository itself.
 	See linkgit:git-shortlog[1] and linkgit:git-blame[1].
 
+mailmap.blob::
+	Like `mailmap.file`, but consider the value as a reference to a
+	blob in the repository. If both `mailmap.file` and
+	`mailmap.blob` are given, both are parsed, with entries from
+	`mailmap.file` taking precedence. In a bare repository, this
+	defaults to `HEAD:.mailmap`. In a non-bare repository, it
+	defaults to empty.
+
 man.viewer::
 	Specify the programs that may be used to display help in the
 	'man' format. See linkgit:git-help[1].
@@ -1568,7 +1652,7 @@ mergetool.keepBackup::
 	`true` (i.e. keep the backup files).
 
 mergetool.keepTemporaries::
-	When invoking a custom merge tool, git uses a set of temporary
+	When invoking a custom merge tool, Git uses a set of temporary
 	files to pass to the tool. If the tool returns an error and this
 	variable is set to `true`, then these temporary files will be
 	preserved, otherwise they will be removed after the tool has
@@ -1596,7 +1680,7 @@ displayed.
 
 notes.rewrite.<command>::
 	When rewriting commits with <command> (currently `amend` or
-	`rebase`) and this variable is set to `true`, git
+	`rebase`) and this variable is set to `true`, Git
 	automatically copies your notes from the original to the
 	rewritten commit.  Defaults to `true`, but see
 	"notes.rewriteRef" below.
@@ -1676,7 +1760,7 @@ pack.threads::
 	warning. This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor
 	machines. The required amount of memory for the delta search window
 	is however multiplied by the number of threads.
-	Specifying 0 will cause git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
+	Specifying 0 will cause Git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
 	and set the number of threads accordingly.
 
 pack.indexVersion::
@@ -1688,11 +1772,11 @@ pack.indexVersion::
 	and this config option ignored whenever the corresponding pack is
 	larger than 2 GB.
 +
-If you have an old git that does not understand the version 2 `*.idx` file,
+If you have an old Git that does not understand the version 2 `*.idx` file,
 cloning or fetching over a non native protocol (e.g. "http" and "rsync")
 that will copy both `*.pack` file and corresponding `*.idx` file from the
 other side may give you a repository that cannot be accessed with your
-older version of git. If the `*.pack` file is smaller than 2 GB, however,
+older version of Git. If the `*.pack` file is smaller than 2 GB, however,
 you can use linkgit:git-index-pack[1] on the *.pack file to regenerate
 the `*.idx` file.
 
@@ -1707,7 +1791,7 @@ pack.packSizeLimit::
 
 pager.<cmd>::
 	If the value is boolean, turns on or off pagination of the
-	output of a particular git subcommand when writing to a tty.
+	output of a particular Git subcommand when writing to a tty.
 	Otherwise, turns on pagination for the subcommand using the
 	pager specified by the value of `pager.<cmd>`.  If `--paginate`
 	or `--no-pager` is specified on the command line, it takes
@@ -1742,7 +1826,7 @@ pull.twohead::
 	The default merge strategy to use when pulling a single branch.
 
 push.default::
-	Defines the action git push should take if no refspec is given
+	Defines the action `git push` should take if no refspec is given
 	on the command line, no refspec is configured in the remote, and
 	no refspec is implied by any of the options given on the command
 	line. Possible values are:
@@ -1828,10 +1912,24 @@ receive.denyNonFastForwards::
 	even if that push is forced. This configuration variable is
 	set when initializing a shared repository.
 
+receive.hiderefs::
+	String(s) `receive-pack` uses to decide which refs to omit
+	from its initial advertisement.  Use more than one
+	definitions to specify multiple prefix strings. A ref that
+	are under the hierarchies listed on the value of this
+	variable is excluded, and is hidden when responding to `git
+	push`, and an attempt to update or delete a hidden ref by
+	`git push` is rejected.
+
 receive.updateserverinfo::
 	If set to true, git-receive-pack will run git-update-server-info
 	after receiving data from git-push and updating refs.
 
+remote.pushdefault::
+	The remote to push to by default.  Overrides
+	`branch.<name>.remote` for all branches, and is overridden by
+	`branch.<name>.pushremote` for specific branches.
+
 remote.<name>.url::
 	The URL of a remote repository.  See linkgit:git-fetch[1] or
 	linkgit:git-push[1].
@@ -1883,7 +1981,7 @@ remote.<name>.tagopt::
 	linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 remote.<name>.vcs::
-	Setting this to a value <vcs> will cause git to interact with
+	Setting this to a value <vcs> will cause Git to interact with
 	the remote with the git-remote-<vcs> helper.
 
 remotes.<group>::
@@ -1893,9 +1991,9 @@ remotes.<group>::
 repack.usedeltabaseoffset::
 	By default, linkgit:git-repack[1] creates packs that use
 	delta-base offset. If you need to share your repository with
-	git older than version 1.4.4, either directly or via a dumb
+	Git older than version 1.4.4, either directly or via a dumb
 	protocol such as http, then you need to set this option to
-	"false" and repack. Access from old git versions over the
+	"false" and repack. Access from old Git versions over the
 	native protocol are unaffected by this option.
 
 rerere.autoupdate::
@@ -1932,6 +2030,7 @@ sendemail.<identity>.*::
 
 sendemail.aliasesfile::
 sendemail.aliasfiletype::
+sendemail.annotate::
 sendemail.bcc::
 sendemail.cc::
 sendemail.cccmd::
@@ -1964,7 +2063,7 @@ showbranch.default::
 status.relativePaths::
 	By default, linkgit:git-status[1] shows paths relative to the
 	current directory. Setting this variable to `false` shows paths
-	relative to the repository root (this was the default for git
+	relative to the repository root (this was the default for Git
 	prior to v1.5.4).
 
 status.showUntrackedFiles::
@@ -2002,6 +2101,12 @@ submodule.<name>.update::
 	URL and other values found in the `.gitmodules` file.  See
 	linkgit:git-submodule[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5] for details.
 
+submodule.<name>.branch::
+	The remote branch name for a submodule, used by `git submodule
+	update --remote`.  Set this option to override the value found in
+	the `.gitmodules` file.  See linkgit:git-submodule[1] and
+	linkgit:gitmodules[5] for details.
+
 submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules::
 	This option can be used to control recursive fetching of this
 	submodule. It can be overridden by using the --[no-]recurse-submodules
@@ -2034,18 +2139,38 @@ transfer.fsckObjects::
 	not set, the value of this variable is used instead.
 	Defaults to false.
 
+transfer.hiderefs::
+	This variable can be used to set both `receive.hiderefs`
+	and `uploadpack.hiderefs` at the same time to the same
+	values.  See entries for these other variables.
+
 transfer.unpackLimit::
 	When `fetch.unpackLimit` or `receive.unpackLimit` are
 	not set, the value of this variable is used instead.
 	The default value is 100.
 
+uploadpack.hiderefs::
+	String(s) `upload-pack` uses to decide which refs to omit
+	from its initial advertisement.  Use more than one
+	definitions to specify multiple prefix strings. A ref that
+	are under the hierarchies listed on the value of this
+	variable is excluded, and is hidden from `git ls-remote`,
+	`git fetch`, etc.  An attempt to fetch a hidden ref by `git
+	fetch` will fail.  See also `uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant`.
+
+uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant::
+	When `uploadpack.hiderefs` is in effect, allow `upload-pack`
+	to accept a fetch request that asks for an object at the tip
+	of a hidden ref (by default, such a request is rejected).
+	see also `uploadpack.hiderefs`.
+
 url.<base>.insteadOf::
 	Any URL that starts with this value will be rewritten to
 	start, instead, with <base>. In cases where some site serves a
 	large number of repositories, and serves them with multiple
 	access methods, and some users need to use different access
 	methods, this feature allows people to specify any of the
-	equivalent URLs and have git automatically rewrite the URL to
+	equivalent URLs and have Git automatically rewrite the URL to
 	the best alternative for the particular user, even for a
 	never-before-seen repository on the site.  When more than one
 	insteadOf strings match a given URL, the longest match is used.
@@ -2056,11 +2181,11 @@ url.<base>.pushInsteadOf::
 	resulting URL will be pushed to. In cases where some site serves
 	a large number of repositories, and serves them with multiple
 	access methods, some of which do not allow push, this feature
-	allows people to specify a pull-only URL and have git
+	allows people to specify a pull-only URL and have Git
 	automatically use an appropriate URL to push, even for a
 	never-before-seen repository on the site.  When more than one
 	pushInsteadOf strings match a given URL, the longest match is
-	used.  If a remote has an explicit pushurl, git will ignore this
+	used.  If a remote has an explicit pushurl, Git will ignore this
 	setting for that remote.
 
 user.email::
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-config.txt b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
index 4314ad0..ac77050 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ diff.renameLimit::
 	detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option '-l'.
 
 diff.renames::
-	Tells git to detect renames.  If set to any boolean value, it
+	Tells Git to detect renames.  If set to any boolean value, it
 	will enable basic rename detection.  If set to "copies" or
 	"copy", it will detect copies, as well.
 
@@ -149,9 +149,27 @@ diff.<driver>.cachetextconv::
 	conversion outputs.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
 
 diff.tool::
-	The diff tool to be used by linkgit:git-difftool[1].  This
-	option overrides `merge.tool`, and has the same valid built-in
-	values as `merge.tool` minus "tortoisemerge" and plus
-	"kompare".  Any other value is treated as a custom diff tool,
-	and there must be a corresponding `difftool.<tool>.cmd`
-	option.
+	Controls which diff tool is used by linkgit:git-difftool[1].
+	This variable overrides the value configured in `merge.tool`.
+	The list below shows the valid built-in values.
+	Any other value is treated as a custom diff tool and requires
+	that a corresponding difftool.<tool>.cmd variable is defined.
+
+include::mergetools-diff.txt[]
+
+diff.algorithm::
+	Choose a diff algorithm.  The variants are as follows:
++
+--
+`default`, `myers`;;
+	The basic greedy diff algorithm. Currently, this is the default.
+`minimal`;;
+	Spend extra time to make sure the smallest possible diff is
+	produced.
+`patience`;;
+	Use "patience diff" algorithm when generating patches.
+`histogram`;;
+	This algorithm extends the patience algorithm to "support
+	low-occurrence common elements".
+--
++
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index bbfe8f8..104579d 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -55,6 +55,26 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 --histogram::
 	Generate a diff using the "histogram diff" algorithm.
 
+--diff-algorithm={patience|minimal|histogram|myers}::
+	Choose a diff algorithm. The variants are as follows:
++
+--
+`default`, `myers`;;
+	The basic greedy diff algorithm. Currently, this is the default.
+`minimal`;;
+	Spend extra time to make sure the smallest possible diff is
+	produced.
+`patience`;;
+	Use "patience diff" algorithm when generating patches.
+`histogram`;;
+	This algorithm extends the patience algorithm to "support
+	low-occurrence common elements".
+--
++
+For instance, if you configured diff.algorithm variable to a
+non-default value and want to use the default one, then you
+have to use `--diff-algorithm=default` option.
+
 --stat[=<width>[,<name-width>[,<count>]]]::
 	Generate a diffstat. By default, as much space as necessary
 	will be used for the filename part, and the rest for the graph
@@ -283,7 +303,7 @@ few lines that happen to match textually as the context, but as a
 single deletion of everything old followed by a single insertion of
 everything new, and the number `m` controls this aspect of the -B
 option (defaults to 60%). `-B/70%` specifies that less than 30% of the
-original should remain in the result for git to consider it a total
+original should remain in the result for Git to consider it a total
 rewrite (i.e. otherwise the resulting patch will be a series of
 deletion and insertion mixed together with context lines).
 +
@@ -307,7 +327,7 @@ ifdef::git-log[]
 endif::git-log[]
 	If `n` is specified, it is a threshold on the similarity
 	index (i.e. amount of addition/deletions compared to the
-	file's size). For example, `-M90%` means git should consider a
+	file's size). For example, `-M90%` means Git should consider a
 	delete/add pair to be a rename if more than 90% of the file
 	hasn't changed.  Without a `%` sign, the number is to be read as
 	a fraction, with a decimal point before it.  I.e., `-M5` becomes
diff --git a/Documentation/everyday.txt b/Documentation/everyday.txt
index 048337b..e1fba85 100644
--- a/Documentation/everyday.txt
+++ b/Documentation/everyday.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Everyday GIT With 20 Commands Or So
+Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So
 ===================================
 
 <<Individual Developer (Standalone)>> commands are essential for
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ commands in addition to the above.
 
 <<Repository Administration>> commands are for system
 administrators who are responsible for the care and feeding
-of git repositories.
+of Git repositories.
 
 
 Individual Developer (Standalone)[[Individual Developer (Standalone)]]
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ $ git log v2.43.. curses/ <12>
 +
 <1> create a new topic branch.
 <2> revert your botched changes in `curses/ux_audio_oss.c`.
-<3> you need to tell git if you added a new file; removal and
+<3> you need to tell Git if you added a new file; removal and
 modification will be caught if you do `git commit -a` later.
 <4> to see what changes you are committing.
 <5> commit everything as you have tested, with your sign-off.
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ commands in addition to the ones needed by participants.
 Examples
 ~~~~~~~~
 
-My typical GIT day.::
+My typical Git day.::
 +
 ------------
 $ git status <1>
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ Run git-daemon to serve /pub/scm from xinetd.::
 ------------
 $ cat /etc/xinetd.d/git-daemon
 # default: off
-# description: The git server offers access to git repositories
+# description: The Git server offers access to Git repositories
 service git
 {
         disable = no
diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
index 6e98bdf..9cb6496 100644
--- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
@@ -8,11 +8,15 @@
 	option old data in `.git/FETCH_HEAD` will be overwritten.
 
 --depth=<depth>::
-	Deepen the history of a 'shallow' repository created by
+	Deepen or shorten the history of a 'shallow' repository created by
 	`git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see linkgit:git-clone[1])
 	to the specified number of commits from the tip of each remote
 	branch history. Tags for the deepened commits are not fetched.
 
+--unshallow::
+	Convert a shallow repository to a complete one, removing all
+	the limitations imposed by shallow repositories.
+
 ifndef::git-pull[]
 --dry-run::
 	Show what would be done, without making any changes.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-add.txt b/Documentation/git-add.txt
index d0cdb07..48754cb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-add.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-add.txt
@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git add' [-n] [-v] [--force | -f] [--interactive | -i] [--patch | -p]
-	  [--edit | -e] [--all | [--update | -u]] [--intent-to-add | -N]
-	  [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--ignore-missing] [--]
-	  [<pathspec>...]
+	  [--edit | -e] [--[no-]all | --[no-]ignore-removal | [--update | -u]]
+	  [--intent-to-add | -N] [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--ignore-missing]
+	  [--] [<pathspec>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -100,23 +100,40 @@ apply to the index. See EDITING PATCHES below.
 
 -u::
 --update::
-	Only match <pathspec> against already tracked files in
-	the index rather than the working tree. That means that it
-	will never stage new files, but that it will stage modified
-	new contents of tracked files and that it will remove files
-	from the index if the corresponding files in the working tree
-	have been removed.
+	Update the index just where it already has an entry matching
+	<pathspec>.  This removes as well as modifies index entries to
+	match the working tree, but adds no new files.
 +
-If no <pathspec> is given, default to "."; in other words,
-update all tracked files in the current directory and its
-subdirectories.
+If no <pathspec> is given, the current version of Git defaults to
+"."; in other words, update all tracked files in the current directory
+and its subdirectories. This default will change in a future version
+of Git, hence the form without <pathspec> should not be used.
 
 -A::
 --all::
-	Like `-u`, but match <pathspec> against files in the
-	working tree in addition to the index. That means that it
-	will find new files as well as staging modified content and
-	removing files that are no longer in the working tree.
+--no-ignore-removal::
+	Update the index not only where the working tree has a file
+	matching <pathspec> but also where the index already has an
+	entry.	This adds, modifies, and removes index entries to
+	match the working tree.
++
+If no <pathspec> is given, the current version of Git defaults to
+"."; in other words, update all files in the current directory
+and its subdirectories. This default will change in a future version
+of Git, hence the form without <pathspec> should not be used.
+
+--no-all::
+--ignore-removal::
+	Update the index by adding new files that are unknown to the
+	index and files modified in the working tree, but ignore
+	files that have been removed from the working tree.  This
+	option is a no-op when no <pathspec> is used.
++
+This option is primarily to help the current users of Git, whose
+"git add <pathspec>..." ignores removed files.  In future versions
+of Git, "git add <pathspec>..." will be a synonym to "git add -A
+<pathspec>..." and "git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>..." will behave like
+today's "git add <pathspec>...", ignoring removed files.
 
 -N::
 --intent-to-add::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt
index 19d57a8..5bbe7b6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-am.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ git-am - Apply a series of patches from a mailbox
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git am' [--signoff] [--keep] [--keep-cr | --no-keep-cr] [--utf8 | --no-utf8]
+'git am' [--signoff] [--keep] [--[no-]keep-cr] [--[no-]utf8]
 	 [--3way] [--interactive] [--committer-date-is-author-date]
 	 [--ignore-date] [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace]
 	 [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
 	 [--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--reject] [-q | --quiet]
-	 [--scissors | --no-scissors]
+	 [--[no-]scissors]
 	 [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]
 'git am' (--continue | --skip | --abort)
 
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --keep-non-patch::
 	Pass `-b` flag to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
 
---keep-cr::
---no-keep-cr::
+--[no-]keep-cr::
 	With `--keep-cr`, call 'git mailsplit' (see linkgit:git-mailsplit[1])
 	with the same option, to prevent it from stripping CR at the end of
 	lines. `am.keepcr` configuration variable can be used to specify the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-apply.txt b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
index 634b84e..f605327 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-apply.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Reads the supplied diff output (i.e. "a patch") and applies it to files.
 With the `--index` option the patch is also applied to the index, and
 with the `--cached` option the patch is only applied to the index.
 Without these options, the command applies the patch only to files,
-and does not require them to be in a git repository.
+and does not require them to be in a Git repository.
 
 This command applies the patch but does not create a commit.  Use
 linkgit:git-am[1] to create commits from patches generated by
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ behavior:
 * `fix` outputs warnings for a few such errors, and applies the
   patch after fixing them (`strip` is a synonym --- the tool
   used to consider only trailing whitespace characters as errors, and the
-  fix involved 'stripping' them, but modern gits do more).
+  fix involved 'stripping' them, but modern Gits do more).
 * `error` outputs warnings for a few such errors, and refuses
   to apply the patch.
 * `error-all` is similar to `error` but shows all errors.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-archimport.txt b/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
index f4504ba..163b9f6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-archimport.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-archimport(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-archimport - Import an Arch repository into git
+git-archimport - Import an Arch repository into Git
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ directory. To follow the development of a project that uses Arch, rerun
 incremental imports.
 
 While 'git archimport' will try to create sensible branch names for the
-archives that it imports, it is also possible to specify git branch names
-manually.  To do so, write a git branch name after each <archive/branch>
+archives that it imports, it is also possible to specify Git branch names
+manually.  To do so, write a Git branch name after each <archive/branch>
 parameter, separated by a colon.  This way, you can shorten the Arch
-branch names and convert Arch jargon to git jargon, for example mapping a
+branch names and convert Arch jargon to Git jargon, for example mapping a
 "PROJECT{litdd}devo{litdd}VERSION" branch to "master".
 
-Associating multiple Arch branches to one git branch is possible; the
+Associating multiple Arch branches to one Git branch is possible; the
 result will make the most sense only if no commits are made to the first
 branch, after the second branch is created.  Still, this is useful to
 convert Arch repositories that had been rotated periodically.
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ convert Arch repositories that had been rotated periodically.
 
 MERGES
 ------
-Patch merge data from Arch is used to mark merges in git as well. git
+Patch merge data from Arch is used to mark merges in Git as well. Git
 does not care much about tracking patches, and only considers a merge when a
 branch incorporates all the commits since the point they forked. The end result
-is that git will have a good idea of how far branches have diverged. So the
+is that Git will have a good idea of how far branches have diverged. So the
 import process does lose some patch-trading metadata.
 
 Fortunately, when you try and merge branches imported from Arch,
-git will find a good merge base, and it has a good chance of identifying
+Git will find a good merge base, and it has a good chance of identifying
 patches that have been traded out-of-sequence between the branches.
 
 OPTIONS
diff --git a/Documentation/git-archive.txt b/Documentation/git-archive.txt
index 59d73e5..b97aaab 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-archive.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-archive.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git archive' [--format=<fmt>] [--list] [--prefix=<prefix>/] [<extra>]
-	      [-o | --output=<file>] [--worktree-attributes]
+	      [-o <file> | --output=<file>] [--worktree-attributes]
 	      [--remote=<repo> [--exec=<git-upload-archive>]] <tree-ish>
 	      [<path>...]
 
@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	Write the archive to <file> instead of stdout.
 
 --worktree-attributes::
-	Look for attributes in .gitattributes in working directory too.
+	Look for attributes in .gitattributes files in the working tree
+	as well (see <<ATTRIBUTES>>).
 
 <extra>::
 	This can be any options that the archiver backend understands.
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@ tar.<format>.remote::
 	user-defined formats, but true for the "tar.gz" and "tgz"
 	formats.
 
+[[ATTRIBUTES]]
 ATTRIBUTES
 ----------
 
@@ -128,7 +130,7 @@ export-ignore::
 	added to archive files.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
 
 export-subst::
-	If the attribute export-subst is set for a file then git will
+	If the attribute export-subst is set for a file then Git will
 	expand several placeholders when adding this file to an archive.
 	See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
index ec4497e..0eed3e3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ Note that the example that we will use is really a toy example, we
 will be looking for the first commit that has a version like
 "2.6.26-something", that is the commit that has a "SUBLEVEL = 26" line
 in the top level Makefile. This is a toy example because there are
-better ways to find this commit with git than using "git bisect" (for
+better ways to find this commit with Git than using "git bisect" (for
 example "git blame" or "git log -S<string>").
 
 Driving a bisection manually
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ So only the W and B commits will be kept. Because commits X and Y will
 have been removed by rules a) and b) respectively, and because commits
 G are removed by rule b) too.
 
-Note for git users, that it is equivalent as keeping only the commit
+Note for Git users, that it is equivalent as keeping only the commit
 given by:
 
 -------------
@@ -710,8 +710,8 @@ Skip algorithm discussed
 After step 7) (in the skip algorithm), we could check if the second
 commit has been skipped and return it if it is not the case. And in
 fact that was the algorithm we used from when "git bisect skip" was
-developed in git version 1.5.4 (released on February 1st 2008) until
-git version 1.6.4 (released July 29th 2009).
+developed in Git version 1.5.4 (released on February 1st 2008) until
+Git version 1.6.4 (released July 29th 2009).
 
 But Ingo Molnar and H. Peter Anvin (another well known linux kernel
 developer) both complained that sometimes the best bisection points
@@ -1025,10 +1025,10 @@ And here is what Andreas said about this work-flow <<5>>:
 _____________
 To give some hard figures, we used to have an average report-to-fix
 cycle of 142.6 hours (according to our somewhat weird bug-tracker
-which just measures wall-clock time). Since we moved to git, we've
+which just measures wall-clock time). Since we moved to Git, we've
 lowered that to 16.2 hours. Primarily because we can stay on top of
 the bug fixing now, and because everyone's jockeying to get to fix
-bugs (we're quite proud of how lazy we are to let git find the bugs
+bugs (we're quite proud of how lazy we are to let Git find the bugs
 for us). Each new release results in ~40% fewer bugs (almost certainly
 due to how we now feel about writing tests).
 _____________
@@ -1228,9 +1228,9 @@ commits in already released history, for example to change the commit
 message or the author. And it can also be used instead of git "grafts"
 to link a repository with another old repository.
 
-In fact it's this last feature that "sold" it to the git community, so
-it is now in the "master" branch of git's git repository and it should
-be released in git 1.6.5 in October or November 2009.
+In fact it's this last feature that "sold" it to the Git community, so
+it is now in the "master" branch of Git's Git repository and it should
+be released in Git 1.6.5 in October or November 2009.
 
 One problem with "git replace" is that currently it stores all the
 replacements refs in "refs/replace/", but it would be perhaps better
@@ -1324,7 +1324,7 @@ Acknowledgements
 ----------------
 
 Many thanks to Junio Hamano for his help in reviewing this paper, for
-reviewing the patches I sent to the git mailing list, for discussing
+reviewing the patches I sent to the Git mailing list, for discussing
 some ideas and helping me improve them, for improving "git bisect" a
 lot and for his awesome work in maintaining and developing Git.
 
@@ -1337,7 +1337,7 @@ Many thanks to Linus Torvalds for inventing, developing and
 evangelizing "git bisect", Git and Linux.
 
 Many thanks to the many other great people who helped one way or
-another when I worked on git, especially to Andreas Ericsson, Johannes
+another when I worked on Git, especially to Andreas Ericsson, Johannes
 Schindelin, H. Peter Anvin, Daniel Barkalow, Bill Lear, John Hawley,
 Shawn O. Pierce, Jeff King, Sam Vilain, Jon Seymour.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
index 038514b..f986c5c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
@@ -169,14 +169,14 @@ the revision as good or bad in the usual manner.
 Bisect skip
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Instead of choosing by yourself a nearby commit, you can ask git
+Instead of choosing by yourself a nearby commit, you can ask Git
 to do it for you by issuing the command:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect skip                 # Current version cannot be tested
 ------------
 
-But git may eventually be unable to tell the first bad commit among
+But Git may eventually be unable to tell the first bad commit among
 a bad commit and one or more skipped commits.
 
 You can even skip a range of commits, instead of just one commit,
diff --git a/Documentation/git-blame.txt b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
index e44173f..9a05c2b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-blame.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ The report does not tell you anything about lines which have been deleted or
 replaced; you need to use a tool such as 'git diff' or the "pickaxe"
 interface briefly mentioned in the following paragraph.
 
-Apart from supporting file annotation, git also supports searching the
+Apart from supporting file annotation, Git also supports searching the
 development history for when a code snippet occurred in a change. This makes it
 possible to track when a code snippet was added to a file, moved or copied
 between files, and eventually deleted or replaced. It works by searching for
diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
index 45a225e..b7cb625 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
@@ -22,13 +22,15 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-With no arguments, existing branches are listed and the current branch will
-be highlighted with an asterisk.  Option `-r` causes the remote-tracking
-branches to be listed, and option `-a` shows both. This list mode is also
-activated by the `--list` option (see below).
-<pattern> restricts the output to matching branches, the pattern is a shell
-wildcard (i.e., matched using fnmatch(3)).
-Multiple patterns may be given; if any of them matches, the branch is shown.
+If `--list` is given, or if there are no non-option arguments, existing
+branches are listed; the current branch will be highlighted with an
+asterisk.  Option `-r` causes the remote-tracking branches to be listed,
+and option `-a` shows both local and remote branches. If a `<pattern>`
+is given, it is used as a shell wildcard to restrict the output to
+matching branches. If multiple patterns are given, a branch is shown if
+it matches any of the patterns.  Note that when providing a
+`<pattern>`, you must use `--list`; otherwise the command is interpreted
+as branch creation.
 
 With `--contains`, shows only the branches that contain the named commit
 (in other words, the branches whose tip commits are descendants of the
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ Note that this will create the new branch, but it will not switch the
 working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the
 new branch.
 
-When a local branch is started off a remote-tracking branch, git sets up the
+When a local branch is started off a remote-tracking branch, Git sets up the
 branch so that 'git pull' will appropriately merge from
 the remote-tracking branch. This behavior may be changed via the global
 `branch.autosetupmerge` configuration flag. That setting can be
@@ -193,15 +195,15 @@ start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
 
 --contains [<commit>]::
 	Only list branches which contain the specified commit (HEAD
-	if not specified).
+	if not specified). Implies `--list`.
 
 --merged [<commit>]::
 	Only list branches whose tips are reachable from the
-	specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
+	specified commit (HEAD if not specified). Implies `--list`.
 
 --no-merged [<commit>]::
 	Only list branches whose tips are not reachable from the
-	specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
+	specified commit (HEAD if not specified). Implies `--list`.
 
 <branchname>::
 	The name of the branch to create or delete.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
index bc023cc..0417562 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
 
 Some workflows require that one or more branches of development on one
 machine be replicated on another machine, but the two machines cannot
-be directly connected, and therefore the interactive git protocols (git,
+be directly connected, and therefore the interactive Git protocols (git,
 ssh, rsync, http) cannot be used.  This command provides support for
 'git fetch' and 'git pull' to operate by packaging objects and references
 in an archive at the originating machine, then importing those into
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
index 2fb95bb..30d585a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ object type, or '-s' is used to find the object size, or '--textconv' is used
 (which implies type "blob").
 
 In the second form, a list of objects (separated by linefeeds) is provided on
-stdin, and the SHA1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout.
+stdin, and the SHA-1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	to apply the filter to the content recorded in the index at <path>.
 
 --batch::
-	Print the SHA1, type, size, and contents of each object provided on
+	Print the SHA-1, type, size, and contents of each object provided on
 	stdin. May not be combined with any other options or arguments.
 
 --batch-check::
-	Print the SHA1, type, and size of each object provided on stdin. May not
+	Print the SHA-1, type, and size of each object provided on stdin. May not
 	be combined with any other options or arguments.
 
 OUTPUT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..854e4d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+git-check-ignore(1)
+===================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-check-ignore - Debug gitignore / exclude files
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git check-ignore' [options] pathname...
+'git check-ignore' [options] --stdin < <list-of-paths>
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+For each pathname given via the command-line or from a file via
+`--stdin`, show the pattern from .gitignore (or other input files to
+the exclude mechanism) that decides if the pathname is excluded or
+included.  Later patterns within a file take precedence over earlier
+ones.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-q, --quiet::
+	Don't output anything, just set exit status.  This is only
+	valid with a single pathname.
+
+-v, --verbose::
+	Also output details about the matching pattern (if any)
+	for each given pathname.
+
+--stdin::
+	Read file names from stdin instead of from the command-line.
+
+-z::
+	The output format is modified to be machine-parseable (see
+	below).  If `--stdin` is also given, input paths are separated
+	with a NUL character instead of a linefeed character.
+
+OUTPUT
+------
+
+By default, any of the given pathnames which match an ignore pattern
+will be output, one per line.  If no pattern matches a given path,
+nothing will be output for that path; this means that path will not be
+ignored.
+
+If `--verbose` is specified, the output is a series of lines of the form:
+
+<source> <COLON> <linenum> <COLON> <pattern> <HT> <pathname>
+
+<pathname> is the path of a file being queried, <pattern> is the
+matching pattern, <source> is the pattern's source file, and <linenum>
+is the line number of the pattern within that source.  If the pattern
+contained a `!` prefix or `/` suffix, it will be preserved in the
+output.  <source> will be an absolute path when referring to the file
+configured by `core.excludesfile`, or relative to the repository root
+when referring to `.git/info/exclude` or a per-directory exclude file.
+
+If `-z` is specified, the pathnames in the output are delimited by the
+null character; if `--verbose` is also specified then null characters
+are also used instead of colons and hard tabs:
+
+<source> <NULL> <linenum> <NULL> <pattern> <NULL> <pathname> <NULL>
+
+
+EXIT STATUS
+-----------
+
+0::
+	One or more of the provided paths is ignored.
+
+1::
+	None of the provided paths are ignored.
+
+128::
+	A fatal error was encountered.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gitignore[5]
+linkgit:gitconfig[5]
+linkgit:git-ls-files[5]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
index 98009d1..a49be1b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Checks if a given 'refname' is acceptable, and exits with a non-zero
 status if it is not.
 
-A reference is used in git to specify branches and tags.  A
+A reference is used in Git to specify branches and tags.  A
 branch head is stored in the `refs/heads` hierarchy, while
 a tag is stored in the `refs/tags` hierarchy of the ref namespace
 (typically in `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads` and `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags`
 directories or, as entries in file `$GIT_DIR/packed-refs`
 if refs are packed by `git gc`).
 
-git imposes the following rules on how references are named:
+Git imposes the following rules on how references are named:
 
 . They can include slash `/` for hierarchical (directory)
   grouping, but no slash-separated component can begin with a
@@ -83,8 +83,7 @@ typed the branch name.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
---allow-onelevel::
---no-allow-onelevel::
+--[no-]allow-onelevel::
 	Controls whether one-level refnames are accepted (i.e.,
 	refnames that do not contain multiple `/`-separated
 	components).  The default is `--no-allow-onelevel`.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
index 6f04d22..23a9413 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
@@ -180,6 +180,12 @@ branch by running "git rm -rf ." from the top level of the working tree.
 Afterwards you will be ready to prepare your new files, repopulating the
 working tree, by copying them from elsewhere, extracting a tarball, etc.
 
+--ignore-skip-worktree-bits::
+	In sparse checkout mode, `git checkout -- <paths>` would
+	update only entries matched by <paths> and sparse patterns
+	in $GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout. This option ignores
+	the sparse patterns and adds back any files in <paths>.
+
 -m::
 --merge::
 	When switching branches,
@@ -333,7 +339,7 @@ a---b---c---d  branch 'master' (refers to commit 'd')
   tag 'v2.0' (refers to commit 'b')
 ------------
 
-In fact, we can perform all the normal git operations. But, let's look
+In fact, we can perform all the normal Git operations. But, let's look
 at what happens when we then checkout master:
 
 ------------
@@ -350,7 +356,7 @@ a---b---c---d  branch 'master' (refers to commit 'd')
 
 It is important to realize that at this point nothing refers to commit
 'f'. Eventually commit 'f' (and by extension commit 'e') will be deleted
-by the routine git garbage collection process, unless we create a reference
+by the routine Git garbage collection process, unless we create a reference
 before that happens. If we have not yet moved away from commit 'f',
 any of these will create a reference to it:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clean.txt b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
index 9f42c0d..bdc3ab8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clean.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Cleans the working tree by recursively removing files that are not
 under version control, starting from the current directory.
 
-Normally, only files unknown to git are removed, but if the '-x'
+Normally, only files unknown to Git are removed, but if the '-x'
 option is specified, ignored files are also removed. This can, for
 example, be useful to remove all build products.
 
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 -d::
 	Remove untracked directories in addition to untracked files.
-	If an untracked directory is managed by a different git
+	If an untracked directory is managed by a different Git
 	repository, it is not removed by default.  Use -f option twice
 	if you really want to remove such a directory.
 
 -f::
 --force::
-	If the git configuration variable clean.requireForce is not set
+	If the Git configuration variable clean.requireForce is not set
 	to false, 'git clean' will refuse to run unless given -f or -n.
 
 -n::
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	working directory to test a clean build.
 
 -X::
-	Remove only files ignored by git.  This may be useful to rebuild
+	Remove only files ignored by Git.  This may be useful to rebuild
 	everything from scratch, but keep manually created files.
 
 SEE ALSO
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
index 7fefdb0..a0727d7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	  [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
 	  [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
 	  [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch]
-	  [--recursive|--recurse-submodules] [--] <repository>
+	  [--recursive | --recurse-submodules] [--] <repository>
 	  [<directory>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --local::
 -l::
 	When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
-	this flag bypasses the normal "git aware" transport
+	this flag bypasses the normal "Git aware" transport
 	mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
 	HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories.
 	The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ this is the default, and --local is essentially a no-op.  If the
 repository is specified as a URL, then this flag is ignored (and we
 never use the local optimizations).  Specifying `--no-local` will
 override the default when `/path/to/repo` is given, using the regular
-git transport instead.
+Git transport instead.
 +
 To force copying instead of hardlinking (which may be desirable if you
 are trying to make a back-up of your repository), but still avoid the
-usual "git aware" transport mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
+usual "Git aware" transport mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
 
 --no-hardlinks::
 	Optimize the cloning process from a repository on a
@@ -76,9 +76,9 @@ usual "git aware" transport mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
 *NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
 it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
 repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
-other git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
+other Git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
 source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
-These objects may be removed by normal git operations (such as `git commit`)
+These objects may be removed by normal Git operations (such as `git commit`)
 which automatically call `git gc --auto`. (See linkgit:git-gc[1].)
 If these objects are removed and were referenced by the cloned repository,
 then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 	No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
 
 --bare::
-	Make a 'bare' GIT repository.  That is, instead of
+	Make a 'bare' Git repository.  That is, instead of
 	creating `<directory>` and placing the administrative
 	files in `<directory>/.git`, make the `<directory>`
 	itself the `$GIT_DIR`. This obviously implies the `-n`
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 	with a long history, and would want to send in fixes
 	as patches.
 
---single-branch::
+--[no-]single-branch::
 	Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
 	either specified by the `--branch` option or the primary
 	branch remote's `HEAD` points at. When creating a shallow
@@ -213,8 +213,8 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 --separate-git-dir=<git dir>::
 	Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
 	to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
-	then make a filesytem-agnostic git symbolic link to there.
-	The result is git repository can be separated from working
+	then make a filesytem-agnostic Git symbolic link to there.
+	The result is Git repository can be separated from working
 	tree.
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
index a221169..cafdc96 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git commit-tree' <tree> [(-p <parent>)...] < changelog
-'git commit-tree' [(-p <parent>)...] [(-m <message>)...] [(-F <file>)...] <tree>
+'git commit-tree' [(-p <parent>)...] [-S[<keyid>]] [(-m <message>)...]
+		  [(-F <file>)...] <tree>
+
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ While a tree represents a particular directory state of a working
 directory, a commit represents that state in "time", and explains how
 to get there.
 
-Normally a commit would identify a new "HEAD" state, and while git
+Normally a commit would identify a new "HEAD" state, and while Git
 doesn't care where you save the note about that state, in practice we
 tend to just write the result to the file that is pointed at by
 `.git/HEAD`, so that we can always see what the last committed
@@ -52,6 +54,9 @@ OPTIONS
 	Read the commit log message from the given file. Use `-` to read
 	from the standard input.
 
+-S[<keyid>]::
+	GPG-sign commit.
+
 
 Commit Information
 ------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
index 2105638..1a7616c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	   [--dry-run] [(-c | -C | --fixup | --squash) <commit>]
 	   [-F <file> | -m <msg>] [--reset-author] [--allow-empty]
 	   [--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
-	   [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--status | --no-status]
+	   [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--[no-]status]
 	   [-i | -o] [-S[<keyid>]] [--] [<file>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ The content to be added can be specified in several ways:
 3. by listing files as arguments to the 'commit' command, in which
    case the commit will ignore changes staged in the index, and instead
    record the current content of the listed files (which must already
-   be known to git);
+   be known to Git);
 
 4. by using the -a switch with the 'commit' command to automatically
    "add" changes from all known files (i.e. all files that are already
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --all::
 	Tell the command to automatically stage files that have
 	been modified and deleted, but new files you have not
-	told git about are not affected.
+	told Git about are not affected.
 
 -p::
 --patch::
@@ -174,20 +174,31 @@ OPTIONS
        linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
 
 --cleanup=<mode>::
-	This option sets how the commit message is cleaned up.
-	The  '<mode>' can be one of 'verbatim', 'whitespace', 'strip',
-	and 'default'. The 'default' mode will strip leading and
-	trailing empty lines and #commentary from the commit message
-	only if the message is to be edited. Otherwise only whitespace
-	removed. The 'verbatim' mode does not change message at all,
-	'whitespace' removes just leading/trailing whitespace lines
-	and 'strip' removes both whitespace and commentary.
+	This option determines how the supplied commit message should be
+	cleaned up before committing.  The '<mode>' can be `strip`,
+	`whitespace`, `verbatim`, or `default`.
++
+--
+strip::
+	Strip leading and trailing empty lines, trailing whitespace, and
+	#commentary and collapse consecutive empty lines.
+whitespace::
+	Same as `strip` except #commentary is not removed.
+verbatim::
+	Do not change the message at all.
+default::
+	Same as `strip` if the message is to be edited.
+	Otherwise `whitespace`.
+--
++
+The default can be changed by the 'commit.cleanup' configuration
+variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 -e::
 --edit::
 	The message taken from file with `-F`, command line with
-	`-m`, and from file with `-C` are usually used as the
-	commit log message unmodified.  This option lets you
+	`-m`, and from commit object with `-C` are usually used as
+	the commit log message unmodified. This option lets you
 	further edit the message taken from these sources.
 
 --no-edit::
@@ -196,14 +207,15 @@ OPTIONS
 	without changing its commit message.
 
 --amend::
-	Used to amend the tip of the current branch. Prepare the tree
-	object you would want to replace the latest commit as usual
-	(this includes the usual -i/-o and explicit paths), and the
-	commit log editor is seeded with the commit message from the
-	tip of the current branch. The commit you create replaces the
-	current tip -- if it was a merge, it will have the parents of
-	the current tip as parents -- so the current top commit is
-	discarded.
+	Replace the tip of the current branch by creating a new
+	commit. The recorded tree is prepared as usual (including
+	the effect of the `-i` and `-o` options and explicit
+	pathspec), and the message from the original commit is used
+	as the starting point, instead of an empty message, when no
+	other message is specified from the command line via options
+	such as `-m`, `-F`, `-c`, etc.  The new commit has the same
+	parents and author as the current one (the `--reset-author`
+	option can countermand this).
 +
 --
 It is a rough equivalent for:
@@ -404,7 +416,7 @@ Though not required, it's a good idea to begin the commit message
 with a single short (less than 50 character) line summarizing the
 change, followed by a blank line and then a more thorough description.
 The text up to the first blank line in a commit message is treated
-as the commit title, and that title is used throughout git.
+as the commit title, and that title is used throughout Git.
 For example, linkgit:git-format-patch[1] turns a commit into email, and it uses
 the title on the Subject line and the rest of the commit in the body.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt
index 9ae2508..d88a6fc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
 	Opens an editor to modify the specified config file; either
 	'--system', '--global', or repository (default).
 
---includes::
---no-includes::
+--[no-]includes::
 	Respect `include.*` directives in config files when looking up
 	values. Defaults to on.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
index 23c80ce..b300e84 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-count-objects - Count unpacked number of objects and their disk consumption
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git count-objects' [-v]
+'git count-objects' [-v] [-H | --human-readable]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -20,11 +20,29 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 -v::
 --verbose::
-	In addition to the number of loose objects and disk
-	space consumed, it reports the number of in-pack
-	objects, number of packs, disk space consumed by those packs,
-	and number of objects that can be removed by running
-	`git prune-packed`.
+	Report in more detail:
++
+count: the number of loose objects
++
+size: disk space consumed by loose objects, in KiB (unless -H is specified)
++
+in-pack: the number of in-pack objects
++
+size-pack: disk space consumed by the packs, in KiB (unless -H is specified)
++
+prune-packable: the number of loose objects that are also present in
+the packs. These objects could be pruned using `git prune-packed`.
++
+garbage: the number of files in object database that are not valid
+loose objects nor valid packs
++
+size-garbage: disk space consumed by garbage files, in KiB (unless -H is
+specified)
+
+-H::
+--human-readable::
+
+Print sizes in human readable format
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt b/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt
index eeff5fa..89b7306 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt
@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ git config credential.helper 'cache [options]'
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This command caches credentials in memory for use by future git
+This command caches credentials in memory for use by future Git
 programs. The stored credentials never touch the disk, and are forgotten
 after a configurable timeout.  The cache is accessible over a Unix
 domain socket, restricted to the current user by filesystem permissions.
 
 You probably don't want to invoke this command directly; it is meant to
-be used as a credential helper by other parts of git. See
+be used as a credential helper by other parts of Git. See
 linkgit:gitcredentials[7] or `EXAMPLES` below.
 
 OPTIONS
diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt b/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
index b27c03c..8481cae 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ security tradeoff, try linkgit:git-credential-cache[1], or find a helper
 that integrates with secure storage provided by your operating system.
 
 This command stores credentials indefinitely on disk for use by future
-git programs.
+Git programs.
 
 You probably don't want to invoke this command directly; it is meant to
 be used as a credential helper by other parts of git. See
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ stored on its own line as a URL like:
 https://user:pass@example.com
 ------------------------------
 
-When git needs authentication for a particular URL context,
+When Git needs authentication for a particular URL context,
 credential-store will consider that context a pattern to match against
 each entry in the credentials file.  If the protocol, hostname, and
 username (if we already have one) match, then the password is returned
-to git. See the discussion of configuration in linkgit:gitcredentials[7]
+to Git. See the discussion of configuration in linkgit:gitcredentials[7]
 for more information.
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential.txt b/Documentation/git-credential.txt
index 810e957..7da0f13 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-credential.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-credential.txt
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ Git has an internal interface for storing and retrieving credentials
 from system-specific helpers, as well as prompting the user for
 usernames and passwords. The git-credential command exposes this
 interface to scripts which may want to retrieve, store, or prompt for
-credentials in the same manner as git. The design of this scriptable
+credentials in the same manner as Git. The design of this scriptable
 interface models the internal C API; see
-link:technical/api-credentials.txt[the git credential API] for more
+link:technical/api-credentials.txt[the Git credential API] for more
 background on the concepts.
 
 git-credential takes an "action" option on the command-line (one of
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ For example, if we want a password for
 `https://example.com/foo.git`, we might generate the following
 credential description (don't forget the blank line at the end; it
 tells `git credential` that the application finished feeding all the
-infomation it has):
+information it has):
 
 	 protocol=https
 	 host=example.com
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ infomation it has):
 	password=secr3t
 +
 In most cases, this means the attributes given in the input will be
-repeated in the output, but git may also modify the credential
+repeated in the output, but Git may also modify the credential
 description, for example by removing the `path` attribute when the
 protocol is HTTP(s) and `credential.useHttpPath` is false.
 +
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
index 7f79cec..00154b6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Exports a commit from GIT to a CVS checkout, making it easier
-to merge patches from a git repository into a CVS repository.
+Exports a commit from Git to a CVS checkout, making it easier
+to merge patches from a Git repository into a CVS repository.
 
 Specify the name of a CVS checkout using the -w switch or execute it
 from the root of the CVS working copy. In the latter case GIT_DIR must
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -w::
 	Specify the location of the CVS checkout to use for the export. This
 	option does not require GIT_DIR to be set before execution if the
-	current directory is within a git repository.  The default is the
+	current directory is within a Git repository.  The default is the
 	value of 'cvsexportcommit.cvsdir'.
 
 -W::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
index f059ea9..d1bcda2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ performing a one-shot import of a CVS repository consider using
 link:http://cvs2svn.tigris.org/cvs2git.html[cvs2git] or
 link:https://github.com/BartMassey/parsecvs[parsecvs].
 
-Imports a CVS repository into git. It will either create a new
+Imports a CVS repository into Git. It will either create a new
 repository, or incrementally import into an existing one.
 
 Splitting the CVS log into patch sets is done by 'cvsps'.
@@ -65,18 +65,18 @@ OPTIONS
 	`CVS/Repository`.
 
 -C <target-dir>::
-        The git repository to import to.  If the directory doesn't
+	The Git repository to import to.  If the directory doesn't
         exist, it will be created.  Default is the current directory.
 
 -r <remote>::
-	The git remote to import this CVS repository into.
+	The Git remote to import this CVS repository into.
 	Moves all CVS branches into remotes/<remote>/<branch>
 	akin to the way 'git clone' uses 'origin' by default.
 
 -o <branch-for-HEAD>::
 	When no remote is specified (via -r) the 'HEAD' branch
-	from CVS is imported to the 'origin' branch within the git
-	repository, as 'HEAD' already has a special meaning for git.
+	from CVS is imported to the 'origin' branch within the Git
+	repository, as 'HEAD' already has a special meaning for Git.
 	When a remote is specified the 'HEAD' branch is named
 	remotes/<remote>/master mirroring 'git clone' behaviour.
 	Use this option if you want to import into a different
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
index 88d814a..472f5cb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-cvsserver(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-cvsserver - A CVS server emulator for git
+git-cvsserver - A CVS server emulator for Git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ unless '--export-all' was given, too.
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This application is a CVS emulation layer for git.
+This application is a CVS emulation layer for Git.
 
 It is highly functional. However, not all methods are implemented,
 and for those methods that are implemented,
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ plugin. Most functionality works fine with both of these clients.
 LIMITATIONS
 -----------
 
-CVS clients cannot tag, branch or perform GIT merges.
+CVS clients cannot tag, branch or perform Git merges.
 
-'git-cvsserver' maps GIT branches to CVS modules. This is very different
+'git-cvsserver' maps Git branches to CVS modules. This is very different
 from what most CVS users would expect since in CVS modules usually represent
 one or more directories.
 
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ Then provide your password via the pserver method, for example:
 ------
    cvs -d:pserver:someuser:somepassword <at> server/path/repo.git co <HEAD_name>
 ------
-No special setup is needed for SSH access, other than having GIT tools
+No special setup is needed for SSH access, other than having Git tools
 in the PATH. If you have clients that do not accept the CVS_SERVER
 environment variable, you can rename 'git-cvsserver' to `cvs`.
 
@@ -160,9 +160,9 @@ with CVS_SERVER (and shouldn't) as 'git-shell' understands `cvs` to mean
 Note: you need to ensure each user that is going to invoke 'git-cvsserver' has
 write access to the log file and to the database (see
 <<dbbackend,Database Backend>>. If you want to offer write access over
-SSH, the users of course also need write access to the git repository itself.
+SSH, the users of course also need write access to the Git repository itself.
 
-You also need to ensure that each repository is "bare" (without a git index
+You also need to ensure that each repository is "bare" (without a Git index
 file) for `cvs commit` to work. See linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
 
 [[configaccessmethod]]
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ allowing access over SSH.
 3. If you didn't specify the CVSROOT/CVS_SERVER directly in the checkout command,
    automatically saving it in your 'CVS/Root' files, then you need to set them
    explicitly in your environment.  CVSROOT should be set as per normal, but the
-   directory should point at the appropriate git repo.  As above, for SSH clients
+   directory should point at the appropriate Git repo.  As above, for SSH clients
    _not_ restricted to 'git-shell', CVS_SERVER should be set to 'git-cvsserver'.
 +
 --
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ allowing access over SSH.
    shell is bash, .bashrc may be a reasonable alternative.
 
 5. Clients should now be able to check out the project. Use the CVS 'module'
-   name to indicate what GIT 'head' you want to check out.  This also sets the
+   name to indicate what Git 'head' you want to check out.  This also sets the
    name of your newly checked-out directory, unless you tell it otherwise with
    `-d <dir_name>`.  For example, this checks out 'master' branch to the
    `project-master` directory:
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ allowing access over SSH.
 Database Backend
 ----------------
 
-'git-cvsserver' uses one database per git head (i.e. CVS module) to
+'git-cvsserver' uses one database per Git head (i.e. CVS module) to
 store information about the repository to maintain consistent
 CVS revision numbers. The database needs to be
 updated (i.e. written to) after every commit.
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ the pserver method), 'git-cvsserver' should have write access to
 the database to work reliably (otherwise you need to make sure
 that the database is up-to-date any time 'git-cvsserver' is executed).
 
-By default it uses SQLite databases in the git directory, named
+By default it uses SQLite databases in the Git directory, named
 `gitcvs.<module_name>.sqlite`. Note that the SQLite backend creates
 temporary files in the same directory as the database file on
 write so it might not be enough to grant the users using
@@ -291,14 +291,14 @@ Variable substitution
 In `dbdriver` and `dbuser` you can use the following variables:
 
 %G::
-	git directory name
+	Git directory name
 %g::
-	git directory name, where all characters except for
+	Git directory name, where all characters except for
 	alpha-numeric ones, `.`, and `-` are replaced with
 	`_` (this should make it easier to use the directory
 	name in a filename if wanted)
 %m::
-	CVS module/git head name
+	CVS module/Git head name
 %a::
 	access method (one of "ext" or "pserver")
 %u::
@@ -359,6 +359,43 @@ Operations supported
 
 All the operations required for normal use are supported, including
 checkout, diff, status, update, log, add, remove, commit.
+
+Most CVS command arguments that read CVS tags or revision numbers
+(typically -r) work, and also support any git refspec
+(tag, branch, commit ID, etc).
+However, CVS revision numbers for non-default branches are not well
+emulated, and cvs log does not show tags or branches at
+all.  (Non-main-branch CVS revision numbers superficially resemble CVS
+revision numbers, but they actually encode a git commit ID directly,
+rather than represent the number of revisions since the branch point.)
+
+Note that there are two ways to checkout a particular branch.
+As described elsewhere on this page, the "module" parameter
+of cvs checkout is interpreted as a branch name, and it becomes
+the main branch.  It remains the main branch for a given sandbox
+even if you temporarily make another branch sticky with
+cvs update -r.  Alternatively, the -r argument can indicate
+some other branch to actually checkout, even though the module
+is still the "main" branch.  Tradeoffs (as currently
+implemented): Each new "module" creates a new database on disk with
+a history for the given module, and after the database is created,
+operations against that main branch are fast.  Or alternatively,
+-r doesn't take any extra disk space, but may be significantly slower for
+many operations, like cvs update.
+
+If you want to refer to a git refspec that has characters that are
+not allowed by CVS, you have two options.  First, it may just work
+to supply the git refspec directly to the appropriate CVS -r argument;
+some CVS clients don't seem to do much sanity checking of the argument.
+Second, if that fails, you can use a special character escape mechanism
+that only uses characters that are valid in CVS tags.  A sequence
+of 4 or 5 characters of the form (underscore (`"_"`), dash (`"-"`),
+one or two characters, and dash (`"-"`)) can encode various characters based
+on the one or two letters: `"s"` for slash (`"/"`), `"p"` for
+period (`"."`), `"u"` for underscore (`"_"`), or two hexadecimal digits
+for any byte value at all (typically an ASCII number, or perhaps a part
+of a UTF-8 encoded character).
+
 Legacy monitoring operations are not supported (edit, watch and related).
 Exports and tagging (tags and branches) are not supported at this stage.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
index 7e5098a..223f731 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-daemon(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-daemon - A really simple server for git repositories
+git-daemon - A really simple server for Git repositories
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -16,18 +16,20 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	     [--reuseaddr] [--detach] [--pid-file=<file>]
 	     [--enable=<service>] [--disable=<service>]
 	     [--allow-override=<service>] [--forbid-override=<service>]
-	     [--access-hook=<path>]
-	     [--inetd | [--listen=<host_or_ipaddr>] [--port=<n>] [--user=<user> [--group=<group>]]
+	     [--access-hook=<path>] [--[no-]informative-errors]
+	     [--inetd |
+	      [--listen=<host_or_ipaddr>] [--port=<n>]
+	      [--user=<user> [--group=<group>]]]
 	     [<directory>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-A really simple TCP git daemon that normally listens on port "DEFAULT_GIT_PORT"
+A really simple TCP Git daemon that normally listens on port "DEFAULT_GIT_PORT"
 aka 9418.  It waits for a connection asking for a service, and will serve
 that service if it is enabled.
 
 It verifies that the directory has the magic file "git-daemon-export-ok", and
-it will refuse to export any git directory that hasn't explicitly been marked
+it will refuse to export any Git directory that hasn't explicitly been marked
 for export this way (unless the '--export-all' parameter is specified). If you
 pass some directory paths as 'git daemon' arguments, you can further restrict
 the offers to a whitelist comprising of those.
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ By default, only `upload-pack` service is enabled, which serves
 from 'git fetch', 'git pull', and 'git clone'.
 
 This is ideally suited for read-only updates, i.e., pulling from
-git repositories.
+Git repositories.
 
 An `upload-archive` also exists to serve 'git archive'.
 
@@ -51,7 +53,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --base-path=<path>::
 	Remap all the path requests as relative to the given path.
-	This is sort of "GIT root" - if you run 'git daemon' with
+	This is sort of "Git root" - if you run 'git daemon' with
 	'--base-path=/srv/git' on example.com, then if you later try to pull
 	'git://example.com/hello.git', 'git daemon' will interpret the path
 	as '/srv/git/hello.git'.
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	whitelist.
 
 --export-all::
-	Allow pulling from all directories that look like GIT repositories
+	Allow pulling from all directories that look like Git repositories
 	(have the 'objects' and 'refs' subdirectories), even if they
 	do not have the 'git-daemon-export-ok' file.
 
@@ -147,6 +149,13 @@ OPTIONS
 Giving these options is an error when used with `--inetd`; use
 the facility of inet daemon to achieve the same before spawning
 'git daemon' if needed.
++
+Like many programs that switch user id, the daemon does not reset
+environment variables such as `$HOME` when it runs git programs,
+e.g. `upload-pack` and `receive-pack`. When using this option, you
+may also want to set and export `HOME` to point at the home
+directory of `<user>` before starting the daemon, and make sure any
+Git configuration files in that directory are readable by `<user>`.
 
 --enable=<service>::
 --disable=<service>::
@@ -162,8 +171,7 @@ the facility of inet daemon to achieve the same before spawning
 	repository configuration.  By default, all the services
 	are overridable.
 
---informative-errors::
---no-informative-errors::
+--[no-]informative-errors::
 	When informative errors are turned on, git-daemon will report
 	more verbose errors to the client, differentiating conditions
 	like "no such repository" from "repository not exported". This
diff --git a/Documentation/git-describe.txt b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
index 711040d..28e5ec0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-describe.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ closest tagname without any suffix:
 
 Note that the suffix you get if you type these commands today may be
 longer than what Linus saw above when he ran these commands, as your
-git repository may have new commits whose object names begin with
+Git repository may have new commits whose object names begin with
 975b that did not exist back then, and "-g975b" suffix alone may not
 be sufficient to disambiguate these commits.
 
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ is found, its name will be output and searching will stop.
 If an exact match was not found, 'git describe' will walk back
 through the commit history to locate an ancestor commit which
 has been tagged.  The ancestor's tag will be output along with an
-abbreviation of the input committish's SHA1.
+abbreviation of the input committish's SHA-1.
 
 If multiple tags were found during the walk then the tag which
 has the fewest commits different from the input committish will be
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff.txt b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
index f8c0601..a7b4620 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ between two files on disk.
 
 	This form is to view the changes you made relative to
 	the index (staging area for the next commit).  In other
-	words, the differences are what you _could_ tell git to
+	words, the differences are what you _could_ tell Git to
 	further add to the index but you still haven't.  You can
 	stage these changes by using linkgit:git-add[1].
 +
diff --git a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
index 73ca702..11887e6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-'git difftool' is a git command that allows you to compare and edit files
+'git difftool' is a Git command that allows you to compare and edit files
 between revisions using common diff tools.  'git difftool' is a frontend
 to 'git diff' and accepts the same options and arguments. See
 linkgit:git-diff[1].
@@ -69,13 +69,14 @@ with custom merge tool commands and has the same value as `$MERGED`.
 --tool-help::
 	Print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`.
 
---symlinks::
---no-symlinks::
+--[no-]symlinks::
 	'git difftool''s default behavior is create symlinks to the
-	working tree when run in `--dir-diff` mode.
+	working tree when run in `--dir-diff` mode and the right-hand
+	side of the comparison yields the same content as the file in
+	the working tree.
 +
-	Specifying `--no-symlinks` instructs 'git difftool' to create
-	copies instead.  `--no-symlinks` is the default on Windows.
+Specifying `--no-symlinks` instructs 'git difftool' to create copies
+instead.  `--no-symlinks` is the default on Windows.
 
 -x <command>::
 --extcmd=<command>::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
index d6487e1..efb0380 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
@@ -27,15 +27,17 @@ OPTIONS
 	Insert 'progress' statements every <n> objects, to be shown by
 	'git fast-import' during import.
 
---signed-tags=(verbatim|warn|strip|abort)::
+--signed-tags=(verbatim|warn|warn-strip|strip|abort)::
 	Specify how to handle signed tags.  Since any transformation
 	after the export can change the tag names (which can also happen
 	when excluding revisions) the signatures will not match.
 +
 When asking to 'abort' (which is the default), this program will die
-when encountering a signed tag.  With 'strip', the tags will be made
-unsigned, with 'verbatim', they will be silently exported
-and with 'warn', they will be exported, but you will see a warning.
+when encountering a signed tag.  With 'strip', the tags will silently
+be made unsigned, with 'warn-strip' they will be made unsigned but a
+warning will be displayed, with 'verbatim', they will be silently
+exported and with 'warn', they will be exported, but you will see a
+warning.
 
 --tag-of-filtered-object=(abort|drop|rewrite)::
 	Specify how to handle tags whose tagged object is filtered out.
@@ -66,6 +68,8 @@ produced incorrect results if you gave these options.
 	incremental runs.  As <file> is only opened and truncated
 	at completion, the same path can also be safely given to
 	\--import-marks.
+	The file will not be written if no new object has been
+	marked/exported.
 
 --import-marks=<file>::
 	Before processing any input, load the marks specified in
@@ -102,11 +106,11 @@ marks the same across runs.
 	different from the commit's first parent).
 
 [<git-rev-list-args>...]::
-       A list of arguments, acceptable to 'git rev-parse' and
-       'git rev-list', that specifies the specific objects and references
-       to export.  For example, `master~10..master` causes the
-       current master reference to be exported along with all objects
-       added since its 10th ancestor commit.
+	A list of arguments, acceptable to 'git rev-parse' and
+	'git rev-list', that specifies the specific objects and references
+	to export.  For example, `master~10..master` causes the
+	current master reference to be exported along with all objects
+	added since its 10th ancestor commit.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
index 8c75120..1e71754 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git fetch-pack' [--all] [--quiet|-q] [--keep|-k] [--thin] [--include-tag]
-				[--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>]
-				[--depth=<n>] [--no-progress]
-				[-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]
+	[--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>]
+	[--depth=<n>] [--no-progress]
+	[-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -84,6 +84,8 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
 
 --depth=<n>::
 	Limit fetching to ancestor-chains not longer than n.
+	'git-upload-pack' treats the special depth 2147483647 as
+	infinite even if there is an ancestor-chain that long.
 
 --no-progress::
 	Do not show the progress.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
index b41d7c1..e08a028 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked
 out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the
 just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself can not be
 fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without
-having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future git
+having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future Git
 version.
 
 SEE ALSO
diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
index 69a40b2..e4c8e82 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Lets you rewrite git revision history by rewriting the branches mentioned
+Lets you rewrite Git revision history by rewriting the branches mentioned
 in the <rev-list options>, applying custom filters on each revision.
 Those filters can modify each tree (e.g. removing a file or running
 a perl rewrite on all files) or information about each commit.
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ The command will only rewrite the _positive_ refs mentioned in the
 command line (e.g. if you pass 'a..b', only 'b' will be rewritten).
 If you specify no filters, the commits will be recommitted without any
 changes, which would normally have no effect.  Nevertheless, this may be
-useful in the future for compensating for some git bugs or such,
+useful in the future for compensating for some Git bugs or such,
 therefore such a usage is permitted.
 
 *NOTE*: This command honors `.git/info/grafts` file and refs in
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ git-filter-branch is often used to get rid of a subset of files,
 usually with some combination of `--index-filter` and
 `--subdirectory-filter`.  People expect the resulting repository to
 be smaller than the original, but you need a few more steps to
-actually make it smaller, because git tries hard not to lose your
+actually make it smaller, because Git tries hard not to lose your
 objects until you tell it to.  First make sure that:
 
 * You really removed all variants of a filename, if a blob was moved
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
index 3a0f55e..bb1232a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	Do not list one-line descriptions from the actual commits being
 	merged.
 
---summary::
---no-summary::
+--[no-]summary::
 	Synonyms to --log and --no-log; these are deprecated and will be
 	removed in the future.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
index 259dce4..3911877 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ SYNOPSIS
 		   [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
 		   [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
 		   [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
-		   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
+		   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix] [(--reroll-count|-v) <n>]
 		   [--to=<email>] [--cc=<email>]
-		   [--cover-letter] [--quiet] [--notes[=<ref>]]
+		   [--[no-]cover-letter] [--quiet] [--notes[=<ref>]]
 		   [<common diff options>]
 		   [ <since> | <revision range> ]
 
@@ -166,6 +166,15 @@ will want to ensure that threading is disabled for `git send-email`.
 	allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
 	combined with the `--numbered` option.
 
+-v <n>::
+--reroll-count=<n>::
+	Mark the series as the <n>-th iteration of the topic. The
+	output filenames have `v<n>` pretended to them, and the
+	subject prefix ("PATCH" by default, but configurable via the
+	`--subject-prefix` option) has ` v<n>` appended to it.  E.g.
+	`--reroll-count=4` may produce `v4-0001-add-makefile.patch`
+	file that has "Subject: [PATCH v4 1/20] Add makefile" in it.
+
 --to=<email>::
 	Add a `To:` header to the email headers. This is in addition
 	to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times.
@@ -186,7 +195,7 @@ will want to ensure that threading is disabled for `git send-email`.
 	`Cc:`, and custom) headers added so far from config or command
 	line.
 
---cover-letter::
+--[no-]cover-letter::
 	In addition to the patches, generate a cover letter file
 	containing the shortlog and the overall diffstat.  You can
 	fill in a description in the file before sending it out.
@@ -199,14 +208,14 @@ The expected use case of this is to write supporting explanation for
 the commit that does not belong to the commit log message proper,
 and include it with the patch submission. While one can simply write
 these explanations after `format-patch` has run but before sending,
-keeping them as git notes allows them to be maintained between versions
+keeping them as Git notes allows them to be maintained between versions
 of the patch series (but see the discussion of the `notes.rewrite`
 configuration options in linkgit:git-notes[1] to use this workflow).
 
 --[no]-signature=<signature>::
 	Add a signature to each message produced. Per RFC 3676 the signature
 	is separated from the body by a line with '-- ' on it. If the
-	signature option is omitted the signature defaults to the git version
+	signature option is omitted the signature defaults to the Git version
 	number.
 
 --suffix=.<sfx>::
@@ -251,6 +260,7 @@ attachments, and sign off patches with configuration variables.
 	cc = <email>
 	attach [ = mime-boundary-string ]
 	signoff = true
+	coverletter = auto
 ------------
 
 
@@ -380,7 +390,7 @@ Thunderbird
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 By default, Thunderbird will both wrap emails as well as flag
 them as being 'format=flowed', both of which will make the
-resulting email unusable by git.
+resulting email unusable by Git.
 
 There are three different approaches: use an add-on to turn off line wraps,
 configure Thunderbird to not mangle patches, or use
@@ -516,8 +526,8 @@ $ git format-patch -M -B origin
 Additionally, it detects and handles renames and complete rewrites
 intelligently to produce a renaming patch.  A renaming patch reduces
 the amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to review.
-Note that non-git "patch" programs won't understand renaming patches, so
-use it only when you know the recipient uses git to apply your patch.
+Note that non-Git "patch" programs won't understand renaming patches, so
+use it only when you know the recipient uses Git to apply your patch.
 
 * Extract three topmost commits from the current branch and format them
 as e-mailable patches:
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
index da348fc..25c431d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
@@ -23,15 +23,14 @@ OPTIONS
 	An object to treat as the head of an unreachability trace.
 +
 If no objects are given, 'git fsck' defaults to using the
-index file, all SHA1 references in `refs` namespace, and all reflogs
+index file, all SHA-1 references in `refs` namespace, and all reflogs
 (unless --no-reflogs is given) as heads.
 
 --unreachable::
 	Print out objects that exist but that aren't reachable from any
 	of the reference nodes.
 
---dangling::
---no-dangling::
+--[no-]dangling::
 	Print objects that exist but that are never 'directly' used (default).
 	`--no-dangling` can be used to omit this information from the output.
 
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ index file, all SHA1 references in `refs` namespace, and all reflogs
 	($GIT_DIR/objects), but also the ones found in alternate
 	object pools listed in GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES
 	or $GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates,
-	and in packed git archives found in $GIT_DIR/objects/pack
+	and in packed Git archives found in $GIT_DIR/objects/pack
 	and corresponding pack subdirectories in alternate
 	object pools.  This is now default; you can turn it off
 	with --no-full.
@@ -64,8 +63,8 @@ index file, all SHA1 references in `refs` namespace, and all reflogs
 --strict::
 	Enable more strict checking, namely to catch a file mode
 	recorded with g+w bit set, which was created by older
-	versions of git.  Existing repositories, including the
-	Linux kernel, git itself, and sparse repository have old
+	versions of Git.  Existing repositories, including the
+	Linux kernel, Git itself, and sparse repository have old
 	objects that triggers this check, but it is recommended
 	to check new projects with this flag.
 
@@ -78,8 +77,7 @@ index file, all SHA1 references in `refs` namespace, and all reflogs
 	a blob, the contents are written into the file, rather than
 	its object name.
 
---progress::
---no-progress::
+--[no-]progress::
 	Progress status is reported on the standard error stream by
 	default when it is attached to a terminal, unless
 	--no-progress or --verbose is specified. --progress forces
@@ -89,7 +87,7 @@ index file, all SHA1 references in `refs` namespace, and all reflogs
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
 
-git-fsck tests SHA1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking
+git-fsck tests SHA-1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking
 of the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
 corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
 '--unreachable' flag it will also print out objects that exist but that
diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
index cfecf84..8497aa4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	   [-W | --function-context]
 	   [-f <file>] [-e] <pattern>
 	   [--and|--or|--not|(|)|-e <pattern>...]
-	   [ [--exclude-standard] [--cached | --no-index | --untracked] | <tree>...]
+	   [ [--[no-]exclude-standard] [--cached | --no-index | --untracked] | <tree>...]
 	   [--] [<pathspec>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	blobs registered in the index file.
 
 --no-index::
-	Search files in the current directory that is not managed by git.
+	Search files in the current directory that is not managed by Git.
 
 --untracked::
 	In addition to searching in the tracked files in the working
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gui.txt b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
index 0041994..8144527 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gui.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gui.txt
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ Examples
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:gitk[1]::
-	The git repository browser.  Shows branches, commit history
+	The Git repository browser.  Shows branches, commit history
 	and file differences.  gitk is the utility started by
 	'git gui''s Repository Visualize actions.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt b/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
index 4b0a502..02c1f12 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-hash-object.txt
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --path::
 	Hash object as it were located at the given path. The location of
 	file does not directly influence on the hash value, but path is
-	used to determine what git filters should be applied to the object
+	used to determine what Git filters should be applied to the object
 	before it can be placed to the object database, and, as result of
 	applying filters, the actual blob put into the object database may
 	differ from the given file. This option is mainly useful for hashing
diff --git a/Documentation/git-help.txt b/Documentation/git-help.txt
index 9e0b3f6..b21e9d7 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-help.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-help.txt
@@ -3,36 +3,50 @@ git-help(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-help - display help information about git
+git-help - Display help information about Git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git help' [-a|--all|-i|--info|-m|--man|-w|--web] [COMMAND]
+'git help' [-a|--all] [-g|--guide]
+	   [-i|--info|-m|--man|-w|--web] [COMMAND|GUIDE]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-With no options and no COMMAND given, the synopsis of the 'git'
-command and a list of the most commonly used git commands are printed
+With no options and no COMMAND or GUIDE given, the synopsis of the 'git'
+command and a list of the most commonly used Git commands are printed
 on the standard output.
 
-If the option '--all' or '-a' is given, then all available commands are
+If the option '--all' or '-a' is given, all available commands are
 printed on the standard output.
 
-If a git command is named, a manual page for that command is brought
-up. The 'man' program is used by default for this purpose, but this
-can be overridden by other options or configuration variables.
+If the option '--guide' or '-g' is given, a list of the useful
+Git guides is also printed on the standard output.
+
+If a command, or a guide, is given, a manual page for that command or
+guide is brought up. The 'man' program is used by default for this
+purpose, but this can be overridden by other options or configuration
+variables.
 
 Note that `git --help ...` is identical to `git help ...` because the
 former is internally converted into the latter.
 
+To display the linkgit:git[1] man page, use `git help git`.
+
+This page can be displayed with 'git help help' or `git help --help`
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -a::
 --all::
 	Prints all the available commands on the standard output. This
-	option supersedes any other option.
+	option overrides any given command or guide name.
+
+-g::
+--guides::
+	Prints a list of useful guides on the standard output. This
+	option overrides any given command or guide name.
 
 -i::
 --info::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt b/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
index f4e0741..e3bcdb5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ and the backwards-compatible dumb HTTP protocol, as well as clients
 pushing using the smart HTTP protocol.
 
 It verifies that the directory has the magic file
-"git-daemon-export-ok", and it will refuse to export any git directory
+"git-daemon-export-ok", and it will refuse to export any Git directory
 that hasn't explicitly been marked for export this way (unless the
 GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL environmental variable is set).
 
@@ -80,7 +80,30 @@ ScriptAlias /git/ /usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 +
 To enable anonymous read access but authenticated write access,
-require authorization with a LocationMatch directive:
+require authorization for both the initial ref advertisement (which we
+detect as a push via the service parameter in the query string), and the
+receive-pack invocation itself:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} service=git-receive-pack [OR]
+RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} /git-receive-pack$
+RewriteRule ^/git/ - [E=AUTHREQUIRED:yes]
+
+<LocationMatch "^/git/">
+	Order Deny,Allow
+	Deny from env=AUTHREQUIRED
+
+	AuthType Basic
+	AuthName "Git Access"
+	Require group committers
+	Satisfy Any
+	...
+</LocationMatch>
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+If you do not have `mod_rewrite` available to match against the query
+string, it is sufficient to just protect `git-receive-pack` itself,
+like:
 +
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 <LocationMatch "^/git/.*/git-receive-pack$">
@@ -91,6 +114,15 @@ require authorization with a LocationMatch directive:
 </LocationMatch>
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 +
+In this mode, the server will not request authentication until the
+client actually starts the object negotiation phase of the push, rather
+than during the initial contact.  For this reason, you must also enable
+the `http.receivepack` config option in any repositories that should
+accept a push. The default behavior, if `http.receivepack` is not set,
+is to reject any pushes by unauthenticated users; the initial request
+will therefore report `403 Forbidden` to the client, without even giving
+an opportunity for authentication.
++
 To require authentication for both reads and writes, use a Location
 directive around the repository, or one of its parent directories:
 +
@@ -158,6 +190,54 @@ ScriptAliasMatch \
 ScriptAlias /git/ /var/www/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
+Lighttpd::
+	Ensure that `mod_cgi`, `mod_alias, `mod_auth`, `mod_setenv` are
+	loaded, then set `GIT_PROJECT_ROOT` appropriately and redirect
+	all requests to the CGI:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+alias.url += ( "/git" => "/usr/lib/git-core/git-http-backend" )
+$HTTP["url"] =~ "^/git" {
+	cgi.assign = ("" => "")
+	setenv.add-environment = (
+		"GIT_PROJECT_ROOT" => "/var/www/git",
+		"GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL" => ""
+	)
+}
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+To enable anonymous read access but authenticated write access:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+$HTTP["querystring"] =~ "service=git-receive-pack" {
+	include "git-auth.conf"
+}
+$HTTP["url"] =~ "^/git/.*/git-receive-pack$" {
+	include "git-auth.conf"
+}
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+where `git-auth.conf` looks something like:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+auth.require = (
+	"/" => (
+		"method" => "basic",
+		"realm" => "Git Access",
+		"require" => "valid-user"
+	       )
+)
+# ...and set up auth.backend here
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+To require authentication for both reads and writes:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+$HTTP["url"] =~ "^/git/private" {
+	include "git-auth.conf"
+}
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
 
 ENVIRONMENT
 -----------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
index 070cd1e..21a33d2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-fetch.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-http-fetch(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-http-fetch - Download from a remote git repository via HTTP
+git-http-fetch - Download from a remote Git repository via HTTP
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Downloads a remote git repository via HTTP.
+Downloads a remote Git repository via HTTP.
 
 *NOTE*: use of this command without -a is deprecated.  The -a
 behaviour will become the default in a future release.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
index 39e6d0d..bde8eec 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Reads a packed archive (.pack) from the specified file, and
 builds a pack index file (.idx) for it.  The packed archive
 together with the pack index can then be placed in the
-objects/pack/ directory of a git repository.
+objects/pack/ directory of a Git repository.
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	When this flag is provided, the pack is read from stdin
 	instead and a copy is then written to <pack-file>. If
 	<pack-file> is not specified, the pack is written to
-	objects/pack/ directory of the current git repository with
+	objects/pack/ directory of the current Git repository with
 	a default name determined from the pack content.  If
 	<pack-file> is not specified consider using --keep to
 	prevent a race condition between this process and
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor
 	machines. The required amount of memory for the delta search
 	window is however multiplied by the number of threads.
-	Specifying 0 will cause git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
+	Specifying 0 will cause Git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
 	and use maximum 3 threads.
 
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Note
 ----
 
 Once the index has been created, the list of object names is sorted
-and the SHA1 hash of that list is printed to stdout. If --stdin was
+and the SHA-1 hash of that list is printed to stdout. If --stdin was
 also used then this is prefixed by either "pack\t", or "keep\t" if a
 new .keep file was successfully created. This is useful to remove a
 .keep file used as a lock to prevent the race with 'git repack'
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init-db.txt b/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
index a21e346..648a6cd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-init-db(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-init-db - Creates an empty git repository
+git-init-db - Creates an empty Git repository
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt
index 9ac2bba..afd721e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-init(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-init - Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one
+git-init - Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This command creates an empty git repository - basically a `.git`
+This command creates an empty Git repository - basically a `.git`
 directory with subdirectories for `objects`, `refs/heads`,
 `refs/tags`, and template files.  An initial `HEAD` file that
 references the HEAD of the master branch is also created.
@@ -58,19 +58,19 @@ DIRECTORY" section below.)
 --separate-git-dir=<git dir>::
 
 Instead of initializing the repository where it is supposed to be,
-place a filesytem-agnostic git symbolic link there, pointing to the
-specified git path, and initialize a git repository at the path. The
-result is git repository can be separated from working tree. If this
+place a filesytem-agnostic Git symbolic link there, pointing to the
+specified path, and initialize a Git repository at the path. The
+result is Git repository can be separated from working tree. If this
 is reinitialization, the repository will be moved to the specified
 path.
 
 --shared[=(false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody|0xxx)]::
 
-Specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users.  This
+Specify that the Git repository is to be shared amongst several users.  This
 allows users belonging to the same group to push into that
 repository.  When specified, the config variable "core.sharedRepository" is
 set so that files and directories under `$GIT_DIR` are created with the
-requested permissions.  When not specified, git will use permissions reported
+requested permissions.  When not specified, Git will use permissions reported
 by umask(2).
 
 The option can have the following values, defaulting to 'group' if no value
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ The suggested patterns and hook files are all modifiable and extensible.
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
-Start a new git repository for an existing code base::
+Start a new Git repository for an existing code base::
 +
 ----------------
 $ cd /path/to/my/codebase
diff --git a/Documentation/git-log.txt b/Documentation/git-log.txt
index 585dac4..a976534 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-log.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-log.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-log - Show commit logs
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git log' [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[\--] <path>...]
+'git log' [<options>] [<revision range>] [[\--] <path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -24,13 +24,6 @@ each commit introduces are shown.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
-<since>..<until>::
-	Show only commits between the named two commits.  When
-	either <since> or <until> is omitted, it defaults to
-	`HEAD`, i.e. the tip of the current branch.
-	For a more complete list of ways to spell <since>
-	and <until>, see linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
-
 --follow::
 	Continue listing the history of a file beyond renames
 	(works only for a single file).
@@ -47,6 +40,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Print out the ref name given on the command line by which each
 	commit was reached.
 
+--use-mailmap::
+	Use mailmap file to map author and committer names and email
+	to canonical real names and email addresses. See
+	linkgit:git-shortlog[1].
+
 --full-diff::
 	Without this flag, "git log -p <path>..." shows commits that
 	touch the specified paths, and diffs about the same specified
@@ -59,19 +57,28 @@ produced by --stat etc.
 
 --log-size::
 	Before the log message print out its size in bytes. Intended
-	mainly for porcelain tools consumption. If git is unable to
+	mainly for porcelain tools consumption. If Git is unable to
 	produce a valid value size is set to zero.
 	Note that only message is considered, if also a diff is shown
 	its size is not included.
 
+<revision range>::
+	Show only commits in the specified revision range.  When no
+	<revision range> is specified, it defaults to `HEAD` (i.e. the
+	whole history leading to the current commit).  `origin..HEAD`
+	specifies all the commits reachable from the current commit
+	(i.e. `HEAD`), but not from `origin`. For a complete list of
+	ways to spell <revision range>, see the "Specifying Ranges"
+	section of linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
+
 [\--] <path>...::
 	Show only commits that are enough to explain how the files
 	that match the specified paths came to be.  See "History
 	Simplification" below for details and other simplification
 	modes.
 +
-To prevent confusion with options and branch names, paths may need to
-be prefixed with "\-- " to separate them from options or refnames.
+Paths may need to be prefixed with "\-- " to separate them from
+options or the revision range, when confusion arises.
 
 include::rev-list-options.txt[]
 
@@ -167,7 +174,7 @@ log.showroot::
 	`git log -p` output would be shown without a diff attached.
 	The default is `true`.
 
-mailmap.file::
+mailmap.*::
 	See linkgit:git-shortlog[1].
 
 notes.displayRef::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
index 4b28292..c0856a6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	directory and its subdirectories in <file>.
 
 --exclude-standard::
-	Add the standard git exclusions: .git/info/exclude, .gitignore
+	Add the standard Git exclusions: .git/info/exclude, .gitignore
 	in each directory, and the user's global exclusion file.
 
 --error-unmatch::
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ which case it outputs:
 'git ls-files --unmerged' and 'git ls-files --stage' can be used to examine
 detailed information on unmerged paths.
 
-For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA1 pair,
+For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA-1 pair,
 the index records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
 1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3.  This information can be used by
 the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
index 97e7a8e..164a3c6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-mailinfo - Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git mailinfo' [-k|-b] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] [--scissors] <msg> <patch>
+'git mailinfo' [-k|-b] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] [--[no-]scissors] <msg> <patch>
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
index e0df1b3..02676fb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 This looks up the <file>(s) in the index and, if there are any merge
-entries, passes the SHA1 hash for those files as arguments 1, 2, 3 (empty
+entries, passes the SHA-1 hash for those files as arguments 1, 2, 3 (empty
 argument if no file), and <file> as argument 4.  File modes for the three
 files are passed as arguments 5, 6 and 7.
 
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ If 'git merge-index' is called with multiple <file>s (or -a) then it
 processes them in turn only stopping if merge returns a non-zero exit
 code.
 
-Typically this is run with a script calling git's imitation of
+Typically this is run with a script calling Git's imitation of
 the 'merge' command from the RCS package.
 
 A sample script called 'git merge-one-file' is included in the
 distribution.
 
-ALERT ALERT ALERT! The git "merge object order" is different from the
+ALERT ALERT ALERT! The Git "merge object order" is different from the
 RCS 'merge' program merge object order. In the above ordering, the
 original is first. But the argument order to the 3-way merge program
 'merge' is to have the original in the middle. Don't ask me why.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
index 7780863..67ca99c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
@@ -76,8 +76,7 @@ The 'git fmt-merge-msg' command can be
 used to give a good default for automated 'git merge'
 invocations.
 
---rerere-autoupdate::
---no-rerere-autoupdate::
+--[no-]rerere-autoupdate::
 	Allow the rerere mechanism to update the index with the
 	result of auto-conflict resolution if possible.
 
@@ -202,10 +201,10 @@ of the merge.  Among the changes made to the common ancestor's version,
 non-overlapping ones (that is, you changed an area of the file while the
 other side left that area intact, or vice versa) are incorporated in the
 final result verbatim.  When both sides made changes to the same area,
-however, git cannot randomly pick one side over the other, and asks you to
+however, Git cannot randomly pick one side over the other, and asks you to
 resolve it by leaving what both sides did to that area.
 
-By default, git uses the same style as the one used by the "merge" program
+By default, Git uses the same style as the one used by the "merge" program
 from the RCS suite to present such a conflicted hunk, like this:
 
 ------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt
index f98a41b..055550b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-mergetool{litdd}lib(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-mergetool--lib - Common git merge tool shell scriptlets
+git-mergetool--lib - Common Git merge tool shell scriptlets
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Porcelain-ish scripts and/or are writing new ones.
 
 The 'git-mergetool{litdd}lib' scriptlet is designed to be sourced (using
 `.`) by other shell scripts to set up functions for working
-with git merge tools.
+with Git merge tools.
 
 Before sourcing 'git-mergetool{litdd}lib', your script must set `TOOL_MODE`
 to define the operation mode for the functions listed below.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
index 6b563c5..07137f2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-mergetool - Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git mergetool' [--tool=<tool>] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [<file>...]
+'git mergetool' [--tool=<tool>] [-y | --[no-]prompt] [<file>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktag.txt b/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
index 65e167a..3ca158b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mktag.txt
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ A tag signature file has a very simple fixed format: four lines of
   tagger <tagger>
 
 followed by some 'optional' free-form message (some tags created
-by older git may not have `tagger` line).  The message, when
+by older Git may not have `tagger` line).  The message, when
 exists, is separated by a blank line from the header.  The
-message part may contain a signature that git itself doesn't
+message part may contain a signature that Git itself doesn't
 care about, but that can be verified with gpg.
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mv.txt b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
index e3c8448..e93fcb4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mv.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -k::
         Skip move or rename actions which would lead to an error
 	condition. An error happens when a source is neither existing nor
-        controlled by GIT, or when it would overwrite an existing
+	controlled by Git, or when it would overwrite an existing
         file unless '-f' is given.
 -n::
 --dry-run::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
index beff622..c579fbc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-p4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 This command provides a way to interact with p4 repositories
-using git.
+using Git.
 
-Create a new git repository from an existing p4 repository using
+Create a new Git repository from an existing p4 repository using
 'git p4 clone', giving it one or more p4 depot paths.  Incorporate
 new commits from p4 changes with 'git p4 sync'.  The 'sync' command
 is also used to include new branches from other p4 depot paths.
-Submit git changes back to p4 using 'git p4 submit'.  The command
+Submit Git changes back to p4 using 'git p4 submit'.  The command
 'git p4 rebase' does a sync plus rebases the current branch onto
 the updated p4 remote branch.
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ EXAMPLE
 $ git p4 clone //depot/path/project
 ------------
 
-* Do some work in the newly created git repository:
+* Do some work in the newly created Git repository:
 +
 ------------
 $ cd project
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ $ vi foo.h
 $ git commit -a -m "edited foo.h"
 ------------
 
-* Update the git repository with recent changes from p4, rebasing your
+* Update the Git repository with recent changes from p4, rebasing your
   work on top:
 +
 ------------
@@ -64,21 +64,21 @@ COMMANDS
 
 Clone
 ~~~~~
-Generally, 'git p4 clone' is used to create a new git directory
+Generally, 'git p4 clone' is used to create a new Git directory
 from an existing p4 repository:
 ------------
 $ git p4 clone //depot/path/project
 ------------
 This:
 
-1.   Creates an empty git repository in a subdirectory called 'project'.
+1.   Creates an empty Git repository in a subdirectory called 'project'.
 +
 2.   Imports the full contents of the head revision from the given p4
-depot path into a single commit in the git branch 'refs/remotes/p4/master'.
+depot path into a single commit in the Git branch 'refs/remotes/p4/master'.
 +
 3.   Creates a local branch, 'master' from this remote and checks it out.
 
-To reproduce the entire p4 history in git, use the '@all' modifier on
+To reproduce the entire p4 history in Git, use the '@all' modifier on
 the depot path:
 ------------
 $ git p4 clone //depot/path/project@all
@@ -88,13 +88,13 @@ $ git p4 clone //depot/path/project@all
 Sync
 ~~~~
 As development continues in the p4 repository, those changes can
-be included in the git repository using:
+be included in the Git repository using:
 ------------
 $ git p4 sync
 ------------
-This command finds new changes in p4 and imports them as git commits.
+This command finds new changes in p4 and imports them as Git commits.
 
-P4 repositories can be added to an existing git repository using
+P4 repositories can be added to an existing Git repository using
 'git p4 sync' too:
 ------------
 $ mkdir repo-git
@@ -103,14 +103,19 @@ $ git init
 $ git p4 sync //path/in/your/perforce/depot
 ------------
 This imports the specified depot into
-'refs/remotes/p4/master' in an existing git repository.  The
+'refs/remotes/p4/master' in an existing Git repository.  The
 '--branch' option can be used to specify a different branch to
 be used for the p4 content.
 
-If a git repository includes branches 'refs/remotes/origin/p4', these
+If a Git repository includes branches 'refs/remotes/origin/p4', these
 will be fetched and consulted first during a 'git p4 sync'.  Since
 importing directly from p4 is considerably slower than pulling changes
-from a git remote, this can be useful in a multi-developer environment.
+from a Git remote, this can be useful in a multi-developer environment.
+
+If there are multiple branches, doing 'git p4 sync' will automatically
+use the "BRANCH DETECTION" algorithm to try to partition new changes
+into the right branch.  This can be overridden with the '--branch'
+option to specify just a single branch to update.
 
 
 Rebase
@@ -127,13 +132,13 @@ $ git p4 rebase
 
 Submit
 ~~~~~~
-Submitting changes from a git repository back to the p4 repository
+Submitting changes from a Git repository back to the p4 repository
 requires a separate p4 client workspace.  This should be specified
-using the 'P4CLIENT' environment variable or the git configuration
+using the 'P4CLIENT' environment variable or the Git configuration
 variable 'git-p4.client'.  The p4 client must exist, but the client root
 will be created and populated if it does not already exist.
 
-To submit all changes that are in the current git branch but not in
+To submit all changes that are in the current Git branch but not in
 the 'p4/master' branch, use:
 ------------
 $ git p4 submit
@@ -149,7 +154,7 @@ be overridden using the '--origin=' command-line option.
 
 The p4 changes will be created as the user invoking 'git p4 submit'. The
 '--preserve-user' option will cause ownership to be modified
-according to the author of the git commit.  This option requires admin
+according to the author of the Git commit.  This option requires admin
 privileges in p4, which can be granted using 'p4 protect'.
 
 
@@ -173,12 +178,14 @@ subsequent 'sync' operations.
 
 --branch <branch>::
 	Import changes into given branch.  If the branch starts with
-	'refs/', it will be used as is, otherwise the path 'refs/heads/'
-	will be prepended.  The default branch is 'master'.  If used
-	with an initial clone, no HEAD will be checked out.
+	'refs/', it will be used as is.  Otherwise if it does not start
+	with 'p4/', that prefix is added.  The branch is assumed to
+	name a remote tracking, but this can be modified using
+	'--import-local', or by giving a full ref name.  The default
+	branch is 'master'.
 +
 This example imports a new remote "p4/proj2" into an existing
-git repository:
+Git repository:
 +
 ----
     $ git init
@@ -199,11 +206,11 @@ git repository:
 
 --detect-labels::
 	Query p4 for labels associated with the depot paths, and add
-	them as tags in git. Limited usefulness as only imports labels
+	them as tags in Git. Limited usefulness as only imports labels
 	associated with new changelists. Deprecated.
 
 --import-labels::
-	Import labels from p4 into git.
+	Import labels from p4 into Git.
 
 --import-local::
 	By default, p4 branches are stored in 'refs/remotes/p4/',
@@ -219,12 +226,12 @@ git repository:
 	specifier.
 
 --keep-path::
-	The mapping of file names from the p4 depot path to git, by
+	The mapping of file names from the p4 depot path to Git, by
 	default, involves removing the entire depot path.  With this
-	option, the full p4 depot path is retained in git.  For example,
+	option, the full p4 depot path is retained in Git.  For example,
 	path '//depot/main/foo/bar.c', when imported from
 	'//depot/main/', becomes 'foo/bar.c'.  With '--keep-path', the
-	git path is instead 'depot/main/foo/bar.c'.
+	Git path is instead 'depot/main/foo/bar.c'.
 
 --use-client-spec::
 	Use a client spec to find the list of interesting files in p4.
@@ -236,7 +243,7 @@ These options can be used in an initial 'clone', along with the 'sync'
 options described above.
 
 --destination <directory>::
-	Where to create the git repository.  If not provided, the last
+	Where to create the Git repository.  If not provided, the last
 	component in the p4 depot path is used to create a new
 	directory.
 
@@ -266,12 +273,12 @@ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior.
 	requires p4 admin privileges.
 
 --export-labels::
-	Export tags from git as p4 labels. Tags found in git are applied
+	Export tags from Git as p4 labels. Tags found in Git are applied
 	to the perforce working directory.
 
 --dry-run, -n::
 	Show just what commits would be submitted to p4; do not change
-	state in git or p4.
+	state in Git or p4.
 
 --prepare-p4-only::
 	Apply a commit to the p4 workspace, opening, adding and deleting
@@ -287,6 +294,11 @@ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior.
 	to bypass the prompt, causing conflicting commits to be automatically
 	skipped, or to quit trying to apply commits, without prompting.
 
+--branch <branch>::
+	After submitting, sync this named branch instead of the default
+	p4/master.  See the "Sync options" section above for more
+	information.
+
 Rebase options
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 These options can be used to modify 'git p4 rebase' behavior.
@@ -312,12 +324,12 @@ p4 revision specifier on the end:
 "//depot/proj1@all //depot/proj2@all"::
     Import all changes from both named depot paths into a single
     repository.  Only files below these directories are included.
-    There is not a subdirectory in git for each "proj1" and "proj2".
+    There is not a subdirectory in Git for each "proj1" and "proj2".
     You must use the '--destination' option when specifying more
     than one depot path.  The revision specifier must be specified
     identically on each depot path.  If there are files in the
     depot paths with the same name, the path with the most recently
-    updated version of the file is the one that appears in git.
+    updated version of the file is the one that appears in Git.
 
 See 'p4 help revisions' for the full syntax of p4 revision specifiers.
 
@@ -334,11 +346,11 @@ configuration file.  This allows future 'git p4 submit' commands to
 work properly; the submit command looks only at the variable and does
 not have a command-line option.
 
-The full syntax for a p4 view is documented in 'p4 help views'.  'Git p4'
+The full syntax for a p4 view is documented in 'p4 help views'.  'git p4'
 knows only a subset of the view syntax.  It understands multi-line
 mappings, overlays with '+', exclusions with '-' and double-quotes
 around whitespace.  Of the possible wildcards, 'git p4' only handles
-'...', and only when it is at the end of the path.  'Git p4' will complain
+'...', and only when it is at the end of the path.  'git p4' will complain
 if it encounters an unhandled wildcard.
 
 Bugs in the implementation of overlap mappings exist.  If multiple depot
@@ -354,7 +366,7 @@ variable P4CLIENT, a file referenced by P4CONFIG, or the local host name.
 
 BRANCH DETECTION
 ----------------
-P4 does not have the same concept of a branch as git.  Instead,
+P4 does not have the same concept of a branch as Git.  Instead,
 p4 organizes its content as a directory tree, where by convention
 different logical branches are in different locations in the tree.
 The 'p4 branch' command is used to maintain mappings between
@@ -364,7 +376,7 @@ can use these mappings to determine branch relationships.
 If you have a repository where all the branches of interest exist as
 subdirectories of a single depot path, you can use '--detect-branches'
 when cloning or syncing to have 'git p4' automatically find
-subdirectories in p4, and to generate these as branches in git.
+subdirectories in p4, and to generate these as branches in Git.
 
 For example, if the P4 repository structure is:
 ----
@@ -386,7 +398,7 @@ called 'master', and one for //depot/branch1 called 'depot/branch1'.
 
 However, it is not necessary to create branches in p4 to be able to use
 them like branches.  Because it is difficult to infer branch
-relationships automatically, a git configuration setting
+relationships automatically, a Git configuration setting
 'git-p4.branchList' can be used to explicitly identify branch
 relationships.  It is a list of "source:destination" pairs, like a
 simple p4 branch specification, where the "source" and "destination" are
@@ -394,15 +406,17 @@ the path elements in the p4 repository.  The example above relied on the
 presence of the p4 branch.  Without p4 branches, the same result will
 occur with:
 ----
+git init depot
+cd depot
 git config git-p4.branchList main:branch1
-git p4 clone --detect-branches //depot@all
+git p4 clone --detect-branches //depot@all .
 ----
 
 
 PERFORMANCE
 -----------
 The fast-import mechanism used by 'git p4' creates one pack file for
-each invocation of 'git p4 sync'.  Normally, git garbage compression
+each invocation of 'git p4 sync'.  Normally, Git garbage compression
 (linkgit:git-gc[1]) automatically compresses these to fewer pack files,
 but explicit invocation of 'git repack -adf' may improve performance.
 
@@ -440,9 +454,9 @@ git-p4.client::
 Clone and sync variables
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 git-p4.syncFromOrigin::
-	Because importing commits from other git repositories is much faster
+	Because importing commits from other Git repositories is much faster
 	than importing them from p4, a mechanism exists to find p4 changes
-	first in git remotes.  If branches exist under 'refs/remote/origin/p4',
+	first in Git remotes.  If branches exist under 'refs/remote/origin/p4',
 	those will be fetched and used when syncing from p4.  This
 	variable can be set to 'false' to disable this behavior.
 
@@ -494,7 +508,7 @@ git-p4.detectCopiesHarder::
 	Detect copies harder.  See linkgit:git-diff[1].  A boolean.
 
 git-p4.preserveUser::
-	On submit, re-author changes to reflect the git author,
+	On submit, re-author changes to reflect the Git author,
 	regardless of who invokes 'git p4 submit'.
 
 git-p4.allowMissingP4Users::
@@ -531,7 +545,7 @@ git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup::
 	present.
 
 git-p4.exportLabels::
-	Export git tags to p4 labels, as per --export-labels.
+	Export Git tags to p4 labels, as per --export-labels.
 
 git-p4.labelExportRegexp::
 	Only p4 labels matching this regular expression will be exported. The
@@ -543,11 +557,11 @@ git-p4.conflict::
 
 IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
 ----------------------
-* Changesets from p4 are imported using git fast-import.
+* Changesets from p4 are imported using Git fast-import.
 * Cloning or syncing does not require a p4 client; file contents are
   collected using 'p4 print'.
 * Submitting requires a p4 client, which is not in the same location
-  as the git repository.  Patches are applied, one at a time, to
+  as the Git repository.  Patches are applied, one at a time, to
   this p4 client and submitted from there.
 * Each commit imported by 'git p4' has a line at the end of the log
   message indicating the p4 depot location and change number.  This
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
index 20c8551..d94edcd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ A pack index file (.idx) is generated for fast, random access to the
 objects in the pack. Placing both the index file (.idx) and the packed
 archive (.pack) in the pack/ subdirectory of $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY (or
 any of the directories on $GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES)
-enables git to read from the pack archive.
+enables Git to read from the pack archive.
 
 The 'git unpack-objects' command can read the packed archive and
 expand the objects contained in the pack into "one-file
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ base-name::
 	Write into a pair of files (.pack and .idx), using
 	<base-name> to determine the name of the created file.
 	When this option is used, the two files are written in
-	<base-name>-<SHA1>.{pack,idx} files.  <SHA1> is a hash
+	<base-name>-<SHA-1>.{pack,idx} files.  <SHA-1> is a hash
 	of the sorted object names to make the resulting filename
 	based on the pack content, and written to the standard
 	output of the command.
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ base-name::
 --include-tag::
 	Include unasked-for annotated tags if the object they
 	reference was included in the resulting packfile.  This
-	can be useful to send new tags to native git clients.
+	can be useful to send new tags to native Git clients.
 
 --window=<n>::
 --depth=<n>::
@@ -185,14 +185,14 @@ base-name::
 	option only makes sense in conjunction with --stdout.
 +
 Note: A thin pack violates the packed archive format by omitting
-required objects and is thus unusable by git without making it
+required objects and is thus unusable by Git without making it
 self-contained. Use `git index-pack --fix-thin`
 (see linkgit:git-index-pack[1]) to restore the self-contained property.
 
 --delta-base-offset::
 	A packed archive can express the base object of a delta as
 	either a 20-byte object name or as an offset in the
-	stream, but ancient versions of git don't understand the
+	stream, but ancient versions of Git don't understand the
 	latter.  By default, 'git pack-objects' only uses the
 	former format for better compatibility.  This option
 	allows the command to use the latter format for
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ self-contained. Use `git index-pack --fix-thin`
 +
 Note: Porcelain commands such as `git gc` (see linkgit:git-gc[1]),
 `git repack` (see linkgit:git-repack[1]) pass this option by default
-in modern git when they put objects in your repository into pack files.
+in modern Git when they put objects in your repository into pack files.
 So does `git bundle` (see linkgit:git-bundle[1]) when it creates a bundle.
 
 --threads=<n>::
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ So does `git bundle` (see linkgit:git-bundle[1]) when it creates a bundle.
 	This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor machines.
 	The required amount of memory for the delta search window is
 	however multiplied by the number of threads.
-	Specifying 0 will cause git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
+	Specifying 0 will cause Git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
 	and set the number of threads accordingly.
 
 --index-version=<version>[,<offset>]::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt b/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
index 90268f0..312c3b1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-A "patch ID" is nothing but a SHA1 of the diff associated with a patch, with
+A "patch ID" is nothing but a SHA-1 of the diff associated with a patch, with
 whitespace and line numbers ignored.  As such, it's "reasonably stable", but at
 the same time also reasonably unique, i.e., two patches that have the same "patch
 ID" are almost guaranteed to be the same thing.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
index 638456b..24ab07a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ and a log message from the user describing the changes.
 See linkgit:git-merge[1] for details, including how conflicts
 are presented and handled.
 
-In git 1.7.0 or later, to cancel a conflicting merge, use
-`git reset --merge`.  *Warning*: In older versions of git, running 'git pull'
+In Git 1.7.0 or later, to cancel a conflicting merge, use
+`git reset --merge`.  *Warning*: In older versions of Git, running 'git pull'
 with uncommitted changes is discouraged: while possible, it leaves you
 in a state that may be hard to back out of in the case of a conflict.
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ must be given before the options meant for 'git fetch'.
 	This option controls if new commits of all populated submodules should
 	be fetched too (see linkgit:git-config[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5]).
 	That might be necessary to get the data needed for merging submodule
-	commits, a feature git learned in 1.7.3. Notice that the result of a
+	commits, a feature Git learned in 1.7.3. Notice that the result of a
 	merge will not be checked out in the submodule, "git submodule update"
 	has to be called afterwards to bring the work tree up to date with the
 	merge result.
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked
 out submodules right now. When e.g. upstream added a new submodule in the
 just fetched commits of the superproject the submodule itself can not be
 fetched, making it impossible to check out that submodule later without
-having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future git
+having to do a fetch again. This is expected to be fixed in a future Git
 version.
 
 SEE ALSO
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index 8b637d3..d514813 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-push - Update remote refs along with associated objects
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git push' [--all | --mirror | --tags] [-n | --dry-run] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
+'git push' [--all | --mirror | --tags] [--follow-tags] [-n | --dry-run] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
 	   [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [--prune] [-v | --verbose] [-u | --set-upstream]
 	   [<repository> [<refspec>...]]
 
@@ -23,6 +23,17 @@ You can make interesting things happen to a repository
 every time you push into it, by setting up 'hooks' there.  See
 documentation for linkgit:git-receive-pack[1].
 
+When the command line does not specify where to push with the
+`<repository>` argument, `branch.*.remote` configuration for the
+current branch is consulted to determine where to push.  If the
+configuration is missing, it defaults to 'origin'.
+
+When the command line does not specify what to push with `<refspec>...`
+arguments or `--all`, `--mirror`, `--tags` options, the command finds
+the default `<refspec>` by consulting `remote.*.push` configuration,
+and if it is not found, honors `push.default` configuration to decide
+what to push (See gitlink:git-config[1] for the meaning of `push.default`).
+
 
 OPTIONS[[OPTIONS]]
 ------------------
@@ -33,13 +44,10 @@ OPTIONS[[OPTIONS]]
 	of a remote (see the section <<REMOTES,REMOTES>> below).
 
 <refspec>...::
+	Specify what destination ref to update with what source object.
 	The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
-	`+`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
+	`+`, followed by the source object <src>, followed
 	by a colon `:`, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
-	It is used to specify with what <src> object the <dst> ref
-	in the remote repository is to be updated.  If not specified,
-	the behavior of the command is controlled by the `push.default`
-	configuration variable.
 +
 The <src> is often the name of the branch you would want to push, but
 it can be any arbitrary "SHA-1 expression", such as `master~4` or
@@ -51,10 +59,11 @@ be named. If `:`<dst> is omitted, the same ref as <src> will be
 updated.
 +
 The object referenced by <src> is used to update the <dst> reference
-on the remote side, but by default this is only allowed if the
-update can fast-forward <dst>.  By having the optional leading `+`,
-you can tell git to update the <dst> ref even when the update is not a
-fast-forward.  This does *not* attempt to merge <src> into <dst>.  See
+on the remote side.  By default this is only allowed if <dst> is not
+a tag (annotated or lightweight), and then only if it can fast-forward
+<dst>.  By having the optional leading `+`, you can tell Git to update
+the <dst> ref even if it is not allowed by default (e.g., it is not a
+fast-forward.)  This does *not* attempt to merge <src> into <dst>.  See
 EXAMPLES below for details.
 +
 `tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`.
@@ -63,12 +72,9 @@ Pushing an empty <src> allows you to delete the <dst> ref from
 the remote repository.
 +
 The special refspec `:` (or `+:` to allow non-fast-forward updates)
-directs git to push "matching" branches: for every branch that exists on
+directs Git to push "matching" branches: for every branch that exists on
 the local side, the remote side is updated if a branch of the same name
-already exists on the remote side.  This is the default operation mode
-if no explicit refspec is found (that is neither on the command line
-nor in any Push line of the corresponding remotes file---see below) and
-no `push.default` configuration variable is set.
+already exists on the remote side.
 
 --all::
 	Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all
@@ -111,6 +117,12 @@ no `push.default` configuration variable is set.
 	addition to refspecs explicitly listed on the command
 	line.
 
+--follow-tags::
+	Push all the refs that would be pushed without this option,
+	and also push annotated tags in `refs/tags` that are missing
+	from the remote but are pointing at committish that are
+	reachable from the refs being pushed.
+
 --receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>::
 --exec=<git-receive-pack>::
 	Path to the 'git-receive-pack' program on the remote
@@ -150,8 +162,7 @@ useful if you write an alias or script around 'git push'.
 	linkgit:git-pull[1] and other commands. For more information,
 	see 'branch.<name>.merge' in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
---thin::
---no-thin::
+--[no-]thin::
 	These options are passed to linkgit:git-send-pack[1]. A thin transfer
 	significantly reduces the amount of sent data when the sender and
 	receiver share many of the same objects in common. The default is
@@ -176,7 +187,7 @@ useful if you write an alias or script around 'git push'.
 --recurse-submodules=check|on-demand::
 	Make sure all submodule commits used by the revisions to be
 	pushed are available on a remote-tracking branch. If 'check' is
-	used git will verify that all submodule commits that changed in
+	used Git will verify that all submodule commits that changed in
 	the revisions to be pushed are available on at least one remote
 	of the submodule. If any commits are missing the push will be
 	aborted and exit with non-zero status. If 'on-demand' is used
@@ -191,7 +202,7 @@ OUTPUT
 ------
 
 The output of "git push" depends on the transport method used; this
-section describes the output when pushing over the git protocol (either
+section describes the output when pushing over the Git protocol (either
 locally or via ssh).
 
 The status of the push is output in tabular form, with each line
diff --git a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
index 7f112f3..a356196 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Applies a quilt patchset onto the current git branch, preserving
+Applies a quilt patchset onto the current Git branch, preserving
 the patch boundaries, patch order, and patch descriptions present
 in the quilt patchset.
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ the patch description is displayed and the user is asked to
 interactively enter the author of the patch.
 
 If a subject is not found in the patch description the patch name is
-preserved as the 1 line subject in the git description.
+preserved as the 1 line subject in the Git description.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
index da067ec..aca8405 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ parameter can be any valid commit-ish.
 In case of conflict, 'git rebase' will stop at the first problematic commit
 and leave conflict markers in the tree.  You can use 'git diff' to locate
 the markers (<<<<<<) and make edits to resolve the conflict.  For each
-file you edit, you need to tell git that the conflict has been resolved,
+file you edit, you need to tell Git that the conflict has been resolved,
 typically this would be done with
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
index 141e8a5..70791b9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ The reflog will cover all recent actions (HEAD reflog records branch switching
 as well).  It is an alias for `git log -g --abbrev-commit --pretty=oneline`;
 see linkgit:git-log[1].
 
-The reflog is useful in various git commands, to specify the old value
+The reflog is useful in various Git commands, to specify the old value
 of a reference. For example, `HEAD@{2}` means "where HEAD used to be
 two moves ago", `master@{one.week.ago}` means "where master used to
 point to one week ago", and so on. See linkgit:gitrevisions[7] for
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt
index 8a8e1d7..8cfc748 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-ext.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ git remote add <nick> "ext::<command>[ <arguments>...]"
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 This remote helper uses the specified '<command>' to connect
-to a remote git server.
+to a remote Git server.
 
 Data written to stdin of the specified '<command>' is assumed
 to be sent to a git:// server, git-upload-pack, git-receive-pack
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ The following sequences have a special meaning:
 
 '%s'::
 	Replaced with name (receive-pack, upload-pack, or
-	upload-archive) of the service git wants to invoke.
+	upload-archive) of the service Git wants to invoke.
 
 '%S'::
 	Replaced with long name (git-receive-pack,
 	git-upload-pack, or git-upload-archive) of the service
-	git wants to invoke.
+	Git wants to invoke.
 
 '%G' (must be the first characters in an argument)::
 	This argument will not be passed to '<command>'. Instead, it
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ GIT_EXT_SERVICE_NOPREFIX::
 
 EXAMPLES:
 ---------
-This remote helper is transparently used by git when
+This remote helper is transparently used by Git when
 you use commands such as "git fetch <URL>", "git clone <URL>",
 , "git push <URL>" or "git remote add <nick> <URL>", where <URL>
 begins with `ext::`.  Examples:
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ begins with `ext::`.  Examples:
 	edit .ssh/config.
 
 "ext::socat -t3600 - ABSTRACT-CONNECT:/git-server %G/somerepo"::
-	Represents repository with path /somerepo accessable over
+	Represents repository with path /somerepo accessible over
 	git protocol at abstract namespace address /git-server.
 
 "ext::git-server-alias foo %G/repo"::
@@ -100,14 +100,14 @@ begins with `ext::`.  Examples:
 	Represents a repository with path /repo accessed using the
 	helper program "git-server-alias foo".  The hostname for the
 	remote server passed in the protocol stream will be "foo"
-	(this allows multiple virtual git servers to share a
+	(this allows multiple virtual Git servers to share a
 	link-level address).
 
 "ext::git-server-alias foo %G/repo% with% spaces %Vfoo"::
 	Represents a repository with path '/repo with spaces' accessed
 	using the helper program "git-server-alias foo".  The hostname for
 	the remote server passed in the protocol stream will be "foo"
-	(this allows multiple virtual git servers to share a
+	(this allows multiple virtual Git servers to share a
 	link-level address).
 
 "ext::git-ssl foo.example /bar"::
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ begins with `ext::`.  Examples:
 
 Documentation
 --------------
-Documentation by Ilari Liusvaara, Jonathan Nieder and the git list
+Documentation by Ilari Liusvaara, Jonathan Nieder and the Git list
 <git@vger.kernel.org>
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt
index f095d57..933c2ad 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-fd.txt
@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-This helper uses specified file descriptors to connect to a remote git server.
+This helper uses specified file descriptors to connect to a remote Git server.
 This is not meant for end users but for programs and scripts calling git
 fetch, push or archive.
 
 If only <infd> is given, it is assumed to be a bidirectional socket connected
-to remote git server (git-upload-pack, git-receive-pack or
+to remote Git server (git-upload-pack, git-receive-pack or
 git-upload-achive). If both <infd> and <outfd> are given, they are assumed
-to be pipes connected to a remote git server (<infd> being the inbound pipe
+to be pipes connected to a remote Git server (<infd> being the inbound pipe
 and <outfd> being the outbound pipe.
 
 It is assumed that any handshaking procedures have already been completed
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ EXAMPLES
 
 Documentation
 --------------
-Documentation by Ilari Liusvaara and the git list <git@vger.kernel.org>
+Documentation by Ilari Liusvaara and the Git list <git@vger.kernel.org>
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-testgit.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-testgit.txt
index 4c871b9..f791d73 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote-testgit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-testgit.txt
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ testcase for the remote-helper functionality, and as an example to
 show remote-helper authors one possible implementation.
 
 The best way to learn more is to read the comments and source code in
-'git-remote-testgit.py'.
+'git-remote-testgit'.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
index e8c396b..581bb4c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git remote' [-v | --verbose]
-'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>
+'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--[no-]tags] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>
 'git remote rename' <old> <new>
 'git remote remove' <name>
 'git remote set-head' <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git remote set-url' [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]
 'git remote set-url --add' [--push] <name> <newurl>
 'git remote set-url --delete' [--push] <name> <url>
-'git remote' [-v | --verbose] 'show' [-n] <name>
-'git remote prune' [-n | --dry-run] <name>
+'git remote' [-v | --verbose] 'show' [-n] <name>...
+'git remote prune' [-n | --dry-run] <name>...
 'git remote' [-v | --verbose] 'update' [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
diff --git a/Documentation/git-replace.txt b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
index 51131d0..e0b4057 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-replace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Adds a 'replace' reference in `refs/replace/` namespace.
 
-The name of the 'replace' reference is the SHA1 of the object that is
-replaced. The content of the 'replace' reference is the SHA1 of the
+The name of the 'replace' reference is the SHA-1 of the object that is
+replaced. The content of the 'replace' reference is the SHA-1 of the
 replacement object.
 
 Unless `-f` is given, the 'replace' reference must not yet exist.
 
-Replacement references will be used by default by all git commands
+Replacement references will be used by default by all Git commands
 except those doing reachability traversal (prune, pack transfer and
 fsck).
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
index 978d8da..a404b47 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
@@ -8,20 +8,20 @@ git-reset - Reset current HEAD to the specified state
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git reset' [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>...
-'git reset' (--patch | -p) [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]
+'git reset' [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>...
+'git reset' (--patch | -p) [<tree-sh>] [--] [<paths>...]
 'git reset' [--soft | --mixed | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-In the first and second form, copy entries from <commit> to the index.
+In the first and second form, copy entries from <tree-ish> to the index.
 In the third form, set the current branch head (HEAD) to <commit>, optionally
-modifying index and working tree to match.  The <commit> defaults to HEAD
-in all forms.
+modifying index and working tree to match.  The <tree-ish>/<commit> defaults
+to HEAD in all forms.
 
-'git reset' [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>...::
+'git reset' [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>...::
 	This form resets the index entries for all <paths> to their
-	state at <commit>.  (It does not affect the working tree, nor
+	state at <tree-ish>.  (It does not affect the working tree, nor
 	the current branch.)
 +
 This means that `git reset <paths>` is the opposite of `git add
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ Alternatively, using linkgit:git-checkout[1] and specifying a commit, you
 can copy the contents of a path out of a commit to the index and to the
 working tree in one go.
 
-'git reset' (--patch | -p) [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]::
+'git reset' (--patch | -p) [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]::
 	Interactively select hunks in the difference between the index
-	and <commit> (defaults to HEAD).  The chosen hunks are applied
+	and <tree-ish> (defaults to HEAD).  The chosen hunks are applied
 	in reverse to the index.
 +
 This means that `git reset -p` is the opposite of `git add -p`, i.e.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
index 38fafca..65ac27e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ between the two operands.  The following two commands are equivalent:
 	$ git rev-list A...B
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-'rev-list' is a very essential git command, since it
+'rev-list' is a very essential Git command, since it
 provides the ability to build and traverse commit ancestry graphs. For
 this reason, it has a lot of different options that enables it to be
 used by commands as different as 'git bisect' and
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
index 3c63561..947d62f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Many git porcelainish commands take mixture of flags
+Many Git porcelainish commands take mixture of flags
 (i.e. parameters that begin with a dash '-') and parameters
 meant for the underlying 'git rev-list' command they use internally
 and flags and parameters for the other commands they use
@@ -60,8 +60,19 @@ OPTIONS
 	instead.
 
 --verify::
-	The parameter given must be usable as a single, valid
-	object name.  Otherwise barf and abort.
+	Verify that exactly one parameter is provided, and that it
+	can be turned into a raw 20-byte SHA-1 that can be used to
+	access the object database. If so, emit it to the standard
+	output; otherwise, error out.
++
+If you want to make sure that the output actually names an object in
+your object database and/or can be used as a specific type of object
+you require, you can add "^{type}" peeling operator to the parmeter.
+For example, `git rev-parse "$VAR^{commit}"` will make sure `$VAR`
+names an existing object that is a commit-ish (i.e. a commit, or an
+annotated tag that points at a commit).  To make sure that `$VAR`
+names an existing object of any type, `git rev-parse "$VAR^{object}"`
+can be used.
 
 -q::
 --quiet::
@@ -84,7 +95,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	one.
 
 --symbolic::
-	Usually the object names are output in SHA1 form (with
+	Usually the object names are output in SHA-1 form (with
 	possible '{caret}' prefix); this option makes them output in a
 	form as close to the original input as possible.
 
@@ -147,7 +158,7 @@ shown.  If the pattern does not contain a globbing character (`?`,
 	relative to the current working directory.
 +
 If `$GIT_DIR` is not defined and the current directory
-is not detected to lie in a git repository or work tree
+is not detected to lie in a Git repository or work tree
 print a message to stderr and exit with nonzero status.
 
 --is-inside-git-dir::
@@ -169,7 +180,7 @@ print a message to stderr and exit with nonzero status.
 
 --short::
 --short=number::
-	Instead of outputting the full SHA1 values of object names try to
+	Instead of outputting the full SHA-1 values of object names try to
 	abbreviate them to a shorter unique name. When no length is specified
 	7 is used. The minimum length is 4.
 
@@ -187,9 +198,11 @@ print a message to stderr and exit with nonzero status.
 	Flags and parameters to be parsed.
 
 --resolve-git-dir <path>::
-	Check if <path> is a valid git-dir or a git-file pointing to a valid
-	git-dir. If <path> is a valid git-dir the resolved path to git-dir will
-	be printed.
+	Check if <path> is a valid repository or a gitfile that
+	points at a valid repository, and print the location of the
+	repository.  If <path> is a gitfile then the resolved path
+	to the real repository is printed.
+
 
 include::revisions.txt[]
 
@@ -306,12 +319,12 @@ $ git rev-parse --verify HEAD
 * Print the commit object name from the revision in the $REV shell variable:
 +
 ------------
-$ git rev-parse --verify $REV
+$ git rev-parse --verify $REV^{commit}
 ------------
 +
 This will error out if $REV is empty or not a valid revision.
 
-* Same as above:
+* Similar to above:
 +
 ------------
 $ git rev-parse --default master --verify $REV
diff --git a/Documentation/git-revert.txt b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
index 70152e8..f79c9d8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-revert.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-revert - Revert some existing commits
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git revert' [--edit | --no-edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] <commit>...
+'git revert' [--[no-]edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] <commit>...
 'git revert' --continue
 'git revert' --quit
 'git revert' --abort
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rm.txt b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
index 262436b..1d876c2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rm.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 <file>...::
 	Files to remove.  Fileglobs (e.g. `*.c`) can be given to
-	remove all matching files.  If you want git to expand
+	remove all matching files.  If you want Git to expand
 	file glob characters, you may need to shell-escape them.
 	A leading directory name
 	(e.g. `dir` to remove `dir/file1` and `dir/file2`) can be
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ DISCUSSION
 
 The <file> list given to the command can be exact pathnames,
 file glob patterns, or leading directory names.  The command
-removes only the paths that are known to git.  Giving the name of
-a file that you have not told git about does not remove that file.
+removes only the paths that are known to Git.  Giving the name of
+a file that you have not told Git about does not remove that file.
 
 File globbing matches across directory boundaries.  Thus, given
 two directories `d` and `d2`, there is a difference between
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ git diff --name-only --diff-filter=D -z | xargs -0 git rm --cached
 Submodules
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 Only submodules using a gitfile (which means they were cloned
-with a git version 1.7.8 or newer) will be removed from the work
+with a Git version 1.7.8 or newer) will be removed from the work
 tree, as their repository lives inside the .git directory of the
 superproject. If a submodule (or one of those nested inside it)
 still uses a .git directory, `git rm` will fail - no matter if forced
@@ -149,6 +149,10 @@ files that aren't ignored are present in the submodules work tree.
 Ignored files are deemed expendable and won't stop a submodule's work
 tree from being removed.
 
+If you only want to remove the local checkout of a submodule from your
+work tree without committing the removal,
+use linkgit:git-submodule[1] `deinit` instead.
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 `git rm Documentation/\*.txt`::
@@ -156,7 +160,7 @@ EXAMPLES
 	`Documentation` directory and any of its subdirectories.
 +
 Note that the asterisk `*` is quoted from the shell in this
-example; this lets git, and not the shell, expand the pathnames
+example; this lets Git, and not the shell, expand the pathnames
 of files and subdirectories under the `Documentation/` directory.
 
 `git rm -f git-*.sh`::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
index eeb561c..40a9a9a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@ Composing
 ~~~~~~~~~
 
 --annotate::
-	Review and edit each patch you're about to send. See the
-	CONFIGURATION section for 'sendemail.multiedit'.
+	Review and edit each patch you're about to send. Default is the value
+	of 'sendemail.annotate'. See the CONFIGURATION section for
+	'sendemail.multiedit'.
 
 --bcc=<address>::
 	Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email. Default is the value of
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ The --cc option must be repeated for each user you want on the cc list.
 When '--compose' is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and
 In-Reply-To headers specified in the message. If the body of the message
 (what you type after the headers and a blank line) only contains blank
-(or GIT: prefixed) lines the summary won't be sent, but From, Subject,
+(or Git: prefixed) lines the summary won't be sent, but From, Subject,
 and In-Reply-To headers will be used unless they are removed.
 +
 Missing From or In-Reply-To headers will be prompted for.
@@ -164,8 +165,8 @@ Sending
 Furthermore, passwords need not be specified in configuration files
 or on the command line. If a username has been specified (with
 '--smtp-user' or a 'sendemail.smtpuser'), but no password has been
-specified (with '--smtp-pass' or 'sendemail.smtppass'), then the
-user is prompted for a password while the input is masked for privacy.
+specified (with '--smtp-pass' or 'sendemail.smtppass'), then
+a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.
 
 --smtp-server=<host>::
 	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use (e.g.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
index bd3eaa6..dc3a568 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-send-pack(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-send-pack - Push objects over git protocol to another repository
+git-send-pack - Push objects over Git protocol to another repository
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
index 5e5f1c8..5d709d0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-sh-setup(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-sh-setup - Common git shell script setup code
+git-sh-setup - Common Git shell script setup code
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Porcelain-ish scripts and/or are writing new ones.
 
 The 'git sh-setup' scriptlet is designed to be sourced (using
 `.`) by other shell scripts to set up some variables pointing at
-the normal git directories and a few helper shell functions.
+the normal Git directories and a few helper shell functions.
 
 Before sourcing it, your script should set up a few variables;
 `USAGE` (and `LONG_USAGE`, if any) is used to define message
@@ -82,6 +82,12 @@ get_author_ident_from_commit::
 	outputs code for use with eval to set the GIT_AUTHOR_NAME,
 	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL and GIT_AUTHOR_DATE variables for a given commit.
 
+create_virtual_base::
+	modifies the first file so only lines in common with the
+	second file remain. If there is insufficient common material,
+	then the first file is left empty. The result is suitable
+	as a virtual base input for a 3-way merge.
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shell.txt b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
index 9b92506..c35051b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shell.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
@@ -9,25 +9,81 @@ git-shell - Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git shell' [-c <command> <argument>]
+'chsh' -s $(command -v git-shell) <user>
+'git clone' <user>`@localhost:/path/to/repo.git`
+'ssh' <user>`@localhost`
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-A login shell for SSH accounts to provide restricted Git access. When
-'-c' is given, the program executes <command> non-interactively;
-<command> can be one of 'git receive-pack', 'git upload-pack', 'git
-upload-archive', 'cvs server', or a command in COMMAND_DIR. The shell
-is started in interactive mode when no arguments are given; in this
-case, COMMAND_DIR must exist, and any of the executables in it can be
-invoked.
+This is a login shell for SSH accounts to provide restricted Git access.
+It permits execution only of server-side Git commands implementing the
+pull/push functionality, plus custom commands present in a subdirectory
+named `git-shell-commands` in the user's home directory.
 
-'cvs server' is a special command which executes git-cvsserver.
+COMMANDS
+--------
+
+'git shell' accepts the following commands after the '-c' option:
+
+'git receive-pack <argument>'::
+'git upload-pack <argument>'::
+'git upload-archive <argument>'::
+	Call the corresponding server-side command to support
+	the client's 'git push', 'git fetch', or 'git archive --remote'
+	request.
+'cvs server'::
+	Imitate a CVS server.  See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
+
+If a `~/git-shell-commands` directory is present, 'git shell' will
+also handle other, custom commands by running
+"`git-shell-commands/<command> <arguments>`" from the user's home
+directory.
+
+INTERACTIVE USE
+---------------
+
+By default, the commands above can be executed only with the '-c'
+option; the shell is not interactive.
 
-COMMAND_DIR is the path "$HOME/git-shell-commands". The user must have
-read and execute permissions to the directory in order to execute the
-programs in it. The programs are executed with a cwd of $HOME, and
-<argument> is parsed as a command-line string.
+If a `~/git-shell-commands` directory is present, 'git shell'
+can also be run interactively (with no arguments).  If a `help`
+command is present in the `git-shell-commands` directory, it is
+run to provide the user with an overview of allowed actions.  Then a
+"git> " prompt is presented at which one can enter any of the
+commands from the `git-shell-commands` directory, or `exit` to close
+the connection.
+
+Generally this mode is used as an administrative interface to allow
+users to list repositories they have access to, create, delete, or
+rename repositories, or change repository descriptions and
+permissions.
+
+If a `no-interactive-login` command exists, then it is run and the
+interactive shell is aborted.
+
+EXAMPLE
+-------
+
+To disable interactive logins, displaying a greeting instead:
++
+----------------
+$ chsh -s /usr/bin/git-shell
+$ mkdir $HOME/git-shell-commands
+$ cat >$HOME/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login <<\EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+printf '%s\n' "Hi $USER! You've successfully authenticated, but I do not"
+printf '%s\n' "provide interactive shell access."
+exit 128
+EOF
+$ chmod +x $HOME/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login
+----------------
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+ssh(1),
+linkgit:git-daemon[1],
+contrib/git-shell-commands/README
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
index c308e91..31af7f2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ git-shortlog - Summarize 'git log' output
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-git log --pretty=short | 'git shortlog' [-h] [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w]
-'git shortlog' [-n|--numbered] [-s|--summary] [-e|--email] [-w[<width>[,<indent1>[,<indent2>]]]] <commit>...
+git log --pretty=short | 'git shortlog' [<options>]
+'git shortlog' [<options>] [<revision range>] [[\--] <path>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -26,10 +26,6 @@ reference to the current repository.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
--h::
---help::
-	Print a short usage message and exit.
-
 -n::
 --numbered::
 	Sort output according to the number of commits per author instead
@@ -60,6 +56,21 @@ OPTIONS
 If width is `0` (zero) then indent the lines of the output without wrapping
 them.
 
+<revision range>::
+	Show only commits in the specified revision range.  When no
+	<revision range> is specified, it defaults to `HEAD` (i.e. the
+	whole history leading to the current commit).  `origin..HEAD`
+	specifies all the commits reachable from the current commit
+	(i.e. `HEAD`), but not from `origin`. For a complete list of
+	ways to spell <revision range>, see the "Specifying Ranges"
+	section of linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
+
+[\--] <path>...::
+	Consider only commits that are enough to explain how the files
+	that match the specified paths came to be.
++
+Paths may need to be prefixed with "\-- " to separate them from
+options or the revision range, when confusion arises.
 
 MAPPING AUTHORS
 ---------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
index a8e77b5..a515648 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ no <rev> nor <glob> is given on the command line.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <rev>::
-	Arbitrary extended SHA1 expression (see linkgit:gitrevisions[7])
+	Arbitrary extended SHA-1 expression (see linkgit:gitrevisions[7])
 	that typically names a branch head or a tag.
 
 <glob>::
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ displayed, indented N places.  If a commit is on the I-th
 branch, the I-th indentation character shows a `+` sign;
 otherwise it shows a space.  Merge commits are denoted by
 a `-` sign.  Each commit shows a short name that
-can be used as an extended SHA1 to name that commit.
+can be used as an extended SHA-1 to name that commit.
 
 The following example shows three branches, "master", "fixes"
 and "mhf":
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-index.txt b/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
index 2dcbbb2..fbdc8ad 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-index.txt
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reads given idx file for packed git archive created with
+Reads given idx file for packed Git archive created with
 'git pack-objects' command, and dumps its contents.
 
 The information it outputs is subset of what you can get from
 'git verify-pack -v'; this command only shows the packfile
-offset and SHA1 of each object.
+offset and SHA-1 of each object.
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
index 5dbcd47..de4d352 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ OPTIONS
 -s::
 --hash[=<n>]::
 
-	Only show the SHA1 hash, not the reference name. When combined with
-	--dereference the dereferenced tag will still be shown after the SHA1.
+	Only show the SHA-1 hash, not the reference name. When combined with
+	--dereference the dereferenced tag will still be shown after the SHA-1.
 
 --verify::
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-status.txt b/Documentation/git-status.txt
index 9f1ef9a..9046df9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-status.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-status.txt
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Displays paths that have differences between the index file and the
 current HEAD commit, paths that have differences between the working
 tree and the index file, and paths in the working tree that are not
-tracked by git (and are not ignored by linkgit:gitignore[5]). The first
+tracked by Git (and are not ignored by linkgit:gitignore[5]). The first
 are what you _would_ commit by running `git commit`; the second and
 third are what you _could_ commit by running 'git add' before running
 `git commit`.
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --porcelain::
 	Give the output in an easy-to-parse format for scripts.
 	This is similar to the short output, but will remain stable
-	across git versions and regardless of user configuration. See
+	across Git versions and regardless of user configuration. See
 	below for details.
 
 --long::
@@ -46,15 +46,21 @@ OPTIONS
 	Show untracked files.
 +
 The mode parameter is optional (defaults to 'all'), and is used to
-specify the handling of untracked files; when -u is not used, the
-default is 'normal', i.e. show untracked files and directories.
+specify the handling of untracked files.
 +
 The possible options are:
 +
-	- 'no'     - Show no untracked files
-	- 'normal' - Shows untracked files and directories
+	- 'no'     - Show no untracked files.
+	- 'normal' - Shows untracked files and directories.
 	- 'all'    - Also shows individual files in untracked directories.
 +
+When `-u` option is not used, untracked files and directories are
+shown (i.e. the same as specifying `normal`), to help you avoid
+forgetting to add newly created files.  Because it takes extra work
+to find untracked files in the filesystem, this mode may take some
+time in a large working tree.  You can use `no` to have `git status`
+return more quickly without showing untracked files.
++
 The default can be changed using the status.showUntrackedFiles
 configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
@@ -96,7 +102,7 @@ The default, long format, is designed to be human readable,
 verbose and descriptive.  Its contents and format are subject to change
 at any time.
 
-The paths mentioned in the output, unlike many other git commands, are
+The paths mentioned in the output, unlike many other Git commands, are
 made relative to the current directory if you are working in a
 subdirectory (this is on purpose, to help cutting and pasting). See
 the status.relativePaths config option below.
@@ -168,7 +174,7 @@ Porcelain Format
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 The porcelain format is similar to the short format, but is guaranteed
-not to change in a backwards-incompatible way between git versions or
+not to change in a backwards-incompatible way between Git versions or
 based on user configuration. This makes it ideal for parsing by scripts.
 The description of the short format above also describes the porcelain
 format, with a few exceptions:
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt b/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
index a80d946..c87bfcb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Clean the input in the manner used by 'git' for text such as commit
+Clean the input in the manner used by Git for text such as commit
 messages, notes, tags and branch descriptions.
 
 With no arguments, this will:
@@ -35,7 +35,13 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 -s::
 --strip-comments::
-	Skip and remove all lines starting with '#'.
+	Skip and remove all lines starting with comment character (default '#').
+
+-c::
+--comment-lines::
+	Prepend comment character and blank to each line. Lines will automatically
+	be terminated with a newline. On empty lines, only the comment character
+	will be prepended.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
index 3493784..e576713 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
@@ -13,8 +13,10 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	      [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [-N|--no-fetch] [-f|--force] [--rebase]
-	      [--reference <repository>] [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] [--] <path>...
+'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch]
+	      [-f|--force] [--rebase] [--reference <repository>]
+	      [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [(-n|--summary-limit) <n>]
 	      [commit] [--] [<path>...]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
@@ -75,6 +77,8 @@ argument <path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule
 to exist in the superproject. If <path> is not given, the
 "humanish" part of the source repository is used ("repo" for
 "/path/to/repo.git" and "foo" for "host.xz:foo/.git").
+The <path> is also used as the submodule's logical name in its
+configuration entries unless `--name` is used to specify a logical name.
 +
 <repository> is the URL of the new submodule's origin repository.
 This may be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./
@@ -91,7 +95,7 @@ working directory is used instead.
 <path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule to
 exist in the superproject. If <path> does not exist, then the
 submodule is created by cloning from the named URL. If <path> does
-exist and is already a valid git repository, then this is added
+exist and is already a valid Git repository, then this is added
 to the changeset without cloning. This second form is provided
 to ease creating a new submodule from scratch, and presumes
 the user will later push the submodule to the given URL.
@@ -122,8 +126,10 @@ linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-diff[1] will provide that information
 too (and can also report changes to a submodule's work tree).
 
 init::
-	Initialize the submodules, i.e. register each submodule name
-	and url found in .gitmodules into .git/config.
+	Initialize the submodules recorded in the index (which were
+	added and committed elsewhere) by copying submodule
+	names and urls from .gitmodules to .git/config.
+	Optional <path> arguments limit which submodules will be initialized.
 	It will also copy the value of `submodule.$name.update` into
 	.git/config.
 	The key used in .git/config is `submodule.$name.url`.
@@ -134,6 +140,19 @@ init::
 	the explicit 'init' step if you do not intend to customize
 	any submodule locations.
 
+deinit::
+	Unregister the given submodules, i.e. remove the whole
+	`submodule.$name` section from .git/config together with their work
+	tree. Further calls to `git submodule update`, `git submodule foreach`
+	and `git submodule sync` will skip any unregistered submodules until
+	they are initialized again, so use this command if you don't want to
+	have a local checkout of the submodule in your work tree anymore. If
+	you really want to remove a submodule from the repository and commit
+	that use linkgit:git-rm[1] instead.
++
+If `--force` is specified, the submodule's work tree will be removed even if
+it contains local modifications.
+
 update::
 	Update the registered submodules, i.e. clone missing submodules and
 	checkout the commit specified in the index of the containing repository.
@@ -208,11 +227,15 @@ OPTIONS
 -b::
 --branch::
 	Branch of repository to add as submodule.
+	The name of the branch is recorded as `submodule.<path>.branch` in
+	`.gitmodules` for `update --remote`.
 
 -f::
 --force::
-	This option is only valid for add and update commands.
+	This option is only valid for add, deinit and update commands.
 	When running add, allow adding an otherwise ignored submodule path.
+	When running deinit the submodule work trees will be removed even if
+	they contain local changes.
 	When running update, throw away local changes in submodules when
 	switching to a different commit; and always run a checkout operation
 	in the submodule, even if the commit listed in the index of the
@@ -236,6 +259,27 @@ OPTIONS
 	(the default). This limit only applies to modified submodules. The
 	size is always limited to 1 for added/deleted/typechanged submodules.
 
+--remote::
+	This option is only valid for the update command.  Instead of using
+	the superproject's recorded SHA-1 to update the submodule, use the
+	status of the submodule's remote tracking branch.  The remote used
+	is branch's remote (`branch.<name>.remote`), defaulting to `origin`.
+	The remote branch used defaults to `master`, but the branch name may
+	be overridden by setting the `submodule.<name>.branch` option in
+	either `.gitmodules` or `.git/config` (with `.git/config` taking
+	precedence).
++
+This works for any of the supported update procedures (`--checkout`,
+`--rebase`, etc.).  The only change is the source of the target SHA-1.
+For example, `submodule update --remote --merge` will merge upstream
+submodule changes into the submodules, while `submodule update
+--merge` will merge superproject gitlink changes into the submodules.
++
+In order to ensure a current tracking branch state, `update --remote`
+fetches the submodule's remote repository before calculating the
+SHA-1.  If you don't want to fetch, you should use `submodule update
+--remote --no-fetch`.
+
 -N::
 --no-fetch::
 	This option is only valid for the update command.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
index 69decb1..aad452f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-svn(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-svn - Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and git
+git-svn - Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-'git svn' is a simple conduit for changesets between Subversion and git.
-It provides a bidirectional flow of changes between a Subversion and a git
+'git svn' is a simple conduit for changesets between Subversion and Git.
+It provides a bidirectional flow of changes between a Subversion and a Git
 repository.
 
 'git svn' can track a standard Subversion repository,
@@ -21,15 +21,15 @@ following the common "trunk/branches/tags" layout, with the --stdlayout option.
 It can also follow branches and tags in any layout with the -T/-t/-b options
 (see options to 'init' below, and also the 'clone' command).
 
-Once tracking a Subversion repository (with any of the above methods), the git
+Once tracking a Subversion repository (with any of the above methods), the Git
 repository can be updated from Subversion by the 'fetch' command and
-Subversion updated from git by the 'dcommit' command.
+Subversion updated from Git by the 'dcommit' command.
 
 COMMANDS
 --------
 
 'init'::
-	Initializes an empty git repository with additional
+	Initializes an empty Git repository with additional
 	metadata directories for 'git svn'.  The Subversion URL
 	may be specified as a command-line argument, or as full
 	URL arguments to -T/-t/-b.  Optionally, the target
@@ -85,6 +85,10 @@ COMMANDS
 	When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
 	be preserved as a config key.  See 'fetch' for a description
 	of '--ignore-paths'.
+--include-paths=<regex>;;
+	When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
+	be preserved as a config key.  See 'fetch' for a description
+	of '--include-paths'.
 --no-minimize-url;;
 	When tracking multiple directories (using --stdlayout,
 	--branches, or --tags options), git svn will attempt to connect
@@ -146,6 +150,14 @@ Skip "branches" and "tags" of first level directories;;
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 --
 
+--include-paths=<regex>;;
+	This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
+	cause the inclusion of only matching paths from checkout from SVN.
+	The '--include-paths' option should match for every 'fetch'
+	(including automatic fetches due to 'clone', 'dcommit',
+	'rebase', etc) on a given repository. '--ignore-paths' takes
+	precedence over '--include-paths'.
+
 --log-window-size=<n>;;
     Fetch <n> log entries per request when scanning Subversion history.
     The default is 100. For very large Subversion repositories, larger
@@ -199,9 +211,9 @@ and have no uncommitted changes.
 	Commit each diff from the current branch directly to the SVN
 	repository, and then rebase or reset (depending on whether or
 	not there is a diff between SVN and head).  This will create
-	a revision in SVN for each commit in git.
+	a revision in SVN for each commit in Git.
 +
-When an optional git branch name (or a git commit object name)
+When an optional Git branch name (or a Git commit object name)
 is specified as an argument, the subcommand works on the specified
 branch, not on the current branch.
 +
@@ -245,7 +257,7 @@ first have already been pushed into SVN.
 	patch), "all" (accept all patches), or "quit".
 	+
 	'git svn dcommit' returns immediately if answer if "no" or "quit", without
-	commiting anything to SVN.
+	committing anything to SVN.
 
 'branch'::
 	Create a branch in the SVN repository.
@@ -259,13 +271,15 @@ first have already been pushed into SVN.
 	Create a tag by using the tags_subdir instead of the branches_subdir
 	specified during git svn init.
 
--d;;
---destination;;
+-d<path>;;
+--destination=<path>;;
+
 	If more than one --branches (or --tags) option was given to the 'init'
 	or 'clone' command, you must provide the location of the branch (or
-	tag) you wish to create in the SVN repository.  The value of this
-	option must match one of the paths specified by a --branches (or
-	--tags) option.  You can see these paths with the commands
+	tag) you wish to create in the SVN repository.  <path> specifies which
+	path to use to create the branch or tag and should match the pattern
+	on the left-hand side of one of the configured branches or tags
+	refspecs.  You can see these refspecs with the commands
 +
 	git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.branches
 	git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.tags
@@ -286,6 +300,11 @@ where <name> is the name of the SVN repository as specified by the -R option to
 	git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.commiturl
 +
 
+--parents;;
+	Create parent folders. This parameter is equivalent to the parameter
+	--parents on svn cp commands and is useful for non-standard repository
+	layouts.
+
 'tag'::
 	Create a tag in the SVN repository. This is a shorthand for
 	'branch -t'.
@@ -316,7 +335,7 @@ New features:
 +
 --
 --show-commit;;
-	shows the git commit sha1, as well
+	shows the Git commit sha1, as well
 --oneline;;
 	our version of --pretty=oneline
 --
@@ -337,15 +356,25 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log'
 +
 --git-format;;
 	Produce output in the same format as 'git blame', but with
-	SVN revision numbers instead of git commit hashes. In this mode,
+	SVN revision numbers instead of Git commit hashes. In this mode,
 	changes that haven't been committed to SVN (including local
 	working-copy edits) are shown as revision 0.
 
 'find-rev'::
 	When given an SVN revision number of the form 'rN', returns the
-	corresponding git commit hash (this can optionally be followed by a
+	corresponding Git commit hash (this can optionally be followed by a
 	tree-ish to specify which branch should be searched).  When given a
 	tree-ish, returns the corresponding SVN revision number.
++
+--before;;
+	Don't require an exact match if given an SVN revision, instead find
+	the commit corresponding to the state of the SVN repository (on the
+	current branch) at the specified revision.
++
+--after;;
+	Don't require an exact match if given an SVN revision; if there is
+	not an exact match return the closest match searching forward in the
+	history.
 
 'set-tree'::
 	You should consider using 'dcommit' instead of this command.
@@ -368,7 +397,7 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log'
 	the $GIT_DIR/info/exclude file.
 
 'mkdirs'::
-	Attempts to recreate empty directories that core git cannot track
+	Attempts to recreate empty directories that core Git cannot track
 	based on information in $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log files.
 	Empty directories are automatically recreated when using
 	"git svn clone" and "git svn rebase", so "mkdirs" is intended
@@ -500,9 +529,9 @@ order.  Only the leading sha1 is read from each line, so
 +
 Remove directories from the SVN tree if there are no files left
 behind.  SVN can version empty directories, and they are not
-removed by default if there are no files left in them.  git
+removed by default if there are no files left in them.  Git
 cannot version empty directories.  Enabling this flag will make
-the commit to SVN act like git.
+the commit to SVN act like Git.
 +
 [verse]
 config key: svn.rmdir
@@ -589,7 +618,7 @@ Passed directly to 'git rebase' when using 'dcommit' if a
 	This can be used with the 'dcommit', 'rebase', 'branch' and
 	'tag' commands.
 +
-For 'dcommit', print out the series of git arguments that would show
+For 'dcommit', print out the series of Git arguments that would show
 which diffs would be committed to SVN.
 +
 For 'rebase', display the local branch associated with the upstream svn
@@ -600,14 +629,14 @@ For 'branch' and 'tag', display the urls that will be used for copying when
 creating the branch or tag.
 
 --use-log-author::
-	When retrieving svn commits into git (as part of 'fetch', 'rebase', or
+	When retrieving svn commits into Git (as part of 'fetch', 'rebase', or
 	'dcommit' operations), look for the first `From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line
 	in the log message and use that as the author string.
 --add-author-from::
-	When committing to svn from git (as part of 'commit-diff', 'set-tree' or 'dcommit'
+	When committing to svn from Git (as part of 'commit-diff', 'set-tree' or 'dcommit'
 	operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a
 	`From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line, append a `From:` line based on the
-	git commit's author string.  If you use this, then `--use-log-author`
+	Git commit's author string.  If you use this, then `--use-log-author`
 	will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
 
 
@@ -632,7 +661,7 @@ ADVANCED OPTIONS
 	one of the repository layout options --trunk, --tags,
 	--branches, --stdlayout). For each tracked branch, try to find
 	out where its revision was copied from, and set
-	a suitable parent in the first git commit for the branch.
+	a suitable parent in the first Git commit for the branch.
 	This is especially helpful when we're tracking a directory
 	that has been moved around within the repository.  If this
 	feature is disabled, the branches created by 'git svn' will all
@@ -664,7 +693,7 @@ option for (hopefully) obvious reasons.
 +
 This option is NOT recommended as it makes it difficult to track down
 old references to SVN revision numbers in existing documentation, bug
-reports and archives.  If you plan to eventually migrate from SVN to git
+reports and archives.  If you plan to eventually migrate from SVN to Git
 and are certain about dropping SVN history, consider
 linkgit:git-filter-branch[1] instead.  filter-branch also allows
 reformatting of metadata for ease-of-reading and rewriting authorship
@@ -704,7 +733,7 @@ svn-remote.<name>.rewriteUUID::
 
 svn-remote.<name>.pushurl::
 
-	Similar to git's 'remote.<name>.pushurl', this key is designed
+	Similar to Git's 'remote.<name>.pushurl', this key is designed
 	to be used in cases where 'url' points to an SVN repository
 	via a read-only transport, to provide an alternate read/write
 	transport. It is assumed that both keys point to the same
@@ -758,15 +787,15 @@ Tracking and contributing to the trunk of a Subversion-managed project
 	cd trunk
 # You should be on master branch, double-check with 'git branch'
 	git branch
-# Do some work and commit locally to git:
+# Do some work and commit locally to Git:
 	git commit ...
 # Something is committed to SVN, rebase your local changes against the
 # latest changes in SVN:
 	git svn rebase
-# Now commit your changes (that were committed previously using git) to SVN,
+# Now commit your changes (that were committed previously using Git) to SVN,
 # as well as automatically updating your working HEAD:
 	git svn dcommit
-# Append svn:ignore settings to the default git exclude file:
+# Append svn:ignore settings to the default Git exclude file:
 	git svn show-ignore >> .git/info/exclude
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -806,7 +835,7 @@ have each person clone that repository with 'git clone':
 	git remote add origin server:/pub/project
 	git config --replace-all remote.origin.fetch '+refs/remotes/*:refs/remotes/*'
 	git fetch
-# Prevent fetch/pull from remote git server in the future,
+# Prevent fetch/pull from remote Git server in the future,
 # we only want to use git svn for future updates
 	git config --remove-section remote.origin
 # Create a local branch from one of the branches just fetched
@@ -839,14 +868,14 @@ While 'git svn' can track
 copy history (including branches and tags) for repositories adopting a
 standard layout, it cannot yet represent merge history that happened
 inside git back upstream to SVN users.  Therefore it is advised that
-users keep history as linear as possible inside git to ease
+users keep history as linear as possible inside Git to ease
 compatibility with SVN (see the CAVEATS section below).
 
 HANDLING OF SVN BRANCHES
 ------------------------
 If 'git svn' is configured to fetch branches (and --follow-branches
-is in effect), it sometimes creates multiple git branches for one
-SVN branch, where the addtional branches have names of the form
+is in effect), it sometimes creates multiple Git branches for one
+SVN branch, where the additional branches have names of the form
 'branchname@nnn' (with nnn an SVN revision number).  These additional
 branches are created if 'git svn' cannot find a parent commit for the
 first commit in an SVN branch, to connect the branch to the history of
@@ -855,17 +884,17 @@ the other branches.
 Normally, the first commit in an SVN branch consists
 of a copy operation. 'git svn' will read this commit to get the SVN
 revision the branch was created from. It will then try to find the
-git commit that corresponds to this SVN revision, and use that as the
+Git commit that corresponds to this SVN revision, and use that as the
 parent of the branch. However, it is possible that there is no suitable
-git commit to serve as parent.  This will happen, among other reasons,
+Git commit to serve as parent.  This will happen, among other reasons,
 if the SVN branch is a copy of a revision that was not fetched by 'git
 svn' (e.g. because it is an old revision that was skipped with
 '--revision'), or if in SVN a directory was copied that is not tracked
 by 'git svn' (such as a branch that is not tracked at all, or a
 subdirectory of a tracked branch). In these cases, 'git svn' will still
-create a git branch, but instead of using an existing git commit as the
+create a Git branch, but instead of using an existing Git commit as the
 parent of the branch, it will read the SVN history of the directory the
-branch was copied from and create appropriate git commits.  This is
+branch was copied from and create appropriate Git commits.  This is
 indicated by the message "Initializing parent: <branchname>".
 
 Additionally, it will create a special branch named
@@ -875,15 +904,15 @@ created parent commit of the branch.  If in SVN the branch was deleted
 and later recreated from a different version, there will be multiple
 such branches with an '@'.
 
-Note that this may mean that multiple git commits are created for a
+Note that this may mean that multiple Git commits are created for a
 single SVN revision.
 
 An example: in an SVN repository with a standard
 trunk/tags/branches layout, a directory trunk/sub is created in r.100.
 In r.200, trunk/sub is branched by copying it to branches/. 'git svn
-clone -s' will then create a branch 'sub'. It will also create new git
+clone -s' will then create a branch 'sub'. It will also create new Git
 commits for r.100 through r.199 and use these as the history of branch
-'sub'. Thus there will be two git commits for each revision from r.100
+'sub'. Thus there will be two Git commits for each revision from r.100
 to r.199 (one containing trunk/, one containing trunk/sub/). Finally,
 it will create a branch 'sub@200' pointing to the new parent commit of
 branch 'sub' (i.e. the commit for r.200 and trunk/sub/).
@@ -894,13 +923,13 @@ CAVEATS
 For the sake of simplicity and interoperating with Subversion,
 it is recommended that all 'git svn' users clone, fetch and dcommit
 directly from the SVN server, and avoid all 'git clone'/'pull'/'merge'/'push'
-operations between git repositories and branches.  The recommended
-method of exchanging code between git branches and users is
+operations between Git repositories and branches.  The recommended
+method of exchanging code between Git branches and users is
 'git format-patch' and 'git am', or just 'dcommit'ing to the SVN repository.
 
 Running 'git merge' or 'git pull' is NOT recommended on a branch you
 plan to 'dcommit' from because Subversion users cannot see any
-merges you've made.  Furthermore, if you merge or pull from a git branch
+merges you've made.  Furthermore, if you merge or pull from a Git branch
 that is a mirror of an SVN branch, 'dcommit' may commit to the wrong
 branch.
 
@@ -919,7 +948,7 @@ any 'git svn' metadata, or config.  So repositories created and managed with
 using 'git svn' should use 'rsync' for cloning, if cloning is to be done
 at all.
 
-Since 'dcommit' uses rebase internally, any git branches you 'git push' to
+Since 'dcommit' uses rebase internally, any Git branches you 'git push' to
 before 'dcommit' on will require forcing an overwrite of the existing ref
 on the remote repository.  This is generally considered bad practice,
 see the linkgit:git-push[1] documentation for details.
@@ -931,7 +960,7 @@ dcommit with SVN is analogous to that.
 
 When cloning an SVN repository, if none of the options for describing
 the repository layout is used (--trunk, --tags, --branches,
---stdlayout), 'git svn clone' will create a git repository with
+--stdlayout), 'git svn clone' will create a Git repository with
 completely linear history, where branches and tags appear as separate
 directories in the working copy.  While this is the easiest way to get a
 copy of a complete repository, for projects with many branches it will
@@ -947,7 +976,7 @@ branches and tags is required, the options '--trunk' / '--branches' /
 When using multiple --branches or --tags, 'git svn' does not automatically
 handle name collisions (for example, if two branches from different paths have
 the same name, or if a branch and a tag have the same name).  In these cases,
-use 'init' to set up your git repository then, before your first 'fetch', edit
+use 'init' to set up your Git repository then, before your first 'fetch', edit
 the .git/config file so that the branches and tags are associated with
 different name spaces.  For example:
 
@@ -960,12 +989,12 @@ BUGS
 We ignore all SVN properties except svn:executable.  Any unhandled
 properties are logged to $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log
 
-Renamed and copied directories are not detected by git and hence not
+Renamed and copied directories are not detected by Git and hence not
 tracked when committing to SVN.  I do not plan on adding support for
 this as it's quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all
-the possible corner cases (git doesn't do it, either).  Committing
+the possible corner cases (Git doesn't do it, either).  Committing
 renamed and copied files is fully supported if they're similar enough
-for git to detect them.
+for Git to detect them.
 
 In SVN, it is possible (though discouraged) to commit changes to a tag
 (because a tag is just a directory copy, thus technically the same as a
@@ -977,7 +1006,7 @@ CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
 'git svn' stores [svn-remote] configuration information in the
-repository .git/config file.  It is similar the core git
+repository .git/config file.  It is similar the core Git
 [remote] sections except 'fetch' keys do not accept glob
 arguments; but they are instead handled by the 'branches'
 and 'tags' keys.  Since some SVN repositories are oddly
@@ -1010,6 +1039,25 @@ comma-separated list of names within braces. For example:
 	tags = tags/{1.0,2.0}/src:refs/remotes/tags/*
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+Multiple fetch, branches, and tags keys are supported:
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+[svn-remote "messy-repo"]
+	url = http://server.org/svn
+	fetch = trunk/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/trunk
+	fetch = branches/demos/june-project-a-demo:refs/remotes/project-a/demos/june-demo
+	branches = branches/server/*:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
+	branches = branches/demos/2011/*:refs/remotes/project-a/2011-demos/*
+	tags = tags/server/*:refs/remotes/project-a/tags/*
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Creating a branch in such a configuration requires disambiguating which
+location to use using the -d or --destination flag:
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+$ git svn branch -d branches/server release-2-3-0
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 Note that git-svn keeps track of the highest revision in which a branch
 or tag has appeared. If the subset of branches or tags is changed after
 fetching, then .git/svn/.metadata must be manually edited to remove (or
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
index ea28e39..22894cb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ in the tag message.
 If `-m <msg>` or `-F <file>` is given and `-a`, `-s`, and `-u <key-id>`
 are absent, `-a` is implied.
 
-Otherwise just a tag reference for the SHA1 object name of the commit object is
+Otherwise just a tag reference for the SHA-1 object name of the commit object is
 created (i.e. a lightweight tag).
 
 A GnuPG signed tag object will be created when `-s` or `-u
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ $ git pull git://git..../proj.git master
 In such a case, you do not want to automatically follow the other
 person's tags.
 
-One important aspect of git is its distributed nature, which
+One important aspect of Git is its distributed nature, which
 largely means there is no inherent "upstream" or
 "downstream" in the system.  On the face of it, the above
 example might seem to indicate that the tag namespace is owned
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tools.txt b/Documentation/git-tools.txt
index a96403c..78a0d95 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tools.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tools.txt
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-A short git tools survey
+A short Git tools survey
 ========================
 
 
 Introduction
 ------------
 
-Apart from git contrib/ area there are some others third-party tools
+Apart from Git contrib/ area there are some others third-party tools
 you may want to look.
 
 This document presents a brief summary of each tool and the corresponding
@@ -17,26 +17,26 @@ Alternative/Augmentative Porcelains
 
    - *Cogito* (http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/cogito/)
 
-   Cogito is a version control system layered on top of the git tree history
+   Cogito is a version control system layered on top of the Git tree history
    storage system. It aims at seamless user interface and ease of use,
-   providing generally smoother user experience than the "raw" Core GIT
+   providing generally smoother user experience than the "raw" Core Git
    itself and indeed many other version control systems.
 
    Cogito is no longer maintained as most of its functionality
-   is now in core GIT.
+   is now in core Git.
 
 
    - *pg* (http://www.spearce.org/category/projects/scm/pg/)
 
-   pg is a shell script wrapper around GIT to help the user manage a set of
-   patches to files. pg is somewhat like quilt or StGIT, but it does have a
+   pg is a shell script wrapper around Git to help the user manage a set of
+   patches to files. pg is somewhat like quilt or StGit, but it does have a
    slightly different feature set.
 
 
    - *StGit* (http://www.procode.org/stgit/)
 
-   Stacked GIT provides a quilt-like patch management functionality in the
-   GIT environment. You can easily manage your patches in the scope of GIT
+   Stacked Git provides a quilt-like patch management functionality in the
+   Git environment. You can easily manage your patches in the scope of Git
    until they get merged upstream.
 
 
@@ -45,33 +45,33 @@ History Viewers
 
    - *gitk* (shipped with git-core)
 
-   gitk is a simple Tk GUI for browsing history of GIT repositories easily.
+   gitk is a simple Tk GUI for browsing history of Git repositories easily.
 
 
    - *gitview*  (contrib/)
 
-   gitview is a GTK based repository browser for git
+   gitview is a GTK based repository browser for Git
 
 
    - *gitweb* (shipped with git-core)
 
-   GITweb provides full-fledged web interface for GIT repositories.
+   Gitweb provides full-fledged web interface for Git repositories.
 
 
    - *qgit* (http://digilander.libero.it/mcostalba/)
 
-   QGit is a git/StGIT GUI viewer built on Qt/C++. QGit could be used
+   QGit is a git/StGit GUI viewer built on Qt/C++. QGit could be used
    to browse history and directory tree, view annotated files, commit
    changes cherry picking single files or applying patches.
-   Currently it is the fastest and most feature rich among the git
+   Currently it is the fastest and most feature rich among the Git
    viewers and commit tools.
 
    - *tig* (http://jonas.nitro.dk/tig/)
 
-   tig by Jonas Fonseca is a simple git repository browser
+   tig by Jonas Fonseca is a simple Git repository browser
    written using ncurses. Basically, it just acts as a front-end
    for git-log and git-show/git-diff. Additionally, you can also
-   use it as a pager for git commands.
+   use it as a pager for Git commands.
 
 
 Foreign SCM interface
@@ -80,20 +80,20 @@ Foreign SCM interface
    - *git-svn* (shipped with git-core)
 
    git-svn is a simple conduit for changesets between a single Subversion
-   branch and git.
+   branch and Git.
 
 
    - *quilt2git / git2quilt* (http://home-tj.org/wiki/index.php/Misc)
 
    These utilities convert patch series in a quilt repository and commit
-   series in git back and forth.
+   series in Git back and forth.
 
 
    - *hg-to-git* (contrib/)
 
-   hg-to-git converts a Mercurial repository into a git one, and
+   hg-to-git converts a Mercurial repository into a Git one, and
    preserves the full branch history in the process. hg-to-git can
-   also be used in an incremental way to keep the git repository
+   also be used in an incremental way to keep the Git repository
    in sync with the master Mercurial repository.
 
 
@@ -102,14 +102,14 @@ Others
 
    - *(h)gct* (http://www.cyd.liu.se/users/~freku045/gct/)
 
-   Commit Tool or (h)gct is a GUI enabled commit tool for git and
+   Commit Tool or (h)gct is a GUI enabled commit tool for Git and
    Mercurial (hg). It allows the user to view diffs, select which files
    to committed (or ignored / reverted) write commit messages and
    perform the commit itself.
 
    - *git.el* (contrib/)
 
-   This is an Emacs interface for git. The user interface is modeled on
+   This is an Emacs interface for Git. The user interface is modelled on
    pcl-cvs. It has been developed on Emacs 21 and will probably need some
    tweaking to work on XEmacs.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
index dd36d13..e0a8702 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	     [--refresh] [-q] [--unmerged] [--ignore-missing]
 	     [(--cacheinfo <mode> <object> <file>)...]
 	     [--chmod=(+|-)x]
-	     [--assume-unchanged | --no-assume-unchanged]
-	     [--skip-worktree | --no-skip-worktree]
+	     [--[no-]assume-unchanged]
+	     [--[no-]skip-worktree]
 	     [--ignore-submodules]
 	     [--really-refresh] [--unresolve] [--again | -g]
 	     [--info-only] [--index-info]
@@ -77,15 +77,14 @@ OPTIONS
 --chmod=(+|-)x::
         Set the execute permissions on the updated files.
 
---assume-unchanged::
---no-assume-unchanged::
+--[no-]assume-unchanged::
 	When these flags are specified, the object names recorded
 	for the paths are not updated.  Instead, these options
 	set and unset the "assume unchanged" bit for the
-	paths.  When the "assume unchanged" bit is on, git stops
+	paths.  When the "assume unchanged" bit is on, Git stops
 	checking the working tree files for possible
 	modifications, so you need to manually unset the bit to
-	tell git when you change the working tree file. This is
+	tell Git when you change the working tree file. This is
 	sometimes helpful when working with a big project on a
 	filesystem that has very slow lstat(2) system call
 	(e.g. cifs).
@@ -102,8 +101,7 @@ you will need to handle the situation manually.
 	Like '--refresh', but checks stat information unconditionally,
 	without regard to the "assume unchanged" setting.
 
---skip-worktree::
---no-skip-worktree::
+--[no-]skip-worktree::
 	When one of these flags is specified, the object name recorded
 	for the paths are not updated. Instead, these options
 	set and unset the "skip-worktree" bit for the paths. See
@@ -247,7 +245,7 @@ $ git update-index --index-info
 ------------
 
 The first line of the input feeds 0 as the mode to remove the
-path; the SHA1 does not matter as long as it is well formatted.
+path; the SHA-1 does not matter as long as it is well formatted.
 Then the second and third line feeds stage 1 and stage 2 entries
 for that path.  After the above, we would end up with this:
 
@@ -261,18 +259,18 @@ $ git ls-files -s
 Using ``assume unchanged'' bit
 ------------------------------
 
-Many operations in git depend on your filesystem to have an
+Many operations in Git depend on your filesystem to have an
 efficient `lstat(2)` implementation, so that `st_mtime`
 information for working tree files can be cheaply checked to see
 if the file contents have changed from the version recorded in
 the index file.  Unfortunately, some filesystems have
 inefficient `lstat(2)`.  If your filesystem is one of them, you
 can set "assume unchanged" bit to paths you have not changed to
-cause git not to do this check.  Note that setting this bit on a
-path does not mean git will check the contents of the file to
-see if it has changed -- it makes git to omit any checking and
+cause Git not to do this check.  Note that setting this bit on a
+path does not mean Git will check the contents of the file to
+see if it has changed -- it makes Git to omit any checking and
 assume it has *not* changed.  When you make changes to working
-tree files, you have to explicitly tell git about it by dropping
+tree files, you have to explicitly tell Git about it by dropping
 "assume unchanged" bit, either before or after you modify them.
 
 In order to set "assume unchanged" bit, use `--assume-unchanged`
@@ -282,7 +280,7 @@ have the "assume unchanged" bit set, use `git ls-files -v`
 
 The command looks at `core.ignorestat` configuration variable.  When
 this is true, paths updated with `git update-index paths...` and
-paths updated with other git commands that update both index and
+paths updated with other Git commands that update both index and
 working tree (e.g. 'git apply --index', 'git checkout-index -u',
 and 'git read-tree -u') are automatically marked as "assume
 unchanged".  Note that "assume unchanged" bit is *not* set if
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
index d377a35..0df13ff 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-ref.txt
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ in ref value.  Log lines are formatted as:
 Where "oldsha1" is the 40 character hexadecimal value previously
 stored in <ref>, "newsha1" is the 40 character hexadecimal value of
 <newvalue> and "committer" is the committer's name, email address
-and date in the standard GIT committer ident format.
+and date in the standard Git committer ident format.
 
 Optionally with -m:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt b/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
index 4d52d38..d09bbb5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-upload-archive.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Invoked by 'git archive --remote' and sends a generated archive to the
-other end over the git protocol.
+other end over the Git protocol.
 
 This command is usually not invoked directly by the end user.  The UI
 for the protocol is on the 'git archive' side, and the program pair
diff --git a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
index 71f1608..0abc806 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-upload-pack.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 
 --strict::
-	Do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no git directory.
+	Do not try <directory>/.git/ if <directory> is no Git directory.
 
 --timeout=<n>::
 	Interrupt transfer after <n> seconds of inactivity.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-var.txt b/Documentation/git-var.txt
index 67edf58..44ff954 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-var.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-var.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-var(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-var - Show a git logical variable
+git-var - Show a Git logical variable
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Prints a git logical variable.
+Prints a Git logical variable.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -l::
 	Cause the logical variables to be listed. In addition, all the
-	variables of the git configuration file .git/config are listed
+	variables of the Git configuration file .git/config are listed
 	as well. (However, the configuration variables listing functionality
 	is deprecated in favor of `git config -l`.)
 
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT::
     The author of a piece of code.
 
 GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT::
-    The person who put a piece of code into git.
+    The person who put a piece of code into Git.
 
 GIT_EDITOR::
-    Text editor for use by git commands.  The value is meant to be
+    Text editor for use by Git commands.  The value is meant to be
     interpreted by the shell when it is used.  Examples: `~/bin/vi`,
     `$SOME_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE`, `"C:\Program Files\Vim\gvim.exe"
     --nofork`.  The order of preference is the `$GIT_EDITOR`
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ ifdef::git-default-editor[]
 endif::git-default-editor[]
 
 GIT_PAGER::
-    Text viewer for use by git commands (e.g., 'less').  The value
+    Text viewer for use by Git commands (e.g., 'less').  The value
     is meant to be interpreted by the shell.  The order of preference
     is the `$GIT_PAGER` environment variable, then `core.pager`
     configuration, then `$PAGER`, and then the default chosen at
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
index cd23076..526ba7b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-verify-pack(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-verify-pack - Validate packed git archive files
+git-verify-pack - Validate packed Git archive files
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reads given idx file for packed git archive created with the
+Reads given idx file for packed Git archive created with the
 'git pack-objects' command and verifies idx file and the
 corresponding pack file.
 
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ OUTPUT FORMAT
 -------------
 When specifying the -v option the format used is:
 
-	SHA1 type size size-in-pack-file offset-in-packfile
+	SHA-1 type size size-in-pack-file offset-in-packfile
 
 for objects that are not deltified in the pack, and
 
-	SHA1 type size size-in-packfile offset-in-packfile depth base-SHA1
+	SHA-1 type size size-in-packfile offset-in-packfile depth base-SHA-1
 
 for objects that are deltified.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
index 5ff76e8..f88ba96 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-tag.txt
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	Print the contents of the tag object before validating it.
 
 <tag>...::
-	SHA1 identifiers of git tag objects.
+	SHA-1 identifiers of Git tag objects.
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
index c2bc87b..ba79cb4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-web{litdd}browse(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-web--browse - git helper script to launch a web browser
+git-web--browse - Git helper script to launch a web browser
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -c <conf.var>::
 --config=<conf.var>::
-	CONF.VAR is looked up in the git config files. If it's set,
+	CONF.VAR is looked up in the Git config files. If it's set,
 	then its value specifies the browser that should be used.
 
 CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
diff --git a/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt b/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
index 6c8f510..c600b61 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ This manual page describes only the most frequently used options.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -p::
-	Show textual diffs, instead of the git internal diff
+	Show textual diffs, instead of the Git internal diff
 	output format that is useful only to tell the changed
 	paths and their nature of changes.
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	exclusive, top inclusive).
 
 -r::
-	Show git internal diff output, but for the whole tree,
+	Show Git internal diff output, but for the whole tree,
 	not just the top level.
 
 -m::
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index 9129917..9e302b0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ commands.  The link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] has a more
 in-depth introduction.
 
 After you mastered the basic concepts, you can come back to this
-page to learn what commands git offers.  You can learn more about
-individual git commands with "git help command".  linkgit:gitcli[7]
+page to learn what commands Git offers.  You can learn more about
+individual Git commands with "git help command".  linkgit:gitcli[7]
 manual page gives you an overview of the command line command syntax.
 
-Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest git documentation
+Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest Git documentation
 can be viewed at `http://git-htmldocs.googlecode.com/git/git.html`.
 
 ifdef::stalenotes[]
@@ -39,10 +39,18 @@ ifdef::stalenotes[]
 ============
 
 You are reading the documentation for the latest (possibly
-unreleased) version of git, that is available from 'master'
+unreleased) version of Git, that is available from 'master'
 branch of the `git.git` repository.
 Documentation for older releases are available here:
 
+* link:v1.8.2.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.2.3]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.8.2.3.txt[1.8.2.3].
+  link:RelNotes/1.8.2.2.txt[1.8.2.2].
+  link:RelNotes/1.8.2.1.txt[1.8.2.1].
+  link:RelNotes/1.8.2.txt[1.8.2].
+
 * link:v1.8.1.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.1.6]
 
 * release notes for
@@ -360,12 +368,12 @@ endif::stalenotes[]
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --version::
-	Prints the git suite version that the 'git' program came from.
+	Prints the Git suite version that the 'git' program came from.
 
 --help::
 	Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used
 	commands. If the option '--all' or '-a' is given then all
-	available commands are printed. If a git command is named this
+	available commands are printed. If a Git command is named this
 	option will bring up the manual page for that command.
 +
 Other options are available to control how the manual page is
@@ -380,22 +388,22 @@ help ...`.
 	'git config' (subkeys separated by dots).
 
 --exec-path[=<path>]::
-	Path to wherever your core git programs are installed.
+	Path to wherever your core Git programs are installed.
 	This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_EXEC_PATH
 	environment variable. If no path is given, 'git' will print
 	the current setting and then exit.
 
 --html-path::
-	Print the path, without trailing slash, where git's HTML
+	Print the path, without trailing slash, where Git's HTML
 	documentation is installed and exit.
 
 --man-path::
 	Print the manpath (see `man(1)`) for the man pages for
-	this version of git and exit.
+	this version of Git and exit.
 
 --info-path::
 	Print the path where the Info files documenting this
-	version of git are installed and exit.
+	version of Git are installed and exit.
 
 -p::
 --paginate::
@@ -405,7 +413,7 @@ help ...`.
 	below).
 
 --no-pager::
-	Do not pipe git output into a pager.
+	Do not pipe Git output into a pager.
 
 --git-dir=<path>::
 	Set the path to the repository. This can also be controlled by
@@ -421,7 +429,7 @@ help ...`.
 	more detailed discussion).
 
 --namespace=<path>::
-	Set the git namespace.  See linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for more
+	Set the Git namespace.  See linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for more
 	details.  Equivalent to setting the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment
 	variable.
 
@@ -431,14 +439,19 @@ help ...`.
 	directory.
 
 --no-replace-objects::
-	Do not use replacement refs to replace git objects. See
+	Do not use replacement refs to replace Git objects. See
 	linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information.
 
+--literal-pathspecs::
+	Treat pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. This is
+	equivalent to setting the `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS` environment
+	variable to `1`.
+
 
 GIT COMMANDS
 ------------
 
-We divide git into high level ("porcelain") commands and low level
+We divide Git into high level ("porcelain") commands and low level
 ("plumbing") commands.
 
 High-level commands (porcelain)
@@ -475,7 +488,7 @@ include::cmds-foreignscminterface.txt[]
 Low-level commands (plumbing)
 -----------------------------
 
-Although git includes its
+Although Git includes its
 own porcelain layer, its low-level commands are sufficient to support
 development of alternative porcelains.  Developers of such porcelains
 might start by reading about linkgit:git-update-index[1] and
@@ -595,7 +608,7 @@ Identifier Terminology
 
 Symbolic Identifiers
 --------------------
-Any git command accepting any <object> can also use the following
+Any Git command accepting any <object> can also use the following
 symbolic notation:
 
 HEAD::
@@ -631,13 +644,13 @@ Please see linkgit:gitglossary[7].
 
 Environment Variables
 ---------------------
-Various git commands use the following environment variables:
+Various Git commands use the following environment variables:
 
-The git Repository
+The Git Repository
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-These environment variables apply to 'all' core git commands. Nb: it
+These environment variables apply to 'all' core Git commands. Nb: it
 is worth noting that they may be used/overridden by SCMS sitting above
-git so take care if using Cogito etc.
+Git so take care if using Cogito etc.
 
 'GIT_INDEX_FILE'::
 	This environment allows the specification of an alternate
@@ -651,10 +664,10 @@ git so take care if using Cogito etc.
 	directory is used.
 
 'GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES'::
-	Due to the immutable nature of git objects, old objects can be
+	Due to the immutable nature of Git objects, old objects can be
 	archived into shared, read-only directories. This variable
 	specifies a ":" separated (on Windows ";" separated) list
-	of git object directories which can be used to search for git
+	of Git object directories which can be used to search for Git
 	objects. New objects will not be written to these directories.
 
 'GIT_DIR'::
@@ -671,12 +684,12 @@ git so take care if using Cogito etc.
 	option and the core.worktree configuration variable.
 
 'GIT_NAMESPACE'::
-	Set the git namespace; see linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for details.
+	Set the Git namespace; see linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for details.
 	The '--namespace' command-line option also sets this value.
 
 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES'::
 	This should be a colon-separated list of absolute paths.  If
-	set, it is a list of directories that git should not chdir up
+	set, it is a list of directories that Git should not chdir up
 	into while looking for a repository directory (useful for
 	excluding slow-loading network directories).  It will not
 	exclude the current working directory or a GIT_DIR set on the
@@ -691,15 +704,15 @@ git so take care if using Cogito etc.
 
 'GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM'::
 	When run in a directory that does not have ".git" repository
-	directory, git tries to find such a directory in the parent
+	directory, Git tries to find such a directory in the parent
 	directories to find the top of the working tree, but by default it
 	does not cross filesystem boundaries.  This environment variable
-	can be set to true to tell git not to stop at filesystem
+	can be set to true to tell Git not to stop at filesystem
 	boundaries.  Like 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES', this will not affect
 	an explicit repository directory set via 'GIT_DIR' or on the
 	command line.
 
-git Commits
+Git Commits
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME'::
 'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL'::
@@ -710,13 +723,13 @@ git Commits
 'EMAIL'::
 	see linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]
 
-git Diffs
+Git Diffs
 ~~~~~~~~~
 'GIT_DIFF_OPTS'::
 	Only valid setting is "--unified=??" or "-u??" to set the
 	number of context lines shown when a unified diff is created.
 	This takes precedence over any "-U" or "--unified" option
-	value passed on the git diff command line.
+	value passed on the Git diff command line.
 
 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'::
 	When the environment variable 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is set, the
@@ -730,7 +743,7 @@ where:
 
 	<old|new>-file:: are files GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF can use to read the
                          contents of <old|new>,
-	<old|new>-hex:: are the 40-hexdigit SHA1 hashes,
+	<old|new>-hex:: are the 40-hexdigit SHA-1 hashes,
 	<old|new>-mode:: are the octal representation of the file modes.
 +
 The file parameters can point at the user's working file
@@ -751,13 +764,13 @@ other
 
 'GIT_PAGER'::
 	This environment variable overrides `$PAGER`. If it is set
-	to an empty string or to the value "cat", git will not launch
+	to an empty string or to the value "cat", Git will not launch
 	a pager.  See also the `core.pager` option in
 	linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 'GIT_EDITOR'::
 	This environment variable overrides `$EDITOR` and `$VISUAL`.
-	It is used by several git commands when, on interactive mode,
+	It is used by several Git commands when, on interactive mode,
 	an editor is to be launched. See also linkgit:git-var[1]
 	and the `core.editor` option in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
@@ -781,7 +794,7 @@ personal `.ssh/config` file.  Please consult your ssh documentation
 for further details.
 
 'GIT_ASKPASS'::
-	If this environment variable is set, then git commands which need to
+	If this environment variable is set, then Git commands which need to
 	acquire passwords or passphrases (e.g. for HTTP or IMAP authentication)
 	will call this program with a suitable prompt as command line argument
 	and read the password from its STDOUT. See also the 'core.askpass'
@@ -802,31 +815,41 @@ for further details.
 	after each commit-oriented record have been flushed.   If this
 	variable is set to "0", the output of these commands will be done
 	using completely buffered I/O.   If this environment variable is
-	not set, git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing
+	not set, Git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing
 	based on whether stdout appears to be redirected to a file or not.
 
 'GIT_TRACE'::
 	If this variable is set to "1", "2" or "true" (comparison
-	is case insensitive), git will print `trace:` messages on
+	is case insensitive), Git will print `trace:` messages on
 	stderr telling about alias expansion, built-in command
 	execution and external command execution.
 	If this variable is set to an integer value greater than 1
-	and lower than 10 (strictly) then git will interpret this
+	and lower than 10 (strictly) then Git will interpret this
 	value as an open file descriptor and will try to write the
 	trace messages into this file descriptor.
 	Alternatively, if this variable is set to an absolute path
-	(starting with a '/' character), git will interpret this
+	(starting with a '/' character), Git will interpret this
 	as a file path and will try to write the trace messages
 	into it.
 
+GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS::
+	Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
+	pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. For example,
+	running `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log -- '*.c'` will search
+	for commits that touch the path `*.c`, not any paths that the
+	glob `*.c` matches. You might want this if you are feeding
+	literal paths to Git (e.g., paths previously given to you by
+	`git ls-tree`, `--raw` diff output, etc).
+
+
 Discussion[[Discussion]]
 ------------------------
 
 More detail on the following is available from the
-link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[git concepts chapter of the
+link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[Git concepts chapter of the
 user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7].
 
-A git project normally consists of a working directory with a ".git"
+A Git project normally consists of a working directory with a ".git"
 subdirectory at the top level.  The .git directory contains, among other
 things, a compressed object database representing the complete history
 of the project, an "index" file which links that history to the current
@@ -843,7 +866,7 @@ The commit, equivalent to what other systems call a "changeset" or
 represents an immediately preceding step.  Commits with more than one
 parent represent merges of independent lines of development.
 
-All objects are named by the SHA1 hash of their contents, normally
+All objects are named by the SHA-1 hash of their contents, normally
 written as a string of 40 hex digits.  Such names are globally unique.
 The entire history leading up to a commit can be vouched for by signing
 just that commit.  A fourth object type, the tag, is provided for this
@@ -853,9 +876,9 @@ When first created, objects are stored in individual files, but for
 efficiency may later be compressed together into "pack files".
 
 Named pointers called refs mark interesting points in history.  A ref
-may contain the SHA1 name of an object or the name of another ref.  Refs
-with names beginning `ref/head/` contain the SHA1 name of the most
-recent commit (or "head") of a branch under development.  SHA1 names of
+may contain the SHA-1 name of an object or the name of another ref.  Refs
+with names beginning `ref/head/` contain the SHA-1 name of the most
+recent commit (or "head") of a branch under development.  SHA-1 names of
 tags of interest are stored under `ref/tags/`.  A special ref named
 `HEAD` contains the name of the currently checked-out branch.
 
@@ -876,12 +899,12 @@ FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
 ---------------------
 
 See the references in the "description" section to get started
-using git.  The following is probably more detail than necessary
+using Git.  The following is probably more detail than necessary
 for a first-time user.
 
-The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[git concepts chapter of the
+The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[Git concepts chapter of the
 user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] both provide
-introductions to the underlying git architecture.
+introductions to the underlying Git architecture.
 
 See linkgit:gitworkflows[7] for an overview of recommended workflows.
 
@@ -889,7 +912,7 @@ See also the link:howto-index.html[howto] documents for some useful
 examples.
 
 The internals are documented in the
-link:technical/api-index.html[GIT API documentation].
+link:technical/api-index.html[Git API documentation].
 
 Users migrating from CVS may also want to
 read linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
@@ -898,7 +921,7 @@ read linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
 Authors
 -------
 Git was started by Linus Torvalds, and is currently maintained by Junio
-C Hamano. Numerous contributions have come from the git mailing list
+C Hamano. Numerous contributions have come from the Git mailing list
 <git@vger.kernel.org>.  http://www.ohloh.net/p/git/contributors/summary
 gives you a more complete list of contributors.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
index 2698f63..b322a26 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ attribute.  The rules how the pattern matches paths are the
 same as in `.gitignore` files; see linkgit:gitignore[5].
 Unlike `.gitignore`, negative patterns are forbidden.
 
-When deciding what attributes are assigned to a path, git
+When deciding what attributes are assigned to a path, Git
 consults `$GIT_DIR/info/attributes` file (which has the highest
 precedence), `.gitattributes` file in the same directory as the
 path in question, and its parent directories up to the toplevel of the
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ the name of the attribute prefixed with an exclamation point `!`.
 EFFECTS
 -------
 
-Certain operations by git can be influenced by assigning
+Certain operations by Git can be influenced by assigning
 particular attributes to a path.  Currently, the following
 operations are attributes-aware.
 
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ Checking-out and checking-in
 These attributes affect how the contents stored in the
 repository are copied to the working tree files when commands
 such as 'git checkout' and 'git merge' run.  They also affect how
-git stores the contents you prepare in the working tree in the
+Git stores the contents you prepare in the working tree in the
 repository upon 'git add' and 'git commit'.
 
 `text`
@@ -124,22 +124,22 @@ Set::
 
 Unset::
 
-	Unsetting the `text` attribute on a path tells git not to
+	Unsetting the `text` attribute on a path tells Git not to
 	attempt any end-of-line conversion upon checkin or checkout.
 
 Set to string value "auto"::
 
 	When `text` is set to "auto", the path is marked for automatic
-	end-of-line normalization.  If git decides that the content is
+	end-of-line normalization.  If Git decides that the content is
 	text, its line endings are normalized to LF on checkin.
 
 Unspecified::
 
-	If the `text` attribute is unspecified, git uses the
+	If the `text` attribute is unspecified, Git uses the
 	`core.autocrlf` configuration variable to determine if the
 	file should be converted.
 
-Any other value causes git to act as if `text` has been left
+Any other value causes Git to act as if `text` has been left
 unspecified.
 
 `eol`
@@ -151,13 +151,13 @@ content checks, effectively setting the `text` attribute.
 
 Set to string value "crlf"::
 
-	This setting forces git to normalize line endings for this
+	This setting forces Git to normalize line endings for this
 	file on checkin and convert them to CRLF when the file is
 	checked out.
 
 Set to string value "lf"::
 
-	This setting forces git to normalize line endings to LF on
+	This setting forces Git to normalize line endings to LF on
 	checkin and prevents conversion to CRLF when the file is
 	checked out.
 
@@ -176,11 +176,11 @@ crlf=input	eol=lf
 End-of-line conversion
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-While git normally leaves file contents alone, it can be configured to
+While Git normally leaves file contents alone, it can be configured to
 normalize line endings to LF in the repository and, optionally, to
 convert them to CRLF when files are checked out.
 
-Here is an example that will make git normalize .txt, .vcproj and .sh
+Here is an example that will make Git normalize .txt, .vcproj and .sh
 files, ensure that .vcproj files have CRLF and .sh files have LF in
 the working directory, and prevent .jpg files from being normalized
 regardless of their content.
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ regardless of their content.
 
 Other source code management systems normalize all text files in their
 repositories, and there are two ways to enable similar automatic
-normalization in git.
+normalization in Git.
 
 If you simply want to have CRLF line endings in your working directory
 regardless of the repository you are working with, you can set the
@@ -219,9 +219,9 @@ attribute to "auto" for _all_ files.
 *	text=auto
 ------------------------
 
-This ensures that all files that git considers to be text will have
+This ensures that all files that Git considers to be text will have
 normalized (LF) line endings in the repository.  The `core.eol`
-configuration variable controls which line endings git will use for
+configuration variable controls which line endings Git will use for
 normalized files in your working directory; the default is to use the
 native line ending for your platform, or CRLF if `core.autocrlf` is
 set.
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ directory:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ echo "* text=auto" >>.gitattributes
-$ rm .git/index     # Remove the index to force git to
+$ rm .git/index     # Remove the index to force Git to
 $ git reset         # re-scan the working directory
 $ git status        # Show files that will be normalized
 $ git add -u
@@ -249,17 +249,17 @@ unset their `text` attribute before running 'git add -u'.
 manual.pdf	-text
 ------------------------
 
-Conversely, text files that git does not detect can have normalization
+Conversely, text files that Git does not detect can have normalization
 enabled manually.
 
 ------------------------
 weirdchars.txt	text
 ------------------------
 
-If `core.safecrlf` is set to "true" or "warn", git verifies if
+If `core.safecrlf` is set to "true" or "warn", Git verifies if
 the conversion is reversible for the current setting of
-`core.autocrlf`.  For "true", git rejects irreversible
-conversions; for "warn", git only prints a warning but accepts
+`core.autocrlf`.  For "true", Git rejects irreversible
+conversions; for "warn", Git only prints a warning but accepts
 an irreversible conversion.  The safety triggers to prevent such
 a conversion done to the files in the work tree, but there are a
 few exceptions.  Even though...
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ few exceptions.  Even though...
 `ident`
 ^^^^^^^
 
-When the attribute `ident` is set for a path, git replaces
+When the attribute `ident` is set for a path, Git replaces
 `$Id$` in the blob object with `$Id:`, followed by the
 40-character hexadecimal blob object name, followed by a dollar
 sign `$` upon checkout.  Any byte sequence that begins with
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ the appropriate filter program, the project should still be usable.
 
 Another use of the content filtering is to store the content that cannot
 be directly used in the repository (e.g. a UUID that refers to the true
-content stored outside git, or an encrypted content) and turn it into a
+content stored outside Git, or an encrypted content) and turn it into a
 usable form upon checkout (e.g. download the external content, or decrypt
 the encrypted content).
 
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ clean/smudge filter or text/eol/ident attributes, merging anything
 where the attribute is not in place would normally cause merge
 conflicts.
 
-To prevent these unnecessary merge conflicts, git can be told to run a
+To prevent these unnecessary merge conflicts, Git can be told to run a
 virtual check-out and check-in of all three stages of a file when
 resolving a three-way merge by setting the `merge.renormalize`
 configuration variable.  This prevents changes caused by check-in
@@ -417,11 +417,11 @@ Generating diff text
 `diff`
 ^^^^^^
 
-The attribute `diff` affects how 'git' generates diffs for particular
-files. It can tell git whether to generate a textual patch for the path
+The attribute `diff` affects how Git generates diffs for particular
+files. It can tell Git whether to generate a textual patch for the path
 or to treat the path as a binary file.  It can also affect what line is
-shown on the hunk header `@@ -k,l +n,m @@` line, tell git to use an
-external command to generate the diff, or ask git to convert binary
+shown on the hunk header `@@ -k,l +n,m @@` line, tell Git to use an
+external command to generate the diff, or ask Git to convert binary
 files to a text format before generating the diff.
 
 Set::
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ String::
 	specify one or more options, as described in the following
 	section. The options for the diff driver "foo" are defined
 	by the configuration variables in the "diff.foo" section of the
-	git config file.
+	Git config file.
 
 
 Defining an external diff driver
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ To define an external diff driver `jcdiff`, add a section to your
 	command = j-c-diff
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
-When git needs to show you a diff for the path with `diff`
+When Git needs to show you a diff for the path with `diff`
 attribute set to `jcdiff`, it calls the command you specified
 with the above configuration, i.e. `j-c-diff`, with 7
 parameters, just like `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` program is called.
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ should generate it separately and send it as a comment _in
 addition to_ the usual binary diff that you might send.
 
 Because text conversion can be slow, especially when doing a
-large number of them with `git log -p`, git provides a mechanism
+large number of them with `git log -p`, Git provides a mechanism
 to cache the output and use it in future diffs.  To enable
 caching, set the "cachetextconv" variable in your diff driver's
 config. For example:
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ config. For example:
 
 This will cache the result of running "exif" on each blob
 indefinitely. If you change the textconv config variable for a
-diff driver, git will automatically invalidate the cache entries
+diff driver, Git will automatically invalidate the cache entries
 and re-run the textconv filter. If you want to invalidate the
 cache manually (e.g., because your version of "exif" was updated
 and now produces better output), you can remove the cache
@@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ output to resemble unified diff. You are free to locate and report
 changes in the most appropriate way for your data format.
 
 A textconv, by comparison, is much more limiting. You provide a
-transformation of the data into a line-oriented text format, and git
+transformation of the data into a line-oriented text format, and Git
 uses its regular diff tools to generate the output. There are several
 advantages to choosing this method:
 
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ advantages to choosing this method:
    odt2txt).
 
 2. Git diff features. By performing only the transformation step
-   yourself, you can still utilize many of git's diff features,
+   yourself, you can still utilize many of Git's diff features,
    including colorization, word-diff, and combined diffs for merges.
 
 3. Caching. Textconv caching can speed up repeated diffs, such as those
@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ attribute in the `.gitattributes` file:
 *.ps -diff
 ------------------------
 
-This will cause git to generate `Binary files differ` (or a binary
+This will cause Git to generate `Binary files differ` (or a binary
 patch, if binary patches are enabled) instead of a regular diff.
 
 However, one may also want to specify other diff driver attributes. For
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ control per path.
 
 Set::
 
-	Notice all types of potential whitespace errors known to git.
+	Notice all types of potential whitespace errors known to Git.
 	The tab width is taken from the value of the `core.whitespace`
 	configuration variable.
 
@@ -863,7 +863,7 @@ archive files.
 `export-subst`
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-If the attribute `export-subst` is set for a file then git will expand
+If the attribute `export-subst` is set for a file then Git will expand
 several placeholders when adding this file to an archive.  The
 expansion depends on the availability of a commit ID, i.e., if
 linkgit:git-archive[1] has been given a tree instead of a commit or a
@@ -961,7 +961,7 @@ abc	-foo -bar
 the attributes given to path `t/abc` are computed as follows:
 
 1. By examining `t/.gitattributes` (which is in the same
-   directory as the path in question), git finds that the first
+   directory as the path in question), Git finds that the first
    line matches.  `merge` attribute is set.  It also finds that
    the second line matches, and attributes `foo` and `bar`
    are unset.
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcli.txt b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
index 3bc1500..9ac5088 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcli.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitcli(7)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitcli - git command line interface and conventions
+gitcli - Git command line interface and conventions
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ gitcli
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This manual describes the convention used throughout git CLI.
+This manual describes the convention used throughout Git CLI.
 
 Many commands take revisions (most often "commits", but sometimes
 "tree-ish", depending on the context and command) and paths as their
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ arguments.  Here are the rules:
    between the HEAD commit and the work tree as a whole".  You can say
    `git diff HEAD --` to ask for the latter.
 
- * Without disambiguating `--`, git makes a reasonable guess, but errors
+ * Without disambiguating `--`, Git makes a reasonable guess, but errors
    out and asking you to disambiguate when ambiguous.  E.g. if you have a
    file called HEAD in your work tree, `git diff HEAD` is ambiguous, and
    you have to say either `git diff HEAD --` or `git diff -- HEAD` to
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ see `hello.c` in your working tree with the former, but with the latter
 you will.
 
 Here are the rules regarding the "flags" that you should follow when you are
-scripting git:
+scripting Git:
 
- * it's preferred to use the non dashed form of git commands, which means that
+ * it's preferred to use the non dashed form of Git commands, which means that
    you should prefer `git foo` to `git-foo`.
 
  * splitting short options to separate words (prefer `git foo -a -b`
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ scripting git:
 
 ENHANCED OPTION PARSER
 ----------------------
-From the git 1.5.4 series and further, many git commands (not all of them at the
+From the Git 1.5.4 series and further, many Git commands (not all of them at the
 time of the writing though) come with an enhanced option parser.
 
 Here is a list of the facilities provided by this option parser.
@@ -107,17 +107,18 @@ couple of magic command line options:
 ---------------------------------------------
 $ git describe -h
 usage: git describe [options] <committish>*
+   or: git describe [options] --dirty
 
     --contains            find the tag that comes after the commit
     --debug               debug search strategy on stderr
-    --all                 use any ref in .git/refs
-    --tags                use any tag in .git/refs/tags
-    --abbrev [<n>]        use <n> digits to display SHA-1s
-    --candidates <n>      consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)
+    --all                 use any ref
+    --tags                use any tag, even unannotated
+    --long                always use long format
+    --abbrev[=<n>]        use <n> digits to display SHA-1s
 ---------------------------------------------
 
 --help-all::
-	Some git commands take options that are only used for plumbing or that
+	Some Git commands take options that are only used for plumbing or that
 	are deprecated, and such options are hidden from the default usage. This
 	option gives the full list of options.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
index 5325c5a..f538a87 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitcore-tutorial(7)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitcore-tutorial - A git core tutorial for developers
+gitcore-tutorial - A Git core tutorial for developers
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -12,17 +12,17 @@ git *
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This tutorial explains how to use the "core" git commands to set up and
-work with a git repository.
+This tutorial explains how to use the "core" Git commands to set up and
+work with a Git repository.
 
-If you just need to use git as a revision control system you may prefer
-to start with "A Tutorial Introduction to GIT" (linkgit:gittutorial[7]) or
-link:user-manual.html[the GIT User Manual].
+If you just need to use Git as a revision control system you may prefer
+to start with "A Tutorial Introduction to Git" (linkgit:gittutorial[7]) or
+link:user-manual.html[the Git User Manual].
 
 However, an understanding of these low-level tools can be helpful if
-you want to understand git's internals.
+you want to understand Git's internals.
 
-The core git is often called "plumbing", with the prettier user
+The core Git is often called "plumbing", with the prettier user
 interfaces on top of it called "porcelain". You may not want to use the
 plumbing directly very often, but it can be good to know what the
 plumbing does for when the porcelain isn't flushing.
@@ -40,19 +40,19 @@ Deeper technical details are often marked as Notes, which you can
 skip on your first reading.
 
 
-Creating a git repository
+Creating a Git repository
 -------------------------
 
-Creating a new git repository couldn't be easier: all git repositories start
+Creating a new Git repository couldn't be easier: all Git repositories start
 out empty, and the only thing you need to do is find yourself a
 subdirectory that you want to use as a working tree - either an empty
 one for a totally new project, or an existing working tree that you want
-to import into git.
+to import into Git.
 
 For our first example, we're going to start a totally new repository from
 scratch, with no pre-existing files, and we'll call it 'git-tutorial'.
 To start up, create a subdirectory for it, change into that
-subdirectory, and initialize the git infrastructure with 'git init':
+subdirectory, and initialize the Git infrastructure with 'git init':
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ mkdir git-tutorial
@@ -60,13 +60,13 @@ $ cd git-tutorial
 $ git init
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-to which git will reply
+to which Git will reply
 
 ----------------
 Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
 ----------------
 
-which is just git's way of saying that you haven't been doing anything
+which is just Git's way of saying that you haven't been doing anything
 strange, and that it will have created a local `.git` directory setup for
 your new project. You will now have a `.git` directory, and you can
 inspect that with 'ls'. For your new empty project, it should show you
@@ -102,13 +102,13 @@ start out expecting to work on the `master` branch.
 
 However, this is only a convention, and you can name your branches
 anything you want, and don't have to ever even 'have' a `master`
-branch. A number of the git tools will assume that `.git/HEAD` is
+branch. A number of the Git tools will assume that `.git/HEAD` is
 valid, though.
 
 [NOTE]
-An 'object' is identified by its 160-bit SHA1 hash, aka 'object name',
+An 'object' is identified by its 160-bit SHA-1 hash, aka 'object name',
 and a reference to an object is always the 40-byte hex
-representation of that SHA1 name. The files in the `refs`
+representation of that SHA-1 name. The files in the `refs`
 subdirectory are expected to contain these hex references
 (usually with a final `\n` at the end), and you should thus
 expect to see a number of 41-byte files containing these
@@ -119,18 +119,18 @@ populating your tree.
 An advanced user may want to take a look at linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5]
 after finishing this tutorial.
 
-You have now created your first git repository. Of course, since it's
+You have now created your first Git repository. Of course, since it's
 empty, that's not very useful, so let's start populating it with data.
 
 
-Populating a git repository
+Populating a Git repository
 ---------------------------
 
 We'll keep this simple and stupid, so we'll start off with populating a
 few trivial files just to get a feel for it.
 
 Start off with just creating any random files that you want to maintain
-in your git repository. We'll start off with a few bad examples, just to
+in your Git repository. We'll start off with a few bad examples, just to
 get a feel for how this works:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ but to actually check in your hard work, you will have to go through two steps:
 
  - commit that index file as an object.
 
-The first step is trivial: when you want to tell git about any changes
+The first step is trivial: when you want to tell Git about any changes
 to your working tree, you use the 'git update-index' program. That
 program normally just takes a list of filenames you want to update, but
 to avoid trivial mistakes, it refuses to add new entries to the index
@@ -160,10 +160,10 @@ So to populate the index with the two files you just created, you can do
 $ git update-index --add hello example
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and you have now told git to track those two files.
+and you have now told Git to track those two files.
 
 In fact, as you did that, if you now look into your object directory,
-you'll notice that git will have added two new objects to the object
+you'll notice that Git will have added two new objects to the object
 database. If you did exactly the steps above, you should now be able to do
 
 
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ $ git cat-file -t 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238
 ----------------
 
 where the `-t` tells 'git cat-file' to tell you what the "type" of the
-object is. git will tell you that you have a "blob" object (i.e., just a
+object is. Git will tell you that you have a "blob" object (i.e., just a
 regular file), and you can see the contents with
 
 ----------------
@@ -214,28 +214,28 @@ Anyway, as we mentioned previously, you normally never actually take a
 look at the objects themselves, and typing long 40-character hex
 names is not something you'd normally want to do. The above digression
 was just to show that 'git update-index' did something magical, and
-actually saved away the contents of your files into the git object
+actually saved away the contents of your files into the Git object
 database.
 
 Updating the index did something else too: it created a `.git/index`
 file. This is the index that describes your current working tree, and
 something you should be very aware of. Again, you normally never worry
 about the index file itself, but you should be aware of the fact that
-you have not actually really "checked in" your files into git so far,
-you've only *told* git about them.
+you have not actually really "checked in" your files into Git so far,
+you've only *told* Git about them.
 
-However, since git knows about them, you can now start using some of the
-most basic git commands to manipulate the files or look at their status.
+However, since Git knows about them, you can now start using some of the
+most basic Git commands to manipulate the files or look at their status.
 
-In particular, let's not even check in the two files into git yet, we'll
+In particular, let's not even check in the two files into Git yet, we'll
 start off by adding another line to `hello` first:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ echo "It's a new day for git" >>hello
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and you can now, since you told git about the previous state of `hello`, ask
-git what has changed in the tree compared to your old index, using the
+and you can now, since you told Git about the previous state of `hello`, ask
+Git what has changed in the tree compared to your old index, using the
 'git diff-files' command:
 
 ------------
@@ -282,11 +282,11 @@ index 557db03..263414f 100644
 ------------
 
 
-Committing git state
+Committing Git state
 --------------------
 
-Now, we want to go to the next stage in git, which is to take the files
-that git knows about in the index, and commit them as a real tree. We do
+Now, we want to go to the next stage in Git, which is to take the files
+that Git knows about in the index, and commit them as a real tree. We do
 that in two phases: creating a 'tree' object, and committing that 'tree'
 object as a 'commit' object together with an explanation of what the
 tree was all about, along with information of how we came to that state.
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ There are no options or other input: `git write-tree` will take the
 current index state, and write an object that describes that whole
 index. In other words, we're now tying together all the different
 filenames with their contents (and their permissions), and we're
-creating the equivalent of a git "directory" object:
+creating the equivalent of a Git "directory" object:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git write-tree
@@ -415,9 +415,9 @@ regardless of whether the `--cached` flag is used or not. The `--cached`
 flag really only determines whether the file *contents* to be compared
 come from the working tree or not.
 
-This is not hard to understand, as soon as you realize that git simply
+This is not hard to understand, as soon as you realize that Git simply
 never knows (or cares) about files that it is not told about
-explicitly. git will never go *looking* for files to compare, it
+explicitly. Git will never go *looking* for files to compare, it
 expects you to tell it what the files are, and that's what the index
 is there for.
 ================
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ update the index cache:
 $ git update-index hello
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-(note how we didn't need the `--add` flag this time, since git knew
+(note how we didn't need the `--add` flag this time, since Git knew
 about the file already).
 
 Note what happens to the different 'git diff-{asterisk}' versions here.
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ this point (you can continue to edit things and update the index), you
 can just leave an empty message. Otherwise `git commit` will commit
 the change for you.
 
-You've now made your first real git commit. And if you're interested in
+You've now made your first real Git commit. And if you're interested in
 looking at what `git commit` really does, feel free to investigate:
 it's a few very simple shell scripts to generate the helpful (?) commit
 message headers, and a few one-liners that actually do the
@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ all, but just show the actual commit message.
 In fact, together with the 'git rev-list' program (which generates a
 list of revisions), 'git diff-tree' ends up being a veritable fount of
 changes. A trivial (but very useful) script called 'git whatchanged' is
-included with git which does exactly this, and shows a log of recent
+included with Git which does exactly this, and shows a log of recent
 activities.
 
 To see the whole history of our pitiful little git-tutorial project, you
@@ -563,19 +563,19 @@ the log.showroot configuration variable to false. Having this, you
 can still show it for each command just adding the `--root` option,
 which is a flag for 'git diff-tree' accepted by both commands.
 
-With that, you should now be having some inkling of what git does, and
+With that, you should now be having some inkling of what Git does, and
 can explore on your own.
 
 [NOTE]
 Most likely, you are not directly using the core
-git Plumbing commands, but using Porcelain such as 'git add', `git-rm'
+Git Plumbing commands, but using Porcelain such as 'git add', `git-rm'
 and `git-commit'.
 
 
 Tagging a version
 -----------------
 
-In git, there are two kinds of tags, a "light" one, and an "annotated tag".
+In Git, there are two kinds of tags, a "light" one, and an "annotated tag".
 
 A "light" tag is technically nothing more than a branch, except we put
 it in the `.git/refs/tags/` subdirectory instead of calling it a `head`.
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ obviously be an empty diff, but if you continue to develop and commit
 stuff, you can use your tag as an "anchor-point" to see what has changed
 since you tagged it.
 
-An "annotated tag" is actually a real git object, and contains not only a
+An "annotated tag" is actually a real Git object, and contains not only a
 pointer to the state you want to tag, but also a small tag name and
 message, along with optionally a PGP signature that says that yes,
 you really did
@@ -623,17 +623,17 @@ name for the state at that point.
 Copying repositories
 --------------------
 
-git repositories are normally totally self-sufficient and relocatable.
+Git repositories are normally totally self-sufficient and relocatable.
 Unlike CVS, for example, there is no separate notion of
-"repository" and "working tree". A git repository normally *is* the
-working tree, with the local git information hidden in the `.git`
+"repository" and "working tree". A Git repository normally *is* the
+working tree, with the local Git information hidden in the `.git`
 subdirectory. There is nothing else. What you see is what you got.
 
 [NOTE]
-You can tell git to split the git internal information from
+You can tell Git to split the Git internal information from
 the directory that it tracks, but we'll ignore that for now: it's not
 how normal projects work, and it's really only meant for special uses.
-So the mental model of "the git information is always tied directly to
+So the mental model of "the Git information is always tied directly to
 the working tree that it describes" may not be technically 100%
 accurate, but it's a good model for all normal use.
 
@@ -649,13 +649,13 @@ $ rm -rf git-tutorial
 and it will be gone. There's no external repository, and there's no
 history outside the project you created.
 
- - if you want to move or duplicate a git repository, you can do so. There
+ - if you want to move or duplicate a Git repository, you can do so. There
    is 'git clone' command, but if all you want to do is just to
    create a copy of your repository (with all the full history that
    went along with it), you can do so with a regular
    `cp -a git-tutorial new-git-tutorial`.
 +
-Note that when you've moved or copied a git repository, your git index
+Note that when you've moved or copied a Git repository, your Git index
 file (which caches various information, notably some of the "stat"
 information for the files involved) will likely need to be refreshed.
 So after you do a `cp -a` to create a new copy, you'll want to do
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ $ git update-index --refresh
 in the new repository to make sure that the index file is up-to-date.
 
 Note that the second point is true even across machines. You can
-duplicate a remote git repository with *any* regular copy mechanism, be it
+duplicate a remote Git repository with *any* regular copy mechanism, be it
 'scp', 'rsync' or 'wget'.
 
 When copying a remote repository, you'll want to at a minimum update the
@@ -694,23 +694,23 @@ The above can also be written as simply
 $ git reset
 ----------------
 
-and in fact a lot of the common git command combinations can be scripted
+and in fact a lot of the common Git command combinations can be scripted
 with the `git xyz` interfaces.  You can learn things by just looking
 at what the various git scripts do.  For example, `git reset` used to be
 the above two lines implemented in 'git reset', but some things like
 'git status' and 'git commit' are slightly more complex scripts around
-the basic git commands.
+the basic Git commands.
 
 Many (most?) public remote repositories will not contain any of
 the checked out files or even an index file, and will *only* contain the
-actual core git files. Such a repository usually doesn't even have the
-`.git` subdirectory, but has all the git files directly in the
+actual core Git files. Such a repository usually doesn't even have the
+`.git` subdirectory, but has all the Git files directly in the
 repository.
 
-To create your own local live copy of such a "raw" git repository, you'd
+To create your own local live copy of such a "raw" Git repository, you'd
 first create your own subdirectory for the project, and then copy the
 raw repository contents into the `.git` directory. For example, to
-create your own copy of the git repository, you'd do the following
+create your own copy of the Git repository, you'd do the following
 
 ----------------
 $ mkdir my-git
@@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ $ git read-tree HEAD
 ----------------
 
 to populate the index. However, now you have populated the index, and
-you have all the git internal files, but you will notice that you don't
+you have all the Git internal files, but you will notice that you don't
 actually have any of the working tree files to work on. To get
 those, you'd check them out with
 
@@ -757,13 +757,13 @@ repository, and checked it out.
 Creating a new branch
 ---------------------
 
-Branches in git are really nothing more than pointers into the git
+Branches in Git are really nothing more than pointers into the Git
 object database from within the `.git/refs/` subdirectory, and as we
 already discussed, the `HEAD` branch is nothing but a symlink to one of
 these object pointers.
 
 You can at any time create a new branch by just picking an arbitrary
-point in the project history, and just writing the SHA1 name of that
+point in the project history, and just writing the SHA-1 name of that
 object into a file under `.git/refs/heads/`. You can use any filename you
 want (and indeed, subdirectories), but the convention is that the
 "normal" branch is called `master`. That's just a convention, though,
@@ -849,7 +849,7 @@ $ git commit -m "Some work." -i hello
 Here, we just added another line to `hello`, and we used a shorthand for
 doing both `git update-index hello` and `git commit` by just giving the
 filename directly to `git commit`, with an `-i` flag (it tells
-git to 'include' that file in addition to what you have done to
+Git to 'include' that file in addition to what you have done to
 the index file so far when making the commit).  The `-m` flag is to give the
 commit log message from the command line.
 
@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ where the first argument is going to be used as the commit message if
 the merge can be resolved automatically.
 
 Now, in this case we've intentionally created a situation where the
-merge will need to be fixed up by hand, though, so git will do as much
+merge will need to be fixed up by hand, though, so Git will do as much
 of it as it can automatically (which in this case is just merge the `example`
 file, which had no differences in the `mybranch` branch), and say:
 
@@ -939,7 +939,7 @@ After you're done, start up `gitk --all` to see graphically what the
 history looks like. Notice that `mybranch` still exists, and you can
 switch to it, and continue to work with it if you want to. The
 `mybranch` branch will not contain the merge, but next time you merge it
-from the `master` branch, git will know how you merged it, so you'll not
+from the `master` branch, Git will know how you merged it, so you'll not
 have to do _that_ merge again.
 
 Another useful tool, especially if you do not always work in X-Window
@@ -1028,7 +1028,7 @@ Merging external work
 ---------------------
 
 It's usually much more common that you merge with somebody else than
-merging with your own branches, so it's worth pointing out that git
+merging with your own branches, so it's worth pointing out that Git
 makes that very easy too, and in fact, it's not that different from
 doing a 'git merge'. In fact, a remote merge ends up being nothing
 more than "fetch the work from a remote repository into a temporary tag"
@@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@ and requires you to have a log-in privilege over `ssh` to the
 remote machine.  It finds out the set of objects the other side
 lacks by exchanging the head commits both ends have and
 transfers (close to) minimum set of objects.  It is by far the
-most efficient way to exchange git objects between repositories.
+most efficient way to exchange Git objects between repositories.
 
 Local directory::
 	`/path/to/repo.git/`
@@ -1077,7 +1077,7 @@ This transport is the same as SSH transport but uses 'sh' to run
 both ends on the local machine instead of running other end on
 the remote machine via 'ssh'.
 
-git Native::
+Git Native::
 	`git://remote.machine/path/to/repo.git/`
 +
 This transport was designed for anonymous downloading.  Like SSH
@@ -1099,8 +1099,8 @@ necessary objects.  Because of this behavior, they are
 sometimes also called 'commit walkers'.
 +
 The 'commit walkers' are sometimes also called 'dumb
-transports', because they do not require any git aware smart
-server like git Native transport does.  Any stock HTTP server
+transports', because they do not require any Git aware smart
+server like Git Native transport does.  Any stock HTTP server
 that does not even support directory index would suffice.  But
 you must prepare your repository with 'git update-server-info'
 to help dumb transport downloaders.
@@ -1233,7 +1233,7 @@ file (the first tree goes to stage 1, the second to stage 2,
 etc.).  After reading three trees into three stages, the paths
 that are the same in all three stages are 'collapsed' into stage
 0.  Also paths that are the same in two of three stages are
-collapsed into stage 0, taking the SHA1 from either stage 2 or
+collapsed into stage 0, taking the SHA-1 from either stage 2 or
 stage 3, whichever is different from stage 1 (i.e. only one side
 changed from the common ancestor).
 
@@ -1321,7 +1321,7 @@ update the public repository from it. This is often called
 
 [NOTE]
 This public repository could further be mirrored, and that is
-how git repositories at `kernel.org` are managed.
+how Git repositories at `kernel.org` are managed.
 
 Publishing the changes from your local (private) repository to
 your remote (public) repository requires a write privilege on
@@ -1340,7 +1340,7 @@ done only once.
 on the remote machine. The communication between the two over
 the network internally uses an SSH connection.
 
-Your private repository's git directory is usually `.git`, but
+Your private repository's Git directory is usually `.git`, but
 your public repository is often named after the project name,
 i.e. `<project>.git`. Let's create such a public repository for
 project `my-git`. After logging into the remote machine, create
@@ -1350,7 +1350,7 @@ an empty directory:
 $ mkdir my-git.git
 ------------
 
-Then, make that directory into a git repository by running
+Then, make that directory into a Git repository by running
 'git init', but this time, since its name is not the usual
 `.git`, we do things slightly differently:
 
@@ -1389,7 +1389,7 @@ This synchronizes your public repository to match the named
 branch head (i.e. `master` in this case) and objects reachable
 from them in your current repository.
 
-As a real example, this is how I update my public git
+As a real example, this is how I update my public Git
 repository. Kernel.org mirror network takes care of the
 propagation to other publicly visible machines:
 
@@ -1402,9 +1402,9 @@ Packing your repository
 -----------------------
 
 Earlier, we saw that one file under `.git/objects/??/` directory
-is stored for each git object you create. This representation
+is stored for each Git object you create. This representation
 is efficient to create atomically and safely, but
-not so convenient to transport over the network. Since git objects are
+not so convenient to transport over the network. Since Git objects are
 immutable once they are created, there is a way to optimize the
 storage by "packing them together". The command
 
@@ -1472,14 +1472,14 @@ repositories every once in a while.
 Working with Others
 -------------------
 
-Although git is a truly distributed system, it is often
+Although Git is a truly distributed system, it is often
 convenient to organize your project with an informal hierarchy
 of developers. Linux kernel development is run this way. There
 is a nice illustration (page 17, "Merges to Mainline") in
 link:http://www.xenotime.net/linux/mentor/linux-mentoring-2006.pdf[Randy Dunlap's presentation].
 
 It should be stressed that this hierarchy is purely *informal*.
-There is nothing fundamental in git that enforces the "chain of
+There is nothing fundamental in Git that enforces the "chain of
 patch flow" this hierarchy implies. You do not have to pull
 from only one remote repository.
 
@@ -1592,7 +1592,7 @@ Working with Others, Shared Repository Style
 
 If you are coming from CVS background, the style of cooperation
 suggested in the previous section may be new to you. You do not
-have to worry. git supports "shared public repository" style of
+have to worry. Git supports "shared public repository" style of
 cooperation you are probably more familiar with as well.
 
 See linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7] for the details.
@@ -1602,7 +1602,7 @@ Bundling your work together
 
 It is likely that you will be working on more than one thing at
 a time.  It is easy to manage those more-or-less independent tasks
-using branches with git.
+using branches with Git.
 
 We have already seen how branches work previously,
 with "fun and work" example using two branches.  The idea is the
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt b/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt
index 7dfffc0..47576be 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitcredentials(7)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitcredentials - providing usernames and passwords to git
+gitcredentials - providing usernames and passwords to Git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Git will sometimes need credentials from the user in order to perform
 operations; for example, it may need to ask for a username and password
 in order to access a remote repository over HTTP. This manual describes
-the mechanisms git uses to request these credentials, as well as some
+the mechanisms Git uses to request these credentials, as well as some
 features to avoid inputting these credentials repeatedly.
 
 REQUESTING CREDENTIALS
 ----------------------
 
-Without any credential helpers defined, git will try the following
+Without any credential helpers defined, Git will try the following
 strategies to ask the user for usernames and passwords:
 
 1. If the `GIT_ASKPASS` environment variable is set, the program
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ for a password. It is generally configured by adding this to your config:
 	username = me
 ---------------------------------------
 
-Credential helpers, on the other hand, are external programs from which git can
+Credential helpers, on the other hand, are external programs from which Git can
 request both usernames and passwords; they typically interface with secure
 storage provided by the OS or other programs.
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ store::
 You may also have third-party helpers installed; search for
 `credential-*` in the output of `git help -a`, and consult the
 documentation of individual helpers.  Once you have selected a helper,
-you can tell git to use it by putting its name into the
+you can tell Git to use it by putting its name into the
 credential.helper variable.
 
 1. Find a helper.
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ credential-foo
 $ git help credential-foo
 -------------------------------------------
 
-3. Tell git to use it.
+3. Tell Git to use it.
 +
 -------------------------------------------
 $ git config --global credential.helper foo
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ $ git config --global credential.helper foo
 
 If there are multiple instances of the `credential.helper` configuration
 variable, each helper will be tried in turn, and may provide a username,
-password, or nothing. Once git has acquired both a username and a
+password, or nothing. Once Git has acquired both a username and a
 password, no more helpers will be tried.
 
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Git considers each credential to have a context defined by a URL. This context
 is used to look up context-specific configuration, and is passed to any
 helpers, which may use it as an index into secure storage.
 
-For instance, imagine we are accessing `https://example.com/foo.git`. When git
+For instance, imagine we are accessing `https://example.com/foo.git`. When Git
 looks into a config file to see if a section matches this context, it will
 consider the two a match if the context is a more-specific subset of the
 pattern in the config file. For example, if you have this in your config file:
@@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ context would not match:
 	username = foo
 --------------------------------------
 
-because the hostnames differ. Nor would it match `foo.example.com`; git
+because the hostnames differ. Nor would it match `foo.example.com`; Git
 compares hostnames exactly, without considering whether two hosts are part of
 the same domain. Likewise, a config entry for `http://example.com` would not
-match: git compares the protocols exactly.
+match: Git compares the protocols exactly.
 
 
 CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ username::
 
 useHttpPath::
 
-	By default, git does not consider the "path" component of an http URL
+	By default, Git does not consider the "path" component of an http URL
 	to be worth matching via external helpers. This means that a credential
 	stored for `https://example.com/foo.git` will also be used for
 	`https://example.com/bar.git`. If you do want to distinguish these
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ CUSTOM HELPERS
 --------------
 
 You can write your own custom helpers to interface with any system in
-which you keep credentials. See the documentation for git's
+which you keep credentials. See the documentation for Git's
 link:technical/api-credentials.html[credentials API] for details.
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
index aeb0cdc..5ab5b07 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitcvs-migration(7)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitcvs-migration - git for CVS users
+gitcvs-migration - Git for CVS users
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ important than any other.  However, you can emulate the CVS model by
 designating a single shared repository which people can synchronize with;
 this document explains how to do that.
 
-Some basic familiarity with git is required. Having gone through
+Some basic familiarity with Git is required. Having gone through
 linkgit:gittutorial[7] and
 linkgit:gitglossary[7] should be sufficient.
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ other than `master`.
 Setting Up a Shared Repository
 ------------------------------
 
-We assume you have already created a git repository for your project,
+We assume you have already created a Git repository for your project,
 possibly created from scratch or from a tarball (see
 linkgit:gittutorial[7]), or imported from an already existing CVS
 repository (see the next section).
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Next, give every team member read/write access to this repository.  One
 easy way to do this is to give all the team members ssh access to the
 machine where the repository is hosted.  If you don't want to give them a
 full shell on the machine, there is a restricted shell which only allows
-users to do git pushes and pulls; see linkgit:git-shell[1].
+users to do Git pushes and pulls; see linkgit:git-shell[1].
 
 Put all the committers in the same group, and make the repository
 writable by that group:
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ of the project you are interested in and run linkgit:git-cvsimport[1]:
 $ git cvsimport -C <destination> <module>
 -------------------------------------------
 
-This puts a git archive of the named CVS module in the directory
+This puts a Git archive of the named CVS module in the directory
 <destination>, which will be created if necessary.
 
 The import checks out from CVS every revision of every file.  Reportedly
@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ cvsimport can average some twenty revisions per second, so for a
 medium-sized project this should not take more than a couple of minutes.
 Larger projects or remote repositories may take longer.
 
-The main trunk is stored in the git branch named `origin`, and additional
-CVS branches are stored in git branches with the same names.  The most
+The main trunk is stored in the Git branch named `origin`, and additional
+CVS branches are stored in Git branches with the same names.  The most
 recent version of the main trunk is also left checked out on the `master`
 branch, so you can start adding your own changes right away.
 
@@ -160,10 +160,10 @@ You can enforce finer grained permissions using update hooks.  See
 link:howto/update-hook-example.txt[Controlling access to branches using
 update hooks].
 
-Providing CVS Access to a git Repository
+Providing CVS Access to a Git Repository
 ----------------------------------------
 
-It is also possible to provide true CVS access to a git repository, so
+It is also possible to provide true CVS access to a Git repository, so
 that developers can still use CVS; see linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for
 details.
 
@@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ Alternative Development Models
 ------------------------------
 
 CVS users are accustomed to giving a group of developers commit access to
-a common repository.  As we've seen, this is also possible with git.
-However, the distributed nature of git allows other development models,
+a common repository.  As we've seen, this is also possible with Git.
+However, the distributed nature of Git allows other development models,
 and you may want to first consider whether one of them might be a better
 fit for your project.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
index daf1782..568d757 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ it changes it to:
 For the purpose of breaking a filepair, diffcore-break examines
 the extent of changes between the contents of the files before
 and after modification (i.e. the contents that have "bcd1234..."
-and "0123456..." as their SHA1 content ID, in the above
+and "0123456..." as their SHA-1 content ID, in the above
 example).  The amount of deletion of original contents and
 insertion of new material are added together, and if it exceeds
 the "break score", the filepair is broken into two.  The break
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ pattern.  Filepairs that match a glob pattern on an earlier line
 in the file are output before ones that match a later line, and
 filepairs that do not match any glob pattern are output last.
 
-As an example, a typical orderfile for the core git probably
+As an example, a typical orderfile for the core Git probably
 would look like this:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/gitglossary.txt b/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
index d77a45a..e52de7d 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitglossary.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitglossary(7)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitglossary - A GIT Glossary
+gitglossary - A Git Glossary
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ SEE ALSO
 linkgit:gittutorial[7],
 linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
 linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
-link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
+link:everyday.html[Everyday Git],
 link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt
index 4eed86b..d48bf4d 100644
--- a/Documentation/githooks.txt
+++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ githooks(5)
 
 NAME
 ----
-githooks - Hooks used by git
+githooks - Hooks used by Git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ given); `template` (if a `-t` option was given or the
 configuration option `commit.template` is set); `merge` (if the
 commit is a merge or a `.git/MERGE_MSG` file exists); `squash`
 (if a `.git/SQUASH_MSG` file exists); or `commit`, followed by
-a commit SHA1 (if a `-c`, `-C` or `--amend` option was given).
+a commit SHA-1 (if a `-c`, `-C` or `--amend` option was given).
 
 If the exit status is non-zero, 'git commit' will abort.
 
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ it is not suppressed by the `--no-verify` option.  A non-zero exit
 means a failure of the hook and aborts the commit.  It should not
 be used as replacement for pre-commit hook.
 
-The sample `prepare-commit-msg` hook that comes with git comments
+The sample `prepare-commit-msg` hook that comes with Git comments
 out the `Conflicts:` part of a merge's commit message.
 
 commit-msg
@@ -178,6 +178,35 @@ save and restore any form of metadata associated with the working tree
 (eg: permissions/ownership, ACLS, etc).  See contrib/hooks/setgitperms.perl
 for an example of how to do this.
 
+pre-push
+~~~~~~~~
+
+This hook is called by 'git push' and can be used to prevent a push from taking
+place.  The hook is called with two parameters which provide the name and
+location of the destination remote, if a named remote is not being used both
+values will be the same.
+
+Information about what is to be pushed is provided on the hook's standard
+input with lines of the form:
+
+  <local ref> SP <local sha1> SP <remote ref> SP <remote sha1> LF
+
+For instance, if the command +git push origin master:foreign+ were run the
+hook would receive a line like the following:
+
+  refs/heads/master 67890 refs/heads/foreign 12345
+
+although the full, 40-character SHA-1s would be supplied.  If the foreign ref
+does not yet exist the `<remote SHA-1>` will be 40 `0`.  If a ref is to be
+deleted, the `<local ref>` will be supplied as `(delete)` and the `<local
+SHA-1>` will be 40 `0`.  If the local commit was specified by something other
+than a name which could be expanded (such as `HEAD~`, or a SHA-1) it will be
+supplied as it was originally given.
+
+If this hook exits with a non-zero status, 'git push' will abort without
+pushing anything.  Information about why the push is rejected may be sent
+to the user by writing to standard error.
+
 [[pre-receive]]
 pre-receive
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -277,7 +306,7 @@ for the user.
 
 The default 'post-receive' hook is empty, but there is
 a sample script `post-receive-email` provided in the `contrib/hooks`
-directory in git distribution, which implements sending commit
+directory in Git distribution, which implements sending commit
 emails.
 
 [[post-update]]
@@ -305,7 +334,7 @@ them.
 When enabled, the default 'post-update' hook runs
 'git update-server-info' to keep the information used by dumb
 transports (e.g., HTTP) up-to-date.  If you are publishing
-a git repository that is accessible via HTTP, you should
+a Git repository that is accessible via HTTP, you should
 probably enable this hook.
 
 Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
diff --git a/Documentation/gitignore.txt b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
index 1b82fe1..54e334e 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitignore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 A `gitignore` file specifies intentionally untracked files that
-git should ignore.
-Files already tracked by git are not affected; see the NOTES
+Git should ignore.
+Files already tracked by Git are not affected; see the NOTES
 below for details.
 
 Each line in a `gitignore` file specifies a pattern.
-When deciding whether to ignore a path, git normally checks
+When deciding whether to ignore a path, Git normally checks
 `gitignore` patterns from multiple sources, with the following
 order of precedence, from highest to lowest (within one level of
 precedence, the last matching pattern decides the outcome):
@@ -53,17 +53,17 @@ be used.
    the repository but are specific to one user's workflow) should go into
    the `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude` file.
 
- * Patterns which a user wants git to
+ * Patterns which a user wants Git to
    ignore in all situations (e.g., backup or temporary files generated by
    the user's editor of choice) generally go into a file specified by
    `core.excludesfile` in the user's `~/.gitconfig`. Its default value is
    $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or
    empty, $HOME/.config/git/ignore is used instead.
 
-The underlying git plumbing tools, such as
+The underlying Git plumbing tools, such as
 'git ls-files' and 'git read-tree', read
 `gitignore` patterns specified by command-line options, or from
-files specified by command-line options.  Higher-level git
+files specified by command-line options.  Higher-level Git
 tools, such as 'git status' and 'git add',
 use patterns from the sources specified above.
 
@@ -89,15 +89,15 @@ PATTERN FORMAT
    a match with a directory.  In other words, `foo/` will match a
    directory `foo` and paths underneath it, but will not match a
    regular file or a symbolic link `foo` (this is consistent
-   with the way how pathspec works in general in git).
+   with the way how pathspec works in general in Git).
 
- - If the pattern does not contain a slash '/', git treats it as
+ - If the pattern does not contain a slash '/', Git treats it as
    a shell glob pattern and checks for a match against the
    pathname relative to the location of the `.gitignore` file
    (relative to the toplevel of the work tree if not from a
    `.gitignore` file).
 
- - Otherwise, git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable
+ - Otherwise, Git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable
    for consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag:
    wildcards in the pattern will not match a / in the pathname.
    For example, "Documentation/{asterisk}.html" matches
@@ -108,11 +108,30 @@ PATTERN FORMAT
    For example, "/{asterisk}.c" matches "cat-file.c" but not
    "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
 
+Two consecutive asterisks ("`**`") in patterns matched against
+full pathname may have special meaning:
+
+ - A leading "`**`" followed by a slash means match in all
+   directories. For example, "`**/foo`" matches file or directory
+   "`foo`" anywhere, the same as pattern "`foo`". "**/foo/bar"
+   matches file or directory "`bar`" anywhere that is directly
+   under directory "`foo`".
+
+ - A trailing "/**" matches everything inside. For example,
+   "abc/**" matches all files inside directory "abc", relative
+   to the location of the `.gitignore` file, with infinite depth.
+
+ - A slash followed by two consecutive asterisks then a slash
+   matches zero or more directories. For example, "`a/**/b`"
+   matches "`a/b`", "`a/x/b`", "`a/x/y/b`" and so on.
+
+ - Other consecutive asterisks are considered invalid.
+
 NOTES
 -----
 
 The purpose of gitignore files is to ensure that certain files
-not tracked by git remain untracked.
+not tracked by Git remain untracked.
 
 To ignore uncommitted changes in a file that is already tracked,
 use 'git update-index {litdd}assume-unchanged'.
@@ -160,13 +179,15 @@ Another example:
     $ echo '!/vmlinux*' >arch/foo/kernel/.gitignore
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
-The second .gitignore prevents git from ignoring
+The second .gitignore prevents Git from ignoring
 `arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S`.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-linkgit:git-rm[1], linkgit:git-update-index[1],
-linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5]
+linkgit:git-rm[1],
+linkgit:git-update-index[1],
+linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5],
+linkgit:git-check-ignore[1]
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/gitk.txt b/Documentation/gitk.txt
index a17a354..c17e760 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitk.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitk.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitk(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitk - The git repository browser
+gitk - The Git repository browser
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ the files in the trees of each revision.
 
 Historically, gitk was the first repository browser. It's written in tcl/tk
 and started off in a separate repository but was later merged into the main
-git repository.
+Git repository.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -108,10 +108,10 @@ SEE ALSO
 
 'gitview(1)'::
 	A repository browser written in Python using Gtk. It's based on
-	'bzrk(1)' and distributed in the contrib area of the git repository.
+	'bzrk(1)' and distributed in the contrib area of the Git repository.
 
 'tig(1)'::
-	A minimal repository browser and git tool output highlighter written
+	A minimal repository browser and Git tool output highlighter written
 	in C using Ncurses.
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
index ab3e91c..6a1ca4a 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ $GIT_WORK_DIR/.gitmodules
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-The `.gitmodules` file, located in the top-level directory of a git
+The `.gitmodules` file, located in the top-level directory of a Git
 working tree, is a text file with a syntax matching the requirements
 of linkgit:git-config[1].
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ option of 'git submodule add'. Each submodule section also contains the
 following required keys:
 
 submodule.<name>.path::
-	Defines the path, relative to the top-level directory of the git
+	Defines the path, relative to the top-level directory of the Git
 	working tree, where the submodule is expected to be checked out.
 	The path name must not end with a `/`. All submodule paths must
 	be unique within the .gitmodules file.
@@ -49,6 +49,11 @@ submodule.<name>.update::
 	This config option is overridden if 'git submodule update' is given
 	the '--merge', '--rebase' or '--checkout' options.
 
+submodule.<name>.branch::
+	A remote branch name for tracking updates in the upstream submodule.
+	If the option is not specified, it defaults to 'master'.  See the
+	`--remote` documentation in linkgit:git-submodule[1] for details.
+
 submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules::
 	This option can be used to control recursive fetching of this
 	submodule. If this option is also present in the submodules entry in
diff --git a/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt b/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt
index c6713cf..7685e36 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ prevent duplication between new objects added to the repositories
 without ongoing maintenance, while namespaces do.
 
 To specify a namespace, set the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment variable to
-the namespace.  For each ref namespace, git stores the corresponding
+the namespace.  For each ref namespace, Git stores the corresponding
 refs in a directory under `refs/namespaces/`.  For example,
 `GIT_NAMESPACE=foo` will store refs under `refs/namespaces/foo/`.  You
 can also specify namespaces via the `--namespace` option to
diff --git a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
index 0f21367..0827f69 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt
@@ -14,17 +14,17 @@ DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 Remote helper programs are normally not used directly by end users,
-but they are invoked by git when it needs to interact with remote
-repositories git does not support natively.  A given helper will
-implement a subset of the capabilities documented here. When git
+but they are invoked by Git when it needs to interact with remote
+repositories Git does not support natively.  A given helper will
+implement a subset of the capabilities documented here. When Git
 needs to interact with a repository using a remote helper, it spawns
 the helper as an independent process, sends commands to the helper's
 standard input, and expects results from the helper's standard
 output. Because a remote helper runs as an independent process from
-git, there is no need to re-link git to add a new helper, nor any
-need to link the helper with the implementation of git.
+Git, there is no need to re-link Git to add a new helper, nor any
+need to link the helper with the implementation of Git.
 
-Every helper must support the "capabilities" command, which git
+Every helper must support the "capabilities" command, which Git
 uses to determine what other commands the helper will accept.  Those
 other commands can be used to discover and update remote refs,
 transport objects between the object database and the remote repository,
@@ -39,15 +39,15 @@ INVOCATION
 ----------
 
 Remote helper programs are invoked with one or (optionally) two
-arguments. The first argument specifies a remote repository as in git;
+arguments. The first argument specifies a remote repository as in Git;
 it is either the name of a configured remote or a URL. The second
 argument specifies a URL; it is usually of the form
 '<transport>://<address>', but any arbitrary string is possible.
 The 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set up for the remote helper
 and can be used to determine where to store additional data or from
-which directory to invoke auxiliary git commands.
+which directory to invoke auxiliary Git commands.
 
-When git encounters a URL of the form '<transport>://<address>', where
+When Git encounters a URL of the form '<transport>://<address>', where
 '<transport>' is a protocol that it cannot handle natively, it
 automatically invokes 'git remote-<transport>' with the full URL as
 the second argument. If such a URL is encountered directly on the
@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ command line, the first argument is the same as the second, and if it
 is encountered in a configured remote, the first argument is the name
 of that remote.
 
-A URL of the form '<transport>::<address>' explicitly instructs git to
+A URL of the form '<transport>::<address>' explicitly instructs Git to
 invoke 'git remote-<transport>' with '<address>' as the second
 argument. If such a URL is encountered directly on the command line,
 the first argument is '<address>', and if it is encountered in a
 configured remote, the first argument is the name of that remote.
 
 Additionally, when a configured remote has 'remote.<name>.vcs' set to
-'<transport>', git explicitly invokes 'git remote-<transport>' with
+'<transport>', Git explicitly invokes 'git remote-<transport>' with
 '<name>' as the first argument. If set, the second argument is
 'remote.<name>.url'; otherwise, the second argument is omitted.
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Capabilities
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Each remote helper is expected to support only a subset of commands.
-The operations a helper supports are declared to git in the response
+The operations a helper supports are declared to Git in the response
 to the `capabilities` command (see COMMANDS, below).
 
 In the following, we list all defined capabilities and for
@@ -114,10 +114,10 @@ Supported commands: 'list for-push', 'push'.
 +
 Supported commands: 'list for-push', 'export'.
 
-If a helper advertises 'connect', git will use it if possible and
+If a helper advertises 'connect', Git will use it if possible and
 fall back to another capability if the helper requests so when
 connecting (see the 'connect' command under COMMANDS).
-When choosing between 'push' and 'export', git prefers 'push'.
+When choosing between 'push' and 'export', Git prefers 'push'.
 Other frontends may have some other order of preference.
 
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ Capabilities for Fetching
 'connect'::
 	Can try to connect to 'git upload-pack' (for fetching),
 	'git receive-pack', etc for communication using the
-	git's native packfile protocol. This
+	Git's native packfile protocol. This
 	requires a bidirectional, full-duplex connection.
 +
 Supported commands: 'connect'.
@@ -143,10 +143,10 @@ Supported commands: 'list', 'fetch'.
 +
 Supported commands: 'list', 'import'.
 
-If a helper advertises 'connect', git will use it if possible and
+If a helper advertises 'connect', Git will use it if possible and
 fall back to another capability if the helper requests so when
 connecting (see the 'connect' command under COMMANDS).
-When choosing between 'fetch' and 'import', git prefers 'fetch'.
+When choosing between 'fetch' and 'import', Git prefers 'fetch'.
 Other frontends may have some other order of preference.
 
 Miscellaneous capabilities
@@ -159,11 +159,11 @@ Miscellaneous capabilities
 	carried out.
 
 'refspec' <refspec>::
-	This modifies the 'import' capability, allowing the produced
-	fast-import stream to modify refs in a private namespace
-	instead of writing to refs/heads or refs/remotes directly.
+	For remote helpers that implement 'import' or 'export', this capability
+	allows the refs to be constrained to a private namespace, instead of
+	writing to refs/heads or refs/remotes directly.
 	It is recommended that all importers providing the 'import'
-	capability use this.
+	capability use this. It's mandatory for 'export'.
 +
 A helper advertising the capability
 `refspec refs/heads/*:refs/svn/origin/branches/*`
@@ -183,25 +183,29 @@ there is an implied `refspec *:*`.
 	to retrieve information about blobs and trees that already exist in
 	fast-import's memory. This requires a channel from fast-import to the
 	remote-helper.
-	If it is advertised in addition to "import", git establishes a pipe from
+	If it is advertised in addition to "import", Git establishes a pipe from
 	fast-import to the remote-helper's stdin.
-	It follows that git and fast-import are both connected to the
-	remote-helper's stdin. Because git can send multiple commands to
+	It follows that Git and fast-import are both connected to the
+	remote-helper's stdin. Because Git can send multiple commands to
 	the remote-helper it is required that helpers that use 'bidi-import'
 	buffer all 'import' commands of a batch before sending data to fast-import.
 	This is to prevent mixing commands and fast-import responses on the
 	helper's stdin.
 
 'export-marks' <file>::
-	This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing git to dump the
+	This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing Git to dump the
 	internal marks table to <file> when complete. For details,
 	read up on '--export-marks=<file>' in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
 
 'import-marks' <file>::
-	This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing git to load the
+	This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing Git to load the
 	marks specified in <file> before processing any input. For details,
 	read up on '--import-marks=<file>' in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
 
+'signed-tags'::
+	This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing Git to pass
+	'--signed-tags=verbatim' to linkgit:git-fast-export[1].  In the
+	absence of this capability, Git will use '--signed-tags=warn-strip'.
 
 
 
@@ -213,7 +217,7 @@ Commands are given by the caller on the helper's standard input, one per line.
 'capabilities'::
 	Lists the capabilities of the helper, one per line, ending
 	with a blank line. Each capability may be preceded with '*',
-	which marks them mandatory for git versions using the remote
+	which marks them mandatory for Git versions using the remote
 	helper to understand. Any unknown mandatory capability is a
 	fatal error.
 +
@@ -376,7 +380,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 
 The following options are defined and (under suitable circumstances)
-set by git if the remote helper has the 'option' capability.
+set by Git if the remote helper has the 'option' capability.
 
 'option verbosity' <n>::
 	Changes the verbosity of messages displayed by the helper.
diff --git a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
index 9f62886..d6f3393 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
@@ -12,12 +12,24 @@ $GIT_DIR/*
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-You may find these things in your git repository (`.git`
-directory for a repository associated with your working tree, or
-`<project>.git` directory for a public 'bare' repository. It is
-also possible to have a working tree where `.git` is a plain
-ASCII file containing `gitdir: <path>`, i.e. the path to the
-real git repository).
+A Git repository comes in two different flavours:
+
+ * a `.git` directory at the root of the working tree;
+
+ * a `<project>.git` directory that is a 'bare' repository
+   (i.e. without its own working tree), that is typically used for
+   exchanging histories with others by pushing into it and fetching
+   from it.
+
+*Note*: Also you can have a plain text file `.git` at the root of
+your working tree, containing `gitdir: <path>` to point at the real
+directory that has the repository.  This mechanism is often used for
+a working tree of a submodule checkout, to allow you in the
+containing superproject to `git checkout` a branch that does not
+have the submodule.  The `checkout` has to remove the entire
+submodule working tree, without losing the submodule repository.
+
+These things may exist in a Git repository.
 
 objects::
 	Object store associated with this repository.  Usually
@@ -94,7 +106,7 @@ refs/remotes/`name`::
 	from a remote repository.
 
 refs/replace/`<obj-sha1>`::
-	records the SHA1 of the object that replaces `<obj-sha1>`.
+	records the SHA-1 of the object that replaces `<obj-sha1>`.
 	This is similar to info/grafts and is internally used and
 	maintained by linkgit:git-replace[1]. Such refs can be exchanged
 	between repositories while grafts are not.
@@ -108,7 +120,7 @@ HEAD::
 	A symref (see glossary) to the `refs/heads/` namespace
 	describing the currently active branch.  It does not mean
 	much if the repository is not associated with any working tree
-	(i.e. a 'bare' repository), but a valid git repository
+	(i.e. a 'bare' repository), but a valid Git repository
 	*must* have the HEAD file; some porcelains may use it to
 	guess the designated "default" branch of the repository
 	(usually 'master').  It is legal if the named branch
@@ -131,7 +143,7 @@ branches::
 	and not likely to be found in modern repositories.
 
 hooks::
-	Hooks are customization scripts used by various git
+	Hooks are customization scripts used by various Git
 	commands.  A handful of sample hooks are installed when
 	'git init' is run, but all of them are disabled by
 	default.  To enable, the `.sample` suffix has to be
@@ -169,9 +181,13 @@ info/exclude::
 	This file, by convention among Porcelains, stores the
 	exclude pattern list. `.gitignore` is the per-directory
 	ignore file.  'git status', 'git add', 'git rm' and
-	'git clean' look at it but the core git commands do not look
+	'git clean' look at it but the core Git commands do not look
 	at it.  See also: linkgit:gitignore[5].
 
+info/sparse-checkout::
+	This file stores sparse checkout patterns.
+	See also: linkgit:git-read-tree[1].
+
 remotes::
 	Stores shorthands for URL and default refnames for use
 	when interacting with remote repositories via 'git fetch',
diff --git a/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt b/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt
index fc4789f..c0ed6d1 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitrevisions.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitrevisions(7)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitrevisions - specifying revisions and ranges for git
+gitrevisions - specifying revisions and ranges for Git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
index e00a4d2..3109ea8 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gittutorial-2(7)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gittutorial-2 - A tutorial introduction to git: part two
+gittutorial-2 - A tutorial introduction to Git: part two
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -16,11 +16,11 @@ DESCRIPTION
 You should work through linkgit:gittutorial[7] before reading this tutorial.
 
 The goal of this tutorial is to introduce two fundamental pieces of
-git's architecture--the object database and the index file--and to
+Git's architecture--the object database and the index file--and to
 provide the reader with everything necessary to understand the rest
-of the git documentation.
+of the Git documentation.
 
-The git object database
+The Git object database
 -----------------------
 
 Let's start a new project and create a small amount of history:
@@ -42,25 +42,25 @@ $ git commit -a -m "add emphasis"
  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-What are the 7 digits of hex that git responded to the commit with?
+What are the 7 digits of hex that Git responded to the commit with?
 
 We saw in part one of the tutorial that commits have names like this.
-It turns out that every object in the git history is stored under
-a 40-digit hex name.  That name is the SHA1 hash of the object's
-contents; among other things, this ensures that git will never store
-the same data twice (since identical data is given an identical SHA1
-name), and that the contents of a git object will never change (since
+It turns out that every object in the Git history is stored under
+a 40-digit hex name.  That name is the SHA-1 hash of the object's
+contents; among other things, this ensures that Git will never store
+the same data twice (since identical data is given an identical SHA-1
+name), and that the contents of a Git object will never change (since
 that would change the object's name as well). The 7 char hex strings
 here are simply the abbreviation of such 40 character long strings.
 Abbreviations can be used everywhere where the 40 character strings
 can be used, so long as they are unambiguous.
 
 It is expected that the content of the commit object you created while
-following the example above generates a different SHA1 hash than
+following the example above generates a different SHA-1 hash than
 the one shown above because the commit object records the time when
 it was created and the name of the person performing the commit.
 
-We can ask git about this particular object with the `cat-file`
+We can ask Git about this particular object with the `cat-file`
 command. Don't copy the 40 hex digits from this example but use those
 from your own version. Note that you can shorten it to only a few
 characters to save yourself typing all 40 hex digits:
@@ -80,14 +80,14 @@ A tree can refer to one or more "blob" objects, each corresponding to
 a file.  In addition, a tree can also refer to other tree objects,
 thus creating a directory hierarchy.  You can examine the contents of
 any tree using ls-tree (remember that a long enough initial portion
-of the SHA1 will also work):
+of the SHA-1 will also work):
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git ls-tree 92b8b694
 100644 blob 3b18e512dba79e4c8300dd08aeb37f8e728b8dad    file.txt
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-Thus we see that this tree has one file in it.  The SHA1 hash is a
+Thus we see that this tree has one file in it.  The SHA-1 hash is a
 reference to that file's data:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -102,11 +102,11 @@ $ git cat-file blob 3b18e512
 hello world
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-Note that this is the old file data; so the object that git named in
+Note that this is the old file data; so the object that Git named in
 its response to the initial tree was a tree with a snapshot of the
 directory state that was recorded by the first commit.
 
-All of these objects are stored under their SHA1 names inside the git
+All of these objects are stored under their SHA-1 names inside the Git
 directory:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ ref: refs/heads/master
 
 As you can see, this tells us which branch we're currently on, and it
 tells us this by naming a file under the .git directory, which itself
-contains a SHA1 name referring to a commit object, which we can
+contains a SHA-1 name referring to a commit object, which we can
 examine with cat-file:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ Besides blobs, trees, and commits, the only remaining type of object
 is a "tag", which we won't discuss here; refer to linkgit:git-tag[1]
 for details.
 
-So now we know how git uses the object database to represent a
+So now we know how Git uses the object database to represent a
 project's history:
 
   * "commit" objects refer to "tree" objects representing the
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ project's history:
 
 Note, by the way, that lots of commands take a tree as an argument.
 But as we can see above, a tree can be referred to in many different
-ways--by the SHA1 name for that tree, by the name of a commit that
+ways--by the SHA-1 name for that tree, by the name of a commit that
 refers to the tree, by the name of a branch whose head refers to that
 tree, etc.--and most such commands can accept any of these names.
 
@@ -403,21 +403,21 @@ What next?
 
 At this point you should know everything necessary to read the man
 pages for any of the git commands; one good place to start would be
-with the commands mentioned in link:everyday.html[Everyday git].  You
+with the commands mentioned in link:everyday.html[Everyday Git].  You
 should be able to find any unknown jargon in linkgit:gitglossary[7].
 
 The link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] provides a more
-comprehensive introduction to git.
+comprehensive introduction to Git.
 
 linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7] explains how to
-import a CVS repository into git, and shows how to use git in a
+import a CVS repository into Git, and shows how to use Git in a
 CVS-like way.
 
-For some interesting examples of git use, see the
+For some interesting examples of Git use, see the
 link:howto-index.html[howtos].
 
-For git developers, linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] goes
-into detail on the lower-level git mechanisms involved in, for
+For Git developers, linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] goes
+into detail on the lower-level Git mechanisms involved in, for
 example, creating a new commit.
 
 SEE ALSO
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
 linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
 linkgit:gitglossary[7],
 linkgit:git-help[1],
-link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
+link:everyday.html[Everyday Git],
 link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
index f1cb6f3..8262196 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gittutorial(7)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gittutorial - A tutorial introduction to git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)
+gittutorial - A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ git *
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This tutorial explains how to import a new project into git, make
+This tutorial explains how to import a new project into Git, make
 changes to it, and share changes with other developers.
 
-If you are instead primarily interested in using git to fetch a project,
+If you are instead primarily interested in using Git to fetch a project,
 for example, to test the latest version, you may prefer to start with
 the first two chapters of link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual].
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ $ git help log
 With the latter, you can use the manual viewer of your choice; see
 linkgit:git-help[1] for more information.
 
-It is a good idea to introduce yourself to git with your name and
+It is a good idea to introduce yourself to Git with your name and
 public email address before doing any operation.  The easiest
 way to do so is:
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Importing a new project
 -----------------------
 
 Assume you have a tarball project.tar.gz with your initial work.  You
-can place it under git revision control as follows.
+can place it under Git revision control as follows.
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ tar xzf project.tar.gz
@@ -67,14 +67,14 @@ Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
 You've now initialized the working directory--you may notice a new
 directory created, named ".git".
 
-Next, tell git to take a snapshot of the contents of all files under the
+Next, tell Git to take a snapshot of the contents of all files under the
 current directory (note the '.'), with 'git add':
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git add .
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-This snapshot is now stored in a temporary staging area which git calls
+This snapshot is now stored in a temporary staging area which Git calls
 the "index".  You can permanently store the contents of the index in the
 repository with 'git commit':
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ $ git commit
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 This will prompt you for a commit message.  You've now stored the first
-version of your project in git.
+version of your project in Git.
 
 Making changes
 --------------
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ begin the commit message with a single short (less than 50 character)
 line summarizing the change, followed by a blank line and then a more
 thorough description. The text up to the first blank line in a commit
 message is treated as the commit title, and that title is used
-throughout git.  For example, linkgit:git-format-patch[1] turns a
+throughout Git.  For example, linkgit:git-format-patch[1] turns a
 commit into email, and it uses the title on the Subject line and the
 rest of the commit in the body.
 
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ $ git log --stat --summary
 Managing branches
 -----------------
 
-A single git repository can maintain multiple branches of
+A single Git repository can maintain multiple branches of
 development.  To create a new branch named "experimental", use
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -276,10 +276,10 @@ $ git branch -D crazy-idea
 Branches are cheap and easy, so this is a good way to try something
 out.
 
-Using git for collaboration
+Using Git for collaboration
 ---------------------------
 
-Suppose that Alice has started a new project with a git repository in
+Suppose that Alice has started a new project with a Git repository in
 /home/alice/project, and that Bob, who has a home directory on the
 same machine, wants to contribute.
 
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ Note that in general, Alice would want her local changes committed before
 initiating this "pull".  If Bob's work conflicts with what Alice did since
 their histories forked, Alice will use her working tree and the index to
 resolve conflicts, and existing local changes will interfere with the
-conflict resolution process (git will still perform the fetch but will
+conflict resolution process (Git will still perform the fetch but will
 refuse to merge --- Alice will have to get rid of her local changes in
 some way and pull again when this happens).
 
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ bob$ git pull
 -------------------------------------
 
 Note that he doesn't need to give the path to Alice's repository;
-when Bob cloned Alice's repository, git stored the location of her
+when Bob cloned Alice's repository, Git stored the location of her
 repository in the repository configuration, and that location is
 used for pulls:
 
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ perform clones and pulls using the ssh protocol:
 bob$ git clone alice.org:/home/alice/project myrepo
 -------------------------------------
 
-Alternatively, git has a native protocol, or can use rsync or http;
+Alternatively, Git has a native protocol, or can use rsync or http;
 see linkgit:git-pull[1] for details.
 
 Git can also be used in a CVS-like mode, with a central repository
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ share this name with other people (for example, to identify a release
 version), you should create a "tag" object, and perhaps sign it; see
 linkgit:git-tag[1] for details.
 
-Any git command that needs to know a commit can take any of these
+Any Git command that needs to know a commit can take any of these
 names.  For example:
 
 -------------------------------------
@@ -554,9 +554,9 @@ files it manages in your current directory.  So
 $ git grep "hello"
 -------------------------------------
 
-is a quick way to search just the files that are tracked by git.
+is a quick way to search just the files that are tracked by Git.
 
-Many git commands also take sets of commits, which can be specified
+Many Git commands also take sets of commits, which can be specified
 in a number of ways.  Here are some examples with 'git log':
 
 -------------------------------------
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ then merged back together, the order in which 'git log' presents
 those commits is meaningless.
 
 Most projects with multiple contributors (such as the Linux kernel,
-or git itself) have frequent merges, and 'gitk' does a better job of
+or Git itself) have frequent merges, and 'gitk' does a better job of
 visualizing their history.  For example,
 
 -------------------------------------
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ Next Steps
 
 This tutorial should be enough to perform basic distributed revision
 control for your projects.  However, to fully understand the depth
-and power of git you need to understand two simple ideas on which it
+and power of Git you need to understand two simple ideas on which it
 is based:
 
   * The object database is the rather elegant system used to
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ is based:
 
 Part two of this tutorial explains the object
 database, the index file, and a few other odds and ends that you'll
-need to make the most of git. You can find it at linkgit:gittutorial-2[7].
+need to make the most of Git. You can find it at linkgit:gittutorial-2[7].
 
 If you don't want to continue with that right away, a few other
 digressions that may be interesting at this point are:
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ digressions that may be interesting at this point are:
   * linkgit:gitworkflows[7]: Gives an overview of recommended
     workflows.
 
-  * link:everyday.html[Everyday GIT with 20 Commands Or So]
+  * link:everyday.html[Everyday Git with 20 Commands Or So]
 
   * linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7]: Git for CVS users.
 
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
 linkgit:gitglossary[7],
 linkgit:git-help[1],
 linkgit:gitworkflows[7],
-link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
+link:everyday.html[Everyday Git],
 link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
 GIT
diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
index 4947455..ea0526e 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitweb.conf(5)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitweb.conf - Gitweb (git web interface) configuration file
+gitweb.conf - Gitweb (Git web interface) configuration file
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ stops declaring it.
 You can include other configuration file using read_config_file()
 subroutine.  For example, one might want to put gitweb configuration
 related to access control for viewing repositories via Gitolite (one
-of git repository management tools) in a separate file, e.g. in
+of Git repository management tools) in a separate file, e.g. in
 '/etc/gitweb-gitolite.conf'.  To include it, put
 
 --------------------------------------------------
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ and installing gitweb.
 Location of repositories
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 The configuration variables described below control how gitweb finds
-git repositories, and how repositories are displayed and accessed.
+Git repositories, and how repositories are displayed and accessed.
 
 See also "Repositories" and later subsections in linkgit:gitweb[1] manpage.
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ will fall back to scanning the `$projectroot` directory for repositories.
 
 $project_maxdepth::
 	If `$projects_list` variable is unset, gitweb will recursively
-	scan filesystem for git repositories.  The `$project_maxdepth`
+	scan filesystem for Git repositories.  The `$project_maxdepth`
 	is used to limit traversing depth, relative to `$projectroot`
 	(starting point); it means that directories which are further
 	from `$projectroot` than `$project_maxdepth` will be skipped.
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ our $export_ok = "git-daemon-export-ok";
 +
 If not set (default), it means that this feature is disabled.
 +
-See also more involved example in "Controlling access to git repositories"
+See also more involved example in "Controlling access to Git repositories"
 subsection on linkgit:gitweb[1] manpage.
 
 $strict_export::
@@ -222,18 +222,18 @@ The values of these variables are paths on the filesystem.
 
 $GIT::
 	Core git executable to use.  By default set to `$GIT_BINDIR/git`, which
-	in turn is by default set to `$(bindir)/git`.  If you use git installed
+	in turn is by default set to `$(bindir)/git`.  If you use Git installed
 	from a binary package, you should usually set this to "/usr/bin/git".
 	This can just be "git" if your web server has a sensible PATH; from
 	security point of view it is better to use absolute path to git binary.
-	If you have multiple git versions installed it can be used to choose
+	If you have multiple Git versions installed it can be used to choose
 	which one to use.  Must be (correctly) set for gitweb to be able to
 	work.
 
 $mimetypes_file::
 	File to use for (filename extension based) guessing of MIME types before
 	trying '/etc/mime.types'.  *NOTE* that this path, if relative, is taken
-	as relative to the current git repository, not to CGI script.  If unset,
+	as relative to the current Git repository, not to CGI script.  If unset,
 	only '/etc/mime.types' is used (if present on filesystem).  If no mimetypes
 	file is found, mimetype guessing based on extension of file is disabled.
 	Unset by default.
@@ -343,8 +343,8 @@ $logo_url::
 $logo_label::
 	URI and label (title) for the Git logo link (or your site logo,
 	if you chose to use different logo image). By default, these both
-	refer to git homepage, http://git-scm.com[]; in the past, they pointed
-	to git documentation at http://www.kernel.org[].
+	refer to Git homepage, http://git-scm.com[]; in the past, they pointed
+	to Git documentation at http://www.kernel.org[].
 
 
 Changing gitweb's look
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ $fallback_encoding::
 	detection.
 +
 *Note* that rename and especially copy detection can be quite
-CPU-intensive.  Note also that non git tools can have problems with
+CPU-intensive.  Note also that non Git tools can have problems with
 patches generated with options mentioned above, especially when they
 involve file copies (\'-C') or criss-cross renames (\'-B').
 
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ looks does contain variables configuring administrative side of gitweb
 affects how "summary" pages look like, or load limiting).
 
 @git_base_url_list::
-	List of git base URLs.  These URLs are used to generate URLs
+	List of Git base URLs.  These URLs are used to generate URLs
 	describing from where to fetch a project, which are shown on
 	project summary page.  The full fetch URL is "`$git_base_url/$project`",
 	for each element of this list. You can set up multiple base URLs
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ override::
 	(or enabled/disabled) on a per-repository basis.
 +
 Usually given "<feature>" is configurable via the `gitweb.<feature>`
-config variable in the per-repository git configuration file.
+config variable in the per-repository Git configuration file.
 +
 *Note* that no feature is overriddable by default.
 
@@ -782,7 +782,7 @@ filesystem (i.e. "$projectroot/$project"), `%h` to the current hash
 (\'hb' gitweb parameter); `%%` expands to \'%'.
 +
 For example, at the time this page was written, the http://repo.or.cz[]
-git hosting site set it to the following to enable graphical log
+Git hosting site set it to the following to enable graphical log
 (using the third party tool *git-browser*):
 +
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -796,10 +796,10 @@ This adds a link titled "graphiclog" after the "summary" link, leading to
 Project specific override is not supported.
 
 timed::
-	Enable displaying how much time and how many git commands it took to
+	Enable displaying how much time and how many Git commands it took to
 	generate and display each page in the page footer (at the bottom of
 	page).  For example the footer might contain: "This page took 6.53325
-	seconds and 13 git commands to generate."  Disabled by default.
+	seconds and 13 Git commands to generate."  Disabled by default.
 +
 Project specific override is not supported.
 
@@ -857,6 +857,13 @@ adding the following lines to your gitweb configuration file:
 	$known_snapshot_formats{'zip'}{'disabled'} = 1;
 	$known_snapshot_formats{'tgz'}{'compressor'} = ['gzip','-6'];
 
+BUGS
+----
+Debugging would be easier if the fallback configuration file
+(`/etc/gitweb.conf`) and environment variable to override its location
+('GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM') had names reflecting their "fallback" role.
+The current names are kept to avoid breaking working setups.
+
 ENVIRONMENT
 -----------
 The location of per-instance and system-wide configuration files can be
diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.txt
index 168e8bf..40969f1 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitweb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitweb.txt
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ gitweb - Git web interface (web frontend to Git repositories)
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-To get started with gitweb, run linkgit:git-instaweb[1] from a git repository.
+To get started with gitweb, run linkgit:git-instaweb[1] from a Git repository.
 This would configure and start your web server, and run web browser pointing to
 gitweb.
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Gitweb provides a web interface to git repositories.  Its features include:
+Gitweb provides a web interface to Git repositories.  Its features include:
 
 * Viewing multiple Git repositories with common root.
 * Browsing every revision of the repository.
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ our $projectroot = '/path/to/parent/directory';
 The default value for `$projectroot` is '/pub/git'.  You can change it during
 building gitweb via `GITWEB_PROJECTROOT` build configuration variable.
 
-By default all git repositories under `$projectroot` are visible and available
+By default all Git repositories under `$projectroot` are visible and available
 to gitweb.  The list of projects is generated by default by scanning the
-`$projectroot` directory for git repositories (for object databases to be
+`$projectroot` directory for Git repositories (for object databases to be
 more exact; gitweb is not interested in a working area, and is best suited
 to showing "bare" repositories).
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ foo/bar.git   O+W+Ner+<owner@example.org>
 
 
 By default this file controls only which projects are *visible* on projects
-list page (note that entries that do not point to correctly recognized git
+list page (note that entries that do not point to correctly recognized Git
 repositories won't be displayed by gitweb).  Even if a project is not
 visible on projects list page, you can view it nevertheless by hand-crafting
 a gitweb URL.  By setting `$strict_export` configuration variable (see
@@ -151,9 +151,9 @@ as projects list file, which means that you can set `$projects_list` to its
 filename.
 
 
-Controlling access to git repositories
+Controlling access to Git repositories
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-By default all git repositories under `$projectroot` are visible and
+By default all Git repositories under `$projectroot` are visible and
 available to gitweb.  You can however configure how gitweb controls access
 to repositories.
 
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ $export_auth_hook = sub {
 Per-repository gitweb configuration
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 You can configure individual repositories shown in gitweb by creating file
-in the 'GIT_DIR' of git repository, or by setting some repo configuration
+in the 'GIT_DIR' of Git repository, or by setting some repo configuration
 variable (in 'GIT_DIR/config', see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 You can use the following files in repository:
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ repositories, you can configure Apache like this:
 
 The above configuration expects your public repositories to live under
 '/pub/git' and will serve them as `http://git.domain.org/dir-under-pub-git`,
-both as cloneable GIT URL and as browseable gitweb interface.  If you then
+both as cloneable Git URL and as browseable gitweb interface.  If you then
 start your linkgit:git-daemon[1] with `--base-path=/pub/git --export-all`
 then you can even use the `git://` URL with exactly the same path.
 
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ $projectroot = $ENV{'GITWEB_PROJECTROOT'} || "/pub/git";
 referenced by `$per_request_config`;
 
 These configurations enable two things. First, each unix user (`<user>`) of
-the server will be able to browse through gitweb git repositories found in
+the server will be able to browse through gitweb Git repositories found in
 '~/public_git/' with the following url:
 
   http://git.example.org/~<user>/
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ The additional AliasMatch makes it so that
 
   http://git.example.com/project.git
 
-will give raw access to the project's git dir (so that the project can be
+will give raw access to the project's Git dir (so that the project can be
 cloned), while
 
   http://git.example.com/project
diff --git a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
index 8b8c6ae..f16c414 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ gitworkflows(7)
 
 NAME
 ----
-gitworkflows - An overview of recommended workflows with git
+gitworkflows - An overview of recommended workflows with Git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -242,10 +242,10 @@ tag to the tip of 'master' indicating the release version:
 .Release tagging
 [caption="Recipe: "]
 =====================================
-`git tag -s -m "GIT X.Y.Z" vX.Y.Z master`
+`git tag -s -m "Git X.Y.Z" vX.Y.Z master`
 =====================================
 
-You need to push the new tag to a public git server (see
+You need to push the new tag to a public Git server (see
 "DISTRIBUTED WORKFLOWS" below). This makes the tag available to
 others tracking your project. The push could also trigger a
 post-update hook to perform release-related items such as building
diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
index f928b57..68a18e1 100644
--- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
+++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 	A bare repository is normally an appropriately
 	named <<def_directory,directory>> with a `.git` suffix that does not
 	have a locally checked-out copy of any of the files under
-	revision control. That is, all of the `git`
+	revision control. That is, all of the Git
 	administrative and control files that would normally be present in the
 	hidden `.git` sub-directory are directly present in the
 	`repository.git` directory instead,
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 	<<def_commit,commit>> on a branch is referred to as the tip of
 	that branch.  The tip of the branch is referenced by a branch
 	<<def_head,head>>, which moves forward as additional development
-	is done on the branch.  A single git
+	is done on the branch.  A single Git
 	<<def_repository,repository>> can track an arbitrary number of
 	branches, but your <<def_working_tree,working tree>> is
 	associated with just one of them (the "current" or "checked out"
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@
 	<<def_commit,commit>> could be one of its <<def_parent,parents>>).
 
 [[def_changeset]]changeset::
-	BitKeeper/cvsps speak for "<<def_commit,commit>>". Since git does not
+	BitKeeper/cvsps speak for "<<def_commit,commit>>". Since Git does not
 	store changes, but states, it really does not make sense to use the term
-	"changesets" with git.
+	"changesets" with Git.
 
 [[def_checkout]]checkout::
 	The action of updating all or part of the
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 [[def_cherry-picking]]cherry-picking::
 	In <<def_SCM,SCM>> jargon, "cherry pick" means to choose a subset of
 	changes out of a series of changes (typically commits) and record them
-	as a new series of changes on top of a different codebase. In GIT, this is
+	as a new series of changes on top of a different codebase. In Git, this is
 	performed by the "git cherry-pick" command to extract the change introduced
 	by an existing <<def_commit,commit>> and to record it based on the tip
 	of the current <<def_branch,branch>> as a new commit.
@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@
 
 [[def_commit]]commit::
 	As a noun: A single point in the
-	git history; the entire history of a project is represented as a
+	Git history; the entire history of a project is represented as a
 	set of interrelated commits.  The word "commit" is often
-	used by git in the same places other revision control systems
+	used by Git in the same places other revision control systems
 	use the words "revision" or "version".  Also used as a short
 	hand for <<def_commit_object,commit object>>.
 +
 As a verb: The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's
-state in the git history, by creating a new commit representing the current
+state in the Git history, by creating a new commit representing the current
 state of the <<def_index,index>> and advancing <<def_HEAD,HEAD>>
 to point at the new commit.
 
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ to point at the new commit.
 	to the top <<def_directory,directory>> of the stored
 	revision.
 
-[[def_core_git]]core git::
-	Fundamental data structures and utilities of git. Exposes only limited
+[[def_core_git]]core Git::
+	Fundamental data structures and utilities of Git. Exposes only limited
 	source code management tools.
 
 [[def_DAG]]DAG::
@@ -100,12 +100,22 @@ to point at the new commit.
 
 [[def_detached_HEAD]]detached HEAD::
 	Normally the <<def_HEAD,HEAD>> stores the name of a
-	<<def_branch,branch>>.  However, git also allows you to <<def_checkout,check out>>
-	an arbitrary <<def_commit,commit>> that isn't necessarily the tip of any
-	particular branch.  In this case HEAD is said to be "detached".
-
-[[def_dircache]]dircache::
-	You are *waaaaay* behind. See <<def_index,index>>.
+	<<def_branch,branch>>, and commands that operate on the
+	history HEAD represents operate on the history leading to the
+	tip of the branch the HEAD points at.  However, Git also
+	allows you to <<def_checkout,check out>> an arbitrary
+	<<def_commit,commit>> that isn't necessarily the tip of any
+	particular branch.  The HEAD in such a state is called
+	"detached".
++
+Note that commands that operate on the history of the current branch
+(e.g. `git commit` to build a new history on top of it) still work
+while the HEAD is detached. They update the HEAD to point at the tip
+of the updated history without affecting any branch.  Commands that
+update or inquire information _about_ the current branch (e.g. `git
+branch --set-upstream-to` that sets what remote tracking branch the
+current branch integrates with) obviously do not work, as there is no
+(real) current branch to ask about in this state.
 
 [[def_directory]]directory::
 	The list you get with "ls" :-)
@@ -115,11 +125,6 @@ to point at the new commit.
 	it contains modifications which have not been <<def_commit,committed>> to the current
 	<<def_branch,branch>>.
 
-[[def_ent]]ent::
-	Favorite synonym to "<<def_tree-ish,tree-ish>>" by some total geeks. See
-	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ent_(Middle-earth) for an in-depth
-	explanation. Avoid this term, not to confuse people.
-
 [[def_evil_merge]]evil merge::
 	An evil merge is a <<def_merge,merge>> that introduces changes that
 	do not appear in any <<def_parent,parent>>.
@@ -142,22 +147,26 @@ to point at the new commit.
 	and to get them, too.  See also linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 [[def_file_system]]file system::
-	Linus Torvalds originally designed git to be a user space file system,
+	Linus Torvalds originally designed Git to be a user space file system,
 	i.e. the infrastructure to hold files and directories. That ensured the
-	efficiency and speed of git.
+	efficiency and speed of Git.
 
-[[def_git_archive]]git archive::
+[[def_git_archive]]Git archive::
 	Synonym for <<def_repository,repository>> (for arch people).
 
+[[def_gitfile]]gitfile::
+	A plain file `.git` at the root of a working tree that
+	points at the directory that is the real repository.
+
 [[def_grafts]]grafts::
 	Grafts enables two otherwise different lines of development to be joined
 	together by recording fake ancestry information for commits. This way
-	you can make git pretend the set of <<def_parent,parents>> a <<def_commit,commit>> has
+	you can make Git pretend the set of <<def_parent,parents>> a <<def_commit,commit>> has
 	is different from what was recorded when the commit was
 	created. Configured via the `.git/info/grafts` file.
 
 [[def_hash]]hash::
-	In git's context, synonym to <<def_object_name,object name>>.
+	In Git's context, synonym for <<def_object_name,object name>>.
 
 [[def_head]]head::
 	A <<def_ref,named reference>> to the <<def_commit,commit>> at the tip of a
@@ -177,14 +186,14 @@ to point at the new commit.
 	A synonym for <<def_head,head>>.
 
 [[def_hook]]hook::
-	During the normal execution of several git commands, call-outs are made
+	During the normal execution of several Git commands, call-outs are made
 	to optional scripts that allow a developer to add functionality or
 	checking. Typically, the hooks allow for a command to be pre-verified
 	and potentially aborted, and allow for a post-notification after the
 	operation is done. The hook scripts are found in the
 	`$GIT_DIR/hooks/` directory, and are enabled by simply
 	removing the `.sample` suffix from the filename. In earlier versions
-	of git you had to make them executable.
+	of Git you had to make them executable.
 
 [[def_index]]index::
 	A collection of files with stat information, whose contents are stored
@@ -201,7 +210,7 @@ to point at the new commit.
 
 [[def_master]]master::
 	The default development <<def_branch,branch>>. Whenever you
-	create a git <<def_repository,repository>>, a branch named
+	create a Git <<def_repository,repository>>, a branch named
 	"master" is created, and becomes the active branch. In most
 	cases, this contains the local development, though that is
 	purely by convention and is not required.
@@ -228,8 +237,8 @@ This commit is referred to as a "merge commit", or sometimes just a
 "merge".
 
 [[def_object]]object::
-	The unit of storage in git. It is uniquely identified by the
-	<<def_SHA1,SHA1>> of its contents. Consequently, an
+	The unit of storage in Git. It is uniquely identified by the
+	<<def_SHA1,SHA-1>> of its contents. Consequently, an
 	object can not be changed.
 
 [[def_object_database]]object database::
@@ -241,10 +250,9 @@ This commit is referred to as a "merge commit", or sometimes just a
 	Synonym for <<def_object_name,object name>>.
 
 [[def_object_name]]object name::
-	The unique identifier of an <<def_object,object>>. The <<def_hash,hash>>
-	of the object's contents using the Secure Hash Algorithm
-	1 and usually represented by the 40 character hexadecimal encoding of
-	the <<def_hash,hash>> of the object.
+	The unique identifier of an <<def_object,object>>.  The
+	object name is usually represented by a 40 character
+	hexadecimal string.  Also colloquially called <<def_SHA1,SHA-1>>.
 
 [[def_object_type]]object type::
 	One of the identifiers "<<def_commit_object,commit>>",
@@ -253,8 +261,7 @@ This commit is referred to as a "merge commit", or sometimes just a
 	<<def_object,object>>.
 
 [[def_octopus]]octopus::
-	To <<def_merge,merge>> more than two <<def_branch,branches>>. Also denotes an
-	intelligent predator.
+	To <<def_merge,merge>> more than two <<def_branch,branches>>.
 
 [[def_origin]]origin::
 	The default upstream <<def_repository,repository>>. Most projects have
@@ -274,7 +281,7 @@ This commit is referred to as a "merge commit", or sometimes just a
 	pack.
 
 [[def_pathspec]]pathspec::
-       Pattern used to specify paths.
+	Pattern used to limit paths in Git commands.
 +
 Pathspecs are used on the command line of "git ls-files", "git
 ls-tree", "git add", "git grep", "git diff", "git checkout",
@@ -283,6 +290,8 @@ limit the scope of operations to some subset of the tree or
 worktree.  See the documentation of each command for whether
 paths are relative to the current directory or toplevel.  The
 pathspec syntax is as follows:
++
+--
 
 * any path matches itself
 * the pathspec up to the last slash represents a
@@ -292,11 +301,12 @@ pathspec syntax is as follows:
   of the pathname.  Paths relative to the directory
   prefix will be matched against that pattern using fnmatch(3);
   in particular, '*' and '?' _can_ match directory separators.
+
+--
 +
 For example, Documentation/*.jpg will match all .jpg files
 in the Documentation subtree,
 including Documentation/chapter_1/figure_1.jpg.
-
 +
 A pathspec that begins with a colon `:` has special meaning.  In the
 short form, the leading colon `:` is followed by zero or more "magic
@@ -312,18 +322,10 @@ and a close parentheses `)`, and the remainder is the pattern to match
 against the path.
 +
 The "magic signature" consists of an ASCII symbol that is not
-alphanumeric.
-+
---
-top `/`;;
-	The magic word `top` (mnemonic: `/`) makes the pattern match
-	from the root of the working tree, even when you are running
-	the command from inside a subdirectory.
---
-+
-Currently only the slash `/` is recognized as the "magic signature",
-but it is envisioned that we will support more types of magic in later
-versions of git.
+alphanumeric. Currently only the slash `/` is recognized as a
+"magic signature": it makes the pattern match from the root of
+the working tree, even when you are running the command from
+inside a subdirectory.
 +
 A pathspec with only a colon means "there is no pathspec". This form
 should not be combined with other pathspec.
@@ -341,12 +343,12 @@ should not be combined with other pathspec.
 	particular line of text. See linkgit:git-diff[1].
 
 [[def_plumbing]]plumbing::
-	Cute name for <<def_core_git,core git>>.
+	Cute name for <<def_core_git,core Git>>.
 
 [[def_porcelain]]porcelain::
 	Cute name for programs and program suites depending on
-	<<def_core_git,core git>>, presenting a high level access to
-	core git. Porcelains expose more of a <<def_SCM,SCM>>
+	<<def_core_git,core Git>>, presenting a high level access to
+	core Git. Porcelains expose more of a <<def_SCM,SCM>>
 	interface than the <<def_plumbing,plumbing>>.
 
 [[def_pull]]pull::
@@ -381,7 +383,7 @@ should not be combined with other pathspec.
 	to the result.
 
 [[def_ref]]ref::
-	A 40-byte hex representation of a <<def_SHA1,SHA1>> or a name that
+	A 40-byte hex representation of a <<def_SHA1,SHA-1>> or a name that
 	denotes a particular <<def_object,object>>. They may be stored in
 	a file under `$GIT_DIR/refs/` directory, or
 	in the `$GIT_DIR/packed-refs` file.
@@ -395,18 +397,10 @@ should not be combined with other pathspec.
 [[def_refspec]]refspec::
 	A "refspec" is used by <<def_fetch,fetch>> and
 	<<def_push,push>> to describe the mapping between remote
-	<<def_ref,ref>> and local ref. They are combined with a colon in
-	the format <src>:<dst>, preceded by an optional plus sign, +.
-	For example: `git fetch $URL
-	refs/heads/master:refs/heads/origin` means "grab the master
-	<<def_branch,branch>> <<def_head,head>> from the $URL and store
-	it as my origin branch head". And `git push
-	$URL refs/heads/master:refs/heads/to-upstream` means "publish my
-	master branch head as to-upstream branch at $URL". See also
-	linkgit:git-push[1].
+	<<def_ref,ref>> and local ref.
 
 [[def_remote_tracking_branch]]remote-tracking branch::
-	A regular git <<def_branch,branch>> that is used to follow changes from
+	A regular Git <<def_branch,branch>> that is used to follow changes from
 	another <<def_repository,repository>>. A remote-tracking
 	branch should not contain direct modifications or have local commits
 	made to it. A remote-tracking branch can usually be
@@ -426,9 +420,7 @@ should not be combined with other pathspec.
 	<<def_merge,merge>> left behind.
 
 [[def_revision]]revision::
-	A particular state of files and directories which was stored in the
-	<<def_object_database,object database>>. It is referenced by a
-	<<def_commit_object,commit object>>.
+	Synonym for <<def_commit,commit>> (the noun).
 
 [[def_rewind]]rewind::
 	To throw away part of the development, i.e. to assign the
@@ -437,13 +429,14 @@ should not be combined with other pathspec.
 [[def_SCM]]SCM::
 	Source code management (tool).
 
-[[def_SHA1]]SHA1::
-	Synonym for <<def_object_name,object name>>.
+[[def_SHA1]]SHA-1::
+	"Secure Hash Algorithm 1"; a cryptographic hash function.
+	In the context of Git used as a synonym for <<def_object_name,object name>>.
 
 [[def_shallow_repository]]shallow repository::
 	A shallow <<def_repository,repository>> has an incomplete
 	history some of whose <<def_commit,commits>> have <<def_parent,parents>> cauterized away (in other
-	words, git is told to pretend that these commits do not have the
+	words, Git is told to pretend that these commits do not have the
 	parents, even though they are recorded in the <<def_commit_object,commit
 	object>>). This is sometimes useful when you are interested only in the
 	recent history of a project even though the real history recorded in the
@@ -452,7 +445,7 @@ should not be combined with other pathspec.
 	its history can be later deepened with linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 [[def_symref]]symref::
-	Symbolic reference: instead of containing the <<def_SHA1,SHA1>>
+	Symbolic reference: instead of containing the <<def_SHA1,SHA-1>>
 	id itself, it is of the format 'ref: refs/some/thing' and when
 	referenced, it recursively dereferences to this reference.
 	'<<def_HEAD,HEAD>>' is a prime example of a symref. Symbolic
@@ -464,9 +457,9 @@ should not be combined with other pathspec.
 	object of an arbitrary type (typically a tag points to either a
 	<<def_tag_object,tag>> or a <<def_commit_object,commit object>>).
 	In contrast to a <<def_head,head>>, a tag is not updated by
-	the `commit` command. A git tag has nothing to do with a Lisp
+	the `commit` command. A Git tag has nothing to do with a Lisp
 	tag (which would be called an <<def_object_type,object type>>
-	in git's context). A tag is most typically used to mark a particular
+	in Git's context). A tag is most typically used to mark a particular
 	point in the commit ancestry <<def_chain,chain>>.
 
 [[def_tag_object]]tag object::
@@ -476,7 +469,7 @@ should not be combined with other pathspec.
 	signature, in which case it is called a "signed tag object".
 
 [[def_topic_branch]]topic branch::
-	A regular git <<def_branch,branch>> that is used by a developer to
+	A regular Git <<def_branch,branch>> that is used by a developer to
 	identify a conceptual line of development. Since branches are very easy
 	and inexpensive, it is often desirable to have several small branches
 	that each contain very well defined concepts or small incremental yet
diff --git a/Documentation/howto-index.sh b/Documentation/howto-index.sh
index 34aa30c..a234086 100755
--- a/Documentation/howto-index.sh
+++ b/Documentation/howto-index.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 cat <<\EOF
-GIT Howto Index
+Git Howto Index
 ===============
 
 Here is a collection of mailing list postings made by various
-people describing how they use git in their workflow.
+people describing how they use Git in their workflow.
 
 EOF
 
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt b/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
index 816c791..33ae69c 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 Date: Wed, 21 Nov 2007 16:32:55 -0800
 Subject: Addendum to "MaintNotes"
-Abstract: Imagine that git development is racing along as usual, when our friendly
+Abstract: Imagine that Git development is racing along as usual, when our friendly
  neighborhood maintainer is struck down by a wayward bus. Out of the
  hordes of suckers (loyal developers), you have been tricked (chosen) to
  step up as the new maintainer. This howto will show you "how to" do it.
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ How to maintain Git
 Activities
 ----------
 
-The maintainer's git time is spent on three activities.
+The maintainer's Git time is spent on three activities.
 
  - Communication (45%)
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ this mailing list after each feature release is made.
 A Typical Git Day
 -----------------
 
-A typical git day for the maintainer implements the above policy
+A typical Git day for the maintainer implements the above policy
 by doing the following:
 
  - Scan mailing list.  Respond with review comments, suggestions
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt b/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
index 36502f6..2abc3a0 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
@@ -1,25 +1,25 @@
 From: Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
 Abstract: This is how-to documentation for people who want to add extension
- commands to git.  It should be read alongside api-builtin.txt.
+ commands to Git.  It should be read alongside api-builtin.txt.
 Content-type: text/asciidoc
 
 How to integrate new subcommands
 ================================
 
 This is how-to documentation for people who want to add extension
-commands to git.  It should be read alongside api-builtin.txt.
+commands to Git.  It should be read alongside api-builtin.txt.
 
 Runtime environment
 -------------------
 
-git subcommands are standalone executables that live in the git exec
+Git subcommands are standalone executables that live in the Git exec
 path, normally /usr/lib/git-core.  The git executable itself is a
 thin wrapper that knows where the subcommands live, and runs them by
 passing command-line arguments to them.
 
-(If "git foo" is not found in the git exec path, the wrapper
+(If "git foo" is not found in the Git exec path, the wrapper
 will look in the rest of your $PATH for it.  Thus, it's possible
-to write local git extensions that don't live in system space.)
+to write local Git extensions that don't live in system space.)
 
 Implementation languages
 ------------------------
@@ -30,13 +30,13 @@ Perl.
 While we strongly encourage coding in portable C for portability,
 these specific scripting languages are also acceptable.  We won't
 accept more without a very strong technical case, as we don't want
-to broaden the git suite's required dependencies.  Import utilities,
+to broaden the Git suite's required dependencies.  Import utilities,
 surgical tools, remote helpers and other code at the edges of the
-git suite are more lenient and we allow Python (and even Tcl/tk),
+Git suite are more lenient and we allow Python (and even Tcl/tk),
 but they should not be used for core functions.
 
 This may change in the future.  Especially Python is not allowed in
-core because we need better Python integration in the git Windows
+core because we need better Python integration in the Git Windows
 installer before we can be confident people in that environment
 won't experience an unacceptably large loss of capability.
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ functions available to built-in commands written in C.
 What every extension command needs
 ----------------------------------
 
-You must have a man page, written in asciidoc (this is what git help
+You must have a man page, written in asciidoc (this is what Git help
 followed by your subcommand name will display).  Be aware that there is
 a local asciidoc configuration and macros which you should use.  It's
 often helpful to start by cloning an existing page and replacing the
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ Integrating a command
 ---------------------
 
 Here are the things you need to do when you want to merge a new
-subcommand into the git tree.
+subcommand into the Git tree.
 
 1. Don't forget to sign off your patch!
 
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt b/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
index 4627ee4..19ab604 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Cc:	Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>, Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 Subject: Re: sending changesets from the middle of a git tree
 Date:	Sun, 14 Aug 2005 18:37:39 -0700
 Abstract: In this article, JC talks about how he rebases the
- public "pu" branch using the core GIT tools when he updates
+ public "pu" branch using the core Git tools when he updates
  the "master" branch, and how "rebase" works.  Also discussed
  is how this applies to individual developers who sends patches
  upstream.
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ up.  With its basing philosophical ancestry on quilt, this is
 the kind of task StGIT is designed to do.
 
 I just have done a simpler one, this time using only the core
-GIT tools.
+Git tools.
 
 I had a handful of commits that were ahead of master in pu, and I
 wanted to add some documentation bypassing my usual habit of
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ you ran fsck-cache, which is normal.  After testing "pu", you
 can run "git prune" to get rid of those original three commits.
 
 While I am talking about "git rebase", I should talk about how
-to do cherrypicking using only the core GIT tools.
+to do cherrypicking using only the core Git tools.
 
 Let's go back to the earlier picture, with different labels.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt b/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
index 00c1b45..25378f6 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Message-ID: <7vy86o6usx.fsf@assigned-by-dhcp.cox.net>
 From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 Date: Fri, 26 Aug 2005 18:19:10 -0700
 Abstract: In this how-to article, JC talks about how he
- uses the post-update hook to automate git documentation page
+ uses the post-update hook to automate Git documentation page
  shown at http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/.
 Content-type: text/asciidoc
 
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ are built from Documentation/ directory of the git.git project
 and needed to be kept up-to-date.  The www.kernel.org/ servers
 are mirrored and I was told that the origin of the mirror is on
 the machine $some.kernel.org, on which I was given an account
-when I took over git maintainership from Linus.
+when I took over Git maintainership from Linus.
 
 The directories relevant to this how-to are these two:
 
-    /pub/scm/git/git.git/	The public git repository.
+    /pub/scm/git/git.git/	The public Git repository.
     /pub/software/scm/git/docs/	The HTML documentation page.
 
 So I made a repository to generate the documentation under my
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ script:
     EOF
 
 Initially I used to run this by hand whenever I push into the
-public git repository.  Then I did a cron job that ran twice a
+public Git repository.  Then I did a cron job that ran twice a
 day.  The current round uses the post-update hook mechanism,
 like this:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt b/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt
index 7484735..1b3b188 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt
@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ On Fri, 9 Nov 2007, Yossi Leybovich wrote:
 > Any one know how can I track this object and understand which file is it
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
-So exactly *because* the SHA1 hash is cryptographically secure, the hash
+So exactly *because* the SHA-1 hash is cryptographically secure, the hash
 itself doesn't actually tell you anything, in order to fix a corrupt
 object you basically have to find the "original source" for it.
 
 The easiest way to do that is almost always to have backups, and find the
-same object somewhere else. Backups really are a good idea, and git makes
+same object somewhere else. Backups really are a good idea, and Git makes
 it pretty easy (if nothing else, just clone the repository somewhere else,
 and make sure that you do *not* use a hard-linked clone, and preferably
 not the same disk/machine).
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ So:
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
 This is the right thing to do, although it's usually best to save it under
-it's full SHA1 name (you just dropped the "4b" from the result ;).
+it's full SHA-1 name (you just dropped the "4b" from the result ;).
 
 Let's see what that tells us:
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ working tree, in which case fixing this problem is really simple, just do
 
 	git hash-object -w my-magic-file
 
-again, and if it outputs the missing SHA1 (4b945..) you're now all done!
+again, and if it outputs the missing SHA-1 (4b945..) you're now all done!
 
 But that's the really lucky case, so let's assume that it was some older
 version that was broken. How do you tell which version it was?
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ and your repository is good again!
 	git log --raw --all
 
 and just looked for the sha of the missing object (4b9458b..) in that
-whole thing. It's up to you - git does *have* a lot of information, it is
+whole thing. It's up to you - Git does *have* a lot of information, it is
 just missing one particular blob version.
 
 Trying to recreate trees and especially commits is *much* harder. So you
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
index 8a68548..075418e 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ merged. So it's debugging hell, because now you don't have lots of small
 changes that you can try to pinpoint which _part_ of it changes.
 
 But does it all work? Sure it does. You can revert a merge, and from a
-purely technical angle, git did it very naturally and had no real
+purely technical angle, Git did it very naturally and had no real
 troubles. It just considered it a change from "state before merge" to
 "state after merge", and that was it. Nothing complicated, nothing odd,
 nothing really dangerous. Git will do it without even thinking about it.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt b/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
index a59ced8..84dd839 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ How to revert an existing commit
 ================================
 
 One of the changes I pulled into the 'master' branch turns out to
-break building GIT with GCC 2.95.  While they were well intentioned
+break building Git with GCC 2.95.  While they were well intentioned
 portability fixes, keeping things working with gcc-2.95 was also
 important.  Here is what I did to revert the change in the 'master'
-branch and to adjust the 'pu' branch, using core GIT tools and
+branch and to adjust the 'pu' branch, using core Git tools and
 barebone Porcelain.
 
 First, prepare a throw-away branch in case I screw things up.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt b/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
index a695f01..7f4943e 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 From: Rutger Nijlunsing <rutger@nospam.com>
-Subject: Setting up a git repository which can be pushed into and pulled from over HTTP(S).
+Subject: Setting up a Git repository which can be pushed into and pulled from over HTTP(S).
 Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2006 22:00:26 +0200
 Content-type: text/asciidoc
 
-How to setup git server over http
+How to setup Git server over http
 =================================
 
 Since Apache is one of those packages people like to compile
@@ -44,20 +44,20 @@ What's needed:
 
 - have permissions to chown a directory
 
-- have git installed on the client, and
+- have Git installed on the client, and
 
-- either have git installed on the server or have a webdav client on
+- either have Git installed on the server or have a webdav client on
   the client.
 
 In effect, this means you're going to be root, or that you're using a
 preconfigured WebDAV server.
 
 
-Step 1: setup a bare GIT repository
+Step 1: setup a bare Git repository
 -----------------------------------
 
-At the time of writing, git-http-push cannot remotely create a GIT
-repository. So we have to do that at the server side with git. Another
+At the time of writing, git-http-push cannot remotely create a Git
+repository. So we have to do that at the server side with Git. Another
 option is to generate an empty bare repository at the client and copy
 it to the server with a WebDAV client (which is the only option if Git
 is not installed on the server).
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ http://<servername>/my-new-repo.git [x] Open as webfolder -> login .
 Step 3: setup the client
 ------------------------
 
-Make sure that you have HTTP support, i.e. your git was built with
+Make sure that you have HTTP support, i.e. your Git was built with
 libcurl (version more recent than 7.10). The command 'git http-push' with
 no argument should display a usage message.
 
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ Reading /usr/local/apache2/logs/error_log is often helpful.
 
   On Debian: Read /var/log/apache2/error.log instead.
 
-If you access HTTPS locations, git may fail verifying the SSL
+If you access HTTPS locations, Git may fail verifying the SSL
 certificate (this is return code 60). Setting http.sslVerify=false can
 help diagnosing the problem, but removes security checks.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt b/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt
index 23cdf35..7af2e52 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ How to use git-daemon
 =====================
 
 Git can be run in inetd mode and in stand alone mode. But all you want is
-let a coworker pull from you, and therefore need to set up a git server
+let a coworker pull from you, and therefore need to set up a Git server
 real quick, right?
 
 Note that git-daemon is not really chatty at the moment, especially when
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.txt b/Documentation/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.txt
index 00f693b..bbf040e 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.txt
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Earlier, a typical pull request may have started like this:
 
    Froboz 3.2 (2011-09-30 14:20:57 -0700)
 
- are available in the git repository at:
+ are available in the Git repository at:
 
    example.com:/git/froboz.git for-xyzzy
 ------------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ The resulting msg.txt file begins like so:
 
    Froboz 3.2 (2011-09-30 14:20:57 -0700)
 
- are available in the git repository at:
+ are available in the Git repository at:
 
    example.com:/git/froboz.git tags/frotz-for-xyzzy
 
diff --git a/Documentation/i18n.txt b/Documentation/i18n.txt
index 625d315..e9a1d5d 100644
--- a/Documentation/i18n.txt
+++ b/Documentation/i18n.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-At the core level, git is character encoding agnostic.
+At the core level, Git is character encoding agnostic.
 
  - The pathnames recorded in the index and in the tree objects
    are treated as uninterpreted sequences of non-NUL bytes.
    What readdir(2) returns are what are recorded and compared
-   with the data git keeps track of, which in turn are expected
+   with the data Git keeps track of, which in turn are expected
    to be what lstat(2) and creat(2) accepts.  There is no such
    thing as pathname encoding translation.
 
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ At the core level, git is character encoding agnostic.
    bytes.
 
 Although we encourage that the commit log messages are encoded
-in UTF-8, both the core and git Porcelain are designed not to
+in UTF-8, both the core and Git Porcelain are designed not to
 force UTF-8 on projects.  If all participants of a particular
-project find it more convenient to use legacy encodings, git
+project find it more convenient to use legacy encodings, Git
 does not forbid it.  However, there are a few things to keep in
 mind.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/mailmap.txt b/Documentation/mailmap.txt
index dd89fca..4a8c276 100644
--- a/Documentation/mailmap.txt
+++ b/Documentation/mailmap.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 If the file `.mailmap` exists at the toplevel of the repository, or at
-the location pointed to by the mailmap.file configuration option, it
+the location pointed to by the mailmap.file or mailmap.blob
+configuration options, it
 is used to map author and committer names and email addresses to
 canonical real names and email addresses.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-config.txt b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
index 9bb4956..d78d6d8 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ merge.defaultToUpstream::
 	these tracking branches are merged.
 
 merge.ff::
-	By default, git does not create an extra merge commit when merging
+	By default, Git does not create an extra merge commit when merging
 	a commit that is a descendant of the current commit. Instead, the
 	tip of the current branch is fast-forwarded. When set to `false`,
-	this variable tells git to create an extra merge commit in such
+	this variable tells Git to create an extra merge commit in such
 	a case (equivalent to giving the `--no-ff` option from the command
 	line). When set to `only`, only such fast-forward merges are
 	allowed (equivalent to giving the `--ff-only` option from the
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ merge.renameLimit::
 	diff.renameLimit.
 
 merge.renormalize::
-	Tell git that canonical representation of files in the
+	Tell Git that canonical representation of files in the
 	repository has changed over time (e.g. earlier commits record
 	text files with CRLF line endings, but recent ones use LF line
-	endings).  In such a repository, git can convert the data
+	endings).  In such a repository, Git can convert the data
 	recorded in commits to a canonical form before performing a
 	merge to reduce unnecessary conflicts.  For more information,
 	see section "Merging branches with differing checkin/checkout
@@ -52,12 +52,12 @@ merge.stat::
 	at the end of the merge.  True by default.
 
 merge.tool::
-	Controls which merge resolution program is used by
-	linkgit:git-mergetool[1].  Valid built-in values are: "araxis",
-	"bc3", "diffuse", "ecmerge", "emerge", "gvimdiff", "kdiff3", "meld",
-	"opendiff", "p4merge", "tkdiff", "tortoisemerge", "vimdiff"
-	and "xxdiff".  Any other value is treated is custom merge tool
-	and there must be a corresponding mergetool.<tool>.cmd option.
+	Controls which merge tool is used by linkgit:git-mergetool[1].
+	The list below shows the valid built-in values.
+	Any other value is treated as a custom merge tool and requires
+	that a corresponding mergetool.<tool>.cmd variable is defined.
+
+include::mergetools-merge.txt[]
 
 merge.verbosity::
 	Controls the amount of output shown by the recursive merge
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-options.txt b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
index 34a8445..2adccf8 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
@@ -84,6 +84,11 @@ option can be used to override --squash.
 	Pass merge strategy specific option through to the merge
 	strategy.
 
+--verify-signatures::
+--no-verify-signatures::
+	Verify that the commits being merged have good and trusted GPG signatures
+	and abort the merge in case they do not.
+
 --summary::
 --no-summary::
 	Synonyms to --stat and --no-stat; these are deprecated and will be
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
index 66db802..49a9a7d 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
@@ -48,6 +48,12 @@ patience;;
 	this when the branches to be merged have diverged wildly.
 	See also linkgit:git-diff[1] `--patience`.
 
+diff-algorithm=[patience|minimal|histogram|myers];;
+	Tells 'merge-recursive' to use a different diff algorithm, which
+	can help avoid mismerges that occur due to unimportant matching
+	lines (such as braces from distinct functions).  See also
+	linkgit:git-diff[1] `--diff-algorithm`.
+
 ignore-space-change;;
 ignore-all-space;;
 ignore-space-at-eol;;
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
index d9edded..1d174fd 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ This is designed to be as compact as possible.
 * 'raw'
 +
 The 'raw' format shows the entire commit exactly as
-stored in the commit object.  Notably, the SHA1s are
+stored in the commit object.  Notably, the SHA-1s are
 displayed in full, regardless of whether --abbrev or
 --no-abbrev are used, and 'parents' information show the
 true parent commits, without taking grafts nor history
@@ -106,18 +106,22 @@ The placeholders are:
 - '%P': parent hashes
 - '%p': abbreviated parent hashes
 - '%an': author name
-- '%aN': author name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
+- '%aN': author name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1]
+  or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%ae': author email
-- '%aE': author email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
+- '%aE': author email (respecting .mailmap, see
+  linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%ad': author date (format respects --date= option)
 - '%aD': author date, RFC2822 style
 - '%ar': author date, relative
 - '%at': author date, UNIX timestamp
 - '%ai': author date, ISO 8601 format
 - '%cn': committer name
-- '%cN': committer name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
+- '%cN': committer name (respecting .mailmap, see
+  linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%ce': committer email
-- '%cE': committer email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
+- '%cE': committer email (respecting .mailmap, see
+  linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%cd': committer date
 - '%cD': committer date, RFC2822 style
 - '%cr': committer date, relative
@@ -131,26 +135,49 @@ The placeholders are:
 - '%B': raw body (unwrapped subject and body)
 - '%N': commit notes
 - '%GG': raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit
-- '%G?': show either "G" for Good or "B" for Bad for a signed commit
+- '%G?': show "G" for a Good signature, "B" for a Bad signature, "U" for a good,
+  untrusted signature and "N" for no signature
 - '%GS': show the name of the signer for a signed commit
+- '%GK': show the key used to sign a signed commit
 - '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}`
 - '%gd': shortened reflog selector, e.g., `stash@{1}`
 - '%gn': reflog identity name
-- '%gN': reflog identity name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
+- '%gN': reflog identity name (respecting .mailmap, see
+  linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%ge': reflog identity email
-- '%gE': reflog identity email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
+- '%gE': reflog identity email (respecting .mailmap, see
+  linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%gs': reflog subject
 - '%Cred': switch color to red
 - '%Cgreen': switch color to green
 - '%Cblue': switch color to blue
 - '%Creset': reset color
-- '%C(...)': color specification, as described in color.branch.* config option
+- '%C(...)': color specification, as described in color.branch.* config option;
+  adding `auto,` at the beginning will emit color only when colors are
+  enabled for log output (by `color.diff`, `color.ui`, or `--color`, and
+  respecting the `auto` settings of the former if we are going to a
+  terminal). `auto` alone (i.e. `%C(auto)`) will turn on auto coloring
+  on the next placeholders until the color is switched again.
 - '%m': left, right or boundary mark
 - '%n': newline
 - '%%': a raw '%'
 - '%x00': print a byte from a hex code
 - '%w([<w>[,<i1>[,<i2>]]])': switch line wrapping, like the -w option of
   linkgit:git-shortlog[1].
+- '%<(<N>[,trunc|ltrunc|mtrunc])': make the next placeholder take at
+  least N columns, padding spaces on the right if necessary.
+  Optionally truncate at the beginning (ltrunc), the middle (mtrunc)
+  or the end (trunc) if the output is longer than N columns.
+  Note that truncating only works correctly with N >= 2.
+- '%<|(<N>)': make the next placeholder take at least until Nth
+  columns, padding spaces on the right if necessary
+- '%>(<N>)', '%>|(<N>)': similar to '%<(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)'
+  respectively, but padding spaces on the left
+- '%>>(<N>)', '%>>|(<N>)': similar to '%>(<N>)', '%>|(<N>)'
+  respectively, except that if the next placeholder takes more spaces
+  than given and there are spaces on its left, use those spaces
+- '%><(<N>)', '%><|(<N>)': similar to '% <(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)'
+  respectively, but padding both sides (i.e. the text is centered)
 
 NOTE: Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the
 revision traversal engine. For example, the `%g*` reflog options will
diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
index 1ec14a0..3bdbf5e 100644
--- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ together.
 Object Traversal
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-These options are mostly targeted for packing of git repositories.
+These options are mostly targeted for packing of Git repositories.
 
 --objects::
 
@@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ format, often found in E-mail messages.
 +
 `--date=short` shows only date but not time, in `YYYY-MM-DD` format.
 +
-`--date=raw` shows the date in the internal raw git format `%s %z` format.
+`--date=raw` shows the date in the internal raw Git format `%s %z` format.
 +
 `--date=default` shows timestamps in the original timezone
 (either committer's or author's).
diff --git a/Documentation/revisions.txt b/Documentation/revisions.txt
index 013f0de..d477b3f 100644
--- a/Documentation/revisions.txt
+++ b/Documentation/revisions.txt
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ SPECIFYING REVISIONS
 --------------------
 
 A revision parameter '<rev>' typically, but not necessarily, names a
-commit object.  It uses what is called an 'extended SHA1'
+commit object.  It uses what is called an 'extended SHA-1'
 syntax.  Here are various ways to spell object names.  The
 ones listed near the end of this list name trees and
 blobs contained in a commit.
 
 '<sha1>', e.g. 'dae86e1950b1277e545cee180551750029cfe735', 'dae86e'::
-  The full SHA1 object name (40-byte hexadecimal string), or
+  The full SHA-1 object name (40-byte hexadecimal string), or
   a leading substring that is unique within the repository.
   E.g. dae86e1950b1277e545cee180551750029cfe735 and dae86e both
   name the same commit object if there is no other object in
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ blobs contained in a commit.
   A symbolic ref name.  E.g. 'master' typically means the commit
   object referenced by 'refs/heads/master'.  If you
   happen to have both 'heads/master' and 'tags/master', you can
-  explicitly say 'heads/master' to tell git which one you mean.
+  explicitly say 'heads/master' to tell Git which one you mean.
   When ambiguous, a '<refname>' is disambiguated by taking the
   first match in the following rules:
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ when you run `git cherry-pick`.
 +
 Note that any of the 'refs/*' cases above may come either from
 the '$GIT_DIR/refs' directory or from the '$GIT_DIR/packed-refs' file.
-While the ref name encoding is unspecified, UTF-8 is prefered as
+While the ref name encoding is unspecified, UTF-8 is preferred as
 some output processing may assume ref names in UTF-8.
 
 '<refname>@\{<date>\}', e.g. 'master@\{yesterday\}', 'HEAD@\{5 minutes ago\}'::
@@ -116,6 +116,11 @@ some output processing may assume ref names in UTF-8.
   object of that type is found or the object cannot be
   dereferenced anymore (in which case, barf).  '<rev>{caret}0'
   is a short-hand for '<rev>{caret}\{commit\}'.
++
+'rev{caret}\{object\}' can be used to make sure 'rev' names an
+object that exists, without requiring 'rev' to be a tag, and
+without dereferencing 'rev'; because a tag is already an object,
+it does not have to be dereferenced even once to get to an object.
 
 '<rev>{caret}\{\}', e.g. 'v0.99.8{caret}\{\}'::
   A suffix '{caret}' followed by an empty brace pair
@@ -239,11 +244,13 @@ To summarize:
 
 '<rev1>..<rev2>'::
 	Include commits that are reachable from <rev2> but exclude
-	those that are reachable from <rev1>.
+	those that are reachable from <rev1>.  When either <rev1> or
+	<rev2> is omitted, it defaults to 'HEAD'.
 
 '<rev1>\...<rev2>'::
 	Include commits that are reachable from either <rev1> or
-	<rev2> but exclude those that are reachable from both.
+	<rev2> but exclude those that are reachable from both.  When
+	either <rev1> or <rev2> is omitted, it defaults to 'HEAD'.
 
 '<rev>{caret}@', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}@'::
   A suffix '{caret}' followed by an at sign is the same as listing
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt
index a959517..a6b7d83 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Functions
 	initial, empty state.
 
 `argv_array_detach`::
-	Detach the argv array from the `struct argv_array`, transfering
+	Detach the argv array from the `struct argv_array`, transferring
 	ownership of the allocated array and strings.
 
 `argv_array_free_detached`::
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt
index b0cafe8..4a4228b 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Adding a new built-in
 ---------------------
 
 There are 4 things to do to add a built-in command implementation to
-git:
+Git:
 
 . Define the implementation of the built-in command `foo` with
   signature:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ where options is the bitwise-or of:
 
 `RUN_SETUP`::
 
-	Make sure there is a git directory to work on, and if there is a
+	Make sure there is a Git directory to work on, and if there is a
 	work tree, chdir to the top of it if the command was invoked
 	in a subdirectory.  If there is no work tree, no chdir() is
 	done.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt
index edf8dfb..230b3a0 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 config API
 ==========
 
-The config API gives callers a way to access git configuration files
+The config API gives callers a way to access Git configuration files
 (and files which have the same syntax). See linkgit:git-config[1] for a
 discussion of the config file syntax.
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Config files are parsed linearly, and each variable found is passed to a
 caller-provided callback function. The callback function is responsible
 for any actions to be taken on the config option, and is free to ignore
 some options. It is not uncommon for the configuration to be parsed
-several times during the run of a git program, with different callbacks
+several times during the run of a Git program, with different callbacks
 picking out different variables useful to themselves.
 
 A config callback function takes three parameters:
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ Basic Config Querying
 ---------------------
 
 Most programs will simply want to look up variables in all config files
-that git knows about, using the normal precedence rules. To do this,
+that Git knows about, using the normal precedence rules. To do this,
 call `git_config` with a callback function and void data pointer.
 
 `git_config` will read all config sources in order of increasing
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ value is left at the end).
 
 The `git_config_with_options` function lets the caller examine config
 while adjusting some of the default behavior of `git_config`. It should
-almost never be used by "regular" git code that is looking up
+almost never be used by "regular" Git code that is looking up
 configuration variables. It is intended for advanced callers like
 `git-config`, which are intentionally tweaking the normal config-lookup
 process. It takes two extra parameters:
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Regular `git_config` defaults to `1`.
 There is a special version of `git_config` called `git_config_early`.
 This version takes an additional parameter to specify the repository
 config, instead of having it looked up via `git_path`. This is useful
-early in a git program before the repository has been found. Unless
+early in a Git program before the repository has been found. Unless
 you're working with early setup code, you probably don't want to use
 this.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
index 5977b58..c1b42a4 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ world can take many forms, in this document the word "credential" always
 refers to a username and password pair).
 
 This document describes two interfaces: the C API that the credential
-subsystem provides to the rest of git, and the protocol that git uses to
+subsystem provides to the rest of Git, and the protocol that Git uses to
 communicate with system-specific "credential helpers". If you are
-writing git code that wants to look up or prompt for credentials, see
+writing Git code that wants to look up or prompt for credentials, see
 the section "C API" below. If you want to write your own helper, see
 the section on "Credential Helpers" below.
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Typical setup
 
 ------------
 +-----------------------+
-| git code (C)          |--- to server requiring --->
+| Git code (C)          |--- to server requiring --->
 |                       |        authentication
 |.......................|
 | C credential API      |--- prompt ---> User
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ Typical setup
 	| pipe |
 	|      v
 +-----------------------+
-| git credential helper |
+| Git credential helper |
 +-----------------------+
 ------------
 
-The git code (typically a remote-helper) will call the C API to obtain
+The Git code (typically a remote-helper) will call the C API to obtain
 credential data like a login/password pair (credential_fill). The
 API will itself call a remote helper (e.g. "git credential-cache" or
 "git credential-store") that may retrieve credential data from a
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ contacting the server, and does the actual authentication.
 C API
 -----
 
-The credential C API is meant to be called by git code which needs to
+The credential C API is meant to be called by Git code which needs to
 acquire or store a credential. It is centered around an object
 representing a single credential and provides three basic operations:
 fill (acquire credentials by calling helpers and/or prompting the user),
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ int foo_login(struct foo_connection *f)
 		break;
 	default:
 		/*
-		 * Some other error occured. We don't know if the
+		 * Some other error occurred. We don't know if the
 		 * credential is good or bad, so report nothing to the
 		 * credential subsystem.
 		 */
@@ -177,14 +177,14 @@ int foo_login(struct foo_connection *f)
 Credential Helpers
 ------------------
 
-Credential helpers are programs executed by git to fetch or save
+Credential helpers are programs executed by Git to fetch or save
 credentials from and to long-term storage (where "long-term" is simply
-longer than a single git process; e.g., credentials may be stored
+longer than a single Git process; e.g., credentials may be stored
 in-memory for a few minutes, or indefinitely on disk).
 
 Each helper is specified by a single string in the configuration
 variable `credential.helper` (and others, see linkgit:git-config[1]).
-The string is transformed by git into a command to be executed using
+The string is transformed by Git into a command to be executed using
 these rules:
 
   1. If the helper string begins with "!", it is considered a shell
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ FORMAT` in linkgit:git-credential[7] for a detailed specification).
 For a `get` operation, the helper should produce a list of attributes
 on stdout in the same format. A helper is free to produce a subset, or
 even no values at all if it has nothing useful to provide. Any provided
-attributes will overwrite those already known about by git.
+attributes will overwrite those already known about by Git.
 
 For a `store` or `erase` operation, the helper's output is ignored.
 If it fails to perform the requested operation, it may complain to
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
index add6f43..7f8e78d 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
@@ -9,37 +9,51 @@ Data structure
 --------------
 
 `struct dir_struct` structure is used to pass directory traversal
-options to the library and to record the paths discovered.  The notable
-options are:
+options to the library and to record the paths discovered.  A single
+`struct dir_struct` is used regardless of whether or not the traversal
+recursively descends into subdirectories.
+
+The notable options are:
 
 `exclude_per_dir`::
 
 	The name of the file to be read in each directory for excluded
 	files (typically `.gitignore`).
 
-`collect_ignored`::
+`flags`::
+
+	A bit-field of options (the `*IGNORED*` flags are mutually exclusive):
+
+`DIR_SHOW_IGNORED`:::
+
+	Return just ignored files in `entries[]`, not untracked files.
+
+`DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO`:::
 
-	Include paths that are to be excluded in the result.
+	Similar to `DIR_SHOW_IGNORED`, but return ignored files in `ignored[]`
+	in addition to untracked files in `entries[]`.
 
-`show_ignored`::
+`DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED`:::
 
-	The traversal is for finding just ignored files, not unignored
-	files.
+	Special mode for git-add. Return ignored files in `ignored[]` and
+	untracked files in `entries[]`. Only returns ignored files that match
+	pathspec exactly (no wildcards). Does not recurse into ignored
+	directories.
 
-`show_other_directories`::
+`DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES`:::
 
 	Include a directory that is not tracked.
 
-`hide_empty_directories`::
+`DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES`:::
 
 	Do not include a directory that is not tracked and is empty.
 
-`no_gitlinks`::
+`DIR_NO_GITLINKS`:::
 
-	If set, recurse into a directory that looks like a git
+	If set, recurse into a directory that looks like a Git
 	directory.  Otherwise it is shown as a directory.
 
-The result of the enumeration is left in these fields::
+The result of the enumeration is left in these fields:
 
 `entries[]`::
 
@@ -54,6 +68,14 @@ The result of the enumeration is left in these fields::
 
 	Internal use; keeps track of allocation of `entries[]` array.
 
+`ignored[]`::
+
+	An array of `struct dir_entry`, used for ignored paths with the
+	`DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO` and `DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED` flags.
+
+`ignored_nr`::
+
+	The number of members in `ignored[]` array.
 
 Calling sequence
 ----------------
@@ -64,11 +86,13 @@ marked. If you to exclude files, make sure you have loaded index first.
 * Prepare `struct dir_struct dir` and clear it with `memset(&dir, 0,
   sizeof(dir))`.
 
-* Call `add_exclude()` to add single exclude pattern,
-  `add_excludes_from_file()` to add patterns from a file
-  (e.g. `.git/info/exclude`), and/or set `dir.exclude_per_dir`.  A
-  short-hand function `setup_standard_excludes()` can be used to set up
-  the standard set of exclude settings.
+* To add single exclude pattern, call `add_exclude_list()` and then
+  `add_exclude()`.
+
+* To add patterns from a file (e.g. `.git/info/exclude`), call
+  `add_excludes_from_file()` , and/or set `dir.exclude_per_dir`.  A
+  short-hand function `setup_standard_excludes()` can be used to set
+  up the standard set of exclude settings.
 
 * Set options described in the Data Structure section above.
 
@@ -76,4 +100,6 @@ marked. If you to exclude files, make sure you have loaded index first.
 
 * Use `dir.entries[]`.
 
+* Call `clear_directory()` when none of the contained elements are no longer in use.
+
 (JC)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt
index 730cfac..eda8c19 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-GIT API Documents
+Git API Documents
 =================
 
-GIT has grown a set of internal API over time.  This collection
+Git has grown a set of internal API over time.  This collection
 documents them.
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
index a8bae69..1317db4 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 parse-options API
 =================
 
-The parse-options API is used to parse and massage options in git
+The parse-options API is used to parse and massage options in Git
 and to provide a usage help with consistent look.
 
 Basics
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-ref-iteration.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-ref-iteration.txt
index dbbea95..aa1c50f 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-ref-iteration.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-ref-iteration.txt
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Iteration functions
 * `head_ref_submodule()`, `for_each_ref_submodule()`,
   `for_each_ref_in_submodule()`, `for_each_tag_ref_submodule()`,
   `for_each_branch_ref_submodule()`, `for_each_remote_ref_submodule()`
-  do the same as the functions descibed above but for a specified
+  do the same as the functions described above but for a specified
   submodule.
 
 * `for_each_rawref()` can be used to learn about broken ref and symref.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
index c54b17d..4be8776 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Remotes configuration API
 
 The API in remote.h gives access to the configuration related to
 remotes. It handles all three configuration mechanisms historically
-and currently used by git, and presents the information in a uniform
+and currently used by Git, and presents the information in a uniform
 fashion. Note that the code also handles plain URLs without any
 configuration, giving them just the default information.
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ struct remote
 `receivepack`, `uploadpack`::
 
 	The configured helper programs to run on the remote side, for
-	git-native protocols.
+	Git-native protocols.
 
 `http_proxy`::
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt
index 45d1c51..3e75497 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 sha1-array API
 ==============
 
-The sha1-array API provides storage and manipulation of sets of SHA1
+The sha1-array API provides storage and manipulation of sets of SHA-1
 identifiers. The emphasis is on storage and processing efficiency,
 making them suitable for large lists. Note that the ordering of items is
 not preserved over some operations.
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Data Structures
 
 `struct sha1_array`::
 
-	A single array of SHA1 hashes. This should be initialized by
+	A single array of SHA-1 hashes. This should be initialized by
 	assignment from `SHA1_ARRAY_INIT`.  The `sha1` member contains
 	the actual data. The `nr` member contains the number of items in
 	the set.  The `alloc` and `sorted` members are used internally,
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
index 84686b5..3350d97 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
@@ -156,6 +156,11 @@ then they will free() it.
 	Remove the bytes between `pos..pos+len` and replace it with the given
 	data.
 
+`strbuf_add_commented_lines`::
+
+	Add a NUL-terminated string to the buffer. Each line will be prepended
+	by a comment character and a blank.
+
 `strbuf_add`::
 
 	Add data of given length to the buffer.
@@ -225,10 +230,20 @@ which can be used by the programmer of the callback as she sees fit.
 	destination. This is useful for literal data to be fed to either
 	strbuf_expand or to the *printf family of functions.
 
+`strbuf_humanise_bytes`::
+
+	Append the given byte size as a human-readable string (i.e. 12.23 KiB,
+	3.50 MiB).
+
 `strbuf_addf`::
 
 	Add a formatted string to the buffer.
 
+`strbuf_commented_addf`::
+
+	Add a formatted string prepended by a comment character and a
+	blank to the buffer.
+
 `strbuf_fread`::
 
 	Read a given size of data from a FILE* pointer to the buffer.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
index dcd51b9..0810251 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-GIT index format
+Git index format
 ================
 
-== The git index file has the following format
+== The Git index file has the following format
 
   All binary numbers are in network byte order. Version 2 is described
   here unless stated otherwise.
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ GIT index format
    - Extensions
 
      Extensions are identified by signature. Optional extensions can
-     be ignored if GIT does not understand them.
+     be ignored if Git does not understand them.
 
-     GIT currently supports cached tree and resolve undo extensions.
+     Git currently supports cached tree and resolve undo extensions.
 
      4-byte extension signature. If the first byte is 'A'..'Z' the
      extension is optional and can be ignored.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
index f194d1c..8e5bf60 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-GIT pack format
+Git pack format
 ===============
 
 == pack-*.pack files have the following format:
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ GIT pack format
          The signature is: {'P', 'A', 'C', 'K'}
 
      4-byte version number (network byte order):
-         GIT currently accepts version number 2 or 3 but
+	 Git currently accepts version number 2 or 3 but
          generates version 2 only.
 
      4-byte number of objects contained in the pack (network byte order)
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ GIT pack format
      Observation: length of each object is encoded in a variable
      length format and is not constrained to 32-bit or anything.
 
-  - The trailer records 20-byte SHA1 checksum of all of the above.
+  - The trailer records 20-byte SHA-1 checksum of all of the above.
 
 == Original (version 1) pack-*.idx files have the following format:
 
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ GIT pack format
 
   - The file is concluded with a trailer:
 
-    A copy of the 20-byte SHA1 checksum at the end of
+    A copy of the 20-byte SHA-1 checksum at the end of
     corresponding packfile.
 
-    20-byte SHA1-checksum of all of the above.
+    20-byte SHA-1-checksum of all of the above.
 
 Pack Idx file:
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ Pack file entry: <+
         If it is not DELTA, then deflated bytes (the size above
 		is the size before compression).
 	If it is REF_DELTA, then
-	  20-byte base object name SHA1 (the size above is the
+	  20-byte base object name SHA-1 (the size above is the
 		size of the delta data that follows).
           delta data, deflated.
 	If it is OFS_DELTA, then
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ Pack file entry: <+
 
   - A 256-entry fan-out table just like v1.
 
-  - A table of sorted 20-byte SHA1 object names.  These are
+  - A table of sorted 20-byte SHA-1 object names.  These are
     packed together without offset values to reduce the cache
     footprint of the binary search for a specific object name.
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ Pack file entry: <+
 
   - The same trailer as a v1 pack file:
 
-    A copy of the 20-byte SHA1 checksum at the end of
+    A copy of the 20-byte SHA-1 checksum at the end of
     corresponding packfile.
 
-    20-byte SHA1-checksum of all of the above.
+    20-byte SHA-1-checksum of all of the above.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-heuristics.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-heuristics.txt
index 103eb5d..8b7ae1c 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-heuristics.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-heuristics.txt
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
 
                   Where do I go
                to learn the details
-	    of git's packing heuristics?
+	    of Git's packing heuristics?
 
 Be careful what you ask!
 
-Followers of the git, please open the git IRC Log and turn to
+Followers of the Git, please open the Git IRC Log and turn to
 February 10, 2006.
 
 It's a rare occasion, and we are joined by the King Git Himself,
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ and seeks enlightenment.  Others are present, but silent.
 Let's listen in!
 
     <njs`> Oh, here's a really stupid question -- where do I go to
-        learn the details of git's packing heuristics?  google avails
+	learn the details of Git's packing heuristics?  google avails
         me not, reading the source didn't help a lot, and wading
         through the whole mailing list seems less efficient than any
         of that.
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Ah!  Modesty after all.
 
     <linus> njs, I don't think the docs exist. That's something where
 	 I don't think anybody else than me even really got involved.
-	 Most of the rest of git others have been busy with (especially
+	 Most of the rest of Git others have been busy with (especially
 	 Junio), but packing nobody touched after I did it.
 
 It's cryptic, yet vague.  Linus in style for sure.  Wise men
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ Bait...
 
 And switch.  That ought to do it!
 
-    <linus> Remember: git really doesn't follow files. So what it does is
+    <linus> Remember: Git really doesn't follow files. So what it does is
         - generate a list of all objects
         - sort the list according to magic heuristics
         - walk the list, using a sliding window, seeing if an object
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Ah, grasshopper!  And thus the enlightenment begins anew.
 
     <linus> The "magic" is actually in theory totally arbitrary.
         ANY order will give you a working pack, but no, it's not
-        ordered by SHA1.
+	ordered by SHA-1.
 
         Before talking about the ordering for the sliding delta
         window, let's talk about the recency order. That's more
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ The 'net never forgets, so that should be good until the end of time.
     <njs`> (if only it happened more...)
 
     <linus> Anyway, the pack-file could easily be denser still, but
-        because it's used both for streaming (the git protocol) and
+	because it's used both for streaming (the Git protocol) and
         for on-disk, it has a few pessimizations.
 
 Actually, it is a made-up word. But it is a made-up word being
@@ -432,12 +432,12 @@ Gasp!  OK, saved.  That's a fair Engineering trade off.  Close call!
 In fact, Linus reflects on some Basic Engineering Fundamentals,
 design options, etc.
 
-    <linus> More importantly, they allow git to still _conceptually_
+    <linus> More importantly, they allow Git to still _conceptually_
         never deal with deltas at all, and be a "whole object" store.
 
         Which has some problems (we discussed bad huge-file
-        behaviour on the git lists the other day), but it does mean
-        that the basic git concepts are really really simple and
+	behaviour on the Git lists the other day), but it does mean
+	that the basic Git concepts are really really simple and
         straightforward.
 
         It's all been quite stable.
@@ -461,6 +461,6 @@ Nuff said.
     <njs`> :-)
 
     <njs`> appreciate the infodump, I really was failing to find the
-        details on git packs :-)
+	details on Git packs :-)
 
 And now you know the rest of the story.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
index f1a51ed..b898e97 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
@@ -228,8 +228,7 @@ obtained through ref discovery.
 The client MUST write all obj-ids which it only has shallow copies
 of (meaning that it does not have the parents of a commit) as
 'shallow' lines so that the server is aware of the limitations of
-the client's history. Clients MUST NOT mention an obj-id which
-it does not know exists on the server.
+the client's history.
 
 The client now sends the maximum commit history depth it wants for
 this transaction, which is the number of commits it wants from the
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt b/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
index 53aa0c8..6dc82ca 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-Use of index and Racy git problem
+Use of index and Racy Git problem
 =================================
 
 Background
 ----------
 
-The index is one of the most important data structures in git.
+The index is one of the most important data structures in Git.
 It represents a virtual working tree state by recording list of
 paths and their object names and serves as a staging area to
 write out the next tree object to be committed.  The state is
 "virtual" in the sense that it does not necessarily have to, and
 often does not, match the files in the working tree.
 
-There are cases git needs to examine the differences between the
+There are cases Git needs to examine the differences between the
 virtual working tree state in the index and the files in the
 working tree.  The most obvious case is when the user asks `git
 diff` (or its low level implementation, `git diff-files`) or
-`git-ls-files --modified`.  In addition, git internally checks
+`git-ls-files --modified`.  In addition, Git internally checks
 if the files in the working tree are different from what are
 recorded in the index to avoid stomping on local changes in them
 during patch application, switching branches, and merging.
@@ -24,16 +24,16 @@ In order to speed up this comparison between the files in the
 working tree and the index entries, the index entries record the
 information obtained from the filesystem via `lstat(2)` system
 call when they were last updated.  When checking if they differ,
-git first runs `lstat(2)` on the files and compares the result
+Git first runs `lstat(2)` on the files and compares the result
 with this information (this is what was originally done by the
 `ce_match_stat()` function, but the current code does it in
 `ce_match_stat_basic()` function).  If some of these "cached
-stat information" fields do not match, git can tell that the
+stat information" fields do not match, Git can tell that the
 files are modified without even looking at their contents.
 
 Note: not all members in `struct stat` obtained via `lstat(2)`
 are used for this comparison.  For example, `st_atime` obviously
-is not useful.  Currently, git compares the file type (regular
+is not useful.  Currently, Git compares the file type (regular
 files vs symbolic links) and executable bits (only for regular
 files) from `st_mode` member, `st_mtime` and `st_ctime`
 timestamps, `st_uid`, `st_gid`, `st_ino`, and `st_size` members.
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tglx/history.git
 ([PATCH] Sync in core time granuality with filesystems,
 2005-01-04).
 
-Racy git
+Racy Git
 --------
 
 There is one slight problem with the optimization based on the
@@ -67,13 +67,13 @@ timestamp does not change, after this sequence, the cached stat
 information the index entry records still exactly match what you
 would see in the filesystem, even though the file `foo` is now
 different.
-This way, git can incorrectly think files in the working tree
+This way, Git can incorrectly think files in the working tree
 are unmodified even though they actually are.  This is called
-the "racy git" problem (discovered by Pasky), and the entries
+the "racy Git" problem (discovered by Pasky), and the entries
 that appear clean when they may not be because of this problem
 are called "racily clean".
 
-To avoid this problem, git does two things:
+To avoid this problem, Git does two things:
 
 . When the cached stat information says the file has not been
   modified, and the `st_mtime` is the same as (or newer than)
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ timestamp comparison check done with the former logic anymore.
 The latter makes sure that the cached stat information for `foo`
 would never match with the file in the working tree, so later
 checks by `ce_match_stat_basic()` would report that the index entry
-does not match the file and git does not have to fall back on more
+does not match the file and Git does not have to fall back on more
 expensive `ce_modified_check_fs()`.
 
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ of the cached stat information.
 Avoiding runtime penalty
 ------------------------
 
-In order to avoid the above runtime penalty, post 1.4.2 git used
+In order to avoid the above runtime penalty, post 1.4.2 Git used
 to have a code that made sure the index file
 got timestamp newer than the youngest files in the index when
 there are many young files with the same timestamp as the
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt b/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt
index 0502a54..5183b15 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ repo, and therefore grafts are introduced pretending that
 these commits have no parents.
 *********************************************************
 
-The basic idea is to write the SHA1s of shallow commits into
+The basic idea is to write the SHA-1s of shallow commits into
 $GIT_DIR/shallow, and handle its contents like the contents
 of $GIT_DIR/info/grafts (with the difference that shallow
 cannot contain parent information).
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ even the config, since the user should not touch that file
 at all (even throughout development of the shallow clone, it
 was never manually edited!).
 
-Each line contains exactly one SHA1. When read, a commit_graft
+Each line contains exactly one SHA-1. When read, a commit_graft
 will be constructed, which has nr_parent < 0 to make it easier
 to discern from user provided grafts.
 
@@ -53,3 +53,6 @@ It also writes an appropriate $GIT_DIR/shallow.
 You can deepen a shallow repository with "git-fetch --depth 20
 repo branch", which will fetch branch from repo, but stop at depth
 20, updating $GIT_DIR/shallow.
+
+The special depth 2147483647 (or 0x7fffffff, the largest positive
+number a signed 32-bit integer can contain) means infinite depth.
diff --git a/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt b/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
index 00f7e79..282758e 100644
--- a/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ REMOTES[[REMOTES]]
 The name of one of the following can be used instead
 of a URL as `<repository>` argument:
 
-* a remote in the git configuration file: `$GIT_DIR/config`,
+* a remote in the Git configuration file: `$GIT_DIR/config`,
 * a file in the `$GIT_DIR/remotes` directory, or
 * a file in the `$GIT_DIR/branches` directory.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/urls.txt b/Documentation/urls.txt
index cea5462..3ca122f 100644
--- a/Documentation/urls.txt
+++ b/Documentation/urls.txt
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ The ssh and git protocols additionally support ~username expansion:
 - git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/~{startsb}user{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
 - {startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz:/~{startsb}user{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
 
-For local repositories, also supported by git natively, the following
+For local repositories, also supported by Git natively, the following
 syntaxes may be used:
 
 - /path/to/repo.git/
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ These two syntaxes are mostly equivalent, except the former implies
 --local option.
 endif::git-clone[]
 
-When git doesn't know how to handle a certain transport protocol, it
+When Git doesn't know how to handle a certain transport protocol, it
 attempts to use the 'remote-<transport>' remote helper, if one
 exists. To explicitly request a remote helper, the following syntax
 may be used:
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
index 988c13f..e831cc2 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ______________________________________________
 Git is a fast distributed revision control system.
 
 This manual is designed to be readable by someone with basic UNIX
-command-line skills, but no previous knowledge of git.
+command-line skills, but no previous knowledge of Git.
 
 <<repositories-and-branches>> and <<exploring-git-history>> explain how
 to fetch and study a project using git--read these chapters to learn how
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Further chapters cover more specialized topics.
 
 Comprehensive reference documentation is available through the man
 pages, or linkgit:git-help[1] command.  For example, for the command
-"git clone <repo>", you can either use:
+`git clone <repo>`, you can either use:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ man git-clone
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ $ git help clone
 With the latter, you can use the manual viewer of your choice; see
 linkgit:git-help[1] for more information.
 
-See also <<git-quick-start>> for a brief overview of git commands,
+See also <<git-quick-start>> for a brief overview of Git commands,
 without any explanation.
 
 Finally, see <<todo>> for ways that you can help make this manual more
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ Repositories and Branches
 =========================
 
 [[how-to-get-a-git-repository]]
-How to get a git repository
+How to get a Git repository
 ---------------------------
 
-It will be useful to have a git repository to experiment with as you
+It will be useful to have a Git repository to experiment with as you
 read this manual.
 
 The best way to get one is by using the linkgit:git-clone[1] command to
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ download a copy of an existing repository.  If you don't already have a
 project in mind, here are some interesting examples:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-	# git itself (approx. 10MB download):
+	# Git itself (approx. 10MB download):
 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git
 	# the Linux kernel (approx. 150MB download):
 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git
@@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git
 The initial clone may be time-consuming for a large project, but you
 will only need to clone once.
 
-The clone command creates a new directory named after the project ("git"
-or "linux-2.6" in the examples above).  After you cd into this
+The clone command creates a new directory named after the project (`git`
+or `linux-2.6` in the examples above).  After you cd into this
 directory, you will see that it contains a copy of the project files,
 called the <<def_working_tree,working tree>>, together with a special
-top-level directory named ".git", which contains all the information
+top-level directory named `.git`, which contains all the information
 about the history of the project.
 
 [[how-to-check-out]]
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ How to check out a different version of a project
 
 Git is best thought of as a tool for storing the history of a collection
 of files.  It stores the history as a compressed collection of
-interrelated snapshots of the project's contents.  In git each such
+interrelated snapshots of the project's contents.  In Git each such
 version is called a <<def_commit,commit>>.
 
 Those snapshots aren't necessarily all arranged in a single line from
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ oldest to newest; instead, work may simultaneously proceed along
 parallel lines of development, called <<def_branch,branches>>, which may
 merge and diverge.
 
-A single git repository can track development on multiple branches.  It
+A single Git repository can track development on multiple branches.  It
 does this by keeping a list of <<def_head,heads>> which reference the
 latest commit on each branch; the linkgit:git-branch[1] command shows
 you the list of branch heads:
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ As you can see, a commit shows who made the latest change, what they
 did, and why.
 
 Every commit has a 40-hexdigit id, sometimes called the "object name" or the
-"SHA-1 id", shown on the first line of the "git show" output.  You can usually
+"SHA-1 id", shown on the first line of the `git show` output.  You can usually
 refer to a commit by a shorter name, such as a tag or a branch name, but this
 longer name can also be useful.  Most importantly, it is a globally unique
 name for this commit: so if you tell somebody else the object name (for
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ has that commit at all).  Since the object name is computed as a hash over the
 contents of the commit, you are guaranteed that the commit can never change
 without its name also changing.
 
-In fact, in <<git-concepts>> we shall see that everything stored in git
+In fact, in <<git-concepts>> we shall see that everything stored in Git
 history, including file data and directory contents, is stored in an object
 with a name that is a hash of its contents.
 
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ parent commit which shows what happened before this commit.
 Following the chain of parents will eventually take you back to the
 beginning of the project.
 
-However, the commits do not form a simple list; git allows lines of
+However, the commits do not form a simple list; Git allows lines of
 development to diverge and then reconverge, and the point where two
 lines of development reconverge is called a "merge".  The commit
 representing a merge can therefore have more than one parent, with
@@ -219,8 +219,8 @@ each parent representing the most recent commit on one of the lines
 of development leading to that point.
 
 The best way to see how this works is using the linkgit:gitk[1]
-command; running gitk now on a git repository and looking for merge
-commits will help understand how the git organizes history.
+command; running gitk now on a Git repository and looking for merge
+commits will help understand how the Git organizes history.
 
 In the following, we say that commit X is "reachable" from commit Y
 if commit X is an ancestor of commit Y.  Equivalently, you could say
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ leading from commit Y to commit X.
 Understanding history: History diagrams
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-We will sometimes represent git history using diagrams like the one
+We will sometimes represent Git history using diagrams like the one
 below.  Commits are shown as "o", and the links between them with
 lines drawn with - / and \.  Time goes left to right:
 
@@ -268,35 +268,35 @@ Manipulating branches
 Creating, deleting, and modifying branches is quick and easy; here's
 a summary of the commands:
 
-git branch::
+`git branch`::
 	list all branches
-git branch <branch>::
-	create a new branch named <branch>, referencing the same
+`git branch <branch>`::
+	create a new branch named `<branch>`, referencing the same
 	point in history as the current branch
-git branch <branch> <start-point>::
-	create a new branch named <branch>, referencing
-	<start-point>, which may be specified any way you like,
+`git branch <branch> <start-point>`::
+	create a new branch named `<branch>`, referencing
+	`<start-point>`, which may be specified any way you like,
 	including using a branch name or a tag name
-git branch -d <branch>::
-	delete the branch <branch>; if the branch you are deleting
+`git branch -d <branch>`::
+	delete the branch `<branch>`; if the branch you are deleting
 	points to a commit which is not reachable from the current
 	branch, this command will fail with a warning.
-git branch -D <branch>::
+`git branch -D <branch>`::
 	even if the branch points to a commit not reachable
 	from the current branch, you may know that that commit
 	is still reachable from some other branch or tag.  In that
-	case it is safe to use this command to force git to delete
+	case it is safe to use this command to force Git to delete
 	the branch.
-git checkout <branch>::
-	make the current branch <branch>, updating the working
-	directory to reflect the version referenced by <branch>
-git checkout -b <new> <start-point>::
-	create a new branch <new> referencing <start-point>, and
+`git checkout <branch>`::
+	make the current branch `<branch>`, updating the working
+	directory to reflect the version referenced by `<branch>`
+`git checkout -b <new> <start-point>`::
+	create a new branch `<new>` referencing `<start-point>`, and
 	check it out.
 
 The special symbol "HEAD" can always be used to refer to the current
-branch.  In fact, git uses a file named "HEAD" in the .git directory to
-remember which branch is current:
+branch.  In fact, Git uses a file named `HEAD` in the `.git` directory
+to remember which branch is current:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ cat .git/HEAD
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ of the HEAD in the repository that you cloned from.  That repository
 may also have had other branches, though, and your local repository
 keeps branches which track each of those remote branches, called
 remote-tracking branches, which you
-can view using the "-r" option to linkgit:git-branch[1]:
+can view using the `-r` option to linkgit:git-branch[1]:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git branch -r
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ In this example, "origin" is called a remote repository, or "remote"
 for short. The branches of this repository are called "remote
 branches" from our point of view. The remote-tracking branches listed
 above were created based on the remote branches at clone time and will
-be updated by "git fetch" (hence "git pull") and "git push". See
+be updated by `git fetch` (hence `git pull`) and `git push`. See
 <<Updating-a-repository-With-git-fetch>> for details.
 
 You might want to build on one of these remote-tracking branches
@@ -374,10 +374,10 @@ on a branch of your own, just as you would for a tag:
 $ git checkout -b my-todo-copy origin/todo
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-You can also check out "origin/todo" directly to examine it or
+You can also check out `origin/todo` directly to examine it or
 write a one-off patch.  See <<detached-head,detached head>>.
 
-Note that the name "origin" is just the name that git uses by default
+Note that the name "origin" is just the name that Git uses by default
 to refer to the repository that you cloned from.
 
 [[how-git-stores-references]]
@@ -386,17 +386,17 @@ Naming branches, tags, and other references
 
 Branches, remote-tracking branches, and tags are all references to
 commits.  All references are named with a slash-separated path name
-starting with "refs"; the names we've been using so far are actually
+starting with `refs`; the names we've been using so far are actually
 shorthand:
 
-	- The branch "test" is short for "refs/heads/test".
-	- The tag "v2.6.18" is short for "refs/tags/v2.6.18".
-	- "origin/master" is short for "refs/remotes/origin/master".
+	- The branch `test` is short for `refs/heads/test`.
+	- The tag `v2.6.18` is short for `refs/tags/v2.6.18`.
+	- `origin/master` is short for `refs/remotes/origin/master`.
 
 The full name is occasionally useful if, for example, there ever
 exists a tag and a branch with the same name.
 
-(Newly created refs are actually stored in the .git/refs directory,
+(Newly created refs are actually stored in the `.git/refs` directory,
 under the path given by their name.  However, for efficiency reasons
 they may also be packed together in a single file; see
 linkgit:git-pack-refs[1]).
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ As another useful shortcut, the "HEAD" of a repository can be referred
 to just using the name of that repository.  So, for example, "origin"
 is usually a shortcut for the HEAD branch in the repository "origin".
 
-For the complete list of paths which git checks for references, and
+For the complete list of paths which Git checks for references, and
 the order it uses to decide which to choose when there are multiple
 references with the same shorthand name, see the "SPECIFYING
 REVISIONS" section of linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ Eventually the developer cloned from will do additional work in her
 repository, creating new commits and advancing the branches to point
 at the new commits.
 
-The command "git fetch", with no arguments, will update all of the
+The command `git fetch`, with no arguments, will update all of the
 remote-tracking branches to the latest version found in her
 repository.  It will not touch any of your own branches--not even the
 "master" branch that was created for you on clone.
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ $ git fetch linux-nfs
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 New remote-tracking branches will be stored under the shorthand name
-that you gave "git remote add", in this case linux-nfs:
+that you gave `git remote add`, in this case `linux-nfs`:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git branch -r
@@ -446,10 +446,10 @@ linux-nfs/master
 origin/master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-If you run "git fetch <remote>" later, the remote-tracking branches for the
-named <remote> will be updated.
+If you run `git fetch <remote>` later, the remote-tracking branches
+for the named `<remote>` will be updated.
 
-If you examine the file .git/config, you will see that git has added
+If you examine the file `.git/config`, you will see that Git has added
 a new stanza:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -461,13 +461,13 @@ $ cat .git/config
 ...
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-This is what causes git to track the remote's branches; you may modify
-or delete these configuration options by editing .git/config with a
+This is what causes Git to track the remote's branches; you may modify
+or delete these configuration options by editing `.git/config` with a
 text editor.  (See the "CONFIGURATION FILE" section of
 linkgit:git-config[1] for details.)
 
 [[exploring-git-history]]
-Exploring git history
+Exploring Git history
 =====================
 
 Git is best thought of as a tool for storing the history of a
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ Bisecting: 3537 revisions left to test after this
 [65934a9a028b88e83e2b0f8b36618fe503349f8e] BLOCK: Make USB storage depend on SCSI rather than selecting it [try #6]
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-If you run "git branch" at this point, you'll see that git has
+If you run `git branch` at this point, you'll see that Git has
 temporarily moved you in "(no branch)". HEAD is now detached from any
 branch and points directly to a commit (with commit id 65934...) that
 is reachable from "master" but not from v2.6.18. Compile and test it,
@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ Bisecting: 1769 revisions left to test after this
 [7eff82c8b1511017ae605f0c99ac275a7e21b867] i2c-core: Drop useless bitmaskings
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-checks out an older version.  Continue like this, telling git at each
+checks out an older version.  Continue like this, telling Git at each
 stage whether the version it gives you is good or bad, and notice
 that the number of revisions left to test is cut approximately in
 half each time.
@@ -545,24 +545,24 @@ id, and check it out with:
 $ git reset --hard fb47ddb2db...
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-then test, run "bisect good" or "bisect bad" as appropriate, and
+then test, run `bisect good` or `bisect bad` as appropriate, and
 continue.
 
-Instead of "git bisect visualize" and then "git reset --hard
-fb47ddb2db...", you might just want to tell git that you want to skip
+Instead of `git bisect visualize` and then `git reset --hard
+fb47ddb2db...`, you might just want to tell Git that you want to skip
 the current commit:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect skip
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-In this case, though, git may not eventually be able to tell the first
+In this case, though, Git may not eventually be able to tell the first
 bad one between some first skipped commits and a later bad commit.
 
 There are also ways to automate the bisecting process if you have a
 test script that can tell a good from a bad commit. See
-linkgit:git-bisect[1] for more information about this and other "git
-bisect" features.
+linkgit:git-bisect[1] for more information about this and other `git
+bisect` features.
 
 [[naming-commits]]
 Naming commits
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ $ git show HEAD~4   # the great-great-grandparent
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 Recall that merge commits may have more than one parent; by default,
-^ and ~ follow the first parent listed in the commit, but you can
+`^` and `~` follow the first parent listed in the commit, but you can
 also choose:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ running
 $ git tag stable-1 1b2e1d63ff
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-You can use stable-1 to refer to the commit 1b2e1d63ff.
+You can use `stable-1` to refer to the commit 1b2e1d63ff.
 
 This creates a "lightweight" tag.  If you would also like to include a
 comment with the tag, and possibly sign it cryptographically, then you
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ $ git log -S'foo()'	# commits which add or remove any file data
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 And of course you can combine all of these; the following finds
-commits since v2.5 which touch the Makefile or any file under fs:
+commits since v2.5 which touch the `Makefile` or any file under `fs`:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git log v2.5.. Makefile fs/
@@ -681,11 +681,11 @@ You can also ask git log to show patches:
 $ git log -p
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-See the "--pretty" option in the linkgit:git-log[1] man page for more
+See the `--pretty` option in the linkgit:git-log[1] man page for more
 display options.
 
 Note that git log starts with the most recent commit and works
-backwards through the parents; however, since git history can contain
+backwards through the parents; however, since Git history can contain
 multiple independent lines of development, the particular order that
 commits are listed in may be somewhat arbitrary.
 
@@ -732,7 +732,7 @@ $ git show v2.5:fs/locks.c
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 Before the colon may be anything that names a commit, and after it
-may be any path to a file tracked by git.
+may be any path to a file tracked by Git.
 
 [[history-examples]]
 Examples
@@ -742,8 +742,8 @@ Examples
 Counting the number of commits on a branch
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Suppose you want to know how many commits you've made on "mybranch"
-since it diverged from "origin":
+Suppose you want to know how many commits you've made on `mybranch`
+since it diverged from `origin`:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git log --pretty=oneline origin..mybranch | wc -l
@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ $ git rev-list master
 e05db0fd4f31dde7005f075a84f96b360d05984b
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Or you could recall that the ... operator selects all commits
+Or you could recall that the `...` operator selects all commits
 contained reachable from either one reference or the other but not
 both; so
 
@@ -880,7 +880,7 @@ Showing commits unique to a given branch
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Suppose you would like to see all the commits reachable from the branch
-head named "master" but not from any other head in your repository.
+head named `master` but not from any other head in your repository.
 
 We can list all the heads in this repository with
 linkgit:git-show-ref[1]:
@@ -894,7 +894,7 @@ a07157ac624b2524a059a3414e99f6f44bebc1e7 refs/heads/master
 1e87486ae06626c2f31eaa63d26fc0fd646c8af2 refs/heads/tutorial-fixes
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-We can get just the branch-head names, and remove "master", with
+We can get just the branch-head names, and remove `master`, with
 the help of the standard utilities cut and grep:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -939,7 +939,7 @@ is preceded by `project/`.  The output file format is inferred from
 the output file extension if possible, see linkgit:git-archive[1] for
 details.
 
-Versions of Git older than 1.7.7 don't know about the 'tar.gz' format,
+Versions of Git older than 1.7.7 don't know about the `tar.gz` format,
 you'll need to use gzip explicitly:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -993,11 +993,11 @@ student.  The linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-diff-tree[1], and
 linkgit:git-hash-object[1] man pages may prove helpful.
 
 [[Developing-With-git]]
-Developing with git
+Developing with Git
 ===================
 
 [[telling-git-your-name]]
-Telling git your name
+Telling Git your name
 ---------------------
 
 Before creating any commits, you should introduce yourself to Git.
@@ -1052,17 +1052,17 @@ Creating a new commit takes three steps:
 
 	1. Making some changes to the working directory using your
 	   favorite editor.
-	2. Telling git about your changes.
-	3. Creating the commit using the content you told git about
+	2. Telling Git about your changes.
+	3. Creating the commit using the content you told Git about
 	   in step 2.
 
 In practice, you can interleave and repeat steps 1 and 2 as many
 times as you want: in order to keep track of what you want committed
-at step 3, git maintains a snapshot of the tree's contents in a
+at step 3, Git maintains a snapshot of the tree's contents in a
 special staging area called "the index."
 
 At the beginning, the content of the index will be identical to
-that of the HEAD.  The command "git diff --cached", which shows
+that of the HEAD.  The command `git diff --cached`, which shows
 the difference between the HEAD and the index, should therefore
 produce no output at that point.
 
@@ -1101,7 +1101,7 @@ $ git diff
 
 shows the difference between the working tree and the index file.
 
-Note that "git add" always adds just the current contents of a file
+Note that `git add` always adds just the current contents of a file
 to the index; further changes to the same file will be ignored unless
 you run `git add` on the file again.
 
@@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@ When you're ready, just run
 $ git commit
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-and git will prompt you for a commit message and then create the new
+and Git will prompt you for a commit message and then create the new
 commit.  Check to make sure it looks like what you expected with
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@ with a single short (less than 50 character) line summarizing the
 change, followed by a blank line and then a more thorough
 description.  The text up to the first blank line in a commit
 message is treated as the commit title, and that title is used
-throughout git.  For example, linkgit:git-format-patch[1] turns a
+throughout Git.  For example, linkgit:git-format-patch[1] turns a
 commit into email, and it uses the title on the Subject line and the
 rest of the commit in the body.
 
@@ -1164,16 +1164,17 @@ rest of the commit in the body.
 Ignoring files
 --------------
 
-A project will often generate files that you do 'not' want to track with git.
+A project will often generate files that you do 'not' want to track with Git.
 This typically includes files generated by a build process or temporary
-backup files made by your editor. Of course, 'not' tracking files with git
+backup files made by your editor. Of course, 'not' tracking files with Git
 is just a matter of 'not' calling `git add` on them. But it quickly becomes
 annoying to have these untracked files lying around; e.g. they make
 `git add .` practically useless, and they keep showing up in the output of
 `git status`.
 
-You can tell git to ignore certain files by creating a file called .gitignore
-in the top level of your working directory, with contents such as:
+You can tell Git to ignore certain files by creating a file called
+`.gitignore` in the top level of your working directory, with contents
+such as:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 # Lines starting with '#' are considered comments.
@@ -1197,10 +1198,10 @@ for other users who clone your repository.
 
 If you wish the exclude patterns to affect only certain repositories
 (instead of every repository for a given project), you may instead put
-them in a file in your repository named .git/info/exclude, or in any file
-specified by the `core.excludesfile` configuration variable.  Some git
-commands can also take exclude patterns directly on the command line.
-See linkgit:gitignore[5] for the details.
+them in a file in your repository named `.git/info/exclude`, or in any
+file specified by the `core.excludesfile` configuration variable.
+Some Git commands can also take exclude patterns directly on the
+command line.  See linkgit:gitignore[5] for the details.
 
 [[how-to-merge]]
 How to merge
@@ -1213,10 +1214,10 @@ linkgit:git-merge[1]:
 $ git merge branchname
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-merges the development in the branch "branchname" into the current
+merges the development in the branch `branchname` into the current
 branch.
 
-A merge is made by combining the changes made in "branchname" and the
+A merge is made by combining the changes made in `branchname` and the
 changes made up to the latest commit in your current branch since
 their histories forked. The work tree is overwritten by the result of
 the merge when this combining is done cleanly, or overwritten by a
@@ -1244,7 +1245,7 @@ Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
 
 Conflict markers are left in the problematic files, and after
 you resolve the conflicts manually, you can update the index
-with the contents and run git commit, as you normally would when
+with the contents and run Git commit, as you normally would when
 creating a new file.
 
 If you examine the resulting commit using gitk, you will see that it
@@ -1255,7 +1256,7 @@ one to the top of the other branch.
 Resolving a merge
 -----------------
 
-When a merge isn't resolved automatically, git leaves the index and
+When a merge isn't resolved automatically, Git leaves the index and
 the working tree in a special state that gives you all the
 information you need to help resolve the merge.
 
@@ -1291,14 +1292,14 @@ some information about the merge.  Normally you can just use this
 default message unchanged, but you may add additional commentary of
 your own if desired.
 
-The above is all you need to know to resolve a simple merge.  But git
+The above is all you need to know to resolve a simple merge.  But Git
 also provides more information to help resolve conflicts:
 
 [[conflict-resolution]]
 Getting conflict-resolution help during a merge
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-All of the changes that git was able to merge automatically are
+All of the changes that Git was able to merge automatically are
 already added to the index file, so linkgit:git-diff[1] shows only
 the conflicts.  It uses an unusual syntax:
 
@@ -1338,7 +1339,7 @@ that part is not conflicting and is not shown.  Same for stage 3).
 
 The diff above shows the differences between the working-tree version of
 file.txt and the stage 2 and stage 3 versions.  So instead of preceding
-each line by a single "+" or "-", it now uses two columns: the first
+each line by a single `+` or `-`, it now uses two columns: the first
 column is used for differences between the first parent and the working
 directory copy, and the second for differences between the second parent
 and the working directory copy.  (See the "COMBINED DIFF FORMAT" section
@@ -1430,7 +1431,7 @@ parents, one pointing at each of the two lines of development that
 were merged.
 
 However, if the current branch is a descendant of the other--so every
-commit present in the one is already contained in the other--then git
+commit present in the one is already contained in the other--then Git
 just performs a "fast-forward"; the head of the current branch is moved
 forward to point at the head of the merged-in branch, without any new
 commits being created.
@@ -1456,7 +1457,7 @@ fundamentally different ways to fix the problem:
 
 	2. You can go back and modify the old commit.  You should
 	never do this if you have already made the history public;
-	git does not normally expect the "history" of a project to
+	Git does not normally expect the "history" of a project to
 	change, and cannot correctly perform repeated merges from
 	a branch that has had its history changed.
 
@@ -1481,7 +1482,7 @@ You can also revert an earlier change, for example, the next-to-last:
 $ git revert HEAD^
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-In this case git will attempt to undo the old change while leaving
+In this case Git will attempt to undo the old change while leaving
 intact any changes made since then.  If more recent changes overlap
 with the changes to be reverted, then you will be asked to fix
 conflicts manually, just as in the case of <<resolving-a-merge,
@@ -1580,7 +1581,7 @@ Ensuring good performance
 
 On large repositories, Git depends on compression to keep the history
 information from taking up too much space on disk or in memory.  Some
-git commands may automatically run linkgit:git-gc[1], so you don't
+Git commands may automatically run linkgit:git-gc[1], so you don't
 have to worry about running it manually.  However, compressing a large
 repository may take a while, so you may want to call `gc` explicitly
 to avoid automatic compression kicking in when it is not convenient.
@@ -1613,7 +1614,7 @@ dangling tree b24c2473f1fd3d91352a624795be026d64c8841f
 
 You will see informational messages on dangling objects. They are objects
 that still exist in the repository but are no longer referenced by any of
-your branches, and can (and will) be removed after a while with "gc".
+your branches, and can (and will) be removed after a while with `gc`.
 You can run `git fsck --no-dangling` to suppress these messages, and still
 view real errors.
 
@@ -1625,11 +1626,11 @@ Recovering lost changes
 Reflogs
 ^^^^^^^
 
-Say you modify a branch with +linkgit:git-reset[1] \--hard+, and then
-realize that the branch was the only reference you had to that point in
-history.
+Say you modify a branch with <<fixing-mistakes,`git reset --hard`>>,
+and then realize that the branch was the only reference you had to
+that point in history.
 
-Fortunately, git also keeps a log, called a "reflog", of all the
+Fortunately, Git also keeps a log, called a "reflog", of all the
 previous values of each branch.  So in this case you can still find the
 old history using, for example,
 
@@ -1638,8 +1639,8 @@ $ git log master@{1}
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 This lists the commits reachable from the previous version of the
-"master" branch head.  This syntax can be used with any git command
-that accepts a commit, not just with git log.  Some other examples:
+`master` branch head.  This syntax can be used with any Git command
+that accepts a commit, not just with `git log`.  Some other examples:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git show master@{2}		# See where the branch pointed 2,
@@ -1664,7 +1665,7 @@ pruned.  See linkgit:git-reflog[1] and linkgit:git-gc[1] to learn
 how to control this pruning, and see the "SPECIFYING REVISIONS"
 section of linkgit:gitrevisions[7] for details.
 
-Note that the reflog history is very different from normal git history.
+Note that the reflog history is very different from normal Git history.
 While normal history is shared by every repository that works on the
 same project, the reflog history is not shared: it tells you only about
 how the branches in your local repository have changed over time.
@@ -1743,8 +1744,8 @@ one step:
 $ git pull origin master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-In fact, if you have "master" checked out, then this branch has been
-configured by "git clone" to get changes from the HEAD branch of the
+In fact, if you have `master` checked out, then this branch has been
+configured by `git clone` to get changes from the HEAD branch of the
 origin repository.  So often you can
 accomplish the above with just a simple
 
@@ -1759,11 +1760,11 @@ the current branch.
 More generally, a branch that is created from a remote-tracking branch
 will pull
 by default from that branch.  See the descriptions of the
-branch.<name>.remote and branch.<name>.merge options in
+`branch.<name>.remote` and `branch.<name>.merge` options in
 linkgit:git-config[1], and the discussion of the `--track` option in
 linkgit:git-checkout[1], to learn how to control these defaults.
 
-In addition to saving you keystrokes, "git pull" also helps you by
+In addition to saving you keystrokes, `git pull` also helps you by
 producing a default commit message documenting the branch and
 repository that you pulled from.
 
@@ -1771,7 +1772,7 @@ repository that you pulled from.
 <<fast-forwards,fast-forward>>; instead, your branch will just be
 updated to point to the latest commit from the upstream branch.)
 
-The `git pull` command can also be given "." as the "remote" repository,
+The `git pull` command can also be given `.` as the "remote" repository,
 in which case it just merges in a branch from the current repository; so
 the commands
 
@@ -1796,7 +1797,7 @@ $ git format-patch origin
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 will produce a numbered series of files in the current directory, one
-for each patch in the current branch but not in origin/HEAD.
+for each patch in the current branch but not in `origin/HEAD`.
 
 `git format-patch` can include an initial "cover letter". You can insert
 commentary on individual patches after the three dash line which
@@ -1818,7 +1819,7 @@ Importing patches to a project
 Git also provides a tool called linkgit:git-am[1] (am stands for
 "apply mailbox"), for importing such an emailed series of patches.
 Just save all of the patch-containing messages, in order, into a
-single mailbox file, say "patches.mbox", then run
+single mailbox file, say `patches.mbox`, then run
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git am -3 patches.mbox
@@ -1826,8 +1827,8 @@ $ git am -3 patches.mbox
 
 Git will apply each patch in order; if any conflicts are found, it
 will stop, and you can fix the conflicts as described in
-"<<resolving-a-merge,Resolving a merge>>".  (The "-3" option tells
-git to perform a merge; if you would prefer it just to abort and
+"<<resolving-a-merge,Resolving a merge>>".  (The `-3` option tells
+Git to perform a merge; if you would prefer it just to abort and
 leave your tree and index untouched, you may omit that option.)
 
 Once the index is updated with the results of the conflict
@@ -1837,7 +1838,7 @@ resolution, instead of creating a new commit, just run
 $ git am --resolved
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-and git will create the commit for you and continue applying the
+and Git will create the commit for you and continue applying the
 remaining patches from the mailbox.
 
 The final result will be a series of commits, one for each patch in
@@ -1845,7 +1846,7 @@ the original mailbox, with authorship and commit log message each
 taken from the message containing each patch.
 
 [[public-repositories]]
-Public git repositories
+Public Git repositories
 -----------------------
 
 Another way to submit changes to a project is to tell the maintainer
@@ -1902,7 +1903,7 @@ We explain how to do this in the following sections.
 Setting up a public repository
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Assume your personal repository is in the directory ~/proj.  We
+Assume your personal repository is in the directory `~/proj`.  We
 first create a new clone of the repository and tell `git daemon` that it
 is meant to be public:
 
@@ -1912,28 +1913,28 @@ $ touch proj.git/git-daemon-export-ok
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 The resulting directory proj.git contains a "bare" git repository--it is
-just the contents of the ".git" directory, without any files checked out
+just the contents of the `.git` directory, without any files checked out
 around it.
 
-Next, copy proj.git to the server where you plan to host the
+Next, copy `proj.git` to the server where you plan to host the
 public repository.  You can use scp, rsync, or whatever is most
 convenient.
 
 [[exporting-via-git]]
-Exporting a git repository via the git protocol
+Exporting a Git repository via the Git protocol
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This is the preferred method.
 
 If someone else administers the server, they should tell you what
-directory to put the repository in, and what git:// URL it will appear
-at.  You can then skip to the section
+directory to put the repository in, and what `git://` URL it will
+appear at.  You can then skip to the section
 "<<pushing-changes-to-a-public-repository,Pushing changes to a public
 repository>>", below.
 
 Otherwise, all you need to do is start linkgit:git-daemon[1]; it will
 listen on port 9418.  By default, it will allow access to any directory
-that looks like a git directory and contains the magic file
+that looks like a Git directory and contains the magic file
 git-daemon-export-ok.  Passing some directory paths as `git daemon`
 arguments will further restrict the exports to those paths.
 
@@ -1945,10 +1946,10 @@ examples section.)
 Exporting a git repository via HTTP
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The git protocol gives better performance and reliability, but on a
+The Git protocol gives better performance and reliability, but on a
 host with a web server set up, HTTP exports may be simpler to set up.
 
-All you need to do is place the newly created bare git repository in
+All you need to do is place the newly created bare Git repository in
 a directory that is exported by the web server, and make some
 adjustments to give web clients some extra information they need:
 
@@ -1962,7 +1963,7 @@ $ mv hooks/post-update.sample hooks/post-update
 (For an explanation of the last two lines, see
 linkgit:git-update-server-info[1] and linkgit:githooks[5].)
 
-Advertise the URL of proj.git.  Anybody else should then be able to
+Advertise the URL of `proj.git`.  Anybody else should then be able to
 clone or pull from that URL, for example with a command line like:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1985,8 +1986,8 @@ access, which you will need to update the public repository with the
 latest changes created in your private repository.
 
 The simplest way to do this is using linkgit:git-push[1] and ssh; to
-update the remote branch named "master" with the latest state of your
-branch named "master", run
+update the remote branch named `master` with the latest state of your
+branch named `master`, run
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git push ssh://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git master:master
@@ -2002,7 +2003,7 @@ As with `git fetch`, `git push` will complain if this does not result in a
 <<fast-forwards,fast-forward>>; see the following section for details on
 handling this case.
 
-Note that the target of a "push" is normally a
+Note that the target of a `push` is normally a
 <<def_bare_repository,bare>> repository.  You can also push to a
 repository that has a checked-out working tree, but a push to update the
 currently checked-out branch is denied by default to prevent confusion.
@@ -2030,9 +2031,9 @@ which lets you do the same push with just
 $ git push public-repo master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-See the explanations of the remote.<name>.url, branch.<name>.remote,
-and remote.<name>.push options in linkgit:git-config[1] for
-details.
+See the explanations of the `remote.<name>.url`,
+`branch.<name>.remote`, and `remote.<name>.push` options in
+linkgit:git-config[1] for details.
 
 [[forcing-push]]
 What to do when a push fails
@@ -2097,9 +2098,9 @@ all push to and pull from a single shared repository.  See
 linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7] for instructions on how to
 set this up.
 
-However, while there is nothing wrong with git's support for shared
+However, while there is nothing wrong with Git's support for shared
 repositories, this mode of operation is not generally recommended,
-simply because the mode of collaboration that git supports--by
+simply because the mode of collaboration that Git supports--by
 exchanging patches and pulling from public repositories--has so many
 advantages over the central shared repository:
 
@@ -2123,8 +2124,8 @@ Allowing web browsing of a repository
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 The gitweb cgi script provides users an easy way to browse your
-project's files and history without having to install git; see the file
-gitweb/INSTALL in the git source tree for instructions on setting it up.
+project's files and history without having to install Git; see the file
+gitweb/INSTALL in the Git source tree for instructions on setting it up.
 
 [[sharing-development-examples]]
 Examples
@@ -2134,7 +2135,7 @@ Examples
 Maintaining topic branches for a Linux subsystem maintainer
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-This describes how Tony Luck uses git in his role as maintainer of the
+This describes how Tony Luck uses Git in his role as maintainer of the
 IA64 architecture for the Linux kernel.
 
 He uses two public branches:
@@ -2167,7 +2168,7 @@ linkgit:git-fetch[1] to keep them up-to-date; see
 
 Now create the branches in which you are going to work; these start out
 at the current tip of origin/master branch, and should be set up (using
-the --track option to linkgit:git-branch[1]) to merge changes in from
+the `--track` option to linkgit:git-branch[1]) to merge changes in from
 Linus by default.
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -2184,9 +2185,9 @@ $ git checkout release && git pull
 
 Important note!  If you have any local changes in these branches, then
 this merge will create a commit object in the history (with no local
-changes git will simply do a "fast-forward" merge).  Many people dislike
+changes Git will simply do a "fast-forward" merge).  Many people dislike
 the "noise" that this creates in the Linux history, so you should avoid
-doing this capriciously in the "release" branch, as these noisy commits
+doing this capriciously in the `release` branch, as these noisy commits
 will become part of the permanent history when you ask Linus to pull
 from the release branch.
 
@@ -2228,7 +2229,7 @@ patches), and create a new branch from a recent stable tag of
 Linus's branch. Picking a stable base for your branch will:
 1) help you: by avoiding inclusion of unrelated and perhaps lightly
 tested changes
-2) help future bug hunters that use "git bisect" to find problems
+2) help future bug hunters that use `git bisect` to find problems
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git checkout -b speed-up-spinlocks v2.6.35
@@ -2253,9 +2254,9 @@ It is unlikely that you would have any conflicts here ... but you might if you
 spent a while on this step and had also pulled new versions from upstream.
 
 Some time later when enough time has passed and testing done, you can pull the
-same branch into the "release" tree ready to go upstream.  This is where you
+same branch into the `release` tree ready to go upstream.  This is where you
 see the value of keeping each patch (or patch series) in its own branch.  It
-means that the patches can be moved into the "release" tree in any order.
+means that the patches can be moved into the `release` tree in any order.
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git checkout release && git pull . speed-up-spinlocks
@@ -2288,7 +2289,7 @@ If it has been merged, then there will be no output.)
 
 Once a patch completes the great cycle (moving from test to release,
 then pulled by Linus, and finally coming back into your local
-"origin/master" branch), the branch for this change is no longer needed.
+`origin/master` branch), the branch for this change is no longer needed.
 You detect this when the output from:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -2303,8 +2304,8 @@ $ git branch -d branchname
 
 Some changes are so trivial that it is not necessary to create a separate
 branch and then merge into each of the test and release branches.  For
-these changes, just apply directly to the "release" branch, and then
-merge that into the "test" branch.
+these changes, just apply directly to the `release` branch, and then
+merge that into the `test` branch.
 
 After pushing your work to `mytree`, you can use
 linkgit:git-request-pull[1] to prepare a "please pull" request message
@@ -2319,7 +2320,7 @@ Here are some of the scripts that simplify all this even further.
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 ==== update script ====
-# Update a branch in my GIT tree.  If the branch to be updated
+# Update a branch in my Git tree.  If the branch to be updated
 # is origin, then pull from kernel.org.  Otherwise merge
 # origin/master branch into test|release branch
 
@@ -2337,7 +2338,7 @@ origin)
 	fi
 	;;
 *)
-	echo "Usage: $0 origin|test|release" 1>&2
+	echo "usage: $0 origin|test|release" 1>&2
 	exit 1
 	;;
 esac
@@ -2351,7 +2352,7 @@ pname=$0
 
 usage()
 {
-	echo "Usage: $pname branch test|release" 1>&2
+	echo "usage: $pname branch test|release" 1>&2
 	exit 1
 }
 
@@ -2377,7 +2378,7 @@ esac
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 ==== status script ====
-# report on status of my ia64 GIT tree
+# report on status of my ia64 Git tree
 
 gb=$(tput setab 2)
 rb=$(tput setab 1)
@@ -2433,7 +2434,7 @@ Rewriting history and maintaining patch series
 
 Normally commits are only added to a project, never taken away or
 replaced.  Git is designed with this assumption, and violating it will
-cause git's merge machinery (for example) to do the wrong thing.
+cause Git's merge machinery (for example) to do the wrong thing.
 
 However, there is a situation in which it can be useful to violate this
 assumption.
@@ -2475,8 +2476,8 @@ you are rewriting history.
 Keeping a patch series up to date using git rebase
 --------------------------------------------------
 
-Suppose that you create a branch "mywork" on a remote-tracking branch
-"origin", and create some commits on top of it:
+Suppose that you create a branch `mywork` on a remote-tracking branch
+`origin`, and create some commits on top of it:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git checkout -b mywork origin
@@ -2488,7 +2489,7 @@ $ git commit
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 You have performed no merges into mywork, so it is just a simple linear
-sequence of patches on top of "origin":
+sequence of patches on top of `origin`:
 
 ................................................
  o--o--O <-- origin
@@ -2497,7 +2498,7 @@ sequence of patches on top of "origin":
 ................................................
 
 Some more interesting work has been done in the upstream project, and
-"origin" has advanced:
+`origin` has advanced:
 
 ................................................
  o--o--O--o--o--o <-- origin
@@ -2505,7 +2506,7 @@ Some more interesting work has been done in the upstream project, and
          a--b--c <-- mywork
 ................................................
 
-At this point, you could use "pull" to merge your changes back in;
+At this point, you could use `pull` to merge your changes back in;
 the result would create a new merge commit, like this:
 
 ................................................
@@ -2524,7 +2525,7 @@ $ git rebase origin
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 This will remove each of your commits from mywork, temporarily saving
-them as patches (in a directory named ".git/rebase-apply"), update mywork to
+them as patches (in a directory named `.git/rebase-apply`), update mywork to
 point at the latest version of origin, then apply each of the saved
 patches to the new mywork.  The result will look like:
 
@@ -2544,7 +2545,7 @@ running `git commit`, just run
 $ git rebase --continue
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-and git will continue applying the rest of the patches.
+and Git will continue applying the rest of the patches.
 
 At any point you may use the `--abort` option to abort this process and
 return mywork to the state it had before you started the rebase:
@@ -2701,7 +2702,7 @@ Git has no way of knowing that the new head is an updated version of
 the old head; it treats this situation exactly the same as it would if
 two developers had independently done the work on the old and new heads
 in parallel.  At this point, if someone attempts to merge the new head
-in to their branch, git will attempt to merge together the two (old and
+in to their branch, Git will attempt to merge together the two (old and
 new) lines of development, instead of trying to replace the old by the
 new.  The results are likely to be unexpected.
 
@@ -2774,7 +2775,7 @@ linear history:
 Bisecting between Z and D* would hit a single culprit commit Y*,
 and understanding why Y* was broken would probably be easier.
 
-Partly for this reason, many experienced git users, even when
+Partly for this reason, many experienced Git users, even when
 working on an otherwise merge-heavy project, keep the history
 linear by rebasing against the latest upstream version before
 publishing.
@@ -2795,10 +2796,10 @@ arbitrary name:
 $ git fetch origin todo:my-todo-work
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-The first argument, "origin", just tells git to fetch from the
-repository you originally cloned from.  The second argument tells git
-to fetch the branch named "todo" from the remote repository, and to
-store it locally under the name refs/heads/my-todo-work.
+The first argument, `origin`, just tells Git to fetch from the
+repository you originally cloned from.  The second argument tells Git
+to fetch the branch named `todo` from the remote repository, and to
+store it locally under the name `refs/heads/my-todo-work`.
 
 You can also fetch branches from other repositories; so
 
@@ -2806,8 +2807,8 @@ You can also fetch branches from other repositories; so
 $ git fetch git://example.com/proj.git master:example-master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-will create a new branch named "example-master" and store in it the
-branch named "master" from the repository at the given URL.  If you
+will create a new branch named `example-master` and store in it the
+branch named `master` from the repository at the given URL.  If you
 already have a branch named example-master, it will attempt to
 <<fast-forwards,fast-forward>> to the commit given by example.com's
 master branch.  In more detail:
@@ -2816,7 +2817,7 @@ master branch.  In more detail:
 git fetch and fast-forwards
 ---------------------------
 
-In the previous example, when updating an existing branch, "git fetch"
+In the previous example, when updating an existing branch, `git fetch`
 checks to make sure that the most recent commit on the remote
 branch is a descendant of the most recent commit on your copy of the
 branch before updating your copy of the branch to point at the new
@@ -2842,11 +2843,11 @@ resulting in a situation like:
             o--o--o <-- new head of the branch
 ................................................
 
-In this case, "git fetch" will fail, and print out a warning.
+In this case, `git fetch` will fail, and print out a warning.
 
-In that case, you can still force git to update to the new head, as
+In that case, you can still force Git to update to the new head, as
 described in the following section.  However, note that in the
-situation above this may mean losing the commits labeled "a" and "b",
+situation above this may mean losing the commits labeled `a` and `b`,
 unless you've already created a reference of your own pointing to
 them.
 
@@ -2861,7 +2862,7 @@ descendant of the old head, you may force the update with:
 $ git fetch git://example.com/proj.git +master:refs/remotes/example/master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Note the addition of the "+" sign.  Alternatively, you can use the "-f"
+Note the addition of the `+` sign.  Alternatively, you can use the `-f`
 flag to force updates of all the fetched branches, as in:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -2875,9 +2876,9 @@ may be lost, as we saw in the previous section.
 Configuring remote-tracking branches
 ------------------------------------
 
-We saw above that "origin" is just a shortcut to refer to the
+We saw above that `origin` is just a shortcut to refer to the
 repository that you originally cloned from.  This information is
-stored in git configuration variables, which you can see using
+stored in Git configuration variables, which you can see using
 linkgit:git-config[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -2929,7 +2930,7 @@ Git concepts
 
 Git is built on a small number of simple but powerful ideas.  While it
 is possible to get things done without understanding them, you will find
-git much more intuitive if you do.
+Git much more intuitive if you do.
 
 We start with the most important, the  <<def_object_database,object
 database>> and the <<def_index,index>>.
@@ -2984,7 +2985,7 @@ Commit Object
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 The "commit" object links a physical state of a tree with a description
-of how we got there and why.  Use the --pretty=raw option to
+of how we got there and why.  Use the `--pretty=raw` option to
 linkgit:git-show[1] or linkgit:git-log[1] to examine your favorite
 commit:
 
@@ -3023,10 +3024,10 @@ As you can see, a commit is defined by:
 Note that a commit does not itself contain any information about what
 actually changed; all changes are calculated by comparing the contents
 of the tree referred to by this commit with the trees associated with
-its parents.  In particular, git does not attempt to record file renames
+its parents.  In particular, Git does not attempt to record file renames
 explicitly, though it can identify cases where the existence of the same
 file data at changing paths suggests a rename.  (See, for example, the
--M option to linkgit:git-diff[1]).
+`-M` option to linkgit:git-diff[1]).
 
 A commit is usually created by linkgit:git-commit[1], which creates a
 commit whose parent is normally the current HEAD, and whose tree is
@@ -3062,14 +3063,14 @@ another tree, representing the contents of a subdirectory.  Since trees
 and blobs, like all other objects, are named by the SHA-1 hash of their
 contents, two trees have the same SHA-1 name if and only if their
 contents (including, recursively, the contents of all subdirectories)
-are identical.  This allows git to quickly determine the differences
+are identical.  This allows Git to quickly determine the differences
 between two related tree objects, since it can ignore any entries with
 identical object names.
 
 (Note: in the presence of submodules, trees may also have commits as
 entries.  See <<submodules>> for documentation.)
 
-Note that the files all have mode 644 or 755: git actually only pays
+Note that the files all have mode 644 or 755: Git actually only pays
 attention to the executable bit.
 
 [[blob-object]]
@@ -3077,7 +3078,7 @@ Blob Object
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 You can use linkgit:git-show[1] to examine the contents of a blob; take,
-for example, the blob in the entry for "COPYING" from the tree above:
+for example, the blob in the entry for `COPYING` from the tree above:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git show 6ff87c4664
@@ -3130,7 +3131,7 @@ sending out a single email that tells the people the name (SHA-1 hash)
 of the top commit, and digitally sign that email using something
 like GPG/PGP.
 
-To assist in this, git also provides the tag object...
+To assist in this, Git also provides the tag object...
 
 [[tag-object]]
 Tag Object
@@ -3160,14 +3161,14 @@ nLE/L9aUXdWeTFPron96DLA=
 See the linkgit:git-tag[1] command to learn how to create and verify tag
 objects.  (Note that linkgit:git-tag[1] can also be used to create
 "lightweight tags", which are not tag objects at all, but just simple
-references whose names begin with "refs/tags/").
+references whose names begin with `refs/tags/`).
 
 [[pack-files]]
-How git stores objects efficiently: pack files
+How Git stores objects efficiently: pack files
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Newly created objects are initially created in a file named after the
-object's SHA-1 hash (stored in .git/objects).
+object's SHA-1 hash (stored in `.git/objects`).
 
 Unfortunately this system becomes inefficient once a project has a
 lot of objects.  Try this on an old project:
@@ -3181,7 +3182,7 @@ The first number is the number of objects which are kept in
 individual files.  The second is the amount of space taken up by
 those "loose" objects.
 
-You can save space and make git faster by moving these loose objects in
+You can save space and make Git faster by moving these loose objects in
 to a "pack file", which stores a group of objects in an efficient
 compressed format; the details of how pack files are formatted can be
 found in link:technical/pack-format.txt[technical/pack-format.txt].
@@ -3208,9 +3209,9 @@ $ git prune
 
 to remove any of the "loose" objects that are now contained in the
 pack.  This will also remove any unreferenced objects (which may be
-created when, for example, you use "git reset" to remove a commit).
+created when, for example, you use `git reset` to remove a commit).
 You can verify that the loose objects are gone by looking at the
-.git/objects directory or by running
+`.git/objects` directory or by running
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git count-objects
@@ -3237,7 +3238,7 @@ branch still exists, as does everything it pointed to. The branch
 pointer itself just doesn't, since you replaced it with another one.
 
 There are also other situations that cause dangling objects. For
-example, a "dangling blob" may arise because you did a "git add" of a
+example, a "dangling blob" may arise because you did a `git add` of a
 file, but then, before you actually committed it and made it part of the
 bigger picture, you changed something else in that file and committed
 that *updated* thing--the old state that you added originally ends up
@@ -3280,14 +3281,14 @@ $ git show <dangling-blob/tree-sha-goes-here>
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 to show what the contents of the blob were (or, for a tree, basically
-what the "ls" for that directory was), and that may give you some idea
+what the `ls` for that directory was), and that may give you some idea
 of what the operation was that left that dangling object.
 
 Usually, dangling blobs and trees aren't very interesting. They're
 almost always the result of either being a half-way mergebase (the blob
 will often even have the conflict markers from a merge in it, if you
 have had conflicting merges that you fixed up by hand), or simply
-because you interrupted a "git fetch" with ^C or something like that,
+because you interrupted a `git fetch` with ^C or something like that,
 leaving _some_ of the new objects in the object database, but just
 dangling and useless.
 
@@ -3298,28 +3299,28 @@ state, you can just prune all unreachable objects:
 $ git prune
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and they'll be gone. But you should only run "git prune" on a quiescent
+and they'll be gone. But you should only run `git prune` on a quiescent
 repository--it's kind of like doing a filesystem fsck recovery: you
 don't want to do that while the filesystem is mounted.
 
-(The same is true of "git fsck" itself, btw, but since
+(The same is true of `git fsck` itself, btw, but since
 `git fsck` never actually *changes* the repository, it just reports
 on what it found, `git fsck` itself is never 'dangerous' to run.
 Running it while somebody is actually changing the repository can cause
 confusing and scary messages, but it won't actually do anything bad. In
-contrast, running "git prune" while somebody is actively changing the
+contrast, running `git prune` while somebody is actively changing the
 repository is a *BAD* idea).
 
 [[recovering-from-repository-corruption]]
 Recovering from repository corruption
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-By design, git treats data trusted to it with caution.  However, even in
-the absence of bugs in git itself, it is still possible that hardware or
+By design, Git treats data trusted to it with caution.  However, even in
+the absence of bugs in Git itself, it is still possible that hardware or
 operating system errors could corrupt data.
 
 The first defense against such problems is backups.  You can back up a
-git directory using clone, or just using cp, tar, or any other backup
+Git directory using clone, or just using cp, tar, or any other backup
 mechanism.
 
 As a last resort, you can search for the corrupted objects and attempt
@@ -3345,7 +3346,7 @@ missing blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200
 Now you know that blob 4b9458b3 is missing, and that the tree 2d9263c6
 points to it.  If you could find just one copy of that missing blob
 object, possibly in some other repository, you could move it into
-.git/objects/4b/9458b3... and be done.  Suppose you can't.  You can
+`.git/objects/4b/9458b3...` and be done.  Suppose you can't.  You can
 still examine the tree that pointed to it with linkgit:git-ls-tree[1],
 which might output something like:
 
@@ -3360,10 +3361,10 @@ $ git ls-tree 2d9263c6d23595e7cb2a21e5ebbb53655278dff8
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 So now you know that the missing blob was the data for a file named
-"myfile".  And chances are you can also identify the directory--let's
-say it's in "somedirectory".  If you're lucky the missing copy might be
+`myfile`.  And chances are you can also identify the directory--let's
+say it's in `somedirectory`.  If you're lucky the missing copy might be
 the same as the copy you have checked out in your working tree at
-"somedirectory/myfile"; you can test whether that's right with
+`somedirectory/myfile`; you can test whether that's right with
 linkgit:git-hash-object[1]:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -3418,7 +3419,7 @@ $ git hash-object -w <recreated-file>
 
 and your repository is good again!
 
-(Btw, you could have ignored the fsck, and started with doing a
+(Btw, you could have ignored the `fsck`, and started with doing a
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git log --raw --all
@@ -3432,7 +3433,7 @@ just missing one particular blob version.
 The index
 -----------
 
-The index is a binary file (generally kept in .git/index) containing a
+The index is a binary file (generally kept in `.git/index`) containing a
 sorted list of path names, each with permissions and the SHA-1 of a blob
 object; linkgit:git-ls-files[1] can show you the contents of the index:
 
@@ -3467,7 +3468,7 @@ It does this by storing some additional data for each entry (such as
 the last modified time).  This data is not displayed above, and is not
 stored in the created tree object, but it can be used to determine
 quickly which files in the working directory differ from what was
-stored in the index, and thus save git from having to read all of the
+stored in the index, and thus save Git from having to read all of the
 data from such files to look for changes.
 
 3. It can efficiently represent information about merge conflicts
@@ -3572,7 +3573,7 @@ $ ls -a
 
 The `git submodule add <repo> <path>` command does a couple of things:
 
-- It clones the submodule from <repo> to the given <path> under the
+- It clones the submodule from `<repo>` to the given `<path>` under the
   current directory and by default checks out the master branch.
 - It adds the submodule's clone path to the linkgit:gitmodules[5] file and
   adds this file to the index, ready to be committed.
@@ -3698,13 +3699,13 @@ Did you forget to 'git add'?
 Unable to checkout '261dfac35cb99d380eb966e102c1197139f7fa24' in submodule path 'a'
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-In older git versions it could be easily forgotten to commit new or modified
+In older Git versions it could be easily forgotten to commit new or modified
 files in a submodule, which silently leads to similar problems as not pushing
-the submodule changes. Starting with git 1.7.0 both "git status" and "git diff"
+the submodule changes. Starting with Git 1.7.0 both `git status` and `git diff`
 in the superproject show submodules as modified when they contain new or
-modified files to protect against accidentally committing such a state. "git
-diff" will also add a "-dirty" to the work tree side when generating patch
-output or used with the --submodule option:
+modified files to protect against accidentally committing such a state. `git
+diff` will also add a `-dirty` to the work tree side when generating patch
+output or used with the `--submodule` option:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git diff
@@ -3745,12 +3746,12 @@ submodule update` will not overwrite them.  Instead, you get the usual
 warning about not being able switch from a dirty branch.
 
 [[low-level-operations]]
-Low-level git operations
+Low-level Git operations
 ========================
 
 Many of the higher-level commands were originally implemented as shell
-scripts using a smaller core of low-level git commands.  These can still
-be useful when doing unusual things with git, or just as a way to
+scripts using a smaller core of low-level Git commands.  These can still
+be useful when doing unusual things with Git, or just as a way to
 understand its inner workings.
 
 [[object-manipulation]]
@@ -3781,7 +3782,7 @@ between the working tree, the index, and the object database.  Git
 provides low-level operations which perform each of these steps
 individually.
 
-Generally, all "git" operations work on the index file. Some operations
+Generally, all Git operations work on the index file. Some operations
 work *purely* on the index file (showing the current state of the
 index), but most operations move data between the index file and either
 the database or the working directory. Thus there are four main
@@ -3804,7 +3805,7 @@ but to avoid common mistakes with filename globbing etc, the command
 will not normally add totally new entries or remove old entries,
 i.e. it will normally just update existing cache entries.
 
-To tell git that yes, you really do realize that certain files no
+To tell Git that yes, you really do realize that certain files no
 longer exist, or that new files should be added, you
 should use the `--remove` and `--add` flags respectively.
 
@@ -3880,7 +3881,7 @@ or, if you want to check out all of the index, use `-a`.
 
 NOTE! `git checkout-index` normally refuses to overwrite old files, so
 if you have an old version of the tree already checked out, you will
-need to use the "-f" flag ('before' the "-a" flag or the filename) to
+need to use the `-f` flag ('before' the `-a` flag or the filename) to
 'force' the checkout.
 
 
@@ -3891,7 +3892,7 @@ from one representation to the other:
 Tying it all together
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-To commit a tree you have instantiated with "git write-tree", you'd
+To commit a tree you have instantiated with `git write-tree`, you'd
 create a "commit" object that refers to that tree and the history
 behind it--most notably the "parent" commits that preceded it in
 history.
@@ -3918,7 +3919,7 @@ redirection from a pipe or file, or by just typing it at the tty).
 
 `git commit-tree` will return the name of the object that represents
 that commit, and you should save it away for later use. Normally,
-you'd commit a new `HEAD` state, and while git doesn't care where you
+you'd commit a new `HEAD` state, and while Git doesn't care where you
 save the note about that state, in practice we tend to just write the
 result to the file pointed at by `.git/HEAD`, so that we can always see
 what the last committed state was.
@@ -4075,7 +4076,7 @@ $ git ls-files --unmerged
 
 Each line of the `git ls-files --unmerged` output begins with
 the blob mode bits, blob SHA-1, 'stage number', and the
-filename.  The 'stage number' is git's way to say which tree it
+filename.  The 'stage number' is Git's way to say which tree it
 came from: stage 1 corresponds to the `$orig` tree, stage 2 to
 the `HEAD` tree, and stage 3 to the `$target` tree.
 
@@ -4087,7 +4088,7 @@ obviously the final outcome is what is in `HEAD`.  What the
 above example shows is that file `hello.c` was changed from
 `$orig` to `HEAD` and `$orig` to `$target` in a different way.
 You could resolve this by running your favorite 3-way merge
-program, e.g.  `diff3`, `merge`, or git's own merge-file, on
+program, e.g.  `diff3`, `merge`, or Git's own merge-file, on
 the blob objects from these three stages yourself, like this:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -4099,7 +4100,7 @@ $ git merge-file hello.c~2 hello.c~1 hello.c~3
 
 This would leave the merge result in `hello.c~2` file, along
 with conflict markers if there are conflicts.  After verifying
-the merge result makes sense, you can tell git what the final
+the merge result makes sense, you can tell Git what the final
 merge result for this file is by:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -4108,11 +4109,11 @@ $ git update-index hello.c
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 When a path is in the "unmerged" state, running `git update-index` for
-that path tells git to mark the path resolved.
+that path tells Git to mark the path resolved.
 
-The above is the description of a git merge at the lowest level,
+The above is the description of a Git merge at the lowest level,
 to help you understand what conceptually happens under the hood.
-In practice, nobody, not even git itself, runs `git cat-file` three times
+In practice, nobody, not even Git itself, runs `git cat-file` three times
 for this.  There is a `git merge-index` program that extracts the
 stages to temporary files and calls a "merge" script on it:
 
@@ -4123,11 +4124,11 @@ $ git merge-index git-merge-one-file hello.c
 and that is what higher level `git merge -s resolve` is implemented with.
 
 [[hacking-git]]
-Hacking git
+Hacking Git
 ===========
 
-This chapter covers internal details of the git implementation which
-probably only git developers need to understand.
+This chapter covers internal details of the Git implementation which
+probably only Git developers need to understand.
 
 [[object-details]]
 Object storage format
@@ -4145,15 +4146,16 @@ about the data in the object.  It's worth noting that the SHA-1 hash
 that is used to name the object is the hash of the original data
 plus this header, so `sha1sum` 'file' does not match the object name
 for 'file'.
-(Historical note: in the dawn of the age of git the hash
+(Historical note: in the dawn of the age of Git the hash
 was the SHA-1 of the 'compressed' object.)
 
 As a result, the general consistency of an object can always be tested
 independently of the contents or the type of the object: all objects can
 be validated by verifying that (a) their hashes match the content of the
 file and (b) the object successfully inflates to a stream of bytes that
-forms a sequence of <ascii type without space> {plus} <space> {plus} <ascii decimal
-size> {plus} <byte\0> {plus} <binary object data>.
+forms a sequence of
+`<ascii type without space> + <space> + <ascii decimal size> +
+<byte\0> + <binary object data>`.
 
 The structured objects can further have their structure and
 connectivity to other objects verified. This is generally done with
@@ -4175,7 +4177,7 @@ A good place to start is with the contents of the initial commit, with:
 $ git checkout e83c5163
 ----------------------------------------------------
 
-The initial revision lays the foundation for almost everything git has
+The initial revision lays the foundation for almost everything Git has
 today, but is small enough to read in one sitting.
 
 Note that terminology has changed since that revision.  For example, the
@@ -4329,7 +4331,7 @@ Now, for the meat:
 This is how you read a blob (actually, not only a blob, but any type of
 object).  To know how the function `read_object_with_reference()` actually
 works, find the source code for it (something like `git grep
-read_object_with | grep ":[a-z]"` in the git repository), and read
+read_object_with | grep ":[a-z]"` in the Git repository), and read
 the source.
 
 To find out how the result can be used, just read on in `cmd_cat_file()`:
@@ -4510,7 +4512,7 @@ $ git bisect bad		# if this revision is bad.
 Making changes
 --------------
 
-Make sure git knows who to blame:
+Make sure Git knows who to blame:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ cat >>~/.gitconfig <<\EOF
@@ -4560,7 +4562,7 @@ $ git format-patch origin..HEAD # format a patch for each commit
 $ git am mbox # import patches from the mailbox "mbox"
 -----------------------------------------------
 
-Fetch a branch in a different git repository, then merge into the
+Fetch a branch in a different Git repository, then merge into the
 current branch:
 
 -----------------------------------------------
@@ -4621,7 +4623,7 @@ The basic requirements:
 
 - It must be readable in order, from beginning to end, by someone
   intelligent with a basic grasp of the UNIX command line, but without
-  any special knowledge of git.  If necessary, any other prerequisites
+  any special knowledge of Git.  If necessary, any other prerequisites
   should be specifically mentioned as they arise.
 - Whenever possible, section headings should clearly describe the task
   they explain how to do, in language that requires no more knowledge
@@ -4632,10 +4634,10 @@ Think about how to create a clear chapter dependency graph that will
 allow people to get to important topics without necessarily reading
 everything in between.
 
-Scan Documentation/ for other stuff left out; in particular:
+Scan `Documentation/` for other stuff left out; in particular:
 
 - howto's
-- some of technical/?
+- some of `technical/`?
 - hooks
 - list of commands in linkgit:git[1]
 
diff --git a/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index 2908204..aa87dbf 100755
--- a/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=v1.8.1.6
+DEF_VER=v1.8.3-rc3
 
 LF='
 '
diff --git a/INSTALL b/INSTALL
index 2dc3b61..ba01e74 100644
--- a/INSTALL
+++ b/INSTALL
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Issues of note:
 	- "openssl" library is used by git-imap-send to use IMAP over SSL.
 	  If you don't need it, use NO_OPENSSL.
 
-	  By default, git uses OpenSSL for SHA1 but it will use it's own
+	  By default, git uses OpenSSL for SHA1 but it will use its own
 	  library (inspired by Mozilla's) with either NO_OPENSSL or
 	  BLK_SHA1.  Also included is a version optimized for PowerPC
 	  (PPC_SHA1).
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 5be5458..5f424a7 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@ all::
 # Define EXPATDIR=/foo/bar if your expat header and library files are in
 # /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
 #
+# Define EXPAT_NEEDS_XMLPARSE_H if you have an old version of expat (e.g.,
+# 1.1 or 1.2) that provides xmlparse.h instead of expat.h.
+#
 # Define NO_GETTEXT if you don't want Git output to be translated.
 # A translated Git requires GNU libintl or another gettext implementation,
 # plus libintl-perl at runtime.
@@ -74,10 +77,14 @@ all::
 # Define NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT if your platform defines DT_UNKNOWN but lacks
 # d_type in struct dirent (Cygwin 1.5, fixed in Cygwin 1.7).
 #
+# Define HAVE_STRINGS_H if you have strings.h and need it for strcasecmp.
+#
 # Define NO_STRCASESTR if you don't have strcasestr.
 #
 # Define NO_MEMMEM if you don't have memmem.
 #
+# Define NO_GETPAGESIZE if you don't have getpagesize.
+#
 # Define NO_STRLCPY if you don't have strlcpy.
 #
 # Define NO_STRTOUMAX if you don't have both strtoimax and strtoumax in the
@@ -94,13 +101,14 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NO_MKSTEMPS if you don't have mkstemps in the C library.
 #
-# Define NO_STRTOK_R if you don't have strtok_r in the C library.
-#
 # Define NO_FNMATCH if you don't have fnmatch in the C library.
 #
 # Define NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD if your fnmatch function doesn't have the
 # FNM_CASEFOLD GNU extension.
 #
+# Define USE_WILDMATCH if you want to use Git's wildmatch
+# implementation as fnmatch
+#
 # Define NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT if you don't have pw_gecos in struct passwd
 # in the C library.
 #
@@ -165,6 +173,10 @@ all::
 # Define NO_POLL if you do not have or don't want to use poll().
 # This also implies NO_SYS_POLL_H.
 #
+# Define NEEDS_SYS_PARAM_H if you need to include sys/param.h to compile,
+# *PLEASE* REPORT to git@vger.kernel.org if your platform needs this;
+# we want to know more about the issue.
+#
 # Define NO_PTHREADS if you do not have or do not want to use Pthreads.
 #
 # Define NO_PREAD if you have a problem with pread() system call (e.g.
@@ -233,11 +245,16 @@ all::
 # apostrophes to be ASCII so that cut&pasting examples to the shell
 # will work.
 #
+# Define PERL_PATH to the path of your Perl binary (usually /usr/bin/perl).
+#
 # Define NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER if you cannot use Makefiles generated by perl's
 # MakeMaker (e.g. using ActiveState under Cygwin).
 #
 # Define NO_PERL if you do not want Perl scripts or libraries at all.
 #
+# Define PYTHON_PATH to the path of your Python binary (often /usr/bin/python
+# but /usr/bin/python2.7 on some platforms).
+#
 # Define NO_PYTHON if you do not want Python scripts or libraries at all.
 #
 # Define NO_TCLTK if you do not want Tcl/Tk GUI.
@@ -330,19 +347,6 @@ GIT-VERSION-FILE: FORCE
 	@$(SHELL_PATH) ./GIT-VERSION-GEN
 -include GIT-VERSION-FILE
 
-uname_S := $(shell sh -c 'uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-uname_M := $(shell sh -c 'uname -m 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-uname_O := $(shell sh -c 'uname -o 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-uname_R := $(shell sh -c 'uname -r 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-uname_P := $(shell sh -c 'uname -p 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-uname_V := $(shell sh -c 'uname -v 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-
-ifdef MSVC
-	# avoid the MingW and Cygwin configuration sections
-	uname_S := Windows
-	uname_O := Windows
-endif
-
 # CFLAGS and LDFLAGS are for the users to override from the command line.
 
 CFLAGS = -g -O2 -Wall
@@ -354,33 +358,39 @@ STRIP ?= strip
 # Among the variables below, these:
 #   gitexecdir
 #   template_dir
-#   mandir
-#   infodir
-#   htmldir
 #   sysconfdir
 # can be specified as a relative path some/where/else;
 # this is interpreted as relative to $(prefix) and "git" at
 # runtime figures out where they are based on the path to the executable.
+# Additionally, the following will be treated as relative by "git" if they
+# begin with "$(prefix)/":
+#   mandir
+#   infodir
+#   htmldir
 # This can help installing the suite in a relocatable way.
 
 prefix = $(HOME)
 bindir_relative = bin
 bindir = $(prefix)/$(bindir_relative)
-mandir = share/man
-infodir = share/info
+mandir = $(prefix)/share/man
+infodir = $(prefix)/share/info
 gitexecdir = libexec/git-core
 mergetoolsdir = $(gitexecdir)/mergetools
 sharedir = $(prefix)/share
 gitwebdir = $(sharedir)/gitweb
 localedir = $(sharedir)/locale
 template_dir = share/git-core/templates
-htmldir = share/doc/git-doc
+htmldir = $(prefix)/share/doc/git-doc
 ETC_GITCONFIG = $(sysconfdir)/gitconfig
 ETC_GITATTRIBUTES = $(sysconfdir)/gitattributes
 lib = lib
 # DESTDIR =
 pathsep = :
 
+mandir_relative = $(patsubst $(prefix)/%,%,$(mandir))
+infodir_relative = $(patsubst $(prefix)/%,%,$(infodir))
+htmldir_relative = $(patsubst $(prefix)/%,%,$(htmldir))
+
 export prefix bindir sharedir sysconfdir gitwebdir localedir
 
 CC = cc
@@ -450,6 +460,7 @@ SCRIPT_SH += git-mergetool.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-pull.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-quiltimport.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-rebase.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-remote-testgit.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-repack.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-request-pull.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-stash.sh
@@ -474,12 +485,41 @@ SCRIPT_PERL += git-relink.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-send-email.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-svn.perl
 
-SCRIPT_PYTHON += git-remote-testgit.py
+SCRIPT_PYTHON += git-remote-testpy.py
 SCRIPT_PYTHON += git-p4.py
 
-SCRIPTS = $(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) \
-	  $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)) \
-	  $(patsubst %.py,%,$(SCRIPT_PYTHON)) \
+# Generated files for scripts
+SCRIPT_SH_GEN = $(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH))
+SCRIPT_PERL_GEN = $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL))
+SCRIPT_PYTHON_GEN = $(patsubst %.py,%,$(SCRIPT_PYTHON))
+
+# Individual rules to allow e.g.
+# "make -C ../.. SCRIPT_PERL=contrib/foo/bar.perl build-perl-script"
+# from subdirectories like contrib/*/
+.PHONY: build-perl-script build-sh-script build-python-script
+build-perl-script: $(SCRIPT_PERL_GEN)
+build-sh-script: $(SCRIPT_SH_GEN)
+build-python-script: $(SCRIPT_PYTHON_GEN)
+
+.PHONY: install-perl-script install-sh-script install-python-script
+install-sh-script: $(SCRIPT_SH_GEN)
+	$(INSTALL) $(SCRIPT_SH_GEN) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)'
+install-perl-script: $(SCRIPT_PERL_GEN)
+	$(INSTALL) $(SCRIPT_PERL_GEN) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)'
+install-python-script: $(SCRIPT_PYTHON_GEN)
+	$(INSTALL) $(SCRIPT_PYTHON_GEN) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)'
+
+.PHONY: clean-perl-script clean-sh-script clean-python-script
+clean-sh-script:
+	$(RM) $(SCRIPT_SH_GEN)
+clean-perl-script:
+	$(RM) $(SCRIPT_PERL_GEN)
+clean-python-script:
+	$(RM) $(SCRIPT_PYTHON_GEN)
+
+SCRIPTS = $(SCRIPT_SH_GEN) \
+	  $(SCRIPT_PERL_GEN) \
+	  $(SCRIPT_PYTHON_GEN) \
 	  git-instaweb
 
 ETAGS_TARGET = TAGS
@@ -528,6 +568,7 @@ TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-sigchain
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-string-list
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-subprocess
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-svn-fe
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-wildmatch
 
 TEST_PROGRAMS = $(patsubst %,%$X,$(TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X))
 
@@ -649,6 +690,7 @@ LIB_H += pack-revindex.h
 LIB_H += pack.h
 LIB_H += parse-options.h
 LIB_H += patch-ids.h
+LIB_H += pathspec.h
 LIB_H += pkt-line.h
 LIB_H += progress.h
 LIB_H += prompt.h
@@ -690,6 +732,7 @@ LIB_H += vcs-svn/sliding_window.h
 LIB_H += vcs-svn/svndiff.h
 LIB_H += vcs-svn/svndump.h
 LIB_H += walker.h
+LIB_H += wildmatch.h
 LIB_H += wt-status.h
 LIB_H += xdiff-interface.h
 LIB_H += xdiff/xdiff.h
@@ -784,6 +827,7 @@ LIB_OBJS += parse-options-cb.o
 LIB_OBJS += patch-delta.o
 LIB_OBJS += patch-ids.o
 LIB_OBJS += path.o
+LIB_OBJS += pathspec.o
 LIB_OBJS += pkt-line.o
 LIB_OBJS += preload-index.o
 LIB_OBJS += pretty.o
@@ -831,6 +875,7 @@ LIB_OBJS += utf8.o
 LIB_OBJS += varint.o
 LIB_OBJS += version.o
 LIB_OBJS += walker.o
+LIB_OBJS += wildmatch.o
 LIB_OBJS += wrapper.o
 LIB_OBJS += write_or_die.o
 LIB_OBJS += ws.o
@@ -848,6 +893,7 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/branch.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/bundle.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/cat-file.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/check-attr.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/check-ignore.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/check-ref-format.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/checkout-index.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/checkout.o
@@ -938,518 +984,7 @@ EXTLIBS =
 
 GIT_USER_AGENT = git/$(GIT_VERSION)
 
-#
-# Platform specific tweaks
-#
-
-# We choose to avoid "if .. else if .. else .. endif endif"
-# because maintaining the nesting to match is a pain.  If
-# we had "elif" things would have been much nicer...
-
-ifeq ($(uname_M),x86_64)
-	XDL_FAST_HASH = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),OSF1)
-	# Need this for u_short definitions et al
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_OSF_SOURCE
-	SOCKLEN_T = int
-	NO_STRTOULL = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),Linux)
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
-	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU/kFreeBSD)
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
-	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),UnixWare)
-	CC = cc
-	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/bash
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
-	INSTALL = ginstall
-	TAR = gtar
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),SCO_SV)
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.2)
-		CFLAGS = -O2
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5)
-		CC = cc
-		BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
-	endif
-	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH = /usr/bin/bash
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	INSTALL = ginstall
-	TAR = gtar
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
-	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15678]\.'),2)
-		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15]\.'),2)
-		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	endif
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
-	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
-	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/precompose_utf8.o
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DPRECOMPOSE_UNICODE
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),SunOS)
-	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH = /bin/bash
-	SANE_TOOL_PATH = /usr/xpg6/bin:/usr/xpg4/bin
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	NO_MSGFMT_EXTENDED_OPTIONS = YesPlease
-	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.6)
-		SOCKLEN_T = int
-		NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
-		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.7)
-		NEEDS_RESOLV = YesPlease
-		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
-		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.8)
-		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.9)
-		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-	endif
-	INSTALL = /usr/ucb/install
-	TAR = gtar
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D__EXTENSIONS__ -D__sun__ -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_O),Cygwin)
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '1\.[1-6]\.'),4)
-		NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
-		NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
-		NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-		NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-		NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-		NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
-		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
-		CYGWIN_V15_WIN32API = YesPlease
-	endif
-	NO_THREAD_SAFE_PREAD = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
-	# There are conflicting reports about this.
-	# On some boxes NO_MMAP is needed, and not so elsewhere.
-	# Try commenting this out if you suspect MMAP is more efficient
-	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
-	X = .exe
-	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/cygwin.o
-	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
-	SPARSE_FLAGS = -isystem /usr/include/w32api -Wno-one-bit-signed-bitfield
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
-	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
-	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '4\.'),2)
-		PTHREAD_LIBS = -pthread
-		NO_UINTMAX_T = YesPlease
-		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-	endif
-	PYTHON_PATH = /usr/local/bin/python
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),NetBSD)
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[01]\.'),2)
-		NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	endif
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/pkg/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/pkg/lib $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)/usr/pkg/lib
-	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),AIX)
-	DEFAULT_PAGER = more
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
-	INTERNAL_QSORT = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_LARGE_FILES
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_V)" : '[1234]'),1)
-		NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
-	else
-		PTHREAD_LIBS = -lpthread
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_V).$(uname_R)" : '5\.1'),3)
-		INLINE = ''
-	endif
-	GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU)
-	# GNU/Hurd
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX)
-	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
-	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
-	# git dies with a segmentation fault when trying to access the first
-	# entry of a reflog.  The conservative choice is made to always set
-	# NO_MMAP.  If you suspect that your compiler is not affected by this
-	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
-	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH = /usr/gnu/bin/bash
-	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX64)
-	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
-	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
-	# git dies with a segmentation fault when trying to access the first
-	# entry of a reflog.  The conservative choice is made to always set
-	# NO_MMAP.  If you suspect that your compiler is not affected by this
-	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
-	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH = /usr/gnu/bin/bash
-	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),HP-UX)
-	INLINE = __inline
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_SYS_SELECT_H = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),B.11.00)
-		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
-		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),B.10.20)
-		# Override HP-UX 11.x setting:
-		INLINE =
-		SOCKLEN_T = size_t
-		NO_PREAD = YesPlease
-		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
-		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
-	endif
-	GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),Windows)
-	GIT_VERSION := $(GIT_VERSION).MSVC
-	pathsep = ;
-	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
-	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
-	NO_POLL = YesPlease
-	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_UNIX_SOCKETS = YesPlease
-	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOK_R = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	# NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_ICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOULL = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
-	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
-	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
-	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
-	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
-	# USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
-	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
-	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_CURL = YesPlease
-	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
-	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
-	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NATIVE_CRLF = YesPlease
-	DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT = html
-
-	CC = compat/vcbuild/scripts/clink.pl
-	AR = compat/vcbuild/scripts/lib.pl
-	CFLAGS =
-	BASIC_CFLAGS = -nologo -I. -I../zlib -Icompat/vcbuild -Icompat/vcbuild/include -DWIN32 -D_CONSOLE -DHAVE_STRING_H -D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS -D_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
-	COMPAT_OBJS = compat/msvc.o compat/winansi.o \
-		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
-		compat/win32/dirent.o
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS = -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -DHAVE_STRING_H -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H -Icompat -Icompat/regex -Icompat/win32 -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS = -IGNORE:4217 -IGNORE:4049 -NOLOGO -SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE -NODEFAULTLIB:MSVCRT.lib
-	EXTLIBS = user32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib wininet.lib ws2_32.lib
-	PTHREAD_LIBS =
-	lib =
-ifndef DEBUG
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -GL -Os -MT
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -LTCG
-	AR += -LTCG
-else
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Zi -MTd
-endif
-	X = .exe
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),Interix)
-	NO_INITGROUPS = YesPlease
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.5)
-		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
-		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
-		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
-		NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.2)
-		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
-		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
-		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
-		NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	endif
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),Minix)
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBGEN =
-	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_IDN_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_RESOLV =
-	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
-	NO_CURL =
-	NO_EXPAT =
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),NONSTOP_KERNEL)
-	# Needs some C99 features, "inline" is just one of them.
-	# INLINE='' would just replace one set of warnings with another and
-	# still not compile in c89 mode, due to non-const array initializations.
-	CC = cc -c99
-	# Disable all optimization, seems to result in bad code, with -O or -O2
-	# or even -O1 (default), /usr/local/libexec/git-core/git-pack-objects
-	# abends on "git push". Needs more investigation.
-	CFLAGS = -g -O0
-	# We'd want it to be here.
-	prefix = /usr/local
-	# Our's are in ${prefix}/bin (perl might also be in /usr/bin/perl).
-	PERL_PATH = ${prefix}/bin/perl
-	PYTHON_PATH = ${prefix}/bin/python
-
-	# As detected by './configure'.
-	# Missdetected, hence commented out, see below.
-	#NO_CURL = YesPlease
-	# Added manually, see above.
-	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
-	HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBINTL_BEFORE_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_SYS_SELECT_H = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
-	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	# Currently libiconv-1.9.1.
-	OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_PTHREADS = UnfortunatelyYes
-
-	# Not detected (nor checked for) by './configure'.
-	# We don't have SA_RESTART on NonStop, unfortunalety.
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSA_RESTART=0
-	# Apparently needed in compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c.
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_STRING_H=1
-	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
-	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
-	NO_POLL = YesPlease
-	NO_INTPTR_T = UnfortunatelyYes
-	# Bug report 10-120822-4477 submitted to HP NonStop development.
-	MKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH = YesPlease
-	# RFE 10-120912-4693 submitted to HP NonStop development.
-	NO_SETITIMER = UnfortunatelyYes
-	SANE_TOOL_PATH = /usr/coreutils/bin:/usr/local/bin
-	SHELL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/bash
-	# as of H06.25/J06.14, we might better use this
-	#SHELL_PATH = /usr/coreutils/bin/bash
-endif
-ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
-	pathsep = ;
-	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
-	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
-	NO_POLL = YesPlease
-	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
-	NO_UNIX_SOCKETS = YesPlease
-	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOK_R = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
-	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
-	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
-	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
-	USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
-	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
-	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
-	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
-	ETAGS_TARGET = ETAGS
-	NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
-	NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
-	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/win32
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
-	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/winansi.o \
-		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
-		compat/win32/dirent.o
-	EXTLIBS += -lws2_32
-	PTHREAD_LIBS =
-	X = .exe
-	SPARSE_FLAGS = -Wno-one-bit-signed-bitfield
-ifneq (,$(wildcard ../THIS_IS_MSYSGIT))
-	htmldir = doc/git/html/
-	prefix =
-	INSTALL = /bin/install
-	EXTLIBS += /mingw/lib/libz.a
-	NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER = YesPlease
-	INTERNAL_QSORT = YesPlease
-	HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H = YesPlease
-else
-	NO_CURL = YesPlease
-endif
-endif
-
+include config.mak.uname
 -include config.mak.autogen
 -include config.mak
 
@@ -1588,6 +1123,9 @@ else
 		else
 			EXPAT_LIBEXPAT = -lexpat
 		endif
+		ifdef EXPAT_NEEDS_XMLPARSE_H
+			BASIC_CFLAGS += -DEXPAT_NEEDS_XMLPARSE_H
+		endif
 	endif
 endif
 
@@ -1657,6 +1195,9 @@ endif
 ifdef NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT
 endif
+ifdef NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_GECOS_IN_PWENT
+endif
 ifdef NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT
 endif
@@ -1710,10 +1251,6 @@ endif
 ifdef NO_STRTOULL
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_STRTOULL
 endif
-ifdef NO_STRTOK_R
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_STRTOK_R
-	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/strtok_r.o
-endif
 ifdef NO_FNMATCH
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -Icompat/fnmatch
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_FNMATCH
@@ -1725,6 +1262,9 @@ ifdef NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o
 endif
 endif
+ifdef USE_WILDMATCH
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DUSE_WILDMATCH
+endif
 ifdef NO_SETENV
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_SETENV
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/setenv.o
@@ -1750,6 +1290,9 @@ endif
 ifdef NO_SYS_POLL_H
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_SYS_POLL_H
 endif
+ifdef NEEDS_SYS_PARAM_H
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNEEDS_SYS_PARAM_H
+endif
 ifdef NO_INTTYPES_H
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_INTTYPES_H
 endif
@@ -1861,6 +1404,9 @@ ifdef NO_MEMMEM
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MEMMEM
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/memmem.o
 endif
+ifdef NO_GETPAGESIZE
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_GETPAGESIZE
+endif
 ifdef INTERNAL_QSORT
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DINTERNAL_QSORT
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/qsort.o
@@ -1886,6 +1432,10 @@ ifdef HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H
 	EXTLIBS += $(CHARSET_LIB)
 endif
 
+ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_STRINGS_H
+endif
+
 ifdef HAVE_DEV_TTY
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_DEV_TTY
 endif
@@ -1996,12 +1546,12 @@ ETC_GITATTRIBUTES_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(ETC_GITATTRIBUTES))
 DESTDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DESTDIR))
 bindir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir))
 bindir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir_relative))
-mandir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(mandir))
-infodir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(infodir))
+mandir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(mandir_relative))
+infodir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(infodir_relative))
 localedir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(localedir))
 gitexecdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexecdir))
 template_dir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(template_dir))
-htmldir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(htmldir))
+htmldir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(htmldir_relative))
 prefix_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(prefix))
 gitwebdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitwebdir))
 
@@ -2133,9 +1683,9 @@ strip: $(PROGRAMS) git$X
 
 git.sp git.s git.o: GIT-PREFIX
 git.sp git.s git.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
-	'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_SQ)"' \
-	'-DGIT_MAN_PATH="$(mandir_SQ)"' \
-	'-DGIT_INFO_PATH="$(infodir_SQ)"'
+	'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_relative_SQ)"' \
+	'-DGIT_MAN_PATH="$(mandir_relative_SQ)"' \
+	'-DGIT_INFO_PATH="$(infodir_relative_SQ)"'
 
 git$X: git.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ git.o \
@@ -2145,9 +1695,9 @@ help.sp help.s help.o: common-cmds.h
 
 builtin/help.sp builtin/help.s builtin/help.o: common-cmds.h GIT-PREFIX
 builtin/help.sp builtin/help.s builtin/help.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
-	'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_SQ)"' \
-	'-DGIT_MAN_PATH="$(mandir_SQ)"' \
-	'-DGIT_INFO_PATH="$(infodir_SQ)"'
+	'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_relative_SQ)"' \
+	'-DGIT_MAN_PATH="$(mandir_relative_SQ)"' \
+	'-DGIT_INFO_PATH="$(infodir_relative_SQ)"'
 
 version.sp version.s version.o: GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-USER-AGENT
 version.sp version.s version.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
@@ -2185,7 +1735,7 @@ endef
 GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES: FORCE
 	@FLAGS='$(SCRIPT_DEFINES)'; \
 	    if test x"$$FLAGS" != x"`cat $@ 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
-		echo 1>&2 "    * new script parameters"; \
+		echo >&2 "    * new script parameters"; \
 		echo "$$FLAGS" >$@; \
             fi
 
@@ -2574,7 +2124,7 @@ TRACK_PREFIX = $(bindir_SQ):$(gitexecdir_SQ):$(template_dir_SQ):$(prefix_SQ):\
 GIT-PREFIX: FORCE
 	@FLAGS='$(TRACK_PREFIX)'; \
 	if test x"$$FLAGS" != x"`cat GIT-PREFIX 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
-		echo 1>&2 "    * new prefix flags"; \
+		echo >&2 "    * new prefix flags"; \
 		echo "$$FLAGS" >GIT-PREFIX; \
 	fi
 
@@ -2583,7 +2133,7 @@ TRACK_CFLAGS = $(CC):$(subst ','\'',$(ALL_CFLAGS)):$(USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME)
 GIT-CFLAGS: FORCE
 	@FLAGS='$(TRACK_CFLAGS)'; \
 	    if test x"$$FLAGS" != x"`cat GIT-CFLAGS 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
-		echo 1>&2 "    * new build flags"; \
+		echo >&2 "    * new build flags"; \
 		echo "$$FLAGS" >GIT-CFLAGS; \
             fi
 
@@ -2592,7 +2142,7 @@ TRACK_LDFLAGS = $(subst ','\'',$(ALL_LDFLAGS))
 GIT-LDFLAGS: FORCE
 	@FLAGS='$(TRACK_LDFLAGS)'; \
 	    if test x"$$FLAGS" != x"`cat GIT-LDFLAGS 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
-		echo 1>&2 "    * new link flags"; \
+		echo >&2 "    * new link flags"; \
 		echo "$$FLAGS" >GIT-LDFLAGS; \
             fi
 
@@ -2634,18 +2184,6 @@ ifdef GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS
 	@echo GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS)))'\' >>$@
 endif
 
-### Detect Tck/Tk interpreter path changes
-ifndef NO_TCLTK
-TRACK_VARS = $(subst ','\'',-DTCLTK_PATH='$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)')
-
-GIT-GUI-VARS: FORCE
-	@VARS='$(TRACK_VARS)'; \
-	    if test x"$$VARS" != x"`cat $@ 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
-		echo 1>&2 "    * new Tcl/Tk interpreter location"; \
-		echo "$$VARS" >$@; \
-            fi
-endif
-
 ### Detect Python interpreter path changes
 ifndef NO_PYTHON
 TRACK_PYTHON = $(subst ','\'',-DPYTHON_PATH='$(PYTHON_PATH_SQ)')
@@ -2653,7 +2191,7 @@ TRACK_PYTHON = $(subst ','\'',-DPYTHON_PATH='$(PYTHON_PATH_SQ)')
 GIT-PYTHON-VARS: FORCE
 	@VARS='$(TRACK_PYTHON)'; \
 	    if test x"$$VARS" != x"`cat $@ 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
-		echo 1>&2 "    * new Python interpreter location"; \
+		echo >&2 "    * new Python interpreter location"; \
 		echo "$$VARS" >$@; \
             fi
 endif
@@ -2911,8 +2449,7 @@ clean: profile-clean
 		builtin/*.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(VCSSVN_LIB)
 	$(RM) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) git$X
 	$(RM) $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
-	$(RM) -r bin-wrappers
-	$(RM) -r $(dep_dirs)
+	$(RM) -r bin-wrappers $(dep_dirs)
 	$(RM) -r po/build/
 	$(RM) *.spec *.pyc *.pyo */*.pyc */*.pyo common-cmds.h $(ETAGS_TARGET) tags cscope*
 	$(RM) -r $(GIT_TARNAME) .doc-tmp-dir
@@ -2932,7 +2469,7 @@ ifndef NO_TCLTK
 	$(MAKE) -C gitk-git clean
 	$(MAKE) -C git-gui clean
 endif
-	$(RM) GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-CFLAGS GIT-LDFLAGS GIT-GUI-VARS GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
+	$(RM) GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-CFLAGS GIT-LDFLAGS GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 	$(RM) GIT-USER-AGENT GIT-PREFIX GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES GIT-PYTHON-VARS
 
 .PHONY: all install profile-clean clean strip
diff --git a/README b/README
index a960ca8..15a8e23 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-	GIT - the stupid content tracker
+	Git - the stupid content tracker
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
diff --git a/RelNotes b/RelNotes
index 4f1d2cb..80b7e38 120000
--- a/RelNotes
+++ b/RelNotes
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.6.txt
\ No newline at end of file
+Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.3.txt
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/advice.c b/advice.c
index edfbd4a..a8deee6 100644
--- a/advice.c
+++ b/advice.c
@@ -1,28 +1,41 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 
-int advice_push_nonfastforward = 1;
+int advice_push_update_rejected = 1;
 int advice_push_non_ff_current = 1;
 int advice_push_non_ff_default = 1;
 int advice_push_non_ff_matching = 1;
+int advice_push_already_exists = 1;
+int advice_push_fetch_first = 1;
+int advice_push_needs_force = 1;
 int advice_status_hints = 1;
+int advice_status_u_option = 1;
 int advice_commit_before_merge = 1;
 int advice_resolve_conflict = 1;
 int advice_implicit_identity = 1;
 int advice_detached_head = 1;
+int advice_set_upstream_failure = 1;
 
 static struct {
 	const char *name;
 	int *preference;
 } advice_config[] = {
-	{ "pushnonfastforward", &advice_push_nonfastforward },
+	{ "pushupdaterejected", &advice_push_update_rejected },
 	{ "pushnonffcurrent", &advice_push_non_ff_current },
 	{ "pushnonffdefault", &advice_push_non_ff_default },
 	{ "pushnonffmatching", &advice_push_non_ff_matching },
+	{ "pushalreadyexists", &advice_push_already_exists },
+	{ "pushfetchfirst", &advice_push_fetch_first },
+	{ "pushneedsforce", &advice_push_needs_force },
 	{ "statushints", &advice_status_hints },
+	{ "statusuoption", &advice_status_u_option },
 	{ "commitbeforemerge", &advice_commit_before_merge },
 	{ "resolveconflict", &advice_resolve_conflict },
 	{ "implicitidentity", &advice_implicit_identity },
 	{ "detachedhead", &advice_detached_head },
+	{ "setupstreamfailure", &advice_set_upstream_failure },
+
+	/* make this an alias for backward compatibility */
+	{ "pushnonfastforward", &advice_push_update_rejected }
 };
 
 void advise(const char *advice, ...)
diff --git a/advice.h b/advice.h
index f3cdbbf..94caa32 100644
--- a/advice.h
+++ b/advice.h
@@ -3,15 +3,20 @@
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 
-extern int advice_push_nonfastforward;
+extern int advice_push_update_rejected;
 extern int advice_push_non_ff_current;
 extern int advice_push_non_ff_default;
 extern int advice_push_non_ff_matching;
+extern int advice_push_already_exists;
+extern int advice_push_fetch_first;
+extern int advice_push_needs_force;
 extern int advice_status_hints;
+extern int advice_status_u_option;
 extern int advice_commit_before_merge;
 extern int advice_resolve_conflict;
 extern int advice_implicit_identity;
 extern int advice_detached_head;
+extern int advice_set_upstream_failure;
 
 int git_default_advice_config(const char *var, const char *value);
 void advise(const char *advice, ...);
diff --git a/archive-tar.c b/archive-tar.c
index d1cce46..719b629 100644
--- a/archive-tar.c
+++ b/archive-tar.c
@@ -327,20 +327,12 @@ static struct archiver *find_tar_filter(const char *name, int len)
 static int tar_filter_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
 {
 	struct archiver *ar;
-	const char *dot;
 	const char *name;
 	const char *type;
 	int namelen;
 
-	if (prefixcmp(var, "tar."))
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "tar", &name, &namelen, &type) < 0 || !name)
 		return 0;
-	dot = strrchr(var, '.');
-	if (dot == var + 9)
-		return 0;
-
-	name = var + 4;
-	namelen = dot - name;
-	type = dot + 1;
 
 	ar = find_tar_filter(name, namelen);
 	if (!ar) {
diff --git a/archive-zip.c b/archive-zip.c
index d3aef53..b2c4fe0 100644
--- a/archive-zip.c
+++ b/archive-zip.c
@@ -111,8 +111,9 @@ static void copy_le32(unsigned char *dest, unsigned int n)
 	dest[3] = 0xff & (n >> 030);
 }
 
-static void *zlib_deflate(void *data, unsigned long size,
-		int compression_level, unsigned long *compressed_size)
+static void *zlib_deflate_raw(void *data, unsigned long size,
+			      int compression_level,
+			      unsigned long *compressed_size)
 {
 	git_zstream stream;
 	unsigned long maxsize;
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ static void *zlib_deflate(void *data, unsigned long size,
 	int result;
 
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-	git_deflate_init(&stream, compression_level);
+	git_deflate_init_raw(&stream, compression_level);
 	maxsize = git_deflate_bound(&stream, size);
 	buffer = xmalloc(maxsize);
 
@@ -240,7 +241,6 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 			(mode & 0111) ? ((mode) << 16) : 0;
 		if (S_ISREG(mode) && args->compression_level != 0 && size > 0)
 			method = 8;
-		compressed_size = (method == 0) ? size : 0;
 
 		if (S_ISREG(mode) && type == OBJ_BLOB && !args->convert &&
 		    size > big_file_threshold) {
@@ -259,20 +259,18 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 			crc = crc32(crc, buffer, size);
 			out = buffer;
 		}
+		compressed_size = (method == 0) ? size : 0;
 	} else {
 		return error("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)", mode,
 				sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
 
 	if (buffer && method == 8) {
-		deflated = zlib_deflate(buffer, size, args->compression_level,
-				&compressed_size);
-		if (deflated && compressed_size - 6 < size) {
-			/* ZLIB --> raw compressed data (see RFC 1950) */
-			/* CMF and FLG ... */
-			out = (unsigned char *)deflated + 2;
-			compressed_size -= 6;	/* ... and ADLER32 */
-		} else {
+		out = deflated = zlib_deflate_raw(buffer, size,
+						  args->compression_level,
+						  &compressed_size);
+		if (!out || compressed_size >= size) {
+			out = buffer;
 			method = 0;
 			compressed_size = size;
 		}
@@ -353,7 +351,7 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 		unsigned char compressed[STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE * 2];
 
 		memset(&zstream, 0, sizeof(zstream));
-		git_deflate_init(&zstream, args->compression_level);
+		git_deflate_init_raw(&zstream, args->compression_level);
 
 		compressed_size = 0;
 		zstream.next_out = compressed;
@@ -370,13 +368,10 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 			result = git_deflate(&zstream, 0);
 			if (result != Z_OK)
 				die("deflate error (%d)", result);
-			out = compressed;
-			if (!compressed_size)
-				out += 2;
-			out_len = zstream.next_out - out;
+			out_len = zstream.next_out - compressed;
 
 			if (out_len > 0) {
-				write_or_die(1, out, out_len);
+				write_or_die(1, compressed, out_len);
 				compressed_size += out_len;
 				zstream.next_out = compressed;
 				zstream.avail_out = sizeof(compressed);
@@ -394,11 +389,8 @@ static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 			die("deflate error (%d)", result);
 
 		git_deflate_end(&zstream);
-		out = compressed;
-		if (!compressed_size)
-			out += 2;
-		out_len = zstream.next_out - out - 4;
-		write_or_die(1, out, out_len);
+		out_len = zstream.next_out - compressed;
+		write_or_die(1, compressed, out_len);
 		compressed_size += out_len;
 		zip_offset += compressed_size;
 
diff --git a/archive.c b/archive.c
index 93e00bb..d254fa5 100644
--- a/archive.c
+++ b/archive.c
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ static void parse_pathspec_arg(const char **pathspec,
 	ar_args->pathspec = pathspec = get_pathspec("", pathspec);
 	if (pathspec) {
 		while (*pathspec) {
-			if (!path_exists(ar_args->tree, *pathspec))
+			if (**pathspec && !path_exists(ar_args->tree, *pathspec))
 				die("path not found: %s", *pathspec);
 			pathspec++;
 		}
diff --git a/attr.c b/attr.c
index 23be4ab..0e774c6 100644
--- a/attr.c
+++ b/attr.c
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ static struct match_attr *parse_attr_line(const char *line, const char *src,
  * (reading the file from top to bottom), .gitattribute of the root
  * directory (again, reading the file from top to bottom) down to the
  * current directory, and then scan the list backwards to find the first match.
- * This is exactly the same as what excluded() does in dir.c to deal with
+ * This is exactly the same as what is_excluded() does in dir.c to deal with
  * .gitignore
  */
 
@@ -381,46 +381,13 @@ static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_file(const char *path, int macro_ok)
 	return res;
 }
 
-static void *read_index_data(const char *path)
-{
-	int pos, len;
-	unsigned long sz;
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *data;
-	struct index_state *istate = use_index ? use_index : &the_index;
-
-	len = strlen(path);
-	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
-	if (pos < 0) {
-		/*
-		 * We might be in the middle of a merge, in which
-		 * case we would read stage #2 (ours).
-		 */
-		int i;
-		for (i = -pos - 1;
-		     (pos < 0 && i < istate->cache_nr &&
-		      !strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, path));
-		     i++)
-			if (ce_stage(istate->cache[i]) == 2)
-				pos = i;
-	}
-	if (pos < 0)
-		return NULL;
-	data = read_sha1_file(istate->cache[pos]->sha1, &type, &sz);
-	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
-		free(data);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	return data;
-}
-
 static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_index(const char *path, int macro_ok)
 {
 	struct attr_stack *res;
 	char *buf, *sp;
 	int lineno = 0;
 
-	buf = read_index_data(path);
+	buf = read_blob_data_from_index(use_index ? use_index : &the_index, path, NULL);
 	if (!buf)
 		return NULL;
 
diff --git a/bisect.c b/bisect.c
index bd1b7b5..374d9e2 100644
--- a/bisect.c
+++ b/bisect.c
@@ -525,9 +525,9 @@ struct commit_list *filter_skipped(struct commit_list *list,
  * is increased by one between each call, but that should not matter
  * for this application.
  */
-static int get_prn(int count) {
+static unsigned get_prn(unsigned count) {
 	count = count * 1103515245 + 12345;
-	return ((unsigned)(count/65536) % PRN_MODULO);
+	return (count/65536) % PRN_MODULO;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/branch.c b/branch.c
index 2bef1e7..97c72bf 100644
--- a/branch.c
+++ b/branch.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, cons
 	if (remote_is_branch
 	    && !strcmp(local, shortname)
 	    && !origin) {
-		warning("Not setting branch %s as its own upstream.",
+		warning(_("Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."),
 			local);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -78,25 +78,25 @@ void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, cons
 
 	if (flag & BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE) {
 		if (remote_is_branch && origin)
-			printf(rebasing ?
-			       "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing.\n" :
-			       "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s.\n",
-			       local, shortname, origin);
+			printf_ln(rebasing ?
+				  _("Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing.") :
+				  _("Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."),
+				  local, shortname, origin);
 		else if (remote_is_branch && !origin)
-			printf(rebasing ?
-			       "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing.\n" :
-			       "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s.\n",
-			       local, shortname);
+			printf_ln(rebasing ?
+				  _("Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing.") :
+				  _("Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."),
+				  local, shortname);
 		else if (!remote_is_branch && origin)
-			printf(rebasing ?
-			       "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing.\n" :
-			       "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s.\n",
-			       local, remote);
+			printf_ln(rebasing ?
+				  _("Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing.") :
+				  _("Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."),
+				  local, remote);
 		else if (!remote_is_branch && !origin)
-			printf(rebasing ?
-			       "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing.\n" :
-			       "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s.\n",
-			       local, remote);
+			printf_ln(rebasing ?
+				  _("Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing.") :
+				  _("Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."),
+				  local, remote);
 		else
 			die("BUG: impossible combination of %d and %p",
 			    remote_is_branch, origin);
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ static int setup_tracking(const char *new_ref, const char *orig_ref,
 	int config_flags = quiet ? 0 : BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE;
 
 	if (strlen(new_ref) > 1024 - 7 - 7 - 1)
-		return error("Tracking not set up: name too long: %s",
+		return error(_("Tracking not set up: name too long: %s"),
 				new_ref);
 
 	memset(&tracking, 0, sizeof(tracking));
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ static int setup_tracking(const char *new_ref, const char *orig_ref,
 		}
 
 	if (tracking.matches > 1)
-		return error("Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s",
+		return error(_("Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"),
 				orig_ref);
 
 	install_branch_config(config_flags, new_ref, tracking.remote,
@@ -179,12 +179,12 @@ int validate_new_branchname(const char *name, struct strbuf *ref,
 			    int force, int attr_only)
 {
 	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(ref, name))
-		die("'%s' is not a valid branch name.", name);
+		die(_("'%s' is not a valid branch name."), name);
 
 	if (!ref_exists(ref->buf))
 		return 0;
 	else if (!force && !attr_only)
-		die("A branch named '%s' already exists.", ref->buf + strlen("refs/heads/"));
+		die(_("A branch named '%s' already exists."), ref->buf + strlen("refs/heads/"));
 
 	if (!attr_only) {
 		const char *head;
@@ -192,11 +192,25 @@ int validate_new_branchname(const char *name, struct strbuf *ref,
 
 		head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
 		if (!is_bare_repository() && head && !strcmp(head, ref->buf))
-			die("Cannot force update the current branch.");
+			die(_("Cannot force update the current branch."));
 	}
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static const char upstream_not_branch[] =
+N_("Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch.");
+static const char upstream_missing[] =
+N_("the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist");
+static const char upstream_advice[] =
+N_("\n"
+"If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
+"branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to\n"
+"run \"git fetch\" to retrieve it.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you are planning to push out a new local branch that\n"
+"will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
+"\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push.");
+
 void create_branch(const char *head,
 		   const char *name, const char *start_name,
 		   int force, int reflog, int clobber_head,
@@ -224,38 +238,47 @@ void create_branch(const char *head,
 	}
 
 	real_ref = NULL;
-	if (get_sha1(start_name, sha1))
-		die("Not a valid object name: '%s'.", start_name);
+	if (get_sha1(start_name, sha1)) {
+		if (explicit_tracking) {
+			if (advice_set_upstream_failure) {
+				error(_(upstream_missing), start_name);
+				advise(_(upstream_advice));
+				exit(1);
+			}
+			die(_(upstream_missing), start_name);
+		}
+		die(_("Not a valid object name: '%s'."), start_name);
+	}
 
 	switch (dwim_ref(start_name, strlen(start_name), sha1, &real_ref)) {
 	case 0:
 		/* Not branching from any existing branch */
 		if (explicit_tracking)
-			die("Cannot setup tracking information; starting point is not a branch.");
+			die(_(upstream_not_branch), start_name);
 		break;
 	case 1:
 		/* Unique completion -- good, only if it is a real branch */
 		if (prefixcmp(real_ref, "refs/heads/") &&
 		    prefixcmp(real_ref, "refs/remotes/")) {
 			if (explicit_tracking)
-				die("Cannot setup tracking information; starting point is not a branch.");
+				die(_(upstream_not_branch), start_name);
 			else
 				real_ref = NULL;
 		}
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("Ambiguous object name: '%s'.", start_name);
+		die(_("Ambiguous object name: '%s'."), start_name);
 		break;
 	}
 
 	if ((commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1)) == NULL)
-		die("Not a valid branch point: '%s'.", start_name);
+		die(_("Not a valid branch point: '%s'."), start_name);
 	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
 
 	if (!dont_change_ref) {
 		lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref.buf, NULL, 0);
 		if (!lock)
-			die_errno("Failed to lock ref for update");
+			die_errno(_("Failed to lock ref for update"));
 	}
 
 	if (reflog)
@@ -273,7 +296,7 @@ void create_branch(const char *head,
 
 	if (!dont_change_ref)
 		if (write_ref_sha1(lock, sha1, msg) < 0)
-			die_errno("Failed to write ref");
+			die_errno(_("Failed to write ref"));
 
 	strbuf_release(&ref);
 	free(real_ref);
diff --git a/builtin.h b/builtin.h
index 7e7bbd6..faef559 100644
--- a/builtin.h
+++ b/builtin.h
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ extern int cmd_cat_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_check_attr(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_check_ignore(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_check_ref_format(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
diff --git a/builtin/add.c b/builtin/add.c
index 6325947..f45d9d4 100644
--- a/builtin/add.c
+++ b/builtin/add.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "pathspec.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
@@ -25,8 +26,55 @@ static int take_worktree_changes;
 struct update_callback_data {
 	int flags;
 	int add_errors;
+	const char *implicit_dot;
+	size_t implicit_dot_len;
+
+	/* only needed for 2.0 transition preparation */
+	int warn_add_would_remove;
 };
 
+static const char *option_with_implicit_dot;
+static const char *short_option_with_implicit_dot;
+
+static void warn_pathless_add(void)
+{
+	static int shown;
+	assert(option_with_implicit_dot && short_option_with_implicit_dot);
+
+	if (shown)
+		return;
+	shown = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * To be consistent with "git add -p" and most Git
+	 * commands, we should default to being tree-wide, but
+	 * this is not the original behavior and can't be
+	 * changed until users trained themselves not to type
+	 * "git add -u" or "git add -A". For now, we warn and
+	 * keep the old behavior. Later, the behavior can be changed
+	 * to tree-wide, keeping the warning for a while, and
+	 * eventually we can drop the warning.
+	 */
+	warning(_("The behavior of 'git add %s (or %s)' with no path argument from a\n"
+		  "subdirectory of the tree will change in Git 2.0 and should not be used anymore.\n"
+		  "To add content for the whole tree, run:\n"
+		  "\n"
+		  "  git add %s :/\n"
+		  "  (or git add %s :/)\n"
+		  "\n"
+		  "To restrict the command to the current directory, run:\n"
+		  "\n"
+		  "  git add %s .\n"
+		  "  (or git add %s .)\n"
+		  "\n"
+		  "With the current Git version, the command is restricted to "
+		  "the current directory.\n"
+		  ""),
+		option_with_implicit_dot, short_option_with_implicit_dot,
+		option_with_implicit_dot, short_option_with_implicit_dot,
+		option_with_implicit_dot, short_option_with_implicit_dot);
+}
+
 static int fix_unmerged_status(struct diff_filepair *p,
 			       struct update_callback_data *data)
 {
@@ -48,15 +96,49 @@ static int fix_unmerged_status(struct diff_filepair *p,
 		return DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED;
 }
 
+static const char *add_would_remove_warning = N_(
+	"You ran 'git add' with neither '-A (--all)' or '--ignore-removal',\n"
+"whose behaviour will change in Git 2.0 with respect to paths you removed.\n"
+"Paths like '%s' that are\n"
+"removed from your working tree are ignored with this version of Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>', which is the current default,\n"
+"  ignores paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --all <pathspec>' will let you also record the removals.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run 'git status' to check the paths you removed from your working tree.\n");
+
+static void warn_add_would_remove(const char *path)
+{
+	warning(_(add_would_remove_warning), path);
+}
+
 static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 			    struct diff_options *opt, void *cbdata)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct update_callback_data *data = cbdata;
+	const char *implicit_dot = data->implicit_dot;
+	size_t implicit_dot_len = data->implicit_dot_len;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
 		const char *path = p->one->path;
+		/*
+		 * Check if "git add -A" or "git add -u" was run from a
+		 * subdirectory with a modified file outside that directory,
+		 * and warn if so.
+		 *
+		 * "git add -u" will behave like "git add -u :/" instead of
+		 * "git add -u ." in the future.  This warning prepares for
+		 * that change.
+		 */
+		if (implicit_dot &&
+		    strncmp_icase(path, implicit_dot, implicit_dot_len)) {
+			warn_pathless_add();
+			continue;
+		}
 		switch (fix_unmerged_status(p, data)) {
 		default:
 			die(_("unexpected diff status %c"), p->status);
@@ -69,6 +151,10 @@ static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 			}
 			break;
 		case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
+			if (data->warn_add_would_remove) {
+				warn_add_would_remove(path);
+				data->warn_add_would_remove = 0;
+			}
 			if (data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL)
 				break;
 			if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_PRETEND))
@@ -80,57 +166,34 @@ static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 	}
 }
 
-int add_files_to_cache(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec, int flags)
+static void update_files_in_cache(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec,
+				  struct update_callback_data *data)
 {
-	struct update_callback_data data;
 	struct rev_info rev;
+
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
 	init_pathspec(&rev.prune_data, pathspec);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback = update_callback;
-	data.flags = flags;
-	data.add_errors = 0;
-	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = &data;
+	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = data;
 	rev.max_count = 0; /* do not compare unmerged paths with stage #2 */
 	run_diff_files(&rev, DIFF_RACY_IS_MODIFIED);
-	return !!data.add_errors;
-}
-
-static void fill_pathspec_matches(const char **pathspec, char *seen, int specs)
-{
-	int num_unmatched = 0, i;
-
-	/*
-	 * Since we are walking the index as if we were walking the directory,
-	 * we have to mark the matched pathspec as seen; otherwise we will
-	 * mistakenly think that the user gave a pathspec that did not match
-	 * anything.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++)
-		if (!seen[i])
-			num_unmatched++;
-	if (!num_unmatched)
-		return;
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, seen);
-	}
 }
 
-static char *find_used_pathspec(const char **pathspec)
+int add_files_to_cache(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec, int flags)
 {
-	char *seen;
-	int i;
+	struct update_callback_data data;
 
-	for (i = 0; pathspec[i];  i++)
-		; /* just counting */
-	seen = xcalloc(i, 1);
-	fill_pathspec_matches(pathspec, seen, i);
-	return seen;
+	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
+	data.flags = flags;
+	update_files_in_cache(prefix, pathspec, &data);
+	return !!data.add_errors;
 }
 
-static char *prune_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec, int prefix)
+#define WARN_IMPLICIT_DOT (1u << 0)
+static char *prune_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec,
+			     int prefix, unsigned flag)
 {
 	char *seen;
 	int i, specs;
@@ -147,12 +210,26 @@ static char *prune_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec, int
 		if (match_pathspec(pathspec, entry->name, entry->len,
 				   prefix, seen))
 			*dst++ = entry;
+		else if (flag & WARN_IMPLICIT_DOT)
+			/*
+			 * "git add -A" was run from a subdirectory with a
+			 * new file outside that directory.
+			 *
+			 * "git add -A" will behave like "git add -A :/"
+			 * instead of "git add -A ." in the future.
+			 * Warn about the coming behavior change.
+			 */
+			warn_pathless_add();
 	}
 	dir->nr = dst - dir->entries;
-	fill_pathspec_matches(pathspec, seen, specs);
+	add_pathspec_matches_against_index(pathspec, seen, specs);
 	return seen;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Checks the index to see whether any path in pathspec refers to
+ * something inside a submodule.  If so, dies with an error message.
+ */
 static void treat_gitlinks(const char **pathspec)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -160,24 +237,8 @@ static void treat_gitlinks(const char **pathspec)
 	if (!pathspec || !*pathspec)
 		return;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
-			int len = ce_namelen(ce), j;
-			for (j = 0; pathspec[j]; j++) {
-				int len2 = strlen(pathspec[j]);
-				if (len2 <= len || pathspec[j][len] != '/' ||
-				    memcmp(ce->name, pathspec[j], len))
-					continue;
-				if (len2 == len + 1)
-					/* strip trailing slash */
-					pathspec[j] = xstrndup(ce->name, len);
-				else
-					die (_("Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"),
-						pathspec[j], len, ce->name);
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	for (i = 0; pathspec[i]; i++)
+		pathspec[i] = check_path_for_gitlink(pathspec[i]);
 }
 
 static void refresh(int verbose, const char **pathspec)
@@ -197,17 +258,19 @@ static void refresh(int verbose, const char **pathspec)
         free(seen);
 }
 
-static const char **validate_pathspec(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+/*
+ * Normalizes argv relative to prefix, via get_pathspec(), and then
+ * runs die_if_path_beyond_symlink() on each path in the normalized
+ * list.
+ */
+static const char **validate_pathspec(const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char **pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
 	if (pathspec) {
 		const char **p;
 		for (p = pathspec; *p; p++) {
-			if (has_symlink_leading_path(*p, strlen(*p))) {
-				int len = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
-				die(_("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"), *p + len);
-			}
+			die_if_path_beyond_symlink(*p, prefix);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -248,7 +311,7 @@ int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int patch)
 	const char **pathspec = NULL;
 
 	if (argc) {
-		pathspec = validate_pathspec(argc, argv, prefix);
+		pathspec = validate_pathspec(argv, prefix);
 		if (!pathspec)
 			return -1;
 	}
@@ -312,23 +375,38 @@ static struct lock_file lock_file;
 static const char ignore_error[] =
 N_("The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n");
 
-static int verbose = 0, show_only = 0, ignored_too = 0, refresh_only = 0;
-static int ignore_add_errors, addremove, intent_to_add, ignore_missing = 0;
+static int verbose, show_only, ignored_too, refresh_only;
+static int ignore_add_errors, intent_to_add, ignore_missing;
+
+#define ADDREMOVE_DEFAULT 0 /* Change to 1 in Git 2.0 */
+static int addremove = ADDREMOVE_DEFAULT;
+static int addremove_explicit = -1; /* unspecified */
+
+static int ignore_removal_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	/* if we are told to ignore, we are not adding removals */
+	*(int *)opt->value = !unset ? 0 : 1;
+	return 0;
+}
 
 static struct option builtin_add_options[] = {
 	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, N_("dry run")),
 	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
 	OPT_GROUP(""),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "interactive", &add_interactive, N_("interactive picking")),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, N_("select hunks interactively")),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit_interactive, N_("edit current diff and apply")),
+	OPT_BOOL('i', "interactive", &add_interactive, N_("interactive picking")),
+	OPT_BOOL('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, N_("select hunks interactively")),
+	OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &edit_interactive, N_("edit current diff and apply")),
 	OPT__FORCE(&ignored_too, N_("allow adding otherwise ignored files")),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "update", &take_worktree_changes, N_("update tracked files")),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('N', "intent-to-add", &intent_to_add, N_("record only the fact that the path will be added later")),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('A', "all", &addremove, N_("add changes from all tracked and untracked files")),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "refresh", &refresh_only, N_("don't add, only refresh the index")),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-errors", &ignore_add_errors, N_("just skip files which cannot be added because of errors")),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-missing", &ignore_missing, N_("check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run")),
+	OPT_BOOL('u', "update", &take_worktree_changes, N_("update tracked files")),
+	OPT_BOOL('N', "intent-to-add", &intent_to_add, N_("record only the fact that the path will be added later")),
+	OPT_BOOL('A', "all", &addremove_explicit, N_("add changes from all tracked and untracked files")),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "ignore-removal", &addremove_explicit,
+	  NULL /* takes no arguments */,
+	  N_("ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"),
+	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG, ignore_removal_cb },
+	OPT_BOOL( 0 , "refresh", &refresh_only, N_("don't add, only refresh the index")),
+	OPT_BOOL( 0 , "ignore-errors", &ignore_add_errors, N_("just skip files which cannot be added because of errors")),
+	OPT_BOOL( 0 , "ignore-missing", &ignore_missing, N_("check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run")),
 	OPT_END(),
 };
 
@@ -373,6 +451,8 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int add_new_files;
 	int require_pathspec;
 	char *seen = NULL;
+	int implicit_dot = 0;
+	struct update_callback_data update_data;
 
 	git_config(add_config, NULL);
 
@@ -388,14 +468,44 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argc--;
 	argv++;
 
+	if (0 <= addremove_explicit)
+		addremove = addremove_explicit;
+	else if (take_worktree_changes && ADDREMOVE_DEFAULT)
+		addremove = 0; /* "-u" was given but not "-A" */
+
 	if (addremove && take_worktree_changes)
 		die(_("-A and -u are mutually incompatible"));
+
+	/*
+	 * Warn when "git add pathspec..." was given without "-u" or "-A"
+	 * and pathspec... covers a removed path.
+	 */
+	memset(&update_data, 0, sizeof(update_data));
+	if (!take_worktree_changes && addremove_explicit < 0)
+		update_data.warn_add_would_remove = 1;
+
+	if (!take_worktree_changes && addremove_explicit < 0 && argc)
+		/*
+		 * Turn "git add pathspec..." to "git add -A pathspec..."
+		 * in Git 2.0 but not yet
+		 */
+		; /* addremove = 1; */
+
 	if (!show_only && ignore_missing)
 		die(_("Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"));
-	if ((addremove || take_worktree_changes) && !argc) {
+	if (addremove) {
+		option_with_implicit_dot = "--all";
+		short_option_with_implicit_dot = "-A";
+	}
+	if (take_worktree_changes) {
+		option_with_implicit_dot = "--update";
+		short_option_with_implicit_dot = "-u";
+	}
+	if (option_with_implicit_dot && !argc) {
 		static const char *here[2] = { ".", NULL };
 		argc = 1;
 		argv = here;
+		implicit_dot = 1;
 	}
 
 	add_new_files = !take_worktree_changes && !refresh_only;
@@ -408,14 +518,15 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 (intent_to_add ? ADD_CACHE_INTENT : 0) |
 		 (ignore_add_errors ? ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_ERRORS : 0) |
 		 (!(addremove || take_worktree_changes)
-		  ? ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL : 0));
+		  ? ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL : 0)) |
+		 (implicit_dot ? ADD_CACHE_IMPLICIT_DOT : 0);
 
 	if (require_pathspec && argc == 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"));
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"));
 		return 0;
 	}
-	pathspec = validate_pathspec(argc, argv, prefix);
+	pathspec = validate_pathspec(argv, prefix);
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
@@ -432,29 +543,30 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 
 		/* This picks up the paths that are not tracked */
-		baselen = fill_directory(&dir, pathspec);
+		baselen = fill_directory(&dir, implicit_dot ? NULL : pathspec);
 		if (pathspec)
-			seen = prune_directory(&dir, pathspec, baselen);
+			seen = prune_directory(&dir, pathspec, baselen,
+					implicit_dot ? WARN_IMPLICIT_DOT : 0);
 	}
 
 	if (refresh_only) {
 		refresh(verbose, pathspec);
 		goto finish;
 	}
+	if (implicit_dot && prefix)
+		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 
 	if (pathspec) {
 		int i;
-		struct path_exclude_check check;
 
-		path_exclude_check_init(&check, &dir);
 		if (!seen)
-			seen = find_used_pathspec(pathspec);
+			seen = find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(pathspec);
 		for (i = 0; pathspec[i]; i++) {
 			if (!seen[i] && pathspec[i][0]
 			    && !file_exists(pathspec[i])) {
 				if (ignore_missing) {
 					int dtype = DT_UNKNOWN;
-					if (path_excluded(&check, pathspec[i], -1, &dtype))
+					if (is_excluded(&dir, pathspec[i], &dtype))
 						dir_add_ignored(&dir, pathspec[i], strlen(pathspec[i]));
 				} else
 					die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"),
@@ -462,13 +574,24 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			}
 		}
 		free(seen);
-		path_exclude_check_clear(&check);
 	}
 
 	plug_bulk_checkin();
 
-	exit_status |= add_files_to_cache(prefix, pathspec, flags);
+	if ((flags & ADD_CACHE_IMPLICIT_DOT) && prefix) {
+		/*
+		 * Check for modified files throughout the worktree so
+		 * update_callback has a chance to warn about changes
+		 * outside the cwd.
+		 */
+		update_data.implicit_dot = prefix;
+		update_data.implicit_dot_len = strlen(prefix);
+		pathspec = NULL;
+	}
+	update_data.flags = flags & ~ADD_CACHE_IMPLICIT_DOT;
+	update_files_in_cache(prefix, pathspec, &update_data);
 
+	exit_status |= !!update_data.add_errors;
 	if (add_new_files)
 		exit_status |= add_files(&dir, flags);
 
diff --git a/builtin/apply.c b/builtin/apply.c
index 080ce2e..30eefc3 100644
--- a/builtin/apply.c
+++ b/builtin/apply.c
@@ -1921,7 +1921,7 @@ static int parse_binary(char *buffer, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
 }
 
 /*
- * Read the patch text in "buffer" taht extends for "size" bytes; stop
+ * Read the patch text in "buffer" that extends for "size" bytes; stop
  * reading after seeing a single patch (i.e. changes to a single file).
  * Create fragments (i.e. patch hunks) and hang them to the given patch.
  * Return the number of bytes consumed, so that the caller can call us
@@ -2117,10 +2117,10 @@ static void update_pre_post_images(struct image *preimage,
 
 	/*
 	 * Adjust the common context lines in postimage. This can be
-	 * done in-place when we are just doing whitespace fixing,
-	 * which does not make the string grow, but needs a new buffer
-	 * when ignoring whitespace causes the update, since in this case
-	 * we could have e.g. tabs converted to multiple spaces.
+	 * done in-place when we are shrinking it with whitespace
+	 * fixing, but needs a new buffer when ignoring whitespace or
+	 * expanding leading tabs to spaces.
+	 *
 	 * We trust the caller to tell us if the update can be done
 	 * in place (postlen==0) or not.
 	 */
@@ -2185,7 +2185,7 @@ static int match_fragment(struct image *img,
 	int i;
 	char *fixed_buf, *buf, *orig, *target;
 	struct strbuf fixed;
-	size_t fixed_len;
+	size_t fixed_len, postlen;
 	int preimage_limit;
 
 	if (preimage->nr + try_lno <= img->nr) {
@@ -2335,6 +2335,7 @@ static int match_fragment(struct image *img,
 	strbuf_init(&fixed, preimage->len + 1);
 	orig = preimage->buf;
 	target = img->buf + try;
+	postlen = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < preimage_limit; i++) {
 		size_t oldlen = preimage->line[i].len;
 		size_t tgtlen = img->line[try_lno + i].len;
@@ -2362,6 +2363,7 @@ static int match_fragment(struct image *img,
 		match = (tgtfix.len == fixed.len - fixstart &&
 			 !memcmp(tgtfix.buf, fixed.buf + fixstart,
 					     fixed.len - fixstart));
+		postlen += tgtfix.len;
 
 		strbuf_release(&tgtfix);
 		if (!match)
@@ -2399,8 +2401,10 @@ static int match_fragment(struct image *img,
 	 * hunk match.  Update the context lines in the postimage.
 	 */
 	fixed_buf = strbuf_detach(&fixed, &fixed_len);
+	if (postlen < postimage->len)
+		postlen = 0;
 	update_pre_post_images(preimage, postimage,
-			       fixed_buf, fixed_len, 0);
+			       fixed_buf, fixed_len, postlen);
 	return 1;
 
  unmatch_exit:
@@ -3025,7 +3029,7 @@ static struct patch *in_fn_table(const char *name)
  *
  * The latter is needed to deal with a case where two paths A and B
  * are swapped by first renaming A to B and then renaming B to A;
- * moving A to B should not be prevented due to presense of B as we
+ * moving A to B should not be prevented due to presence of B as we
  * will remove it in a later patch.
  */
 #define PATH_TO_BE_DELETED ((struct patch *) -2)
@@ -3509,7 +3513,7 @@ static int check_patch(struct patch *patch)
 	 *
 	 * A patch to swap-rename between A and B would first rename A
 	 * to B and then rename B to A.  While applying the first one,
-	 * the presense of B should not stop A from getting renamed to
+	 * the presence of B should not stop A from getting renamed to
 	 * B; ask to_be_deleted() about the later rename.  Removal of
 	 * B and rename from A to B is handled the same way by asking
 	 * was_deleted().
@@ -3600,6 +3604,40 @@ static int get_current_sha1(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int preimage_sha1_in_gitlink_patch(struct patch *p, unsigned char sha1[20])
+{
+	/*
+	 * A usable gitlink patch has only one fragment (hunk) that looks like:
+	 * @@ -1 +1 @@
+	 * -Subproject commit <old sha1>
+	 * +Subproject commit <new sha1>
+	 * or
+	 * @@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	 * -Subproject commit <old sha1>
+	 * for a removal patch.
+	 */
+	struct fragment *hunk = p->fragments;
+	static const char heading[] = "-Subproject commit ";
+	char *preimage;
+
+	if (/* does the patch have only one hunk? */
+	    hunk && !hunk->next &&
+	    /* is its preimage one line? */
+	    hunk->oldpos == 1 && hunk->oldlines == 1 &&
+	    /* does preimage begin with the heading? */
+	    (preimage = memchr(hunk->patch, '\n', hunk->size)) != NULL &&
+	    !prefixcmp(++preimage, heading) &&
+	    /* does it record full SHA-1? */
+	    !get_sha1_hex(preimage + sizeof(heading) - 1, sha1) &&
+	    preimage[sizeof(heading) + 40 - 1] == '\n' &&
+	    /* does the abbreviated name on the index line agree with it? */
+	    !prefixcmp(preimage + sizeof(heading) - 1, p->old_sha1_prefix))
+		return 0; /* it all looks fine */
+
+	/* we may have full object name on the index line */
+	return get_sha1_hex(p->old_sha1_prefix, sha1);
+}
+
 /* Build an index that contains the just the files needed for a 3way merge */
 static void build_fake_ancestor(struct patch *list, const char *filename)
 {
@@ -3620,8 +3658,10 @@ static void build_fake_ancestor(struct patch *list, const char *filename)
 			continue;
 
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(patch->old_mode)) {
-			if (get_sha1_hex(patch->old_sha1_prefix, sha1))
-				die("submoule change for %s without full index name",
+			if (!preimage_sha1_in_gitlink_patch(patch, sha1))
+				; /* ok, the textual part looks sane */
+			else
+				die("sha1 information is lacking or useless for submoule %s",
 				    name);
 		} else if (!get_sha1_blob(patch->old_sha1_prefix, sha1)) {
 			; /* ok */
diff --git a/builtin/archive.c b/builtin/archive.c
index 9a1cfd3..49178f1 100644
--- a/builtin/archive.c
+++ b/builtin/archive.c
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ static int run_remote_archiver(int argc, const char **argv,
 			       const char *remote, const char *exec,
 			       const char *name_hint)
 {
-	char buf[LARGE_PACKET_MAX];
-	int fd[2], i, len, rv;
+	char *buf;
+	int fd[2], i, rv;
 	struct transport *transport;
 	struct remote *_remote;
 
@@ -53,21 +53,18 @@ static int run_remote_archiver(int argc, const char **argv,
 		packet_write(fd[1], "argument %s\n", argv[i]);
 	packet_flush(fd[1]);
 
-	len = packet_read_line(fd[0], buf, sizeof(buf));
-	if (!len)
+	buf = packet_read_line(fd[0], NULL);
+	if (!buf)
 		die(_("git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"));
-	if (buf[len-1] == '\n')
-		buf[--len] = 0;
 	if (strcmp(buf, "ACK")) {
-		if (len > 5 && !prefixcmp(buf, "NACK "))
+		if (!prefixcmp(buf, "NACK "))
 			die(_("git archive: NACK %s"), buf + 5);
-		if (len > 4 && !prefixcmp(buf, "ERR "))
+		if (!prefixcmp(buf, "ERR "))
 			die(_("remote error: %s"), buf + 4);
 		die(_("git archive: protocol error"));
 	}
 
-	len = packet_read_line(fd[0], buf, sizeof(buf));
-	if (len)
+	if (packet_read_line(fd[0], NULL))
 		die(_("git archive: expected a flush"));
 
 	/* Now, start reading from fd[0] and spit it out to stdout */
diff --git a/builtin/blame.c b/builtin/blame.c
index cfae569..57a487e 100644
--- a/builtin/blame.c
+++ b/builtin/blame.c
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ static int blank_boundary;
 static int incremental;
 static int xdl_opts;
 static int abbrev = -1;
+static int no_whole_file_rename;
 
 static enum date_mode blame_date_mode = DATE_ISO8601;
 static size_t blame_date_width;
@@ -1226,7 +1227,7 @@ static void pass_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct origin *origin, int opt)
 	 * The first pass looks for unrenamed path to optimize for
 	 * common cases, then we look for renames in the second pass.
 	 */
-	for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
+	for (pass = 0; pass < 2 - no_whole_file_rename; pass++) {
 		struct origin *(*find)(struct scoreboard *,
 				       struct commit *, struct origin *);
 		find = pass ? find_rename : find_origin;
@@ -1321,30 +1322,31 @@ static void pass_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct origin *origin, int opt)
  * Information on commits, used for output.
  */
 struct commit_info {
-	const char *author;
-	const char *author_mail;
+	struct strbuf author;
+	struct strbuf author_mail;
 	unsigned long author_time;
-	const char *author_tz;
+	struct strbuf author_tz;
 
 	/* filled only when asked for details */
-	const char *committer;
-	const char *committer_mail;
+	struct strbuf committer;
+	struct strbuf committer_mail;
 	unsigned long committer_time;
-	const char *committer_tz;
+	struct strbuf committer_tz;
 
-	const char *summary;
+	struct strbuf summary;
 };
 
 /*
  * Parse author/committer line in the commit object buffer
  */
 static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
-			int person_len, char *person,
-			int mail_len, char *mail,
-			unsigned long *time, const char **tz)
+	struct strbuf *name, struct strbuf *mail,
+	unsigned long *time, struct strbuf *tz)
 {
-	int len, tzlen, maillen;
-	char *tmp, *endp, *timepos, *mailpos;
+	struct ident_split ident;
+	size_t len, maillen, namelen;
+	char *tmp, *endp;
+	const char *namebuf, *mailbuf;
 
 	tmp = strstr(inbuf, what);
 	if (!tmp)
@@ -1355,69 +1357,66 @@ static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
 		len = strlen(tmp);
 	else
 		len = endp - tmp;
-	if (person_len <= len) {
+
+	if (split_ident_line(&ident, tmp, len)) {
 	error_out:
 		/* Ugh */
-		*tz = "(unknown)";
-		strcpy(person, *tz);
-		strcpy(mail, *tz);
+		tmp = "(unknown)";
+		strbuf_addstr(name, tmp);
+		strbuf_addstr(mail, tmp);
+		strbuf_addstr(tz, tmp);
 		*time = 0;
 		return;
 	}
-	memcpy(person, tmp, len);
 
-	tmp = person;
-	tmp += len;
-	*tmp = 0;
-	while (person < tmp && *tmp != ' ')
-		tmp--;
-	if (tmp <= person)
-		goto error_out;
-	*tz = tmp+1;
-	tzlen = (person+len)-(tmp+1);
+	namelen = ident.name_end - ident.name_begin;
+	namebuf = ident.name_begin;
 
-	*tmp = 0;
-	while (person < tmp && *tmp != ' ')
-		tmp--;
-	if (tmp <= person)
-		goto error_out;
-	*time = strtoul(tmp, NULL, 10);
-	timepos = tmp;
-
-	*tmp = 0;
-	while (person < tmp && !(*tmp == ' ' && tmp[1] == '<'))
-		tmp--;
-	if (tmp <= person)
-		return;
-	mailpos = tmp + 1;
-	*tmp = 0;
-	maillen = timepos - tmp;
-	memcpy(mail, mailpos, maillen);
+	maillen = ident.mail_end - ident.mail_begin;
+	mailbuf = ident.mail_begin;
 
-	if (!mailmap.nr)
-		return;
+	if (ident.date_begin && ident.date_end)
+		*time = strtoul(ident.date_begin, NULL, 10);
+	else
+		*time = 0;
 
-	/*
-	 * mailmap expansion may make the name longer.
-	 * make room by pushing stuff down.
-	 */
-	tmp = person + person_len - (tzlen + 1);
-	memmove(tmp, *tz, tzlen);
-	tmp[tzlen] = 0;
-	*tz = tmp;
+	if (ident.tz_begin && ident.tz_end)
+		strbuf_add(tz, ident.tz_begin, ident.tz_end - ident.tz_begin);
+	else
+		strbuf_addstr(tz, "(unknown)");
 
 	/*
 	 * Now, convert both name and e-mail using mailmap
 	 */
-	if (map_user(&mailmap, mail+1, mail_len-1, person, tmp-person-1)) {
-		/* Add a trailing '>' to email, since map_user returns plain emails
-		   Note: It already has '<', since we replace from mail+1 */
-		mailpos = memchr(mail, '\0', mail_len);
-		if (mailpos && mailpos-mail < mail_len - 1) {
-			*mailpos = '>';
-			*(mailpos+1) = '\0';
-		}
-	}
+	map_user(&mailmap, &mailbuf, &maillen,
+		 &namebuf, &namelen);
+
+	strbuf_addf(mail, "<%.*s>", (int)maillen, mailbuf);
+	strbuf_add(name, namebuf, namelen);
+}
+
+static void commit_info_init(struct commit_info *ci)
+{
+
+	strbuf_init(&ci->author, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->author_mail, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->author_tz, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->committer, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->committer_mail, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->committer_tz, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->summary, 0);
+}
+
+static void commit_info_destroy(struct commit_info *ci)
+{
+
+	strbuf_release(&ci->author);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->author_mail);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->author_tz);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->committer);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->committer_mail);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->committer_tz);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->summary);
 }
 
 static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
@@ -1426,57 +1425,32 @@ static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
 {
 	int len;
 	const char *subject, *encoding;
-	char *reencoded, *message;
-	static char author_name[1024];
-	static char author_mail[1024];
-	static char committer_name[1024];
-	static char committer_mail[1024];
-	static char summary_buf[1024];
+	char *message;
+
+	commit_info_init(ret);
 
-	/*
-	 * We've operated without save_commit_buffer, so
-	 * we now need to populate them for output.
-	 */
-	if (!commit->buffer) {
-		enum object_type type;
-		unsigned long size;
-		commit->buffer =
-			read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
-		if (!commit->buffer)
-			die("Cannot read commit %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-	}
 	encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
-	reencoded = logmsg_reencode(commit, encoding);
-	message   = reencoded ? reencoded : commit->buffer;
-	ret->author = author_name;
-	ret->author_mail = author_mail;
+	message = logmsg_reencode(commit, NULL, encoding);
 	get_ac_line(message, "\nauthor ",
-		    sizeof(author_name), author_name,
-		    sizeof(author_mail), author_mail,
+		    &ret->author, &ret->author_mail,
 		    &ret->author_time, &ret->author_tz);
 
 	if (!detailed) {
-		free(reencoded);
+		logmsg_free(message, commit);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	ret->committer = committer_name;
-	ret->committer_mail = committer_mail;
 	get_ac_line(message, "\ncommitter ",
-		    sizeof(committer_name), committer_name,
-		    sizeof(committer_mail), committer_mail,
+		    &ret->committer, &ret->committer_mail,
 		    &ret->committer_time, &ret->committer_tz);
 
-	ret->summary = summary_buf;
 	len = find_commit_subject(message, &subject);
-	if (len && len < sizeof(summary_buf)) {
-		memcpy(summary_buf, subject, len);
-		summary_buf[len] = 0;
-	} else {
-		sprintf(summary_buf, "(%s)", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-	}
-	free(reencoded);
+	if (len)
+		strbuf_add(&ret->summary, subject, len);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(&ret->summary, "(%s)", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+
+	logmsg_free(message, commit);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1504,15 +1478,15 @@ static int emit_one_suspect_detail(struct origin *suspect, int repeat)
 
 	suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
 	get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-	printf("author %s\n", ci.author);
-	printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail);
+	printf("author %s\n", ci.author.buf);
+	printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail.buf);
 	printf("author-time %lu\n", ci.author_time);
-	printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz);
-	printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer);
-	printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail);
+	printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz.buf);
+	printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer.buf);
+	printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail.buf);
 	printf("committer-time %lu\n", ci.committer_time);
-	printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz);
-	printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary);
+	printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz.buf);
+	printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary.buf);
 	if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
 		printf("boundary\n");
 	if (suspect->previous) {
@@ -1520,6 +1494,9 @@ static int emit_one_suspect_detail(struct origin *suspect, int repeat)
 		printf("previous %s ", sha1_to_hex(prev->commit->object.sha1));
 		write_name_quoted(prev->path, stdout, '\n');
 	}
+
+	commit_info_destroy(&ci);
+
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1706,11 +1683,11 @@ static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 		if (opt & OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT) {
 			const char *name;
 			if (opt & OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL)
-				name = ci.author_mail;
+				name = ci.author_mail.buf;
 			else
-				name = ci.author;
+				name = ci.author.buf;
 			printf("\t(%10s\t%10s\t%d)", name,
-			       format_time(ci.author_time, ci.author_tz,
+			       format_time(ci.author_time, ci.author_tz.buf,
 					   show_raw_time),
 			       ent->lno + 1 + cnt);
 		} else {
@@ -1729,14 +1706,14 @@ static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 				const char *name;
 				int pad;
 				if (opt & OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL)
-					name = ci.author_mail;
+					name = ci.author_mail.buf;
 				else
-					name = ci.author;
+					name = ci.author.buf;
 				pad = longest_author - utf8_strwidth(name);
 				printf(" (%s%*s %10s",
 				       name, pad, "",
 				       format_time(ci.author_time,
-						   ci.author_tz,
+						   ci.author_tz.buf,
 						   show_raw_time));
 			}
 			printf(" %*d) ",
@@ -1751,6 +1728,8 @@ static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 
 	if (sb->final_buf_size && cp[-1] != '\n')
 		putchar('\n');
+
+	commit_info_destroy(&ci);
 }
 
 static void output(struct scoreboard *sb, int option)
@@ -1875,9 +1854,9 @@ static void find_alignment(struct scoreboard *sb, int *option)
 			suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
 			get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
 			if (*option & OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL)
-				num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author_mail);
+				num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author_mail.buf);
 			else
-				num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
+				num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author.buf);
 			if (longest_author < num)
 				longest_author = num;
 		}
@@ -1889,6 +1868,8 @@ static void find_alignment(struct scoreboard *sb, int *option)
 			longest_dst_lines = num;
 		if (largest_score < ent_score(sb, e))
 			largest_score = ent_score(sb, e);
+
+		commit_info_destroy(&ci);
 	}
 	max_orig_digits = decimal_width(longest_src_lines);
 	max_digits = decimal_width(longest_dst_lines);
@@ -2403,6 +2384,7 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
 	revs.date_mode = blame_date_mode;
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
 
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 	dashdash_pos = 0;
@@ -2426,6 +2408,8 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		parse_revision_opt(&revs, &ctx, options, blame_opt_usage);
 	}
 parse_done:
+	no_whole_file_rename = !DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
+	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&revs.diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
 	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
 
 	if (0 < abbrev)
diff --git a/builtin/branch.c b/builtin/branch.c
index 947c84b..0836890 100644
--- a/builtin/branch.c
+++ b/builtin/branch.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "column.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
+#include "wt-status.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_branch_usage[] = {
 	N_("git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"),
@@ -40,13 +41,15 @@ static char branch_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_RED,		/* REMOTE */
 	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* LOCAL */
 	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,	/* CURRENT */
+	GIT_COLOR_BLUE,		/* UPSTREAM */
 };
 enum color_branch {
 	BRANCH_COLOR_RESET = 0,
 	BRANCH_COLOR_PLAIN = 1,
 	BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE = 2,
 	BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL = 3,
-	BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT = 4
+	BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT = 4,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_UPSTREAM = 5
 };
 
 static enum merge_filter {
@@ -71,6 +74,8 @@ static int parse_branch_color_slot(const char *var, int ofs)
 		return BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "current"))
 		return BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT;
+	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "upstream"))
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_UPSTREAM;
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -417,36 +422,52 @@ static void fill_tracking_info(struct strbuf *stat, const char *branch_name,
 	int ours, theirs;
 	char *ref = NULL;
 	struct branch *branch = branch_get(branch_name);
+	struct strbuf fancy = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (!stat_tracking_info(branch, &ours, &theirs)) {
 		if (branch && branch->merge && branch->merge[0]->dst &&
-		    show_upstream_ref)
-			strbuf_addf(stat, "[%s] ",
-			    shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0));
+		    show_upstream_ref) {
+			ref = shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0);
+			if (want_color(branch_use_color))
+				strbuf_addf(stat, "[%s%s%s] ",
+						branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_UPSTREAM),
+						ref, branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
+			else
+				strbuf_addf(stat, "[%s] ", ref);
+		}
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (show_upstream_ref)
+	if (show_upstream_ref) {
 		ref = shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0);
+		if (want_color(branch_use_color))
+			strbuf_addf(&fancy, "%s%s%s",
+					branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_UPSTREAM),
+					ref, branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
+		else
+			strbuf_addstr(&fancy, ref);
+	}
+
 	if (!ours) {
 		if (ref)
-			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: behind %d]"), ref, theirs);
+			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: behind %d]"), fancy.buf, theirs);
 		else
 			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[behind %d]"), theirs);
 
 	} else if (!theirs) {
 		if (ref)
-			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: ahead %d]"), ref, ours);
+			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: ahead %d]"), fancy.buf, ours);
 		else
 			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[ahead %d]"), ours);
 	} else {
 		if (ref)
 			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"),
-				    ref, ours, theirs);
+				    fancy.buf, ours, theirs);
 		else
 			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[ahead %d, behind %d]"),
 				    ours, theirs);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&fancy);
 	strbuf_addch(stat, ' ');
 	free(ref);
 }
@@ -466,7 +487,7 @@ static void add_verbose_info(struct strbuf *out, struct ref_item *item,
 			     int verbose, int abbrev)
 {
 	struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT, stat = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *sub = " **** invalid ref ****";
+	const char *sub = _(" **** invalid ref ****");
 	struct commit *commit = item->commit;
 
 	if (commit && !parse_commit(commit)) {
@@ -550,6 +571,29 @@ static int calc_maxwidth(struct ref_list *refs)
 	return w;
 }
 
+static char *get_head_description(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf desc = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct wt_status_state state;
+	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+	wt_status_get_state(&state, 1);
+	if (state.rebase_in_progress ||
+	    state.rebase_interactive_in_progress)
+		strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(no branch, rebasing %s)"),
+			    state.branch);
+	else if (state.bisect_in_progress)
+		strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(no branch, bisect started on %s)"),
+			    state.branch);
+	else if (state.detached_from)
+		strbuf_addf(&desc, _("(detached from %s)"),
+			    state.detached_from);
+	else
+		strbuf_addstr(&desc, _("(no branch)"));
+	free(state.branch);
+	free(state.onto);
+	free(state.detached_from);
+	return strbuf_detach(&desc, NULL);
+}
 
 static void show_detached(struct ref_list *ref_list)
 {
@@ -557,7 +601,7 @@ static void show_detached(struct ref_list *ref_list)
 
 	if (head_commit && is_descendant_of(head_commit, ref_list->with_commit)) {
 		struct ref_item item;
-		item.name = xstrdup(_("(no branch)"));
+		item.name = get_head_description();
 		item.width = utf8_strwidth(item.name);
 		item.kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
 		item.dest = NULL;
@@ -590,7 +634,7 @@ static int print_ref_list(int kinds, int detached, int verbose, int abbrev, stru
 		struct commit *filter;
 		filter = lookup_commit_reference_gently(merge_filter_ref, 0);
 		if (!filter)
-			die("object '%s' does not point to a commit",
+			die(_("object '%s' does not point to a commit"),
 			    sha1_to_hex(merge_filter_ref));
 
 		filter->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
@@ -706,11 +750,11 @@ static int edit_branch_description(const char *branch_name)
 	read_branch_desc(&buf, branch_name);
 	if (!buf.len || buf.buf[buf.len-1] != '\n')
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
-	strbuf_addf(&buf,
-		    "# Please edit the description for the branch\n"
-		    "#   %s\n"
-		    "# Lines starting with '#' will be stripped.\n",
-		    branch_name);
+	strbuf_commented_addf(&buf,
+		    "Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+		    "  %s\n"
+		    "Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n",
+		    branch_name, comment_line_char);
 	fp = fopen(git_path(edit_description), "w");
 	if ((fwrite(buf.buf, 1, buf.len, fp) < buf.len) || fclose(fp)) {
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
@@ -725,7 +769,7 @@ static int edit_branch_description(const char *branch_name)
 	stripspace(&buf, 1);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&name, "branch.%s.description", branch_name);
-	status = git_config_set(name.buf, buf.buf);
+	status = git_config_set(name.buf, buf.len ? buf.buf : NULL);
 	strbuf_release(&name);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
@@ -825,6 +869,9 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!delete && !rename && !edit_description && !new_upstream && !unset_upstream && argc == 0)
 		list = 1;
 
+	if (with_commit || merge_filter != NO_FILTER)
+		list = 1;
+
 	if (!!delete + !!rename + !!force_create + !!list + !!new_upstream + !!unset_upstream > 1)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
 
@@ -837,9 +884,11 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		colopts = 0;
 	}
 
-	if (delete)
+	if (delete) {
+		if (!argc)
+			die(_("branch name required"));
 		return delete_branches(argc, argv, delete > 1, kinds, quiet);
-	else if (list) {
+	} else if (list) {
 		int ret = print_ref_list(kinds, detached, verbose, abbrev,
 					 with_commit, argv);
 		print_columns(&output, colopts, NULL);
@@ -852,37 +901,51 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		if (!argc) {
 			if (detached)
-				die("Cannot give description to detached HEAD");
+				die(_("Cannot give description to detached HEAD"));
 			branch_name = head;
 		} else if (argc == 1)
 			branch_name = argv[0];
 		else
-			usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
+			die(_("cannot edit description of more than one branch"));
 
 		strbuf_addf(&branch_ref, "refs/heads/%s", branch_name);
 		if (!ref_exists(branch_ref.buf)) {
 			strbuf_release(&branch_ref);
 
 			if (!argc)
-				return error("No commit on branch '%s' yet.",
+				return error(_("No commit on branch '%s' yet."),
 					     branch_name);
 			else
-				return error("No such branch '%s'.", branch_name);
+				return error(_("No branch named '%s'."),
+					     branch_name);
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&branch_ref);
 
 		if (edit_branch_description(branch_name))
 			return 1;
 	} else if (rename) {
-		if (argc == 1)
+		if (!argc)
+			die(_("branch name required"));
+		else if (argc == 1)
 			rename_branch(head, argv[0], rename > 1);
 		else if (argc == 2)
 			rename_branch(argv[0], argv[1], rename > 1);
 		else
-			usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
+			die(_("too many branches for a rename operation"));
 	} else if (new_upstream) {
 		struct branch *branch = branch_get(argv[0]);
 
+		if (argc > 1)
+			die(_("too many branches to set new upstream"));
+
+		if (!branch) {
+			if (!argc || !strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD"))
+				die(_("could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when "
+				      "it does not point to any branch."),
+				    new_upstream);
+			die(_("no such branch '%s'"), argv[0]);
+		}
+
 		if (!ref_exists(branch->refname))
 			die(_("branch '%s' does not exist"), branch->name);
 
@@ -895,6 +958,16 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		struct branch *branch = branch_get(argv[0]);
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
+		if (argc > 1)
+			die(_("too many branches to unset upstream"));
+
+		if (!branch) {
+			if (!argc || !strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD"))
+				die(_("could not unset upstream of HEAD when "
+				      "it does not point to any branch."));
+			die(_("no such branch '%s'"), argv[0]);
+		}
+
 		if (!branch_has_merge_config(branch)) {
 			die(_("Branch '%s' has no upstream information"), branch->name);
 		}
@@ -910,6 +983,12 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		int branch_existed = 0, remote_tracking = 0;
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD"))
+			die(_("it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"));
+
+		if (!branch)
+			die(_("no such branch '%s'"), argv[0]);
+
 		if (kinds != REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
 			die(_("-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"));
 
diff --git a/builtin/cat-file.c b/builtin/cat-file.c
index 00528dd..045cee7 100644
--- a/builtin/cat-file.c
+++ b/builtin/cat-file.c
@@ -16,73 +16,6 @@
 #define BATCH 1
 #define BATCH_CHECK 2
 
-static void pprint_tag(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
-{
-	/* the parser in tag.c is useless here. */
-	const char *endp = buf + size;
-	const char *cp = buf;
-
-	while (cp < endp) {
-		char c = *cp++;
-		if (c != '\n')
-			continue;
-		if (7 <= endp - cp && !memcmp("tagger ", cp, 7)) {
-			const char *tagger = cp;
-
-			/* Found the tagger line.  Copy out the contents
-			 * of the buffer so far.
-			 */
-			write_or_die(1, buf, cp - buf);
-
-			/*
-			 * Do something intelligent, like pretty-printing
-			 * the date.
-			 */
-			while (cp < endp) {
-				if (*cp++ == '\n') {
-					/* tagger to cp is a line
-					 * that has ident and time.
-					 */
-					const char *sp = tagger;
-					char *ep;
-					unsigned long date;
-					long tz;
-					while (sp < cp && *sp != '>')
-						sp++;
-					if (sp == cp) {
-						/* give up */
-						write_or_die(1, tagger,
-							     cp - tagger);
-						break;
-					}
-					while (sp < cp &&
-					       !('0' <= *sp && *sp <= '9'))
-						sp++;
-					write_or_die(1, tagger, sp - tagger);
-					date = strtoul(sp, &ep, 10);
-					tz = strtol(ep, NULL, 10);
-					sp = show_date(date, tz, 0);
-					write_or_die(1, sp, strlen(sp));
-					xwrite(1, "\n", 1);
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-			break;
-		}
-		if (cp < endp && *cp == '\n')
-			/* end of header */
-			break;
-	}
-	/* At this point, we have copied out the header up to the end of
-	 * the tagger line and cp points at one past \n.  It could be the
-	 * next header line after the tagger line, or it could be another
-	 * \n that marks the end of the headers.  We need to copy out the
-	 * remainder as is.
-	 */
-	if (cp < endp)
-		write_or_die(1, cp, endp - cp);
-}
-
 static int cat_one_file(int opt, const char *exp_type, const char *obj_name)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -133,10 +66,6 @@ static int cat_one_file(int opt, const char *exp_type, const char *obj_name)
 		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf)
 			die("Cannot read object %s", obj_name);
-		if (type == OBJ_TAG) {
-			pprint_tag(sha1, buf, size);
-			return 0;
-		}
 
 		/* otherwise just spit out the data */
 		break;
@@ -193,7 +122,7 @@ static int batch_one_object(const char *obj_name, int print_contents)
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	enum object_type type = 0;
 	unsigned long size;
-	void *contents = contents;
+	void *contents = NULL;
 
 	if (!obj_name)
 	   return 1;
diff --git a/builtin/check-ignore.c b/builtin/check-ignore.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..854a88a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/check-ignore.c
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "pathspec.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static int quiet, verbose, stdin_paths;
+static const char * const check_ignore_usage[] = {
+"git check-ignore [options] pathname...",
+"git check-ignore [options] --stdin < <list-of-paths>",
+NULL
+};
+
+static int null_term_line;
+
+static const struct option check_ignore_options[] = {
+	OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("suppress progress reporting")),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
+	OPT_GROUP(""),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &stdin_paths,
+		    N_("read file names from stdin")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('z', NULL, &null_term_line,
+		    N_("input paths are terminated by a null character")),
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
+static void output_exclude(const char *path, struct exclude *exclude)
+{
+	char *bang  = exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE  ? "!" : "";
+	char *slash = exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR ? "/" : "";
+	if (!null_term_line) {
+		if (!verbose) {
+			write_name_quoted(path, stdout, '\n');
+		} else {
+			quote_c_style(exclude->el->src, NULL, stdout, 0);
+			printf(":%d:%s%s%s\t",
+			       exclude->srcpos,
+			       bang, exclude->pattern, slash);
+			quote_c_style(path, NULL, stdout, 0);
+			fputc('\n', stdout);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (!verbose) {
+			printf("%s%c", path, '\0');
+		} else {
+			printf("%s%c%d%c%s%s%s%c%s%c",
+			       exclude->el->src, '\0',
+			       exclude->srcpos, '\0',
+			       bang, exclude->pattern, slash, '\0',
+			       path, '\0');
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int check_ignore(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec)
+{
+	struct dir_struct dir;
+	const char *path, *full_path;
+	char *seen;
+	int num_ignored = 0, dtype = DT_UNKNOWN, i;
+	struct exclude *exclude;
+
+	/* read_cache() is only necessary so we can watch out for submodules. */
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
+
+	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+	setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
+
+	if (!pathspec || !*pathspec) {
+		if (!quiet)
+			fprintf(stderr, "no pathspec given.\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * look for pathspecs matching entries in the index, since these
+	 * should not be ignored, in order to be consistent with
+	 * 'git status', 'git add' etc.
+	 */
+	seen = find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(pathspec);
+	for (i = 0; pathspec[i]; i++) {
+		path = pathspec[i];
+		full_path = prefix_path(prefix, prefix
+					? strlen(prefix) : 0, path);
+		full_path = check_path_for_gitlink(full_path);
+		die_if_path_beyond_symlink(full_path, prefix);
+		if (!seen[i]) {
+			exclude = last_exclude_matching(&dir, full_path, &dtype);
+			if (exclude) {
+				if (!quiet)
+					output_exclude(path, exclude);
+				num_ignored++;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	free(seen);
+	clear_directory(&dir);
+
+	return num_ignored;
+}
+
+static int check_ignore_stdin_paths(const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf, nbuf;
+	char **pathspec = NULL;
+	size_t nr = 0, alloc = 0;
+	int line_termination = null_term_line ? 0 : '\n';
+	int num_ignored;
+
+	strbuf_init(&buf, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&nbuf, 0);
+	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
+		if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
+			strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
+			if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+				die("line is badly quoted");
+			strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+		}
+		ALLOC_GROW(pathspec, nr + 1, alloc);
+		pathspec[nr] = xcalloc(strlen(buf.buf) + 1, sizeof(*buf.buf));
+		strcpy(pathspec[nr++], buf.buf);
+	}
+	ALLOC_GROW(pathspec, nr + 1, alloc);
+	pathspec[nr] = NULL;
+	num_ignored = check_ignore(prefix, (const char **)pathspec);
+	maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "attribute to stdout");
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+	free(pathspec);
+	return num_ignored;
+}
+
+int cmd_check_ignore(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int num_ignored;
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, check_ignore_options,
+			     check_ignore_usage, 0);
+
+	if (stdin_paths) {
+		if (argc > 0)
+			die(_("cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"));
+	} else {
+		if (null_term_line)
+			die(_("-z only makes sense with --stdin"));
+		if (argc == 0)
+			die(_("no path specified"));
+	}
+	if (quiet) {
+		if (argc > 1)
+			die(_("--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"));
+		if (verbose)
+			die(_("cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"));
+	}
+
+	if (stdin_paths) {
+		num_ignored = check_ignore_stdin_paths(prefix);
+	} else {
+		num_ignored = check_ignore(prefix, argv);
+		maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "ignore to stdout");
+	}
+
+	return !num_ignored;
+}
diff --git a/builtin/checkout.c b/builtin/checkout.c
index a9c1b5a..81b4419 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ struct checkout_opts {
 	int force_detach;
 	int writeout_stage;
 	int overwrite_ignore;
+	int ignore_skipworktree;
 
 	const char *new_branch;
 	const char *new_branch_force;
@@ -271,24 +272,57 @@ static int checkout_paths(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		;
 	ps_matched = xcalloc(1, pos);
 
+	/*
+	 * Make sure all pathspecs participated in locating the paths
+	 * to be checked out.
+	 */
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+		ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_MATCHED;
+		if (!opts->ignore_skipworktree && ce_skip_worktree(ce))
+			continue;
 		if (opts->source_tree && !(ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE))
+			/*
+			 * "git checkout tree-ish -- path", but this entry
+			 * is in the original index; it will not be checked
+			 * out to the working tree and it does not matter
+			 * if pathspec matched this entry.  We will not do
+			 * anything to this entry at all.
+			 */
 			continue;
-		match_pathspec(opts->pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, ps_matched);
+		/*
+		 * Either this entry came from the tree-ish we are
+		 * checking the paths out of, or we are checking out
+		 * of the index.
+		 *
+		 * If it comes from the tree-ish, we already know it
+		 * matches the pathspec and could just stamp
+		 * CE_MATCHED to it from update_some(). But we still
+		 * need ps_matched and read_tree_recursive (and
+		 * eventually tree_entry_interesting) cannot fill
+		 * ps_matched yet. Once it can, we can avoid calling
+		 * match_pathspec() for _all_ entries when
+		 * opts->source_tree != NULL.
+		 */
+		if (match_pathspec(opts->pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce),
+				   0, ps_matched))
+			ce->ce_flags |= CE_MATCHED;
 	}
 
-	if (report_path_error(ps_matched, opts->pathspec, opts->prefix))
+	if (report_path_error(ps_matched, opts->pathspec, opts->prefix)) {
+		free(ps_matched);
 		return 1;
+	}
+	free(ps_matched);
 
 	/* "checkout -m path" to recreate conflicted state */
 	if (opts->merge)
-		unmerge_cache(opts->pathspec);
+		unmerge_marked_index(&the_index);
 
 	/* Any unmerged paths? */
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
-		if (match_pathspec(opts->pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL)) {
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_MATCHED) {
 			if (!ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
 			if (opts->force) {
@@ -313,9 +347,7 @@ static int checkout_paths(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 	state.refresh_cache = 1;
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
-		if (opts->source_tree && !(ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE))
-			continue;
-		if (match_pathspec(opts->pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL)) {
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_MATCHED) {
 			if (!ce_stage(ce)) {
 				errs |= checkout_entry(ce, &state, NULL);
 				continue;
@@ -700,7 +732,7 @@ static void suggest_reattach(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *revs)
 			"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, "
 			"this may be a good time\nto do so with:\n\n"
 			" git branch new_branch_name %s\n\n"),
-			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1029,6 +1061,8 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_STRING(0, "conflict", &conflict_style, N_("style"),
 			   N_("conflict style (merge or diff3)")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &opts.patch_mode, N_("select hunks interactively")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "ignore-skip-worktree-bits", &opts.ignore_skipworktree,
+			 N_("do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only")),
 		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "guess", &dwim_new_local_branch, NULL,
 		  N_("second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
diff --git a/builtin/clean.c b/builtin/clean.c
index f4b760b..04e396b 100644
--- a/builtin/clean.c
+++ b/builtin/clean.c
@@ -153,6 +153,7 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	static const char **pathspec;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct string_list exclude_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct exclude_list *el;
 	const char *qname;
 	char *seen = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
@@ -205,9 +206,9 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!ignored)
 		setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
 
+	el = add_exclude_list(&dir, EXC_CMDL, "--exclude option");
 	for (i = 0; i < exclude_list.nr; i++)
-		add_exclude(exclude_list.items[i].string, "", 0,
-			    &dir.exclude_list[EXC_CMDL]);
+		add_exclude(exclude_list.items[i].string, "", 0, el, -(i+1));
 
 	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
diff --git a/builtin/clone.c b/builtin/clone.c
index 36ec99d..035ab64 100644
--- a/builtin/clone.c
+++ b/builtin/clone.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "branch.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "connected.h"
 
 /*
  * Overall FIXMEs:
@@ -231,16 +232,26 @@ static void strip_trailing_slashes(char *dir)
 static int add_one_reference(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
 {
 	char *ref_git;
+	const char *repo;
 	struct strbuf alternate = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	/* Beware: real_path() and mkpath() return static buffer */
+	/* Beware: read_gitfile(), real_path() and mkpath() return static buffer */
 	ref_git = xstrdup(real_path(item->string));
-	if (is_directory(mkpath("%s/.git/objects", ref_git))) {
+
+	repo = read_gitfile(ref_git);
+	if (!repo)
+		repo = read_gitfile(mkpath("%s/.git", ref_git));
+	if (repo) {
+		free(ref_git);
+		ref_git = xstrdup(repo);
+	}
+
+	if (!repo && is_directory(mkpath("%s/.git/objects", ref_git))) {
 		char *ref_git_git = mkpathdup("%s/.git", ref_git);
 		free(ref_git);
 		ref_git = ref_git_git;
 	} else if (!is_directory(mkpath("%s/objects", ref_git)))
-		die(_("reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."),
+		die(_("reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."),
 		    item->string);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&alternate, "%s/objects", ref_git);
@@ -376,10 +387,32 @@ static void clone_local(const char *src_repo, const char *dest_repo)
 static const char *junk_work_tree;
 static const char *junk_git_dir;
 static pid_t junk_pid;
+static enum {
+	JUNK_LEAVE_NONE,
+	JUNK_LEAVE_REPO,
+	JUNK_LEAVE_ALL
+} junk_mode = JUNK_LEAVE_NONE;
+
+static const char junk_leave_repo_msg[] =
+N_("Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
+   "You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
+   "and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n");
 
 static void remove_junk(void)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	switch (junk_mode) {
+	case JUNK_LEAVE_REPO:
+		warning("%s", _(junk_leave_repo_msg));
+		/* fall-through */
+	case JUNK_LEAVE_ALL:
+		return;
+	default:
+		/* proceed to removal */
+		break;
+	}
+
 	if (getpid() != junk_pid)
 		return;
 	if (junk_git_dir) {
@@ -485,12 +518,37 @@ static void write_followtags(const struct ref *refs, const char *msg)
 	}
 }
 
+static int iterate_ref_map(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20])
+{
+	struct ref **rm = cb_data;
+	struct ref *ref = *rm;
+
+	/*
+	 * Skip anything missing a peer_ref, which we are not
+	 * actually going to write a ref for.
+	 */
+	while (ref && !ref->peer_ref)
+		ref = ref->next;
+	/* Returning -1 notes "end of list" to the caller. */
+	if (!ref)
+		return -1;
+
+	hashcpy(sha1, ref->old_sha1);
+	*rm = ref->next;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void update_remote_refs(const struct ref *refs,
 			       const struct ref *mapped_refs,
 			       const struct ref *remote_head_points_at,
 			       const char *branch_top,
 			       const char *msg)
 {
+	const struct ref *rm = mapped_refs;
+
+	if (check_everything_connected(iterate_ref_map, 0, &rm))
+		die(_("remote did not send all necessary objects"));
+
 	if (refs) {
 		write_remote_refs(mapped_refs);
 		if (option_single_branch)
@@ -579,7 +637,8 @@ static int checkout(void)
 	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
 	parse_tree(tree);
 	init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
-	unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts);
+	if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts) < 0)
+		die(_("unable to checkout working tree"));
 
 	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
@@ -767,8 +826,6 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	atexit(remove_junk);
 	sigchain_push_common(remove_junk_on_signal);
 
-	setenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT, mkpath("%s/config", git_dir), 1);
-
 	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(git_dir) < 0)
 		die(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"), git_dir);
 
@@ -787,13 +844,6 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	init_db(option_template, INIT_DB_QUIET);
 	write_config(&option_config);
 
-	/*
-	 * At this point, the config exists, so we do not need the
-	 * environment variable.  We actually need to unset it, too, to
-	 * re-enable parsing of the global configs.
-	 */
-	unsetenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
-
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	if (option_bare) {
@@ -907,12 +957,13 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	transport_unlock_pack(transport);
 	transport_disconnect(transport);
 
+	junk_mode = JUNK_LEAVE_REPO;
 	err = checkout();
 
 	strbuf_release(&reflog_msg);
 	strbuf_release(&branch_top);
 	strbuf_release(&key);
 	strbuf_release(&value);
-	junk_pid = 0;
+	junk_mode = JUNK_LEAVE_ALL;
 	return err;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/commit-tree.c b/builtin/commit-tree.c
index eac901a..f641ff2 100644
--- a/builtin/commit-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/commit-tree.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 
-static const char commit_tree_usage[] = "git commit-tree [(-p <sha1>)...] [-S<signer>] [-m <message>] [-F <file>] <sha1> <changelog";
+static const char commit_tree_usage[] = "git commit-tree [(-p <sha1>)...] [-S[<keyid>]] [-m <message>] [-F <file>] <sha1> <changelog";
 
 static void new_parent(struct commit *parent, struct commit_list **parents_p)
 {
diff --git a/builtin/commit.c b/builtin/commit.c
index 9668410..d2f30d9 100644
--- a/builtin/commit.c
+++ b/builtin/commit.c
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ static enum {
 	CLEANUP_NONE,
 	CLEANUP_ALL
 } cleanup_mode;
-static char *cleanup_arg;
+static const char *cleanup_arg;
 
 static enum commit_whence whence;
 static int use_editor = 1, include_status = 1;
@@ -124,8 +124,10 @@ static int opt_parse_m(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 	if (unset)
 		strbuf_setlen(buf, 0);
 	else {
+		if (buf->len)
+			strbuf_addch(buf, '\n');
 		strbuf_addstr(buf, arg);
-		strbuf_addstr(buf, "\n\n");
+		strbuf_complete_line(buf);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -700,7 +702,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 			previous = eol;
 		}
 
-		append_signoff(&sb, ignore_footer);
+		append_signoff(&sb, ignore_footer, 0);
 	}
 
 	if (fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, s->fp) < sb.len)
@@ -733,15 +735,15 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL)
 			status_printf(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
 				_("Please enter the commit message for your changes."
-				" Lines starting\nwith '#' will be ignored, and an empty"
-				" message aborts the commit.\n"));
+				  " Lines starting\nwith '%c' will be ignored, and an empty"
+				  " message aborts the commit.\n"), comment_line_char);
 		else /* CLEANUP_SPACE, that is. */
 			status_printf(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
 				_("Please enter the commit message for your changes."
-				" Lines starting\n"
-				"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them"
-				" yourself if you want to.\n"
-				"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"));
+				  " Lines starting\n"
+				  "with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them"
+				  " yourself if you want to.\n"
+				  "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"), comment_line_char);
 		if (only_include_assumed)
 			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
 					"%s", only_include_assumed);
@@ -946,24 +948,14 @@ static void handle_untracked_files_arg(struct wt_status *s)
 
 static const char *read_commit_message(const char *name)
 {
-	const char *out_enc, *out;
+	const char *out_enc;
 	struct commit *commit;
 
 	commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(name);
 	if (!commit)
 		die(_("could not lookup commit %s"), name);
 	out_enc = get_commit_output_encoding();
-	out = logmsg_reencode(commit, out_enc);
-
-	/*
-	 * If we failed to reencode the buffer, just copy it
-	 * byte for byte so the user can try to fix it up.
-	 * This also handles the case where input and output
-	 * encodings are identical.
-	 */
-	if (out == NULL)
-		out = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
-	return out;
+	return logmsg_reencode(commit, NULL, out_enc);
 }
 
 static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
@@ -1320,6 +1312,8 @@ static int git_commit_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 		include_status = git_config_bool(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "commit.cleanup"))
+		return git_config_string(&cleanup_arg, k, v);
 
 	status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
 	if (status)
@@ -1327,8 +1321,6 @@ static int git_commit_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 	return git_status_config(k, v, s);
 }
 
-static const char post_rewrite_hook[] = "hooks/post-rewrite";
-
 static int run_rewrite_hook(const unsigned char *oldsha1,
 			    const unsigned char *newsha1)
 {
@@ -1339,10 +1331,10 @@ static int run_rewrite_hook(const unsigned char *oldsha1,
 	int code;
 	size_t n;
 
-	if (access(git_path(post_rewrite_hook), X_OK) < 0)
+	argv[0] = find_hook("post-rewrite");
+	if (!argv[0])
 		return 0;
 
-	argv[0] = git_path(post_rewrite_hook);
 	argv[1] = "amend";
 	argv[2] = NULL;
 
diff --git a/builtin/count-objects.c b/builtin/count-objects.c
index 9afaa88..a7f70cb 100644
--- a/builtin/count-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/count-objects.c
@@ -9,11 +9,22 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
+static unsigned long garbage;
+static off_t size_garbage;
+
+static void real_report_garbage(const char *desc, const char *path)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	if (!stat(path, &st))
+		size_garbage += st.st_size;
+	warning("%s: %s", desc, path);
+	garbage++;
+}
+
 static void count_objects(DIR *d, char *path, int len, int verbose,
 			  unsigned long *loose,
 			  off_t *loose_size,
-			  unsigned long *packed_loose,
-			  unsigned long *garbage)
+			  unsigned long *packed_loose)
 {
 	struct dirent *ent;
 	while ((ent = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
@@ -46,9 +57,11 @@ static void count_objects(DIR *d, char *path, int len, int verbose,
 		}
 		if (bad) {
 			if (verbose) {
-				error("garbage found: %.*s/%s",
-				      len + 2, path, ent->d_name);
-				(*garbage)++;
+				struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+				strbuf_addf(&sb, "%.*s/%s",
+					    len + 2, path, ent->d_name);
+				report_garbage("garbage found", sb.buf);
+				strbuf_release(&sb);
 			}
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -66,20 +79,22 @@ static void count_objects(DIR *d, char *path, int len, int verbose,
 }
 
 static char const * const count_objects_usage[] = {
-	N_("git count-objects [-v]"),
+	N_("git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, verbose = 0;
+	int i, verbose = 0, human_readable = 0;
 	const char *objdir = get_object_directory();
 	int len = strlen(objdir);
 	char *path = xmalloc(len + 50);
-	unsigned long loose = 0, packed = 0, packed_loose = 0, garbage = 0;
+	unsigned long loose = 0, packed = 0, packed_loose = 0;
 	off_t loose_size = 0;
 	struct option opts[] = {
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
+		OPT_BOOL('H', "human-readable", &human_readable,
+			 N_("print sizes in human readable format")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -87,6 +102,8 @@ int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	/* we do not take arguments other than flags for now */
 	if (argc)
 		usage_with_options(count_objects_usage, opts);
+	if (verbose)
+		report_garbage = real_report_garbage;
 	memcpy(path, objdir, len);
 	if (len && objdir[len-1] != '/')
 		path[len++] = '/';
@@ -97,13 +114,16 @@ int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!d)
 			continue;
 		count_objects(d, path, len, verbose,
-			      &loose, &loose_size, &packed_loose, &garbage);
+			      &loose, &loose_size, &packed_loose);
 		closedir(d);
 	}
 	if (verbose) {
 		struct packed_git *p;
 		unsigned long num_pack = 0;
 		off_t size_pack = 0;
+		struct strbuf loose_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf pack_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf garbage_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		if (!packed_git)
 			prepare_packed_git();
 		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
@@ -115,16 +135,40 @@ int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			size_pack += p->pack_size + p->index_size;
 			num_pack++;
 		}
+
+		if (human_readable) {
+			strbuf_humanise_bytes(&loose_buf, loose_size);
+			strbuf_humanise_bytes(&pack_buf, size_pack);
+			strbuf_humanise_bytes(&garbage_buf, size_garbage);
+		} else {
+			strbuf_addf(&loose_buf, "%lu",
+				    (unsigned long)(loose_size / 1024));
+			strbuf_addf(&pack_buf, "%lu",
+				    (unsigned long)(size_pack / 1024));
+			strbuf_addf(&garbage_buf, "%lu",
+				    (unsigned long)(size_garbage / 1024));
+		}
+
 		printf("count: %lu\n", loose);
-		printf("size: %lu\n", (unsigned long) (loose_size / 1024));
+		printf("size: %s\n", loose_buf.buf);
 		printf("in-pack: %lu\n", packed);
 		printf("packs: %lu\n", num_pack);
-		printf("size-pack: %lu\n", (unsigned long) (size_pack / 1024));
+		printf("size-pack: %s\n", pack_buf.buf);
 		printf("prune-packable: %lu\n", packed_loose);
 		printf("garbage: %lu\n", garbage);
+		printf("size-garbage: %s\n", garbage_buf.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&loose_buf);
+		strbuf_release(&pack_buf);
+		strbuf_release(&garbage_buf);
+	} else {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (human_readable)
+			strbuf_humanise_bytes(&buf, loose_size);
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%lu kilobytes",
+				    (unsigned long)(loose_size / 1024));
+		printf("%lu objects, %s\n", loose, buf.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
-	else
-		printf("%lu objects, %lu kilobytes\n",
-		       loose, (unsigned long) (loose_size / 1024));
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/describe.c b/builtin/describe.c
index 04c185b..6636a68 100644
--- a/builtin/describe.c
+++ b/builtin/describe.c
@@ -137,40 +137,39 @@ static void add_to_known_names(const char *path,
 
 static int get_name(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	int might_be_tag = !prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/");
+	int is_tag = !prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/");
 	unsigned char peeled[20];
-	int is_tag, prio;
+	int is_annotated, prio;
 
-	if (!all && !might_be_tag)
+	/* Reject anything outside refs/tags/ unless --all */
+	if (!all && !is_tag)
 		return 0;
 
+	/* Accept only tags that match the pattern, if given */
+	if (pattern && (!is_tag || fnmatch(pattern, path + 10, 0)))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Is it annotated? */
 	if (!peel_ref(path, peeled)) {
-		is_tag = !!hashcmp(sha1, peeled);
+		is_annotated = !!hashcmp(sha1, peeled);
 	} else {
 		hashcpy(peeled, sha1);
-		is_tag = 0;
+		is_annotated = 0;
 	}
 
-	/* If --all, then any refs are used.
-	 * If --tags, then any tags are used.
-	 * Otherwise only annotated tags are used.
+	/*
+	 * By default, we only use annotated tags, but with --tags
+	 * we fall back to lightweight ones (even without --tags,
+	 * we still remember lightweight ones, only to give hints
+	 * in an error message).  --all allows any refs to be used.
 	 */
-	if (might_be_tag) {
-		if (is_tag)
-			prio = 2;
-		else
-			prio = 1;
-
-		if (pattern && fnmatch(pattern, path + 10, 0))
-			prio = 0;
-	}
+	if (is_annotated)
+		prio = 2;
+	else if (is_tag)
+		prio = 1;
 	else
 		prio = 0;
 
-	if (!all) {
-		if (!prio)
-			return 0;
-	}
 	add_to_known_names(all ? path + 5 : path + 10, peeled, prio, sha1);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -402,8 +401,8 @@ int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "contains",   &contains, N_("find the tag that comes after the commit")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "debug",      &debug, N_("debug search strategy on stderr")),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all",        &all, N_("use any ref in .git/refs")),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags",       &tags, N_("use any tag in .git/refs/tags")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all",        &all, N_("use any ref")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags",       &tags, N_("use any tag, even unannotated")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "long",       &longformat, N_("always use long format")),
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "exact-match", &max_candidates,
diff --git a/builtin/fast-export.c b/builtin/fast-export.c
index 06a5279..d60d675 100644
--- a/builtin/fast-export.c
+++ b/builtin/fast-export.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ static const char *fast_export_usage[] = {
 };
 
 static int progress;
-static enum { ABORT, VERBATIM, WARN, STRIP } signed_tag_mode = ABORT;
+static enum { ABORT, VERBATIM, WARN, WARN_STRIP, STRIP } signed_tag_mode = ABORT;
 static enum { ERROR, DROP, REWRITE } tag_of_filtered_mode = ERROR;
 static int fake_missing_tagger;
 static int use_done_feature;
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ static int parse_opt_signed_tag_mode(const struct option *opt,
 		signed_tag_mode = VERBATIM;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "warn"))
 		signed_tag_mode = WARN;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "warn-strip"))
+		signed_tag_mode = WARN_STRIP;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "strip"))
 		signed_tag_mode = STRIP;
 	else
@@ -113,12 +115,13 @@ static void show_progress(void)
 		printf("progress %d objects\n", counter);
 }
 
-static void handle_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static void export_blob(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
 	char *buf;
 	struct object *object;
+	int eaten;
 
 	if (no_data)
 		return;
@@ -126,16 +129,18 @@ static void handle_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
 		return;
 
-	object = parse_object(sha1);
-	if (!object)
-		die ("Could not read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
-	if (object->flags & SHOWN)
+	object = lookup_object(sha1);
+	if (object && object->flags & SHOWN)
 		return;
 
 	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
 		die ("Could not read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (check_sha1_signature(sha1, buf, size, typename(type)) < 0)
+		die("sha1 mismatch in blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	object = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, size, buf, &eaten);
+	if (!object)
+		die("Could not read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	mark_next_object(object);
 
@@ -147,7 +152,8 @@ static void handle_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	show_progress();
 
 	object->flags |= SHOWN;
-	free(buf);
+	if (!eaten)
+		free(buf);
 }
 
 static int depth_first(const void *a_, const void *b_)
@@ -312,7 +318,7 @@ static void handle_commit(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
 	/* Export the referenced blobs, and remember the marks. */
 	for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++)
 		if (!S_ISGITLINK(diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->mode))
-			handle_object(diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->sha1);
+			export_blob(diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->sha1);
 
 	mark_next_object(&commit->object);
 	if (!is_encoding_utf8(encoding))
@@ -424,6 +430,10 @@ static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
 				/* fallthru */
 			case VERBATIM:
 				break;
+			case WARN_STRIP:
+				warning ("Stripping signature from tag %s",
+					 sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+				/* fallthru */
 			case STRIP:
 				message_size = signature + 1 - message;
 				break;
@@ -474,18 +484,21 @@ static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
 	       (int)message_size, (int)message_size, message ? message : "");
 }
 
-static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct object_array *pending,
+static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct rev_cmdline_info *info,
 				    struct string_list *extra_refs)
 {
 	struct tag *tag;
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < pending->nr; i++) {
-		struct object_array_entry *e = pending->objects + i;
+	for (i = 0; i < info->nr; i++) {
+		struct rev_cmdline_entry *e = info->rev + i;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		struct commit *commit = commit;
+		struct commit *commit;
 		char *full_name;
 
+		if (e->flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+
 		if (dwim_ref(e->name, strlen(e->name), sha1, &full_name) != 1)
 			continue;
 
@@ -509,7 +522,7 @@ static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct object_array *pending,
 				commit = (struct commit *)tag;
 				break;
 			case OBJ_BLOB:
-				handle_object(tag->object.sha1);
+				export_blob(tag->object.sha1);
 				continue;
 			default: /* OBJ_TAG (nested tags) is already handled */
 				warning("Tag points to object of unexpected type %s, skipping.",
@@ -523,10 +536,14 @@ static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct object_array *pending,
 				typename(e->item->type));
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (commit->util)
-			/* more than one name for the same object */
+
+		/*
+		 * This ref will not be updated through a commit, lets make
+		 * sure it gets properly updated eventually.
+		 */
+		if (commit->util || commit->object.flags & SHOWN)
 			string_list_append(extra_refs, full_name)->util = commit;
-		else
+		if (!commit->util)
 			commit->util = full_name;
 	}
 }
@@ -607,16 +624,21 @@ static void import_marks(char *input_file)
 			|| *mark_end != ' ' || get_sha1(mark_end + 1, sha1))
 			die("corrupt mark line: %s", line);
 
+		if (last_idnum < mark)
+			last_idnum = mark;
+
 		object = parse_object(sha1);
 		if (!object)
-			die ("Could not read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			continue;
 
 		if (object->flags & SHOWN)
 			error("Object %s already has a mark", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
+		if (object->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+			/* only commits */
+			continue;
+
 		mark_object(object, mark);
-		if (last_idnum < mark)
-			last_idnum = mark;
 
 		object->flags |= SHOWN;
 	}
@@ -630,6 +652,7 @@ int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct string_list extra_refs = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	char *export_filename = NULL, *import_filename = NULL;
+	uint32_t lastimportid;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "progress", &progress,
 			    N_("show progress after <n> objects")),
@@ -673,11 +696,12 @@ int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (import_filename)
 		import_marks(import_filename);
+	lastimportid = last_idnum;
 
 	if (import_filename && revs.prune_data.nr)
 		full_tree = 1;
 
-	get_tags_and_duplicates(&revs.pending, &extra_refs);
+	get_tags_and_duplicates(&revs.cmdline, &extra_refs);
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
@@ -695,7 +719,7 @@ int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	handle_tags_and_duplicates(&extra_refs);
 
-	if (export_filename)
+	if (export_filename && lastimportid != last_idnum)
 		export_marks(export_filename);
 
 	if (use_done_feature)
diff --git a/builtin/fetch-pack.c b/builtin/fetch-pack.c
index 940ae35..aba4465 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch-pack.c
@@ -7,12 +7,31 @@ static const char fetch_pack_usage[] =
 "[--include-tag] [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [--depth=<n>] "
 "[--no-progress] [-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]";
 
+static void add_sought_entry_mem(struct ref ***sought, int *nr, int *alloc,
+				 const char *name, int namelen)
+{
+	struct ref *ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + namelen + 1);
+
+	memcpy(ref->name, name, namelen);
+	ref->name[namelen] = '\0';
+	(*nr)++;
+	ALLOC_GROW(*sought, *nr, *alloc);
+	(*sought)[*nr - 1] = ref;
+}
+
+static void add_sought_entry(struct ref ***sought, int *nr, int *alloc,
+			     const char *string)
+{
+	add_sought_entry_mem(sought, nr, alloc, string, strlen(string));
+}
+
 int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, ret;
 	struct ref *ref = NULL;
 	const char *dest = NULL;
-	struct string_list sought = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct ref **sought = NULL;
+	int nr_sought = 0, alloc_sought = 0;
 	int fd[2];
 	char *pack_lockfile = NULL;
 	char **pack_lockfile_ptr = NULL;
@@ -94,27 +113,24 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * refs from the standard input:
 	 */
 	for (; i < argc; i++)
-		string_list_append(&sought, xstrdup(argv[i]));
+		add_sought_entry(&sought, &nr_sought, &alloc_sought, argv[i]);
 	if (args.stdin_refs) {
 		if (args.stateless_rpc) {
 			/* in stateless RPC mode we use pkt-line to read
 			 * from stdin, until we get a flush packet
 			 */
-			static char line[1000];
 			for (;;) {
-				int n = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
-				if (!n)
+				char *line = packet_read_line(0, NULL);
+				if (!line)
 					break;
-				if (line[n-1] == '\n')
-					n--;
-				string_list_append(&sought, xmemdupz(line, n));
+				add_sought_entry(&sought, &nr_sought,  &alloc_sought, line);
 			}
 		}
 		else {
 			/* read from stdin one ref per line, until EOF */
 			struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
 			while (strbuf_getline(&line, stdin, '\n') != EOF)
-				string_list_append(&sought, strbuf_detach(&line, NULL));
+				add_sought_entry(&sought, &nr_sought, &alloc_sought, line.buf);
 			strbuf_release(&line);
 		}
 	}
@@ -128,10 +144,10 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				   args.verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
 	}
 
-	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &ref, 0, NULL);
+	get_remote_heads(fd[0], NULL, 0, &ref, 0, NULL);
 
 	ref = fetch_pack(&args, fd, conn, ref, dest,
-			 &sought, pack_lockfile_ptr);
+			 sought, nr_sought, pack_lockfile_ptr);
 	if (pack_lockfile) {
 		printf("lock %s\n", pack_lockfile);
 		fflush(stdout);
@@ -141,7 +157,7 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (finish_connect(conn))
 		return 1;
 
-	ret = !ref || sought.nr;
+	ret = !ref;
 
 	/*
 	 * If the heads to pull were given, we should have consumed
@@ -149,8 +165,13 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * remote no-such-ref' would silently succeed without issuing
 	 * an error.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < sought.nr; i++)
-		error("no such remote ref %s", sought.items[i].string);
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_sought; i++) {
+		if (!sought[i] || sought[i]->matched)
+			continue;
+		error("no such remote ref %s", sought[i]->name);
+		ret = 1;
+	}
+
 	while (ref) {
 		printf("%s %s\n",
 		       sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ref->name);
diff --git a/builtin/fetch.c b/builtin/fetch.c
index 4b5a898..4b6b1df 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ enum {
 
 static int all, append, dry_run, force, keep, multiple, prune, update_head_ok, verbosity;
 static int progress = -1, recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT;
-static int tags = TAGS_DEFAULT;
+static int tags = TAGS_DEFAULT, unshallow;
 static const char *depth;
 static const char *upload_pack;
 static struct strbuf default_rla = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -82,6 +82,9 @@ static struct option builtin_fetch_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &depth, N_("depth"),
 		   N_("deepen history of shallow clone")),
+	{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "unshallow", &unshallow, NULL,
+		   N_("convert to a complete repository"),
+		   PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, 1 },
 	{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "submodule-prefix", &submodule_prefix, N_("dir"),
 		   N_("prepend this to submodule path output"), PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
 	{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "recurse-submodules-default",
@@ -959,6 +962,9 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct remote *remote;
 	int result = 0;
+	static const char *argv_gc_auto[] = {
+		"gc", "--auto", NULL,
+	};
 
 	packet_trace_identity("fetch");
 
@@ -970,6 +976,18 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
 			     builtin_fetch_options, builtin_fetch_usage, 0);
 
+	if (unshallow) {
+		if (depth)
+			die(_("--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"));
+		else if (!is_repository_shallow())
+			die(_("--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"));
+		else {
+			static char inf_depth[12];
+			sprintf(inf_depth, "%d", INFINITE_DEPTH);
+			depth = inf_depth;
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) {
 		if (recurse_submodules_default) {
 			int arg = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg("--recurse-submodules-default", recurse_submodules_default);
@@ -1026,5 +1044,7 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	list.strdup_strings = 1;
 	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
 
+	run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+
 	return result;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c b/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
index d9af43c..1c04070 100644
--- a/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
+++ b/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
@@ -287,10 +287,10 @@ static void credit_people(struct strbuf *out,
 	const char *me;
 
 	if (kind == 'a') {
-		label = "\n# By ";
+		label = "By";
 		me = git_author_info(IDENT_NO_DATE);
 	} else {
-		label = "\n# Via ";
+		label = "Via";
 		me = git_committer_info(IDENT_NO_DATE);
 	}
 
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ static void credit_people(struct strbuf *out,
 	     (me = skip_prefix(me, them->items->string)) != NULL &&
 	     skip_prefix(me, " <")))
 		return;
-	strbuf_addstr(out, label);
+	strbuf_addf(out, "\n%c %s ", comment_line_char, label);
 	add_people_count(out, them);
 }
 
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ static void fmt_tag_signature(struct strbuf *tagbuf,
 	strbuf_complete_line(tagbuf);
 	if (sig->len) {
 		strbuf_addch(tagbuf, '\n');
-		strbuf_add_lines(tagbuf, "# ", sig->buf, sig->len);
+		strbuf_add_commented_lines(tagbuf, sig->buf, sig->len);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ static void fmt_merge_msg_sigs(struct strbuf *out)
 
 		if (size == len)
 			; /* merely annotated */
-		else if (verify_signed_buffer(buf, len, buf + len, size - len, &sig)) {
+		else if (verify_signed_buffer(buf, len, buf + len, size - len, &sig, NULL)) {
 			if (!sig.len)
 				strbuf_addstr(&sig, "gpg verification failed.\n");
 		}
@@ -503,14 +503,18 @@ static void fmt_merge_msg_sigs(struct strbuf *out)
 		} else {
 			if (tag_number == 2) {
 				struct strbuf tagline = STRBUF_INIT;
-				strbuf_addf(&tagline, "\n# %s\n",
-					    origins.items[first_tag].string);
+				strbuf_addch(&tagline, '\n');
+				strbuf_add_commented_lines(&tagline,
+						origins.items[first_tag].string,
+						strlen(origins.items[first_tag].string));
 				strbuf_insert(&tagbuf, 0, tagline.buf,
 					      tagline.len);
 				strbuf_release(&tagline);
 			}
-			strbuf_addf(&tagbuf, "\n# %s\n",
-				    origins.items[i].string);
+			strbuf_addch(&tagbuf, '\n');
+			strbuf_add_commented_lines(&tagbuf,
+					origins.items[i].string,
+					strlen(origins.items[i].string));
 			fmt_tag_signature(&tagbuf, &sig, buf, len);
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&sig);
diff --git a/builtin/grep.c b/builtin/grep.c
index e8f0f92..159e65d 100644
--- a/builtin/grep.c
+++ b/builtin/grep.c
@@ -821,6 +821,8 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		/* Is it a rev? */
 		if (!get_sha1(arg, sha1)) {
 			struct object *object = parse_object_or_die(sha1, arg);
+			if (!seen_dashdash)
+				verify_non_filename(prefix, arg);
 			add_object_array(object, arg, &list);
 			continue;
 		}
diff --git a/builtin/help.c b/builtin/help.c
index 6067a61..062957f 100644
--- a/builtin/help.c
+++ b/builtin/help.c
@@ -36,10 +36,12 @@ enum help_format {
 static const char *html_path;
 
 static int show_all = 0;
+static int show_guides = 0;
 static unsigned int colopts;
 static enum help_format help_format = HELP_FORMAT_NONE;
 static struct option builtin_help_options[] = {
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &show_all, N_("print all available commands")),
+	OPT_BOOL('a', "all", &show_all, N_("print all available commands")),
+	OPT_BOOL('g', "guides", &show_guides, N_("print list of useful guides")),
 	OPT_SET_INT('m', "man", &help_format, N_("show man page"), HELP_FORMAT_MAN),
 	OPT_SET_INT('w', "web", &help_format, N_("show manual in web browser"),
 			HELP_FORMAT_WEB),
@@ -49,7 +51,7 @@ static struct option builtin_help_options[] = {
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_help_usage[] = {
-	N_("git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"),
+	N_("git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -236,21 +238,21 @@ static int add_man_viewer_cmd(const char *name,
 
 static int add_man_viewer_info(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
-	const char *name = var + 4;
-	const char *subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
+	const char *name, *subkey;
+	int namelen;
 
-	if (!subkey)
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "man", &name, &namelen, &subkey) < 0 || !name)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (!strcmp(subkey, ".path")) {
+	if (!strcmp(subkey, "path")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		return add_man_viewer_path(name, subkey - name, value);
+		return add_man_viewer_path(name, namelen, value);
 	}
-	if (!strcmp(subkey, ".cmd")) {
+	if (!strcmp(subkey, "cmd")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		return add_man_viewer_cmd(name, subkey - name, value);
+		return add_man_viewer_cmd(name, namelen, value);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -413,6 +415,37 @@ static void show_html_page(const char *git_cmd)
 	open_html(page_path.buf);
 }
 
+static struct {
+	const char *name;
+	const char *help;
+} common_guides[] = {
+	{ "attributes", N_("Defining attributes per path") },
+	{ "glossary", N_("A Git glossary") },
+	{ "ignore", N_("Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore") },
+	{ "modules", N_("Defining submodule properties") },
+	{ "revisions", N_("Specifying revisions and ranges for Git") },
+	{ "tutorial", N_("A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)") },
+	{ "workflows", N_("An overview of recommended workflows with Git") },
+};
+
+static void list_common_guides_help(void)
+{
+	int i, longest = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_guides); i++) {
+		if (longest < strlen(common_guides[i].name))
+			longest = strlen(common_guides[i].name);
+	}
+
+	puts(_("The common Git guides are:\n"));
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_guides); i++) {
+		printf("   %s   ", common_guides[i].name);
+		mput_char(' ', longest - strlen(common_guides[i].name));
+		puts(_(common_guides[i].help));
+	}
+	putchar('\n');
+}
+
 int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int nongit;
@@ -428,7 +461,16 @@ int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		git_config(git_help_config, NULL);
 		printf(_("usage: %s%s"), _(git_usage_string), "\n\n");
 		list_commands(colopts, &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
+	}
+
+	if (show_guides)
+		list_common_guides_help();
+
+	if (show_all || show_guides) {
 		printf("%s\n", _(git_more_info_string));
+		/*
+		* We're done. Ignore any remaining args
+		*/
 		return 0;
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/index-pack.c b/builtin/index-pack.c
index ef62124..79dfe47 100644
--- a/builtin/index-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/index-pack.c
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ static int nr_threads;
 static int from_stdin;
 static int strict;
 static int verbose;
+static int show_stat;
 
 static struct progress *progress;
 
@@ -108,6 +109,10 @@ static pthread_mutex_t work_mutex;
 #define work_lock()		lock_mutex(&work_mutex)
 #define work_unlock()		unlock_mutex(&work_mutex)
 
+static pthread_mutex_t deepest_delta_mutex;
+#define deepest_delta_lock()	lock_mutex(&deepest_delta_mutex)
+#define deepest_delta_unlock()	unlock_mutex(&deepest_delta_mutex)
+
 static pthread_key_t key;
 
 static inline void lock_mutex(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
@@ -130,6 +135,8 @@ static void init_thread(void)
 	init_recursive_mutex(&read_mutex);
 	pthread_mutex_init(&counter_mutex, NULL);
 	pthread_mutex_init(&work_mutex, NULL);
+	if (show_stat)
+		pthread_mutex_init(&deepest_delta_mutex, NULL);
 	pthread_key_create(&key, NULL);
 	thread_data = xcalloc(nr_threads, sizeof(*thread_data));
 	threads_active = 1;
@@ -143,6 +150,8 @@ static void cleanup_thread(void)
 	pthread_mutex_destroy(&read_mutex);
 	pthread_mutex_destroy(&counter_mutex);
 	pthread_mutex_destroy(&work_mutex);
+	if (show_stat)
+		pthread_mutex_destroy(&deepest_delta_mutex);
 	pthread_key_delete(key);
 	free(thread_data);
 }
@@ -158,6 +167,9 @@ static void cleanup_thread(void)
 #define work_lock()
 #define work_unlock()
 
+#define deepest_delta_lock()
+#define deepest_delta_unlock()
+
 #endif
 
 
@@ -833,9 +845,13 @@ static void resolve_delta(struct object_entry *delta_obj,
 	void *base_data, *delta_data;
 
 	delta_obj->real_type = base->obj->real_type;
-	delta_obj->delta_depth = base->obj->delta_depth + 1;
-	if (deepest_delta < delta_obj->delta_depth)
-		deepest_delta = delta_obj->delta_depth;
+	if (show_stat) {
+		delta_obj->delta_depth = base->obj->delta_depth + 1;
+		deepest_delta_lock();
+		if (deepest_delta < delta_obj->delta_depth)
+			deepest_delta = delta_obj->delta_depth;
+		deepest_delta_unlock();
+	}
 	delta_obj->base_object_no = base->obj - objects;
 	delta_data = get_data_from_pack(delta_obj);
 	base_data = get_base_data(base);
@@ -951,8 +967,10 @@ static void *threaded_second_pass(void *data)
 	set_thread_data(data);
 	for (;;) {
 		int i;
-		work_lock();
+		counter_lock();
 		display_progress(progress, nr_resolved_deltas);
+		counter_unlock();
+		work_lock();
 		while (nr_dispatched < nr_objects &&
 		       is_delta_type(objects[nr_dispatched].type))
 			nr_dispatched++;
@@ -1107,6 +1125,8 @@ static void conclude_pack(int fix_thin_pack, const char *curr_pack, unsigned cha
 		objects = xrealloc(objects,
 				   (nr_objects + nr_unresolved + 1)
 				   * sizeof(*objects));
+		memset(objects + nr_objects + 1, 0,
+		       nr_unresolved * sizeof(*objects));
 		f = sha1fd(output_fd, curr_pack);
 		fix_unresolved_deltas(f, nr_unresolved);
 		strbuf_addf(&msg, _("completed with %d local objects"),
@@ -1463,7 +1483,7 @@ static void show_pack_info(int stat_only)
 
 int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, fix_thin_pack = 0, verify = 0, stat_only = 0, stat = 0;
+	int i, fix_thin_pack = 0, verify = 0, stat_only = 0;
 	const char *curr_pack, *curr_index;
 	const char *index_name = NULL, *pack_name = NULL;
 	const char *keep_name = NULL, *keep_msg = NULL;
@@ -1496,10 +1516,10 @@ int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				verify = 1;
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--verify-stat")) {
 				verify = 1;
-				stat = 1;
+				show_stat = 1;
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--verify-stat-only")) {
 				verify = 1;
-				stat = 1;
+				show_stat = 1;
 				stat_only = 1;
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--keep")) {
 				keep_msg = "";
@@ -1607,7 +1627,7 @@ int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (strict)
 		check_objects();
 
-	if (stat)
+	if (show_stat)
 		show_pack_info(stat_only);
 
 	idx_objects = xmalloc((nr_objects) * sizeof(struct pack_idx_entry *));
diff --git a/builtin/log.c b/builtin/log.c
index e7b7db1..6e56a50 100644
--- a/builtin/log.c
+++ b/builtin/log.c
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 #include "branch.h"
 #include "streaming.h"
 #include "version.h"
+#include "mailmap.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
 
 /* Set a default date-time format for git log ("log.date" config variable) */
 static const char *default_date_mode = NULL;
@@ -30,11 +32,12 @@ static int default_abbrev_commit;
 static int default_show_root = 1;
 static int decoration_style;
 static int decoration_given;
+static int use_mailmap_config;
 static const char *fmt_patch_subject_prefix = "PATCH";
 static const char *fmt_pretty;
 
 static const char * const builtin_log_usage[] = {
-	N_("git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n")
+	N_("git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]\n")
 	N_("   or: git show [options] <object>..."),
 	NULL
 };
@@ -94,16 +97,18 @@ static void cmd_log_init_finish(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 			 struct rev_info *rev, struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
 {
 	struct userformat_want w;
-	int quiet = 0, source = 0;
+	int quiet = 0, source = 0, mailmap = 0;
 
 	const struct option builtin_log_options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "quiet", &quiet, N_("suppress diff output")),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "source", &source, N_("show source")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "quiet", &quiet, N_("suppress diff output")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "source", &source, N_("show source")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "use-mailmap", &mailmap, N_("Use mail map file")),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "decorate", NULL, NULL, N_("decorate options"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, decorate_callback},
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
+	mailmap = use_mailmap_config;
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
 			     builtin_log_options, builtin_log_usage,
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN |
@@ -136,6 +141,11 @@ static void cmd_log_init_finish(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 	if (source)
 		rev->show_source = 1;
 
+	if (mailmap) {
+		rev->mailmap = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
+		read_mailmap(rev->mailmap, NULL);
+	}
+
 	if (rev->pretty_given && rev->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_RAW) {
 		/*
 		 * "log --pretty=raw" is special; ignore UI oriented
@@ -351,8 +361,15 @@ static int git_log_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	}
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "color.decorate."))
 		return parse_decorate_color_config(var, 15, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "log.mailmap")) {
+		use_mailmap_config = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (grep_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
 		return -1;
+	if (git_gpg_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
+		return -1;
 	return git_diff_ui_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
@@ -605,6 +622,14 @@ static void add_header(const char *value)
 static int thread;
 static int do_signoff;
 static const char *signature = git_version_string;
+static int config_cover_letter;
+
+enum {
+	COVER_UNSET,
+	COVER_OFF,
+	COVER_ON,
+	COVER_AUTO
+};
 
 static int git_format_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
@@ -666,6 +691,14 @@ static int git_format_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "format.signature"))
 		return git_config_string(&signature, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.coverletter")) {
+		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "auto")) {
+			config_cover_letter = COVER_AUTO;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		config_cover_letter = git_config_bool(var, value) ? COVER_ON : COVER_OFF;
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	return git_log_config(var, value, cb);
 }
@@ -678,7 +711,7 @@ static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, const char *subject,
 			 struct rev_info *rev, int quiet)
 {
 	struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int suffix_len = strlen(fmt_patch_suffix) + 1;
+	int suffix_len = strlen(rev->patch_suffix) + 1;
 
 	if (output_directory) {
 		strbuf_addstr(&filename, output_directory);
@@ -689,7 +722,12 @@ static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, const char *subject,
 			strbuf_addch(&filename, '/');
 	}
 
-	get_patch_filename(commit, subject, rev->nr, fmt_patch_suffix, &filename);
+	if (rev->numbered_files)
+		strbuf_addf(&filename, "%d", rev->nr);
+	else if (commit)
+		fmt_output_commit(&filename, commit, rev);
+	else
+		fmt_output_subject(&filename, subject, rev);
 
 	if (!quiet)
 		fprintf(realstdout, "%s\n", filename.buf + outdir_offset);
@@ -772,10 +810,37 @@ static void add_branch_description(struct strbuf *buf, const char *branch_name)
 	}
 }
 
+static char *find_branch_name(struct rev_info *rev)
+{
+	int i, positive = -1;
+	unsigned char branch_sha1[20];
+	const unsigned char *tip_sha1;
+	const char *ref;
+	char *full_ref, *branch = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rev->cmdline.nr; i++) {
+		if (rev->cmdline.rev[i].flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		if (positive < 0)
+			positive = i;
+		else
+			return NULL;
+	}
+	if (positive < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	ref = rev->cmdline.rev[positive].name;
+	tip_sha1 = rev->cmdline.rev[positive].item->sha1;
+	if (dwim_ref(ref, strlen(ref), branch_sha1, &full_ref) &&
+	    !prefixcmp(full_ref, "refs/heads/") &&
+	    !hashcmp(tip_sha1, branch_sha1))
+		branch = xstrdup(full_ref + strlen("refs/heads/"));
+	free(full_ref);
+	return branch;
+}
+
 static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
-			      int numbered, int numbered_files,
 			      struct commit *origin,
-			      int nr, struct commit **list, struct commit *head,
+			      int nr, struct commit **list,
 			      const char *branch_name,
 			      int quiet)
 {
@@ -789,6 +854,7 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 	struct diff_options opts;
 	int need_8bit_cte = 0;
 	struct pretty_print_context pp = {0};
+	struct commit *head = list[0];
 
 	if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
 		die(_("Cover letter needs email format"));
@@ -796,7 +862,7 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 	committer = git_committer_info(0);
 
 	if (!use_stdout &&
-	    reopen_stdout(NULL, numbered_files ? NULL : "cover-letter", rev, quiet))
+	    reopen_stdout(NULL, rev->numbered_files ? NULL : "cover-letter", rev, quiet))
 		return;
 
 	log_write_email_headers(rev, head, &pp.subject, &pp.after_subject,
@@ -806,6 +872,9 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 		if (has_non_ascii(list[i]->buffer))
 			need_8bit_cte = 1;
 
+	if (!branch_name)
+		branch_name = find_branch_name(rev);
+
 	msg = body;
 	pp.fmt = CMIT_FMT_EMAIL;
 	pp.date_mode = DATE_RFC2822;
@@ -1012,35 +1081,6 @@ static int cc_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static char *find_branch_name(struct rev_info *rev)
-{
-	int i, positive = -1;
-	unsigned char branch_sha1[20];
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *branch;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < rev->cmdline.nr; i++) {
-		if (rev->cmdline.rev[i].flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		if (positive < 0)
-			positive = i;
-		else
-			return NULL;
-	}
-	if (positive < 0)
-		return NULL;
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/heads/%s", rev->cmdline.rev[positive].name);
-	branch = resolve_ref_unsafe(buf.buf, branch_sha1, 1, NULL);
-	if (!branch ||
-	    prefixcmp(branch, "refs/heads/") ||
-	    hashcmp(rev->cmdline.rev[positive].item->sha1, branch_sha1))
-		branch = NULL;
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	if (branch)
-		return xstrdup(rev->cmdline.rev[positive].name);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
 int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
@@ -1050,18 +1090,18 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int nr = 0, total, i;
 	int use_stdout = 0;
 	int start_number = -1;
-	int numbered_files = 0;		/* _just_ numbers */
+	int just_numbers = 0;
 	int ignore_if_in_upstream = 0;
-	int cover_letter = 0;
+	int cover_letter = -1;
 	int boundary_count = 0;
 	int no_binary_diff = 0;
-	struct commit *origin = NULL, *head = NULL;
+	struct commit *origin = NULL;
 	const char *in_reply_to = NULL;
 	struct patch_ids ids;
-	char *add_signoff = NULL;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int use_patch_format = 0;
 	int quiet = 0;
+	int reroll_count = -1;
 	char *branch_name = NULL;
 	const struct option builtin_format_patch_options[] = {
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', "numbered", &numbered, NULL,
@@ -1070,17 +1110,19 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'N', "no-numbered", &numbered, NULL,
 			    N_("use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG, no_numbered_callback },
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &do_signoff, N_("add Signed-off-by:")),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdout", &use_stdout,
+		OPT_BOOL('s', "signoff", &do_signoff, N_("add Signed-off-by:")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "stdout", &use_stdout,
 			    N_("print patches to standard out")),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cover-letter", &cover_letter,
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "cover-letter", &cover_letter,
 			    N_("generate a cover letter")),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "numbered-files", &numbered_files,
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "numbered-files", &just_numbers,
 			    N_("use simple number sequence for output file names")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "suffix", &fmt_patch_suffix, N_("sfx"),
 			    N_("use <sfx> instead of '.patch'")),
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "start-number", &start_number,
 			    N_("start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1")),
+		OPT_INTEGER('v', "reroll-count", &reroll_count,
+			    N_("mark the series as Nth re-roll")),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "subject-prefix", &rev, N_("prefix"),
 			    N_("Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_NONEG, subject_prefix_callback },
@@ -1154,14 +1196,12 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN |
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
 
-	if (do_signoff) {
-		const char *committer;
-		const char *endpos;
-		committer = git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT);
-		endpos = strchr(committer, '>');
-		if (!endpos)
-			die(_("bogus committer info %s"), committer);
-		add_signoff = xmemdupz(committer, endpos - committer + 1);
+	if (0 < reroll_count) {
+		struct strbuf sprefix = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addf(&sprefix, "%s v%d",
+			    rev.subject_prefix, reroll_count);
+		rev.reroll_count = reroll_count;
+		rev.subject_prefix = strbuf_detach(&sprefix, NULL);
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < extra_hdr.nr; i++) {
@@ -1249,28 +1289,36 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (rev.pending.nr == 1) {
+		int check_head = 0;
+
 		if (rev.max_count < 0 && !rev.show_root_diff) {
 			/*
 			 * This is traditional behaviour of "git format-patch
 			 * origin" that prepares what the origin side still
 			 * does not have.
 			 */
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			const char *ref;
-
 			rev.pending.objects[0].item->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 			add_head_to_pending(&rev);
-			ref = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", sha1, 1, NULL);
-			if (ref && !prefixcmp(ref, "refs/heads/"))
-				branch_name = xstrdup(ref + strlen("refs/heads/"));
-			else
-				branch_name = xstrdup(""); /* no branch */
+			check_head = 1;
 		}
 		/*
 		 * Otherwise, it is "format-patch -22 HEAD", and/or
 		 * "format-patch --root HEAD".  The user wants
 		 * get_revision() to do the usual traversal.
 		 */
+
+		if (!strcmp(rev.pending.objects[0].name, "HEAD"))
+			check_head = 1;
+
+		if (check_head) {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			const char *ref;
+			ref = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", sha1, 1, NULL);
+			if (ref && !prefixcmp(ref, "refs/heads/"))
+				branch_name = xstrdup(ref + strlen("refs/heads/"));
+			else
+				branch_name = xstrdup(""); /* no branch */
+		}
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1279,29 +1327,6 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 */
 	rev.show_root_diff = 1;
 
-	if (cover_letter) {
-		/*
-		 * NEEDSWORK:randomly pick one positive commit to show
-		 * diffstat; this is often the tip and the command
-		 * happens to do the right thing in most cases, but a
-		 * complex command like "--cover-letter a b c ^bottom"
-		 * picks "c" and shows diffstat between bottom..c
-		 * which may not match what the series represents at
-		 * all and totally broken.
-		 */
-		int i;
-		for (i = 0; i < rev.pending.nr; i++) {
-			struct object *o = rev.pending.objects[i].item;
-			if (!(o->flags & UNINTERESTING))
-				head = (struct commit *)o;
-		}
-		/* There is nothing to show; it is not an error, though. */
-		if (!head)
-			return 0;
-		if (!branch_name)
-			branch_name = find_branch_name(&rev);
-	}
-
 	if (ignore_if_in_upstream) {
 		/* Don't say anything if head and upstream are the same. */
 		if (rev.pending.nr == 2) {
@@ -1333,28 +1358,38 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		list = xrealloc(list, nr * sizeof(list[0]));
 		list[nr - 1] = commit;
 	}
+	if (nr == 0)
+		/* nothing to do */
+		return 0;
 	total = nr;
 	if (!keep_subject && auto_number && total > 1)
 		numbered = 1;
 	if (numbered)
 		rev.total = total + start_number - 1;
+	if (cover_letter == -1) {
+		if (config_cover_letter == COVER_AUTO)
+			cover_letter = (total > 1);
+		else
+			cover_letter = (config_cover_letter == COVER_ON);
+	}
+
 	if (in_reply_to || thread || cover_letter)
 		rev.ref_message_ids = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
 	if (in_reply_to) {
 		const char *msgid = clean_message_id(in_reply_to);
 		string_list_append(rev.ref_message_ids, msgid);
 	}
-	rev.numbered_files = numbered_files;
+	rev.numbered_files = just_numbers;
 	rev.patch_suffix = fmt_patch_suffix;
 	if (cover_letter) {
 		if (thread)
 			gen_message_id(&rev, "cover");
-		make_cover_letter(&rev, use_stdout, numbered, numbered_files,
-				  origin, nr, list, head, branch_name, quiet);
+		make_cover_letter(&rev, use_stdout,
+				  origin, nr, list, branch_name, quiet);
 		total++;
 		start_number--;
 	}
-	rev.add_signoff = add_signoff;
+	rev.add_signoff = do_signoff;
 	while (0 <= --nr) {
 		int shown;
 		commit = list[nr];
@@ -1396,7 +1431,7 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 
 		if (!use_stdout &&
-		    reopen_stdout(numbered_files ? NULL : commit, NULL, &rev, quiet))
+		    reopen_stdout(rev.numbered_files ? NULL : commit, NULL, &rev, quiet))
 			die(_("Failed to create output files"));
 		shown = log_tree_commit(&rev, commit);
 		free(commit->buffer);
diff --git a/builtin/ls-files.c b/builtin/ls-files.c
index b5434af..2202072 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-files.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-files.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ static int error_unmatch;
 static char *ps_matched;
 static const char *with_tree;
 static int exc_given;
+static int exclude_args;
 
 static const char *tag_cached = "";
 static const char *tag_unmerged = "";
@@ -200,19 +201,15 @@ static void show_ru_info(void)
 	}
 }
 
-static int ce_excluded(struct path_exclude_check *check, struct cache_entry *ce)
+static int ce_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
 	int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
-	return path_excluded(check, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), &dtype);
+	return is_excluded(dir, ce->name, &dtype);
 }
 
 static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
 {
 	int i;
-	struct path_exclude_check check;
-
-	if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
-		path_exclude_check_init(&check, dir);
 
 	/* For cached/deleted files we don't need to even do the readdir */
 	if (show_others || show_killed) {
@@ -226,7 +223,7 @@ static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
 		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
 			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 			if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) &&
-			    !ce_excluded(&check, ce))
+			    !ce_excluded(dir, ce))
 				continue;
 			if (show_unmerged && !ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
@@ -242,7 +239,7 @@ static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
 			struct stat st;
 			int err;
 			if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) &&
-			    !ce_excluded(&check, ce))
+			    !ce_excluded(dir, ce))
 				continue;
 			if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)
 				continue;
@@ -255,9 +252,6 @@ static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
 				show_ce_entry(tag_modified, ce);
 		}
 	}
-
-	if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
-		path_exclude_check_clear(&check);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -337,7 +331,7 @@ void overlay_tree_on_cache(const char *tree_name, const char *prefix)
 		matchbuf[0] = prefix;
 		matchbuf[1] = NULL;
 		init_pathspec(&pathspec, matchbuf);
-		pathspec.items[0].use_wildcard = 0;
+		pathspec.items[0].nowildcard_len = pathspec.items[0].len;
 	} else
 		init_pathspec(&pathspec, NULL);
 	if (read_tree(tree, 1, &pathspec))
@@ -420,10 +414,10 @@ static int option_parse_z(const struct option *opt,
 static int option_parse_exclude(const struct option *opt,
 				const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	struct exclude_list *list = opt->value;
+	struct string_list *exclude_list = opt->value;
 
 	exc_given = 1;
-	add_exclude(arg, "", 0, list);
+	string_list_append(exclude_list, arg);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -452,9 +446,11 @@ static int option_parse_exclude_standard(const struct option *opt,
 
 int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 {
-	int require_work_tree = 0, show_tag = 0;
+	int require_work_tree = 0, show_tag = 0, i;
 	const char *max_prefix;
 	struct dir_struct dir;
+	struct exclude_list *el;
+	struct string_list exclude_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct option builtin_ls_files_options[] = {
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
 			N_("paths are separated with NUL character"),
@@ -488,7 +484,7 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 			N_("show unmerged files in the output")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "resolve-undo", &show_resolve_undo,
 			    N_("show resolve-undo information")),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'x', "exclude", &dir.exclude_list[EXC_CMDL], N_("pattern"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'x', "exclude", &exclude_list, N_("pattern"),
 			N_("skip files matching pattern"),
 			0, option_parse_exclude },
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'X', "exclude-from", &dir, N_("file"),
@@ -525,6 +521,10 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_ls_files_options,
 			ls_files_usage, 0);
+	el = add_exclude_list(&dir, EXC_CMDL, "--exclude option");
+	for (i = 0; i < exclude_list.nr; i++) {
+		add_exclude(exclude_list.items[i].string, "", 0, el, --exclude_args);
+	}
 	if (show_tag || show_valid_bit) {
 		tag_cached = "H ";
 		tag_unmerged = "M ";
diff --git a/builtin/ls-tree.c b/builtin/ls-tree.c
index 235c17c..fb76e38 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-tree.c
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ int cmd_ls_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	init_pathspec(&pathspec, get_pathspec(prefix, argv + 1));
 	for (i = 0; i < pathspec.nr; i++)
-		pathspec.items[i].use_wildcard = 0;
+		pathspec.items[i].nowildcard_len = pathspec.items[i].len;
 	pathspec.has_wildcard = 0;
 	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
 	if (!tree)
diff --git a/builtin/mailsplit.c b/builtin/mailsplit.c
index 2d43278..06296d4 100644
--- a/builtin/mailsplit.c
+++ b/builtin/mailsplit.c
@@ -130,6 +130,27 @@ static int populate_maildir_list(struct string_list *list, const char *path)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int maildir_filename_cmp(const char *a, const char *b)
+{
+	while (*a && *b) {
+		if (isdigit(*a) && isdigit(*b)) {
+			long int na, nb;
+			na = strtol(a, (char **)&a, 10);
+			nb = strtol(b, (char **)&b, 10);
+			if (na != nb)
+				return na - nb;
+			/* strtol advanced our pointers */
+		}
+		else {
+			if (*a != *b)
+				return (unsigned char)*a - (unsigned char)*b;
+			a++;
+			b++;
+		}
+	}
+	return (unsigned char)*a - (unsigned char)*b;
+}
+
 static int split_maildir(const char *maildir, const char *dir,
 	int nr_prec, int skip)
 {
@@ -139,6 +160,8 @@ static int split_maildir(const char *maildir, const char *dir,
 	int i;
 	struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
+	list.cmp = maildir_filename_cmp;
+
 	if (populate_maildir_list(&list, maildir) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
diff --git a/builtin/merge-tree.c b/builtin/merge-tree.c
index bc912e3..61cbde4 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-tree.c
@@ -155,6 +155,11 @@ static int same_entry(struct name_entry *a, struct name_entry *b)
 		a->mode == b->mode;
 }
 
+static int both_empty(struct name_entry *a, struct name_entry *b)
+{
+	return !(a->sha1 || b->sha1);
+}
+
 static struct merge_list *create_entry(unsigned stage, unsigned mode, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path)
 {
 	struct merge_list *res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
@@ -246,7 +251,11 @@ static void unresolved(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry n[3])
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 		mask |= (1 << i);
-		if (n[i].mode && S_ISDIR(n[i].mode))
+		/*
+		 * Treat missing entries as directories so that we return
+		 * after unresolved_directory has handled this.
+		 */
+		if (!n[i].mode || S_ISDIR(n[i].mode))
 			dirmask |= (1 << i);
 	}
 
@@ -297,13 +306,10 @@ static void unresolved(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry n[3])
 static int threeway_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, struct name_entry *entry, struct traverse_info *info)
 {
 	/* Same in both? */
-	if (same_entry(entry+1, entry+2)) {
-		if (entry[0].sha1) {
-			/* Modified identically */
-			resolve(info, NULL, entry+1);
-			return mask;
-		}
-		/* "Both added the same" is left unresolved */
+	if (same_entry(entry+1, entry+2) || both_empty(entry+1, entry+2)) {
+		/* Modified, added or removed identically */
+		resolve(info, NULL, entry+1);
+		return mask;
 	}
 
 	if (same_entry(entry+0, entry+1)) {
@@ -319,12 +325,10 @@ static int threeway_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, s
 		 */
 	}
 
-	if (same_entry(entry+0, entry+2)) {
-		if (entry[1].sha1 && !S_ISDIR(entry[1].mode)) {
-			/* We modified, they did not touch -- take ours */
-			resolve(info, NULL, entry+1);
-			return mask;
-		}
+	if (same_entry(entry+0, entry+2) || both_empty(entry+0, entry+2)) {
+		/* We added, modified or removed, they did not touch -- take ours */
+		resolve(info, NULL, entry+1);
+		return mask;
 	}
 
 	unresolved(info, entry);
diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index 9307e9c..3e2daa3 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static const char * const builtin_merge_usage[] = {
 static int show_diffstat = 1, shortlog_len = -1, squash;
 static int option_commit = 1, allow_fast_forward = 1;
 static int fast_forward_only, option_edit = -1;
-static int allow_trivial = 1, have_message;
+static int allow_trivial = 1, have_message, verify_signatures;
 static int overwrite_ignore = 1;
 static struct strbuf merge_msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 static struct strategy **use_strategies;
@@ -199,6 +199,8 @@ static struct option builtin_merge_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ff-only", &fast_forward_only,
 		N_("abort if fast-forward is not possible")),
 	OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(&allow_rerere_auto),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "verify-signatures", &verify_signatures,
+		N_("Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature")),
 	OPT_CALLBACK('s', "strategy", &use_strategies, N_("strategy"),
 		N_("merge strategy to use"), option_parse_strategy),
 	OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &xopts, N_("option=value"),
@@ -516,6 +518,19 @@ static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 		strbuf_release(&line);
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
+
+	if (remote_head->util) {
+		struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
+		desc = merge_remote_util(remote_head);
+		if (desc && desc->obj && desc->obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\t%s '%s'\n",
+				    sha1_to_hex(desc->obj->sha1),
+				    typename(desc->obj->type),
+				    remote);
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
+
 	strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tcommit '%s'\n",
 		sha1_to_hex(remote_head->object.sha1), remote);
 cleanup:
@@ -788,17 +803,16 @@ static const char merge_editor_comment[] =
 N_("Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
    "especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
    "\n"
-   "Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+   "Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
    "the commit.\n");
 
 static void prepare_to_commit(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 {
 	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *comment = _(merge_editor_comment);
 	strbuf_addbuf(&msg, &merge_msg);
 	strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
 	if (0 < option_edit)
-		strbuf_add_lines(&msg, "# ", comment, strlen(comment));
+		strbuf_commented_addf(&msg, _(merge_editor_comment), comment_line_char);
 	write_merge_msg(&msg);
 	if (run_hook(get_index_file(), "prepare-commit-msg",
 		     git_path("MERGE_MSG"), "merge", NULL, NULL))
@@ -1234,6 +1248,39 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
 			builtin_merge_options);
 
+	if (verify_signatures) {
+		for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next) {
+			struct commit *commit = p->item;
+			char hex[41];
+			struct signature_check signature_check;
+			memset(&signature_check, 0, sizeof(signature_check));
+
+			check_commit_signature(commit, &signature_check);
+
+			strcpy(hex, find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+			switch (signature_check.result) {
+			case 'G':
+				break;
+			case 'U':
+				die(_("Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, "
+				      "allegedly by %s."), hex, signature_check.signer);
+			case 'B':
+				die(_("Commit %s has a bad GPG signature "
+				      "allegedly by %s."), hex, signature_check.signer);
+			default: /* 'N' */
+				die(_("Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."), hex);
+			}
+			if (verbosity >= 0 && signature_check.result == 'G')
+				printf(_("Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"),
+				       hex, signature_check.signer);
+
+			free(signature_check.gpg_output);
+			free(signature_check.gpg_status);
+			free(signature_check.signer);
+			free(signature_check.key);
+		}
+	}
+
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "merge");
 	for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next)
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, " %s", merge_remote_util(p->item)->name);
diff --git a/builtin/notes.c b/builtin/notes.c
index 453457a..57748a6 100644
--- a/builtin/notes.c
+++ b/builtin/notes.c
@@ -92,10 +92,7 @@ static const char * const git_notes_get_ref_usage[] = {
 };
 
 static const char note_template[] =
-	"\n"
-	"#\n"
-	"# Write/edit the notes for the following object:\n"
-	"#\n";
+	"\nWrite/edit the notes for the following object:\n";
 
 struct msg_arg {
 	int given;
@@ -129,7 +126,7 @@ static void write_commented_object(int fd, const unsigned char *object)
 		{"show", "--stat", "--no-notes", sha1_to_hex(object), NULL};
 	struct child_process show;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	FILE *show_out;
+	struct strbuf cbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	/* Invoke "git show --stat --no-notes $object" */
 	memset(&show, 0, sizeof(show));
@@ -142,21 +139,14 @@ static void write_commented_object(int fd, const unsigned char *object)
 		die(_("unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"),
 		    sha1_to_hex(object));
 
-	/* Open the output as FILE* so strbuf_getline() can be used. */
-	show_out = xfdopen(show.out, "r");
-	if (show_out == NULL)
-		die_errno(_("can't fdopen 'show' output fd"));
+	if (strbuf_read(&buf, show.out, 0) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("could not read 'show' output"));
+	strbuf_add_commented_lines(&cbuf, buf.buf, buf.len);
+	write_or_die(fd, cbuf.buf, cbuf.len);
 
-	/* Prepend "# " to each output line and write result to 'fd' */
-	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, show_out, '\n') != EOF) {
-		write_or_die(fd, "# ", 2);
-		write_or_die(fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
-		write_or_die(fd, "\n", 1);
-	}
+	strbuf_release(&cbuf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	if (fclose(show_out))
-		die_errno(_("failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"),
-			  sha1_to_hex(object));
+
 	if (finish_command(&show))
 		die(_("failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"),
 		    sha1_to_hex(object));
@@ -170,6 +160,7 @@ static void create_note(const unsigned char *object, struct msg_arg *msg,
 
 	if (msg->use_editor || !msg->given) {
 		int fd;
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		/* write the template message before editing: */
 		path = git_pathdup("NOTES_EDITMSG");
@@ -181,11 +172,16 @@ static void create_note(const unsigned char *object, struct msg_arg *msg,
 			write_or_die(fd, msg->buf.buf, msg->buf.len);
 		else if (prev && !append_only)
 			write_note_data(fd, prev);
-		write_or_die(fd, note_template, strlen(note_template));
+
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+		strbuf_add_commented_lines(&buf, note_template, strlen(note_template));
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+		write_or_die(fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
 
 		write_commented_object(fd, object);
 
 		close(fd);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		strbuf_reset(&(msg->buf));
 
 		if (launch_editor(path, &(msg->buf), NULL)) {
diff --git a/builtin/push.c b/builtin/push.c
index db9ba30..909c34d 100644
--- a/builtin/push.c
+++ b/builtin/push.c
@@ -220,31 +220,67 @@ static const char message_advice_checkout_pull_push[] =
 	   "(e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
 	   "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");
 
+static const char message_advice_ref_fetch_first[] =
+	N_("Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+	   "not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+	   "to the same ref. You may want to first merge the remote changes (e.g.,\n"
+	   "'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+	   "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");
+
+static const char message_advice_ref_already_exists[] =
+	N_("Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote.");
+
+static const char message_advice_ref_needs_force[] =
+	N_("You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+	   "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+	   "without using the '--force' option.\n");
+
 static void advise_pull_before_push(void)
 {
-	if (!advice_push_non_ff_current || !advice_push_nonfastforward)
+	if (!advice_push_non_ff_current || !advice_push_update_rejected)
 		return;
 	advise(_(message_advice_pull_before_push));
 }
 
 static void advise_use_upstream(void)
 {
-	if (!advice_push_non_ff_default || !advice_push_nonfastforward)
+	if (!advice_push_non_ff_default || !advice_push_update_rejected)
 		return;
 	advise(_(message_advice_use_upstream));
 }
 
 static void advise_checkout_pull_push(void)
 {
-	if (!advice_push_non_ff_matching || !advice_push_nonfastforward)
+	if (!advice_push_non_ff_matching || !advice_push_update_rejected)
 		return;
 	advise(_(message_advice_checkout_pull_push));
 }
 
+static void advise_ref_already_exists(void)
+{
+	if (!advice_push_already_exists || !advice_push_update_rejected)
+		return;
+	advise(_(message_advice_ref_already_exists));
+}
+
+static void advise_ref_fetch_first(void)
+{
+	if (!advice_push_fetch_first || !advice_push_update_rejected)
+		return;
+	advise(_(message_advice_ref_fetch_first));
+}
+
+static void advise_ref_needs_force(void)
+{
+	if (!advice_push_needs_force || !advice_push_update_rejected)
+		return;
+	advise(_(message_advice_ref_needs_force));
+}
+
 static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
 {
 	int err;
-	int nonfastforward;
+	unsigned int reject_reasons;
 
 	transport_set_verbosity(transport, verbosity, progress);
 
@@ -257,7 +293,7 @@ static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
 	if (verbosity > 0)
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Pushing to %s\n"), transport->url);
 	err = transport_push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags,
-			     &nonfastforward);
+			     &reject_reasons);
 	if (err != 0)
 		error(_("failed to push some refs to '%s'"), transport->url);
 
@@ -265,18 +301,19 @@ static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
 	if (!err)
 		return 0;
 
-	switch (nonfastforward) {
-	default:
-		break;
-	case NON_FF_HEAD:
+	if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NON_FF_HEAD) {
 		advise_pull_before_push();
-		break;
-	case NON_FF_OTHER:
+	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NON_FF_OTHER) {
 		if (default_matching_used)
 			advise_use_upstream();
 		else
 			advise_checkout_pull_push();
-		break;
+	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
+		advise_ref_already_exists();
+	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_FETCH_FIRST) {
+		advise_ref_fetch_first();
+	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE) {
+		advise_ref_needs_force();
 	}
 
 	return 1;
@@ -285,7 +322,7 @@ static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
 static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
 {
 	int i, errs;
-	struct remote *remote = remote_get(repo);
+	struct remote *remote = pushremote_get(repo);
 	const char **url;
 	int url_nr;
 
@@ -399,6 +436,9 @@ int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "prune", &flags, N_("prune locally removed refs"),
 			TRANSPORT_PUSH_PRUNE),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "no-verify", &flags, N_("bypass pre-push hook"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "follow-tags", &flags, N_("push missing but relevant tags"),
+			TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/receive-pack.c b/builtin/receive-pack.c
index ff781fe..e3eb5fc 100644
--- a/builtin/receive-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/receive-pack.c
@@ -59,6 +59,11 @@ static enum deny_action parse_deny_action(const char *var, const char *value)
 
 static int receive_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
+	int status = parse_hide_refs_config(var, value, "receive");
+
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+
 	if (strcmp(var, "receive.denydeletes") == 0) {
 		deny_deletes = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -119,6 +124,9 @@ static int receive_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 
 static void show_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
+	if (ref_is_hidden(path))
+		return;
+
 	if (sent_capabilities)
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
 	else
@@ -182,9 +190,6 @@ struct command {
 	char ref_name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
-static const char pre_receive_hook[] = "hooks/pre-receive";
-static const char post_receive_hook[] = "hooks/post-receive";
-
 static void rp_error(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 static void rp_warning(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 
@@ -242,10 +247,10 @@ static int run_and_feed_hook(const char *hook_name, feed_fn feed, void *feed_sta
 	const char *argv[2];
 	int code;
 
-	if (access(hook_name, X_OK) < 0)
+	argv[0] = find_hook(hook_name);
+	if (!argv[0])
 		return 0;
 
-	argv[0] = hook_name;
 	argv[1] = NULL;
 
 	memset(&proc, 0, sizeof(proc));
@@ -331,15 +336,14 @@ static int run_receive_hook(struct command *commands, const char *hook_name,
 
 static int run_update_hook(struct command *cmd)
 {
-	static const char update_hook[] = "hooks/update";
 	const char *argv[5];
 	struct child_process proc;
 	int code;
 
-	if (access(update_hook, X_OK) < 0)
+	argv[0] = find_hook("update");
+	if (!argv[0])
 		return 0;
 
-	argv[0] = update_hook;
 	argv[1] = cmd->ref_name;
 	argv[2] = sha1_to_hex(cmd->old_sha1);
 	argv[3] = sha1_to_hex(cmd->new_sha1);
@@ -532,24 +536,25 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd)
 	}
 }
 
-static char update_post_hook[] = "hooks/post-update";
-
 static void run_update_post_hook(struct command *commands)
 {
 	struct command *cmd;
 	int argc;
 	const char **argv;
 	struct child_process proc;
+	char *hook;
 
+	hook = find_hook("post-update");
 	for (argc = 0, cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 		if (cmd->error_string || cmd->did_not_exist)
 			continue;
 		argc++;
 	}
-	if (!argc || access(update_post_hook, X_OK) < 0)
+	if (!argc || !hook)
 		return;
+
 	argv = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (2 + argc));
-	argv[0] = update_post_hook;
+	argv[0] = hook;
 
 	for (argc = 1, cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 		char *p;
@@ -688,6 +693,20 @@ static int iterate_receive_command_list(void *cb_data, unsigned char sha1[20])
 	return -1; /* end of list */
 }
 
+static void reject_updates_to_hidden(struct command *commands)
+{
+	struct command *cmd;
+
+	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
+		if (cmd->error_string || !ref_is_hidden(cmd->ref_name))
+			continue;
+		if (is_null_sha1(cmd->new_sha1))
+			cmd->error_string = "deny deleting a hidden ref";
+		else
+			cmd->error_string = "deny updating a hidden ref";
+	}
+}
+
 static void execute_commands(struct command *commands, const char *unpacker_error)
 {
 	struct command *cmd;
@@ -704,7 +723,9 @@ static void execute_commands(struct command *commands, const char *unpacker_erro
 				       0, &cmd))
 		set_connectivity_errors(commands);
 
-	if (run_receive_hook(commands, pre_receive_hook, 0)) {
+	reject_updates_to_hidden(commands);
+
+	if (run_receive_hook(commands, "pre-receive", 0)) {
 		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 			if (!cmd->error_string)
 				cmd->error_string = "pre-receive hook declined";
@@ -733,17 +754,15 @@ static struct command *read_head_info(void)
 	struct command *commands = NULL;
 	struct command **p = &commands;
 	for (;;) {
-		static char line[1000];
+		char *line;
 		unsigned char old_sha1[20], new_sha1[20];
 		struct command *cmd;
 		char *refname;
 		int len, reflen;
 
-		len = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
-		if (!len)
+		line = packet_read_line(0, &len);
+		if (!line)
 			break;
-		if (line[len-1] == '\n')
-			line[--len] = 0;
 		if (len < 83 ||
 		    line[40] != ' ' ||
 		    line[81] != ' ' ||
@@ -807,8 +826,11 @@ static const char *unpack(int err_fd)
 			    : 0);
 
 	hdr_err = parse_pack_header(&hdr);
-	if (hdr_err)
+	if (hdr_err) {
+		if (err_fd > 0)
+			close(err_fd);
 		return hdr_err;
+	}
 	snprintf(hdr_arg, sizeof(hdr_arg),
 			"--pack_header=%"PRIu32",%"PRIu32,
 			ntohl(hdr.hdr_version), ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries));
@@ -911,7 +933,7 @@ static void report(struct command *commands, const char *unpack_status)
 	if (use_sideband)
 		send_sideband(1, 1, buf.buf, buf.len, use_sideband);
 	else
-		safe_write(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
+		write_or_die(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
@@ -994,7 +1016,7 @@ int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			unlink_or_warn(pack_lockfile);
 		if (report_status)
 			report(commands, unpack_status);
-		run_receive_hook(commands, post_receive_hook, 1);
+		run_receive_hook(commands, "post-receive", 1);
 		run_update_post_hook(commands);
 		if (auto_gc) {
 			const char *argv_gc_auto[] = {
diff --git a/builtin/reflog.c b/builtin/reflog.c
index 44700f9..54184b3 100644
--- a/builtin/reflog.c
+++ b/builtin/reflog.c
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ static int expire_reflog(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1, int unused,
 		if (cb.unreachable_expire_kind == UE_HEAD) {
 			struct commit_list *elem;
 			for (elem = tips; elem; elem = elem->next)
-				clear_commit_marks(tip_commit, REACHABLE);
+				clear_commit_marks(elem->item, REACHABLE);
 			free_commit_list(tips);
 		} else {
 			clear_commit_marks(tip_commit, REACHABLE);
@@ -508,26 +508,27 @@ static int parse_expire_cfg_value(const char *var, const char *value, unsigned l
 
 static int reflog_expire_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	const char *lastdot = strrchr(var, '.');
+	const char *pattern, *key;
+	int pattern_len;
 	unsigned long expire;
 	int slot;
 	struct reflog_expire_cfg *ent;
 
-	if (!lastdot || prefixcmp(var, "gc."))
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "gc", &pattern, &pattern_len, &key) < 0)
 		return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 
-	if (!strcmp(lastdot, ".reflogexpire")) {
+	if (!strcmp(key, "reflogexpire")) {
 		slot = EXPIRE_TOTAL;
 		if (parse_expire_cfg_value(var, value, &expire))
 			return -1;
-	} else if (!strcmp(lastdot, ".reflogexpireunreachable")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(key, "reflogexpireunreachable")) {
 		slot = EXPIRE_UNREACH;
 		if (parse_expire_cfg_value(var, value, &expire))
 			return -1;
 	} else
 		return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 
-	if (lastdot == var + 2) {
+	if (!pattern) {
 		switch (slot) {
 		case EXPIRE_TOTAL:
 			default_reflog_expire = expire;
@@ -539,7 +540,7 @@ static int reflog_expire_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	ent = find_cfg_ent(var + 3, lastdot - (var+3));
+	ent = find_cfg_ent(pattern, pattern_len);
 	if (!ent)
 		return -1;
 	switch (slot) {
diff --git a/builtin/remote.c b/builtin/remote.c
index 937484d..5e54d36 100644
--- a/builtin/remote.c
+++ b/builtin/remote.c
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_add_usage,
 			     0);
 
-	if (argc < 2)
+	if (argc != 2)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_add_usage, options);
 
 	if (mirror && master)
diff --git a/builtin/reset.c b/builtin/reset.c
index 915cc9f..6032131 100644
--- a/builtin/reset.c
+++ b/builtin/reset.c
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 
 static const char * const git_reset_usage[] = {
 	N_("git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"),
-	N_("git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."),
-	N_("git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"),
+	N_("git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."),
+	N_("git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -38,14 +38,12 @@ static inline int is_merge(void)
 	return !access(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), F_OK);
 }
 
-static int reset_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet)
+static int reset_index(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet)
 {
 	int nr = 1;
-	int newfd;
 	struct tree_desc desc[2];
 	struct tree *tree;
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
-	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
 
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	opts.head_idx = 1;
@@ -67,8 +65,6 @@ static int reset_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet
 		opts.reset = 1;
 	}
 
-	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
-
 	read_cache_unmerged();
 
 	if (reset_type == KEEP) {
@@ -91,10 +87,6 @@ static int reset_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet
 		prime_cache_tree(&active_cache_tree, tree);
 	}
 
-	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-	    commit_locked_index(lock))
-		return error(_("Could not write new index file."));
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -117,36 +109,10 @@ static void print_new_head_line(struct commit *commit)
 		printf("\n");
 }
 
-static int update_index_refresh(int fd, struct lock_file *index_lock, int flags)
-{
-	int result;
-
-	if (!index_lock) {
-		index_lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-		fd = hold_locked_index(index_lock, 1);
-	}
-
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		return error(_("Could not read index"));
-
-	result = refresh_index(&the_index, (flags), NULL, NULL,
-			       _("Unstaged changes after reset:")) ? 1 : 0;
-	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-			commit_locked_index(index_lock))
-		return error ("Could not refresh index");
-	return result;
-}
-
 static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		struct diff_options *opt, void *data)
 {
 	int i;
-	int *discard_flag = data;
-
-	/* do_diff_cache() mangled the index */
-	discard_cache();
-	*discard_flag = 1;
-	read_cache();
 
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filespec *one = q->queue[i]->one;
@@ -164,32 +130,15 @@ static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 	}
 }
 
-static int interactive_reset(const char *revision, const char **argv,
-			     const char *prefix)
+static int read_from_tree(const char **pathspec, unsigned char *tree_sha1)
 {
-	const char **pathspec = NULL;
-
-	if (*argv)
-		pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
-
-	return run_add_interactive(revision, "--patch=reset", pathspec);
-}
-
-static int read_from_tree(const char *prefix, const char **argv,
-		unsigned char *tree_sha1, int refresh_flags)
-{
-	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-	int index_fd, index_was_discarded = 0;
 	struct diff_options opt;
 
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
-	diff_tree_setup_paths(get_pathspec(prefix, (const char **)argv), &opt);
+	diff_tree_setup_paths(pathspec, &opt);
 	opt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 	opt.format_callback = update_index_from_diff;
-	opt.format_callback_data = &index_was_discarded;
 
-	index_fd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
-	index_was_discarded = 0;
 	read_cache();
 	if (do_diff_cache(tree_sha1, &opt))
 		return 1;
@@ -197,10 +146,7 @@ static int read_from_tree(const char *prefix, const char **argv,
 	diff_flush(&opt);
 	diff_tree_release_paths(&opt);
 
-	if (!index_was_discarded)
-		/* The index is still clobbered from do_diff_cache() */
-		discard_cache();
-	return update_index_refresh(index_fd, lock, refresh_flags);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void set_reflog_message(struct strbuf *sb, const char *action,
@@ -225,15 +171,79 @@ static void die_if_unmerged_cache(int reset_type)
 
 }
 
-int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static const char **parse_args(const char **argv, const char *prefix, const char **rev_ret)
 {
-	int i = 0, reset_type = NONE, update_ref_status = 0, quiet = 0;
-	int patch_mode = 0;
 	const char *rev = "HEAD";
-	unsigned char sha1[20], *orig = NULL, sha1_orig[20],
-				*old_orig = NULL, sha1_old_orig[20];
-	struct commit *commit;
+	unsigned char unused[20];
+	/*
+	 * Possible arguments are:
+	 *
+	 * git reset [-opts] [<rev>]
+	 * git reset [-opts] <tree> [<paths>...]
+	 * git reset [-opts] <tree> -- [<paths>...]
+	 * git reset [-opts] -- [<paths>...]
+	 * git reset [-opts] <paths>...
+	 *
+	 * At this point, argv points immediately after [-opts].
+	 */
+
+	if (argv[0]) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "--")) {
+			argv++; /* reset to HEAD, possibly with paths */
+		} else if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "--")) {
+			rev = argv[0];
+			argv += 2;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Otherwise, argv[0] could be either <rev> or <paths> and
+		 * has to be unambiguous. If there is a single argument, it
+		 * can not be a tree
+		 */
+		else if ((!argv[1] && !get_sha1_committish(argv[0], unused)) ||
+			 (argv[1] && !get_sha1_treeish(argv[0], unused))) {
+			/*
+			 * Ok, argv[0] looks like a commit/tree; it should not
+			 * be a filename.
+			 */
+			verify_non_filename(prefix, argv[0]);
+			rev = *argv++;
+		} else {
+			/* Otherwise we treat this as a filename */
+			verify_filename(prefix, argv[0], 1);
+		}
+	}
+	*rev_ret = rev;
+	return argv[0] ? get_pathspec(prefix, argv) : NULL;
+}
+
+static int update_refs(const char *rev, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int update_ref_status;
 	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char *orig = NULL, sha1_orig[20],
+		*old_orig = NULL, sha1_old_orig[20];
+
+	if (!get_sha1("ORIG_HEAD", sha1_old_orig))
+		old_orig = sha1_old_orig;
+	if (!get_sha1("HEAD", sha1_orig)) {
+		orig = sha1_orig;
+		set_reflog_message(&msg, "updating ORIG_HEAD", NULL);
+		update_ref(msg.buf, "ORIG_HEAD", orig, old_orig, 0, MSG_ON_ERR);
+	} else if (old_orig)
+		delete_ref("ORIG_HEAD", old_orig, 0);
+	set_reflog_message(&msg, "updating HEAD", rev);
+	update_ref_status = update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", sha1, orig, 0, MSG_ON_ERR);
+	strbuf_release(&msg);
+	return update_ref_status;
+}
+
+int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int reset_type = NONE, update_ref_status = 0, quiet = 0;
+	int patch_mode = 0, unborn;
+	const char *rev;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	const char **pathspec = NULL;
 	const struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("be quiet, only report errors")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "mixed", &reset_type,
@@ -253,73 +263,45 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_reset_usage,
 						PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
-
-	/*
-	 * Possible arguments are:
-	 *
-	 * git reset [-opts] <rev> <paths>...
-	 * git reset [-opts] <rev> -- <paths>...
-	 * git reset [-opts] -- <paths>...
-	 * git reset [-opts] <paths>...
-	 *
-	 * At this point, argv[i] points immediately after [-opts].
-	 */
-
-	if (i < argc) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--")) {
-			i++; /* reset to HEAD, possibly with paths */
-		} else if (i + 1 < argc && !strcmp(argv[i+1], "--")) {
-			rev = argv[i];
-			i += 2;
-		}
-		/*
-		 * Otherwise, argv[i] could be either <rev> or <paths> and
-		 * has to be unambiguous.
-		 */
-		else if (!get_sha1_committish(argv[i], sha1)) {
-			/*
-			 * Ok, argv[i] looks like a rev; it should not
-			 * be a filename.
-			 */
-			verify_non_filename(prefix, argv[i]);
-			rev = argv[i++];
-		} else {
-			/* Otherwise we treat this as a filename */
-			verify_filename(prefix, argv[i], 1);
-		}
+	pathspec = parse_args(argv, prefix, &rev);
+
+	unborn = !strcmp(rev, "HEAD") && get_sha1("HEAD", sha1);
+	if (unborn) {
+		/* reset on unborn branch: treat as reset to empty tree */
+		hashcpy(sha1, EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+	} else if (!pathspec) {
+		struct commit *commit;
+		if (get_sha1_committish(rev, sha1))
+			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."), rev);
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+		if (!commit)
+			die(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), rev);
+		hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
+	} else {
+		struct tree *tree;
+		if (get_sha1_treeish(rev, sha1))
+			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."), rev);
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+		if (!tree)
+			die(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), rev);
+		hashcpy(sha1, tree->object.sha1);
 	}
 
-	if (get_sha1_committish(rev, sha1))
-		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), rev);
-
-	/*
-	 * NOTE: As "git reset $treeish -- $path" should be usable on
-	 * any tree-ish, this is not strictly correct. We are not
-	 * moving the HEAD to any commit; we are merely resetting the
-	 * entries in the index to that of a treeish.
-	 */
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-	if (!commit)
-		die(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), rev);
-	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
-
 	if (patch_mode) {
 		if (reset_type != NONE)
 			die(_("--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"));
-		return interactive_reset(rev, argv + i, prefix);
+		return run_add_interactive(sha1_to_hex(sha1), "--patch=reset", pathspec);
 	}
 
 	/* git reset tree [--] paths... can be used to
 	 * load chosen paths from the tree into the index without
 	 * affecting the working tree nor HEAD. */
-	if (i < argc) {
+	if (pathspec) {
 		if (reset_type == MIXED)
 			warning(_("--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."));
 		else if (reset_type != NONE)
 			die(_("Cannot do %s reset with paths."),
 					_(reset_type_names[reset_type]));
-		return read_from_tree(prefix, argv + i, sha1,
-				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
 	}
 	if (reset_type == NONE)
 		reset_type = MIXED; /* by default */
@@ -334,49 +316,44 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	/* Soft reset does not touch the index file nor the working tree
 	 * at all, but requires them in a good order.  Other resets reset
 	 * the index file to the tree object we are switching to. */
-	if (reset_type == SOFT)
+	if (reset_type == SOFT || reset_type == KEEP)
 		die_if_unmerged_cache(reset_type);
-	else {
-		int err;
-		if (reset_type == KEEP)
-			die_if_unmerged_cache(reset_type);
-		err = reset_index_file(sha1, reset_type, quiet);
-		if (reset_type == KEEP)
-			err = err || reset_index_file(sha1, MIXED, quiet);
-		if (err)
-			die(_("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."), rev);
-	}
 
-	/* Any resets update HEAD to the head being switched to,
-	 * saving the previous head in ORIG_HEAD before. */
-	if (!get_sha1("ORIG_HEAD", sha1_old_orig))
-		old_orig = sha1_old_orig;
-	if (!get_sha1("HEAD", sha1_orig)) {
-		orig = sha1_orig;
-		set_reflog_message(&msg, "updating ORIG_HEAD", NULL);
-		update_ref(msg.buf, "ORIG_HEAD", orig, old_orig, 0, MSG_ON_ERR);
-	}
-	else if (old_orig)
-		delete_ref("ORIG_HEAD", old_orig, 0);
-	set_reflog_message(&msg, "updating HEAD", rev);
-	update_ref_status = update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", sha1, orig, 0, MSG_ON_ERR);
+	if (reset_type != SOFT) {
+		struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+		int newfd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
+		if (reset_type == MIXED) {
+			if (read_from_tree(pathspec, sha1))
+				return 1;
+		} else {
+			int err = reset_index(sha1, reset_type, quiet);
+			if (reset_type == KEEP && !err)
+				err = reset_index(sha1, MIXED, quiet);
+			if (err)
+				die(_("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."), rev);
+		}
 
-	switch (reset_type) {
-	case HARD:
-		if (!update_ref_status && !quiet)
-			print_new_head_line(commit);
-		break;
-	case SOFT: /* Nothing else to do. */
-		break;
-	case MIXED: /* Report what has not been updated. */
-		update_index_refresh(0, NULL,
-				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
-		break;
+		if (reset_type == MIXED) { /* Report what has not been updated. */
+			int flags = quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN;
+			refresh_index(&the_index, flags, NULL, NULL,
+				      _("Unstaged changes after reset:"));
+		}
+
+		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+		    commit_locked_index(lock))
+			die(_("Could not write new index file."));
 	}
 
-	remove_branch_state();
+	if (!pathspec && !unborn) {
+		/* Any resets without paths update HEAD to the head being
+		 * switched to, saving the previous head in ORIG_HEAD before. */
+		update_ref_status = update_refs(rev, sha1);
 
-	strbuf_release(&msg);
+		if (reset_type == HARD && !update_ref_status && !quiet)
+			print_new_head_line(lookup_commit_reference(sha1));
+	}
+	if (!pathspec)
+		remove_branch_state();
 
 	return update_ref_status;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/revert.c b/builtin/revert.c
index c5e36b9..0401fdb 100644
--- a/builtin/revert.c
+++ b/builtin/revert.c
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@
  */
 
 static const char * const revert_usage[] = {
-	N_("git revert [options] <commit-ish>"),
+	N_("git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."),
 	N_("git revert <subcommand>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const cherry_pick_usage[] = {
-	N_("git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"),
+	N_("git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."),
 	N_("git cherry-pick <subcommand>"),
 	NULL
 };
diff --git a/builtin/rm.c b/builtin/rm.c
index dabfcf6..7b91d52 100644
--- a/builtin/rm.c
+++ b/builtin/rm.c
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 		ce = active_cache[pos];
 
 		if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
-			if (errno != ENOENT)
+			if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
 				warning("'%s': %s", ce->name, strerror(errno));
 			/* It already vanished from the working tree */
 			continue;
diff --git a/builtin/send-pack.c b/builtin/send-pack.c
index d342013..152c4ea 100644
--- a/builtin/send-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/send-pack.c
@@ -44,6 +44,21 @@ static void print_helper_status(struct ref *ref)
 			msg = "non-fast forward";
 			break;
 
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST:
+			res = "error";
+			msg = "fetch first";
+			break;
+
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE:
+			res = "error";
+			msg = "needs force";
+			break;
+
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS:
+			res = "error";
+			msg = "already exists";
+			break;
+
 		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE:
 		case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
 			res = "error";
@@ -64,7 +79,7 @@ static void print_helper_status(struct ref *ref)
 		}
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 
-		safe_write(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
+		write_or_die(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
@@ -85,7 +100,7 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int send_all = 0;
 	const char *receivepack = "git-receive-pack";
 	int flags;
-	int nonfastforward = 0;
+	unsigned int reject_reasons;
 	int progress = -1;
 
 	argv++;
@@ -192,7 +207,7 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	memset(&extra_have, 0, sizeof(extra_have));
 
-	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &remote_refs, REF_NORMAL, &extra_have);
+	get_remote_heads(fd[0], NULL, 0, &remote_refs, REF_NORMAL, &extra_have);
 
 	transport_verify_remote_names(nr_refspecs, refspecs);
 
@@ -223,7 +238,7 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	ret |= finish_connect(conn);
 
 	if (!helper_status)
-		transport_print_push_status(dest, remote_refs, args.verbose, 0, &nonfastforward);
+		transport_print_push_status(dest, remote_refs, args.verbose, 0, &reject_reasons);
 
 	if (!args.dry_run && remote) {
 		struct ref *ref;
diff --git a/builtin/shortlog.c b/builtin/shortlog.c
index 8360514..1fd6f8a 100644
--- a/builtin/shortlog.c
+++ b/builtin/shortlog.c
@@ -10,9 +10,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static char const * const shortlog_usage[] = {
-	N_("git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"),
-	"",
-	N_("[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"),
+	N_("git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -36,52 +34,28 @@ static void insert_one_record(struct shortlog *log,
 	const char *dot3 = log->common_repo_prefix;
 	char *buffer, *p;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
-	char namebuf[1024];
-	char emailbuf[1024];
-	size_t len;
+	const char *mailbuf, *namebuf;
+	size_t namelen, maillen;
 	const char *eol;
-	const char *boemail, *eoemail;
 	struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf namemailbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ident_split ident;
 
-	boemail = strchr(author, '<');
-	if (!boemail)
-		return;
-	eoemail = strchr(boemail, '>');
-	if (!eoemail)
+	if (split_ident_line(&ident, author, strlen(author)))
 		return;
 
-	/* copy author name to namebuf, to support matching on both name and email */
-	memcpy(namebuf, author, boemail - author);
-	len = boemail - author;
-	while (len > 0 && isspace(namebuf[len-1]))
-		len--;
-	namebuf[len] = 0;
-
-	/* copy email name to emailbuf, to allow email replacement as well */
-	memcpy(emailbuf, boemail+1, eoemail - boemail);
-	emailbuf[eoemail - boemail - 1] = 0;
-
-	if (!map_user(&log->mailmap, emailbuf, sizeof(emailbuf), namebuf, sizeof(namebuf))) {
-		while (author < boemail && isspace(*author))
-			author++;
-		for (len = 0;
-		     len < sizeof(namebuf) - 1 && author + len < boemail;
-		     len++)
-			namebuf[len] = author[len];
-		while (0 < len && isspace(namebuf[len-1]))
-			len--;
-		namebuf[len] = '\0';
-	}
-	else
-		len = strlen(namebuf);
+	namebuf = ident.name_begin;
+	mailbuf = ident.mail_begin;
+	namelen = ident.name_end - ident.name_begin;
+	maillen = ident.mail_end - ident.mail_begin;
 
-	if (log->email) {
-		size_t room = sizeof(namebuf) - len - 1;
-		int maillen = strlen(emailbuf);
-		snprintf(namebuf + len, room, " <%.*s>", maillen, emailbuf);
-	}
+	map_user(&log->mailmap, &mailbuf, &maillen, &namebuf, &namelen);
+	strbuf_add(&namemailbuf, namebuf, namelen);
+
+	if (log->email)
+		strbuf_addf(&namemailbuf, " <%.*s>", (int)maillen, mailbuf);
 
-	item = string_list_insert(&log->list, namebuf);
+	item = string_list_insert(&log->list, namemailbuf.buf);
 	if (item->util == NULL)
 		item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
 
diff --git a/builtin/show-branch.c b/builtin/show-branch.c
index d208fd6..90fc6b1 100644
--- a/builtin/show-branch.c
+++ b/builtin/show-branch.c
@@ -162,29 +162,28 @@ static void name_commits(struct commit_list *list,
 			nth = 0;
 			while (parents) {
 				struct commit *p = parents->item;
-				char newname[1000], *en;
+				struct strbuf newname = STRBUF_INIT;
 				parents = parents->next;
 				nth++;
 				if (p->util)
 					continue;
-				en = newname;
 				switch (n->generation) {
 				case 0:
-					en += sprintf(en, "%s", n->head_name);
+					strbuf_addstr(&newname, n->head_name);
 					break;
 				case 1:
-					en += sprintf(en, "%s^", n->head_name);
+					strbuf_addf(&newname, "%s^", n->head_name);
 					break;
 				default:
-					en += sprintf(en, "%s~%d",
-						n->head_name, n->generation);
+					strbuf_addf(&newname, "%s~%d",
+						    n->head_name, n->generation);
 					break;
 				}
 				if (nth == 1)
-					en += sprintf(en, "^");
+					strbuf_addch(&newname, '^');
 				else
-					en += sprintf(en, "^%d", nth);
-				name_commit(p, xstrdup(newname), 0);
+					strbuf_addf(&newname, "^%d", nth);
+				name_commit(p, strbuf_detach(&newname, NULL), 0);
 				i++;
 				name_first_parent_chain(p);
 			}
diff --git a/builtin/stripspace.c b/builtin/stripspace.c
index f16986c..e981dfb 100644
--- a/builtin/stripspace.c
+++ b/builtin/stripspace.c
@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@ static size_t cleanup(char *line, size_t len)
  *
  * If last line does not have a newline at the end, one is added.
  *
- * Enable skip_comments to skip every line starting with "#".
+ * Enable skip_comments to skip every line starting with comment
+ * character.
  */
 void stripspace(struct strbuf *sb, int skip_comments)
 {
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ void stripspace(struct strbuf *sb, int skip_comments)
 		eol = memchr(sb->buf + i, '\n', sb->len - i);
 		len = eol ? eol - (sb->buf + i) + 1 : sb->len - i;
 
-		if (skip_comments && len && sb->buf[i] == '#') {
+		if (skip_comments && len && sb->buf[i] == comment_line_char) {
 			newlen = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -66,21 +67,53 @@ void stripspace(struct strbuf *sb, int skip_comments)
 	strbuf_setlen(sb, j);
 }
 
+static void comment_lines(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	char *msg;
+	size_t len;
+
+	msg = strbuf_detach(buf, &len);
+	strbuf_add_commented_lines(buf, msg, len);
+	free(msg);
+}
+
+static const char *usage_msg = "\n"
+"  git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments] < input\n"
+"  git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines] < input";
+
 int cmd_stripspace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int strip_comments = 0;
+	enum { INVAL = 0, STRIP_SPACE = 1, COMMENT_LINES = 2 } mode = STRIP_SPACE;
+
+	if (argc == 2) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s") ||
+			!strcmp(argv[1], "--strip-comments")) {
+			 strip_comments = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-c") ||
+					 !strcmp(argv[1], "--comment-lines")) {
+			 mode = COMMENT_LINES;
+		} else {
+			mode = INVAL;
+		}
+	} else if (argc > 1) {
+		mode = INVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (mode == INVAL)
+		usage(usage_msg);
 
-	if (argc == 2 && (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[1], "--strip-comments")))
-		strip_comments = 1;
-	else if (argc > 1)
-		usage("git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments] < input");
+	if (strip_comments || mode == COMMENT_LINES)
+		git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0)
 		die_errno("could not read the input");
 
-	stripspace(&buf, strip_comments);
+	if (mode == STRIP_SPACE)
+		stripspace(&buf, strip_comments);
+	else
+		comment_lines(&buf);
 
 	write_or_die(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
diff --git a/builtin/tag.c b/builtin/tag.c
index 9c3e067..af3af3f 100644
--- a/builtin/tag.c
+++ b/builtin/tag.c
@@ -246,19 +246,13 @@ static int do_sign(struct strbuf *buffer)
 }
 
 static const char tag_template[] =
-	N_("\n"
-	"#\n"
-	"# Write a tag message\n"
-	"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
-	"#\n");
+	N_("\nWrite a tag message\n"
+	"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n");
 
 static const char tag_template_nocleanup[] =
-	N_("\n"
-	"#\n"
-	"# Write a tag message\n"
-	"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them"
-	" yourself if you want to.\n"
-	"#\n");
+	N_("\nWrite a tag message\n"
+	"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them"
+	" yourself if you want to.\n");
 
 static int git_tag_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
@@ -346,14 +340,18 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 		if (fd < 0)
 			die_errno(_("could not create file '%s'"), path);
 
-		if (!is_null_sha1(prev))
+		if (!is_null_sha1(prev)) {
 			write_tag_body(fd, prev);
-		else if (opt->cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL)
-			write_or_die(fd, _(tag_template),
-					strlen(_(tag_template)));
-		else
-			write_or_die(fd, _(tag_template_nocleanup),
-					strlen(_(tag_template_nocleanup)));
+		} else {
+			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+			if (opt->cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL)
+				strbuf_commented_addf(&buf, _(tag_template), comment_line_char);
+			else
+				strbuf_commented_addf(&buf, _(tag_template_nocleanup), comment_line_char);
+			write_or_die(fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
+			strbuf_release(&buf);
+		}
 		close(fd);
 
 		if (launch_editor(path, buf, NULL)) {
@@ -584,7 +582,7 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		die(_("%s: cannot lock the ref"), ref.buf);
 	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, object, NULL) < 0)
 		die(_("%s: cannot update the ref"), ref.buf);
-	if (force && hashcmp(prev, object))
+	if (force && !is_null_sha1(prev) && hashcmp(prev, object))
 		printf(_("Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"), tag, find_unique_abbrev(prev, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
diff --git a/builtin/upload-archive.c b/builtin/upload-archive.c
index b928beb..af2da35 100644
--- a/builtin/upload-archive.c
+++ b/builtin/upload-archive.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 
 static const char upload_archive_usage[] =
 	"git upload-archive <repo>";
@@ -18,51 +19,31 @@ static const char deadchild[] =
 
 int cmd_upload_archive_writer(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	const char *sent_argv[MAX_ARGS];
+	struct argv_array sent_argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 	const char *arg_cmd = "argument ";
-	char *p, buf[4096];
-	int sent_argc;
-	int len;
 
 	if (argc != 2)
 		usage(upload_archive_usage);
 
-	if (strlen(argv[1]) + 1 > sizeof(buf))
-		die("insanely long repository name");
-
-	strcpy(buf, argv[1]); /* enter-repo smudges its argument */
-
-	if (!enter_repo(buf, 0))
-		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", buf);
+	if (!enter_repo(argv[1], 0))
+		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", argv[1]);
 
 	/* put received options in sent_argv[] */
-	sent_argc = 1;
-	sent_argv[0] = "git-upload-archive";
-	for (p = buf;;) {
-		/* This will die if not enough free space in buf */
-		len = packet_read_line(0, p, (buf + sizeof buf) - p);
-		if (len == 0)
+	argv_array_push(&sent_argv, "git-upload-archive");
+	for (;;) {
+		char *buf = packet_read_line(0, NULL);
+		if (!buf)
 			break;	/* got a flush */
-		if (sent_argc > MAX_ARGS - 2)
-			die("Too many options (>%d)", MAX_ARGS - 2);
+		if (sent_argv.argc > MAX_ARGS)
+			die("Too many options (>%d)", MAX_ARGS - 1);
 
-		if (p[len-1] == '\n') {
-			p[--len] = 0;
-		}
-		if (len < strlen(arg_cmd) ||
-		    strncmp(arg_cmd, p, strlen(arg_cmd)))
+		if (prefixcmp(buf, arg_cmd))
 			die("'argument' token or flush expected");
-
-		len -= strlen(arg_cmd);
-		memmove(p, p + strlen(arg_cmd), len);
-		sent_argv[sent_argc++] = p;
-		p += len;
-		*p++ = 0;
+		argv_array_push(&sent_argv, buf + strlen(arg_cmd));
 	}
-	sent_argv[sent_argc] = NULL;
 
 	/* parse all options sent by the client */
-	return write_archive(sent_argc, sent_argv, prefix, 0, NULL, 1);
+	return write_archive(sent_argv.argc, sent_argv.argv, prefix, 0, NULL, 1);
 }
 
 __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
diff --git a/builtin/verify-tag.c b/builtin/verify-tag.c
index a8eee88..9cdf332 100644
--- a/builtin/verify-tag.c
+++ b/builtin/verify-tag.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ static int run_gpg_verify(const char *buf, unsigned long size, int verbose)
 	if (size == len)
 		return error("no signature found");
 
-	return verify_signed_buffer(buf, len, buf + len, size - len, NULL);
+	return verify_signed_buffer(buf, len, buf + len, size - len, NULL, NULL);
 }
 
 static int verify_tag(const char *name, int verbose)
diff --git a/bundle.c b/bundle.c
index 505e07e..4b0e5cd 100644
--- a/bundle.c
+++ b/bundle.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ static int parse_bundle_header(int fd, struct bundle_header *header,
 		 * followed by SP and subject line.
 		 */
 		if (get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, sha1) ||
-		    (40 <= buf.len && !isspace(buf.buf[40])) ||
+		    (buf.len > 40 && !isspace(buf.buf[40])) ||
 		    (!is_prereq && buf.len <= 40)) {
 			if (report_path)
 				error(_("unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"),
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index f43f6d9..7ce9061 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ int git_inflate(git_zstream *, int flush);
 
 void git_deflate_init(git_zstream *, int level);
 void git_deflate_init_gzip(git_zstream *, int level);
+void git_deflate_init_raw(git_zstream *, int level);
 void git_deflate_end(git_zstream *);
 int git_deflate_abort(git_zstream *);
 int git_deflate_end_gently(git_zstream *);
@@ -161,6 +162,9 @@ struct cache_entry {
 #define CE_UNPACKED          (1 << 24)
 #define CE_NEW_SKIP_WORKTREE (1 << 25)
 
+/* used to temporarily mark paths matched by pathspecs */
+#define CE_MATCHED           (1 << 26)
+
 /*
  * Extended on-disk flags
  */
@@ -307,6 +311,7 @@ extern void free_name_hash(struct index_state *istate);
 #define resolve_undo_clear() resolve_undo_clear_index(&the_index)
 #define unmerge_cache_entry_at(at) unmerge_index_entry_at(&the_index, at)
 #define unmerge_cache(pathspec) unmerge_index(&the_index, pathspec)
+#define read_blob_data_from_cache(path, sz) read_blob_data_from_index(&the_index, (path), (sz))
 #endif
 
 enum object_type {
@@ -330,9 +335,11 @@ static inline enum object_type object_type(unsigned int mode)
 		OBJ_BLOB;
 }
 
+/* Double-check local_repo_env below if you add to this list. */
 #define GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_DIR"
 #define GIT_NAMESPACE_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NAMESPACE"
 #define GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_WORK_TREE"
+#define GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_PREFIX"
 #define DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT ".git"
 #define DB_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY"
 #define INDEX_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_INDEX_FILE"
@@ -351,15 +358,27 @@ static inline enum object_type object_type(unsigned int mode)
 #define GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF"
 #define GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF"
 #define GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE"
+#define GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS"
 
 /*
- * Repository-local GIT_* environment variables
- * The array is NULL-terminated to simplify its usage in contexts such
- * environment creation or simple walk of the list.
- * The number of non-NULL entries is available as a macro.
+ * This environment variable is expected to contain a boolean indicating
+ * whether we should or should not treat:
+ *
+ *   GIT_DIR=foo.git git ...
+ *
+ * as if GIT_WORK_TREE=. was given. It's not expected that users will make use
+ * of this, but we use it internally to communicate to sub-processes that we
+ * are in a bare repo. If not set, defaults to true.
  */
-#define LOCAL_REPO_ENV_SIZE 9
-extern const char *const local_repo_env[LOCAL_REPO_ENV_SIZE + 1];
+#define GIT_IMPLICIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_IMPLICIT_WORK_TREE"
+
+/*
+ * Repository-local GIT_* environment variables; these will be cleared
+ * when git spawns a sub-process that runs inside another repository.
+ * The array is NULL-terminated, which makes it easy to pass in the "env"
+ * parameter of a run-command invocation, or to do a simple walk.
+ */
+extern const char * const local_repo_env[];
 
 extern int is_bare_repository_cfg;
 extern int is_bare_repository(void);
@@ -447,11 +466,13 @@ extern int remove_file_from_index(struct index_state *, const char *path);
 #define ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_ERRORS	4
 #define ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL 8
 #define ADD_CACHE_INTENT 16
+#define ADD_CACHE_IMPLICIT_DOT 32	/* internal to "git add -u/-A" */
 extern int add_to_index(struct index_state *, const char *path, struct stat *, int flags);
 extern int add_file_to_index(struct index_state *, const char *path, int flags);
 extern struct cache_entry *make_cache_entry(unsigned int mode, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, int stage, int refresh);
 extern int ce_same_name(struct cache_entry *a, struct cache_entry *b);
 extern int index_name_is_other(const struct index_state *, const char *, int);
+extern void *read_blob_data_from_index(struct index_state *, const char *, unsigned long *);
 
 /* do stat comparison even if CE_VALID is true */
 #define CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID		01
@@ -462,6 +483,8 @@ extern int index_name_is_other(const struct index_state *, const char *, int);
 extern int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
 extern int ie_modified(const struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
 
+#define PATHSPEC_ONESTAR 1	/* the pathspec pattern sastisfies GFNM_ONESTAR */
+
 struct pathspec {
 	const char **raw; /* get_pathspec() result, not freed by free_pathspec() */
 	int nr;
@@ -471,7 +494,8 @@ struct pathspec {
 	struct pathspec_item {
 		const char *match;
 		int len;
-		unsigned int use_wildcard:1;
+		int nowildcard_len;
+		int flags;
 	} *items;
 };
 
@@ -479,6 +503,8 @@ extern int init_pathspec(struct pathspec *, const char **);
 extern void free_pathspec(struct pathspec *);
 extern int ce_path_match(const struct cache_entry *ce, const struct pathspec *pathspec);
 
+extern int limit_pathspec_to_literal(void);
+
 #define HASH_WRITE_OBJECT 1
 #define HASH_FORMAT_CHECK 2
 extern int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, enum object_type type, const char *path, unsigned flags);
@@ -519,6 +545,7 @@ extern int delete_ref(const char *, const unsigned char *sha1, int delopt);
 /* Environment bits from configuration mechanism */
 extern int trust_executable_bit;
 extern int trust_ctime;
+extern int check_stat;
 extern int quote_path_fully;
 extern int has_symlinks;
 extern int minimum_abbrev, default_abbrev;
@@ -545,6 +572,12 @@ extern int core_preload_index;
 extern int core_apply_sparse_checkout;
 extern int precomposed_unicode;
 
+/*
+ * The character that begins a commented line in user-editable file
+ * that is subject to stripspace.
+ */
+extern char comment_line_char;
+
 enum branch_track {
 	BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED = -1,
 	BRANCH_TRACK_NEVER = 0,
@@ -689,8 +722,7 @@ enum sharedrepo {
 	PERM_EVERYBODY      = 0664
 };
 int git_config_perm(const char *var, const char *value);
-int set_shared_perm(const char *path, int mode);
-#define adjust_shared_perm(path) set_shared_perm((path), 0)
+int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path);
 int safe_create_leading_directories(char *path);
 int safe_create_leading_directories_const(const char *path);
 int mkdir_in_gitdir(const char *path);
@@ -990,15 +1022,20 @@ struct ref {
 	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
 	unsigned char new_sha1[20];
 	char *symref;
-	unsigned int force:1,
+	unsigned int
+		force:1,
+		forced_update:1,
 		merge:1,
-		nonfastforward:1,
-		deletion:1;
+		deletion:1,
+		matched:1;
 	enum {
 		REF_STATUS_NONE = 0,
 		REF_STATUS_OK,
 		REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD,
+		REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS,
 		REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE,
+		REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST,
+		REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE,
 		REF_STATUS_UPTODATE,
 		REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT,
 		REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT
@@ -1022,7 +1059,9 @@ struct extra_have_objects {
 	int nr, alloc;
 	unsigned char (*array)[20];
 };
-extern struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, struct ref **list, unsigned int flags, struct extra_have_objects *);
+extern struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, char *src_buf, size_t src_len,
+				     struct ref **list, unsigned int flags,
+				     struct extra_have_objects *);
 extern int server_supports(const char *feature);
 extern int parse_feature_request(const char *features, const char *feature);
 extern const char *server_feature_value(const char *feature, int *len_ret);
@@ -1030,6 +1069,9 @@ extern const char *parse_feature_value(const char *feature_list, const char *fea
 
 extern struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *idx_path);
 
+/* A hook for count-objects to report invalid files in pack directory */
+extern void (*report_garbage)(const char *desc, const char *path);
+
 extern void prepare_packed_git(void);
 extern void reprepare_packed_git(void);
 extern void install_packed_git(struct packed_git *pack);
@@ -1127,6 +1169,9 @@ extern int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value, v
 extern int git_env_bool(const char *, int);
 extern int git_config_system(void);
 extern int config_error_nonbool(const char *);
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ! defined(__clang__)
+#define config_error_nonbool(s) (config_error_nonbool(s), -1)
+#endif
 extern const char *get_log_output_encoding(void);
 extern const char *get_commit_output_encoding(void);
 
@@ -1140,12 +1185,28 @@ struct config_include_data {
 #define CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT { 0 }
 extern int git_config_include(const char *name, const char *value, void *data);
 
+/*
+ * Match and parse a config key of the form:
+ *
+ *   section.(subsection.)?key
+ *
+ * (i.e., what gets handed to a config_fn_t). The caller provides the section;
+ * we return -1 if it does not match, 0 otherwise. The subsection and key
+ * out-parameters are filled by the function (and subsection is NULL if it is
+ * missing).
+ */
+extern int parse_config_key(const char *var,
+			    const char *section,
+			    const char **subsection, int *subsection_len,
+			    const char **key);
+
 extern int committer_ident_sufficiently_given(void);
 extern int author_ident_sufficiently_given(void);
 
 extern const char *git_commit_encoding;
 extern const char *git_log_output_encoding;
 extern const char *git_mailmap_file;
+extern const char *git_mailmap_blob;
 
 /* IO helper functions */
 extern void maybe_flush_or_die(FILE *, const char *);
diff --git a/combine-diff.c b/combine-diff.c
index 7f6187f..77d7872 100644
--- a/combine-diff.c
+++ b/combine-diff.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "diffcore.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "xdiff/xmacros.h"
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
@@ -73,16 +74,24 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *intersect_paths(struct combine_diff_path *curr,
 
 /* Lines lost from parent */
 struct lline {
-	struct lline *next;
+	struct lline *next, *prev;
 	int len;
 	unsigned long parent_map;
 	char line[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
 
+/* Lines lost from current parent (before coalescing) */
+struct plost {
+	struct lline *lost_head, *lost_tail;
+	int len;
+};
+
 /* Lines surviving in the merge result */
 struct sline {
-	struct lline *lost_head, **lost_tail;
-	struct lline *next_lost;
+	/* Accumulated and coalesced lost lines */
+	struct lline *lost;
+	int lenlost;
+	struct plost plost;
 	char *bol;
 	int len;
 	/* bit 0 up to (N-1) are on if the parent has this line (i.e.
@@ -94,6 +103,172 @@ struct sline {
 	unsigned long *p_lno;
 };
 
+static int match_string_spaces(const char *line1, int len1,
+			       const char *line2, int len2,
+			       long flags)
+{
+	if (flags & XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS) {
+		for (; len1 > 0 && XDL_ISSPACE(line1[len1 - 1]); len1--);
+		for (; len2 > 0 && XDL_ISSPACE(line2[len2 - 1]); len2--);
+	}
+
+	if (!(flags & (XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE | XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE)))
+		return (len1 == len2 && !memcmp(line1, line2, len1));
+
+	while (len1 > 0 && len2 > 0) {
+		len1--;
+		len2--;
+		if (XDL_ISSPACE(line1[len1]) || XDL_ISSPACE(line2[len2])) {
+			if ((flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE) &&
+			    (!XDL_ISSPACE(line1[len1]) || !XDL_ISSPACE(line2[len2])))
+				return 0;
+
+			for (; len1 > 0 && XDL_ISSPACE(line1[len1]); len1--);
+			for (; len2 > 0 && XDL_ISSPACE(line2[len2]); len2--);
+		}
+		if (line1[len1] != line2[len2])
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE) {
+		/* Consume remaining spaces */
+		for (; len1 > 0 && XDL_ISSPACE(line1[len1 - 1]); len1--);
+		for (; len2 > 0 && XDL_ISSPACE(line2[len2 - 1]); len2--);
+	}
+
+	/* We matched full line1 and line2 */
+	if (!len1 && !len2)
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+enum coalesce_direction { MATCH, BASE, NEW };
+
+/* Coalesce new lines into base by finding LCS */
+static struct lline *coalesce_lines(struct lline *base, int *lenbase,
+				    struct lline *new, int lennew,
+				    unsigned long parent, long flags)
+{
+	int **lcs;
+	enum coalesce_direction **directions;
+	struct lline *baseend, *newend = NULL;
+	int i, j, origbaselen = *lenbase;
+
+	if (new == NULL)
+		return base;
+
+	if (base == NULL) {
+		*lenbase = lennew;
+		return new;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Coalesce new lines into base by finding the LCS
+	 * - Create the table to run dynamic programing
+	 * - Compute the LCS
+	 * - Then reverse read the direction structure:
+	 *   - If we have MATCH, assign parent to base flag, and consume
+	 *   both baseend and newend
+	 *   - Else if we have BASE, consume baseend
+	 *   - Else if we have NEW, insert newend lline into base and
+	 *   consume newend
+	 */
+	lcs = xcalloc(origbaselen + 1, sizeof(int*));
+	directions = xcalloc(origbaselen + 1, sizeof(enum coalesce_direction*));
+	for (i = 0; i < origbaselen + 1; i++) {
+		lcs[i] = xcalloc(lennew + 1, sizeof(int));
+		directions[i] = xcalloc(lennew + 1, sizeof(enum coalesce_direction));
+		directions[i][0] = BASE;
+	}
+	for (j = 1; j < lennew + 1; j++)
+		directions[0][j] = NEW;
+
+	for (i = 1, baseend = base; i < origbaselen + 1; i++) {
+		for (j = 1, newend = new; j < lennew + 1; j++) {
+			if (match_string_spaces(baseend->line, baseend->len,
+						newend->line, newend->len, flags)) {
+				lcs[i][j] = lcs[i - 1][j - 1] + 1;
+				directions[i][j] = MATCH;
+			} else if (lcs[i][j - 1] >= lcs[i - 1][j]) {
+				lcs[i][j] = lcs[i][j - 1];
+				directions[i][j] = NEW;
+			} else {
+				lcs[i][j] = lcs[i - 1][j];
+				directions[i][j] = BASE;
+			}
+			if (newend->next)
+				newend = newend->next;
+		}
+		if (baseend->next)
+			baseend = baseend->next;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < origbaselen + 1; i++)
+		free(lcs[i]);
+	free(lcs);
+
+	/* At this point, baseend and newend point to the end of each lists */
+	i--;
+	j--;
+	while (i != 0 || j != 0) {
+		if (directions[i][j] == MATCH) {
+			baseend->parent_map |= 1<<parent;
+			baseend = baseend->prev;
+			newend = newend->prev;
+			i--;
+			j--;
+		} else if (directions[i][j] == NEW) {
+			struct lline *lline;
+
+			lline = newend;
+			/* Remove lline from new list and update newend */
+			if (lline->prev)
+				lline->prev->next = lline->next;
+			else
+				new = lline->next;
+			if (lline->next)
+				lline->next->prev = lline->prev;
+
+			newend = lline->prev;
+			j--;
+
+			/* Add lline to base list */
+			if (baseend) {
+				lline->next = baseend->next;
+				lline->prev = baseend;
+				if (lline->prev)
+					lline->prev->next = lline;
+			}
+			else {
+				lline->next = base;
+				base = lline;
+			}
+			(*lenbase)++;
+
+			if (lline->next)
+				lline->next->prev = lline;
+
+		} else {
+			baseend = baseend->prev;
+			i--;
+		}
+	}
+
+	newend = new;
+	while (newend) {
+		struct lline *lline = newend;
+		newend = newend->next;
+		free(lline);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < origbaselen + 1; i++)
+		free(directions[i]);
+	free(directions);
+
+	return base;
+}
+
 static char *grab_blob(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int mode,
 		       unsigned long *size, struct userdiff_driver *textconv,
 		       const char *path)
@@ -129,29 +304,19 @@ static void append_lost(struct sline *sline, int n, const char *line, int len)
 	if (line[len-1] == '\n')
 		len--;
 
-	/* Check to see if we can squash things */
-	if (sline->lost_head) {
-		lline = sline->next_lost;
-		while (lline) {
-			if (lline->len == len &&
-			    !memcmp(lline->line, line, len)) {
-				lline->parent_map |= this_mask;
-				sline->next_lost = lline->next;
-				return;
-			}
-			lline = lline->next;
-		}
-	}
-
 	lline = xmalloc(sizeof(*lline) + len + 1);
 	lline->len = len;
 	lline->next = NULL;
+	lline->prev = sline->plost.lost_tail;
+	if (lline->prev)
+		lline->prev->next = lline;
+	else
+		sline->plost.lost_head = lline;
+	sline->plost.lost_tail = lline;
+	sline->plost.len++;
 	lline->parent_map = this_mask;
 	memcpy(lline->line, line, len);
 	lline->line[len] = 0;
-	*sline->lost_tail = lline;
-	sline->lost_tail = &lline->next;
-	sline->next_lost = NULL;
 }
 
 struct combine_diff_state {
@@ -194,7 +359,6 @@ static void consume_line(void *state_, char *line, unsigned long len)
 				xcalloc(state->num_parent,
 					sizeof(unsigned long));
 		state->sline[state->nb-1].p_lno[state->n] = state->ob;
-		state->lost_bucket->next_lost = state->lost_bucket->lost_head;
 		return;
 	}
 	if (!state->lost_bucket)
@@ -215,7 +379,7 @@ static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, unsigned int mode,
 			 struct sline *sline, unsigned int cnt, int n,
 			 int num_parent, int result_deleted,
 			 struct userdiff_driver *textconv,
-			 const char *path)
+			 const char *path, long flags)
 {
 	unsigned int p_lno, lno;
 	unsigned long nmask = (1UL << n);
@@ -231,7 +395,7 @@ static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, unsigned int mode,
 	parent_file.ptr = grab_blob(parent, mode, &sz, textconv, path);
 	parent_file.size = sz;
 	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
-	xpp.flags = 0;
+	xpp.flags = flags;
 	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
 	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
 	state.nmask = nmask;
@@ -255,8 +419,18 @@ static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, unsigned int mode,
 		struct lline *ll;
 		sline[lno].p_lno[n] = p_lno;
 
+		/* Coalesce new lines */
+		if (sline[lno].plost.lost_head) {
+			struct sline *sl = &sline[lno];
+			sl->lost = coalesce_lines(sl->lost, &sl->lenlost,
+						  sl->plost.lost_head,
+						  sl->plost.len, n, flags);
+			sl->plost.lost_head = sl->plost.lost_tail = NULL;
+			sl->plost.len = 0;
+		}
+
 		/* How many lines would this sline advance the p_lno? */
-		ll = sline[lno].lost_head;
+		ll = sline[lno].lost;
 		while (ll) {
 			if (ll->parent_map & nmask)
 				p_lno++; /* '-' means parent had it */
@@ -276,7 +450,7 @@ static int interesting(struct sline *sline, unsigned long all_mask)
 	/* If some parents lost lines here, or if we have added to
 	 * some parent, it is interesting.
 	 */
-	return ((sline->flag & all_mask) || sline->lost_head);
+	return ((sline->flag & all_mask) || sline->lost);
 }
 
 static unsigned long adjust_hunk_tail(struct sline *sline,
@@ -459,7 +633,7 @@ static int make_hunks(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt,
 		has_interesting = 0;
 		for (j = i; j < hunk_end && !has_interesting; j++) {
 			unsigned long this_diff = sline[j].flag & all_mask;
-			struct lline *ll = sline[j].lost_head;
+			struct lline *ll = sline[j].lost;
 			if (this_diff) {
 				/* This has some changes.  Is it the
 				 * same as others?
@@ -526,7 +700,8 @@ static void show_line_to_eol(const char *line, int len, const char *reset)
 	       saw_cr_at_eol ? "\r" : "");
 }
 
-static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
+static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, const char *line_prefix,
+		       unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 		       int use_color, int result_deleted)
 {
 	unsigned long mark = (1UL<<num_parent);
@@ -582,7 +757,7 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 			rlines -= null_context;
 		}
 
-		fputs(c_frag, stdout);
+		printf("%s%s", line_prefix, c_frag);
 		for (i = 0; i <= num_parent; i++) putchar(combine_marker);
 		for (i = 0; i < num_parent; i++)
 			show_parent_lno(sline, lno, hunk_end, i, null_context);
@@ -612,9 +787,9 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 			int j;
 			unsigned long p_mask;
 			struct sline *sl = &sline[lno++];
-			ll = (sl->flag & no_pre_delete) ? NULL : sl->lost_head;
+			ll = (sl->flag & no_pre_delete) ? NULL : sl->lost;
 			while (ll) {
-				fputs(c_old, stdout);
+				printf("%s%s", line_prefix, c_old);
 				for (j = 0; j < num_parent; j++) {
 					if (ll->parent_map & (1UL<<j))
 						putchar('-');
@@ -627,6 +802,7 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 			if (cnt < lno)
 				break;
 			p_mask = 1;
+			fputs(line_prefix, stdout);
 			if (!(sl->flag & (mark-1))) {
 				/*
 				 * This sline was here to hang the
@@ -662,7 +838,7 @@ static void reuse_combine_diff(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt,
 	jmask = (1UL<<j);
 
 	for (lno = 0; lno <= cnt; lno++) {
-		struct lline *ll = sline->lost_head;
+		struct lline *ll = sline->lost;
 		sline->p_lno[i] = sline->p_lno[j];
 		while (ll) {
 			if (ll->parent_map & jmask)
@@ -680,11 +856,13 @@ static void reuse_combine_diff(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt,
 static void dump_quoted_path(const char *head,
 			     const char *prefix,
 			     const char *path,
+			     const char *line_prefix,
 			     const char *c_meta, const char *c_reset)
 {
 	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, line_prefix);
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, c_meta);
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, head);
 	quote_two_c_style(&buf, prefix, path, 0);
@@ -696,6 +874,7 @@ static void show_combined_header(struct combine_diff_path *elem,
 				 int num_parent,
 				 int dense,
 				 struct rev_info *rev,
+				 const char *line_prefix,
 				 int mode_differs,
 				 int show_file_header)
 {
@@ -714,8 +893,8 @@ static void show_combined_header(struct combine_diff_path *elem,
 		show_log(rev);
 
 	dump_quoted_path(dense ? "diff --cc " : "diff --combined ",
-			 "", elem->path, c_meta, c_reset);
-	printf("%sindex ", c_meta);
+			 "", elem->path, line_prefix, c_meta, c_reset);
+	printf("%s%sindex ", line_prefix, c_meta);
 	for (i = 0; i < num_parent; i++) {
 		abb = find_unique_abbrev(elem->parent[i].sha1,
 					 abbrev);
@@ -734,11 +913,12 @@ static void show_combined_header(struct combine_diff_path *elem,
 			    DIFF_STATUS_ADDED)
 				added = 0;
 		if (added)
-			printf("%snew file mode %06o",
-			       c_meta, elem->mode);
+			printf("%s%snew file mode %06o",
+			       line_prefix, c_meta, elem->mode);
 		else {
 			if (deleted)
-				printf("%sdeleted file ", c_meta);
+				printf("%s%sdeleted file ",
+				       line_prefix, c_meta);
 			printf("mode ");
 			for (i = 0; i < num_parent; i++) {
 				printf("%s%06o", i ? "," : "",
@@ -755,16 +935,16 @@ static void show_combined_header(struct combine_diff_path *elem,
 
 	if (added)
 		dump_quoted_path("--- ", "", "/dev/null",
-				 c_meta, c_reset);
+				 line_prefix, c_meta, c_reset);
 	else
 		dump_quoted_path("--- ", a_prefix, elem->path,
-				 c_meta, c_reset);
+				 line_prefix, c_meta, c_reset);
 	if (deleted)
 		dump_quoted_path("+++ ", "", "/dev/null",
-				 c_meta, c_reset);
+				 line_prefix, c_meta, c_reset);
 	else
 		dump_quoted_path("+++ ", b_prefix, elem->path,
-				 c_meta, c_reset);
+				 line_prefix, c_meta, c_reset);
 }
 
 static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
@@ -782,6 +962,7 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 	struct userdiff_driver *userdiff;
 	struct userdiff_driver *textconv = NULL;
 	int is_binary;
+	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(opt);
 
 	context = opt->context;
 	userdiff = userdiff_find_by_path(elem->path);
@@ -901,7 +1082,7 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 	}
 	if (is_binary) {
 		show_combined_header(elem, num_parent, dense, rev,
-				     mode_differs, 0);
+				     line_prefix, mode_differs, 0);
 		printf("Binary files differ\n");
 		free(result);
 		return;
@@ -916,10 +1097,6 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 
 	sline = xcalloc(cnt+2, sizeof(*sline));
 	sline[0].bol = result;
-	for (lno = 0; lno <= cnt + 1; lno++) {
-		sline[lno].lost_tail = &sline[lno].lost_head;
-		sline[lno].flag = 0;
-	}
 	for (lno = 0, cp = result; cp < result + result_size; cp++) {
 		if (*cp == '\n') {
 			sline[lno].len = cp - sline[lno].bol;
@@ -955,22 +1132,22 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 				     elem->parent[i].mode,
 				     &result_file, sline,
 				     cnt, i, num_parent, result_deleted,
-				     textconv, elem->path);
+				     textconv, elem->path, opt->xdl_opts);
 	}
 
 	show_hunks = make_hunks(sline, cnt, num_parent, dense);
 
 	if (show_hunks || mode_differs || working_tree_file) {
 		show_combined_header(elem, num_parent, dense, rev,
-				     mode_differs, 1);
-		dump_sline(sline, cnt, num_parent,
+				     line_prefix, mode_differs, 1);
+		dump_sline(sline, line_prefix, cnt, num_parent,
 			   opt->use_color, result_deleted);
 	}
 	free(result);
 
 	for (lno = 0; lno < cnt; lno++) {
-		if (sline[lno].lost_head) {
-			struct lline *ll = sline[lno].lost_head;
+		if (sline[lno].lost) {
+			struct lline *ll = sline[lno].lost;
 			while (ll) {
 				struct lline *tmp = ll;
 				ll = ll->next;
@@ -986,6 +1163,7 @@ static void show_raw_diff(struct combine_diff_path *p, int num_parent, struct re
 {
 	struct diff_options *opt = &rev->diffopt;
 	int line_termination, inter_name_termination, i;
+	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(opt);
 
 	line_termination = opt->line_termination;
 	inter_name_termination = '\t';
@@ -995,7 +1173,10 @@ static void show_raw_diff(struct combine_diff_path *p, int num_parent, struct re
 	if (rev->loginfo && !rev->no_commit_id)
 		show_log(rev);
 
+
 	if (opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_RAW) {
+		printf("%s", line_prefix);
+
 		/* As many colons as there are parents */
 		for (i = 0; i < num_parent; i++)
 			putchar(':');
@@ -1033,6 +1214,7 @@ void show_combined_diff(struct combine_diff_path *p,
 		       struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	struct diff_options *opt = &rev->diffopt;
+
 	if (!p->len)
 		return;
 	if (opt->output_format & (DIFF_FORMAT_RAW |
@@ -1143,8 +1325,10 @@ void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
 
 		if (show_log_first && i == 0) {
 			show_log(rev);
+
 			if (rev->verbose_header && opt->output_format)
-				putchar(opt->line_termination);
+				printf("%s%c", diff_line_prefix(opt),
+				       opt->line_termination);
 		}
 		diff_flush(&diffopts);
 	}
@@ -1172,7 +1356,8 @@ void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
 
 		if (opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH) {
 			if (needsep)
-				putchar(opt->line_termination);
+				printf("%s%c", diff_line_prefix(opt),
+				       opt->line_termination);
 			for (p = paths; p; p = p->next) {
 				if (p->len)
 					show_patch_diff(p, num_parent, dense,
diff --git a/command-list.txt b/command-list.txt
index 7e8cfec..bf83303 100644
--- a/command-list.txt
+++ b/command-list.txt
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ git-branch                              mainporcelain common
 git-bundle                              mainporcelain
 git-cat-file                            plumbinginterrogators
 git-check-attr                          purehelpers
+git-check-ignore                        purehelpers
 git-checkout                            mainporcelain common
 git-checkout-index                      plumbingmanipulators
 git-check-ref-format                    purehelpers
diff --git a/commit.c b/commit.c
index e8eb0ae..888e02a 100644
--- a/commit.c
+++ b/commit.c
@@ -463,14 +463,23 @@ static void clear_commit_marks_1(struct commit_list **plist,
 	}
 }
 
-void clear_commit_marks(struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark)
+void clear_commit_marks_many(int nr, struct commit **commit, unsigned int mark)
 {
 	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
-	commit_list_insert(commit, &list);
+
+	while (nr--) {
+		commit_list_insert(*commit, &list);
+		commit++;
+	}
 	while (list)
 		clear_commit_marks_1(&list, pop_commit(&list), mark);
 }
 
+void clear_commit_marks(struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark)
+{
+	clear_commit_marks_many(1, &commit, mark);
+}
+
 void clear_commit_marks_for_object_array(struct object_array *a, unsigned mark)
 {
 	struct object *object;
@@ -797,8 +806,7 @@ struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many(struct commit *one,
 	if (!result || !result->next) {
 		if (cleanup) {
 			clear_commit_marks(one, all_flags);
-			for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-				clear_commit_marks(twos[i], all_flags);
+			clear_commit_marks_many(n, twos, all_flags);
 		}
 		return result;
 	}
@@ -816,8 +824,7 @@ struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many(struct commit *one,
 	free_commit_list(result);
 
 	clear_commit_marks(one, all_flags);
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-		clear_commit_marks(twos[i], all_flags);
+	clear_commit_marks_many(n, twos, all_flags);
 
 	cnt = remove_redundant(rslt, cnt);
 	result = NULL;
@@ -834,7 +841,7 @@ struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *one, struct commit *two,
 }
 
 /*
- * Is "commit" a decendant of one of the elements on the "with_commit" list?
+ * Is "commit" a descendant of one of the elements on the "with_commit" list?
  */
 int is_descendant_of(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *with_commit)
 {
@@ -852,25 +859,36 @@ int is_descendant_of(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *with_commit)
 }
 
 /*
- * Is "commit" an ancestor of (i.e. reachable from) the "reference"?
+ * Is "commit" an ancestor of one of the "references"?
  */
-int in_merge_bases(struct commit *commit, struct commit *reference)
+int in_merge_bases_many(struct commit *commit, int nr_reference, struct commit **reference)
 {
 	struct commit_list *bases;
-	int ret = 0;
+	int ret = 0, i;
 
-	if (parse_commit(commit) || parse_commit(reference))
+	if (parse_commit(commit))
 		return ret;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_reference; i++)
+		if (parse_commit(reference[i]))
+			return ret;
 
-	bases = paint_down_to_common(commit, 1, &reference);
+	bases = paint_down_to_common(commit, nr_reference, reference);
 	if (commit->object.flags & PARENT2)
 		ret = 1;
 	clear_commit_marks(commit, all_flags);
-	clear_commit_marks(reference, all_flags);
+	clear_commit_marks_many(nr_reference, reference, all_flags);
 	free_commit_list(bases);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Is "commit" an ancestor of (i.e. reachable from) the "reference"?
+ */
+int in_merge_bases(struct commit *commit, struct commit *reference)
+{
+	return in_merge_bases_many(commit, 1, &reference);
+}
+
 struct commit_list *reduce_heads(struct commit_list *heads)
 {
 	struct commit_list *p;
@@ -1023,6 +1041,76 @@ free_return:
 	free(buf);
 }
 
+static struct {
+	char result;
+	const char *check;
+} sigcheck_gpg_status[] = {
+	{ 'G', "\n[GNUPG:] GOODSIG " },
+	{ 'B', "\n[GNUPG:] BADSIG " },
+	{ 'U', "\n[GNUPG:] TRUST_NEVER" },
+	{ 'U', "\n[GNUPG:] TRUST_UNDEFINED" },
+};
+
+static void parse_gpg_output(struct signature_check *sigc)
+{
+	const char *buf = sigc->gpg_status;
+	int i;
+
+	/* Iterate over all search strings */
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sigcheck_gpg_status); i++) {
+		const char *found, *next;
+
+		if (!prefixcmp(buf, sigcheck_gpg_status[i].check + 1)) {
+			/* At the very beginning of the buffer */
+			found = buf + strlen(sigcheck_gpg_status[i].check + 1);
+		} else {
+			found = strstr(buf, sigcheck_gpg_status[i].check);
+			if (!found)
+				continue;
+			found += strlen(sigcheck_gpg_status[i].check);
+		}
+		sigc->result = sigcheck_gpg_status[i].result;
+		/* The trust messages are not followed by key/signer information */
+		if (sigc->result != 'U') {
+			sigc->key = xmemdupz(found, 16);
+			found += 17;
+			next = strchrnul(found, '\n');
+			sigc->signer = xmemdupz(found, next - found);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void check_commit_signature(const struct commit* commit, struct signature_check *sigc)
+{
+	struct strbuf payload = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf signature = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf gpg_output = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf gpg_status = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int status;
+
+	sigc->result = 'N';
+
+	if (parse_signed_commit(commit->object.sha1,
+				&payload, &signature) <= 0)
+		goto out;
+	status = verify_signed_buffer(payload.buf, payload.len,
+				      signature.buf, signature.len,
+				      &gpg_output, &gpg_status);
+	if (status && !gpg_output.len)
+		goto out;
+	sigc->gpg_output = strbuf_detach(&gpg_output, NULL);
+	sigc->gpg_status = strbuf_detach(&gpg_status, NULL);
+	parse_gpg_output(sigc);
+
+ out:
+	strbuf_release(&gpg_status);
+	strbuf_release(&gpg_output);
+	strbuf_release(&payload);
+	strbuf_release(&signature);
+}
+
+
+
 void append_merge_tag_headers(struct commit_list *parents,
 			      struct commit_extra_header ***tail)
 {
diff --git a/commit.h b/commit.h
index b6ad8f3..67bd509 100644
--- a/commit.h
+++ b/commit.h
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "decorate.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
 
 struct commit_list {
 	struct commit *item;
@@ -89,6 +90,8 @@ struct pretty_print_context {
 	char *notes_message;
 	struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info;
 	const char *output_encoding;
+	struct string_list *mailmap;
+	int color;
 };
 
 struct userformat_want {
@@ -98,7 +101,9 @@ struct userformat_want {
 extern int has_non_ascii(const char *text);
 struct rev_info; /* in revision.h, it circularly uses enum cmit_fmt */
 extern char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
+			     char **commit_encoding,
 			     const char *output_encoding);
+extern void logmsg_free(char *msg, const struct commit *commit);
 extern void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *);
 extern const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
 				  const char *line_separator);
@@ -134,6 +139,7 @@ struct commit *pop_most_recent_commit(struct commit_list **list,
 struct commit *pop_commit(struct commit_list **stack);
 
 void clear_commit_marks(struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark);
+void clear_commit_marks_many(int nr, struct commit **commit, unsigned int mark);
 void clear_commit_marks_for_object_array(struct object_array *a, unsigned mark);
 
 /*
@@ -161,6 +167,9 @@ extern struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *rev1, struct commit *r
 extern struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos, int cleanup);
 extern struct commit_list *get_octopus_merge_bases(struct commit_list *in);
 
+/* largest positive number a signed 32-bit integer can contain */
+#define INFINITE_DEPTH 0x7fffffff
+
 extern int register_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int unregister_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int for_each_commit_graft(each_commit_graft_fn, void *);
@@ -170,6 +179,7 @@ extern struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads,
 
 int is_descendant_of(struct commit *, struct commit_list *);
 int in_merge_bases(struct commit *, struct commit *);
+int in_merge_bases_many(struct commit *, int, struct commit **);
 
 extern int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int patch);
 extern int run_add_interactive(const char *revision, const char *patch_mode,
@@ -224,4 +234,13 @@ extern void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
 			      const char *format_cur,
 			      const char *format_last);
 
+/*
+ * Check the signature of the given commit. The result of the check is stored
+ * in sig->check_result, 'G' for a good signature, 'U' for a good signature
+ * from an untrusted signer, 'B' for a bad signature and 'N' for no signature
+ * at all.  This may allocate memory for sig->gpg_output, sig->gpg_status,
+ * sig->signer and sig->key.
+ */
+extern void check_commit_signature(const struct commit* commit, struct signature_check *sigc);
+
 #endif /* COMMIT_H */
diff --git a/compat/cygwin.c b/compat/cygwin.c
index 5428858..871b41d 100644
--- a/compat/cygwin.c
+++ b/compat/cygwin.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#define CYGWIN_C
 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 #ifdef CYGWIN_V15_WIN32API
 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
@@ -10,6 +11,18 @@
 #endif
 #include "../cache.h" /* to read configuration */
 
+/*
+ * Return POSIX permission bits, regardless of core.ignorecygwinfstricks
+ */
+int cygwin_get_st_mode_bits(const char *path, int *mode)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	*mode = st.st_mode;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static inline void filetime_to_timespec(const FILETIME *ft, struct timespec *ts)
 {
 	long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) +
diff --git a/compat/cygwin.h b/compat/cygwin.h
index a3229f5..c04965a 100644
--- a/compat/cygwin.h
+++ b/compat/cygwin.h
@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@
 typedef int (*stat_fn_t)(const char*, struct stat*);
 extern stat_fn_t cygwin_stat_fn;
 extern stat_fn_t cygwin_lstat_fn;
+int cygwin_get_st_mode_bits(const char *path, int *mode);
 
+#define get_st_mode_bits(p,m) cygwin_get_st_mode_bits((p),(m))
+#ifndef CYGWIN_C
+/* cygwin.c needs the original lstat() */
 #define stat(path, buf) (*cygwin_stat_fn)(path, buf)
 #define lstat(path, buf) (*cygwin_lstat_fn)(path, buf)
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c b/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
index b8b7dc2..5ef0685 100644
--- a/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
+++ b/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@
    program understand `configure --with-gnu-libc' and omit the object files,
    it is simpler to just do this in the source for each such file.  */
 
-#if defined _LIBC || !defined __GNU_LIBRARY__
+#if defined NO_FNMATCH || defined NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD || \
+    defined _LIBC || !defined __GNU_LIBRARY__
 
 
 # if defined STDC_HEADERS || !defined isascii
diff --git a/compat/msvc.h b/compat/msvc.h
index aa4b563..96b6d60 100644
--- a/compat/msvc.h
+++ b/compat/msvc.h
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
 #define __attribute__(x)
 #define strncasecmp  _strnicmp
 #define ftruncate    _chsize
+#define strtoull     _strtoui64
+#define strtoll      _strtoi64
 
 static __inline int strcasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2)
 {
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h b/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
index ff7c2c4..1401a67 100644
--- a/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
@@ -4778,7 +4778,7 @@ void* dlmalloc(size_t bytes) {
 
 void dlfree(void* mem) {
   /*
-     Consolidate freed chunks with preceeding or succeeding bordering
+     Consolidate freed chunks with preceding or succeeding bordering
      free chunks, if they exist, and then place in a bin.  Intermixed
      with special cases for top, dv, mmapped chunks, and usage errors.
   */
@@ -5680,10 +5680,10 @@ History:
 	Wolfram Gloger (Gloger@lrz.uni-muenchen.de).
       * Use last_remainder in more cases.
       * Pack bins using idea from  colin@nyx10.cs.du.edu
-      * Use ordered bins instead of best-fit threshhold
+      * Use ordered bins instead of best-fit threshold
       * Eliminate block-local decls to simplify tracing and debugging.
       * Support another case of realloc via move into top
-      * Fix error occuring when initial sbrk_base not word-aligned.
+      * Fix error occurring when initial sbrk_base not word-aligned.
       * Rely on page size for units instead of SBRK_UNIT to
 	avoid surprises about sbrk alignment conventions.
       * Add mallinfo, mallopt. Thanks to Raymond Nijssen
diff --git a/compat/obstack.h b/compat/obstack.h
index d178bd6..ceb4bdb 100644
--- a/compat/obstack.h
+++ b/compat/obstack.h
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ extern "C" {
 
 #define __BPTR_ALIGN(B, P, A) ((B) + (((P) - (B) + (A)) & ~(A)))
 
-/* Similiar to _BPTR_ALIGN (B, P, A), except optimize the common case
+/* Similar to _BPTR_ALIGN (B, P, A), except optimize the common case
    where pointers can be converted to integers, aligned as integers,
    and converted back again.  If PTR_INT_TYPE is narrower than a
    pointer (e.g., the AS/400), play it safe and compute the alignment
diff --git a/compat/precompose_utf8.c b/compat/precompose_utf8.c
index 8cf5955..7980abd 100644
--- a/compat/precompose_utf8.c
+++ b/compat/precompose_utf8.c
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ void precompose_argv(int argc, const char **argv)
 		size_t namelen;
 		oldarg = argv[i];
 		if (has_non_ascii(oldarg, (size_t)-1, &namelen)) {
-			newarg = reencode_string_iconv(oldarg, namelen, ic_precompose);
+			newarg = reencode_string_iconv(oldarg, namelen, ic_precompose, NULL);
 			if (newarg)
 				argv[i] = newarg;
 		}
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ struct dirent_prec_psx *precompose_utf8_readdir(PREC_DIR *prec_dir)
 			if (prec_dir->ic_precompose == (iconv_t)-1) {
 				die("iconv_open(%s,%s) failed, but needed:\n"
 						"    precomposed unicode is not supported.\n"
-						"    If you wnat to use decomposed unicode, run\n"
+						"    If you want to use decomposed unicode, run\n"
 						"    \"git config core.precomposeunicode false\"\n",
 						repo_encoding, path_encoding);
 			} else {
diff --git a/compat/regex/regcomp.c b/compat/regex/regcomp.c
index 8c96ed9..d0025bd 100644
--- a/compat/regex/regcomp.c
+++ b/compat/regex/regcomp.c
@@ -2095,7 +2095,7 @@ peek_token_bracket (re_token_t *token, re_string_t *input, reg_syntax_t syntax)
 
 /* Entry point of the parser.
    Parse the regular expression REGEXP and return the structure tree.
-   If an error is occured, ERR is set by error code, and return NULL.
+   If an error has occurred, ERR is set by error code, and return NULL.
    This function build the following tree, from regular expression <reg_exp>:
 	   CAT
 	   / \
@@ -3715,7 +3715,7 @@ build_charclass_op (re_dfa_t *dfa, RE_TRANSLATE_TYPE trans,
 /* This is intended for the expressions like "a{1,3}".
    Fetch a number from `input', and return the number.
    Return -1, if the number field is empty like "{,1}".
-   Return -2, If an error is occured.  */
+   Return -2, if an error has occurred.  */
 
 static int
 fetch_number (re_string_t *input, re_token_t *token, reg_syntax_t syntax)
diff --git a/compat/regex/regex.c b/compat/regex/regex.c
index 3dd8dfa..6aaae00 100644
--- a/compat/regex/regex.c
+++ b/compat/regex/regex.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include "config.h"
 #endif
 
-/* Make sure noone compiles this code with a C++ compiler.  */
+/* Make sure no one compiles this code with a C++ compiler.  */
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 # error "This is C code, use a C compiler"
 #endif
diff --git a/compat/regex/regex_internal.c b/compat/regex/regex_internal.c
index 193854c..d4121f2 100644
--- a/compat/regex/regex_internal.c
+++ b/compat/regex/regex_internal.c
@@ -1284,7 +1284,7 @@ re_node_set_merge (re_node_set *dest, const re_node_set *src)
 
 /* Insert the new element ELEM to the re_node_set* SET.
    SET should not already have ELEM.
-   return -1 if an error is occured, return 1 otherwise.  */
+   return -1 if an error has occurred, return 1 otherwise.  */
 
 static int
 internal_function
@@ -1341,7 +1341,7 @@ re_node_set_insert (re_node_set *set, int elem)
 
 /* Insert the new element ELEM to the re_node_set* SET.
    SET should not already have any element greater than or equal to ELEM.
-   Return -1 if an error is occured, return 1 otherwise.  */
+   Return -1 if an error has occurred, return 1 otherwise.  */
 
 static int
 internal_function
@@ -1416,7 +1416,7 @@ re_node_set_remove_at (re_node_set *set, int idx)
 
 
 /* Add the token TOKEN to dfa->nodes, and return the index of the token.
-   Or return -1, if an error will be occured.  */
+   Or return -1, if an error has occurred.  */
 
 static int
 internal_function
diff --git a/compat/strtok_r.c b/compat/strtok_r.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 7b5d568..0000000
--- a/compat/strtok_r.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-/* Reentrant string tokenizer.  Generic version.
-   Copyright (C) 1991,1996-1999,2001,2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
-
-   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
-   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
-   Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
-   Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
-   02111-1307 USA.  */
-
-#include "../git-compat-util.h"
-
-/* Parse S into tokens separated by characters in DELIM.
-   If S is NULL, the saved pointer in SAVE_PTR is used as
-   the next starting point.  For example:
-	char s[] = "-abc-=-def";
-	char *sp;
-	x = strtok_r(s, "-", &sp);	// x = "abc", sp = "=-def"
-	x = strtok_r(NULL, "-=", &sp);	// x = "def", sp = NULL
-	x = strtok_r(NULL, "=", &sp);	// x = NULL
-		// s = "abc\0-def\0"
-*/
-char *
-gitstrtok_r (char *s, const char *delim, char **save_ptr)
-{
-  char *token;
-
-  if (s == NULL)
-    s = *save_ptr;
-
-  /* Scan leading delimiters.  */
-  s += strspn (s, delim);
-  if (*s == '\0')
-    {
-      *save_ptr = s;
-      return NULL;
-    }
-
-  /* Find the end of the token.  */
-  token = s;
-  s = strpbrk (token, delim);
-  if (s == NULL)
-    /* This token finishes the string.  */
-    *save_ptr = token + strlen (token);
-  else
-    {
-      /* Terminate the token and make *SAVE_PTR point past it.  */
-      *s = '\0';
-      *save_ptr = s + 1;
-    }
-  return token;
-}
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/poll.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/poll.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/poll.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
index b14fcf9..c65c2cd 100644
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
@@ -49,6 +49,9 @@ typedef int64_t off64_t;
 #define INTMAX_MAX  _I64_MAX
 #define UINTMAX_MAX _UI64_MAX
 
+#define UINT32_MAX 0xffffffff  /* 4294967295U */
+
+#define STDIN_FILENO  0
 #define STDOUT_FILENO 1
 #define STDERR_FILENO 2
 
diff --git a/config.c b/config.c
index b569635..aefd80b 100644
--- a/config.c
+++ b/config.c
@@ -566,6 +566,12 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		trust_ctime = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.statinfo")) {
+		if (!strcasecmp(value, "default"))
+			check_stat = 1;
+		else if (!strcasecmp(value, "minimal"))
+			check_stat = 0;
+	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.quotepath")) {
 		quote_path_fully = git_config_bool(var, value);
@@ -717,6 +723,14 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.editor"))
 		return git_config_string(&editor_program, var, value);
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.commentchar")) {
+		const char *comment;
+		int ret = git_config_string(&comment, var, value);
+		if (!ret)
+			comment_line_char = comment[0];
+		return ret;
+	}
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.askpass"))
 		return git_config_string(&askpass_program, var, value);
 
@@ -839,6 +853,8 @@ static int git_default_mailmap_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "mailmap.file"))
 		return git_config_string(&git_mailmap_file, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "mailmap.blob"))
+		return git_config_string(&git_mailmap_blob, var, value);
 
 	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
 	return 0;
@@ -1660,7 +1676,41 @@ int git_config_rename_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
  * Call this to report error for your variable that should not
  * get a boolean value (i.e. "[my] var" means "true").
  */
+#undef config_error_nonbool
 int config_error_nonbool(const char *var)
 {
 	return error("Missing value for '%s'", var);
 }
+
+int parse_config_key(const char *var,
+		     const char *section,
+		     const char **subsection, int *subsection_len,
+		     const char **key)
+{
+	int section_len = strlen(section);
+	const char *dot;
+
+	/* Does it start with "section." ? */
+	if (prefixcmp(var, section) || var[section_len] != '.')
+		return -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Find the key; we don't know yet if we have a subsection, but we must
+	 * parse backwards from the end, since the subsection may have dots in
+	 * it, too.
+	 */
+	dot = strrchr(var, '.');
+	*key = dot + 1;
+
+	/* Did we have a subsection at all? */
+	if (dot == var + section_len) {
+		*subsection = NULL;
+		*subsection_len = 0;
+	}
+	else {
+		*subsection = var + section_len + 1;
+		*subsection_len = dot - *subsection;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/config.mak.in b/config.mak.in
index e8a9bb4..e6a6d0f 100644
--- a/config.mak.in
+++ b/config.mak.in
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ LDFLAGS = @LDFLAGS@
 AR = @AR@
 TAR = @TAR@
 DIFF = @DIFF@
+PACKAGE_TARNAME = @PACKAGE_TARNAME@
 #INSTALL = @INSTALL@		# needs install-sh or install.sh in sources
 
 prefix = @prefix@
@@ -17,11 +18,7 @@ gitexecdir = @libexecdir@/git-core
 datarootdir = @datarootdir@
 template_dir = @datadir@/git-core/templates
 sysconfdir = @sysconfdir@
+docdir = @docdir@
 
 mandir = @mandir@
-
-srcdir = @srcdir@
-VPATH = @srcdir@
-
-export exec_prefix mandir
-export srcdir VPATH
+htmldir = @htmldir@
diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d78fd3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/config.mak.uname
@@ -0,0 +1,541 @@
+# Platform specific Makefile tweaks based on uname detection
+
+uname_S := $(shell sh -c 'uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_M := $(shell sh -c 'uname -m 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_O := $(shell sh -c 'uname -o 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_R := $(shell sh -c 'uname -r 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_P := $(shell sh -c 'uname -p 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_V := $(shell sh -c 'uname -v 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+
+ifdef MSVC
+	# avoid the MingW and Cygwin configuration sections
+	uname_S := Windows
+	uname_O := Windows
+endif
+
+# We choose to avoid "if .. else if .. else .. endif endif"
+# because maintaining the nesting to match is a pain.  If
+# we had "elif" things would have been much nicer...
+
+ifeq ($(uname_M),x86_64)
+	XDL_FAST_HASH = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),OSF1)
+	# Need this for u_short definitions et al
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_OSF_SOURCE
+	SOCKLEN_T = int
+	NO_STRTOULL = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Linux)
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
+	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU/kFreeBSD)
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
+	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),UnixWare)
+	CC = cc
+	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/bash
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	INSTALL = ginstall
+	TAR = gtar
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),SCO_SV)
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.2)
+		CFLAGS = -O2
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5)
+		CC = cc
+		BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
+	endif
+	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/bin/bash
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	INSTALL = ginstall
+	TAR = gtar
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15678]\.'),2)
+		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15]\.'),2)
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	endif
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/precompose_utf8.o
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DPRECOMPOSE_UNICODE
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),SunOS)
+	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /bin/bash
+	SANE_TOOL_PATH = /usr/xpg6/bin:/usr/xpg4/bin
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	NO_MSGFMT_EXTENDED_OPTIONS = YesPlease
+	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.6)
+		SOCKLEN_T = int
+		NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
+		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.7)
+		NEEDS_RESOLV = YesPlease
+		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
+		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.8)
+		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.9)
+		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+	endif
+	INSTALL = /usr/ucb/install
+	TAR = gtar
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D__EXTENSIONS__ -D__sun__ -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_O),Cygwin)
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '1\.[1-6]\.'),4)
+		NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
+		NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
+		NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+		NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+		NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+		NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
+		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
+		CYGWIN_V15_WIN32API = YesPlease
+	endif
+	NO_THREAD_SAFE_PREAD = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	# There are conflicting reports about this.
+	# On some boxes NO_MMAP is needed, and not so elsewhere.
+	# Try commenting this out if you suspect MMAP is more efficient
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	X = .exe
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/cygwin.o
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	SPARSE_FLAGS = -isystem /usr/include/w32api -Wno-one-bit-signed-bitfield
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '4\.'),2)
+		PTHREAD_LIBS = -pthread
+		NO_UINTMAX_T = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	endif
+	PYTHON_PATH = /usr/local/bin/python
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),NetBSD)
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[01]\.'),2)
+		NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	endif
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/pkg/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/pkg/lib $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)/usr/pkg/lib
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),AIX)
+	DEFAULT_PAGER = more
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
+	INTERNAL_QSORT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_LARGE_FILES
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_V)" : '[1234]'),1)
+		NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
+	else
+		PTHREAD_LIBS = -lpthread
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_V).$(uname_R)" : '5\.1'),3)
+		INLINE = ''
+	endif
+	GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU)
+	# GNU/Hurd
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX)
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
+	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
+	# git dies with a segmentation fault when trying to access the first
+	# entry of a reflog.  The conservative choice is made to always set
+	# NO_MMAP.  If you suspect that your compiler is not affected by this
+	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/gnu/bin/bash
+	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX64)
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
+	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
+	# git dies with a segmentation fault when trying to access the first
+	# entry of a reflog.  The conservative choice is made to always set
+	# NO_MMAP.  If you suspect that your compiler is not affected by this
+	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/gnu/bin/bash
+	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),HP-UX)
+	INLINE = __inline
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_SYS_SELECT_H = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),B.11.00)
+		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),B.10.20)
+		# Override HP-UX 11.x setting:
+		INLINE =
+		SOCKLEN_T = size_t
+		NO_PREAD = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+	endif
+	GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Windows)
+	GIT_VERSION := $(GIT_VERSION).MSVC
+	pathsep = ;
+	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
+	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
+	NO_POLL = YesPlease
+	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_UNIX_SOCKETS = YesPlease
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	# NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_ICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
+	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
+	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
+	# USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_CURL = YesPlease
+	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
+	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
+	ETAGS_TARGET = ETAGS
+	NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+	NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NATIVE_CRLF = YesPlease
+	DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT = html
+
+	CC = compat/vcbuild/scripts/clink.pl
+	AR = compat/vcbuild/scripts/lib.pl
+	CFLAGS =
+	BASIC_CFLAGS = -nologo -I. -I../zlib -Icompat/vcbuild -Icompat/vcbuild/include -DWIN32 -D_CONSOLE -DHAVE_STRING_H -D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS -D_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+	COMPAT_OBJS = compat/msvc.o compat/winansi.o \
+		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
+		compat/win32/dirent.o
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS = -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -DHAVE_STRING_H -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H -Icompat -Icompat/regex -Icompat/win32 -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS = -IGNORE:4217 -IGNORE:4049 -NOLOGO -SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE -NODEFAULTLIB:MSVCRT.lib
+	EXTLIBS = user32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib wininet.lib ws2_32.lib
+	PTHREAD_LIBS =
+	lib =
+ifndef DEBUG
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -GL -Os -MT
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -LTCG
+	AR += -LTCG
+else
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Zi -MTd
+endif
+	X = .exe
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Interix)
+	NO_INITGROUPS = YesPlease
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.5)
+		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
+		NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.2)
+		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
+		NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	endif
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Minix)
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBGEN =
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_IDN_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_RESOLV =
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_CURL =
+	NO_EXPAT =
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),NONSTOP_KERNEL)
+	# Needs some C99 features, "inline" is just one of them.
+	# INLINE='' would just replace one set of warnings with another and
+	# still not compile in c89 mode, due to non-const array initializations.
+	CC = cc -c99
+	# Disable all optimization, seems to result in bad code, with -O or -O2
+	# or even -O1 (default), /usr/local/libexec/git-core/git-pack-objects
+	# abends on "git push". Needs more investigation.
+	CFLAGS = -g -O0
+	# We'd want it to be here.
+	prefix = /usr/local
+	# Our's are in ${prefix}/bin (perl might also be in /usr/bin/perl).
+	PERL_PATH = ${prefix}/bin/perl
+	PYTHON_PATH = ${prefix}/bin/python
+
+	# As detected by './configure'.
+	# Missdetected, hence commented out, see below.
+	#NO_CURL = YesPlease
+	# Added manually, see above.
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
+	HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H = YesPlease
+	HAVE_STRINGS_H = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBINTL_BEFORE_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_SYS_SELECT_H = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	# Currently libiconv-1.9.1.
+	OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_PTHREADS = UnfortunatelyYes
+
+	# Not detected (nor checked for) by './configure'.
+	# We don't have SA_RESTART on NonStop, unfortunalety.
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSA_RESTART=0
+	# Apparently needed in compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c.
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_STRING_H=1
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_POLL = YesPlease
+	NO_INTPTR_T = UnfortunatelyYes
+	# Bug report 10-120822-4477 submitted to HP NonStop development.
+	MKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH = YesPlease
+	# RFE 10-120912-4693 submitted to HP NonStop development.
+	NO_SETITIMER = UnfortunatelyYes
+	SANE_TOOL_PATH = /usr/coreutils/bin:/usr/local/bin
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/bash
+	# as of H06.25/J06.14, we might better use this
+	#SHELL_PATH = /usr/coreutils/bin/bash
+endif
+ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
+	pathsep = ;
+	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
+	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
+	NO_POLL = YesPlease
+	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
+	NO_UNIX_SOCKETS = YesPlease
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
+	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
+	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
+	USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
+	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
+	ETAGS_TARGET = ETAGS
+	NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+	NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/win32
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/winansi.o \
+		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
+		compat/win32/dirent.o
+	EXTLIBS += -lws2_32
+	PTHREAD_LIBS =
+	NATIVE_CRLF = YesPlease
+	X = .exe
+	SPARSE_FLAGS = -Wno-one-bit-signed-bitfield
+ifneq (,$(wildcard ../THIS_IS_MSYSGIT))
+	htmldir = doc/git/html/
+	prefix =
+	INSTALL = /bin/install
+	EXTLIBS += /mingw/lib/libz.a
+	NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER = YesPlease
+	INTERNAL_QSORT = YesPlease
+	HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H = YesPlease
+else
+	NO_CURL = YesPlease
+endif
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),QNX)
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSA_RESTART=0
+	EXPAT_NEEDS_XMLPARSE_H = YesPlease
+	HAVE_STRINGS_H = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	NO_GETPAGESIZE = YesPlease
+	NO_ICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
+	NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+endif
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 41ac9a5..f3462d9 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -753,6 +753,14 @@ AC_CHECK_MEMBER(struct dirent.d_type,
 [#include <dirent.h>])
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT])
 #
+# Define NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT if you don't have pw_gecos in struct passwd
+# in the C library.
+AC_CHECK_MEMBER(struct passwd.pw_gecos,
+[NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT=],
+[NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT=YesPlease],
+[#include <pwd.h>])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT])
+#
 # Define NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE if your platform does not have struct
 # sockaddr_storage.
 AC_CHECK_TYPE(struct sockaddr_storage,
@@ -872,6 +880,12 @@ AC_CHECK_HEADER([libcharset.h],
 [HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H=YesPlease],
 [HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H=])
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H])
+#
+# Define HAVE_STRINGS_H if you have strings.h
+AC_CHECK_HEADER([strings.h],
+[HAVE_STRINGS_H=YesPlease],
+[HAVE_STRINGS_H=])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([HAVE_STRINGS_H])
 # Define CHARSET_LIB if libiconv does not export the locale_charset symbol
 # and libcharset does
 CHARSET_LIB=
@@ -887,12 +901,6 @@ GIT_CHECK_FUNC(strcasestr,
 [NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease])
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_STRCASESTR])
 #
-# Define NO_STRTOK_R if you don't have strtok_r
-GIT_CHECK_FUNC(strtok_r,
-[NO_STRTOK_R=],
-[NO_STRTOK_R=YesPlease])
-GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_STRTOK_R])
-#
 # Define NO_FNMATCH if you don't have fnmatch
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(fnmatch,
 [NO_FNMATCH=],
diff --git a/connect.c b/connect.c
index 49e56ba..f57efd0 100644
--- a/connect.c
+++ b/connect.c
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ static void die_initial_contact(int got_at_least_one_head)
 /*
  * Read all the refs from the other end
  */
-struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, struct ref **list,
-			      unsigned int flags,
+struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, char *src_buf, size_t src_len,
+			      struct ref **list, unsigned int flags,
 			      struct extra_have_objects *extra_have)
 {
 	int got_at_least_one_head = 0;
@@ -72,18 +72,19 @@ struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, struct ref **list,
 	for (;;) {
 		struct ref *ref;
 		unsigned char old_sha1[20];
-		static char buffer[1000];
 		char *name;
 		int len, name_len;
+		char *buffer = packet_buffer;
 
-		len = packet_read(in, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+		len = packet_read(in, &src_buf, &src_len,
+				  packet_buffer, sizeof(packet_buffer),
+				  PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF |
+				  PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE);
 		if (len < 0)
 			die_initial_contact(got_at_least_one_head);
 
 		if (!len)
 			break;
-		if (buffer[len-1] == '\n')
-			buffer[--len] = 0;
 
 		if (len > 4 && !prefixcmp(buffer, "ERR "))
 			die("remote error: %s", buffer + 4);
diff --git a/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py b/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py
index bd24395..36b5665 100755
--- a/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py
+++ b/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py
@@ -47,7 +47,13 @@
 # we default to that.
 #
 
-import os, sys, commands, socket, urllib
+import sys
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02000000:
+        # The limiter is the xml.sax module
+        sys.stderr.write("ciabot.py: requires Python 2.0.0 or later.\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+import os, commands, socket, urllib
 from xml.sax.saxutils import escape
 
 # Changeset URL prefix for your repo: when the commit ID is appended
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
index 2186b4b..1c35eef 100644
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #    *) .git/remotes file names
 #    *) git 'subcommands'
 #    *) tree paths within 'ref:path/to/file' expressions
+#    *) file paths within current working directory and index
 #    *) common --long-options
 #
 # To use these routines:
@@ -52,19 +53,6 @@ __gitdir ()
 	fi
 }
 
-__gitcomp_1 ()
-{
-	local c IFS=$' \t\n'
-	for c in $1; do
-		c="$c$2"
-		case $c in
-		--*=*|*.) ;;
-		*) c="$c " ;;
-		esac
-		printf '%s\n' "$c"
-	done
-}
-
 # The following function is based on code from:
 #
 #   bash_completion - programmable completion functions for bash 3.2+
@@ -194,8 +182,18 @@ _get_comp_words_by_ref ()
 }
 fi
 
-# Generates completion reply with compgen, appending a space to possible
-# completion words, if necessary.
+__gitcompadd ()
+{
+	local i=0
+	for x in $1; do
+		if [[ "$x" == "$3"* ]]; then
+			COMPREPLY[i++]="$2$x$4"
+		fi
+	done
+}
+
+# Generates completion reply, appending a space to possible completion words,
+# if necessary.
 # It accepts 1 to 4 arguments:
 # 1: List of possible completion words.
 # 2: A prefix to be added to each possible completion word (optional).
@@ -207,19 +205,25 @@ __gitcomp ()
 
 	case "$cur_" in
 	--*=)
-		COMPREPLY=()
 		;;
 	*)
-		local IFS=$'\n'
-		COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "${2-}" \
-			-W "$(__gitcomp_1 "${1-}" "${4-}")" \
-			-- "$cur_"))
+		local c i=0 IFS=$' \t\n'
+		for c in $1; do
+			c="$c${4-}"
+			if [[ $c == "$cur_"* ]]; then
+				case $c in
+				--*=*|*.) ;;
+				*) c="$c " ;;
+				esac
+				COMPREPLY[i++]="${2-}$c"
+			fi
+		done
 		;;
 	esac
 }
 
-# Generates completion reply with compgen from newline-separated possible
-# completion words by appending a space to all of them.
+# Generates completion reply from newline-separated possible completion words
+# by appending a space to all of them.
 # It accepts 1 to 4 arguments:
 # 1: List of possible completion words, separated by a single newline.
 # 2: A prefix to be added to each possible completion word (optional).
@@ -230,7 +234,125 @@ __gitcomp ()
 __gitcomp_nl ()
 {
 	local IFS=$'\n'
-	COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "${2-}" -S "${4- }" -W "$1" -- "${3-$cur}"))
+	__gitcompadd "$1" "${2-}" "${3-$cur}" "${4- }"
+}
+
+# Generates completion reply with compgen from newline-separated possible
+# completion filenames.
+# It accepts 1 to 3 arguments:
+# 1: List of possible completion filenames, separated by a single newline.
+# 2: A directory prefix to be added to each possible completion filename
+#    (optional).
+# 3: Generate possible completion matches for this word (optional).
+__gitcomp_file ()
+{
+	local IFS=$'\n'
+
+	# XXX does not work when the directory prefix contains a tilde,
+	# since tilde expansion is not applied.
+	# This means that COMPREPLY will be empty and Bash default
+	# completion will be used.
+	COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "${2-}" -W "$1" -- "${3-$cur}"))
+
+	# Tell Bash that compspec generates filenames.
+	compopt -o filenames 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+__git_index_file_list_filter_compat ()
+{
+	local path
+
+	while read -r path; do
+		case "$path" in
+		?*/*) echo "${path%%/*}/" ;;
+		*) echo "$path" ;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+
+__git_index_file_list_filter_bash ()
+{
+	local path
+
+	while read -r path; do
+		case "$path" in
+		?*/*)
+			# XXX if we append a slash to directory names when using
+			# `compopt -o filenames`, Bash will append another slash.
+			# This is pretty stupid, and this the reason why we have to
+			# define a compatible version for this function.
+			echo "${path%%/*}" ;;
+		*)
+			echo "$path" ;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+
+# Process path list returned by "ls-files" and "diff-index --name-only"
+# commands, in order to list only file names relative to a specified
+# directory, and append a slash to directory names.
+__git_index_file_list_filter ()
+{
+	# Default to Bash >= 4.x
+	__git_index_file_list_filter_bash
+}
+
+# Execute git ls-files, returning paths relative to the directory
+# specified in the first argument, and using the options specified in
+# the second argument.
+__git_ls_files_helper ()
+{
+	(
+		test -n "${CDPATH+set}" && unset CDPATH
+		# NOTE: $2 is not quoted in order to support multiple options
+		cd "$1" && git ls-files --exclude-standard $2
+	) 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+
+# Execute git diff-index, returning paths relative to the directory
+# specified in the first argument, and using the tree object id
+# specified in the second argument.
+__git_diff_index_helper ()
+{
+	(
+		test -n "${CDPATH+set}" && unset CDPATH
+		cd "$1" && git diff-index --name-only --relative "$2"
+	) 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+# __git_index_files accepts 1 or 2 arguments:
+# 1: Options to pass to ls-files (required).
+#    Supported options are --cached, --modified, --deleted, --others,
+#    and --directory.
+# 2: A directory path (optional).
+#    If provided, only files within the specified directory are listed.
+#    Sub directories are never recursed.  Path must have a trailing
+#    slash.
+__git_index_files ()
+{
+	local dir="$(__gitdir)" root="${2-.}"
+
+	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
+		__git_ls_files_helper "$root" "$1" | __git_index_file_list_filter |
+			sort | uniq
+	fi
+}
+
+# __git_diff_index_files accepts 1 or 2 arguments:
+# 1) The id of a tree object.
+# 2) A directory path (optional).
+#    If provided, only files within the specified directory are listed.
+#    Sub directories are never recursed.  Path must have a trailing
+#    slash.
+__git_diff_index_files ()
+{
+	local dir="$(__gitdir)" root="${2-.}"
+
+	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
+		__git_diff_index_helper "$root" "$1" | __git_index_file_list_filter |
+			sort | uniq
+	fi
 }
 
 __git_heads ()
@@ -430,6 +552,46 @@ __git_complete_revlist_file ()
 }
 
 
+# __git_complete_index_file requires 1 argument: the options to pass to
+# ls-file
+__git_complete_index_file ()
+{
+	local pfx cur_="$cur"
+
+	case "$cur_" in
+	?*/*)
+		pfx="${cur_%/*}"
+		cur_="${cur_##*/}"
+		pfx="${pfx}/"
+
+		__gitcomp_file "$(__git_index_files "$1" "$pfx")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		;;
+	*)
+		__gitcomp_file "$(__git_index_files "$1")" "" "$cur_"
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+# __git_complete_diff_index_file requires 1 argument: the id of a tree
+# object
+__git_complete_diff_index_file ()
+{
+	local pfx cur_="$cur"
+
+	case "$cur_" in
+	?*/*)
+		pfx="${cur_%/*}"
+		cur_="${cur_##*/}"
+		pfx="${pfx}/"
+
+		__gitcomp_file "$(__git_diff_index_files "$1" "$pfx")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		;;
+	*)
+		__gitcomp_file "$(__git_diff_index_files "$1")" "" "$cur_"
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
 __git_complete_file ()
 {
 	__git_complete_revlist_file
@@ -455,7 +617,6 @@ __git_complete_remote_or_refspec ()
 			case "$cmd" in
 			push) no_complete_refspec=1 ;;
 			fetch)
-				COMPREPLY=()
 				return
 				;;
 			*) ;;
@@ -471,7 +632,6 @@ __git_complete_remote_or_refspec ()
 		return
 	fi
 	if [ $no_complete_refspec = 1 ]; then
-		COMPREPLY=()
 		return
 	fi
 	[ "$remote" = "." ] && remote=
@@ -572,6 +732,7 @@ __git_list_porcelain_commands ()
 		archimport)       : import;;
 		cat-file)         : plumbing;;
 		check-attr)       : plumbing;;
+		check-ignore)     : plumbing;;
 		check-ref-format) : plumbing;;
 		checkout-index)   : plumbing;;
 		commit-tree)      : plumbing;;
@@ -731,6 +892,43 @@ __git_has_doubledash ()
 	return 1
 }
 
+# Try to count non option arguments passed on the command line for the
+# specified git command.
+# When options are used, it is necessary to use the special -- option to
+# tell the implementation were non option arguments begin.
+# XXX this can not be improved, since options can appear everywhere, as
+# an example:
+#	git mv x -n y
+#
+# __git_count_arguments requires 1 argument: the git command executed.
+__git_count_arguments ()
+{
+	local word i c=0
+
+	# Skip "git" (first argument)
+	for ((i=1; i < ${#words[@]}; i++)); do
+		word="${words[i]}"
+
+		case "$word" in
+			--)
+				# Good; we can assume that the following are only non
+				# option arguments.
+				((c = 0))
+				;;
+			"$1")
+				# Skip the specified git command and discard git
+				# main options
+				((c = 0))
+				;;
+			?*)
+				((c++))
+				;;
+		esac
+	done
+
+	printf "%d" $c
+}
+
 __git_whitespacelist="nowarn warn error error-all fix"
 
 _git_am ()
@@ -754,7 +952,6 @@ _git_am ()
 			"
 		return
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
 _git_apply ()
@@ -774,13 +971,10 @@ _git_apply ()
 			"
 		return
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
 _git_add ()
 {
-	__git_has_doubledash && return
-
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
@@ -789,7 +983,9 @@ _git_add ()
 			"
 		return
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
+
+	# XXX should we check for --update and --all options ?
+	__git_complete_index_file "--others --modified"
 }
 
 _git_archive ()
@@ -834,7 +1030,6 @@ _git_bisect ()
 		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 		;;
 	*)
-		COMPREPLY=()
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -927,9 +1122,14 @@ _git_cherry ()
 
 _git_cherry_pick ()
 {
+	local dir="$(__gitdir)"
+	if [ -f "$dir"/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD ]; then
+		__gitcomp "--continue --quit --abort"
+		return
+	fi
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--edit --no-commit"
+		__gitcomp "--edit --no-commit --signoff --strategy= --mainline"
 		;;
 	*)
 		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
@@ -939,15 +1139,15 @@ _git_cherry_pick ()
 
 _git_clean ()
 {
-	__git_has_doubledash && return
-
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--dry-run --quiet"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
+
+	# XXX should we check for -x option ?
+	__git_complete_index_file "--others"
 }
 
 _git_clone ()
@@ -973,13 +1173,10 @@ _git_clone ()
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
 _git_commit ()
 {
-	__git_has_doubledash && return
-
 	case "$prev" in
 	-c|-C)
 		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur}"
@@ -1014,7 +1211,13 @@ _git_commit ()
 			"
 		return
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
+
+	if git rev-parse --verify --quiet HEAD >/dev/null; then
+		__git_complete_diff_index_file "HEAD"
+	else
+		# This is the first commit
+		__git_complete_index_file "--cached"
+	fi
 }
 
 _git_describe ()
@@ -1030,6 +1233,8 @@ _git_describe ()
 	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
+__git_diff_algorithms="myers minimal patience histogram"
+
 __git_diff_common_options="--stat --numstat --shortstat --summary
 			--patch-with-stat --name-only --name-status --color
 			--no-color --color-words --no-renames --check
@@ -1040,10 +1245,11 @@ __git_diff_common_options="--stat --numstat --shortstat --summary
 			--no-ext-diff
 			--no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix=
 			--inter-hunk-context=
-			--patience
+			--patience --histogram --minimal
 			--raw
 			--dirstat --dirstat= --dirstat-by-file
 			--dirstat-by-file= --cumulative
+			--diff-algorithm=
 "
 
 _git_diff ()
@@ -1051,6 +1257,10 @@ _git_diff ()
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
 	case "$cur" in
+	--diff-algorithm=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_diff_algorithms" "" "${cur##--diff-algorithm=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--cached --staged --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
 			--base --ours --theirs --no-index
@@ -1104,11 +1314,12 @@ _git_fetch ()
 }
 
 __git_format_patch_options="
-	--stdout --attach --no-attach --thread --thread= --output-directory
+	--stdout --attach --no-attach --thread --thread= --no-thread
 	--numbered --start-number --numbered-files --keep-subject --signoff
 	--signature --no-signature --in-reply-to= --cc= --full-index --binary
 	--not --all --cover-letter --no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix=
 	--inline --suffix= --ignore-if-in-upstream --subject-prefix=
+	--output-directory --reroll-count --to= --quiet --notes
 "
 
 _git_format_patch ()
@@ -1139,7 +1350,6 @@ _git_fsck ()
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
 _git_gc ()
@@ -1150,7 +1360,6 @@ _git_gc ()
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
 _git_gitk ()
@@ -1227,13 +1436,10 @@ _git_init ()
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
 _git_ls_files ()
 {
-	__git_has_doubledash && return
-
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--cached --deleted --modified --others --ignored
@@ -1246,7 +1452,10 @@ _git_ls_files ()
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
+
+	# XXX ignore options like --modified and always suggest all cached
+	# files.
+	__git_complete_index_file "--cached"
 }
 
 _git_ls_remote ()
@@ -1362,7 +1571,6 @@ _git_mergetool ()
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
 _git_merge_base ()
@@ -1378,7 +1586,14 @@ _git_mv ()
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
+
+	if [ $(__git_count_arguments "mv") -gt 0 ]; then
+		# We need to show both cached and untracked files (including
+		# empty directories) since this may not be the last argument.
+		__git_complete_index_file "--cached --others --directory"
+	else
+		__git_complete_index_file "--cached"
+	fi
 }
 
 _git_name_rev ()
@@ -1569,7 +1784,7 @@ __git_config_get_set_variables ()
 	while [ $c -gt 1 ]; do
 		word="${words[c]}"
 		case "$word" in
-		--global|--system|--file=*)
+		--system|--global|--local|--file=*)
 			config_file="$word"
 			break
 			;;
@@ -1596,7 +1811,7 @@ __git_config_get_set_variables ()
 _git_config ()
 {
 	case "$prev" in
-	branch.*.remote)
+	branch.*.remote|branch.*.pushremote)
 		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -1604,11 +1819,19 @@ _git_config ()
 		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 		return
 		;;
+	branch.*.rebase)
+		__gitcomp "false true"
+		return
+		;;
+	remote.pushdefault)
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
+		return
+		;;
 	remote.*.fetch)
 		local remote="${prev#remote.}"
 		remote="${remote%.fetch}"
 		if [ -z "$cur" ]; then
-			COMPREPLY=("refs/heads/")
+			__gitcomp_nl "refs/heads/" "" "" ""
 			return
 		fi
 		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs_remotes "$remote")"
@@ -1643,6 +1866,10 @@ _git_config ()
 			"
 		return
 		;;
+	diff.submodule)
+		__gitcomp "log short"
+		return
+		;;
 	help.format)
 		__gitcomp "man info web html"
 		return
@@ -1668,14 +1895,13 @@ _git_config ()
 		return
 		;;
 	*.*)
-		COMPREPLY=()
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			--global --system --file=
+			--system --global --local --file=
 			--list --replace-all
 			--get --get-all --get-regexp
 			--add --unset --unset-all
@@ -1685,7 +1911,7 @@ _git_config ()
 		;;
 	branch.*.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur_="${cur##*.}"
-		__gitcomp "remote merge mergeoptions rebase" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		__gitcomp "remote pushremote merge mergeoptions rebase" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		return
 		;;
 	branch.*)
@@ -1838,16 +2064,18 @@ _git_config ()
 		core.whitespace
 		core.worktree
 		diff.autorefreshindex
-		diff.statGraphWidth
 		diff.external
 		diff.ignoreSubmodules
 		diff.mnemonicprefix
 		diff.noprefix
 		diff.renameLimit
 		diff.renames
+		diff.statGraphWidth
+		diff.submodule
 		diff.suppressBlankEmpty
 		diff.tool
 		diff.wordRegex
+		diff.algorithm
 		difftool.
 		difftool.prompt
 		fetch.recurseSubmodules
@@ -1978,6 +2206,7 @@ _git_config ()
 		receive.fsckObjects
 		receive.unpackLimit
 		receive.updateserverinfo
+		remote.pushdefault
 		remotes.
 		repack.usedeltabaseoffset
 		rerere.autoupdate
@@ -2048,7 +2277,6 @@ _git_remote ()
 		__gitcomp "$c"
 		;;
 	*)
-		COMPREPLY=()
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -2084,15 +2312,14 @@ _git_revert ()
 
 _git_rm ()
 {
-	__git_has_doubledash && return
-
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--cached --dry-run --ignore-unmatch --quiet"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
+
+	__git_complete_index_file "--cached"
 }
 
 _git_shortlog ()
@@ -2122,6 +2349,10 @@ _git_show ()
 			" "" "${cur#*=}"
 		return
 		;;
+	--diff-algorithm=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_diff_algorithms" "" "${cur##--diff-algorithm=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--pretty= --format= --abbrev-commit --oneline
 			$__git_diff_common_options
@@ -2161,8 +2392,6 @@ _git_stash ()
 		*)
 			if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$save_opts")" ]; then
 				__gitcomp "$subcommands"
-			else
-				COMPREPLY=()
 			fi
 			;;
 		esac
@@ -2175,14 +2404,12 @@ _git_stash ()
 			__gitcomp "--index --quiet"
 			;;
 		show,--*|drop,--*|branch,--*)
-			COMPREPLY=()
 			;;
 		show,*|apply,*|drop,*|pop,*|branch,*)
 			__gitcomp_nl "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" stash list \
 					| sed -n -e 's/:.*//p')"
 			;;
 		*)
-			COMPREPLY=()
 			;;
 		esac
 	fi
@@ -2192,7 +2419,7 @@ _git_submodule ()
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	local subcommands="add status init update summary foreach sync"
+	local subcommands="add status init deinit update summary foreach sync"
 	if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" ]; then
 		case "$cur" in
 		--*)
@@ -2224,7 +2451,7 @@ _git_svn ()
 			--no-metadata --use-svm-props --use-svnsync-props
 			--log-window-size= --no-checkout --quiet
 			--repack-flags --use-log-author --localtime
-			--ignore-paths= $remote_opts
+			--ignore-paths= --include-paths= $remote_opts
 			"
 		local init_opts="
 			--template= --shared= --trunk= --tags=
@@ -2299,7 +2526,6 @@ _git_svn ()
 			__gitcomp "--revision= --parent"
 			;;
 		*)
-			COMPREPLY=()
 			;;
 		esac
 	fi
@@ -2324,13 +2550,10 @@ _git_tag ()
 
 	case "$prev" in
 	-m|-F)
-		COMPREPLY=()
 		;;
 	-*|tag)
 		if [ $f = 1 ]; then
 			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_tags)"
-		else
-			COMPREPLY=()
 		fi
 		;;
 	*)
@@ -2457,6 +2680,15 @@ if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
 		compadd -Q -S "${4- }" -p "${2-}" -- ${=1} && _ret=0
 	}
 
+	__gitcomp_file ()
+	{
+		emulate -L zsh
+
+		local IFS=$'\n'
+		compset -P '*[=:]'
+		compadd -Q -p "${2-}" -f -- ${=1} && _ret=0
+	}
+
 	__git_zsh_helper ()
 	{
 		emulate -L ksh
@@ -2478,6 +2710,14 @@ if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
 
 	compdef _git git gitk
 	return
+elif [[ -n ${BASH_VERSION-} ]]; then
+	if ((${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} < 4)); then
+		# compopt is not supported
+		__git_index_file_list_filter ()
+		{
+			__git_index_file_list_filter_compat
+		}
+	fi
 fi
 
 __git_func_wrap ()
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh b/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh
index 3e3889f..eaacaf0 100644
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh
@@ -52,6 +52,18 @@ cat << EOF > ${__git_tcsh_completion_script}
 
 source ${__git_tcsh_completion_original_script}
 
+# Remove the colon as a completion separator because tcsh cannot handle it
+COMP_WORDBREAKS=\${COMP_WORDBREAKS//:}
+
+# For file completion, tcsh needs the '/' to be appended to directories.
+# By default, the bash script does not do that.
+# We can achieve this by using the below compatibility
+# method of the git-completion.bash script.
+__git_index_file_list_filter ()
+{
+	__git_index_file_list_filter_compat
+}
+
 # Set COMP_WORDS in a way that can be handled by the bash script.
 COMP_WORDS=(\$2)
 
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh b/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh
index 4577502..2565d2e 100644
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 # zsh completion wrapper for git
 #
+# Copyright (c) 2012-2013 Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
+#
 # You need git's bash completion script installed somewhere, by default on the
 # same directory as this script.
 #
@@ -21,6 +23,9 @@ complete ()
 	return 0
 }
 
+zstyle -T ':completion:*:*:git:*' tag-order && \
+	zstyle ':completion:*:*:git:*' tag-order 'common-commands'
+
 zstyle -s ":completion:*:*:git:*" script script
 test -z "$script" && script="$(dirname ${funcsourcetrace[1]%:*})"/git-completion.bash
 ZSH_VERSION='' . "$script"
@@ -60,18 +65,140 @@ __gitcomp_nl ()
 	compadd -Q -S "${4- }" -p "${2-}" -- ${=1} && _ret=0
 }
 
+__gitcomp_file ()
+{
+	emulate -L zsh
+
+	local IFS=$'\n'
+	compset -P '*[=:]'
+	compadd -Q -p "${2-}" -f -- ${=1} && _ret=0
+}
+
+__git_zsh_bash_func ()
+{
+	emulate -L ksh
+
+	local command=$1
+
+	local completion_func="_git_${command//-/_}"
+	declare -f $completion_func >/dev/null && $completion_func && return
+
+	local expansion=$(__git_aliased_command "$command")
+	if [ -n "$expansion" ]; then
+		completion_func="_git_${expansion//-/_}"
+		declare -f $completion_func >/dev/null && $completion_func
+	fi
+}
+
+__git_zsh_cmd_common ()
+{
+	local -a list
+	list=(
+	add:'add file contents to the index'
+	bisect:'find by binary search the change that introduced a bug'
+	branch:'list, create, or delete branches'
+	checkout:'checkout a branch or paths to the working tree'
+	clone:'clone a repository into a new directory'
+	commit:'record changes to the repository'
+	diff:'show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc'
+	fetch:'download objects and refs from another repository'
+	grep:'print lines matching a pattern'
+	init:'create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one'
+	log:'show commit logs'
+	merge:'join two or more development histories together'
+	mv:'move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink'
+	pull:'fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch'
+	push:'update remote refs along with associated objects'
+	rebase:'forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head'
+	reset:'reset current HEAD to the specified state'
+	rm:'remove files from the working tree and from the index'
+	show:'show various types of objects'
+	status:'show the working tree status'
+	tag:'create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG')
+	_describe -t common-commands 'common commands' list && _ret=0
+}
+
+__git_zsh_cmd_alias ()
+{
+	local -a list
+	list=(${${${(0)"$(git config -z --get-regexp '^alias\.')"}#alias.}%$'\n'*})
+	_describe -t alias-commands 'aliases' list $* && _ret=0
+}
+
+__git_zsh_cmd_all ()
+{
+	local -a list
+	emulate ksh -c __git_compute_all_commands
+	list=( ${=__git_all_commands} )
+	_describe -t all-commands 'all commands' list && _ret=0
+}
+
+__git_zsh_main ()
+{
+	local curcontext="$curcontext" state state_descr line
+	typeset -A opt_args
+	local -a orig_words
+
+	orig_words=( ${words[@]} )
+
+	_arguments -C \
+		'(-p --paginate --no-pager)'{-p,--paginate}'[pipe all output into ''less'']' \
+		'(-p --paginate)--no-pager[do not pipe git output into a pager]' \
+		'--git-dir=-[set the path to the repository]: :_directories' \
+		'--bare[treat the repository as a bare repository]' \
+		'(- :)--version[prints the git suite version]' \
+		'--exec-path=-[path to where your core git programs are installed]:: :_directories' \
+		'--html-path[print the path where git''s HTML documentation is installed]' \
+		'--info-path[print the path where the Info files are installed]' \
+		'--man-path[print the manpath (see `man(1)`) for the man pages]' \
+		'--work-tree=-[set the path to the working tree]: :_directories' \
+		'--namespace=-[set the git namespace]' \
+		'--no-replace-objects[do not use replacement refs to replace git objects]' \
+		'(- :)--help[prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used commands]: :->arg' \
+		'(-): :->command' \
+		'(-)*:: :->arg' && return
+
+	case $state in
+	(command)
+		_alternative \
+                         'alias-commands:alias:__git_zsh_cmd_alias' \
+                         'common-commands:common:__git_zsh_cmd_common' \
+                         'all-commands:all:__git_zsh_cmd_all' && _ret=0
+		;;
+	(arg)
+		local command="${words[1]}" __git_dir
+
+		if (( $+opt_args[--bare] )); then
+			__git_dir='.'
+		else
+			__git_dir=${opt_args[--git-dir]}
+		fi
+
+		(( $+opt_args[--help] )) && command='help'
+
+		words=( ${orig_words[@]} )
+
+		__git_zsh_bash_func $command
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
 _git ()
 {
 	local _ret=1
-	() {
-		emulate -L ksh
-		local cur cword prev
-		cur=${words[CURRENT-1]}
-		prev=${words[CURRENT-2]}
-		let cword=CURRENT-1
-		__${service}_main
-	}
-	let _ret && _default -S '' && _ret=0
+	local cur cword prev
+
+	cur=${words[CURRENT]}
+	prev=${words[CURRENT-1]}
+	let cword=CURRENT-1
+
+	if (( $+functions[__${service}_zsh_main] )); then
+		__${service}_zsh_main
+	else
+		emulate ksh -c __${service}_main
+	fi
+
+	let _ret && _default && _ret=0
 	return _ret
 }
 
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh b/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
index 9bef053..eaf5c36 100644
--- a/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@
 #
 # If you would like to see if there're untracked files, then you can set
 # GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES to a nonempty value. If there're untracked
-# files, then a '%' will be shown next to the branch name.
+# files, then a '%' will be shown next to the branch name.  You can
+# configure this per-repository with the bash.showUntrackedFiles
+# variable, which defaults to true once GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES is
+# enabled.
 #
 # If you would like to see the difference between HEAD and its upstream,
 # set GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM="auto".  A "<" indicates you are behind, ">"
@@ -260,14 +263,21 @@ __git_ps1 ()
 	else
 		local r=""
 		local b=""
-		if [ -f "$g/rebase-merge/interactive" ]; then
-			r="|REBASE-i"
-			b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")"
-		elif [ -d "$g/rebase-merge" ]; then
-			r="|REBASE-m"
+		local step=""
+		local total=""
+		if [ -d "$g/rebase-merge" ]; then
 			b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")"
+			step=$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/msgnum")
+			total=$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/end")
+			if [ -f "$g/rebase-merge/interactive" ]; then
+				r="|REBASE-i"
+			else
+				r="|REBASE-m"
+			fi
 		else
 			if [ -d "$g/rebase-apply" ]; then
+				step=$(cat "$g/rebase-apply/next")
+				total=$(cat "$g/rebase-apply/last")
 				if [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/rebasing" ]; then
 					r="|REBASE"
 				elif [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/applying" ]; then
@@ -279,6 +289,8 @@ __git_ps1 ()
 				r="|MERGING"
 			elif [ -f "$g/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD" ]; then
 				r="|CHERRY-PICKING"
+			elif [ -f "$g/REVERT_HEAD" ]; then
+				r="|REVERTING"
 			elif [ -f "$g/BISECT_LOG" ]; then
 				r="|BISECTING"
 			fi
@@ -303,6 +315,10 @@ __git_ps1 ()
 			}
 		fi
 
+		if [ -n "$step" ] && [ -n "$total" ]; then
+			r="$r $step/$total"
+		fi
+
 		local w=""
 		local i=""
 		local s=""
@@ -317,24 +333,25 @@ __git_ps1 ()
 				b="GIT_DIR!"
 			fi
 		elif [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
-			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE-}" ]; then
-				if [ "$(git config --bool bash.showDirtyState)" != "false" ]; then
-					git diff --no-ext-diff --quiet --exit-code || w="*"
-					if git rev-parse --quiet --verify HEAD >/dev/null; then
-						git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD -- || i="+"
-					else
-						i="#"
-					fi
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE-}" ] &&
+			   [ "$(git config --bool bash.showDirtyState)" != "false" ]
+			then
+				git diff --no-ext-diff --quiet --exit-code || w="*"
+				if git rev-parse --quiet --verify HEAD >/dev/null; then
+					git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD -- || i="+"
+				else
+					i="#"
 				fi
 			fi
 			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE-}" ]; then
 				git rev-parse --verify refs/stash >/dev/null 2>&1 && s="$"
 			fi
 
-			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES-}" ]; then
-				if [ -n "$(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard)" ]; then
-					u="%"
-				fi
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES-}" ] &&
+			   [ "$(git config --bool bash.showUntrackedFiles)" != "false" ] &&
+			   [ -n "$(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard)" ]
+			then
+				u="%${ZSH_VERSION+%}"
 			fi
 
 			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM-}" ]; then
diff --git a/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c
index 41f61c5..f2cdefe 100644
--- a/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c
+++ b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ static void usage(const char *name)
 	const char *basename = strrchr(name,'/');
 
 	basename = (basename) ? basename + 1 : name;
-	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <", basename);
+	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <", basename);
 	while(try_op->name) {
 		fprintf(stderr,"%s",(try_op++)->name);
 		if(try_op->name)
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/Makefile b/contrib/credential/netrc/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51b7613
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+test:
+	./test.pl
+
+testverbose:
+	./test.pl -d -v
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/git-credential-netrc b/contrib/credential/netrc/git-credential-netrc
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6c51c43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/git-credential-netrc
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Getopt::Long;
+use File::Basename;
+
+my $VERSION = "0.1";
+
+my %options = (
+	       help => 0,
+	       debug => 0,
+	       verbose => 0,
+	       insecure => 0,
+	       file => [],
+
+	       # identical token maps, e.g. host -> host, will be inserted later
+	       tmap => {
+			port => 'protocol',
+			machine => 'host',
+			path => 'path',
+			login => 'username',
+			user => 'username',
+			password => 'password',
+		       }
+	      );
+
+# Map each credential protocol token to itself on the netrc side.
+foreach (values %{$options{tmap}}) {
+	$options{tmap}->{$_} = $_;
+}
+
+# Now, $options{tmap} has a mapping from the netrc format to the Git credential
+# helper protocol.
+
+# Next, we build the reverse token map.
+
+# When $rmap{foo} contains 'bar', that means that what the Git credential helper
+# protocol calls 'bar' is found as 'foo' in the netrc/authinfo file.  Keys in
+# %rmap are what we expect to read from the netrc/authinfo file.
+
+my %rmap;
+foreach my $k (keys %{$options{tmap}}) {
+	push @{$rmap{$options{tmap}->{$k}}}, $k;
+}
+
+Getopt::Long::Configure("bundling");
+
+# TODO: maybe allow the token map $options{tmap} to be configurable.
+GetOptions(\%options,
+           "help|h",
+           "debug|d",
+           "insecure|k",
+           "verbose|v",
+           "file|f=s@",
+          );
+
+if ($options{help}) {
+	my $shortname = basename($0);
+	$shortname =~ s/git-credential-//;
+
+	print <<EOHIPPUS;
+
+$0 [-f AUTHFILE1] [-f AUTHFILEN] [-d] [-v] [-k] get
+
+Version $VERSION by tzz\@lifelogs.com.  License: BSD.
+
+Options:
+
+  -f|--file AUTHFILE : specify netrc-style files.  Files with the .gpg extension
+                       will be decrypted by GPG before parsing.  Multiple -f
+                       arguments are OK.  They are processed in order, and the
+                       first matching entry found is returned via the credential
+                       helper protocol (see below).
+
+                       When no -f option is given, .authinfo.gpg, .netrc.gpg,
+		       .authinfo, and .netrc files in your home directory are used
+		       in this order.
+
+  -k|--insecure      : ignore bad file ownership or permissions
+
+  -d|--debug         : turn on debugging (developer info)
+
+  -v|--verbose       : be more verbose (show files and information found)
+
+To enable this credential helper:
+
+  git config credential.helper '$shortname -f AUTHFILE1 -f AUTHFILE2'
+
+(Note that Git will prepend "git-credential-" to the helper name and look for it
+in the path.)
+
+...and if you want lots of debugging info:
+
+  git config credential.helper '$shortname -f AUTHFILE -d'
+
+...or to see the files opened and data found:
+
+  git config credential.helper '$shortname -f AUTHFILE -v'
+
+Only "get" mode is supported by this credential helper.  It opens every AUTHFILE
+and looks for the first entry that matches the requested search criteria:
+
+ 'port|protocol':
+   The protocol that will be used (e.g., https). (protocol=X)
+
+ 'machine|host':
+   The remote hostname for a network credential. (host=X)
+
+ 'path':
+   The path with which the credential will be used. (path=X)
+
+ 'login|user|username':
+   The credential’s username, if we already have one. (username=X)
+
+Thus, when we get this query on STDIN:
+
+host=github.com
+protocol=https
+username=tzz
+
+this credential helper will look for the first entry in every AUTHFILE that
+matches
+
+machine github.com port https login tzz
+
+OR
+
+machine github.com protocol https login tzz
+
+OR... etc. acceptable tokens as listed above.  Any unknown tokens are
+simply ignored.
+
+Then, the helper will print out whatever tokens it got from the entry, including
+"password" tokens, mapping back to Git's helper protocol; e.g. "port" is mapped
+back to "protocol".  Any redundant entry tokens (part of the original query) are
+skipped.
+
+Again, note that only the first matching entry from all the AUTHFILEs, processed
+in the sequence given on the command line, is used.
+
+Netrc/authinfo tokens can be quoted as 'STRING' or "STRING".
+
+No caching is performed by this credential helper.
+
+EOHIPPUS
+
+	exit 0;
+}
+
+my $mode = shift @ARGV;
+
+# Credentials must get a parameter, so die if it's missing.
+die "Syntax: $0 [-f AUTHFILE1] [-f AUTHFILEN] [-d] get" unless defined $mode;
+
+# Only support 'get' mode; with any other unsupported ones we just exit.
+exit 0 unless $mode eq 'get';
+
+my $files = $options{file};
+
+# if no files were given, use a predefined list.
+# note that .gpg files come first
+unless (scalar @$files) {
+	my @candidates = qw[
+				   ~/.authinfo.gpg
+				   ~/.netrc.gpg
+				   ~/.authinfo
+				   ~/.netrc
+			  ];
+
+	$files = $options{file} = [ map { glob $_ } @candidates ];
+}
+
+my $query = read_credential_data_from_stdin();
+
+FILE:
+foreach my $file (@$files) {
+	my $gpgmode = $file =~ m/\.gpg$/;
+	unless (-r $file) {
+		log_verbose("Unable to read $file; skipping it");
+		next FILE;
+	}
+
+	# the following check is copied from Net::Netrc, for non-GPG files
+	# OS/2 and Win32 do not handle stat in a way compatible with this check :-(
+	unless ($gpgmode || $options{insecure} ||
+		$^O eq 'os2'
+		|| $^O eq 'MSWin32'
+		|| $^O eq 'MacOS'
+		|| $^O =~ /^cygwin/) {
+		my @stat = stat($file);
+
+		if (@stat) {
+			if ($stat[2] & 077) {
+				log_verbose("Insecure $file (mode=%04o); skipping it",
+					    $stat[2] & 07777);
+				next FILE;
+			}
+
+			if ($stat[4] != $<) {
+				log_verbose("Not owner of $file; skipping it");
+				next FILE;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	my @entries = load_netrc($file, $gpgmode);
+
+	unless (scalar @entries) {
+		if ($!) {
+			log_verbose("Unable to open $file: $!");
+		} else {
+			log_verbose("No netrc entries found in $file");
+		}
+
+		next FILE;
+	}
+
+	my $entry = find_netrc_entry($query, @entries);
+	if ($entry) {
+		print_credential_data($entry, $query);
+		# we're done!
+		last FILE;
+	}
+}
+
+exit 0;
+
+sub load_netrc {
+	my $file = shift @_;
+	my $gpgmode = shift @_;
+
+	my $io;
+	if ($gpgmode) {
+		my @cmd = (qw(gpg --decrypt), $file);
+		log_verbose("Using GPG to open $file: [@cmd]");
+		open $io, "-|", @cmd;
+	} else {
+		log_verbose("Opening $file...");
+		open $io, '<', $file;
+	}
+
+	# nothing to do if the open failed (we log the error later)
+	return unless $io;
+
+	# Net::Netrc does this, but the functionality is merged with the file
+	# detection logic, so we have to extract just the part we need
+	my @netrc_entries = net_netrc_loader($io);
+
+	# these entries will use the credential helper protocol token names
+	my @entries;
+
+	foreach my $nentry (@netrc_entries) {
+		my %entry;
+		my $num_port;
+
+		if (!defined $nentry->{machine}) {
+			next;
+		}
+		if (defined $nentry->{port} && $nentry->{port} =~ m/^\d+$/) {
+			$num_port = $nentry->{port};
+			delete $nentry->{port};
+		}
+
+		# create the new entry for the credential helper protocol
+		$entry{$options{tmap}->{$_}} = $nentry->{$_} foreach keys %$nentry;
+
+		# for "host X port Y" where Y is an integer (captured by
+		# $num_port above), set the host to "X:Y"
+		if (defined $entry{host} && defined $num_port) {
+			$entry{host} = join(':', $entry{host}, $num_port);
+		}
+
+		push @entries, \%entry;
+	}
+
+	return @entries;
+}
+
+sub net_netrc_loader {
+	my $fh = shift @_;
+	my @entries;
+	my ($mach, $macdef, $tok, @tok);
+
+    LINE:
+	while (<$fh>) {
+		undef $macdef if /\A\n\Z/;
+
+		if ($macdef) {
+			next LINE;
+		}
+
+		s/^\s*//;
+		chomp;
+
+		while (length && s/^("((?:[^"]+|\\.)*)"|((?:[^\\\s]+|\\.)*))\s*//) {
+			(my $tok = $+) =~ s/\\(.)/$1/g;
+			push(@tok, $tok);
+		}
+
+	    TOKEN:
+		while (@tok) {
+			if ($tok[0] eq "default") {
+				shift(@tok);
+				$mach = { machine => undef };
+				next TOKEN;
+			}
+
+			$tok = shift(@tok);
+
+			if ($tok eq "machine") {
+				my $host = shift @tok;
+				$mach = { machine => $host };
+				push @entries, $mach;
+			} elsif (exists $options{tmap}->{$tok}) {
+				unless ($mach) {
+					log_debug("Skipping token $tok because no machine was given");
+					next TOKEN;
+				}
+
+				my $value = shift @tok;
+				unless (defined $value) {
+					log_debug("Token $tok had no value, skipping it.");
+					next TOKEN;
+				}
+
+				# Following line added by rmerrell to remove '/' escape char in .netrc
+				$value =~ s/\/\\/\\/g;
+				$mach->{$tok} = $value;
+			} elsif ($tok eq "macdef") { # we ignore macros
+				next TOKEN unless $mach;
+				my $value = shift @tok;
+				$macdef = 1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return @entries;
+}
+
+sub read_credential_data_from_stdin {
+	# the query: start with every token with no value
+	my %q = map { $_ => undef } values(%{$options{tmap}});
+
+	while (<STDIN>) {
+		next unless m/^([^=]+)=(.+)/;
+
+		my ($token, $value) = ($1, $2);
+		die "Unknown search token $token" unless exists $q{$token};
+		$q{$token} = $value;
+		log_debug("We were given search token $token and value $value");
+	}
+
+	foreach (sort keys %q) {
+		log_debug("Searching for %s = %s", $_, $q{$_} || '(any value)');
+	}
+
+	return \%q;
+}
+
+# takes the search tokens and then a list of entries
+# each entry is a hash reference
+sub find_netrc_entry {
+	my $query = shift @_;
+
+    ENTRY:
+	foreach my $entry (@_)
+	{
+		my $entry_text = join ', ', map { "$_=$entry->{$_}" } keys %$entry;
+		foreach my $check (sort keys %$query) {
+			if (defined $query->{$check}) {
+				log_debug("compare %s [%s] to [%s] (entry: %s)",
+					  $check,
+					  $entry->{$check},
+					  $query->{$check},
+					  $entry_text);
+				unless ($query->{$check} eq $entry->{$check}) {
+					next ENTRY;
+				}
+			} else {
+				log_debug("OK: any value satisfies check $check");
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $entry;
+	}
+
+	# nothing was found
+	return;
+}
+
+sub print_credential_data {
+	my $entry = shift @_;
+	my $query = shift @_;
+
+	log_debug("entry has passed all the search checks");
+ TOKEN:
+	foreach my $git_token (sort keys %$entry) {
+		log_debug("looking for useful token $git_token");
+		# don't print unknown (to the credential helper protocol) tokens
+		next TOKEN unless exists $query->{$git_token};
+
+		# don't print things asked in the query (the entry matches them)
+		next TOKEN if defined $query->{$git_token};
+
+		log_debug("FOUND: $git_token=$entry->{$git_token}");
+		printf "%s=%s\n", $git_token, $entry->{$git_token};
+	}
+}
+sub log_verbose {
+	return unless $options{verbose};
+	printf STDERR @_;
+	printf STDERR "\n";
+}
+
+sub log_debug {
+	return unless $options{debug};
+	printf STDERR @_;
+	printf STDERR "\n";
+}
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/test.netrc b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.netrc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba119a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.netrc
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+machine imap login tzz@lifelogs.com port imaps password letmeknow
+machine imap login bob port imaps password bobwillknow
+
+# comment test
+
+machine imap2 login tzz port 1099 password tzzknow
+machine imap2 login bob password bobwillknow
+
+# another command
+
+machine github.com
+  multilinetoken anothervalue
+  login carol password carolknows
diff --git a/contrib/credential/netrc/test.pl b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..169b646
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/netrc/test.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use warnings;
+use strict;
+use Test;
+use IPC::Open2;
+
+BEGIN { plan tests => 15 }
+
+my @global_credential_args = @ARGV;
+my $netrc = './test.netrc';
+print "# Testing insecure file, nothing should be found\n";
+chmod 0644, $netrc;
+my $cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
+			  { host => 'github.com' });
+
+ok(scalar keys %$cred, 0, "Got 0 keys from insecure file");
+
+print "# Testing missing file, nothing should be found\n";
+chmod 0644, $netrc;
+$cred = run_credential(['-f', '///nosuchfile///', 'get'],
+		       { host => 'github.com' });
+
+ok(scalar keys %$cred, 0, "Got 0 keys from missing file");
+
+chmod 0600, $netrc;
+
+print "# Testing with invalid data\n";
+$cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
+		       "bad data");
+ok(scalar keys %$cred, 4, "Got first found keys with bad data");
+
+print "# Testing netrc file for a missing corovamilkbar entry\n";
+$cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
+		       { host => 'corovamilkbar' });
+
+ok(scalar keys %$cred, 0, "Got no corovamilkbar keys");
+
+print "# Testing netrc file for a github.com entry\n";
+$cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
+		       { host => 'github.com' });
+
+ok(scalar keys %$cred, 2, "Got 2 Github keys");
+
+ok($cred->{password}, 'carolknows', "Got correct Github password");
+ok($cred->{username}, 'carol', "Got correct Github username");
+
+print "# Testing netrc file for a username-specific entry\n";
+$cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
+		       { host => 'imap', username => 'bob' });
+
+ok(scalar keys %$cred, 2, "Got 2 username-specific keys");
+
+ok($cred->{password}, 'bobwillknow', "Got correct user-specific password");
+ok($cred->{protocol}, 'imaps', "Got correct user-specific protocol");
+
+print "# Testing netrc file for a host:port-specific entry\n";
+$cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
+		       { host => 'imap2:1099' });
+
+ok(scalar keys %$cred, 2, "Got 2 host:port-specific keys");
+
+ok($cred->{password}, 'tzzknow', "Got correct host:port-specific password");
+ok($cred->{username}, 'tzz', "Got correct host:port-specific username");
+
+print "# Testing netrc file that 'host:port kills host' entry\n";
+$cred = run_credential(['-f', $netrc, 'get'],
+		       { host => 'imap2' });
+
+ok(scalar keys %$cred, 2, "Got 2 'host:port kills host' keys");
+
+ok($cred->{password}, 'bobwillknow', "Got correct 'host:port kills host' password");
+ok($cred->{username}, 'bob', "Got correct 'host:port kills host' username");
+
+sub run_credential
+{
+	my $args = shift @_;
+	my $data = shift @_;
+	my $pid = open2(my $chld_out, my $chld_in,
+			'./git-credential-netrc', @global_credential_args,
+			@$args);
+
+	die "Couldn't open pipe to netrc credential helper: $!" unless $pid;
+
+	if (ref $data eq 'HASH')
+	{
+		print $chld_in "$_=$data->{$_}\n" foreach sort keys %$data;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		print $chld_in "$data\n";
+	}
+
+	close $chld_in;
+	my %ret;
+
+	while (<$chld_out>)
+	{
+		chomp;
+		next unless m/^([^=]+)=(.+)/;
+
+		$ret{$1} = $2;
+	}
+
+	return \%ret;
+}
diff --git a/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/git-credential-osxkeychain.c b/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/git-credential-osxkeychain.c
index 6beed12..3940202 100644
--- a/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/git-credential-osxkeychain.c
+++ b/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/git-credential-osxkeychain.c
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ static void read_credential(void)
 int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	const char *usage =
-		"Usage: git credential-osxkeychain <get|store|erase>";
+		"usage: git credential-osxkeychain <get|store|erase>";
 
 	if (!argv[1])
 		die(usage);
diff --git a/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c b/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c
index cbaec5f..a1d38f0 100644
--- a/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c
+++ b/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 
 /* common helpers */
 
+#define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(x[0]))
+
 static void die(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	char msg[4096];
@@ -30,14 +32,6 @@ static void *xmalloc(size_t size)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static char *xstrdup(const char *str)
-{
-	char *ret = strdup(str);
-	if (!ret)
-		die("Out of memory");
-	return ret;
-}
-
 /* MinGW doesn't have wincred.h, so we need to define stuff */
 
 typedef struct _CREDENTIAL_ATTRIBUTEW {
@@ -67,20 +61,14 @@ typedef struct _CREDENTIALW {
 #define CRED_MAX_ATTRIBUTES 64
 
 typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CredWriteWT)(PCREDENTIALW, DWORD);
-typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferWT)(DWORD, PVOID, DWORD,
-    LPWSTR, DWORD *, LPWSTR, DWORD *, LPWSTR, DWORD *);
 typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CredEnumerateWT)(LPCWSTR, DWORD, DWORD *,
     PCREDENTIALW **);
-typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CredPackAuthenticationBufferWT)(DWORD, LPWSTR, LPWSTR,
-    PBYTE, DWORD *);
 typedef VOID (WINAPI *CredFreeT)(PVOID);
 typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CredDeleteWT)(LPCWSTR, DWORD, DWORD);
 
-static HMODULE advapi, credui;
+static HMODULE advapi;
 static CredWriteWT CredWriteW;
-static CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferWT CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW;
 static CredEnumerateWT CredEnumerateW;
-static CredPackAuthenticationBufferWT CredPackAuthenticationBufferW;
 static CredFreeT CredFree;
 static CredDeleteWT CredDeleteW;
 
@@ -88,74 +76,84 @@ static void load_cred_funcs(void)
 {
 	/* load DLLs */
 	advapi = LoadLibrary("advapi32.dll");
-	credui = LoadLibrary("credui.dll");
-	if (!advapi || !credui)
-		die("failed to load DLLs");
+	if (!advapi)
+		die("failed to load advapi32.dll");
 
 	/* get function pointers */
 	CredWriteW = (CredWriteWT)GetProcAddress(advapi, "CredWriteW");
-	CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW = (CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferWT)
-	    GetProcAddress(credui, "CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW");
 	CredEnumerateW = (CredEnumerateWT)GetProcAddress(advapi,
 	    "CredEnumerateW");
-	CredPackAuthenticationBufferW = (CredPackAuthenticationBufferWT)
-	    GetProcAddress(credui, "CredPackAuthenticationBufferW");
 	CredFree = (CredFreeT)GetProcAddress(advapi, "CredFree");
 	CredDeleteW = (CredDeleteWT)GetProcAddress(advapi, "CredDeleteW");
-	if (!CredWriteW || !CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW ||
-	    !CredEnumerateW || !CredPackAuthenticationBufferW || !CredFree ||
-	    !CredDeleteW)
+	if (!CredWriteW || !CredEnumerateW || !CredFree || !CredDeleteW)
 		die("failed to load functions");
 }
 
-static char target_buf[1024];
-static char *protocol, *host, *path, *username;
-static WCHAR *wusername, *password, *target;
+static WCHAR *wusername, *password, *protocol, *host, *path, target[1024];
 
-static void write_item(const char *what, WCHAR *wbuf)
+static void write_item(const char *what, LPCWSTR wbuf, int wlen)
 {
 	char *buf;
-	int len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wbuf, -1, NULL, 0, NULL,
+	int len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wbuf, wlen, NULL, 0, NULL,
 	    FALSE);
 	buf = xmalloc(len);
 
-	if (!WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wbuf, -1, buf, len, NULL, FALSE))
+	if (!WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wbuf, wlen, buf, len, NULL, FALSE))
 		die("WideCharToMultiByte failed!");
 
 	printf("%s=", what);
-	fwrite(buf, 1, len - 1, stdout);
+	fwrite(buf, 1, len, stdout);
 	putchar('\n');
 	free(buf);
 }
 
-static int match_attr(const CREDENTIALW *cred, const WCHAR *keyword,
-    const char *want)
+/*
+ * Match an (optional) expected string and a delimiter in the target string,
+ * consuming the matched text by updating the target pointer.
+ */
+static int match_part(LPCWSTR *ptarget, LPCWSTR want, LPCWSTR delim)
 {
-	int i;
-	if (!want)
-		return 1;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < cred->AttributeCount; ++i)
-		if (!wcscmp(cred->Attributes[i].Keyword, keyword))
-			return !strcmp((const char *)cred->Attributes[i].Value,
-			    want);
-
-	return 0; /* not found */
+	LPCWSTR delim_pos, start = *ptarget;
+	int len;
+
+	/* find start of delimiter (or end-of-string if delim is empty) */
+	if (*delim)
+		delim_pos = wcsstr(start, delim);
+	else
+		delim_pos = start + wcslen(start);
+
+	/*
+	 * match text up to delimiter, or end of string (e.g. the '/' after
+	 * host is optional if not followed by a path)
+	 */
+	if (delim_pos)
+		len = delim_pos - start;
+	else
+		len = wcslen(start);
+
+	/* update ptarget if we either found a delimiter or need a match */
+	if (delim_pos || want)
+		*ptarget = delim_pos ? delim_pos + wcslen(delim) : start + len;
+
+	return !want || (!wcsncmp(want, start, len) && !want[len]);
 }
 
 static int match_cred(const CREDENTIALW *cred)
 {
-	return (!wusername || !wcscmp(wusername, cred->UserName)) &&
-	    match_attr(cred, L"git_protocol", protocol) &&
-	    match_attr(cred, L"git_host", host) &&
-	    match_attr(cred, L"git_path", path);
+	LPCWSTR target = cred->TargetName;
+	if (wusername && wcscmp(wusername, cred->UserName))
+		return 0;
+
+	return match_part(&target, L"git", L":") &&
+		match_part(&target, protocol, L"://") &&
+		match_part(&target, wusername, L"@") &&
+		match_part(&target, host, L"/") &&
+		match_part(&target, path, L"");
 }
 
 static void get_credential(void)
 {
-	WCHAR *user_buf, *pass_buf;
-	DWORD user_buf_size = 0, pass_buf_size = 0;
-	CREDENTIALW **creds, *cred = NULL;
+	CREDENTIALW **creds;
 	DWORD num_creds;
 	int i;
 
@@ -165,90 +163,36 @@ static void get_credential(void)
 	/* search for the first credential that matches username */
 	for (i = 0; i < num_creds; ++i)
 		if (match_cred(creds[i])) {
-			cred = creds[i];
+			write_item("username", creds[i]->UserName,
+				wcslen(creds[i]->UserName));
+			write_item("password",
+				(LPCWSTR)creds[i]->CredentialBlob,
+				creds[i]->CredentialBlobSize / sizeof(WCHAR));
 			break;
 		}
-	if (!cred)
-		return;
-
-	CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW(0, cred->CredentialBlob,
-	    cred->CredentialBlobSize, NULL, &user_buf_size, NULL, NULL,
-	    NULL, &pass_buf_size);
-
-	user_buf = xmalloc(user_buf_size * sizeof(WCHAR));
-	pass_buf = xmalloc(pass_buf_size * sizeof(WCHAR));
-
-	if (!CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW(0, cred->CredentialBlob,
-	    cred->CredentialBlobSize, user_buf, &user_buf_size, NULL, NULL,
-	    pass_buf, &pass_buf_size))
-		die("CredUnPackAuthenticationBuffer failed");
 
 	CredFree(creds);
-
-	/* zero-terminate (sizes include zero-termination) */
-	user_buf[user_buf_size - 1] = L'\0';
-	pass_buf[pass_buf_size - 1] = L'\0';
-
-	write_item("username", user_buf);
-	write_item("password", pass_buf);
-
-	free(user_buf);
-	free(pass_buf);
-}
-
-static void write_attr(CREDENTIAL_ATTRIBUTEW *attr, const WCHAR *keyword,
-    const char *value)
-{
-	attr->Keyword = (LPWSTR)keyword;
-	attr->Flags = 0;
-	attr->ValueSize = strlen(value) + 1; /* store zero-termination */
-	attr->Value = (LPBYTE)value;
 }
 
 static void store_credential(void)
 {
 	CREDENTIALW cred;
-	BYTE *auth_buf;
-	DWORD auth_buf_size = 0;
-	CREDENTIAL_ATTRIBUTEW attrs[CRED_MAX_ATTRIBUTES];
 
 	if (!wusername || !password)
 		return;
 
-	/* query buffer size */
-	CredPackAuthenticationBufferW(0, wusername, password,
-	    NULL, &auth_buf_size);
-
-	auth_buf = xmalloc(auth_buf_size);
-
-	if (!CredPackAuthenticationBufferW(0, wusername, password,
-	    auth_buf, &auth_buf_size))
-		die("CredPackAuthenticationBuffer failed");
-
 	cred.Flags = 0;
 	cred.Type = CRED_TYPE_GENERIC;
 	cred.TargetName = target;
 	cred.Comment = L"saved by git-credential-wincred";
-	cred.CredentialBlobSize = auth_buf_size;
-	cred.CredentialBlob = auth_buf;
+	cred.CredentialBlobSize = (wcslen(password)) * sizeof(WCHAR);
+	cred.CredentialBlob = (LPVOID)password;
 	cred.Persist = CRED_PERSIST_LOCAL_MACHINE;
-	cred.AttributeCount = 1;
-	cred.Attributes = attrs;
+	cred.AttributeCount = 0;
+	cred.Attributes = NULL;
 	cred.TargetAlias = NULL;
 	cred.UserName = wusername;
 
-	write_attr(attrs, L"git_protocol", protocol);
-
-	if (host) {
-		write_attr(attrs + cred.AttributeCount, L"git_host", host);
-		cred.AttributeCount++;
-	}
-
-	if (path) {
-		write_attr(attrs + cred.AttributeCount, L"git_path", path);
-		cred.AttributeCount++;
-	}
-
 	if (!CredWriteW(&cred, 0))
 		die("CredWrite failed");
 }
@@ -284,10 +228,13 @@ static void read_credential(void)
 
 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin)) {
 		char *v;
+		int len = strlen(buf);
+		/* strip trailing CR / LF */
+		while (len && strchr("\r\n", buf[len - 1]))
+			buf[--len] = 0;
 
-		if (!strcmp(buf, "\n"))
+		if (!*buf)
 			break;
-		buf[strlen(buf)-1] = '\0';
 
 		v = strchr(buf, '=');
 		if (!v)
@@ -295,13 +242,12 @@ static void read_credential(void)
 		*v++ = '\0';
 
 		if (!strcmp(buf, "protocol"))
-			protocol = xstrdup(v);
+			protocol = utf8_to_utf16_dup(v);
 		else if (!strcmp(buf, "host"))
-			host = xstrdup(v);
+			host = utf8_to_utf16_dup(v);
 		else if (!strcmp(buf, "path"))
-			path = xstrdup(v);
+			path = utf8_to_utf16_dup(v);
 		else if (!strcmp(buf, "username")) {
-			username = xstrdup(v);
 			wusername = utf8_to_utf16_dup(v);
 		} else if (!strcmp(buf, "password"))
 			password = utf8_to_utf16_dup(v);
@@ -313,7 +259,7 @@ static void read_credential(void)
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	const char *usage =
-	    "Usage: git credential-wincred <get|store|erase>\n";
+	    "usage: git credential-wincred <get|store|erase>\n";
 
 	if (!argv[1])
 		die(usage);
@@ -330,22 +276,20 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 		return 0;
 
 	/* prepare 'target', the unique key for the credential */
-	strncat(target_buf, "git:", sizeof(target_buf));
-	strncat(target_buf, protocol, sizeof(target_buf));
-	strncat(target_buf, "://", sizeof(target_buf));
-	if (username) {
-		strncat(target_buf, username, sizeof(target_buf));
-		strncat(target_buf, "@", sizeof(target_buf));
+	wcscpy(target, L"git:");
+	wcsncat(target, protocol, ARRAY_SIZE(target));
+	wcsncat(target, L"://", ARRAY_SIZE(target));
+	if (wusername) {
+		wcsncat(target, wusername, ARRAY_SIZE(target));
+		wcsncat(target, L"@", ARRAY_SIZE(target));
 	}
 	if (host)
-		strncat(target_buf, host, sizeof(target_buf));
+		wcsncat(target, host, ARRAY_SIZE(target));
 	if (path) {
-		strncat(target_buf, "/", sizeof(target_buf));
-		strncat(target_buf, path, sizeof(target_buf));
+		wcsncat(target, L"/", ARRAY_SIZE(target));
+		wcsncat(target, path, ARRAY_SIZE(target));
 	}
 
-	target = utf8_to_utf16_dup(target_buf);
-
 	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "get"))
 		get_credential();
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "store"))
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-remote.perl b/contrib/examples/git-remote.perl
index b17952a..d42df7b 100755
--- a/contrib/examples/git-remote.perl
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-remote.perl
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ sub rm_remote {
 }
 
 sub add_usage {
-	print STDERR "Usage: git remote add [-f] [-t track]* [-m master] <name> <url>\n";
+	print STDERR "usage: git remote add [-f] [-t track]* [-m master] <name> <url>\n";
 	exit(1);
 }
 
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'show') {
 		}
 	}
 	if ($i >= @ARGV) {
-		print STDERR "Usage: git remote show <remote>\n";
+		print STDERR "usage: git remote show <remote>\n";
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	my $status = 0;
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'prune') {
 		}
 	}
 	if ($i >= @ARGV) {
-		print STDERR "Usage: git remote prune <remote>\n";
+		print STDERR "usage: git remote prune <remote>\n";
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	my $status = 0;
@@ -458,13 +458,13 @@ elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'add') {
 }
 elsif ($ARGV[0] eq 'rm') {
 	if (@ARGV <= 1) {
-		print STDERR "Usage: git remote rm <remote>\n";
+		print STDERR "usage: git remote rm <remote>\n";
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	exit(rm_remote($ARGV[1]));
 }
 else {
-	print STDERR "Usage: git remote\n";
+	print STDERR "usage: git remote\n";
 	print STDERR "       git remote add <name> <url>\n";
 	print STDERR "       git remote rm <name>\n";
 	print STDERR "       git remote show <name>\n";
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl
index b09ff8f..c414f0d 100755
--- a/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ our($opt_h,$opt_o,$opt_v,$opt_u,$opt_C,$opt_i,$opt_m,$opt_M,$opt_t,$opt_T,
 
 sub usage() {
 	print STDERR <<END;
-Usage: ${\basename $0}     # fetch/update GIT from SVN
+usage: ${\basename $0}     # fetch/update GIT from SVN
        [-o branch-for-HEAD] [-h] [-v] [-l max_rev] [-R repack_each_revs]
        [-C GIT_repository] [-t tagname] [-T trunkname] [-b branchname]
        [-d|-D] [-i] [-u] [-r] [-I ignorefilename] [-s start_chg]
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-import.perl b/contrib/fast-import/git-import.perl
index f9fef6d..0891b9e 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/git-import.perl
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-import.perl
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 use strict;
 use File::Find;
 
-my $USAGE = 'Usage: git-import branch import-message';
+my $USAGE = 'usage: git-import branch import-message';
 my $branch = shift or die "$USAGE\n";
 my $message = shift or die "$USAGE\n";
 
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-import.sh b/contrib/fast-import/git-import.sh
index 0ca7718..f8d803c 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/git-import.sh
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-import.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 # but is meant to be a simple fast-import example.
 
 if [ -z "$1" -o -z "$2" ]; then
-	echo "Usage: git-import branch import-message"
+	echo "usage: git-import branch import-message"
 	exit 1
 fi
 
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py b/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
index 82f5ed3..d12c296 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
@@ -9,13 +9,18 @@
 ##  git log --stat import-zips
 
 from os import popen, path
-from sys import argv, exit
+from sys import argv, exit, hexversion, stderr
 from time import mktime
 from zipfile import ZipFile
 
+if hexversion < 0x01060000:
+    # The limiter is the zipfile module
+    stderr.write("import-zips.py: requires Python 1.6.0 or later.\n")
+    exit(1)
+
 if len(argv) < 2:
-	print 'Usage:', argv[0], '<zipfile>...'
-	exit(1)
+    print 'usage:', argv[0], '<zipfile>...'
+    exit(1)
 
 branch_ref = 'refs/heads/import-zips'
 committer_name = 'Z Ip Creator'
@@ -23,51 +28,51 @@ committer_email = 'zip@example.com'
 
 fast_import = popen('git fast-import --quiet', 'w')
 def printlines(list):
-	for str in list:
-		fast_import.write(str + "\n")
+    for str in list:
+        fast_import.write(str + "\n")
 
 for zipfile in argv[1:]:
-	commit_time = 0
-	next_mark = 1
-	common_prefix = None
-	mark = dict()
-
-	zip = ZipFile(zipfile, 'r')
-	for name in zip.namelist():
-		if name.endswith('/'):
-			continue
-		info = zip.getinfo(name)
-
-		if commit_time < info.date_time:
-			commit_time = info.date_time
-		if common_prefix == None:
-			common_prefix = name[:name.rfind('/') + 1]
-		else:
-			while not name.startswith(common_prefix):
-				last_slash = common_prefix[:-1].rfind('/') + 1
-				common_prefix = common_prefix[:last_slash]
-
-		mark[name] = ':' + str(next_mark)
-		next_mark += 1
-
-		printlines(('blob', 'mark ' + mark[name], \
-					'data ' + str(info.file_size)))
-		fast_import.write(zip.read(name) + "\n")
-
-	committer = committer_name + ' <' + committer_email + '> %d +0000' % \
-		mktime(commit_time + (0, 0, 0))
-
-	printlines(('commit ' + branch_ref, 'committer ' + committer, \
-		'data <<EOM', 'Imported from ' + zipfile + '.', 'EOM', \
-		'', 'deleteall'))
-
-	for name in mark.keys():
-		fast_import.write('M 100644 ' + mark[name] + ' ' +
-			name[len(common_prefix):] + "\n")
-
-	printlines(('',  'tag ' + path.basename(zipfile), \
-		'from ' + branch_ref, 'tagger ' + committer, \
-		'data <<EOM', 'Package ' + zipfile, 'EOM', ''))
+    commit_time = 0
+    next_mark = 1
+    common_prefix = None
+    mark = dict()
+
+    zip = ZipFile(zipfile, 'r')
+    for name in zip.namelist():
+        if name.endswith('/'):
+            continue
+        info = zip.getinfo(name)
+
+        if commit_time < info.date_time:
+            commit_time = info.date_time
+        if common_prefix == None:
+            common_prefix = name[:name.rfind('/') + 1]
+        else:
+            while not name.startswith(common_prefix):
+                last_slash = common_prefix[:-1].rfind('/') + 1
+                common_prefix = common_prefix[:last_slash]
+
+        mark[name] = ':' + str(next_mark)
+        next_mark += 1
+
+        printlines(('blob', 'mark ' + mark[name], \
+                    'data ' + str(info.file_size)))
+        fast_import.write(zip.read(name) + "\n")
+
+    committer = committer_name + ' <' + committer_email + '> %d +0000' % \
+        mktime(commit_time + (0, 0, 0))
+
+    printlines(('commit ' + branch_ref, 'committer ' + committer, \
+        'data <<EOM', 'Imported from ' + zipfile + '.', 'EOM', \
+        '', 'deleteall'))
+
+    for name in mark.keys():
+        fast_import.write('M 100644 ' + mark[name] + ' ' +
+            name[len(common_prefix):] + "\n")
+
+    printlines(('',  'tag ' + path.basename(zipfile), \
+        'from ' + branch_ref, 'tagger ' + committer, \
+        'data <<EOM', 'Package ' + zipfile, 'EOM', ''))
 
 if fast_import.close():
-	exit(1)
+    exit(1)
diff --git a/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py b/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
index 046cb2b..232625a 100755
--- a/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
+++ b/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@ import os, os.path, sys
 import tempfile, pickle, getopt
 import re
 
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02030000:
+   # The behavior of the pickle module changed significantly in 2.3
+   sys.stderr.write("hg-to-git.py: requires Python 2.3 or later.\n")
+   sys.exit(1)
+
 # Maps hg version -> git version
 hgvers = {}
 # List of children for each hg revision
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email b/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
index b2171a0..0e5b72d 100755
--- a/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
+++ b/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
@@ -237,6 +237,7 @@ generate_email_header()
 	X-Git-Reftype: $refname_type
 	X-Git-Oldrev: $oldrev
 	X-Git-Newrev: $newrev
+	Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
 
 	This is an automated email from the git hooks/post-receive script. It was
 	generated because a ref change was pushed to the repository containing
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/setgitperms.perl b/contrib/hooks/setgitperms.perl
index a577ad0..2770a1b 100644
--- a/contrib/hooks/setgitperms.perl
+++ b/contrib/hooks/setgitperms.perl
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use File::Find;
 use File::Basename;
 
 my $usage =
-"Usage: setgitperms.perl [OPTION]... <--read|--write>
+"usage: setgitperms.perl [OPTION]... <--read|--write>
 This program uses a file `.gitmeta` to store/restore permissions and uid/gid
 info for all files/dirs tracked by git in the repository.
 
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/.gitignore b/contrib/mw-to-git/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b919655
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+git-remote-mediawiki
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile b/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile
index 3ed728b..f149719 100644
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile
@@ -1,47 +1,17 @@
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2012
-#     Charles Roussel <charles.roussel@ensimag.imag.fr>
-#     Simon Cathebras <simon.cathebras@ensimag.imag.fr>
-#     Julien Khayat <julien.khayat@ensimag.imag.fr>
-#     Guillaume Sasdy <guillaume.sasdy@ensimag.imag.fr>
-#     Simon Perrat <simon.perrat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+# Copyright (C) 2013
+#     Matthieu Moy <Matthieu.Moy@imag.fr>
 #
 ## Build git-remote-mediawiki
 
--include ../../config.mak.autogen
--include ../../config.mak
+SCRIPT_PERL=git-remote-mediawiki.perl
+GIT_ROOT_DIR=../..
+HERE=contrib/mw-to-git/
 
-ifndef PERL_PATH
-	PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl
-endif
-ifndef gitexecdir
-	gitexecdir = $(shell git --exec-path)
-endif
+SCRIPT_PERL_FULL=$(patsubst %,$(HERE)/%,$(SCRIPT_PERL))
 
-PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
-gitexecdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexecdir))
-SCRIPT = git-remote-mediawiki
+all: build
 
-.PHONY: install help doc test clean
-
-help:
-	@echo 'This is the help target of the Makefile. Current configuration:'
-	@echo '  gitexecdir = $(gitexecdir_SQ)'
-	@echo '  PERL_PATH = $(PERL_PATH_SQ)'
-	@echo 'Run "$(MAKE) install" to install $(SCRIPT) in gitexecdir'
-	@echo 'Run "$(MAKE) test" to run the testsuite'
-
-install:
-	sed -e '1s|#!.*/perl|#!$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|' $(SCRIPT) \
-		> '$(gitexecdir_SQ)/$(SCRIPT)'
-	chmod +x '$(gitexecdir)/$(SCRIPT)'
-
-doc:
-	@echo 'Sorry, "make doc" is not implemented yet for $(SCRIPT)'
-
-test:
-	$(MAKE) -C t/ test
-
-clean:
-	$(RM) '$(gitexecdir)/$(SCRIPT)'
-	$(MAKE) -C t/ clean
+build install clean:
+	$(MAKE) -C $(GIT_ROOT_DIR) SCRIPT_PERL=$(SCRIPT_PERL_FULL) \
+                $@-perl-script
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki b/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki.perl
index 094129d..9c14c1f 100755
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki.perl
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use warnings;
 use constant SLASH_REPLACEMENT => "%2F";
 
 # It's not always possible to delete pages (may require some
-# priviledges). Deleted pages are replaced with this content.
+# privileges). Deleted pages are replaced with this content.
 use constant DELETED_CONTENT => "[[Category:Deleted]]\n";
 
 # It's not possible to create empty pages. New empty files in Git are
@@ -841,7 +841,7 @@ sub mw_import_ref {
 	if ($fetch_from == 1 && $n == 0) {
 		print STDERR "You appear to have cloned an empty MediaWiki.\n";
 		# Something has to be done remote-helper side. If nothing is done, an error is
-		# thrown saying that HEAD is refering to unknown object 0000000000000000000
+		# thrown saying that HEAD is referring to unknown object 0000000000000000000
 		# and the clone fails.
 	}
 }
@@ -1067,7 +1067,7 @@ sub mw_push_file {
 		my $file_content;
 		if ($page_deleted) {
 			# Deleting a page usually requires
-			# special priviledges. A common
+			# special privileges. A common
 			# convention is to replace the page
 			# with this content instead:
 			$file_content = DELETED_CONTENT;
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki.txt b/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki.txt
index 4d211f5..23b7ef9 100644
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki.txt
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki.txt
@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ objects from mediawiki just as one would do with a classic git
 repository thanks to remote-helpers.
 
 For more information, visit the wiki at
-https://github.com/Bibzball/Git-Mediawiki/wiki
+https://github.com/moy/Git-Mediawiki/wiki
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README
index 96e9739..03f6ee5 100644
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Principles and Technical Choices
 
 The test environment makes it easy to install and manipulate one or
 several MediaWiki instances. To allow developers to run the testsuite
-easily, the environment does not require root priviledge (except to
+easily, the environment does not require root privilege (except to
 install the required packages if needed). It starts a webserver
 instance on the user's account (using lighttpd greatly helps for
 that), and does not need a separate database daemon (thanks to the use
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ parameters, please refer to the `test-gitmw-lib.sh` and
 
 ** `test_check_wiki_precond`:
 Check if the tests must be skipped or not. Please use this function
-at the beggining of each new test file.
+at the beginning of each new test file.
 
 ** `wiki_getpage`:
 Fetch a given page from the wiki and puts its content in the
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ Tests if a given page exists on the wiki.
 
 ** `wiki_reset`:
 Reset the wiki, i.e. flush the database. Use this function at the
-begining of each new test, except if the test re-uses the same wiki
+beginning of each new test, except if the test re-uses the same wiki
 (and history) as the previous test.
 
 How to write a new test
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki.sh
index c6d6fa3..70a53f6 100755
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki.sh
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ fi
 
 . "$WIKI_TEST_DIR"/test-gitmw-lib.sh
 usage () {
-	echo "Usage: "
+	echo "usage: "
 	echo "	./install-wiki.sh <install | delete | --help>"
 	echo "		install | -i :	Install a wiki on your computer."
 	echo "		delete | -d : Delete the wiki and all its pages and "
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/LocalSettings.php b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/LocalSettings.php
index 29f1251..745e47e 100644
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/LocalSettings.php
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/LocalSettings.php
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ $wgShellLocale = "en_US.utf8";
 
 ## Set $wgCacheDirectory to a writable directory on the web server
 ## to make your wiki go slightly faster. The directory should not
-## be publically accessible from the web.
+## be publicly accessible from the web.
 #$wgCacheDirectory = "$IP/cache";
 
 # Site language code, should be one of the list in ./languages/Names.php
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9362-mw-to-git-utf8.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9362-mw-to-git-utf8.sh
index b6405ce..37021e2 100755
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9362-mw-to-git-utf8.sh
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9362-mw-to-git-utf8.sh
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ test_expect_success 'character $ in file name (git -> mw) ' '
 '
 
 
-test_expect_failure 'capital at the begining of file names' '
+test_expect_failure 'capital at the beginning of file names' '
 	wiki_reset &&
 	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_10 &&
 	(
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ test_expect_failure 'capital at the begining of file names' '
 '
 
 
-test_expect_failure 'special character at the begining of file name from mw to git' '
+test_expect_failure 'special character at the beginning of file name from mw to git' '
 	wiki_reset &&
 	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_11 &&
 	wiki_editpage {char_1 "expect to be renamed {char_1" false &&
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Push page with title containing ":" other than namespace se
 	wiki_page_exist NotANameSpace:Page
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'test of correct formating for file name from mw to git' '
+test_expect_success 'test of correct formatting for file name from mw to git' '
 	wiki_reset &&
 	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_12 &&
 	wiki_editpage char_%_7b_1 "expect to be renamed char{_1" false &&
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test of correct formating for file name from mw to git' '
 '
 
 
-test_expect_failure 'test of correct formating for file name begining with special character' '
+test_expect_failure 'test of correct formatting for file name beginning with special character' '
 	wiki_reset &&
 	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_13 &&
 	(
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ test_expect_failure 'test of correct formating for file name begining with speci
 		echo "my new file {char_1" >\{char_1.mw &&
 		echo "my new file [char_2" >\[char_2.mw &&
 		git add . &&
-		git commit -am "commiting some exotic file name..." &&
+		git commit -am "committing some exotic file name..." &&
 		git push &&
 		git pull
 	) &&
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ test_expect_failure 'test of correct formating for file name begining with speci
 '
 
 
-test_expect_success 'test of correct formating for file name from git to mw' '
+test_expect_success 'test of correct formatting for file name from git to mw' '
 	wiki_reset &&
 	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_14 &&
 	(
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test of correct formating for file name from git to mw' '
 		echo "my new file char{_1" >Char\{_1.mw &&
 		echo "my new file char[_2" >Char\[_2.mw &&
 		git add . &&
-		git commit -m "commiting some exotic file name..." &&
+		git commit -m "committing some exotic file name..." &&
 		git push
 	) &&
 	wiki_getallpage ref_page_14 &&
diff --git a/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.py b/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.py
index b6e534b..593d6a0 100644
--- a/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.py
+++ b/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.py
@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ import sys
 import time
 import getopt
 
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02020000:
+   # The behavior of the marshal module changed significantly in 2.2
+   sys.stderr.write("git-p4import.py: requires Python 2.2 or later.\n")
+   sys.exit(1)
+
 from signal import signal, \
    SIGPIPE, SIGINT, SIG_DFL, \
    default_int_handler
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/Makefile b/contrib/remote-helpers/Makefile
index 9a76575..239161d 100644
--- a/contrib/remote-helpers/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/Makefile
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ TESTS := $(wildcard test*.sh)
 export T := $(addprefix $(CURDIR)/,$(TESTS))
 export MAKE := $(MAKE) -e
 export PATH := $(CURDIR):$(PATH)
+export TEST_LINT := test-lint-executable test-lint-shell-syntax
 
 test:
 	$(MAKE) -C ../../t $@
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-bzr b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-bzr
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..10300c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-bzr
@@ -0,0 +1,959 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+#
+
+#
+# Just copy to your ~/bin, or anywhere in your $PATH.
+# Then you can clone with:
+# % git clone bzr::/path/to/bzr/repo/or/url
+#
+# For example:
+# % git clone bzr::$HOME/myrepo
+# or
+# % git clone bzr::lp:myrepo
+#
+# If you want to specify which branches you want track (per repo):
+# git config remote-bzr.branches 'trunk, devel, test'
+#
+
+import sys
+
+import bzrlib
+if hasattr(bzrlib, "initialize"):
+    bzrlib.initialize()
+
+import bzrlib.plugin
+bzrlib.plugin.load_plugins()
+
+import bzrlib.generate_ids
+import bzrlib.transport
+import bzrlib.errors
+import bzrlib.ui
+import bzrlib.urlutils
+import bzrlib.branch
+
+import sys
+import os
+import json
+import re
+import StringIO
+import atexit, shutil, hashlib, urlparse, subprocess
+
+NAME_RE = re.compile('^([^<>]+)')
+AUTHOR_RE = re.compile('^([^<>]+?)? ?<([^<>]*)>$')
+EMAIL_RE = re.compile('^([^<>]+[^ \\\t<>])?\\b(?:[ \\t<>]*?)\\b([^ \\t<>]+@[^ \\t<>]+)')
+RAW_AUTHOR_RE = re.compile('^(\w+) (.+)? <(.*)> (\d+) ([+-]\d+)')
+
+def die(msg, *args):
+    sys.stderr.write('ERROR: %s\n' % (msg % args))
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+def warn(msg, *args):
+    sys.stderr.write('WARNING: %s\n' % (msg % args))
+
+def gittz(tz):
+    return '%+03d%02d' % (tz / 3600, tz % 3600 / 60)
+
+def get_config(config):
+    cmd = ['git', 'config', '--get', config]
+    process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+    output, _ = process.communicate()
+    return output
+
+class Marks:
+
+    def __init__(self, path):
+        self.path = path
+        self.tips = {}
+        self.marks = {}
+        self.rev_marks = {}
+        self.last_mark = 0
+        self.load()
+
+    def load(self):
+        if not os.path.exists(self.path):
+            return
+
+        tmp = json.load(open(self.path))
+        self.tips = tmp['tips']
+        self.marks = tmp['marks']
+        self.last_mark = tmp['last-mark']
+
+        for rev, mark in self.marks.iteritems():
+            self.rev_marks[mark] = rev
+
+    def dict(self):
+        return { 'tips': self.tips, 'marks': self.marks, 'last-mark' : self.last_mark }
+
+    def store(self):
+        json.dump(self.dict(), open(self.path, 'w'))
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.dict())
+
+    def from_rev(self, rev):
+        return self.marks[rev]
+
+    def to_rev(self, mark):
+        return str(self.rev_marks[mark])
+
+    def next_mark(self):
+        self.last_mark += 1
+        return self.last_mark
+
+    def get_mark(self, rev):
+        self.last_mark += 1
+        self.marks[rev] = self.last_mark
+        return self.last_mark
+
+    def is_marked(self, rev):
+        return rev in self.marks
+
+    def new_mark(self, rev, mark):
+        self.marks[rev] = mark
+        self.rev_marks[mark] = rev
+        self.last_mark = mark
+
+    def get_tip(self, branch):
+        return self.tips.get(branch, None)
+
+    def set_tip(self, branch, tip):
+        self.tips[branch] = tip
+
+class Parser:
+
+    def __init__(self, repo):
+        self.repo = repo
+        self.line = self.get_line()
+
+    def get_line(self):
+        return sys.stdin.readline().strip()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, i):
+        return self.line.split()[i]
+
+    def check(self, word):
+        return self.line.startswith(word)
+
+    def each_block(self, separator):
+        while self.line != separator:
+            yield self.line
+            self.line = self.get_line()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self.each_block('')
+
+    def next(self):
+        self.line = self.get_line()
+        if self.line == 'done':
+            self.line = None
+
+    def get_mark(self):
+        i = self.line.index(':') + 1
+        return int(self.line[i:])
+
+    def get_data(self):
+        if not self.check('data'):
+            return None
+        i = self.line.index(' ') + 1
+        size = int(self.line[i:])
+        return sys.stdin.read(size)
+
+    def get_author(self):
+        m = RAW_AUTHOR_RE.match(self.line)
+        if not m:
+            return None
+        _, name, email, date, tz = m.groups()
+        committer = '%s <%s>' % (name, email)
+        tz = int(tz)
+        tz = ((tz / 100) * 3600) + ((tz % 100) * 60)
+        return (committer, int(date), tz)
+
+def rev_to_mark(rev):
+    global marks
+    return marks.from_rev(rev)
+
+def mark_to_rev(mark):
+    global marks
+    return marks.to_rev(mark)
+
+def fixup_user(user):
+    name = mail = None
+    user = user.replace('"', '')
+    m = AUTHOR_RE.match(user)
+    if m:
+        name = m.group(1)
+        mail = m.group(2).strip()
+    else:
+        m = EMAIL_RE.match(user)
+        if m:
+            name = m.group(1)
+            mail = m.group(2)
+        else:
+            m = NAME_RE.match(user)
+            if m:
+                name = m.group(1).strip()
+
+    if not name:
+        name = 'unknown'
+    if not mail:
+        mail = 'Unknown'
+
+    return '%s <%s>' % (name, mail)
+
+def get_filechanges(cur, prev):
+    modified = {}
+    removed = {}
+
+    changes = cur.changes_from(prev)
+
+    def u(s):
+        return s.encode('utf-8')
+
+    for path, fid, kind in changes.added:
+        modified[u(path)] = fid
+    for path, fid, kind in changes.removed:
+        removed[u(path)] = None
+    for path, fid, kind, mod, _ in changes.modified:
+        modified[u(path)] = fid
+    for oldpath, newpath, fid, kind, mod, _ in changes.renamed:
+        removed[u(oldpath)] = None
+        if kind == 'directory':
+            lst = cur.list_files(from_dir=newpath, recursive=True)
+            for path, file_class, kind, fid, entry in lst:
+                if kind != 'directory':
+                    modified[u(newpath + '/' + path)] = fid
+        else:
+            modified[u(newpath)] = fid
+
+    return modified, removed
+
+def export_files(tree, files):
+    global marks, filenodes
+
+    final = []
+    for path, fid in files.iteritems():
+        kind = tree.kind(fid)
+
+        h = tree.get_file_sha1(fid)
+
+        if kind == 'symlink':
+            d = tree.get_symlink_target(fid)
+            mode = '120000'
+        elif kind == 'file':
+
+            if tree.is_executable(fid):
+                mode = '100755'
+            else:
+                mode = '100644'
+
+            # is the blob already exported?
+            if h in filenodes:
+                mark = filenodes[h]
+                final.append((mode, mark, path))
+                continue
+
+            d = tree.get_file_text(fid)
+        elif kind == 'directory':
+            continue
+        else:
+            die("Unhandled kind '%s' for path '%s'" % (kind, path))
+
+        mark = marks.next_mark()
+        filenodes[h] = mark
+
+        print "blob"
+        print "mark :%u" % mark
+        print "data %d" % len(d)
+        print d
+
+        final.append((mode, mark, path))
+
+    return final
+
+def export_branch(repo, name):
+    global prefix
+
+    ref = '%s/heads/%s' % (prefix, name)
+    tip = marks.get_tip(name)
+
+    branch = bzrlib.branch.Branch.open(branches[name])
+    repo = branch.repository
+
+    branch.lock_read()
+    revs = branch.iter_merge_sorted_revisions(None, tip, 'exclude', 'forward')
+    try:
+        tip_revno = branch.revision_id_to_revno(tip)
+        last_revno, _ = branch.last_revision_info()
+        total = last_revno - tip_revno
+    except bzrlib.errors.NoSuchRevision:
+        tip_revno = 0
+        total = 0
+
+    for revid, _, seq, _ in revs:
+
+        if marks.is_marked(revid):
+            continue
+
+        rev = repo.get_revision(revid)
+        revno = seq[0]
+
+        parents = rev.parent_ids
+        time = rev.timestamp
+        tz = rev.timezone
+        committer = rev.committer.encode('utf-8')
+        committer = "%s %u %s" % (fixup_user(committer), time, gittz(tz))
+        authors = rev.get_apparent_authors()
+        if authors:
+            author = authors[0].encode('utf-8')
+            author = "%s %u %s" % (fixup_user(author), time, gittz(tz))
+        else:
+            author = committer
+        msg = rev.message.encode('utf-8')
+
+        msg += '\n'
+
+        if len(parents) == 0:
+            parent = bzrlib.revision.NULL_REVISION
+        else:
+            parent = parents[0]
+
+        cur_tree = repo.revision_tree(revid)
+        prev = repo.revision_tree(parent)
+        modified, removed = get_filechanges(cur_tree, prev)
+
+        modified_final = export_files(cur_tree, modified)
+
+        if len(parents) == 0:
+            print 'reset %s' % ref
+
+        print "commit %s" % ref
+        print "mark :%d" % (marks.get_mark(revid))
+        print "author %s" % (author)
+        print "committer %s" % (committer)
+        print "data %d" % (len(msg))
+        print msg
+
+        for i, p in enumerate(parents):
+            try:
+                m = rev_to_mark(p)
+            except KeyError:
+                # ghost?
+                continue
+            if i == 0:
+                print "from :%s" % m
+            else:
+                print "merge :%s" % m
+
+        for f in removed:
+            print "D %s" % (f,)
+        for f in modified_final:
+            print "M %s :%u %s" % f
+        print
+
+        if len(seq) > 1:
+            # let's skip branch revisions from the progress report
+            continue
+
+        progress = (revno - tip_revno)
+        if (progress % 100 == 0):
+            if total:
+                print "progress revision %d '%s' (%d/%d)" % (revno, name, progress, total)
+            else:
+                print "progress revision %d '%s' (%d)" % (revno, name, progress)
+
+    branch.unlock()
+
+    revid = branch.last_revision()
+
+    # make sure the ref is updated
+    print "reset %s" % ref
+    print "from :%u" % rev_to_mark(revid)
+    print
+
+    marks.set_tip(name, revid)
+
+def export_tag(repo, name):
+    global tags, prefix
+
+    ref = '%s/tags/%s' % (prefix, name)
+    print "reset %s" % ref
+    print "from :%u" % rev_to_mark(tags[name])
+    print
+
+def do_import(parser):
+    global dirname
+
+    repo = parser.repo
+    path = os.path.join(dirname, 'marks-git')
+
+    print "feature done"
+    if os.path.exists(path):
+        print "feature import-marks=%s" % path
+    print "feature export-marks=%s" % path
+    print "feature force"
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    while parser.check('import'):
+        ref = parser[1]
+        if ref.startswith('refs/heads/'):
+            name = ref[len('refs/heads/'):]
+            export_branch(repo, name)
+        if ref.startswith('refs/tags/'):
+            name = ref[len('refs/tags/'):]
+            export_tag(repo, name)
+        parser.next()
+
+    print 'done'
+
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+def parse_blob(parser):
+    global blob_marks
+
+    parser.next()
+    mark = parser.get_mark()
+    parser.next()
+    data = parser.get_data()
+    blob_marks[mark] = data
+    parser.next()
+
+class CustomTree():
+
+    def __init__(self, branch, revid, parents, files):
+        global files_cache
+
+        self.updates = {}
+        self.branch = branch
+
+        def copy_tree(revid):
+            files = files_cache[revid] = {}
+            branch.lock_read()
+            tree = branch.repository.revision_tree(revid)
+            try:
+                for path, entry in tree.iter_entries_by_dir():
+                    files[path] = [entry.file_id, None]
+            finally:
+                branch.unlock()
+            return files
+
+        if len(parents) == 0:
+            self.base_id = bzrlib.revision.NULL_REVISION
+            self.base_files = {}
+        else:
+            self.base_id = parents[0]
+            self.base_files = files_cache.get(self.base_id, None)
+            if not self.base_files:
+                self.base_files = copy_tree(self.base_id)
+
+        self.files = files_cache[revid] = self.base_files.copy()
+        self.rev_files = {}
+
+        for path, data in self.files.iteritems():
+            fid, mark = data
+            self.rev_files[fid] = [path, mark]
+
+        for path, f in files.iteritems():
+            fid, mark = self.files.get(path, [None, None])
+            if not fid:
+                fid = bzrlib.generate_ids.gen_file_id(path)
+            f['path'] = path
+            self.rev_files[fid] = [path, mark]
+            self.updates[fid] = f
+
+    def last_revision(self):
+        return self.base_id
+
+    def iter_changes(self):
+        changes = []
+
+        def get_parent(dirname, basename):
+            parent_fid, mark = self.base_files.get(dirname, [None, None])
+            if parent_fid:
+                return parent_fid
+            parent_fid, mark = self.files.get(dirname, [None, None])
+            if parent_fid:
+                return parent_fid
+            if basename == '':
+                return None
+            fid = bzrlib.generate_ids.gen_file_id(path)
+            add_entry(fid, dirname, 'directory')
+            return fid
+
+        def add_entry(fid, path, kind, mode = None):
+            dirname, basename = os.path.split(path)
+            parent_fid = get_parent(dirname, basename)
+
+            executable = False
+            if mode == '100755':
+                executable = True
+            elif mode == '120000':
+                kind = 'symlink'
+
+            change = (fid,
+                    (None, path),
+                    True,
+                    (False, True),
+                    (None, parent_fid),
+                    (None, basename),
+                    (None, kind),
+                    (None, executable))
+            self.files[path] = [change[0], None]
+            changes.append(change)
+
+        def update_entry(fid, path, kind, mode = None):
+            dirname, basename = os.path.split(path)
+            parent_fid = get_parent(dirname, basename)
+
+            executable = False
+            if mode == '100755':
+                executable = True
+            elif mode == '120000':
+                kind = 'symlink'
+
+            change = (fid,
+                    (path, path),
+                    True,
+                    (True, True),
+                    (None, parent_fid),
+                    (None, basename),
+                    (None, kind),
+                    (None, executable))
+            self.files[path] = [change[0], None]
+            changes.append(change)
+
+        def remove_entry(fid, path, kind):
+            dirname, basename = os.path.split(path)
+            parent_fid = get_parent(dirname, basename)
+            change = (fid,
+                    (path, None),
+                    True,
+                    (True, False),
+                    (parent_fid, None),
+                    (None, None),
+                    (None, None),
+                    (None, None))
+            del self.files[path]
+            changes.append(change)
+
+        for fid, f in self.updates.iteritems():
+            path = f['path']
+
+            if 'deleted' in f:
+                remove_entry(fid, path, 'file')
+                continue
+
+            if path in self.base_files:
+                update_entry(fid, path, 'file', f['mode'])
+            else:
+                add_entry(fid, path, 'file', f['mode'])
+
+            self.files[path][1] = f['mark']
+            self.rev_files[fid][1] = f['mark']
+
+        return changes
+
+    def get_content(self, file_id):
+        path, mark = self.rev_files[file_id]
+        if mark:
+            return blob_marks[mark]
+
+        # last resort
+        tree = self.branch.repository.revision_tree(self.base_id)
+        return tree.get_file_text(file_id)
+
+    def get_file_with_stat(self, file_id, path=None):
+        content = self.get_content(file_id)
+        return (StringIO.StringIO(content), None)
+
+    def get_symlink_target(self, file_id):
+        return self.get_content(file_id)
+
+    def id2path(self, file_id):
+        path, mark = self.rev_files[file_id]
+        return path
+
+def c_style_unescape(string):
+    if string[0] == string[-1] == '"':
+        return string.decode('string-escape')[1:-1]
+    return string
+
+def parse_commit(parser):
+    global marks, blob_marks, parsed_refs
+    global mode
+
+    parents = []
+
+    ref = parser[1]
+    parser.next()
+
+    if ref.startswith('refs/heads/'):
+        name = ref[len('refs/heads/'):]
+        branch = bzrlib.branch.Branch.open(branches[name])
+    else:
+        die('unknown ref')
+
+    commit_mark = parser.get_mark()
+    parser.next()
+    author = parser.get_author()
+    parser.next()
+    committer = parser.get_author()
+    parser.next()
+    data = parser.get_data()
+    parser.next()
+    if parser.check('from'):
+        parents.append(parser.get_mark())
+        parser.next()
+    while parser.check('merge'):
+        parents.append(parser.get_mark())
+        parser.next()
+
+    # fast-export adds an extra newline
+    if data[-1] == '\n':
+        data = data[:-1]
+
+    files = {}
+
+    for line in parser:
+        if parser.check('M'):
+            t, m, mark_ref, path = line.split(' ', 3)
+            mark = int(mark_ref[1:])
+            f = { 'mode' : m, 'mark' : mark }
+        elif parser.check('D'):
+            t, path = line.split(' ')
+            f = { 'deleted' : True }
+        else:
+            die('Unknown file command: %s' % line)
+        path = c_style_unescape(path).decode('utf-8')
+        files[path] = f
+
+    committer, date, tz = committer
+    parents = [mark_to_rev(p) for p in parents]
+    revid = bzrlib.generate_ids.gen_revision_id(committer, date)
+    props = {}
+    props['branch-nick'] = branch.nick
+
+    mtree = CustomTree(branch, revid, parents, files)
+    changes = mtree.iter_changes()
+
+    branch.lock_write()
+    try:
+        builder = branch.get_commit_builder(parents, None, date, tz, committer, props, revid)
+        try:
+            list(builder.record_iter_changes(mtree, mtree.last_revision(), changes))
+            builder.finish_inventory()
+            builder.commit(data.decode('utf-8', 'replace'))
+        except Exception, e:
+            builder.abort()
+            raise
+    finally:
+        branch.unlock()
+
+    parsed_refs[ref] = revid
+    marks.new_mark(revid, commit_mark)
+
+def parse_reset(parser):
+    global parsed_refs
+
+    ref = parser[1]
+    parser.next()
+
+    # ugh
+    if parser.check('commit'):
+        parse_commit(parser)
+        return
+    if not parser.check('from'):
+        return
+    from_mark = parser.get_mark()
+    parser.next()
+
+    parsed_refs[ref] = mark_to_rev(from_mark)
+
+def do_export(parser):
+    global parsed_refs, dirname
+
+    parser.next()
+
+    for line in parser.each_block('done'):
+        if parser.check('blob'):
+            parse_blob(parser)
+        elif parser.check('commit'):
+            parse_commit(parser)
+        elif parser.check('reset'):
+            parse_reset(parser)
+        elif parser.check('tag'):
+            pass
+        elif parser.check('feature'):
+            pass
+        else:
+            die('unhandled export command: %s' % line)
+
+    for ref, revid in parsed_refs.iteritems():
+        if ref.startswith('refs/heads/'):
+            name = ref[len('refs/heads/'):]
+            branch = bzrlib.branch.Branch.open(branches[name])
+            branch.generate_revision_history(revid, marks.get_tip(name))
+
+            if name in peers:
+                peer = bzrlib.branch.Branch.open(peers[name])
+                try:
+                    peer.bzrdir.push_branch(branch, revision_id=revid)
+                except bzrlib.errors.DivergedBranches:
+                    print "error %s non-fast forward" % ref
+                    continue
+
+            try:
+                wt = branch.bzrdir.open_workingtree()
+                wt.update()
+            except bzrlib.errors.NoWorkingTree:
+                pass
+        elif ref.startswith('refs/tags/'):
+            # TODO: implement tag push
+            print "error %s pushing tags not supported" % ref
+            continue
+        else:
+            # transport-helper/fast-export bugs
+            continue
+
+        print "ok %s" % ref
+
+    print
+
+def do_capabilities(parser):
+    global dirname
+
+    print "import"
+    print "export"
+    print "refspec refs/heads/*:%s/heads/*" % prefix
+    print "refspec refs/tags/*:%s/tags/*" % prefix
+
+    path = os.path.join(dirname, 'marks-git')
+
+    if os.path.exists(path):
+        print "*import-marks %s" % path
+    print "*export-marks %s" % path
+
+    print
+
+def ref_is_valid(name):
+    return not True in [c in name for c in '~^: \\']
+
+def do_list(parser):
+    global tags
+
+    master_branch = None
+
+    for name in branches:
+        if not master_branch:
+            master_branch = name
+        print "? refs/heads/%s" % name
+
+    branch = bzrlib.branch.Branch.open(branches[master_branch])
+    branch.lock_read()
+    for tag, revid in branch.tags.get_tag_dict().items():
+        try:
+            branch.revision_id_to_dotted_revno(revid)
+        except bzrlib.errors.NoSuchRevision:
+            continue
+        if not ref_is_valid(tag):
+            continue
+        print "? refs/tags/%s" % tag
+        tags[tag] = revid
+    branch.unlock()
+
+    print "@refs/heads/%s HEAD" % master_branch
+    print
+
+def get_remote_branch(origin, remote_branch, name):
+    global dirname, peers
+
+    branch_path = os.path.join(dirname, 'clone', name)
+    if os.path.exists(branch_path):
+        # pull
+        d = bzrlib.bzrdir.BzrDir.open(branch_path)
+        branch = d.open_branch()
+        try:
+            branch.pull(remote_branch, [], None, False)
+        except bzrlib.errors.DivergedBranches:
+            # use remote branch for now
+            return remote_branch
+    else:
+        # clone
+        d = origin.sprout(branch_path, None,
+                hardlink=True, create_tree_if_local=False,
+                force_new_repo=False,
+                source_branch=remote_branch)
+        branch = d.open_branch()
+
+    return branch
+
+def find_branches(repo, wanted):
+    transport = repo.bzrdir.root_transport
+
+    for fn in transport.iter_files_recursive():
+        if not fn.endswith('.bzr/branch-format'):
+            continue
+
+        name = subdir = fn[:-len('/.bzr/branch-format')]
+        name = name if name != '' else 'master'
+        name = name.replace('/', '+')
+
+        if wanted and not name in wanted:
+            continue
+
+        try:
+            cur = transport.clone(subdir)
+            branch = bzrlib.branch.Branch.open_from_transport(cur)
+        except bzrlib.errors.NotBranchError:
+            continue
+        else:
+            yield name, branch
+
+def get_repo(url, alias):
+    global dirname, peer, branches
+
+    normal_url = bzrlib.urlutils.normalize_url(url)
+    origin = bzrlib.bzrdir.BzrDir.open(url)
+    is_local = isinstance(origin.transport, bzrlib.transport.local.LocalTransport)
+
+    shared_path = os.path.join(gitdir, 'bzr')
+    try:
+        shared_dir = bzrlib.bzrdir.BzrDir.open(shared_path)
+    except bzrlib.errors.NotBranchError:
+        shared_dir = bzrlib.bzrdir.BzrDir.create(shared_path)
+    try:
+        shared_repo = shared_dir.open_repository()
+    except bzrlib.errors.NoRepositoryPresent:
+        shared_repo = shared_dir.create_repository(shared=True)
+
+    if not is_local:
+        clone_path = os.path.join(dirname, 'clone')
+        if not os.path.exists(clone_path):
+            os.mkdir(clone_path)
+        else:
+            # check and remove old organization
+            try:
+                bdir = bzrlib.bzrdir.BzrDir.open(clone_path)
+                bdir.destroy_repository()
+            except bzrlib.errors.NotBranchError:
+                pass
+            except bzrlib.errors.NoRepositoryPresent:
+                pass
+
+    try:
+        repo = origin.open_repository()
+        if not repo.user_transport.listable():
+            # this repository is not usable for us
+            raise bzrlib.errors.NoRepositoryPresent(repo.bzrdir)
+    except bzrlib.errors.NoRepositoryPresent:
+        # branch
+
+        name = 'master'
+        remote_branch = origin.open_branch()
+
+        if not is_local:
+            peers[name] = remote_branch.base
+            branch = get_remote_branch(origin, remote_branch, name)
+        else:
+            branch = remote_branch
+
+        branches[name] = branch.base
+
+        return branch.repository
+    else:
+        # repository
+
+        wanted = get_config('remote-bzr.branches').rstrip().split(', ')
+        # stupid python
+        wanted = [e for e in wanted if e]
+
+        for name, remote_branch in find_branches(repo, wanted):
+
+            if not is_local:
+                peers[name] = remote_branch.base
+                branch = get_remote_branch(origin, remote_branch, name)
+            else:
+                branch = remote_branch
+
+            branches[name] = branch.base
+
+        return repo
+
+def fix_path(alias, orig_url):
+    url = urlparse.urlparse(orig_url, 'file')
+    if url.scheme != 'file' or os.path.isabs(url.path):
+        return
+    abs_url = urlparse.urljoin("%s/" % os.getcwd(), orig_url)
+    cmd = ['git', 'config', 'remote.%s.url' % alias, "bzr::%s" % abs_url]
+    subprocess.call(cmd)
+
+def main(args):
+    global marks, prefix, gitdir, dirname
+    global tags, filenodes
+    global blob_marks
+    global parsed_refs
+    global files_cache
+    global is_tmp
+    global branches, peers
+
+    alias = args[1]
+    url = args[2]
+
+    tags = {}
+    filenodes = {}
+    blob_marks = {}
+    parsed_refs = {}
+    files_cache = {}
+    marks = None
+    branches = {}
+    peers = {}
+
+    if alias[5:] == url:
+        is_tmp = True
+        alias = hashlib.sha1(alias).hexdigest()
+    else:
+        is_tmp = False
+
+    prefix = 'refs/bzr/%s' % alias
+    gitdir = os.environ['GIT_DIR']
+    dirname = os.path.join(gitdir, 'bzr', alias)
+
+    if not is_tmp:
+        fix_path(alias, url)
+
+    if not os.path.exists(dirname):
+        os.makedirs(dirname)
+
+    if hasattr(bzrlib.ui.ui_factory, 'be_quiet'):
+        bzrlib.ui.ui_factory.be_quiet(True)
+
+    repo = get_repo(url, alias)
+
+    marks_path = os.path.join(dirname, 'marks-int')
+    marks = Marks(marks_path)
+
+    parser = Parser(repo)
+    for line in parser:
+        if parser.check('capabilities'):
+            do_capabilities(parser)
+        elif parser.check('list'):
+            do_list(parser)
+        elif parser.check('import'):
+            do_import(parser)
+        elif parser.check('export'):
+            do_export(parser)
+        else:
+            die('unhandled command: %s' % line)
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+
+def bye():
+    if not marks:
+        return
+    if not is_tmp:
+        marks.store()
+    else:
+        shutil.rmtree(dirname)
+
+atexit.register(bye)
+sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg
index c700600..1dd3d70 100755
--- a/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg
@@ -8,8 +8,11 @@
 # Just copy to your ~/bin, or anywhere in your $PATH.
 # Then you can clone with:
 # git clone hg::/path/to/mercurial/repo/
+#
+# For remote repositories a local clone is stored in
+# "$GIT_DIR/hg/origin/clone/.hg/".
 
-from mercurial import hg, ui, bookmarks, context, util, encoding
+from mercurial import hg, ui, bookmarks, context, encoding, node, error, extensions
 
 import re
 import sys
@@ -18,8 +21,20 @@ import json
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import urllib
+import atexit
+import urlparse, hashlib
 
 #
+# If you are not in hg-git-compat mode and want to disable the tracking of
+# named branches:
+# git config --global remote-hg.track-branches false
+#
+# If you don't want to force pushes (and thus risk creating new remote heads):
+# git config --global remote-hg.force-push false
+#
+# If you want the equivalent of hg's clone/pull--insecure option:
+# git config --global remote-hg.insecure true
+#
 # If you want to switch to hg-git compatibility mode:
 # git config --global remote-hg.hg-git-compat true
 #
@@ -36,6 +51,7 @@ import urllib
 
 NAME_RE = re.compile('^([^<>]+)')
 AUTHOR_RE = re.compile('^([^<>]+?)? ?<([^<>]*)>$')
+EMAIL_RE = re.compile('^([^<>]+[^ \\\t<>])?\\b(?:[ \\t<>]*?)\\b([^ \\t<>]+@[^ \\t<>]+)')
 AUTHOR_HG_RE = re.compile('^(.*?) ?<(.*?)(?:>(.+)?)?$')
 RAW_AUTHOR_RE = re.compile('^(\w+) (?:(.+)? )?<(.*)> (\d+) ([+-]\d+)')
 
@@ -53,15 +69,33 @@ def gittz(tz):
     return '%+03d%02d' % (-tz / 3600, -tz % 3600 / 60)
 
 def hgmode(mode):
-    m = { '0100755': 'x', '0120000': 'l' }
+    m = { '100755': 'x', '120000': 'l' }
     return m.get(mode, '')
 
+def hghex(node):
+    return hg.node.hex(node)
+
+def hgref(ref):
+    return ref.replace('___', ' ')
+
+def gitref(ref):
+    return ref.replace(' ', '___')
+
 def get_config(config):
     cmd = ['git', 'config', '--get', config]
     process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
     output, _ = process.communicate()
     return output
 
+def get_config_bool(config, default=False):
+    value = get_config(config).rstrip('\n')
+    if value == "true":
+        return True
+    elif value == "false":
+        return False
+    else:
+        return default
+
 class Marks:
 
     def __init__(self, path):
@@ -101,6 +135,10 @@ class Marks:
     def to_rev(self, mark):
         return self.rev_marks[mark]
 
+    def next_mark(self):
+        self.last_mark += 1
+        return self.last_mark
+
     def get_mark(self, rev):
         self.last_mark += 1
         self.marks[str(rev)] = self.last_mark
@@ -112,7 +150,7 @@ class Marks:
         self.last_mark = mark
 
     def is_marked(self, rev):
-        return self.marks.has_key(str(rev))
+        return str(rev) in self.marks
 
     def get_tip(self, branch):
         return self.tips.get(branch, 0)
@@ -188,19 +226,43 @@ class Parser:
         tz = ((tz / 100) * 3600) + ((tz % 100) * 60)
         return (user, int(date), -tz)
 
-def export_file(fc):
-    d = fc.data()
-    print "M %s inline %s" % (gitmode(fc.flags()), fc.path())
-    print "data %d" % len(d)
-    print d
+def fix_file_path(path):
+    if not os.path.isabs(path):
+        return path
+    return os.path.relpath(path, '/')
+
+def export_files(files):
+    global marks, filenodes
+
+    final = []
+    for f in files:
+        fid = node.hex(f.filenode())
+
+        if fid in filenodes:
+            mark = filenodes[fid]
+        else:
+            mark = marks.next_mark()
+            filenodes[fid] = mark
+            d = f.data()
+
+            print "blob"
+            print "mark :%u" % mark
+            print "data %d" % len(d)
+            print d
+
+        path = fix_file_path(f.path())
+        final.append((gitmode(f.flags()), mark, path))
+
+    return final
 
 def get_filechanges(repo, ctx, parent):
     modified = set()
     added = set()
     removed = set()
 
-    cur = ctx.manifest()
+    # load earliest manifest first for caching reasons
     prev = repo[parent].manifest().copy()
+    cur = ctx.manifest()
 
     for fn in cur:
         if fn in prev:
@@ -221,9 +283,14 @@ def fixup_user_git(user):
         name = m.group(1)
         mail = m.group(2).strip()
     else:
-        m = NAME_RE.match(user)
+        m = EMAIL_RE.match(user)
         if m:
-            name = m.group(1).strip()
+            name = m.group(1)
+            mail = m.group(2)
+        else:
+            m = NAME_RE.match(user)
+            if m:
+                name = m.group(1).strip()
     return (name, mail)
 
 def fixup_user_hg(user):
@@ -267,17 +334,33 @@ def get_repo(url, alias):
 
     myui = ui.ui()
     myui.setconfig('ui', 'interactive', 'off')
+    myui.fout = sys.stderr
+
+    if get_config_bool('remote-hg.insecure'):
+        myui.setconfig('web', 'cacerts', '')
+
+    try:
+        mod = extensions.load(myui, 'hgext.schemes', None)
+        mod.extsetup(myui)
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
 
     if hg.islocal(url):
         repo = hg.repository(myui, url)
     else:
         local_path = os.path.join(dirname, 'clone')
         if not os.path.exists(local_path):
-            peer, dstpeer = hg.clone(myui, {}, url, local_path, update=False, pull=True)
+            try:
+                peer, dstpeer = hg.clone(myui, {}, url, local_path, update=True, pull=True)
+            except:
+                die('Repository error')
             repo = dstpeer.local()
         else:
             repo = hg.repository(myui, local_path)
-            peer = hg.peer(myui, {}, url)
+            try:
+                peer = hg.peer(myui, {}, url)
+            except:
+                die('Repository error')
             repo.pull(peer, heads=None, force=True)
 
     return repo
@@ -296,10 +379,6 @@ def export_ref(repo, name, kind, head):
     ename = '%s/%s' % (kind, name)
     tip = marks.get_tip(ename)
 
-    # mercurial takes too much time checking this
-    if tip and tip == head.rev():
-        # nothing to do
-        return
     revs = xrange(tip, head.rev() + 1)
     count = 0
 
@@ -326,6 +405,8 @@ def export_ref(repo, name, kind, head):
         else:
             modified, removed = get_filechanges(repo, c, parents[0])
 
+        desc += '\n'
+
         if mode == 'hg':
             extra_msg = ''
 
@@ -349,13 +430,14 @@ def export_ref(repo, name, kind, head):
                 else:
                     extra_msg += "extra : %s : %s\n" % (key, urllib.quote(value))
 
-            desc += '\n'
             if extra_msg:
                 desc += '\n--HG--\n' + extra_msg
 
         if len(parents) == 0 and rev:
             print 'reset %s/%s' % (prefix, ename)
 
+        modified_final = export_files(c.filectx(f) for f in modified)
+
         print "commit %s/%s" % (prefix, ename)
         print "mark :%d" % (marks.get_mark(rev))
         print "author %s" % (author)
@@ -368,16 +450,15 @@ def export_ref(repo, name, kind, head):
             if len(parents) > 1:
                 print "merge :%s" % (rev_to_mark(parents[1]))
 
-        for f in modified:
-            export_file(c.filectx(f))
+        for f in modified_final:
+            print "M %s :%u %s" % f
         for f in removed:
-            print "D %s" % (f)
+            print "D %s" % (fix_file_path(f))
         print
 
         count += 1
         if (count % 100 == 0):
             print "progress revision %d '%s' (%d/%d)" % (rev, name, count, len(revs))
-            print "#############################################################"
 
     # make sure the ref is updated
     print "reset %s/%s" % (prefix, ename)
@@ -387,10 +468,10 @@ def export_ref(repo, name, kind, head):
     marks.set_tip(ename, rev)
 
 def export_tag(repo, tag):
-    export_ref(repo, tag, 'tags', repo[tag])
+    export_ref(repo, tag, 'tags', repo[hgref(tag)])
 
 def export_bookmark(repo, bmark):
-    head = bmarks[bmark]
+    head = bmarks[hgref(bmark)]
     export_ref(repo, bmark, 'bookmarks', head)
 
 def export_branch(repo, branch):
@@ -419,19 +500,24 @@ def do_capabilities(parser):
 
     print
 
+def branch_tip(repo, branch):
+    # older versions of mercurial don't have this
+    if hasattr(repo, 'branchtip'):
+        return repo.branchtip(branch)
+    else:
+        return repo.branchtags()[branch]
+
 def get_branch_tip(repo, branch):
     global branches
 
-    heads = branches.get(branch, None)
+    heads = branches.get(hgref(branch), None)
     if not heads:
         return None
 
     # verify there's only one head
     if (len(heads) > 1):
         warn("Branch '%s' has more than one head, consider merging" % branch)
-        # older versions of mercurial don't have this
-        if hasattr(repo, "branchtip"):
-            return repo.branchtip(branch)
+        return branch_tip(repo, hgref(branch))
 
     return heads[0]
 
@@ -453,11 +539,12 @@ def list_head(repo, cur):
             head = 'master'
         bmarks[head] = node
 
+    head = gitref(head)
     print "@refs/heads/%s HEAD" % head
     g_head = (head, node)
 
 def do_list(parser):
-    global branches, bmarks, mode, track_branches
+    global branches, bmarks, track_branches
 
     repo = parser.repo
     for bmark, node in bookmarks.listbookmarks(repo).iteritems():
@@ -474,15 +561,15 @@ def do_list(parser):
                 branches[branch] = heads
 
         for branch in branches:
-            print "? refs/heads/branches/%s" % branch
+            print "? refs/heads/branches/%s" % gitref(branch)
 
     for bmark in bmarks:
-        print "? refs/heads/%s" % bmark
+        print "? refs/heads/%s" % gitref(bmark)
 
     for tag, node in repo.tagslist():
         if tag == 'tip':
             continue
-        print "? refs/tags/%s" % tag
+        print "? refs/tags/%s" % gitref(tag)
 
     print
 
@@ -531,7 +618,6 @@ def parse_blob(parser):
     data = parser.get_data()
     blob_marks[mark] = data
     parser.next()
-    return
 
 def get_merge_files(repo, p1, p2, files):
     for e in repo[p1].files():
@@ -542,7 +628,7 @@ def get_merge_files(repo, p1, p2, files):
             files[e] = f
 
 def parse_commit(parser):
-    global marks, blob_marks, bmarks, parsed_refs
+    global marks, blob_marks, parsed_refs
     global mode
 
     from_mark = merge_mark = None
@@ -567,6 +653,10 @@ def parse_commit(parser):
         if parser.check('merge'):
             die('octopus merges are not supported yet')
 
+    # fast-export adds an extra newline
+    if data[-1] == '\n':
+        data = data[:-1]
+
     files = {}
 
     for line in parser:
@@ -575,7 +665,7 @@ def parse_commit(parser):
             mark = int(mark_ref[1:])
             f = { 'mode' : hgmode(m), 'data' : blob_marks[mark] }
         elif parser.check('D'):
-            t, path = line.split(' ')
+            t, path = line.split(' ', 1)
             f = { 'deleted' : True }
         else:
             die('Unknown file command: %s' % line)
@@ -618,11 +708,16 @@ def parse_commit(parser):
     if merge_mark:
         get_merge_files(repo, p1, p2, files)
 
+    # Check if the ref is supposed to be a named branch
+    if ref.startswith('refs/heads/branches/'):
+        branch = ref[len('refs/heads/branches/'):]
+        extra['branch'] = hgref(branch)
+
     if mode == 'hg':
         i = data.find('\n--HG--\n')
         if i >= 0:
             tmp = data[i + len('\n--HG--\n'):].strip()
-            for k, v in [e.split(' : ') for e in tmp.split('\n')]:
+            for k, v in [e.split(' : ', 1) for e in tmp.split('\n')]:
                 if k == 'rename':
                     old, new = v.split(' => ', 1)
                     files[new]['rename'] = old
@@ -647,10 +742,11 @@ def parse_commit(parser):
     rev = repo[node].rev()
 
     parsed_refs[ref] = node
-
     marks.new_mark(rev, commit_mark)
 
 def parse_reset(parser):
+    global parsed_refs
+
     ref = parser[1]
     parser.next()
     # ugh
@@ -675,11 +771,46 @@ def parse_tag(parser):
     data = parser.get_data()
     parser.next()
 
-    # nothing to do
+    parsed_tags[name] = (tagger, data)
+
+def write_tag(repo, tag, node, msg, author):
+    branch = repo[node].branch()
+    tip = branch_tip(repo, branch)
+    tip = repo[tip]
+
+    def getfilectx(repo, memctx, f):
+        try:
+            fctx = tip.filectx(f)
+            data = fctx.data()
+        except error.ManifestLookupError:
+            data = ""
+        content = data + "%s %s\n" % (hghex(node), tag)
+        return context.memfilectx(f, content, False, False, None)
+
+    p1 = tip.hex()
+    p2 = '\0' * 20
+    if not author:
+        author = (None, 0, 0)
+    user, date, tz = author
+
+    ctx = context.memctx(repo, (p1, p2), msg,
+            ['.hgtags'], getfilectx,
+            user, (date, tz), {'branch' : branch})
+
+    tmp = encoding.encoding
+    encoding.encoding = 'utf-8'
+
+    tagnode = repo.commitctx(ctx)
+
+    encoding.encoding = tmp
+
+    return tagnode
 
 def do_export(parser):
     global parsed_refs, bmarks, peer
 
+    p_bmarks = []
+
     parser.next()
 
     for line in parser.each_block('done'):
@@ -698,48 +829,93 @@ def do_export(parser):
 
     for ref, node in parsed_refs.iteritems():
         if ref.startswith('refs/heads/branches'):
-            pass
+            branch = ref[len('refs/heads/branches/'):]
+            if branch in branches and node in branches[branch]:
+                # up to date
+                continue
+            print "ok %s" % ref
         elif ref.startswith('refs/heads/'):
             bmark = ref[len('refs/heads/'):]
-            if bmark in bmarks:
-                old = bmarks[bmark].hex()
-            else:
-                old = ''
-            if not bookmarks.pushbookmark(parser.repo, bmark, old, node):
-                continue
+            p_bmarks.append((bmark, node))
+            continue
         elif ref.startswith('refs/tags/'):
             tag = ref[len('refs/tags/'):]
-            parser.repo.tag([tag], node, None, True, None, {})
+            tag = hgref(tag)
+            author, msg = parsed_tags.get(tag, (None, None))
+            if mode == 'git':
+                if not msg:
+                    msg = 'Added tag %s for changeset %s' % (tag, hghex(node[:6]));
+                write_tag(parser.repo, tag, node, msg, author)
+            else:
+                fp = parser.repo.opener('localtags', 'a')
+                fp.write('%s %s\n' % (hghex(node), tag))
+                fp.close()
+            print "ok %s" % ref
         else:
             # transport-helper/fast-export bugs
             continue
+
+    if peer:
+        parser.repo.push(peer, force=force_push, newbranch=True)
+
+    # handle bookmarks
+    for bmark, node in p_bmarks:
+        ref = 'refs/heads/' + bmark
+        new = hghex(node)
+
+        if bmark in bmarks:
+            old = bmarks[bmark].hex()
+        else:
+            old = ''
+
+        if old == new:
+            continue
+
+        if bmark == 'master' and 'master' not in parser.repo._bookmarks:
+            # fake bookmark
+            print "ok %s" % ref
+            continue
+        elif bookmarks.pushbookmark(parser.repo, bmark, old, new):
+            # updated locally
+            pass
+        else:
+            print "error %s" % ref
+            continue
+
+        if peer:
+            rb = peer.listkeys('bookmarks')
+            old = rb.get(bmark, '')
+            if not peer.pushkey('bookmarks', bmark, old, new):
+                print "error %s" % ref
+                continue
+
         print "ok %s" % ref
 
     print
 
-    if peer:
-        parser.repo.push(peer, force=False)
+def fix_path(alias, repo, orig_url):
+    url = urlparse.urlparse(orig_url, 'file')
+    if url.scheme != 'file' or os.path.isabs(url.path):
+        return
+    abs_url = urlparse.urljoin("%s/" % os.getcwd(), orig_url)
+    cmd = ['git', 'config', 'remote.%s.url' % alias, "hg::%s" % abs_url]
+    subprocess.call(cmd)
 
 def main(args):
     global prefix, dirname, branches, bmarks
     global marks, blob_marks, parsed_refs
     global peer, mode, bad_mail, bad_name
-    global track_branches
+    global track_branches, force_push, is_tmp
+    global parsed_tags
+    global filenodes
 
     alias = args[1]
     url = args[2]
     peer = None
 
-    hg_git_compat = False
-    track_branches = True
-    try:
-        if get_config('remote-hg.hg-git-compat') == 'true\n':
-            hg_git_compat = True
-            track_branches = False
-        if get_config('remote-hg.track-branches') == 'false\n':
-            track_branches = False
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
-        pass
+    hg_git_compat = get_config_bool('remote-hg.hg-git-compat')
+    track_branches = get_config_bool('remote-hg.track-branches', True)
+    force_push = get_config_bool('remote-hg.force-push')
 
     if hg_git_compat:
         mode = 'hg'
@@ -752,7 +928,7 @@ def main(args):
 
     if alias[4:] == url:
         is_tmp = True
-        alias = util.sha1(alias).hexdigest()
+        alias = hashlib.sha1(alias).hexdigest()
     else:
         is_tmp = False
 
@@ -762,16 +938,26 @@ def main(args):
     bmarks = {}
     blob_marks = {}
     parsed_refs = {}
+    marks = None
+    parsed_tags = {}
+    filenodes = {}
 
     repo = get_repo(url, alias)
     prefix = 'refs/hg/%s' % alias
 
+    if not is_tmp:
+        fix_path(alias, peer or repo, url)
+
     if not os.path.exists(dirname):
         os.makedirs(dirname)
 
     marks_path = os.path.join(dirname, 'marks-hg')
     marks = Marks(marks_path)
 
+    if sys.platform == 'win32':
+        import msvcrt
+        msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdout.fileno(), os.O_BINARY)
+
     parser = Parser(repo)
     for line in parser:
         if parser.check('capabilities'):
@@ -786,9 +972,13 @@ def main(args):
             die('unhandled command: %s' % line)
         sys.stdout.flush()
 
+def bye():
+    if not marks:
+        return
     if not is_tmp:
         marks.store()
     else:
         shutil.rmtree(dirname)
 
+atexit.register(bye)
 sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-bzr.sh b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-bzr.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5dfa070
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-bzr.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+#
+
+test_description='Test remote-bzr'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-bzr tests; python not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+if ! "$PYTHON_PATH" -c 'import bzrlib'; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-bzr tests; bzr not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+check () {
+	(cd $1 &&
+	git log --format='%s' -1 &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD) > actual &&
+	(echo $2 &&
+	echo "refs/heads/$3") > expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+}
+
+bzr whoami "A U Thor <author@example.com>"
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning' '
+  (bzr init bzrrepo &&
+  cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo one > content &&
+  bzr add content &&
+  bzr commit -m one
+  ) &&
+
+  git clone "bzr::$PWD/bzrrepo" gitrepo &&
+  check gitrepo one master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling' '
+  (cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo two > content &&
+  bzr commit -m two
+  ) &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo && git pull) &&
+
+  check gitrepo two master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pushing' '
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  echo three > content &&
+  git commit -a -m three &&
+  git push
+  ) &&
+
+  echo three > expected &&
+  cat bzrrepo/content > actual &&
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'roundtrip' '
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  git pull &&
+  git log --format="%s" -1 origin/master > actual) &&
+  echo three > expected &&
+  test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo && git push && git pull) &&
+
+  (cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo four > content &&
+  bzr commit -m four
+  ) &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo && git pull && git push) &&
+
+  check gitrepo four master &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  echo five > content &&
+  git commit -a -m five &&
+  git push && git pull
+  ) &&
+
+  (cd bzrrepo && bzr revert) &&
+
+  echo five > expected &&
+  cat bzrrepo/content > actual &&
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+100644 blob 54f9d6da5c91d556e6b54340b1327573073030af	content
+100755 blob 68769579c3eaadbe555379b9c3538e6628bae1eb	executable
+120000 blob 6b584e8ece562ebffc15d38808cd6b98fc3d97ea	link
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'special modes' '
+  (cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo exec > executable
+  chmod +x executable &&
+  bzr add executable
+  bzr commit -m exec &&
+  ln -s content link
+  bzr add link
+  bzr commit -m link &&
+  mkdir dir &&
+  bzr add dir &&
+  bzr commit -m dir) &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  git pull
+  git ls-tree HEAD > ../actual) &&
+
+  test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  git cat-file -p HEAD:link > ../actual) &&
+
+  printf content > expected &&
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+100644 blob 54f9d6da5c91d556e6b54340b1327573073030af	content
+100755 blob 68769579c3eaadbe555379b9c3538e6628bae1eb	executable
+120000 blob 6b584e8ece562ebffc15d38808cd6b98fc3d97ea	link
+040000 tree 35c0caa46693cef62247ac89a680f0c5ce32b37b	movedir-new
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'moving directory' '
+  (cd bzrrepo &&
+  mkdir movedir &&
+  echo one > movedir/one &&
+  echo two > movedir/two &&
+  bzr add movedir &&
+  bzr commit -m movedir &&
+  bzr mv movedir movedir-new &&
+  bzr commit -m movedir-new) &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  git pull &&
+  git ls-tree HEAD > ../actual) &&
+
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'different authors' '
+  (cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo john >> content &&
+  bzr commit -m john \
+    --author "Jane Rey <jrey@example.com>" \
+    --author "John Doe <jdoe@example.com>") &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  git pull &&
+  git show --format="%an <%ae>, %cn <%ce>" --quiet > ../actual) &&
+
+  echo "Jane Rey <jrey@example.com>, A U Thor <author@example.com>" > expected &&
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch utf-8 filenames' '
+  mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+  test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp && LC_ALL=C" &&
+
+  LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
+  export LC_ALL
+  (
+  bzr init bzrrepo &&
+  cd bzrrepo &&
+
+  echo test >> "ærø" &&
+  bzr add "ærø" &&
+  echo test >> "ø~?" &&
+  bzr add "ø~?" &&
+  bzr commit -m add-utf-8 &&
+  echo test >> "ærø" &&
+  bzr commit -m test-utf-8 &&
+  bzr rm "ø~?" &&
+  bzr mv "ærø" "ø~?" &&
+  bzr commit -m bzr-mv-utf-8
+  ) &&
+
+  (
+  git clone "bzr::$PWD/bzrrepo" gitrepo &&
+  cd gitrepo &&
+  git -c core.quotepath=false ls-files > ../actual
+  ) &&
+  echo "ø~?" > expected &&
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push utf-8 filenames' '
+  mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+  test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp && LC_ALL=C" &&
+
+  LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
+  export LC_ALL
+
+  (
+  bzr init bzrrepo &&
+  cd bzrrepo &&
+
+  echo one >> content &&
+  bzr add content &&
+  bzr commit -m one
+  ) &&
+
+  (
+  git clone "bzr::$PWD/bzrrepo" gitrepo &&
+  cd gitrepo &&
+
+  echo test >> "ærø" &&
+  git add "ærø" &&
+  git commit -m utf-8 &&
+
+  git push
+  ) &&
+
+  (cd bzrrepo && bzr ls > ../actual) &&
+  printf "content\nærø\n" > expected &&
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pushing a merge' '
+  mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+  test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+  (
+  bzr init bzrrepo &&
+  cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo one > content &&
+  bzr add content &&
+  bzr commit -m one
+  ) &&
+
+  git clone "bzr::$PWD/bzrrepo" gitrepo &&
+
+  (
+  cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo two > content &&
+  bzr commit -m two
+  ) &&
+
+  (
+  cd gitrepo &&
+  echo three > content &&
+  git commit -a -m three &&
+  git fetch &&
+  git merge origin/master || true &&
+  echo three > content &&
+  git commit -a --no-edit &&
+  git push
+  ) &&
+
+  echo three > expected &&
+  cat bzrrepo/content > actual &&
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+origin/HEAD
+origin/branch
+origin/trunk
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'proper bzr repo' '
+  mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+  test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+  bzr init-repo bzrrepo &&
+
+  bzr init bzrrepo/trunk &&
+  (
+  cd bzrrepo/trunk &&
+  echo one >> content &&
+  bzr add content &&
+  bzr commit -m one
+  ) &&
+
+  bzr branch bzrrepo/trunk bzrrepo/branch &&
+  (
+  cd bzrrepo/branch &&
+  echo two >> content &&
+  bzr commit -m one
+  ) &&
+
+  git clone "bzr::$PWD/bzrrepo" gitrepo &&
+  (
+  cd gitrepo &&
+  git for-each-ref --format "%(refname:short)" refs/remotes/origin > ../actual
+  ) &&
+
+  test_cmp ../expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'strip' '
+  # Do not imitate this style; always chdir inside a subshell instead
+  mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+  test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+  (
+  bzr init bzrrepo &&
+  cd bzrrepo &&
+
+  echo one >> content &&
+  bzr add content &&
+  bzr commit -m one &&
+
+  echo two >> content &&
+  bzr commit -m two
+  ) &&
+
+  git clone "bzr::$PWD/bzrrepo" gitrepo &&
+
+  (
+  cd bzrrepo &&
+  bzr uncommit --force &&
+
+  echo three >> content &&
+  bzr commit -m three &&
+
+  echo four >> content &&
+  bzr commit -m four &&
+  bzr log --line | sed -e "s/^[0-9][0-9]*: //" > ../expected
+  ) &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  git fetch &&
+  git log --format="%an %ad %s" --date=short origin/master > ../actual) &&
+
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-bidi.sh b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-bidi.sh
index 1d61982..f569697 100755
--- a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-bidi.sh
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-bidi.sh
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ fi
 
 # clone to a git repo
 git_clone () {
-	hg -R $1 bookmark -f -r tip master &&
 	git clone -q "hg::$PWD/$1" $2
 }
 
@@ -30,6 +29,7 @@ git_clone () {
 hg_clone () {
 	(
 	hg init $2 &&
+	hg -R $2 bookmark -i master &&
 	cd $1 &&
 	git push -q "hg::$PWD/../$2" 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*' 'refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*'
 	) &&
@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ hg_push () {
 }
 
 hg_log () {
-	hg -R $1 log --graph --debug | grep -v 'tag: *default/'
+	hg -R $1 log --graph --debug >log &&
+	grep -v 'tag: *default/' log
 }
 
 setup () {
@@ -62,13 +63,15 @@ setup () {
 	echo "commit = -d \"0 0\""
 	echo "debugrawcommit = -d \"0 0\""
 	echo "tag = -d \"0 0\""
+	echo "[extensions]"
+	echo "graphlog ="
 	) >> "$HOME"/.hgrc &&
 	git config --global remote-hg.hg-git-compat true
 
-	export HGEDITOR=/usr/bin/true
-
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2007-01-01 00:00:00 +0230"
-	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+	HGEDITOR=/usr/bin/true
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2007-01-01 00:00:00 +0230"
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+	export HGEDITOR GIT_AUTHOR_DATE GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 }
 
 setup
@@ -85,7 +88,8 @@ test_expect_success 'encoding' '
 	git add alpha &&
 	git commit -m "add älphà" &&
 
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="tést èncödîng" &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="tést èncödîng" &&
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
 	echo beta > beta &&
 	git add beta &&
 	git commit -m "add beta" &&
@@ -200,8 +204,8 @@ test_expect_success 'hg branch' '
 	hg_push hgrepo gitrepo &&
 	hg_clone gitrepo hgrepo2 &&
 
-	: TODO, avoid "master" bookmark &&
-	(cd hgrepo2 && hg checkout gamma) &&
+	: Back to the common revision &&
+	(cd hgrepo && hg checkout default) &&
 
 	hg_log hgrepo > expected &&
 	hg_log hgrepo2 > actual &&
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-hg-git.sh b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-hg-git.sh
index 3e76d9f..7f579c8 100755
--- a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-hg-git.sh
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-hg-git.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ fi
 
 # clone to a git repo with git
 git_clone_git () {
-	hg -R $1 bookmark -f -r tip master &&
 	git clone -q "hg::$PWD/$1" $2
 }
 
@@ -35,6 +34,7 @@ git_clone_git () {
 hg_clone_git () {
 	(
 	hg init $2 &&
+	hg -R $2 bookmark -i master &&
 	cd $1 &&
 	git push -q "hg::$PWD/../$2" 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*' 'refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*'
 	) &&
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ git_clone_hg () {
 	(
 	git init -q $2 &&
 	cd $1 &&
-	hg bookmark -f -r tip master &&
+	hg bookmark -i -f -r tip master &&
 	hg -q push -r master ../$2 || true
 	)
 }
@@ -78,7 +78,8 @@ hg_push_hg () {
 }
 
 hg_log () {
-	hg -R $1 log --graph --debug | grep -v 'tag: *default/'
+	hg -R $1 log --graph --debug >log &&
+	grep -v 'tag: *default/' log
 }
 
 git_log () {
@@ -97,18 +98,88 @@ setup () {
 	echo "[extensions]"
 	echo "hgext.bookmarks ="
 	echo "hggit ="
+	echo "graphlog ="
 	) >> "$HOME"/.hgrc &&
 	git config --global receive.denycurrentbranch warn
 	git config --global remote-hg.hg-git-compat true
+	git config --global remote-hg.track-branches false
 
-	export HGEDITOR=/usr/bin/true
+	HGEDITOR=/usr/bin/true
 
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2007-01-01 00:00:00 +0230"
-	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2007-01-01 00:00:00 +0230"
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+	export HGEDITOR GIT_AUTHOR_DATE GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 }
 
 setup
 
+test_expect_success 'executable bit' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	chmod 0644 alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+	chmod 0755 alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "set executable bit" &&
+	chmod 0644 alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "clear executable bit"
+	) &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		(
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo hgrepo-$x &&
+		cd hgrepo-$x &&
+		hg_log . &&
+		hg manifest -r 1 -v &&
+		hg manifest -v
+		) > output-$x &&
+
+		git_clone_$x hgrepo-$x gitrepo2-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo2-$x > log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp output-hg output-git &&
+	test_cmp log-hg log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symlink' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+	ln -s alpha beta &&
+	git add beta &&
+	git commit -m "add beta"
+	) &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		(
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo hgrepo-$x &&
+		cd hgrepo-$x &&
+		hg_log . &&
+		hg manifest -v
+		) > output-$x &&
+
+		git_clone_$x hgrepo-$x gitrepo2-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo2-$x > log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp output-hg output-git &&
+	test_cmp log-hg log-git
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge conflict 1' '
 	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
 	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
@@ -227,7 +298,8 @@ test_expect_success 'encoding' '
 	git add alpha &&
 	git commit -m "add älphà" &&
 
-	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="tést èncödîng" &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="tést èncödîng" &&
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
 	echo beta > beta &&
 	git add beta &&
 	git commit -m "add beta" &&
@@ -384,8 +456,6 @@ test_expect_success 'hg author' '
 		git_log gitrepo-$x > git-log-$x
 	done &&
 
-	test_cmp git-log-hg git-log-git &&
-
 	test_cmp hg-log-hg hg-log-git &&
 	test_cmp git-log-hg git-log-git
 '
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg.sh b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg.sh
index 7bb81f2..8de2aa7 100755
--- a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg.sh
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg.sh
@@ -118,4 +118,40 @@ test_expect_success 'update bookmark' '
   hg -R hgrepo bookmarks | egrep "devel[	 ]+3:"
 '
 
+author_test () {
+  echo $1 >> content &&
+  hg commit -u "$2" -m "add $1" &&
+  echo "$3" >> ../expected
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'authors' '
+  mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+  test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+  (
+  hg init hgrepo &&
+  cd hgrepo &&
+
+  touch content &&
+  hg add content &&
+
+  author_test alpha "" "H G Wells <wells@example.com>" &&
+  author_test beta "test" "test <unknown>" &&
+  author_test beta "test <test@example.com> (comment)" "test <test@example.com>" &&
+  author_test gamma "<test@example.com>" "Unknown <test@example.com>" &&
+  author_test delta "name<test@example.com>" "name <test@example.com>" &&
+  author_test epsilon "name <test@example.com" "name <test@example.com>" &&
+  author_test zeta " test " "test <unknown>" &&
+  author_test eta "test < test@example.com >" "test <test@example.com>" &&
+  author_test theta "test >test@example.com>" "test <test@example.com>" &&
+  author_test iota "test < test <at> example <dot> com>" "test <unknown>" &&
+  author_test kappa "test@example.com" "Unknown <test@example.com>"
+  ) &&
+
+  git clone "hg::$PWD/hgrepo" gitrepo &&
+  git --git-dir=gitrepo/.git log --reverse --format="%an <%ae>" > actual &&
+
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/Makefile b/contrib/subtree/Makefile
index 05cdd5c..b507505 100644
--- a/contrib/subtree/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/subtree/Makefile
@@ -30,12 +30,13 @@ $(GIT_SUBTREE): $(GIT_SUBTREE_SH)
 doc: $(GIT_SUBTREE_DOC)
 
 install: $(GIT_SUBTREE)
-	$(INSTALL) -m 755 $(GIT_SUBTREE) $(libexecdir)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 755 $(GIT_SUBTREE) $(DESTDIR)$(libexecdir)
 
 install-doc: install-man
 
 install-man: $(GIT_SUBTREE_DOC)
-	$(INSTALL) -m 644 $^ $(man1dir)
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 644 $^ $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)
 
 $(GIT_SUBTREE_DOC): $(GIT_SUBTREE_XML)
 	xmlto -m $(MANPAGE_NORMAL_XSL)  man $^
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh
index 920c664..8a23f58 100755
--- a/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh
+++ b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
 fi
 OPTS_SPEC="\
 git subtree add   --prefix=<prefix> <commit>
+git subtree add   --prefix=<prefix> <repository> <commit>
 git subtree merge --prefix=<prefix> <commit>
 git subtree pull  --prefix=<prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
 git subtree push  --prefix=<prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
@@ -296,7 +297,7 @@ copy_commit()
 	# We're going to set some environment vars here, so
 	# do it in a subshell to get rid of them safely later
 	debug copy_commit "{$1}" "{$2}" "{$3}"
-	git log -1 --pretty=format:'%an%n%ae%n%ad%n%cn%n%ce%n%cd%n%s%n%n%b' "$1" |
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:'%an%n%ae%n%ad%n%cn%n%ce%n%cd%n%B' "$1" |
 	(
 		read GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
 		read GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
@@ -497,12 +498,23 @@ cmd_add()
 	ensure_clean
 	
 	if [ $# -eq 1 ]; then
-		"cmd_add_commit" "$@"
+	    git rev-parse -q --verify "$1^{commit}" >/dev/null ||
+	    die "'$1' does not refer to a commit"
+
+	    "cmd_add_commit" "$@"
 	elif [ $# -eq 2 ]; then
-		"cmd_add_repository" "$@"
+	    # Technically we could accept a refspec here but we're
+	    # just going to turn around and add FETCH_HEAD under the
+	    # specified directory.  Allowing a refspec might be
+	    # misleading because we won't do anything with any other
+	    # branches fetched via the refspec.
+	    git rev-parse -q --verify "$2^{commit}" >/dev/null ||
+	    die "'$2' does not refer to a commit"
+
+	    "cmd_add_repository" "$@"
 	else
 	    say "error: parameters were '$@'"
-	    die "Provide either a refspec or a repository and refspec."
+	    die "Provide either a commit or a repository and commit."
 	fi
 }
 
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt
index c5bce41..7ba853e 100644
--- a/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt
+++ b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ git-subtree - Merge subtrees together and split repository into subtrees
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git subtree' add   -P <prefix> <commit>
+'git subtree' add   -P <prefix> <refspec>
+'git subtree' add   -P <prefix> <repository> <refspec>
 'git subtree' pull  -P <prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
 'git subtree' push  -P <prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
 'git subtree' merge -P <prefix> <commit>
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh b/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh
index bc2eeb0..b0f8536 100755
--- a/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh
+++ b/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ last_commit_message()
 	git log --pretty=format:%s -1
 }
 
-# 1
 test_expect_success 'init subproj' '
         test_create_repo subproj
 '
@@ -68,7 +67,6 @@ test_expect_success 'init subproj' '
 # To the subproject!
 cd subproj
 
-# 2
 test_expect_success 'add sub1' '
         create sub1 &&
         git commit -m "sub1" &&
@@ -76,14 +74,16 @@ test_expect_success 'add sub1' '
         git branch -m master subproj
 '
 
-# 3
+# Save this hash for testing later.
+
+subdir_hash=`git rev-parse HEAD`
+
 test_expect_success 'add sub2' '
         create sub2 &&
         git commit -m "sub2" &&
         git branch sub2
 '
 
-# 4
 test_expect_success 'add sub3' '
         create sub3 &&
         git commit -m "sub3" &&
@@ -93,7 +93,6 @@ test_expect_success 'add sub3' '
 # Back to mainline
 cd ..
 
-# 5
 test_expect_success 'add main4' '
         create main4 &&
         git commit -m "main4" &&
@@ -101,101 +100,85 @@ test_expect_success 'add main4' '
         git branch subdir
 '
 
-# 6
 test_expect_success 'fetch subproj history' '
         git fetch ./subproj sub1 &&
         git branch sub1 FETCH_HEAD
 '
 
-# 7
 test_expect_success 'no subtree exists in main tree' '
         test_must_fail git subtree merge --prefix=subdir sub1
 '
 
-# 8
 test_expect_success 'no pull from non-existant subtree' '
         test_must_fail git subtree pull --prefix=subdir ./subproj sub1
 '
 
-# 9
 test_expect_success 'check if --message works for add' '
         git subtree add --prefix=subdir --message="Added subproject" sub1 &&
         check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Added subproject" &&
         undo
 '
 
-# 10
 test_expect_success 'check if --message works as -m and --prefix as -P' '
         git subtree add -P subdir -m "Added subproject using git subtree" sub1 &&
         check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Added subproject using git subtree" &&
         undo
 '
 
-# 11
 test_expect_success 'check if --message works with squash too' '
         git subtree add -P subdir -m "Added subproject with squash" --squash sub1 &&
         check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Added subproject with squash" &&
         undo
 '
 
-# 12
 test_expect_success 'add subproj to mainline' '
         git subtree add --prefix=subdir/ FETCH_HEAD &&
         check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Add '"'subdir/'"' from commit '"'"'''"$(git rev-parse sub1)"'''"'"'"
 '
 
-# 13
 # this shouldn't actually do anything, since FETCH_HEAD is already a parent
 test_expect_success 'merge fetched subproj' '
         git merge -m "merge -s -ours" -s ours FETCH_HEAD
 '
 
-# 14
 test_expect_success 'add main-sub5' '
         create subdir/main-sub5 &&
         git commit -m "main-sub5"
 '
 
-# 15
 test_expect_success 'add main6' '
         create main6 &&
         git commit -m "main6 boring"
 '
 
-# 16
 test_expect_success 'add main-sub7' '
         create subdir/main-sub7 &&
         git commit -m "main-sub7"
 '
 
-# 17
 test_expect_success 'fetch new subproj history' '
         git fetch ./subproj sub2 &&
         git branch sub2 FETCH_HEAD
 '
 
-# 18
 test_expect_success 'check if --message works for merge' '
         git subtree merge --prefix=subdir -m "Merged changes from subproject" sub2 &&
         check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Merged changes from subproject" &&
         undo
 '
 
-# 19
 test_expect_success 'check if --message for merge works with squash too' '
         git subtree merge --prefix subdir -m "Merged changes from subproject using squash" --squash sub2 &&
         check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Merged changes from subproject using squash" &&
         undo
 '
 
-# 20
 test_expect_success 'merge new subproj history into subdir' '
         git subtree merge --prefix=subdir FETCH_HEAD &&
         git branch pre-split &&
         check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Merge commit '"'"'"$(git rev-parse sub2)"'"'"' into mainline"
 '
 
-# 21
 test_expect_success 'Check that prefix argument is required for split' '
         echo "You must provide the --prefix option." > expected &&
         test_must_fail git subtree split > actual 2>&1 &&
@@ -207,7 +190,6 @@ test_expect_success 'Check that prefix argument is required for split' '
         rm -f expected actual
 '
 
-# 22
 test_expect_success 'Check that the <prefix> exists for a split' '
         echo "'"'"'non-existent-directory'"'"'" does not exist\; use "'"'"'git subtree add'"'"'" > expected &&
         test_must_fail git subtree split --prefix=non-existent-directory > actual 2>&1 &&
@@ -219,7 +201,6 @@ test_expect_success 'Check that the <prefix> exists for a split' '
 #        rm -f expected actual
 '
 
-# 23
 test_expect_success 'check if --message works for split+rejoin' '
         spl1=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin)"'' &&
         git branch spl1 "$spl1" &&
@@ -227,15 +208,24 @@ test_expect_success 'check if --message works for split+rejoin' '
         undo
 '
 
-# 24
 test_expect_success 'check split with --branch' '
-        spl1=$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin) &&
-        undo &&
-        git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --branch splitbr1 &&
-        check_equal ''"$(git rev-parse splitbr1)"'' "$spl1"
+	spl1=$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin) &&
+	undo &&
+	git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --branch splitbr1 &&
+	check_equal ''"$(git rev-parse splitbr1)"'' "$spl1"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check hash of split' '
+	spl1=$(git subtree split --prefix subdir) &&
+	undo &&
+	git subtree split --prefix subdir --branch splitbr1test &&
+	check_equal ''"$(git rev-parse splitbr1test)"'' "$spl1"
+	git checkout splitbr1test &&
+	new_hash=$(git rev-parse HEAD~2) &&
+	git checkout mainline &&
+	check_equal ''"$new_hash"'' "$subdir_hash"
 '
 
-# 25
 test_expect_success 'check split with --branch for an existing branch' '
         spl1=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin)"'' &&
         undo &&
@@ -244,13 +234,10 @@ test_expect_success 'check split with --branch for an existing branch' '
         check_equal ''"$(git rev-parse splitbr2)"'' "$spl1"
 '
 
-# 26
 test_expect_success 'check split with --branch for an incompatible branch' '
         test_must_fail git subtree split --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --branch subdir
 '
 
-
-# 27
 test_expect_success 'check split+rejoin' '
         spl1=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin)"'' &&
         undo &&
@@ -258,7 +245,6 @@ test_expect_success 'check split+rejoin' '
         check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Split '"'"'subdir/'"'"' into commit '"'"'"$spl1"'"'"'"
 '
 
-# 28
 test_expect_success 'add main-sub8' '
         create subdir/main-sub8 &&
         git commit -m "main-sub8"
@@ -267,14 +253,12 @@ test_expect_success 'add main-sub8' '
 # To the subproject!
 cd ./subproj
 
-# 29
 test_expect_success 'merge split into subproj' '
         git fetch .. spl1 &&
         git branch spl1 FETCH_HEAD &&
         git merge FETCH_HEAD
 '
 
-# 30
 test_expect_success 'add sub9' '
         create sub9 &&
         git commit -m "sub9"
@@ -283,19 +267,16 @@ test_expect_success 'add sub9' '
 # Back to mainline
 cd ..
 
-# 31
 test_expect_success 'split for sub8' '
         split2=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir/ --rejoin)"''
         git branch split2 "$split2"
 '
 
-# 32
 test_expect_success 'add main-sub10' '
         create subdir/main-sub10 &&
         git commit -m "main-sub10"
 '
 
-# 33
 test_expect_success 'split for sub10' '
         spl3=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --rejoin)"'' &&
         git branch spl3 "$spl3"
@@ -304,7 +285,6 @@ test_expect_success 'split for sub10' '
 # To the subproject!
 cd ./subproj
 
-# 34
 test_expect_success 'merge split into subproj' '
         git fetch .. spl3 &&
         git branch spl3 FETCH_HEAD &&
@@ -318,13 +298,11 @@ chkms_sub=$(echo $chkms | multiline | sed 's,^,subdir/,' | fixnl)
 chks="sub1 sub2 sub3 sub9"
 chks_sub=$(echo $chks | multiline | sed 's,^,subdir/,' | fixnl)
 
-# 35
 test_expect_success 'make sure exactly the right set of files ends up in the subproj' '
         subfiles=''"$(git ls-files | fixnl)"'' &&
         check_equal "$subfiles" "$chkms $chks"
 '
 
-# 36
 test_expect_success 'make sure the subproj history *only* contains commits that affect the subdir' '
         allchanges=''"$(git log --name-only --pretty=format:'"''"' | sort | fixnl)"'' &&
         check_equal "$allchanges" "$chkms $chks"
@@ -333,20 +311,17 @@ test_expect_success 'make sure the subproj history *only* contains commits that
 # Back to mainline
 cd ..
 
-# 37
 test_expect_success 'pull from subproj' '
         git fetch ./subproj subproj-merge-spl3 &&
         git branch subproj-merge-spl3 FETCH_HEAD &&
         git subtree pull --prefix=subdir ./subproj subproj-merge-spl3
 '
 
-# 38
 test_expect_success 'make sure exactly the right set of files ends up in the mainline' '
         mainfiles=''"$(git ls-files | fixnl)"'' &&
         check_equal "$mainfiles" "$chkm $chkms_sub $chks_sub"
 '
 
-# 39
 test_expect_success 'make sure each filename changed exactly once in the entire history' '
         # main-sub?? and /subdir/main-sub?? both change, because those are the
         # changes that were split into their own history.  And subdir/sub?? never
@@ -355,12 +330,10 @@ test_expect_success 'make sure each filename changed exactly once in the entire
         check_equal "$allchanges" ''"$(echo $chkms $chkm $chks $chkms_sub | multiline | sort | fixnl)"''
 '
 
-# 40
 test_expect_success 'make sure the --rejoin commits never make it into subproj' '
         check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:'"'%s'"' HEAD^2 | grep -i split)"'' ""
 '
 
-# 41
 test_expect_success 'make sure no "git subtree" tagged commits make it into subproj' '
         # They are meaningless to subproj since one side of the merge refers to the mainline
         check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:'"'%s%n%b'"' HEAD^2 | grep "git-subtree.*:")"'' ""
@@ -370,14 +343,12 @@ test_expect_success 'make sure no "git subtree" tagged commits make it into subp
 mkdir test2
 cd test2
 
-# 42
 test_expect_success 'init main' '
         test_create_repo main
 '
 
 cd main
 
-# 43
 test_expect_success 'add main1' '
         create main1 &&
         git commit -m "main1"
@@ -385,14 +356,12 @@ test_expect_success 'add main1' '
 
 cd ..
 
-# 44
 test_expect_success 'init sub' '
         test_create_repo sub
 '
 
 cd sub
 
-# 45
 test_expect_success 'add sub2' '
         create sub2 &&
         git commit -m "sub2"
@@ -402,7 +371,6 @@ cd ../main
 
 # check if split can find proper base without --onto
 
-# 46
 test_expect_success 'add sub as subdir in main' '
         git fetch ../sub master &&
         git branch sub2 FETCH_HEAD &&
@@ -411,7 +379,6 @@ test_expect_success 'add sub as subdir in main' '
 
 cd ../sub
 
-# 47
 test_expect_success 'add sub3' '
         create sub3 &&
         git commit -m "sub3"
@@ -419,20 +386,17 @@ test_expect_success 'add sub3' '
 
 cd ../main
 
-# 48
 test_expect_success 'merge from sub' '
         git fetch ../sub master &&
         git branch sub3 FETCH_HEAD &&
         git subtree merge --prefix subdir sub3
 '
 
-# 49
 test_expect_success 'add main-sub4' '
         create subdir/main-sub4 &&
         git commit -m "main-sub4"
 '
 
-# 50
 test_expect_success 'split for main-sub4 without --onto' '
         git subtree split --prefix subdir --branch mainsub4
 '
@@ -442,23 +406,20 @@ test_expect_success 'split for main-sub4 without --onto' '
 # have been sub3, but it was not, because its cache was not set to
 # itself)
 
-# 51
 test_expect_success 'check that the commit parent is sub3' '
         check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:%P -1 mainsub4)"'' ''"$(git rev-parse sub3)"''
 '
 
-# 52
 test_expect_success 'add main-sub5' '
         mkdir subdir2 &&
         create subdir2/main-sub5 &&
         git commit -m "main-sub5"
 '
 
-# 53
 test_expect_success 'split for main-sub5 without --onto' '
         # also test that we still can split out an entirely new subtree
         # if the parent of the first commit in the tree is not empty,
-        # then the new subtree has accidently been attached to something
+	# then the new subtree has accidentally been attached to something
         git subtree split --prefix subdir2 --branch mainsub5 &&
         check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:%P -1 mainsub5)"'' ""
 '
@@ -487,7 +448,6 @@ joincommits()
 	echo "$commit $all"
 }
 
-# 54
 test_expect_success 'verify one file change per commit' '
         x= &&
         list=''"$(git log --pretty=format:'"'commit: %H'"' | joincommits)"'' &&
diff --git a/contrib/svn-fe/svnrdump_sim.py b/contrib/svn-fe/svnrdump_sim.py
index 1cfac4a..4e78a1c 100755
--- a/contrib/svn-fe/svnrdump_sim.py
+++ b/contrib/svn-fe/svnrdump_sim.py
@@ -7,10 +7,14 @@ to the highest revision that should be available.
 """
 import sys, os
 
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02040000:
+        # The limiter is the ValueError() calls. This may be too conservative
+        sys.stderr.write("svnrdump-sim.py: requires Python 2.4 or later.\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
 
 def getrevlimit():
         var = 'SVNRMAX'
-        if os.environ.has_key(var):
+        if var in os.environ:
                 return os.environ[var]
         return None
 
@@ -40,7 +44,7 @@ def writedump(url, lower, upper):
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
         if not (len(sys.argv) in (3, 4, 5)):
-                print "usage: %s dump URL -rLOWER:UPPER"
+                print("usage: %s dump URL -rLOWER:UPPER")
                 sys.exit(1)
         if not sys.argv[1] == 'dump': raise NotImplementedError('only "dump" is suppported.')
         url = sys.argv[2]
diff --git a/convert.c b/convert.c
index 6602155..2a2e46c 100644
--- a/convert.c
+++ b/convert.c
@@ -153,36 +153,13 @@ static void check_safe_crlf(const char *path, enum crlf_action crlf_action,
 
 static int has_cr_in_index(const char *path)
 {
-	int pos, len;
 	unsigned long sz;
-	enum object_type type;
 	void *data;
 	int has_cr;
-	struct index_state *istate = &the_index;
 
-	len = strlen(path);
-	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
-	if (pos < 0) {
-		/*
-		 * We might be in the middle of a merge, in which
-		 * case we would read stage #2 (ours).
-		 */
-		int i;
-		for (i = -pos - 1;
-		     (pos < 0 && i < istate->cache_nr &&
-		      !strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, path));
-		     i++)
-			if (ce_stage(istate->cache[i]) == 2)
-				pos = i;
-	}
-	if (pos < 0)
-		return 0;
-	data = read_sha1_file(istate->cache[pos]->sha1, &type, &sz);
-	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
-		free(data);
+	data = read_blob_data_from_cache(path, &sz);
+	if (!data)
 		return 0;
-	}
-
 	has_cr = memchr(data, '\r', sz) != NULL;
 	free(data);
 	return has_cr;
@@ -457,7 +434,7 @@ static struct convert_driver {
 
 static int read_convert_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	const char *ep, *name;
+	const char *key, *name;
 	int namelen;
 	struct convert_driver *drv;
 
@@ -465,10 +442,8 @@ static int read_convert_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	 * External conversion drivers are configured using
 	 * "filter.<name>.variable".
 	 */
-	if (prefixcmp(var, "filter.") || (ep = strrchr(var, '.')) == var + 6)
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "filter", &name, &namelen, &key) < 0 || !name)
 		return 0;
-	name = var + 7;
-	namelen = ep - name;
 	for (drv = user_convert; drv; drv = drv->next)
 		if (!strncmp(drv->name, name, namelen) && !drv->name[namelen])
 			break;
@@ -479,8 +454,6 @@ static int read_convert_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		user_convert_tail = &(drv->next);
 	}
 
-	ep++;
-
 	/*
 	 * filter.<name>.smudge and filter.<name>.clean specifies
 	 * the command line:
@@ -490,13 +463,13 @@ static int read_convert_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	 * The command-line will not be interpolated in any way.
 	 */
 
-	if (!strcmp("smudge", ep))
+	if (!strcmp("smudge", key))
 		return git_config_string(&drv->smudge, var, value);
 
-	if (!strcmp("clean", ep))
+	if (!strcmp("clean", key))
 		return git_config_string(&drv->clean, var, value);
 
-	if (!strcmp("required", ep)) {
+	if (!strcmp("required", key)) {
 		drv->required = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
diff --git a/ctype.c b/ctype.c
index 9353271..0bfebb4 100644
--- a/ctype.c
+++ b/ctype.c
@@ -11,18 +11,21 @@ enum {
 	D = GIT_DIGIT,
 	G = GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL,	/* *, ?, [, \\ */
 	R = GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL,	/* $, (, ), +, ., ^, {, | */
-	P = GIT_PATHSPEC_MAGIC  /* other non-alnum, except for ] and } */
+	P = GIT_PATHSPEC_MAGIC, /* other non-alnum, except for ] and } */
+	X = GIT_CNTRL,
+	U = GIT_PUNCT,
+	Z = GIT_CNTRL | GIT_SPACE
 };
 
-unsigned char sane_ctype[256] = {
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, S, S, 0, 0, S, 0, 0,		/*   0.. 15 */
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,		/*  16.. 31 */
+const unsigned char sane_ctype[256] = {
+	X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, Z, Z, X, X, Z, X, X,		/*   0.. 15 */
+	X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X,		/*  16.. 31 */
 	S, P, P, P, R, P, P, P, R, R, G, R, P, P, R, P,		/*  32.. 47 */
 	D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, P, P, P, P, P, G,		/*  48.. 63 */
 	P, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A,		/*  64.. 79 */
-	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, G, G, 0, R, P,		/*  80.. 95 */
+	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, G, G, U, R, P,		/*  80.. 95 */
 	P, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A,		/*  96..111 */
-	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, R, R, 0, P, 0,		/* 112..127 */
+	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, R, R, U, P, X,		/* 112..127 */
 	/* Nothing in the 128.. range */
 };
 
diff --git a/daemon.c b/daemon.c
index df8c0ab..6aeddcb 100644
--- a/daemon.c
+++ b/daemon.c
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ static void parse_host_arg(char *extra_args, int buflen)
 
 static int execute(void)
 {
-	static char line[1000];
+	char *line = packet_buffer;
 	int pktlen, len, i;
 	char *addr = getenv("REMOTE_ADDR"), *port = getenv("REMOTE_PORT");
 
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ static int execute(void)
 		loginfo("Connection from %s:%s", addr, port);
 
 	alarm(init_timeout ? init_timeout : timeout);
-	pktlen = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
+	pktlen = packet_read(0, NULL, NULL, packet_buffer, sizeof(packet_buffer), 0);
 	alarm(0);
 
 	len = strlen(line);
diff --git a/date.c b/date.c
index 876d679..29f1540 100644
--- a/date.c
+++ b/date.c
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ static int is_date(int year, int month, int day, struct tm *now_tm, time_t now,
 		 * sense to specify timestamp way into the future.  Make
 		 * sure it is not later than ten days from now...
 		 */
-		if (now + 10*24*3600 < specified)
+		if ((specified != -1) && (now + 10*24*3600 < specified))
 			return 0;
 		tm->tm_mon = r->tm_mon;
 		tm->tm_mday = r->tm_mday;
@@ -694,8 +694,14 @@ int parse_date_basic(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp, int *offset)
 
 	/* mktime uses local timezone */
 	*timestamp = tm_to_time_t(&tm);
-	if (*offset == -1)
-		*offset = ((time_t)*timestamp - mktime(&tm)) / 60;
+	if (*offset == -1) {
+		time_t temp_time = mktime(&tm);
+		if ((time_t)*timestamp > temp_time) {
+			*offset = ((time_t)*timestamp - temp_time) / 60;
+		} else {
+			*offset = -(int)((temp_time - (time_t)*timestamp) / 60);
+		}
+	}
 
 	if (*timestamp == -1)
 		return -1;
diff --git a/diff.c b/diff.c
index f041ab4..f0b3e7c 100644
--- a/diff.c
+++ b/diff.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ static int diff_no_prefix;
 static int diff_stat_graph_width;
 static int diff_dirstat_permille_default = 30;
 static struct diff_options default_diff_options;
+static long diff_algorithm;
 
 static char diff_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
@@ -143,6 +144,21 @@ static int git_config_rename(const char *var, const char *value)
 	return git_config_bool(var,value) ? DIFF_DETECT_RENAME : 0;
 }
 
+long parse_algorithm_value(const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return -1;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(value, "myers") || !strcasecmp(value, "default"))
+		return 0;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(value, "minimal"))
+		return XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(value, "patience"))
+		return XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF;
+	else if (!strcasecmp(value, "histogram"))
+		return XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF;
+	return -1;
+}
+
 /*
  * These are to give UI layer defaults.
  * The core-level commands such as git-diff-files should
@@ -196,6 +212,13 @@ int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.algorithm")) {
+		diff_algorithm = parse_algorithm_value(value);
+		if (diff_algorithm < 0)
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (git_color_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
@@ -402,12 +425,7 @@ static void emit_line_0(struct diff_options *o, const char *set, const char *res
 	int nofirst;
 	FILE *file = o->file;
 
-	if (o->output_prefix) {
-		struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
-		msg = o->output_prefix(o, o->output_prefix_data);
-		assert(msg);
-		fwrite(msg->buf, msg->len, 1, file);
-	}
+	fputs(diff_line_prefix(o), file);
 
 	if (len == 0) {
 		has_trailing_newline = (first == '\n');
@@ -625,13 +643,7 @@ static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 	char *data_one, *data_two;
 	size_t size_one, size_two;
 	struct emit_callback ecbdata;
-	char *line_prefix = "";
-	struct strbuf *msgbuf;
-
-	if (o && o->output_prefix) {
-		msgbuf = o->output_prefix(o, o->output_prefix_data);
-		line_prefix = msgbuf->buf;
-	}
+	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(o);
 
 	if (diff_mnemonic_prefix && DIFF_OPT_TST(o, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
 		a_prefix = o->b_prefix;
@@ -827,18 +839,14 @@ static void fn_out_diff_words_aux(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	int minus_first, minus_len, plus_first, plus_len;
 	const char *minus_begin, *minus_end, *plus_begin, *plus_end;
 	struct diff_options *opt = diff_words->opt;
-	struct strbuf *msgbuf;
-	char *line_prefix = "";
+	const char *line_prefix;
 
 	if (line[0] != '@' || parse_hunk_header(line, len,
 			&minus_first, &minus_len, &plus_first, &plus_len))
 		return;
 
 	assert(opt);
-	if (opt->output_prefix) {
-		msgbuf = opt->output_prefix(opt, opt->output_prefix_data);
-		line_prefix = msgbuf->buf;
-	}
+	line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(opt);
 
 	/* POSIX requires that first be decremented by one if len == 0... */
 	if (minus_len) {
@@ -962,14 +970,10 @@ static void diff_words_show(struct diff_words_data *diff_words)
 	struct diff_words_style *style = diff_words->style;
 
 	struct diff_options *opt = diff_words->opt;
-	struct strbuf *msgbuf;
-	char *line_prefix = "";
+	const char *line_prefix;
 
 	assert(opt);
-	if (opt->output_prefix) {
-		msgbuf = opt->output_prefix(opt, opt->output_prefix_data);
-		line_prefix = msgbuf->buf;
-	}
+	line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(opt);
 
 	/* special case: only removal */
 	if (!diff_words->plus.text.size) {
@@ -1105,6 +1109,16 @@ const char *diff_get_color(int diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix)
 	return "";
 }
 
+const char *diff_line_prefix(struct diff_options *opt)
+{
+	struct strbuf *msgbuf;
+	if (!opt->output_prefix)
+		return "";
+
+	msgbuf = opt->output_prefix(opt, opt->output_prefix_data);
+	return msgbuf->buf;
+}
+
 static unsigned long sane_truncate_line(struct emit_callback *ecb, char *line, unsigned long len)
 {
 	const char *cp;
@@ -1145,13 +1159,7 @@ static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	const char *plain = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_PLAIN);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
 	struct diff_options *o = ecbdata->opt;
-	char *line_prefix = "";
-	struct strbuf *msgbuf;
-
-	if (o && o->output_prefix) {
-		msgbuf = o->output_prefix(o, o->output_prefix_data);
-		line_prefix = msgbuf->buf;
-	}
+	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(o);
 
 	if (ecbdata->header) {
 		fprintf(ecbdata->opt->file, "%s", ecbdata->header->buf);
@@ -1487,16 +1495,11 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 	const char *reset, *add_c, *del_c;
 	const char *line_prefix = "";
 	int extra_shown = 0;
-	struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
 
 	if (data->nr == 0)
 		return;
 
-	if (options->output_prefix) {
-		msg = options->output_prefix(options, options->output_prefix_data);
-		line_prefix = msg->buf;
-	}
-
+	line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(options);
 	count = options->stat_count ? options->stat_count : data->nr;
 
 	reset = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_RESET);
@@ -1562,7 +1565,7 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 	 * Binary files are displayed with "Bin XXX -> YYY bytes"
 	 * instead of the change count and graph. This part is treated
 	 * similarly to the graph part, except that it is not
-	 * "scaled". If total width is too small to accomodate the
+	 * "scaled". If total width is too small to accommodate the
 	 * guaranteed minimum width of the filename part and the
 	 * separators and this message, this message will "overflow"
 	 * making the line longer than the maximum width.
@@ -1748,12 +1751,7 @@ static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *option
 			dels += deleted;
 		}
 	}
-	if (options->output_prefix) {
-		struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
-		msg = options->output_prefix(options,
-				options->output_prefix_data);
-		fprintf(options->file, "%s", msg->buf);
-	}
+	fprintf(options->file, "%s", diff_line_prefix(options));
 	print_stat_summary(options->file, total_files, adds, dels);
 }
 
@@ -1767,12 +1765,7 @@ static void show_numstat(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 	for (i = 0; i < data->nr; i++) {
 		struct diffstat_file *file = data->files[i];
 
-		if (options->output_prefix) {
-			struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
-			msg = options->output_prefix(options,
-					options->output_prefix_data);
-			fprintf(options->file, "%s", msg->buf);
-		}
+		fprintf(options->file, "%s", diff_line_prefix(options));
 
 		if (file->is_binary)
 			fprintf(options->file, "-\t-\t");
@@ -1814,13 +1807,7 @@ static long gather_dirstat(struct diff_options *opt, struct dirstat_dir *dir,
 {
 	unsigned long this_dir = 0;
 	unsigned int sources = 0;
-	const char *line_prefix = "";
-	struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
-
-	if (opt->output_prefix) {
-		msg = opt->output_prefix(opt, opt->output_prefix_data);
-		line_prefix = msg->buf;
-	}
+	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(opt);
 
 	while (dir->nr) {
 		struct dirstat_file *f = dir->files;
@@ -2070,15 +2057,10 @@ static void checkdiff_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(data->o->use_color, DIFF_RESET);
 	const char *set = diff_get_color(data->o->use_color, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
 	char *err;
-	char *line_prefix = "";
-	struct strbuf *msgbuf;
+	const char *line_prefix;
 
 	assert(data->o);
-	if (data->o->output_prefix) {
-		msgbuf = data->o->output_prefix(data->o,
-			data->o->output_prefix_data);
-		line_prefix = msgbuf->buf;
-	}
+	line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(data->o);
 
 	if (line[0] == '+') {
 		unsigned bad;
@@ -2135,7 +2117,8 @@ static unsigned char *deflate_it(char *data,
 	return deflated;
 }
 
-static void emit_binary_diff_body(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two, char *prefix)
+static void emit_binary_diff_body(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
+				  const char *prefix)
 {
 	void *cp;
 	void *delta;
@@ -2196,7 +2179,8 @@ static void emit_binary_diff_body(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two, char
 	free(data);
 }
 
-static void emit_binary_diff(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two, char *prefix)
+static void emit_binary_diff(FILE *file, mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
+			     const char *prefix)
 {
 	fprintf(file, "%sGIT binary patch\n", prefix);
 	emit_binary_diff_body(file, one, two, prefix);
@@ -2263,13 +2247,7 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_one = NULL;
 	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_two = NULL;
 	struct strbuf header = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf *msgbuf;
-	char *line_prefix = "";
-
-	if (o->output_prefix) {
-		msgbuf = o->output_prefix(o, o->output_prefix_data);
-		line_prefix = msgbuf->buf;
-	}
+	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(o);
 
 	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, SUBMODULE_LOG) &&
 			(!one->mode || S_ISGITLINK(one->mode)) &&
@@ -2277,6 +2255,7 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 		const char *del = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
 		const char *add = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
 		show_submodule_summary(o->file, one ? one->path : two->path,
+				line_prefix,
 				one->sha1, two->sha1, two->dirty_submodule,
 				meta, del, add, reset);
 		return;
@@ -2968,14 +2947,9 @@ static void fill_metainfo(struct strbuf *msg,
 {
 	const char *set = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_METAINFO);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_RESET);
-	struct strbuf *msgbuf;
-	char *line_prefix = "";
+	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(o);
 
 	*must_show_header = 1;
-	if (o->output_prefix) {
-		msgbuf = o->output_prefix(o, o->output_prefix_data);
-		line_prefix = msgbuf->buf;
-	}
 	strbuf_init(msg, PATH_MAX * 2 + 300);
 	switch (p->status) {
 	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
@@ -3225,6 +3199,7 @@ void diff_setup(struct diff_options *options)
 	options->add_remove = diff_addremove;
 	options->use_color = diff_use_color_default;
 	options->detect_rename = diff_detect_rename_default;
+	options->xdl_opts |= diff_algorithm;
 
 	if (diff_no_prefix) {
 		options->a_prefix = options->b_prefix = "";
@@ -3622,6 +3597,17 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		options->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(options, PATIENCE_DIFF);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--histogram"))
 		options->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(options, HISTOGRAM_DIFF);
+	else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("diff-algorithm", av, &optarg))) {
+		long value = parse_algorithm_value(optarg);
+		if (value < 0)
+			return error("option diff-algorithm accepts \"myers\", "
+				     "\"minimal\", \"patience\" and \"histogram\"");
+		/* clear out previous settings */
+		DIFF_XDL_CLR(options, NEED_MINIMAL);
+		options->xdl_opts &= ~XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK;
+		options->xdl_opts |= value;
+		return argcount;
+	}
 
 	/* flags options */
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--binary")) {
@@ -3638,6 +3624,8 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--follow"))
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-follow"))
+		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color"))
 		options->use_color = 1;
 	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--color=")) {
@@ -3910,12 +3898,8 @@ static void diff_flush_raw(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *opt)
 {
 	int line_termination = opt->line_termination;
 	int inter_name_termination = line_termination ? '\t' : '\0';
-	if (opt->output_prefix) {
-		struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
-		msg = opt->output_prefix(opt, opt->output_prefix_data);
-		fprintf(opt->file, "%s", msg->buf);
-	}
 
+	fprintf(opt->file, "%s", diff_line_prefix(opt));
 	if (!(opt->output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS)) {
 		fprintf(opt->file, ":%06o %06o %s ", p->one->mode, p->two->mode,
 			diff_unique_abbrev(p->one->sha1, opt->abbrev));
@@ -4185,12 +4169,7 @@ static void show_rename_copy(FILE *file, const char *renamecopy, struct diff_fil
 static void diff_summary(struct diff_options *opt, struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
 	FILE *file = opt->file;
-	char *line_prefix = "";
-
-	if (opt->output_prefix) {
-		struct strbuf *buf = opt->output_prefix(opt, opt->output_prefix_data);
-		line_prefix = buf->buf;
-	}
+	const char *line_prefix = diff_line_prefix(opt);
 
 	switch(p->status) {
 	case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
@@ -4491,13 +4470,9 @@ void diff_flush(struct diff_options *options)
 
 	if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH) {
 		if (separator) {
-			if (options->output_prefix) {
-				struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
-				msg = options->output_prefix(options,
-					options->output_prefix_data);
-				fwrite(msg->buf, msg->len, 1, stdout);
-			}
-			putc(options->line_termination, options->file);
+			fprintf(options->file, "%s%c",
+				diff_line_prefix(options),
+				options->line_termination);
 			if (options->stat_sep) {
 				/* attach patch instead of inline */
 				fputs(options->stat_sep, options->file);
@@ -4701,7 +4676,7 @@ int diff_result_code(struct diff_options *opt, int status)
 {
 	int result = 0;
 
-	diff_warn_rename_limit("diff.renamelimit",
+	diff_warn_rename_limit("diff.renameLimit",
 			       opt->needed_rename_limit,
 			       opt->degraded_cc_to_c);
 	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
diff --git a/diff.h b/diff.h
index a47bae4..78b4091 100644
--- a/diff.h
+++ b/diff.h
@@ -174,6 +174,9 @@ const char *diff_get_color(int diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix);
 	diff_get_color((o)->use_color, ix)
 
 
+const char *diff_line_prefix(struct diff_options *);
+
+
 extern const char mime_boundary_leader[];
 
 extern void diff_tree_setup_paths(const char **paths, struct diff_options *);
@@ -333,6 +336,8 @@ extern struct userdiff_driver *get_textconv(struct diff_filespec *one);
 
 extern int parse_rename_score(const char **cp_p);
 
+extern long parse_algorithm_value(const char *value);
+
 extern int print_stat_summary(FILE *fp, int files,
 			      int insertions, int deletions);
 extern void setup_diff_pager(struct diff_options *);
diff --git a/diffcore-break.c b/diffcore-break.c
index 44f8678..1d9e530 100644
--- a/diffcore-break.c
+++ b/diffcore-break.c
@@ -68,6 +68,9 @@ static int should_break(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	if (max_size < MINIMUM_BREAK_SIZE)
 		return 0; /* we do not break too small filepair */
 
+	if (!src->size)
+		return 0; /* we do not let empty files get renamed */
+
 	if (diffcore_count_changes(src, dst,
 				   &src->cnt_data, &dst->cnt_data,
 				   0,
diff --git a/diffcore-pickaxe.c b/diffcore-pickaxe.c
index b097fa7..63722f8 100644
--- a/diffcore-pickaxe.c
+++ b/diffcore-pickaxe.c
@@ -8,7 +8,12 @@
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "kwset.h"
 
-typedef int (*pickaxe_fn)(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o, regex_t *regexp, kwset_t kws);
+typedef int (*pickaxe_fn)(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
+			  struct diff_options *o,
+			  regex_t *regexp, kwset_t kws);
+
+static int pickaxe_match(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o,
+			 regex_t *regexp, kwset_t kws, pickaxe_fn fn);
 
 static void pickaxe(struct diff_queue_struct *q, struct diff_options *o,
 		    regex_t *regexp, kwset_t kws, pickaxe_fn fn)
@@ -22,7 +27,7 @@ static void pickaxe(struct diff_queue_struct *q, struct diff_options *o,
 		/* Showing the whole changeset if needle exists */
 		for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 			struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
-			if (fn(p, o, regexp, kws))
+			if (pickaxe_match(p, o, regexp, kws, fn))
 				return; /* do not munge the queue */
 		}
 
@@ -37,7 +42,7 @@ static void pickaxe(struct diff_queue_struct *q, struct diff_options *o,
 		/* Showing only the filepairs that has the needle */
 		for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 			struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
-			if (fn(p, o, regexp, kws))
+			if (pickaxe_match(p, o, regexp, kws, fn))
 				diff_q(&outq, p);
 			else
 				diff_free_filepair(p);
@@ -74,64 +79,33 @@ static void diffgrep_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	line[len] = hold;
 }
 
-static void fill_one(struct diff_filespec *one,
-		     mmfile_t *mf, struct userdiff_driver **textconv)
-{
-	if (DIFF_FILE_VALID(one)) {
-		*textconv = get_textconv(one);
-		mf->size = fill_textconv(*textconv, one, &mf->ptr);
-	} else {
-		memset(mf, 0, sizeof(*mf));
-	}
-}
-
-static int diff_grep(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o,
+static int diff_grep(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
+		     struct diff_options *o,
 		     regex_t *regexp, kwset_t kws)
 {
 	regmatch_t regmatch;
-	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_one = NULL;
-	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_two = NULL;
-	mmfile_t mf1, mf2;
-	int hit;
+	struct diffgrep_cb ecbdata;
+	xpparam_t xpp;
+	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 
-	if (diff_unmodified_pair(p))
-		return 0;
+	if (!one)
+		return !regexec(regexp, two->ptr, 1, &regmatch, 0);
+	if (!two)
+		return !regexec(regexp, one->ptr, 1, &regmatch, 0);
 
-	fill_one(p->one, &mf1, &textconv_one);
-	fill_one(p->two, &mf2, &textconv_two);
-
-	if (!mf1.ptr) {
-		if (!mf2.ptr)
-			return 0; /* ignore unmerged */
-		/* created "two" -- does it have what we are looking for? */
-		hit = !regexec(regexp, mf2.ptr, 1, &regmatch, 0);
-	} else if (!mf2.ptr) {
-		/* removed "one" -- did it have what we are looking for? */
-		hit = !regexec(regexp, mf1.ptr, 1, &regmatch, 0);
-	} else {
-		/*
-		 * We have both sides; need to run textual diff and see if
-		 * the pattern appears on added/deleted lines.
-		 */
-		struct diffgrep_cb ecbdata;
-		xpparam_t xpp;
-		xdemitconf_t xecfg;
-
-		memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
-		memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
-		ecbdata.regexp = regexp;
-		ecbdata.hit = 0;
-		xecfg.ctxlen = o->context;
-		xecfg.interhunkctxlen = o->interhunkcontext;
-		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, diffgrep_consume, &ecbdata,
-			      &xpp, &xecfg);
-		hit = ecbdata.hit;
-	}
-	if (textconv_one)
-		free(mf1.ptr);
-	if (textconv_two)
-		free(mf2.ptr);
-	return hit;
+	/*
+	 * We have both sides; need to run textual diff and see if
+	 * the pattern appears on added/deleted lines.
+	 */
+	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
+	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
+	ecbdata.regexp = regexp;
+	ecbdata.hit = 0;
+	xecfg.ctxlen = o->context;
+	xecfg.interhunkctxlen = o->interhunkcontext;
+	xdi_diff_outf(one, two, diffgrep_consume, &ecbdata,
+		      &xpp, &xecfg);
+	return ecbdata.hit;
 }
 
 static void diffcore_pickaxe_grep(struct diff_options *o)
@@ -198,17 +172,37 @@ static unsigned int contains(mmfile_t *mf, struct diff_options *o,
 	return cnt;
 }
 
-static int has_changes(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o,
+static int has_changes(mmfile_t *one, mmfile_t *two,
+		       struct diff_options *o,
 		       regex_t *regexp, kwset_t kws)
 {
-	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_one = get_textconv(p->one);
-	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_two = get_textconv(p->two);
+	if (!one)
+		return contains(two, o, regexp, kws) != 0;
+	if (!two)
+		return contains(one, o, regexp, kws) != 0;
+	return contains(one, o, regexp, kws) != contains(two, o, regexp, kws);
+}
+
+static int pickaxe_match(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o,
+			 regex_t *regexp, kwset_t kws, pickaxe_fn fn)
+{
+	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_one = NULL;
+	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_two = NULL;
 	mmfile_t mf1, mf2;
 	int ret;
 
 	if (!o->pickaxe[0])
 		return 0;
 
+	/* ignore unmerged */
+	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) && !DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_TEXTCONV)) {
+		textconv_one = get_textconv(p->one);
+		textconv_two = get_textconv(p->two);
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * If we have an unmodified pair, we know that the count will be the
 	 * same and don't even have to load the blobs. Unless textconv is in
@@ -219,20 +213,12 @@ static int has_changes(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o,
 	if (textconv_one == textconv_two && diff_unmodified_pair(p))
 		return 0;
 
-	fill_one(p->one, &mf1, &textconv_one);
-	fill_one(p->two, &mf2, &textconv_two);
+	mf1.size = fill_textconv(textconv_one, p->one, &mf1.ptr);
+	mf2.size = fill_textconv(textconv_two, p->two, &mf2.ptr);
 
-	if (!mf1.ptr) {
-		if (!mf2.ptr)
-			ret = 0; /* ignore unmerged */
-		/* created */
-		ret = contains(&mf2, o, regexp, kws) != 0;
-	}
-	else if (!mf2.ptr) /* removed */
-		ret = contains(&mf1, o, regexp, kws) != 0;
-	else
-		ret = contains(&mf1, o, regexp, kws) !=
-		      contains(&mf2, o, regexp, kws);
+	ret = fn(DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one) ? &mf1 : NULL,
+		 DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two) ? &mf2 : NULL,
+		 o, regexp, kws);
 
 	if (textconv_one)
 		free(mf1.ptr);
diff --git a/diffcore-rename.c b/diffcore-rename.c
index 512d0ac..6c7a72f 100644
--- a/diffcore-rename.c
+++ b/diffcore-rename.c
@@ -389,6 +389,7 @@ static int find_exact_renames(struct diff_options *options)
 	struct hash_table file_table;
 
 	init_hash(&file_table);
+	preallocate_hash(&file_table, rename_src_nr + rename_dst_nr);
 	for (i = 0; i < rename_src_nr; i++)
 		insert_file_table(&file_table, -1, i, rename_src[i].p->one);
 
diff --git a/dir.c b/dir.c
index 6fdd3b2..a5926fb 100644
--- a/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@ -2,19 +2,36 @@
  * This handles recursive filename detection with exclude
  * files, index knowledge etc..
  *
+ * See Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
+ *
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005-2006
  *		 Junio Hamano, 2005-2006
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "wildmatch.h"
 
 struct path_simplify {
 	int len;
 	const char *path;
 };
 
-static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, int len,
+/*
+ * Tells read_directory_recursive how a file or directory should be treated.
+ * Values are ordered by significance, e.g. if a directory contains both
+ * excluded and untracked files, it is listed as untracked because
+ * path_untracked > path_excluded.
+ */
+enum path_treatment {
+	path_none = 0,
+	path_recurse,
+	path_excluded,
+	path_untracked
+};
+
+static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
+	const char *path, int len,
 	int check_only, const struct path_simplify *simplify);
 static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path, int len);
 
@@ -34,6 +51,28 @@ int fnmatch_icase(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags)
 	return fnmatch(pattern, string, flags | (ignore_case ? FNM_CASEFOLD : 0));
 }
 
+inline int git_fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string,
+		       int flags, int prefix)
+{
+	int fnm_flags = 0;
+	if (flags & GFNM_PATHNAME)
+		fnm_flags |= FNM_PATHNAME;
+	if (prefix > 0) {
+		if (strncmp(pattern, string, prefix))
+			return FNM_NOMATCH;
+		pattern += prefix;
+		string += prefix;
+	}
+	if (flags & GFNM_ONESTAR) {
+		int pattern_len = strlen(++pattern);
+		int string_len = strlen(string);
+		return string_len < pattern_len ||
+		       strcmp(pattern,
+			      string + string_len - pattern_len);
+	}
+	return fnmatch(pattern, string, fnm_flags);
+}
+
 static int fnmatch_icase_mem(const char *pattern, int patternlen,
 			     const char *string, int stringlen,
 			     int flags)
@@ -53,7 +92,9 @@ static int fnmatch_icase_mem(const char *pattern, int patternlen,
 		use_str = str_buf.buf;
 	}
 
-	match_status = fnmatch_icase(use_pat, use_str, flags);
+	if (ignore_case)
+		flags |= WM_CASEFOLD;
+	match_status = wildmatch(use_pat, use_str, flags, NULL);
 
 	strbuf_release(&pat_buf);
 	strbuf_release(&str_buf);
@@ -65,6 +106,7 @@ static size_t common_prefix_len(const char **pathspec)
 {
 	const char *n, *first;
 	size_t max = 0;
+	int literal = limit_pathspec_to_literal();
 
 	if (!pathspec)
 		return max;
@@ -74,7 +116,7 @@ static size_t common_prefix_len(const char **pathspec)
 		size_t i, len = 0;
 		for (i = 0; first == n || i < max; i++) {
 			char c = n[i];
-			if (!c || c != first[i] || is_glob_special(c))
+			if (!c || c != first[i] || (!literal && is_glob_special(c)))
 				break;
 			if (c == '/')
 				len = i + 1;
@@ -144,6 +186,7 @@ int within_depth(const char *name, int namelen,
 static int match_one(const char *match, const char *name, int namelen)
 {
 	int matchlen;
+	int literal = limit_pathspec_to_literal();
 
 	/* If the match was just the prefix, we matched */
 	if (!*match)
@@ -153,7 +196,7 @@ static int match_one(const char *match, const char *name, int namelen)
 		for (;;) {
 			unsigned char c1 = tolower(*match);
 			unsigned char c2 = tolower(*name);
-			if (c1 == '\0' || is_glob_special(c1))
+			if (c1 == '\0' || (!literal && is_glob_special(c1)))
 				break;
 			if (c1 != c2)
 				return 0;
@@ -165,7 +208,7 @@ static int match_one(const char *match, const char *name, int namelen)
 		for (;;) {
 			unsigned char c1 = *match;
 			unsigned char c2 = *name;
-			if (c1 == '\0' || is_glob_special(c1))
+			if (c1 == '\0' || (!literal && is_glob_special(c1)))
 				break;
 			if (c1 != c2)
 				return 0;
@@ -175,14 +218,16 @@ static int match_one(const char *match, const char *name, int namelen)
 		}
 	}
 
-
 	/*
 	 * If we don't match the matchstring exactly,
 	 * we need to match by fnmatch
 	 */
 	matchlen = strlen(match);
-	if (strncmp_icase(match, name, matchlen))
+	if (strncmp_icase(match, name, matchlen)) {
+		if (literal)
+			return 0;
 		return !fnmatch_icase(match, name, 0) ? MATCHED_FNMATCH : 0;
+	}
 
 	if (namelen == matchlen)
 		return MATCHED_EXACTLY;
@@ -192,12 +237,19 @@ static int match_one(const char *match, const char *name, int namelen)
 }
 
 /*
- * Given a name and a list of pathspecs, see if the name matches
- * any of the pathspecs.  The caller is also interested in seeing
- * all pathspec matches some names it calls this function with
- * (otherwise the user could have mistyped the unmatched pathspec),
- * and a mark is left in seen[] array for pathspec element that
- * actually matched anything.
+ * Given a name and a list of pathspecs, returns the nature of the
+ * closest (i.e. most specific) match of the name to any of the
+ * pathspecs.
+ *
+ * The caller typically calls this multiple times with the same
+ * pathspec and seen[] array but with different name/namelen
+ * (e.g. entries from the index) and is interested in seeing if and
+ * how each pathspec matches all the names it calls this function
+ * with.  A mark is left in the seen[] array for each pathspec element
+ * indicating the closest type of match that element achieved, so if
+ * seen[n] remains zero after multiple invocations, that means the nth
+ * pathspec did not match any names, which could indicate that the
+ * user mistyped the nth pathspec.
  */
 int match_pathspec(const char **pathspec, const char *name, int namelen,
 		int prefix, char *seen)
@@ -257,19 +309,29 @@ static int match_pathspec_item(const struct pathspec_item *item, int prefix,
 			return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
 	}
 
-	if (item->use_wildcard && !fnmatch(match, name, 0))
+	if (item->nowildcard_len < item->len &&
+	    !git_fnmatch(match, name,
+			 item->flags & PATHSPEC_ONESTAR ? GFNM_ONESTAR : 0,
+			 item->nowildcard_len - prefix))
 		return MATCHED_FNMATCH;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Given a name and a list of pathspecs, see if the name matches
- * any of the pathspecs.  The caller is also interested in seeing
- * all pathspec matches some names it calls this function with
- * (otherwise the user could have mistyped the unmatched pathspec),
- * and a mark is left in seen[] array for pathspec element that
- * actually matched anything.
+ * Given a name and a list of pathspecs, returns the nature of the
+ * closest (i.e. most specific) match of the name to any of the
+ * pathspecs.
+ *
+ * The caller typically calls this multiple times with the same
+ * pathspec and seen[] array but with different name/namelen
+ * (e.g. entries from the index) and is interested in seeing if and
+ * how each pathspec matches all the names it calls this function
+ * with.  A mark is left in the seen[] array for each pathspec element
+ * indicating the closest type of match that element achieved, so if
+ * seen[n] remains zero after multiple invocations, that means the nth
+ * pathspec did not match any names, which could indicate that the
+ * user mistyped the nth pathspec.
  */
 int match_pathspec_depth(const struct pathspec *ps,
 			 const char *name, int namelen,
@@ -374,7 +436,7 @@ void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **pattern,
 }
 
 void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
-		 int baselen, struct exclude_list *which)
+		 int baselen, struct exclude_list *el, int srcpos)
 {
 	struct exclude *x;
 	int patternlen;
@@ -398,8 +460,10 @@ void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
 	x->base = base;
 	x->baselen = baselen;
 	x->flags = flags;
-	ALLOC_GROW(which->excludes, which->nr + 1, which->alloc);
-	which->excludes[which->nr++] = x;
+	x->srcpos = srcpos;
+	ALLOC_GROW(el->excludes, el->nr + 1, el->alloc);
+	el->excludes[el->nr++] = x;
+	x->el = el;
 }
 
 static void *read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(const char *path, size_t *size)
@@ -425,27 +489,32 @@ static void *read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(const char *path, size_t *size)
 	return data;
 }
 
-void free_excludes(struct exclude_list *el)
+/*
+ * Frees memory within el which was allocated for exclude patterns and
+ * the file buffer.  Does not free el itself.
+ */
+void clear_exclude_list(struct exclude_list *el)
 {
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < el->nr; i++)
 		free(el->excludes[i]);
 	free(el->excludes);
+	free(el->filebuf);
 
 	el->nr = 0;
 	el->excludes = NULL;
+	el->filebuf = NULL;
 }
 
 int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname,
 				   const char *base,
 				   int baselen,
-				   char **buf_p,
-				   struct exclude_list *which,
+				   struct exclude_list *el,
 				   int check_index)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	int fd, i;
+	int fd, i, lineno = 1;
 	size_t size = 0;
 	char *buf, *entry;
 
@@ -483,80 +552,44 @@ int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname,
 		close(fd);
 	}
 
-	if (buf_p)
-		*buf_p = buf;
+	el->filebuf = buf;
 	entry = buf;
 	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
 		if (buf[i] == '\n') {
 			if (entry != buf + i && entry[0] != '#') {
 				buf[i - (i && buf[i-1] == '\r')] = 0;
-				add_exclude(entry, base, baselen, which);
+				add_exclude(entry, base, baselen, el, lineno);
 			}
+			lineno++;
 			entry = buf + i + 1;
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname)
+struct exclude_list *add_exclude_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
+				      int group_type, const char *src)
 {
-	if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(fname, "", 0, NULL,
-					   &dir->exclude_list[EXC_FILE], 0) < 0)
-		die("cannot use %s as an exclude file", fname);
+	struct exclude_list *el;
+	struct exclude_list_group *group;
+
+	group = &dir->exclude_list_group[group_type];
+	ALLOC_GROW(group->el, group->nr + 1, group->alloc);
+	el = &group->el[group->nr++];
+	memset(el, 0, sizeof(*el));
+	el->src = src;
+	return el;
 }
 
-static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
+/*
+ * Used to set up core.excludesfile and .git/info/exclude lists.
+ */
+void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname)
 {
 	struct exclude_list *el;
-	struct exclude_stack *stk = NULL;
-	int current;
-
-	if ((!dir->exclude_per_dir) ||
-	    (baselen + strlen(dir->exclude_per_dir) >= PATH_MAX))
-		return; /* too long a path -- ignore */
-
-	/* Pop the ones that are not the prefix of the path being checked. */
-	el = &dir->exclude_list[EXC_DIRS];
-	while ((stk = dir->exclude_stack) != NULL) {
-		if (stk->baselen <= baselen &&
-		    !strncmp(dir->basebuf, base, stk->baselen))
-			break;
-		dir->exclude_stack = stk->prev;
-		while (stk->exclude_ix < el->nr)
-			free(el->excludes[--el->nr]);
-		free(stk->filebuf);
-		free(stk);
-	}
-
-	/* Read from the parent directories and push them down. */
-	current = stk ? stk->baselen : -1;
-	while (current < baselen) {
-		struct exclude_stack *stk = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*stk));
-		const char *cp;
-
-		if (current < 0) {
-			cp = base;
-			current = 0;
-		}
-		else {
-			cp = strchr(base + current + 1, '/');
-			if (!cp)
-				die("oops in prep_exclude");
-			cp++;
-		}
-		stk->prev = dir->exclude_stack;
-		stk->baselen = cp - base;
-		stk->exclude_ix = el->nr;
-		memcpy(dir->basebuf + current, base + current,
-		       stk->baselen - current);
-		strcpy(dir->basebuf + stk->baselen, dir->exclude_per_dir);
-		add_excludes_from_file_to_list(dir->basebuf,
-					       dir->basebuf, stk->baselen,
-					       &stk->filebuf, el, 1);
-		dir->exclude_stack = stk;
-		current = stk->baselen;
-	}
-	dir->basebuf[baselen] = '\0';
+	el = add_exclude_list(dir, EXC_FILE, fname);
+	if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(fname, "", 0, el, 0) < 0)
+		die("cannot use %s as an exclude file", fname);
 }
 
 int match_basename(const char *basename, int basenamelen,
@@ -639,25 +672,29 @@ int match_pathname(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
 
 	return fnmatch_icase_mem(pattern, patternlen,
 				 name, namelen,
-				 FNM_PATHNAME) == 0;
+				 WM_PATHNAME) == 0;
 }
 
-/* Scan the list and let the last match determine the fate.
- * Return 1 for exclude, 0 for include and -1 for undecided.
+/*
+ * Scan the given exclude list in reverse to see whether pathname
+ * should be ignored.  The first match (i.e. the last on the list), if
+ * any, determines the fate.  Returns the exclude_list element which
+ * matched, or NULL for undecided.
  */
-int excluded_from_list(const char *pathname,
-		       int pathlen, const char *basename, int *dtype,
-		       struct exclude_list *el)
+static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_list(const char *pathname,
+						       int pathlen,
+						       const char *basename,
+						       int *dtype,
+						       struct exclude_list *el)
 {
 	int i;
 
 	if (!el->nr)
-		return -1;	/* undefined */
+		return NULL;	/* undefined */
 
 	for (i = el->nr - 1; 0 <= i; i--) {
 		struct exclude *x = el->excludes[i];
 		const char *exclude = x->pattern;
-		int to_exclude = x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
 		int prefix = x->nowildcardlen;
 
 		if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
@@ -672,7 +709,7 @@ int excluded_from_list(const char *pathname,
 					   pathlen - (basename - pathname),
 					   exclude, prefix, x->patternlen,
 					   x->flags))
-				return to_exclude;
+				return x;
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -680,87 +717,175 @@ int excluded_from_list(const char *pathname,
 		if (match_pathname(pathname, pathlen,
 				   x->base, x->baselen ? x->baselen - 1 : 0,
 				   exclude, prefix, x->patternlen, x->flags))
-			return to_exclude;
-	}
-	return -1; /* undecided */
-}
-
-static int excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int *dtype_p)
-{
-	int pathlen = strlen(pathname);
-	int st;
-	const char *basename = strrchr(pathname, '/');
-	basename = (basename) ? basename+1 : pathname;
-
-	prep_exclude(dir, pathname, basename-pathname);
-	for (st = EXC_CMDL; st <= EXC_FILE; st++) {
-		switch (excluded_from_list(pathname, pathlen, basename,
-					   dtype_p, &dir->exclude_list[st])) {
-		case 0:
-			return 0;
-		case 1:
-			return 1;
-		}
+			return x;
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return NULL; /* undecided */
 }
 
-void path_exclude_check_init(struct path_exclude_check *check,
-			     struct dir_struct *dir)
+/*
+ * Scan the list and let the last match determine the fate.
+ * Return 1 for exclude, 0 for include and -1 for undecided.
+ */
+int is_excluded_from_list(const char *pathname,
+			  int pathlen, const char *basename, int *dtype,
+			  struct exclude_list *el)
 {
-	check->dir = dir;
-	strbuf_init(&check->path, 256);
+	struct exclude *exclude;
+	exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_list(pathname, pathlen, basename, dtype, el);
+	if (exclude)
+		return exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
+	return -1; /* undecided */
 }
 
-void path_exclude_check_clear(struct path_exclude_check *check)
+static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_lists(struct dir_struct *dir,
+		const char *pathname, int pathlen, const char *basename,
+		int *dtype_p)
 {
-	strbuf_release(&check->path);
+	int i, j;
+	struct exclude_list_group *group;
+	struct exclude *exclude;
+	for (i = EXC_CMDL; i <= EXC_FILE; i++) {
+		group = &dir->exclude_list_group[i];
+		for (j = group->nr - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+			exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_list(
+				pathname, pathlen, basename, dtype_p,
+				&group->el[j]);
+			if (exclude)
+				return exclude;
+		}
+	}
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 /*
- * Is this name excluded?  This is for a caller like show_files() that
- * do not honor directory hierarchy and iterate through paths that are
- * possibly in an ignored directory.
- *
- * A path to a directory known to be excluded is left in check->path to
- * optimize for repeated checks for files in the same excluded directory.
+ * Loads the per-directory exclude list for the substring of base
+ * which has a char length of baselen.
  */
-int path_excluded(struct path_exclude_check *check,
-		  const char *name, int namelen, int *dtype)
+static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
 {
-	int i;
-	struct strbuf *path = &check->path;
+	struct exclude_list_group *group;
+	struct exclude_list *el;
+	struct exclude_stack *stk = NULL;
+	int current;
 
-	/*
-	 * we allow the caller to pass namelen as an optimization; it
-	 * must match the length of the name, as we eventually call
-	 * excluded() on the whole name string.
-	 */
-	if (namelen < 0)
-		namelen = strlen(name);
+	group = &dir->exclude_list_group[EXC_DIRS];
 
-	if (path->len &&
-	    path->len <= namelen &&
-	    !memcmp(name, path->buf, path->len) &&
-	    (!name[path->len] || name[path->len] == '/'))
-		return 1;
+	/* Pop the exclude lists from the EXCL_DIRS exclude_list_group
+	 * which originate from directories not in the prefix of the
+	 * path being checked. */
+	while ((stk = dir->exclude_stack) != NULL) {
+		if (stk->baselen <= baselen &&
+		    !strncmp(dir->basebuf, base, stk->baselen))
+			break;
+		el = &group->el[dir->exclude_stack->exclude_ix];
+		dir->exclude_stack = stk->prev;
+		dir->exclude = NULL;
+		free((char *)el->src); /* see strdup() below */
+		clear_exclude_list(el);
+		free(stk);
+		group->nr--;
+	}
 
-	strbuf_setlen(path, 0);
-	for (i = 0; name[i]; i++) {
-		int ch = name[i];
+	/* Skip traversing into sub directories if the parent is excluded */
+	if (dir->exclude)
+		return;
 
-		if (ch == '/') {
+	/* Read from the parent directories and push them down. */
+	current = stk ? stk->baselen : -1;
+	while (current < baselen) {
+		struct exclude_stack *stk = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*stk));
+		const char *cp;
+
+		if (current < 0) {
+			cp = base;
+			current = 0;
+		}
+		else {
+			cp = strchr(base + current + 1, '/');
+			if (!cp)
+				die("oops in prep_exclude");
+			cp++;
+		}
+		stk->prev = dir->exclude_stack;
+		stk->baselen = cp - base;
+		stk->exclude_ix = group->nr;
+		el = add_exclude_list(dir, EXC_DIRS, NULL);
+		memcpy(dir->basebuf + current, base + current,
+		       stk->baselen - current);
+
+		/* Abort if the directory is excluded */
+		if (stk->baselen) {
 			int dt = DT_DIR;
-			if (excluded(check->dir, path->buf, &dt))
-				return 1;
+			dir->basebuf[stk->baselen - 1] = 0;
+			dir->exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_lists(dir,
+				dir->basebuf, stk->baselen - 1,
+				dir->basebuf + current, &dt);
+			dir->basebuf[stk->baselen - 1] = '/';
+			if (dir->exclude) {
+				dir->basebuf[stk->baselen] = 0;
+				dir->exclude_stack = stk;
+				return;
+			}
 		}
-		strbuf_addch(path, ch);
+
+		/* Try to read per-directory file unless path is too long */
+		if (dir->exclude_per_dir &&
+		    stk->baselen + strlen(dir->exclude_per_dir) < PATH_MAX) {
+			strcpy(dir->basebuf + stk->baselen,
+					dir->exclude_per_dir);
+			/*
+			 * dir->basebuf gets reused by the traversal, but we
+			 * need fname to remain unchanged to ensure the src
+			 * member of each struct exclude correctly
+			 * back-references its source file.  Other invocations
+			 * of add_exclude_list provide stable strings, so we
+			 * strdup() and free() here in the caller.
+			 */
+			el->src = strdup(dir->basebuf);
+			add_excludes_from_file_to_list(dir->basebuf,
+					dir->basebuf, stk->baselen, el, 1);
+		}
+		dir->exclude_stack = stk;
+		current = stk->baselen;
 	}
+	dir->basebuf[baselen] = '\0';
+}
 
-	/* An entry in the index; cannot be a directory with subentries */
-	strbuf_setlen(path, 0);
+/*
+ * Loads the exclude lists for the directory containing pathname, then
+ * scans all exclude lists to determine whether pathname is excluded.
+ * Returns the exclude_list element which matched, or NULL for
+ * undecided.
+ */
+struct exclude *last_exclude_matching(struct dir_struct *dir,
+					     const char *pathname,
+					     int *dtype_p)
+{
+	int pathlen = strlen(pathname);
+	const char *basename = strrchr(pathname, '/');
+	basename = (basename) ? basename+1 : pathname;
+
+	prep_exclude(dir, pathname, basename-pathname);
+
+	if (dir->exclude)
+		return dir->exclude;
+
+	return last_exclude_matching_from_lists(dir, pathname, pathlen,
+			basename, dtype_p);
+}
 
-	return excluded(check->dir, name, dtype);
+/*
+ * Loads the exclude lists for the directory containing pathname, then
+ * scans all exclude lists to determine whether pathname is excluded.
+ * Returns 1 if true, otherwise 0.
+ */
+int is_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int *dtype_p)
+{
+	struct exclude *exclude =
+		last_exclude_matching(dir, pathname, dtype_p);
+	if (exclude)
+		return exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static struct dir_entry *dir_entry_new(const char *pathname, int len)
@@ -776,8 +901,7 @@ static struct dir_entry *dir_entry_new(const char *pathname, int len)
 
 static struct dir_entry *dir_add_name(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len)
 {
-	if (!(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) &&
-	    cache_name_exists(pathname, len, ignore_case))
+	if (cache_name_exists(pathname, len, ignore_case))
 		return NULL;
 
 	ALLOC_GROW(dir->entries, dir->nr+1, dir->alloc);
@@ -879,9 +1003,8 @@ static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index(const char *dirname, int len)
  * traversal routine.
  *
  * Case 1: If we *already* have entries in the index under that
- * directory name, we recurse into the directory to see all the files,
- * unless the directory is excluded and we want to show ignored
- * directories
+ * directory name, we always recurse into the directory to see
+ * all the files.
  *
  * Case 2: If we *already* have that directory name as a gitlink,
  * we always continue to see it as a gitlink, regardless of whether
@@ -893,38 +1016,26 @@ static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index(const char *dirname, int len)
  *
  *  (a) if "show_other_directories" is true, we show it as
  *      just a directory, unless "hide_empty_directories" is
- *      also true and the directory is empty, in which case
- *      we just ignore it entirely.
- *      if we are looking for ignored directories, look if it
- *      contains only ignored files to decide if it must be shown as
- *      ignored or not.
+ *      also true, in which case we need to check if it contains any
+ *      untracked and / or ignored files.
  *  (b) if it looks like a git directory, and we don't have
  *      'no_gitlinks' set we treat it as a gitlink, and show it
  *      as a directory.
  *  (c) otherwise, we recurse into it.
  */
-enum directory_treatment {
-	show_directory,
-	ignore_directory,
-	recurse_into_directory
-};
-
-static enum directory_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
+static enum path_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
 	const char *dirname, int len, int exclude,
 	const struct path_simplify *simplify)
 {
 	/* The "len-1" is to strip the final '/' */
 	switch (directory_exists_in_index(dirname, len-1)) {
 	case index_directory:
-		if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES) && exclude)
-			break;
-
-		return recurse_into_directory;
+		return path_recurse;
 
 	case index_gitdir:
 		if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES)
-			return ignore_directory;
-		return show_directory;
+			return path_none;
+		return path_untracked;
 
 	case index_nonexistent:
 		if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES)
@@ -932,72 +1043,17 @@ static enum directory_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
 		if (!(dir->flags & DIR_NO_GITLINKS)) {
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
 			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(dirname, "HEAD", sha1) == 0)
-				return show_directory;
+				return path_untracked;
 		}
-		return recurse_into_directory;
+		return path_recurse;
 	}
 
 	/* This is the "show_other_directories" case */
 
-	/*
-	 * We are looking for ignored files and our directory is not ignored,
-	 * check if it contains only ignored files
-	 */
-	if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) && !exclude) {
-		int ignored;
-		dir->flags &= ~DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
-		dir->flags |= DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES;
-		ignored = read_directory_recursive(dir, dirname, len, 1, simplify);
-		dir->flags &= ~DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES;
-		dir->flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
-
-		return ignored ? ignore_directory : show_directory;
-	}
-	if (!(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) &&
-	    !(dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES))
-		return show_directory;
-	if (!read_directory_recursive(dir, dirname, len, 1, simplify))
-		return ignore_directory;
-	return show_directory;
-}
-
-/*
- * Decide what to do when we find a file while traversing the
- * filesystem. Mostly two cases:
- *
- *  1. We are looking for ignored files
- *   (a) File is ignored, include it
- *   (b) File is in ignored path, include it
- *   (c) File is not ignored, exclude it
- *
- *  2. Other scenarios, include the file if not excluded
- *
- * Return 1 for exclude, 0 for include.
- */
-static int treat_file(struct dir_struct *dir, struct strbuf *path, int exclude, int *dtype)
-{
-	struct path_exclude_check check;
-	int exclude_file = 0;
+	if (!(dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES))
+		return exclude ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
 
-	if (exclude)
-		exclude_file = !(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED);
-	else if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) {
-		/* Always exclude indexed files */
-		struct cache_entry *ce = index_name_exists(&the_index,
-		    path->buf, path->len, ignore_case);
-
-		if (ce)
-			return 1;
-
-		path_exclude_check_init(&check, dir);
-
-		if (!path_excluded(&check, path->buf, path->len, dtype))
-			exclude_file = 1;
-
-		path_exclude_check_clear(&check);
-	}
-
-	return exclude_file;
+	return read_directory_recursive(dir, dirname, len, 1, simplify);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1112,57 +1168,40 @@ static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path, int len)
 	return dtype;
 }
 
-enum path_treatment {
-	path_ignored,
-	path_handled,
-	path_recurse
-};
-
 static enum path_treatment treat_one_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
 					  struct strbuf *path,
 					  const struct path_simplify *simplify,
 					  int dtype, struct dirent *de)
 {
-	int exclude = excluded(dir, path->buf, &dtype);
-	if (exclude && (dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED)
-	    && exclude_matches_pathspec(path->buf, path->len, simplify))
-		dir_add_ignored(dir, path->buf, path->len);
+	int exclude;
+	if (dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
+		dtype = get_dtype(de, path->buf, path->len);
+
+	/* Always exclude indexed files */
+	if (dtype != DT_DIR &&
+	    cache_name_exists(path->buf, path->len, ignore_case))
+		return path_none;
+
+	exclude = is_excluded(dir, path->buf, &dtype);
 
 	/*
 	 * Excluded? If we don't explicitly want to show
 	 * ignored files, ignore it
 	 */
-	if (exclude && !(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
-		return path_ignored;
-
-	if (dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
-		dtype = get_dtype(de, path->buf, path->len);
+	if (exclude && !(dir->flags & (DIR_SHOW_IGNORED|DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO)))
+		return path_excluded;
 
 	switch (dtype) {
 	default:
-		return path_ignored;
+		return path_none;
 	case DT_DIR:
 		strbuf_addch(path, '/');
-
-		switch (treat_directory(dir, path->buf, path->len, exclude, simplify)) {
-		case show_directory:
-			break;
-		case recurse_into_directory:
-			return path_recurse;
-		case ignore_directory:
-			return path_ignored;
-		}
-		break;
+		return treat_directory(dir, path->buf, path->len, exclude,
+			simplify);
 	case DT_REG:
 	case DT_LNK:
-		switch (treat_file(dir, path, exclude, &dtype)) {
-		case 1:
-			return path_ignored;
-		default:
-			break;
-		}
+		return exclude ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
 	}
-	return path_handled;
 }
 
 static enum path_treatment treat_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
@@ -1174,11 +1213,11 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
 	int dtype;
 
 	if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name) || !strcmp(de->d_name, ".git"))
-		return path_ignored;
+		return path_none;
 	strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
 	strbuf_addstr(path, de->d_name);
 	if (simplify_away(path->buf, path->len, simplify))
-		return path_ignored;
+		return path_none;
 
 	dtype = DTYPE(de);
 	return treat_one_path(dir, path, simplify, dtype, de);
@@ -1192,14 +1231,16 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
  *
  * Also, we ignore the name ".git" (even if it is not a directory).
  * That likely will not change.
+ *
+ * Returns the most significant path_treatment value encountered in the scan.
  */
-static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
+static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
 				    const char *base, int baselen,
 				    int check_only,
 				    const struct path_simplify *simplify)
 {
 	DIR *fdir;
-	int contents = 0;
+	enum path_treatment state, subdir_state, dir_state = path_none;
 	struct dirent *de;
 	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 
@@ -1210,27 +1251,53 @@ static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
 		goto out;
 
 	while ((de = readdir(fdir)) != NULL) {
-		switch (treat_path(dir, de, &path, baselen, simplify)) {
-		case path_recurse:
-			contents += read_directory_recursive(dir, path.buf,
-							     path.len, 0,
-							     simplify);
-			continue;
-		case path_ignored:
+		/* check how the file or directory should be treated */
+		state = treat_path(dir, de, &path, baselen, simplify);
+		if (state > dir_state)
+			dir_state = state;
+
+		/* recurse into subdir if instructed by treat_path */
+		if (state == path_recurse) {
+			subdir_state = read_directory_recursive(dir, path.buf,
+				path.len, check_only, simplify);
+			if (subdir_state > dir_state)
+				dir_state = subdir_state;
+		}
+
+		if (check_only) {
+			/* abort early if maximum state has been reached */
+			if (dir_state == path_untracked)
+				break;
+			/* skip the dir_add_* part */
 			continue;
-		case path_handled:
-			break;
 		}
-		contents++;
-		if (check_only)
+
+		/* add the path to the appropriate result list */
+		switch (state) {
+		case path_excluded:
+			if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED)
+				dir_add_name(dir, path.buf, path.len);
+			else if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) ||
+				((dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED) &&
+				exclude_matches_pathspec(path.buf, path.len,
+					simplify)))
+				dir_add_ignored(dir, path.buf, path.len);
+			break;
+
+		case path_untracked:
+			if (!(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
+				dir_add_name(dir, path.buf, path.len);
 			break;
-		dir_add_name(dir, path.buf, path.len);
+
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
 	}
 	closedir(fdir);
  out:
 	strbuf_release(&path);
 
-	return contents;
+	return dir_state;
 }
 
 static int cmp_name(const void *p1, const void *p2)
@@ -1279,12 +1346,14 @@ static int treat_leading_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int baselen, rc = 0;
 	const char *cp;
+	int old_flags = dir->flags;
 
 	while (len && path[len - 1] == '/')
 		len--;
 	if (!len)
 		return 1;
 	baselen = 0;
+	dir->flags &= ~DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES;
 	while (1) {
 		cp = path + baselen + !!baselen;
 		cp = memchr(cp, '/', path + len - cp);
@@ -1299,7 +1368,7 @@ static int treat_leading_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
 		if (simplify_away(sb.buf, sb.len, simplify))
 			break;
 		if (treat_one_path(dir, &sb, simplify,
-				   DT_DIR, NULL) == path_ignored)
+				   DT_DIR, NULL) == path_none)
 			break; /* do not recurse into it */
 		if (len <= baselen) {
 			rc = 1;
@@ -1307,6 +1376,7 @@ static int treat_leading_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
 		}
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	dir->flags = old_flags;
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -1482,7 +1552,7 @@ int remove_path(const char *name)
 {
 	char *slash;
 
-	if (unlink(name) && errno != ENOENT)
+	if (unlink(name) && errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
 		return -1;
 
 	slash = strrchr(name, '/');
@@ -1528,9 +1598,18 @@ int init_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec, const char **paths)
 
 		item->match = path;
 		item->len = strlen(path);
-		item->use_wildcard = !no_wildcard(path);
-		if (item->use_wildcard)
-			pathspec->has_wildcard = 1;
+		item->flags = 0;
+		if (limit_pathspec_to_literal()) {
+			item->nowildcard_len = item->len;
+		} else {
+			item->nowildcard_len = simple_length(path);
+			if (item->nowildcard_len < item->len) {
+				pathspec->has_wildcard = 1;
+				if (path[item->nowildcard_len] == '*' &&
+				    no_wildcard(path + item->nowildcard_len + 1))
+					item->flags |= PATHSPEC_ONESTAR;
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	qsort(pathspec->items, pathspec->nr,
@@ -1544,3 +1623,41 @@ void free_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec)
 	free(pathspec->items);
 	pathspec->items = NULL;
 }
+
+int limit_pathspec_to_literal(void)
+{
+	static int flag = -1;
+	if (flag < 0)
+		flag = git_env_bool(GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, 0);
+	return flag;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Frees memory within dir which was allocated for exclude lists and
+ * the exclude_stack.  Does not free dir itself.
+ */
+void clear_directory(struct dir_struct *dir)
+{
+	int i, j;
+	struct exclude_list_group *group;
+	struct exclude_list *el;
+	struct exclude_stack *stk;
+
+	for (i = EXC_CMDL; i <= EXC_FILE; i++) {
+		group = &dir->exclude_list_group[i];
+		for (j = 0; j < group->nr; j++) {
+			el = &group->el[j];
+			if (i == EXC_DIRS)
+				free((char *)el->src);
+			clear_exclude_list(el);
+		}
+		free(group->el);
+	}
+
+	stk = dir->exclude_stack;
+	while (stk) {
+		struct exclude_stack *prev = stk->prev;
+		free(stk);
+		stk = prev;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/dir.h b/dir.h
index f5c89e3..3d6b80c 100644
--- a/dir.h
+++ b/dir.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef DIR_H
 #define DIR_H
 
+/* See Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt */
+
 #include "strbuf.h"
 
 struct dir_entry {
@@ -13,24 +15,60 @@ struct dir_entry {
 #define EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR 8
 #define EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE 16
 
+/*
+ * Each excludes file will be parsed into a fresh exclude_list which
+ * is appended to the relevant exclude_list_group (either EXC_DIRS or
+ * EXC_FILE).  An exclude_list within the EXC_CMDL exclude_list_group
+ * can also be used to represent the list of --exclude values passed
+ * via CLI args.
+ */
 struct exclude_list {
 	int nr;
 	int alloc;
+
+	/* remember pointer to exclude file contents so we can free() */
+	char *filebuf;
+
+	/* origin of list, e.g. path to filename, or descriptive string */
+	const char *src;
+
 	struct exclude {
+		/*
+		 * This allows callers of last_exclude_matching() etc.
+		 * to determine the origin of the matching pattern.
+		 */
+		struct exclude_list *el;
+
 		const char *pattern;
 		int patternlen;
 		int nowildcardlen;
 		const char *base;
 		int baselen;
 		int flags;
+
+		/*
+		 * Counting starts from 1 for line numbers in ignore files,
+		 * and from -1 decrementing for patterns from CLI args.
+		 */
+		int srcpos;
 	} **excludes;
 };
 
+/*
+ * The contents of the per-directory exclude files are lazily read on
+ * demand and then cached in memory, one per exclude_stack struct, in
+ * order to avoid opening and parsing each one every time that
+ * directory is traversed.
+ */
 struct exclude_stack {
-	struct exclude_stack *prev;
-	char *filebuf;
+	struct exclude_stack *prev; /* the struct exclude_stack for the parent directory */
 	int baselen;
-	int exclude_ix;
+	int exclude_ix; /* index of exclude_list within EXC_DIRS exclude_list_group */
+};
+
+struct exclude_list_group {
+	int nr, alloc;
+	struct exclude_list *el;
 };
 
 struct dir_struct {
@@ -41,28 +79,52 @@ struct dir_struct {
 		DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES = 1<<1,
 		DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES = 1<<2,
 		DIR_NO_GITLINKS = 1<<3,
-		DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED = 1<<4
+		DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED = 1<<4,
+		DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO = 1<<5
 	} flags;
 	struct dir_entry **entries;
 	struct dir_entry **ignored;
 
 	/* Exclude info */
 	const char *exclude_per_dir;
-	struct exclude_list exclude_list[3];
+
 	/*
-	 * We maintain three exclude pattern lists:
+	 * We maintain three groups of exclude pattern lists:
+	 *
 	 * EXC_CMDL lists patterns explicitly given on the command line.
 	 * EXC_DIRS lists patterns obtained from per-directory ignore files.
-	 * EXC_FILE lists patterns from fallback ignore files.
+	 * EXC_FILE lists patterns from fallback ignore files, e.g.
+	 *   - .git/info/exclude
+	 *   - core.excludesfile
+	 *
+	 * Each group contains multiple exclude lists, a single list
+	 * per source.
 	 */
 #define EXC_CMDL 0
 #define EXC_DIRS 1
 #define EXC_FILE 2
+	struct exclude_list_group exclude_list_group[3];
 
+	/*
+	 * Temporary variables which are used during loading of the
+	 * per-directory exclude lists.
+	 *
+	 * exclude_stack points to the top of the exclude_stack, and
+	 * basebuf contains the full path to the current
+	 * (sub)directory in the traversal. Exclude points to the
+	 * matching exclude struct if the directory is excluded.
+	 */
 	struct exclude_stack *exclude_stack;
+	struct exclude *exclude;
 	char basebuf[PATH_MAX];
 };
 
+/*
+ * The ordering of these constants is significant, with
+ * higher-numbered match types signifying "closer" (i.e. more
+ * specific) matches which will override lower-numbered match types
+ * when populating the seen[] array.
+ */
 #define MATCHED_RECURSIVELY 1
 #define MATCHED_FNMATCH 2
 #define MATCHED_EXACTLY 3
@@ -76,8 +138,8 @@ extern int within_depth(const char *name, int namelen, int depth, int max_depth)
 extern int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec);
 extern int read_directory(struct dir_struct *, const char *path, int len, const char **pathspec);
 
-extern int excluded_from_list(const char *pathname, int pathlen, const char *basename,
-			      int *dtype, struct exclude_list *el);
+extern int is_excluded_from_list(const char *pathname, int pathlen, const char *basename,
+				 int *dtype, struct exclude_list *el);
 struct dir_entry *dir_add_ignored(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len);
 
 /*
@@ -90,27 +152,21 @@ extern int match_pathname(const char *, int,
 			  const char *, int,
 			  const char *, int, int, int);
 
-/*
- * The excluded() API is meant for callers that check each level of leading
- * directory hierarchies with excluded() to avoid recursing into excluded
- * directories.  Callers that do not do so should use this API instead.
- */
-struct path_exclude_check {
-	struct dir_struct *dir;
-	struct strbuf path;
-};
-extern void path_exclude_check_init(struct path_exclude_check *, struct dir_struct *);
-extern void path_exclude_check_clear(struct path_exclude_check *);
-extern int path_excluded(struct path_exclude_check *, const char *, int namelen, int *dtype);
+extern struct exclude *last_exclude_matching(struct dir_struct *dir,
+					     const char *name, int *dtype);
 
+extern int is_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *name, int *dtype);
 
+extern struct exclude_list *add_exclude_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
+					     int group_type, const char *src);
 extern int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname, const char *base, int baselen,
-					  char **buf_p, struct exclude_list *which, int check_index);
+					  struct exclude_list *el, int check_index);
 extern void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *, const char *fname);
 extern void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **string, int *patternlen, int *flags, int *nowildcardlen);
 extern void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
-			int baselen, struct exclude_list *which);
-extern void free_excludes(struct exclude_list *el);
+			int baselen, struct exclude_list *el, int srcpos);
+extern void clear_exclude_list(struct exclude_list *el);
+extern void clear_directory(struct dir_struct *dir);
 extern int file_exists(const char *);
 
 extern int is_inside_dir(const char *dir);
@@ -139,4 +195,13 @@ extern int strcmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b);
 extern int strncmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b, size_t count);
 extern int fnmatch_icase(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);
 
+/*
+ * The prefix part of pattern must not contains wildcards.
+ */
+#define GFNM_PATHNAME 1		/* similar to FNM_PATHNAME */
+#define GFNM_ONESTAR  2		/* there is only _one_ wildcard, a star */
+
+extern int git_fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string,
+		       int flags, int prefix);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/entry.c b/entry.c
index 63c52ed..d7c131d 100644
--- a/entry.c
+++ b/entry.c
@@ -120,16 +120,18 @@ static int streaming_write_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, char *path,
 				 const struct checkout *state, int to_tempfile,
 				 int *fstat_done, struct stat *statbuf)
 {
-	int result = -1;
+	int result = 0;
 	int fd;
 
 	fd = open_output_fd(path, ce, to_tempfile);
-	if (0 <= fd) {
-		result = stream_blob_to_fd(fd, ce->sha1, filter, 1);
-		*fstat_done = fstat_output(fd, state, statbuf);
-		result = close(fd);
-	}
-	if (result && 0 <= fd)
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	result |= stream_blob_to_fd(fd, ce->sha1, filter, 1);
+	*fstat_done = fstat_output(fd, state, statbuf);
+	result |= close(fd);
+
+	if (result)
 		unlink(path);
 	return result;
 }
diff --git a/environment.c b/environment.c
index 85edd7f..e2e75c1 100644
--- a/environment.c
+++ b/environment.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 
 int trust_executable_bit = 1;
 int trust_ctime = 1;
+int check_stat = 1;
 int has_symlinks = 1;
 int minimum_abbrev = 4, default_abbrev = 7;
 int ignore_case;
@@ -62,6 +63,12 @@ int precomposed_unicode = -1; /* see probe_utf8_pathname_composition() */
 struct startup_info *startup_info;
 unsigned long pack_size_limit_cfg;
 
+/*
+ * The character that begins a commented line in user-editable file
+ * that is subject to stripspace.
+ */
+char comment_line_char = '#';
+
 /* Parallel index stat data preload? */
 int core_preload_index = 0;
 
@@ -76,20 +83,20 @@ static const char *git_dir;
 static char *git_object_dir, *git_index_file, *git_graft_file;
 
 /*
- * Repository-local GIT_* environment variables
- * Remember to update local_repo_env_size in cache.h when
- * the size of the list changes
+ * Repository-local GIT_* environment variables; see cache.h for details.
  */
-const char * const local_repo_env[LOCAL_REPO_ENV_SIZE + 1] = {
+const char * const local_repo_env[] = {
 	ALTERNATE_DB_ENVIRONMENT,
 	CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT,
 	CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT,
 	DB_ENVIRONMENT,
 	GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT,
 	GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
+	GIT_IMPLICIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
 	GRAFT_ENVIRONMENT,
 	INDEX_ENVIRONMENT,
 	NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS_ENVIRONMENT,
+	GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT,
 	NULL
 };
 
diff --git a/fast-import.c b/fast-import.c
index c2a814e..5f539d7 100644
--- a/fast-import.c
+++ b/fast-import.c
@@ -2265,7 +2265,7 @@ static void file_change_m(struct branch *b)
 	const char *p = command_buf.buf + 2;
 	static struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *endp;
-	struct object_entry *oe = oe;
+	struct object_entry *oe;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	uint16_t mode, inline_data = 0;
 
@@ -2292,6 +2292,7 @@ static void file_change_m(struct branch *b)
 		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
 	} else if (!prefixcmp(p, "inline ")) {
 		inline_data = 1;
+		oe = NULL; /* not used with inline_data, but makes gcc happy */
 		p += strlen("inline");  /* advance to space */
 	} else {
 		if (get_sha1_hex(p, sha1))
@@ -2434,7 +2435,7 @@ static void note_change_n(struct branch *b, unsigned char *old_fanout)
 {
 	const char *p = command_buf.buf + 2;
 	static struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct object_entry *oe = oe;
+	struct object_entry *oe;
 	struct branch *s;
 	unsigned char sha1[20], commit_sha1[20];
 	char path[60];
@@ -2464,6 +2465,7 @@ static void note_change_n(struct branch *b, unsigned char *old_fanout)
 		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
 	} else if (!prefixcmp(p, "inline ")) {
 		inline_data = 1;
+		oe = NULL; /* not used with inline_data, but makes gcc happy */
 		p += strlen("inline");  /* advance to space */
 	} else {
 		if (get_sha1_hex(p, sha1))
@@ -2613,7 +2615,7 @@ static int parse_from(struct branch *b)
 
 static struct hash_list *parse_merge(unsigned int *count)
 {
-	struct hash_list *list = NULL, *n, *e = e;
+	struct hash_list *list = NULL, **tail = &list, *n;
 	const char *from;
 	struct branch *s;
 
@@ -2641,11 +2643,9 @@ static struct hash_list *parse_merge(unsigned int *count)
 			die("Invalid ref name or SHA1 expression: %s", from);
 
 		n->next = NULL;
-		if (list)
-			e->next = n;
-		else
-			list = n;
-		e = n;
+		*tail = n;
+		tail = &n->next;
+
 		(*count)++;
 		read_next_command();
 	}
diff --git a/fetch-pack.c b/fetch-pack.c
index 099ff4d..f156dd4 100644
--- a/fetch-pack.c
+++ b/fetch-pack.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ static int marked;
 #define MAX_IN_VAIN 256
 
 static struct commit_list *rev_list;
-static int non_common_revs, multi_ack, use_sideband;
+static int non_common_revs, multi_ack, use_sideband, allow_tip_sha1_in_want;
 
 static void rev_list_push(struct commit *commit, int mark)
 {
@@ -172,8 +172,8 @@ static void consume_shallow_list(struct fetch_pack_args *args, int fd)
 		 * shallow and unshallow commands every time there
 		 * is a block of have lines exchanged.
 		 */
-		char line[1000];
-		while (packet_read_line(fd, line, sizeof(line))) {
+		char *line;
+		while ((line = packet_read_line(fd, NULL))) {
 			if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow "))
 				continue;
 			if (!prefixcmp(line, "unshallow "))
@@ -215,17 +215,17 @@ static int write_shallow_commits(struct strbuf *out, int use_pack_protocol)
 
 static enum ack_type get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1)
 {
-	static char line[1000];
-	int len = packet_read_line(fd, line, sizeof(line));
+	int len;
+	char *line = packet_read_line(fd, &len);
 
 	if (!len)
 		die("git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
-	if (line[len-1] == '\n')
-		line[--len] = 0;
 	if (!strcmp(line, "NAK"))
 		return NAK;
 	if (!prefixcmp(line, "ACK ")) {
 		if (!get_sha1_hex(line+4, result_sha1)) {
+			if (len < 45)
+				return ACK;
 			if (strstr(line+45, "continue"))
 				return ACK_continue;
 			if (strstr(line+45, "common"))
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ static void send_request(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		send_sideband(fd, -1, buf->buf, buf->len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
 		packet_flush(fd);
 	} else
-		safe_write(fd, buf->buf, buf->len);
+		write_or_die(fd, buf->buf, buf->len);
 }
 
 static void insert_one_alternate_ref(const struct ref *ref, void *unused)
@@ -346,11 +346,11 @@ static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 	state_len = req_buf.len;
 
 	if (args->depth > 0) {
-		char line[1024];
+		char *line;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 		send_request(args, fd[1], &req_buf);
-		while (packet_read_line(fd[0], line, sizeof(line))) {
+		while ((line = packet_read_line(fd[0], NULL))) {
 			if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow ")) {
 				if (get_sha1_hex(line + 8, sha1))
 					die("invalid shallow line: %s", line);
@@ -520,47 +520,37 @@ static void mark_recent_complete_commits(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 	}
 }
 
-static int non_matching_ref(struct string_list_item *item, void *unused)
-{
-	if (item->util) {
-		item->util = NULL;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	else
-		return 1;
-}
-
 static void filter_refs(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
-			struct ref **refs, struct string_list *sought)
+			struct ref **refs,
+			struct ref **sought, int nr_sought)
 {
 	struct ref *newlist = NULL;
 	struct ref **newtail = &newlist;
 	struct ref *ref, *next;
-	int sought_pos;
+	int i;
 
-	sought_pos = 0;
+	i = 0;
 	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = next) {
 		int keep = 0;
 		next = ref->next;
+
 		if (!memcmp(ref->name, "refs/", 5) &&
 		    check_refname_format(ref->name + 5, 0))
 			; /* trash */
 		else {
-			while (sought_pos < sought->nr) {
-				int cmp = strcmp(ref->name, sought->items[sought_pos].string);
+			while (i < nr_sought) {
+				int cmp = strcmp(ref->name, sought[i]->name);
 				if (cmp < 0)
 					break; /* definitely do not have it */
 				else if (cmp == 0) {
 					keep = 1; /* definitely have it */
-					sought->items[sought_pos++].util = "matched";
-					break;
+					sought[i]->matched = 1;
 				}
-				else
-					sought_pos++; /* might have it; keep looking */
+				i++;
 			}
 		}
 
-		if (! keep && args->fetch_all &&
+		if (!keep && args->fetch_all &&
 		    (!args->depth || prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/")))
 			keep = 1;
 
@@ -573,7 +563,21 @@ static void filter_refs(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		}
 	}
 
-	filter_string_list(sought, 0, non_matching_ref, NULL);
+	/* Append unmatched requests to the list */
+	if (allow_tip_sha1_in_want) {
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_sought; i++) {
+			ref = sought[i];
+			if (ref->matched)
+				continue;
+			if (get_sha1_hex(ref->name, ref->old_sha1))
+				continue;
+
+			ref->matched = 1;
+			*newtail = ref;
+			ref->next = NULL;
+			newtail = &ref->next;
+		}
+	}
 	*refs = newlist;
 }
 
@@ -583,7 +587,8 @@ static void mark_alternate_complete(const struct ref *ref, void *unused)
 }
 
 static int everything_local(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
-			    struct ref **refs, struct string_list *sought)
+			    struct ref **refs,
+			    struct ref **sought, int nr_sought)
 {
 	struct ref *ref;
 	int retval;
@@ -594,6 +599,9 @@ static int everything_local(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		struct object *o;
 
+		if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1))
+			continue;
+
 		o = parse_object(ref->old_sha1);
 		if (!o)
 			continue;
@@ -634,7 +642,7 @@ static int everything_local(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		}
 	}
 
-	filter_refs(args, refs, sought);
+	filter_refs(args, refs, sought, nr_sought);
 
 	for (retval = 1, ref = *refs; ref ; ref = ref->next) {
 		const unsigned char *remote = ref->old_sha1;
@@ -764,10 +772,17 @@ static int get_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int cmp_ref_by_name(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	const struct ref *a = *((const struct ref **)a_);
+	const struct ref *b = *((const struct ref **)b_);
+	return strcmp(a->name, b->name);
+}
+
 static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 				 int fd[2],
 				 const struct ref *orig_ref,
-				 struct string_list *sought,
+				 struct ref **sought, int nr_sought,
 				 char **pack_lockfile)
 {
 	struct ref *ref = copy_ref_list(orig_ref);
@@ -776,6 +791,7 @@ static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 	int agent_len;
 
 	sort_ref_list(&ref, ref_compare_name);
+	qsort(sought, nr_sought, sizeof(*sought), cmp_ref_by_name);
 
 	if (is_repository_shallow() && !server_supports("shallow"))
 		die("Server does not support shallow clients");
@@ -805,6 +821,11 @@ static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports side-band\n");
 		use_sideband = 1;
 	}
+	if (server_supports("allow-tip-sha1-in-want")) {
+		if (args->verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports allow-tip-sha1-in-want\n");
+		allow_tip_sha1_in_want = 1;
+	}
 	if (!server_supports("thin-pack"))
 		args->use_thin_pack = 0;
 	if (!server_supports("no-progress"))
@@ -824,7 +845,7 @@ static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 				agent_len, agent_feature);
 	}
 
-	if (everything_local(args, &ref, sought)) {
+	if (everything_local(args, &ref, sought, nr_sought)) {
 		packet_flush(fd[1]);
 		goto all_done;
 	}
@@ -874,8 +895,6 @@ static int fetch_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-static struct lock_file lock;
-
 static void fetch_pack_setup(void)
 {
 	static int did_setup;
@@ -889,11 +908,32 @@ static void fetch_pack_setup(void)
 	did_setup = 1;
 }
 
+static int remove_duplicates_in_refs(struct ref **ref, int nr)
+{
+	struct string_list names = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	int src, dst;
+
+	for (src = dst = 0; src < nr; src++) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		item = string_list_insert(&names, ref[src]->name);
+		if (item->util)
+			continue; /* already have it */
+		item->util = ref[src];
+		if (src != dst)
+			ref[dst] = ref[src];
+		dst++;
+	}
+	for (src = dst; src < nr; src++)
+		ref[src] = NULL;
+	string_list_clear(&names, 0);
+	return dst;
+}
+
 struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		       int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
 		       const struct ref *ref,
 		       const char *dest,
-		       struct string_list *sought,
+		       struct ref **sought, int nr_sought,
 		       char **pack_lockfile)
 {
 	struct stat st;
@@ -905,18 +945,17 @@ struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 			st.st_mtime = 0;
 	}
 
-	if (sought->nr) {
-		sort_string_list(sought);
-		string_list_remove_duplicates(sought, 0);
-	}
+	if (nr_sought)
+		nr_sought = remove_duplicates_in_refs(sought, nr_sought);
 
 	if (!ref) {
 		packet_flush(fd[1]);
 		die("no matching remote head");
 	}
-	ref_cpy = do_fetch_pack(args, fd, ref, sought, pack_lockfile);
+	ref_cpy = do_fetch_pack(args, fd, ref, sought, nr_sought, pack_lockfile);
 
 	if (args->depth > 0) {
+		static struct lock_file lock;
 		struct cache_time mtime;
 		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 		char *shallow = git_path("shallow");
diff --git a/fetch-pack.h b/fetch-pack.h
index cb14871..dc5266c 100644
--- a/fetch-pack.h
+++ b/fetch-pack.h
@@ -20,17 +20,16 @@ struct fetch_pack_args {
 };
 
 /*
- * sought contains the full names of remote references that should be
- * updated from.  On return, the names that were found on the remote
- * will have been removed from the list.  The util members of the
- * string_list_items are used internally; they must be NULL on entry
- * (and will be NULL on exit).
+ * sought represents remote references that should be updated from.
+ * On return, the names that were found on the remote will have been
+ * marked as such.
  */
 struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
 		       int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
 		       const struct ref *ref,
 		       const char *dest,
-		       struct string_list *sought,
+		       struct ref **sought,
+		       int nr_sought,
 		       char **pack_lockfile);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/fsck.c b/fsck.c
index 7395ef6..99c0497 100644
--- a/fsck.c
+++ b/fsck.c
@@ -142,6 +142,9 @@ static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
 	int has_null_sha1 = 0;
 	int has_full_path = 0;
 	int has_empty_name = 0;
+	int has_dot = 0;
+	int has_dotdot = 0;
+	int has_dotgit = 0;
 	int has_zero_pad = 0;
 	int has_bad_modes = 0;
 	int has_dup_entries = 0;
@@ -168,6 +171,12 @@ static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
 			has_full_path = 1;
 		if (!*name)
 			has_empty_name = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(name, "."))
+			has_dot = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(name, ".."))
+			has_dotdot = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(name, ".git"))
+			has_dotgit = 1;
 		has_zero_pad |= *(char *)desc.buffer == '0';
 		update_tree_entry(&desc);
 
@@ -217,6 +226,12 @@ static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
 		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains full pathnames");
 	if (has_empty_name)
 		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains empty pathname");
+	if (has_dot)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains '.'");
+	if (has_dotdot)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains '..'");
+	if (has_dotgit)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains '.git'");
 	if (has_zero_pad)
 		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains zero-padded file modes");
 	if (has_bad_modes)
diff --git a/git-add--interactive.perl b/git-add--interactive.perl
index 710764a..d2c4ce6 100755
--- a/git-add--interactive.perl
+++ b/git-add--interactive.perl
@@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@ sub summarize_hunk {
 
 
 # Print a one-line summary of each hunk in the array ref in
-# the first argument, starting wih the index in the 2nd.
+# the first argument, starting with the index in the 2nd.
 sub display_hunks {
 	my ($hunks, $i) = @_;
 	my $ctr = 0;
diff --git a/git-am.sh b/git-am.sh
index 202130f..c092855 100755
--- a/git-am.sh
+++ b/git-am.sh
@@ -778,13 +778,6 @@ To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"\$cmdline --abort\"."
 	    action=yes
 	fi
 
-	if test -f "$dotest/final-commit"
-	then
-		FIRSTLINE=$(sed 1q "$dotest/final-commit")
-	else
-		FIRSTLINE=""
-	fi
-
 	if test $action = skip
 	then
 		go_next
@@ -797,6 +790,13 @@ To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"\$cmdline --abort\"."
 		stop_here $this
 	fi
 
+	if test -f "$dotest/final-commit"
+	then
+		FIRSTLINE=$(sed 1q "$dotest/final-commit")
+	else
+		FIRSTLINE=""
+	fi
+
 	say "$(eval_gettext "Applying: \$FIRSTLINE")"
 
 	case "$resolved" in
diff --git a/git-archimport.perl b/git-archimport.perl
index bc32f18..9cb123a 100755
--- a/git-archimport.perl
+++ b/git-archimport.perl
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ our($opt_h,$opt_f,$opt_v,$opt_T,$opt_t,$opt_D,$opt_a,$opt_o);
 
 sub usage() {
     print STDERR <<END;
-Usage: git archimport     # fetch/update GIT from Arch
+usage: git archimport     # fetch/update GIT from Arch
        [ -h ] [ -v ] [ -o ] [ -a ] [ -f ] [ -T ] [ -D depth ] [ -t tempdir ]
        repository/arch-branch [ repository/arch-branch] ...
 END
diff --git a/git-bisect.sh b/git-bisect.sh
index 99efbe8..d7518e9 100755
--- a/git-bisect.sh
+++ b/git-bisect.sh
@@ -311,7 +311,23 @@ bisect_next() {
 	res=$?
 
 	# Check if we should exit because bisection is finished
-	test $res -eq 10 && exit 0
+	if test $res -eq 10
+	then
+		bad_rev=$(git show-ref --hash --verify refs/bisect/bad)
+		bad_commit=$(git show-branch $bad_rev)
+		echo "# first bad commit: $bad_commit" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+		exit 0
+	elif test $res -eq 2
+	then
+		echo "# only skipped commits left to test" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+		good_revs=$(git for-each-ref --format="--not %(objectname)" "refs/bisect/good-*")
+		for skipped in $(git rev-list refs/bisect/bad $good_revs)
+		do
+			skipped_commit=$(git show-branch $skipped)
+			echo "# possible first bad commit: $skipped_commit" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG"
+		done
+		exit $res
+	fi
 
 	# Check for an error in the bisection process
 	test $res -ne 0 && exit $res
diff --git a/git-compat-util.h b/git-compat-util.h
index 9c01e9b..e955bb5 100644
--- a/git-compat-util.h
+++ b/git-compat-util.h
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 # endif
 #elif !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(__FreeBSD__) && !defined(__USLC__) && \
       !defined(_M_UNIX) && !defined(__sgi) && !defined(__DragonFly__) && \
-      !defined(__TANDEM)
+      !defined(__TANDEM) && !defined(__QNX__)
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600 /* glibc2 and AIX 5.3L need 500, OpenBSD needs 600 for S_ISLNK() */
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED 1 /* AIX 5.3L needs this */
 #endif
@@ -86,6 +86,9 @@
 #define _SGI_SOURCE 1
 
 #ifdef WIN32 /* Both MinGW and MSVC */
+# if defined (_MSC_VER)
+#  define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0502
+# endif
 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN  /* stops windows.h including winsock.h */
 #include <winsock2.h>
 #include <windows.h>
@@ -99,18 +102,22 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#ifdef __TANDEM /* or HAVE_STRINGS_H or !NO_STRINGS_H? */
+#ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
 #include <strings.h> /* for strcasecmp() */
 #endif
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <limits.h>
+#ifdef NEEDS_SYS_PARAM_H
 #include <sys/param.h>
+#endif
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <signal.h>
+#ifndef USE_WILDMATCH
 #include <fnmatch.h>
+#endif
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <regex.h>
 #include <utime.h>
@@ -156,6 +163,7 @@
 typedef long intptr_t;
 typedef unsigned long uintptr_t;
 #endif
+int get_st_mode_bits(const char *path, int *mode);
 #if defined(__CYGWIN__)
 #undef _XOPEN_SOURCE
 #include <grp.h>
@@ -289,6 +297,17 @@ extern char *gitbasename(char *);
 
 #include "compat/bswap.h"
 
+#ifdef USE_WILDMATCH
+#include "wildmatch.h"
+#define FNM_PATHNAME WM_PATHNAME
+#define FNM_CASEFOLD WM_CASEFOLD
+#define FNM_NOMATCH  WM_NOMATCH
+static inline int fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags)
+{
+	return wildmatch(pattern, string, flags, NULL);
+}
+#endif
+
 /* General helper functions */
 extern void vreportf(const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params);
 extern void vwritef(int fd, const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params);
@@ -299,8 +318,20 @@ extern NORETURN void die_errno(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (prin
 extern int error(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern void warning(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 
+/*
+ * Let callers be aware of the constant return value; this can help
+ * gcc with -Wuninitialized analysis. We restrict this trick to gcc, though,
+ * because some compilers may not support variadic macros. Since we're only
+ * trying to help gcc, anyway, it's OK; other compilers will fall back to
+ * using the function as usual.
+ */
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ! defined(__clang__)
+#define error(...) (error(__VA_ARGS__), -1)
+#endif
+
 extern void set_die_routine(NORETURN_PTR void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params));
 extern void set_error_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params));
+extern void set_die_is_recursing_routine(int (*routine)(void));
 
 extern int prefixcmp(const char *str, const char *prefix);
 extern int suffixcmp(const char *str, const char *suffix);
@@ -406,11 +437,6 @@ extern uintmax_t gitstrtoumax(const char *, char **, int);
 extern intmax_t gitstrtoimax(const char *, char **, int);
 #endif
 
-#ifdef NO_STRTOK_R
-#define strtok_r gitstrtok_r
-extern char *gitstrtok_r(char *s, const char *delim, char **save_ptr);
-#endif
-
 #ifdef NO_HSTRERROR
 #define hstrerror githstrerror
 extern const char *githstrerror(int herror);
@@ -422,6 +448,10 @@ void *gitmemmem(const void *haystack, size_t haystacklen,
                 const void *needle, size_t needlelen);
 #endif
 
+#ifdef NO_GETPAGESIZE
+#define getpagesize() sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE)
+#endif
+
 #ifdef FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES
 #ifdef fopen
 #undef fopen
@@ -522,13 +552,19 @@ extern const char tolower_trans_tbl[256];
 #undef isupper
 #undef tolower
 #undef toupper
-extern unsigned char sane_ctype[256];
+#undef iscntrl
+#undef ispunct
+#undef isxdigit
+
+extern const unsigned char sane_ctype[256];
 #define GIT_SPACE 0x01
 #define GIT_DIGIT 0x02
 #define GIT_ALPHA 0x04
 #define GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL 0x08
 #define GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL 0x10
 #define GIT_PATHSPEC_MAGIC 0x20
+#define GIT_CNTRL 0x40
+#define GIT_PUNCT 0x80
 #define sane_istest(x,mask) ((sane_ctype[(unsigned char)(x)] & (mask)) != 0)
 #define isascii(x) (((x) & ~0x7f) == 0)
 #define isspace(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_SPACE)
@@ -540,6 +576,10 @@ extern unsigned char sane_ctype[256];
 #define isupper(x) sane_iscase(x, 0)
 #define is_glob_special(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL)
 #define is_regex_special(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL | GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL)
+#define iscntrl(x) (sane_istest(x,GIT_CNTRL))
+#define ispunct(x) sane_istest(x, GIT_PUNCT | GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL | \
+		GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL | GIT_PATHSPEC_MAGIC)
+#define isxdigit(x) (hexval_table[x] != -1)
 #define tolower(x) sane_case((unsigned char)(x), 0x20)
 #define toupper(x) sane_case((unsigned char)(x), 0)
 #define is_pathspec_magic(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_PATHSPEC_MAGIC)
diff --git a/git-cvsexportcommit.perl b/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
index e6bf252..d13f02d 100755
--- a/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
+++ b/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ sleep(1);
 
 sub usage {
 	print STDERR <<END;
-Usage: GIT_DIR=/path/to/.git git cvsexportcommit [-h] [-p] [-v] [-c] [-f] [-u] [-k] [-w cvsworkdir] [-m msgprefix] [ parent ] commit
+usage: GIT_DIR=/path/to/.git git cvsexportcommit [-h] [-p] [-v] [-c] [-f] [-u] [-k] [-w cvsworkdir] [-m msgprefix] [ parent ] commit
 END
 	exit(1);
 }
diff --git a/git-cvsimport.perl b/git-cvsimport.perl
index 344f120..73d367c 100755
--- a/git-cvsimport.perl
+++ b/git-cvsimport.perl
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ sub usage(;$) {
 	my $msg = shift;
 	print(STDERR "Error: $msg\n") if $msg;
 	print STDERR <<END;
-Usage: git cvsimport     # fetch/update GIT from CVS
+usage: git cvsimport     # fetch/update GIT from CVS
        [-o branch-for-HEAD] [-h] [-v] [-d CVSROOT] [-A author-conv-file]
        [-p opts-for-cvsps] [-P file] [-C GIT_repository] [-z fuzz] [-i] [-k]
        [-u] [-s subst] [-a] [-m] [-M regex] [-S regex] [-L commitlimit]
diff --git a/git-cvsserver.perl b/git-cvsserver.perl
index c5ebfa0..a0d796e 100755
--- a/git-cvsserver.perl
+++ b/git-cvsserver.perl
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ my $methods = {
     'Valid-responses' => \&req_Validresponses,
     'valid-requests'  => \&req_validrequests,
     'Directory'       => \&req_Directory,
+    'Sticky'          => \&req_Sticky,
     'Entry'           => \&req_Entry,
     'Modified'        => \&req_Modified,
     'Unchanged'       => \&req_Unchanged,
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ my $work =
 $log->info("--------------- STARTING -----------------");
 
 my $usage =
-    "Usage: git cvsserver [options] [pserver|server] [<directory> ...]\n".
+    "usage: git cvsserver [options] [pserver|server] [<directory> ...]\n".
     "    --base-path <path>  : Prepend to requested CVSROOT\n".
     "                          Can be read from GIT_CVSSERVER_BASE_PATH\n".
     "    --strict-paths      : Don't allow recursing into subdirectories\n".
@@ -470,11 +471,19 @@ sub req_Directory
     {
         $log->info("Setting prepend to '$state->{path}'");
         $state->{prependdir} = $state->{path};
+        my %entries;
         foreach my $entry ( keys %{$state->{entries}} )
         {
-            $state->{entries}{$state->{prependdir} . $entry} = $state->{entries}{$entry};
-            delete $state->{entries}{$entry};
+            $entries{$state->{prependdir} . $entry} = $state->{entries}{$entry};
         }
+        $state->{entries}=\%entries;
+
+        my %dirMap;
+        foreach my $dir ( keys %{$state->{dirMap}} )
+        {
+            $dirMap{$state->{prependdir} . $dir} = $state->{dirMap}{$dir};
+        }
+        $state->{dirMap}=\%dirMap;
     }
 
     if ( defined ( $state->{prependdir} ) )
@@ -482,9 +491,60 @@ sub req_Directory
         $log->debug("Prepending '$state->{prependdir}' to state|directory");
         $state->{directory} = $state->{prependdir} . $state->{directory}
     }
+
+    if ( ! defined($state->{dirMap}{$state->{directory}}) )
+    {
+        $state->{dirMap}{$state->{directory}} =
+            {
+                'names' => {}
+                #'tagspec' => undef
+            };
+    }
+
     $log->debug("req_Directory : localdir=$data repository=$repository path=$state->{path} directory=$state->{directory} module=$state->{module}");
 }
 
+# Sticky tagspec \n
+#     Response expected: no. Tell the server that the directory most
+#     recently specified with Directory has a sticky tag or date
+#     tagspec. The first character of tagspec is T for a tag, D for
+#     a date, or some other character supplied by a Set-sticky
+#     response from a previous request to the server. The remainder
+#     of tagspec contains the actual tag or date, again as supplied
+#     by Set-sticky.
+#          The server should remember Static-directory and Sticky requests
+#     for a particular directory; the client need not resend them each
+#     time it sends a Directory request for a given directory. However,
+#     the server is not obliged to remember them beyond the context
+#     of a single command.
+sub req_Sticky
+{
+    my ( $cmd, $tagspec ) = @_;
+
+    my ( $stickyInfo );
+    if($tagspec eq "")
+    {
+        # nothing
+    }
+    elsif($tagspec=~/^T([^ ]+)\s*$/)
+    {
+        $stickyInfo = { 'tag' => $1 };
+    }
+    elsif($tagspec=~/^D([0-9.]+)\s*$/)
+    {
+        $stickyInfo= { 'date' => $1 };
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        die "Unknown tag_or_date format\n";
+    }
+    $state->{dirMap}{$state->{directory}}{stickyInfo}=$stickyInfo;
+
+    $log->debug("req_Sticky : tagspec=$tagspec repository=$state->{repository}"
+                . " path=$state->{path} directory=$state->{directory}"
+                . " module=$state->{module}");
+}
+
 # Entry entry-line \n
 #     Response expected: no. Tell the server what version of a file is on the
 #     local machine. The name in entry-line is a name relative to the directory
@@ -511,6 +571,8 @@ sub req_Entry
         tag_or_date => $data[5],
     };
 
+    $state->{dirMap}{$state->{directory}}{names}{$data[1]} = 'F';
+
     $log->info("Received entry line '$data' => '" . $state->{directory} . $data[1] . "'");
 }
 
@@ -549,7 +611,10 @@ sub req_add
     {
         $filename = filecleanup($filename);
 
-        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
+        # no -r, -A, or -D with add
+        my $stickyInfo = resolveStickyInfo($filename);
+
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename,$stickyInfo);
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
 
         if ($wrev && $meta && ($wrev=~/^-/))
@@ -572,8 +637,10 @@ sub req_add
 
                 # this is an "entries" line
                 my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
-                $log->debug("/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/");
-                print "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+                my $entryLine = "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/";
+                $entryLine .= getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo);
+                $log->debug($entryLine);
+                print "$entryLine\n";
                 # permissions
                 $log->debug("SEND : u=$meta->{mode},g=$meta->{mode},o=$meta->{mode}");
                 print "u=$meta->{mode},g=$meta->{mode},o=$meta->{mode}\n";
@@ -604,7 +671,8 @@ sub req_add
         print "$filename\n";
         my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"file",
                         $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename});
-        print "/$filepart/0//$kopts/\n";
+        print "/$filepart/0//$kopts/" .
+              getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo) . "\n";
 
         my $requestedKopts = $state->{opt}{k};
         if(defined($requestedKopts))
@@ -672,7 +740,10 @@ sub req_remove
             next;
         }
 
-        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
+        # only from entries
+        my $stickyInfo = resolveStickyInfo($filename);
+
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename,$stickyInfo);
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
 
         unless ( defined ( $wrev ) )
@@ -702,7 +773,7 @@ sub req_remove
         print "Checked-in $dirpart\n";
         print "$filename\n";
         my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
-        print "/$filepart/-$wrev//$kopts/\n";
+        print "/$filepart/-$wrev//$kopts/" . getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo) . "\n";
 
         $rmcount++;
     }
@@ -882,6 +953,9 @@ sub req_co
         return 1;
     }
 
+    my $stickyInfo = { 'tag' => $state->{opt}{r},
+                       'date' => $state->{opt}{D} };
+
     my $module = $state->{args}[0];
     $state->{module} = $module;
     my $checkout_path = $module;
@@ -899,64 +973,32 @@ sub req_co
     my $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $module, $log);
     $updater->update();
 
-    $checkout_path =~ s|/$||; # get rid of trailing slashes
+    my $headHash;
+    if( defined($stickyInfo) && defined($stickyInfo->{tag}) )
+    {
+        $headHash = $updater->lookupCommitRef($stickyInfo->{tag});
+        if( !defined($headHash) )
+        {
+            print "error 1 no such tag `$stickyInfo->{tag}'\n";
+            cleanupWorkTree();
+            exit;
+        }
+    }
 
-    # Eclipse seems to need the Clear-sticky command
-    # to prepare the 'Entries' file for the new directory.
-    print "Clear-sticky $checkout_path/\n";
-    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/\n";
-    print "Clear-static-directory $checkout_path/\n";
-    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/\n";
-    print "Clear-sticky $checkout_path/\n"; # yes, twice
-    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/\n";
-    print "Template $checkout_path/\n";
-    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/\n";
-    print "0\n";
-
-    # instruct the client that we're checking out to $checkout_path
-    print "E cvs checkout: Updating $checkout_path\n";
+    $checkout_path =~ s|/$||; # get rid of trailing slashes
 
     my %seendirs = ();
     my $lastdir ='';
 
-    # recursive
-    sub prepdir {
-       my ($dir, $repodir, $remotedir, $seendirs) = @_;
-       my $parent = dirname($dir);
-       $dir       =~ s|/+$||;
-       $repodir   =~ s|/+$||;
-       $remotedir =~ s|/+$||;
-       $parent    =~ s|/+$||;
-       $log->debug("announcedir $dir, $repodir, $remotedir" );
-
-       if ($parent eq '.' || $parent eq './') {
-           $parent = '';
-       }
-       # recurse to announce unseen parents first
-       if (length($parent) && !exists($seendirs->{$parent})) {
-           prepdir($parent, $repodir, $remotedir, $seendirs);
-       }
-       # Announce that we are going to modify at the parent level
-       if ($parent) {
-           print "E cvs checkout: Updating $remotedir/$parent\n";
-       } else {
-           print "E cvs checkout: Updating $remotedir\n";
-       }
-       print "Clear-sticky $remotedir/$parent/\n";
-       print "$repodir/$parent/\n";
-
-       print "Clear-static-directory $remotedir/$dir/\n";
-       print "$repodir/$dir/\n";
-       print "Clear-sticky $remotedir/$parent/\n"; # yes, twice
-       print "$repodir/$parent/\n";
-       print "Template $remotedir/$dir/\n";
-       print "$repodir/$dir/\n";
-       print "0\n";
-
-       $seendirs->{$dir} = 1;
-    }
-
-    foreach my $git ( @{$updater->gethead} )
+    prepDirForOutput(
+            ".",
+            $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module",
+            $checkout_path,
+            \%seendirs,
+            'checkout',
+            $state->{dirArgs} );
+
+    foreach my $git ( @{$updater->getAnyHead($headHash)} )
     {
         # Don't want to check out deleted files
         next if ( $git->{filehash} eq "deleted" );
@@ -964,16 +1006,13 @@ sub req_co
         my $fullName = $git->{name};
         ( $git->{name}, $git->{dir} ) = filenamesplit($git->{name});
 
-       if (length($git->{dir}) && $git->{dir} ne './'
-           && $git->{dir} ne $lastdir ) {
-           unless (exists($seendirs{$git->{dir}})) {
-               prepdir($git->{dir}, $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/",
-                       $checkout_path, \%seendirs);
-               $lastdir = $git->{dir};
-               $seendirs{$git->{dir}} = 1;
-           }
-           print "E cvs checkout: Updating /$checkout_path/$git->{dir}\n";
-       }
+        unless (exists($seendirs{$git->{dir}})) {
+            prepDirForOutput($git->{dir}, $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/",
+                             $checkout_path, \%seendirs, 'checkout',
+                             $state->{dirArgs} );
+            $lastdir = $git->{dir};
+            $seendirs{$git->{dir}} = 1;
+        }
 
         # modification time of this file
         print "Mod-time $git->{modified}\n";
@@ -993,7 +1032,8 @@ sub req_co
 
         # this is an "entries" line
         my $kopts = kopts_from_path($fullName,"sha1",$git->{filehash});
-        print "/$git->{name}/$git->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+        print "/$git->{name}/$git->{revision}//$kopts/" .
+                        getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo) . "\n";
         # permissions
         print "u=$git->{mode},g=$git->{mode},o=$git->{mode}\n";
 
@@ -1006,6 +1046,119 @@ sub req_co
     statecleanup();
 }
 
+# used by req_co and req_update to set up directories for files
+# recursively handles parents
+sub prepDirForOutput
+{
+    my ($dir, $repodir, $remotedir, $seendirs, $request, $dirArgs) = @_;
+
+    my $parent = dirname($dir);
+    $dir       =~ s|/+$||;
+    $repodir   =~ s|/+$||;
+    $remotedir =~ s|/+$||;
+    $parent    =~ s|/+$||;
+
+    if ($parent eq '.' || $parent eq './')
+    {
+        $parent = '';
+    }
+    # recurse to announce unseen parents first
+    if( length($parent) &&
+        !exists($seendirs->{$parent}) &&
+        ( $request eq "checkout" ||
+          exists($dirArgs->{$parent}) ) )
+    {
+        prepDirForOutput($parent, $repodir, $remotedir,
+                         $seendirs, $request, $dirArgs);
+    }
+    # Announce that we are going to modify at the parent level
+    if ($dir eq '.' || $dir eq './')
+    {
+        $dir = '';
+    }
+    if(exists($seendirs->{$dir}))
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    $log->debug("announcedir $dir, $repodir, $remotedir" );
+    my($thisRemoteDir,$thisRepoDir);
+    if ($dir ne "")
+    {
+        $thisRepoDir="$repodir/$dir";
+        if($remotedir eq ".")
+        {
+            $thisRemoteDir=$dir;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            $thisRemoteDir="$remotedir/$dir";
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        $thisRepoDir=$repodir;
+        $thisRemoteDir=$remotedir;
+    }
+    unless ( $state->{globaloptions}{-Q} || $state->{globaloptions}{-q} )
+    {
+        print "E cvs $request: Updating $thisRemoteDir\n";
+    }
+
+    my ($opt_r)=$state->{opt}{r};
+    my $stickyInfo;
+    if(exists($state->{opt}{A}))
+    {
+        # $stickyInfo=undef;
+    }
+    elsif( defined($opt_r) && $opt_r ne "" )
+           # || ( defined($state->{opt}{D}) && $state->{opt}{D} ne "" ) # TODO
+    {
+        $stickyInfo={ 'tag' => (defined($opt_r)?$opt_r:undef) };
+
+        # TODO: Convert -D value into the form 2011.04.10.04.46.57,
+        #   similar to an entry line's sticky date, without the D prefix.
+        #   It sometimes (always?) arrives as something more like
+        #   '10 Apr 2011 04:46:57 -0000'...
+        # $stickyInfo={ 'date' => (defined($stickyDate)?$stickyDate:undef) };
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        $stickyInfo=getDirStickyInfo($state->{prependdir} . $dir);
+    }
+
+    my $stickyResponse;
+    if(defined($stickyInfo))
+    {
+        $stickyResponse = "Set-sticky $thisRemoteDir/\n" .
+                          "$thisRepoDir/\n" .
+                          getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo) . "\n";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        $stickyResponse = "Clear-sticky $thisRemoteDir/\n" .
+                          "$thisRepoDir/\n";
+    }
+
+    unless ( $state->{globaloptions}{-n} )
+    {
+        print $stickyResponse;
+
+        print "Clear-static-directory $thisRemoteDir/\n";
+        print "$thisRepoDir/\n";
+        print $stickyResponse; # yes, twice
+        print "Template $thisRemoteDir/\n";
+        print "$thisRepoDir/\n";
+        print "0\n";
+    }
+
+    $seendirs->{$dir} = 1;
+
+    # FUTURE: This would more accurately emulate CVS by sending
+    #   another copy of sticky after processing the files in that
+    #   directory.  Or intermediate: perhaps send all sticky's for
+    #   $seendirs after after processing all files.
+}
+
 # update \n
 #     Response expected: yes. Actually do a cvs update command. This uses any
 #     previous Argument, Directory, Entry, or Modified requests, if they have
@@ -1049,29 +1202,19 @@ sub req_update
 
     #$log->debug("update state : " . Dumper($state));
 
-    my $last_dirname = "///";
+    my($repoDir);
+    $repoDir=$state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$state->{prependdir}";
+
+    my %seendirs = ();
 
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
-    foreach my $filename ( @{$state->{args}} )
+    foreach my $argsFilename ( @{$state->{args}} )
     {
-        $filename = filecleanup($filename);
+        my $filename;
+        $filename = filecleanup($argsFilename);
 
         $log->debug("Processing file $filename");
 
-        unless ( $state->{globaloptions}{-Q} || $state->{globaloptions}{-q} )
-        {
-            my $cur_dirname = dirname($filename);
-            if ( $cur_dirname ne $last_dirname )
-            {
-                $last_dirname = $cur_dirname;
-                if ( $cur_dirname eq "" )
-                {
-                    $cur_dirname = ".";
-                }
-                print "E cvs update: Updating $cur_dirname\n";
-            }
-        }
-
         # if we have a -C we should pretend we never saw modified stuff
         if ( exists ( $state->{opt}{C} ) )
         {
@@ -1080,13 +1223,11 @@ sub req_update
             $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged} = 1;
         }
 
-        my $meta;
-        if ( defined($state->{opt}{r}) and $state->{opt}{r} =~ /^(1\.\d+)$/ )
-        {
-            $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $1);
-        } else {
-            $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
-        }
+        my $stickyInfo = resolveStickyInfo($filename,
+                                           $state->{opt}{r},
+                                           $state->{opt}{D},
+                                           exists($state->{opt}{A}));
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $stickyInfo);
 
         # If -p was given, "print" the contents of the requested revision.
         if ( exists ( $state->{opt}{p} ) ) {
@@ -1099,6 +1240,17 @@ sub req_update
             next;
         }
 
+        # Directories:
+        prepDirForOutput(
+                dirname($argsFilename),
+                $repoDir,
+                ".",
+                \%seendirs,
+                "update",
+                $state->{dirArgs} );
+
+        my $wrev = revparse($filename);
+
 	if ( ! defined $meta )
 	{
 	    $meta = {
@@ -1106,16 +1258,23 @@ sub req_update
 	        revision => '0',
 	        filehash => 'added'
 	    };
+	    if($wrev ne "0")
+	    {
+	        $meta->{filehash}='deleted';
+	    }
 	}
 
         my $oldmeta = $meta;
 
-        my $wrev = revparse($filename);
-
         # If the working copy is an old revision, lets get that version too for comparison.
-        if ( defined($wrev) and $wrev ne $meta->{revision} )
+        my $oldWrev=$wrev;
+        if(defined($oldWrev))
         {
-            $oldmeta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
+            $oldWrev=~s/^-//;
+            if($oldWrev ne $meta->{revision})
+            {
+                $oldmeta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $oldWrev);
+            }
         }
 
         #$log->debug("Target revision is $meta->{revision}, current working revision is $wrev");
@@ -1133,6 +1292,7 @@ sub req_update
         if ( defined ( $wrev )
              and defined($meta->{revision})
              and $wrev eq $meta->{revision}
+             and $wrev ne "0"
              and defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash})
              and not exists ( $state->{opt}{C} ) )
         {
@@ -1143,7 +1303,7 @@ sub req_update
             next;
         }
 
-        if ( $meta->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
+        if ( $meta->{filehash} eq "deleted" && $wrev ne "0" )
         {
             # TODO: If it has been modified in the sandbox, error out
             #   with the appropriate message, rather than deleting a modified
@@ -1205,10 +1365,6 @@ sub req_update
 		    $log->debug("Updating existing file 'Update-existing $dirpart'");
 		} else {
 		    # instruct client we're sending a file to put in this path as a new file
-		    print "Clear-static-directory $dirpart\n";
-		    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$dirpart\n";
-		    print "Clear-sticky $dirpart\n";
-		    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$dirpart\n";
 
 		    $log->debug("Creating new file 'Created $dirpart'");
 		    print "Created $dirpart\n";
@@ -1217,8 +1373,10 @@ sub req_update
 
 		# this is an "entries" line
 		my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
-		$log->debug("/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/");
-		print "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+                my $entriesLine = "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/";
+                $entriesLine .= getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo);
+		$log->debug($entriesLine);
+		print "$entriesLine\n";
 
 		# permissions
 		$log->debug("SEND : u=$meta->{mode},g=$meta->{mode},o=$meta->{mode}");
@@ -1266,7 +1424,9 @@ sub req_update
                     my $kopts = kopts_from_path("$dirpart/$filepart",
                                                 "file",$mergedFile);
                     $log->debug("/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/");
-                    print "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+                    my $entriesLine="/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/";
+                    $entriesLine .= getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo);
+                    print "$entriesLine\n";
                 }
             }
             elsif ( $return == 1 )
@@ -1282,7 +1442,9 @@ sub req_update
                     print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$filename\n";
                     my $kopts = kopts_from_path("$dirpart/$filepart",
                                                 "file",$mergedFile);
-                    print "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}/+/$kopts/\n";
+                    my $entriesLine = "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}/+/$kopts/";
+                    $entriesLine .= getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo);
+                    print "$entriesLine\n";
                 }
             }
             else
@@ -1310,6 +1472,43 @@ sub req_update
 
     }
 
+    # prepDirForOutput() any other existing directories unless they already
+    # have the right sticky tag:
+    unless ( $state->{globaloptions}{n} )
+    {
+        my $dir;
+        foreach $dir (keys(%{$state->{dirMap}}))
+        {
+            if( ! $seendirs{$dir} &&
+                exists($state->{dirArgs}{$dir}) )
+            {
+                my($oldTag);
+                $oldTag=$state->{dirMap}{$dir}{tagspec};
+
+                unless( ( exists($state->{opt}{A}) &&
+                          defined($oldTag) ) ||
+                          ( defined($state->{opt}{r}) &&
+                            ( !defined($oldTag) ||
+                              $state->{opt}{r} ne $oldTag ) ) )
+                        # TODO?: OR sticky dir is different...
+                {
+                    next;
+                }
+
+                prepDirForOutput(
+                        $dir,
+                        $repoDir,
+                        ".",
+                        \%seendirs,
+                        'update',
+                        $state->{dirArgs} );
+            }
+
+            # TODO?: Consider sending a final duplicate Sticky response
+            #   to more closely mimic real CVS.
+        }
+    }
+
     print "ok\n";
 }
 
@@ -1342,23 +1541,11 @@ sub req_ci
     my $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
     $updater->update();
 
-    # Remember where the head was at the beginning.
-    my $parenthash = `git show-ref -s refs/heads/$state->{module}`;
-    chomp $parenthash;
-    if ($parenthash !~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/) {
-	    print "error 1 pserver cannot find the current HEAD of module";
-	    cleanupWorkTree();
-	    exit;
-    }
-
-    setupWorkTree($parenthash);
-
-    $log->info("Lockless commit start, basing commit on '$work->{workDir}', index file is '$work->{index}'");
-
-    $log->info("Created index '$work->{index}' for head $state->{module} - exit status $?");
-
     my @committedfiles = ();
     my %oldmeta;
+    my $stickyInfo;
+    my $branchRef;
+    my $parenthash;
 
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
     foreach my $filename ( @{$state->{args}} )
@@ -1368,7 +1555,67 @@ sub req_ci
 
         next unless ( exists $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} or not $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged} );
 
-        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
+        #####
+        # Figure out which branch and parenthash we are committing
+        # to, and setup worktree:
+
+        # should always come from entries:
+        my $fileStickyInfo = resolveStickyInfo($filename);
+        if( !defined($branchRef) )
+        {
+            $stickyInfo = $fileStickyInfo;
+            if( defined($stickyInfo) &&
+                ( defined($stickyInfo->{date}) ||
+                  !defined($stickyInfo->{tag}) ) )
+            {
+                print "error 1 cannot commit with sticky date for file `$filename'\n";
+                cleanupWorkTree();
+                exit;
+            }
+
+            $branchRef = "refs/heads/$state->{module}";
+            if ( defined($stickyInfo) && defined($stickyInfo->{tag}) )
+            {
+                $branchRef = "refs/heads/$stickyInfo->{tag}";
+            }
+
+            $parenthash = `git show-ref -s $branchRef`;
+            chomp $parenthash;
+            if ($parenthash !~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
+            {
+                if ( defined($stickyInfo) && defined($stickyInfo->{tag}) )
+                {
+                    print "error 1 sticky tag `$stickyInfo->{tag}' for file `$filename' is not a branch\n";
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    print "error 1 pserver cannot find the current HEAD of module";
+                }
+                cleanupWorkTree();
+                exit;
+            }
+
+            setupWorkTree($parenthash);
+
+            $log->info("Lockless commit start, basing commit on '$work->{workDir}', index file is '$work->{index}'");
+
+            $log->info("Created index '$work->{index}' for head $state->{module} - exit status $?");
+        }
+        elsif( !refHashEqual($stickyInfo,$fileStickyInfo) )
+        {
+            #TODO: We could split the cvs commit into multiple
+            #  git commits by distinct stickyTag values, but that
+            #  is lowish priority.
+            print "error 1 Committing different files to different"
+                  . " branches is not currently supported\n";
+            cleanupWorkTree();
+            exit;
+        }
+
+        #####
+        # Process this file:
+
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename,$stickyInfo);
 	$oldmeta{$filename} = $meta;
 
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
@@ -1470,7 +1717,7 @@ sub req_ci
     }
 
 	### Emulate git-receive-pack by running hooks/update
-	my @hook = ( $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/update', "refs/heads/$state->{module}",
+	my @hook = ( $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/update', $branchRef,
 			$parenthash, $commithash );
 	if( -x $hook[0] ) {
 		unless( system( @hook ) == 0 )
@@ -1484,7 +1731,7 @@ sub req_ci
 
 	### Update the ref
 	if (system(qw(git update-ref -m), "cvsserver ci",
-			"refs/heads/$state->{module}", $commithash, $parenthash)) {
+			$branchRef, $commithash, $parenthash)) {
 		$log->warn("update-ref for $state->{module} failed.");
 		print "error 1 Cannot commit -- update first\n";
 		cleanupWorkTree();
@@ -1498,7 +1745,7 @@ sub req_ci
 
 		local $SIG{PIPE} = sub { die 'pipe broke' };
 
-		print $pipe "$parenthash $commithash refs/heads/$state->{module}\n";
+		print $pipe "$parenthash $commithash $branchRef\n";
 
 		close $pipe || die "bad pipe: $! $?";
 	}
@@ -1508,7 +1755,7 @@ sub req_ci
 	### Then hooks/post-update
 	$hook = $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/post-update';
 	if (-x $hook) {
-		system($hook, "refs/heads/$state->{module}");
+		system($hook, $branchRef);
 	}
 
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
@@ -1516,7 +1763,7 @@ sub req_ci
     {
         $filename = filecleanup($filename);
 
-        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename,$stickyInfo);
 	unless (defined $meta->{revision}) {
 	  $meta->{revision} = "1.1";
 	}
@@ -1540,7 +1787,8 @@ sub req_ci
             print "Checked-in $dirpart\n";
             print "$filename\n";
             my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
-            print "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+            print "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/" .
+                  getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo) . "\n";
         }
     }
 
@@ -1577,16 +1825,19 @@ sub req_status
            next;
         }
 
-        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
-        my $oldmeta = $meta;
-
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
 
+        my $stickyInfo = resolveStickyInfo($filename);
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename,$stickyInfo);
+        my $oldmeta = $meta;
+
         # If the working copy is an old revision, lets get that
         # version too for comparison.
         if ( defined($wrev) and $wrev ne $meta->{revision} )
         {
-            $oldmeta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
+            my($rmRev)=$wrev;
+            $rmRev=~s/^-//;
+            $oldmeta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $rmRev);
         }
 
         # TODO : All possible statuses aren't yet implemented
@@ -1629,6 +1880,7 @@ sub req_status
         # same revision but there are local changes
         if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined($meta->{revision}) and
              $wrev eq $meta->{revision} and
+             $wrev ne "0" and
              $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} )
         {
             $status ||= "Locally Modified";
@@ -1644,7 +1896,8 @@ sub req_status
         }
 
         if ( defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{revision} ) and
-             not defined ( $meta->{revision} ) )
+             ( !defined($meta->{revision}) ||
+               $meta->{revision} eq "0" ) )
         {
             $status ||= "Locally Added";
         }
@@ -1740,98 +1993,133 @@ sub req_diff
     # be providing status on ...
     argsfromdir($updater);
 
+    my($foundDiff);
+
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
-    foreach my $filename ( @{$state->{args}} )
+    foreach my $argFilename ( @{$state->{args}} )
     {
-        $filename = filecleanup($filename);
+        my($filename) = filecleanup($argFilename);
 
         my ( $fh, $file1, $file2, $meta1, $meta2, $filediff );
 
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
 
-        # We need _something_ to diff against
-        next unless ( defined ( $wrev ) );
+        # Priority for revision1:
+        #  1. First -r (missing file: check -N)
+        #  2. wrev from client's Entry line
+        #      - missing line/file: check -N
+        #      - "0": added file not committed (empty contents for rev1)
+        #      - Prefixed with dash (to be removed): check -N
 
-        # if we have a -r switch, use it
         if ( defined ( $revision1 ) )
         {
-            ( undef, $file1 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
             $meta1 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $revision1);
-            unless ( defined ( $meta1 ) and $meta1->{filehash} ne "deleted" )
+        }
+        elsif( defined($wrev) && $wrev ne "0" )
+        {
+            my($rmRev)=$wrev;
+            $rmRev=~s/^-//;
+            $meta1 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $rmRev);
+        }
+        if ( !defined($meta1) ||
+             $meta1->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
+        {
+            if( !exists($state->{opt}{N}) )
             {
-                print "E File $filename at revision $revision1 doesn't exist\n";
+                if(!defined($revision1))
+                {
+                    print "E File $filename at revision $revision1 doesn't exist\n";
+                }
                 next;
             }
-            transmitfile($meta1->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file1 });
-        }
-        # otherwise we just use the working copy revision
-        else
-        {
-            ( undef, $file1 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
-            $meta1 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
-            transmitfile($meta1->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file1 });
+            elsif( !defined($meta1) )
+            {
+                $meta1 = {
+                    name => $filename,
+                    revision => '0',
+                    filehash => 'deleted'
+                };
+            }
         }
 
+        # Priority for revision2:
+        #  1. Second -r (missing file: check -N)
+        #  2. Modified file contents from client
+        #  3. wrev from client's Entry line
+        #      - missing line/file: check -N
+        #      - Prefixed with dash (to be removed): check -N
+
         # if we have a second -r switch, use it too
         if ( defined ( $revision2 ) )
         {
-            ( undef, $file2 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
             $meta2 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $revision2);
-
-            unless ( defined ( $meta2 ) and $meta2->{filehash} ne "deleted" )
-            {
-                print "E File $filename at revision $revision2 doesn't exist\n";
-                next;
-            }
-
-            transmitfile($meta2->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file2 });
         }
-        # otherwise we just use the working copy
-        else
+        elsif(defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename}))
         {
             $file2 = $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename};
+	    $meta2 = {
+                name => $filename,
+	        revision => '0',
+	        filehash => 'modified'
+            };
         }
-
-        # if we have been given -r, and we don't have a $file2 yet, lets
-        # get one
-        if ( defined ( $revision1 ) and not defined ( $file2 ) )
+        elsif( defined($wrev) && ($wrev!~/^-/) )
         {
-            ( undef, $file2 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
+            if(!defined($revision1))  # no revision and no modifications:
+            {
+                next;
+            }
             $meta2 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
-            transmitfile($meta2->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file2 });
+        }
+        if(!defined($file2))
+        {
+            if ( !defined($meta2) ||
+                 $meta2->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
+            {
+                if( !exists($state->{opt}{N}) )
+                {
+                    if(!defined($revision2))
+                    {
+                        print "E File $filename at revision $revision2 doesn't exist\n";
+                    }
+                    next;
+                }
+                elsif( !defined($meta2) )
+                {
+	            $meta2 = {
+                        name => $filename,
+	                revision => '0',
+	                filehash => 'deleted'
+                    };
+                }
+            }
         }
 
-        # We need to have retrieved something useful
-        next unless ( defined ( $meta1 ) );
-
-        # Files to date if the working copy and repo copy have the same
-        # revision, and the working copy is unmodified
-        if ( not defined ( $meta2 ) and $wrev eq $meta1->{revision} and
-             ( ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged} and
-                 ( not defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} ) or
-                   $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} !~ /^\+=/ ) ) or
-               ( defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash}) and
-                 $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash} eq
-                        $meta1->{filehash} ) ) )
+        if( $meta1->{filehash} eq $meta2->{filehash} )
         {
+            $log->info("unchanged $filename");
             next;
         }
 
-        # Apparently we only show diffs for locally modified files
-        unless ( defined($meta2) or
-                 defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} ) )
+        # Retrieve revision contents:
+        ( undef, $file1 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
+        transmitfile($meta1->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file1 });
+
+        if(!defined($file2))
         {
-            next;
+            ( undef, $file2 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
+            transmitfile($meta2->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file2 });
         }
 
-        print "M Index: $filename\n";
+        # Generate the actual diff:
+        print "M Index: $argFilename\n";
         print "M =======" . ( "=" x 60 ) . "\n";
         print "M RCS file: $state->{CVSROOT}/$state->{module}/$filename,v\n";
-        if ( defined ( $meta1 ) )
+        if ( defined ( $meta1 ) && $meta1->{revision} ne "0" )
         {
             print "M retrieving revision $meta1->{revision}\n"
         }
-        if ( defined ( $meta2 ) )
+        if ( defined ( $meta2 ) && $meta2->{revision} ne "0" )
         {
             print "M retrieving revision $meta2->{revision}\n"
         }
@@ -1852,33 +2140,73 @@ sub req_diff
                 }
             }
         }
-        print "$filename\n";
+        print "$argFilename\n";
 
         $log->info("Diffing $filename -r $meta1->{revision} -r " .
                    ( $meta2->{revision} or "workingcopy" ));
 
-        ( $fh, $filediff ) = tempfile ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR );
-
-        if ( exists $state->{opt}{u} )
+        # TODO: Use --label instead of -L because -L is no longer
+        #  documented and may go away someday.  Not sure if there there are
+        #  versions that only support -L, which would make this change risky?
+        #  http://osdir.com/ml/bug-gnu-utils-gnu/2010-12/msg00060.html
+        #    ("man diff" should actually document the best migration strategy,
+        #  [current behavior, future changes, old compatibility issues
+        #  or lack thereof, etc], not just stop mentioning the option...)
+        # TODO: Real CVS seems to include a date in the label, before
+        #  the revision part, without the keyword "revision".  The following
+        #  has minimal changes compared to original versions of
+        #  git-cvsserver.perl.  (Mostly tab vs space after filename.)
+
+        my (@diffCmd) = ( 'diff' );
+        if ( exists($state->{opt}{N}) )
         {
-            system("diff -u -L '$filename revision $meta1->{revision}'" .
-                        " -L '$filename " .
-                        ( defined($meta2->{revision}) ?
-                                "revision $meta2->{revision}" :
-                                "working copy" ) .
-                        "' $file1 $file2 > $filediff" );
-        } else {
-            system("diff $file1 $file2 > $filediff");
+            push @diffCmd,"-N";
         }
+        if ( exists $state->{opt}{u} )
+        {
+            push @diffCmd,("-u","-L");
+            if( $meta1->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
+            {
+                push @diffCmd,"/dev/null";
+            } else {
+                push @diffCmd,("$argFilename\trevision $meta1->{revision}");
+            }
 
-        while ( <$fh> )
+            if( defined($meta2->{filehash}) )
+            {
+                if( $meta2->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
+                {
+                    push @diffCmd,("-L","/dev/null");
+                } else {
+                    push @diffCmd,("-L",
+                                   "$argFilename\trevision $meta2->{revision}");
+                }
+            } else {
+                push @diffCmd,("-L","$argFilename\tworking copy");
+            }
+        }
+        push @diffCmd,($file1,$file2);
+        if(!open(DIFF,"-|",@diffCmd))
         {
-            print "M $_";
+            $log->warn("Unable to run diff: $!");
         }
-        close $fh;
+        my($diffLine);
+        while(defined($diffLine=<DIFF>))
+        {
+            print "M $diffLine";
+            $foundDiff=1;
+        }
+        close(DIFF);
     }
 
-    print "ok\n";
+    if($foundDiff)
+    {
+        print "error  \n";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        print "ok\n";
+    }
 }
 
 sub req_log
@@ -2098,7 +2426,7 @@ sub argsplit
         $opt = { A => 0, N => 0, P => 0, R => 0, c => 0, f => 0, l => 0, n => 0, p => 0, s => 0, r => 1, D => 1, d => 1, k => 1, j => 1, } if ( $type eq "co" );
         $opt = { v => 0, l => 0, R => 0 } if ( $type eq "status" );
         $opt = { A => 0, P => 0, C => 0, d => 0, f => 0, l => 0, R => 0, p => 0, k => 1, r => 1, D => 1, j => 1, I => 1, W => 1 } if ( $type eq "update" );
-        $opt = { l => 0, R => 0, k => 1, D => 1, D => 1, r => 2 } if ( $type eq "diff" );
+        $opt = { l => 0, R => 0, k => 1, D => 1, D => 1, r => 2, N => 0 } if ( $type eq "diff" );
         $opt = { c => 0, R => 0, l => 0, f => 0, F => 1, m => 1, r => 1 } if ( $type eq "ci" );
         $opt = { k => 1, m => 1 } if ( $type eq "add" );
         $opt = { f => 0, l => 0, R => 0 } if ( $type eq "remove" );
@@ -2164,62 +2492,335 @@ sub argsplit
     }
 }
 
-# This method uses $state->{directory} to populate $state->{args} with a list of filenames
-sub argsfromdir
+# Used by argsfromdir
+sub expandArg
 {
-    my $updater = shift;
+    my ($updater,$outNameMap,$outDirMap,$path,$isDir) = @_;
 
-    $state->{args} = [] if ( scalar(@{$state->{args}}) == 1 and $state->{args}[0] eq "." );
+    my $fullPath = filecleanup($path);
 
-    return if ( scalar ( @{$state->{args}} ) > 1 );
+      # Is it a directory?
+    if( defined($state->{dirMap}{$fullPath}) ||
+        defined($state->{dirMap}{"$fullPath/"}) )
+    {
+          # It is a directory in the user's sandbox.
+        $isDir=1;
 
-    my @gethead = @{$updater->gethead};
+        if(defined($state->{entries}{$fullPath}))
+        {
+            $log->fatal("Inconsistent file/dir type");
+            die "Inconsistent file/dir type";
+        }
+    }
+    elsif(defined($state->{entries}{$fullPath}))
+    {
+          # It is a file in the user's sandbox.
+        $isDir=0;
+    }
+    my($revDirMap,$otherRevDirMap);
+    if(!defined($isDir) || $isDir)
+    {
+          # Resolve version tree for sticky tag:
+          # (for now we only want list of files for the version, not
+          # particular versions of those files: assume it is a directory
+          # for the moment; ignore Entry's stick tag)
+
+          # Order of precedence of sticky tags:
+          #    -A       [head]
+          #    -r /tag/
+          #    [file entry sticky tag, but that is only relevant to files]
+          #    [the tag specified in dir req_Sticky]
+          #    [the tag specified in a parent dir req_Sticky]
+          #    [head]
+          # Also, -r may appear twice (for diff).
+          #
+          # FUTURE: When/if -j (merges) are supported, we also
+          #  need to add relevant files from one or two
+          #  versions specified with -j.
+
+        if(exists($state->{opt}{A}))
+        {
+            $revDirMap=$updater->getRevisionDirMap();
+        }
+        elsif( defined($state->{opt}{r}) and
+               ref $state->{opt}{r} eq "ARRAY" )
+        {
+            $revDirMap=$updater->getRevisionDirMap($state->{opt}{r}[0]);
+            $otherRevDirMap=$updater->getRevisionDirMap($state->{opt}{r}[1]);
+        }
+        elsif(defined($state->{opt}{r}))
+        {
+            $revDirMap=$updater->getRevisionDirMap($state->{opt}{r});
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            my($sticky)=getDirStickyInfo($fullPath);
+            $revDirMap=$updater->getRevisionDirMap($sticky->{tag});
+        }
 
-    # push added files
-    foreach my $file (keys %{$state->{entries}}) {
-	if ( exists $state->{entries}{$file}{revision} &&
-		$state->{entries}{$file}{revision} eq '0' )
-	{
-	    push @gethead, { name => $file, filehash => 'added' };
-	}
+          # Is it a directory?
+        if( defined($revDirMap->{$fullPath}) ||
+            defined($otherRevDirMap->{$fullPath}) )
+        {
+            $isDir=1;
+        }
     }
 
-    if ( scalar(@{$state->{args}}) == 1 )
+      # What to do with it?
+    if(!$isDir)
+    {
+        $outNameMap->{$fullPath}=1;
+    }
+    else
     {
-        my $arg = $state->{args}[0];
-        $arg .= $state->{prependdir} if ( defined ( $state->{prependdir} ) );
+        $outDirMap->{$fullPath}=1;
 
-        $log->info("Only one arg specified, checking for directory expansion on '$arg'");
+        if(defined($revDirMap->{$fullPath}))
+        {
+            addDirMapFiles($updater,$outNameMap,$outDirMap,
+                           $revDirMap->{$fullPath});
+        }
+        if( defined($otherRevDirMap) &&
+            defined($otherRevDirMap->{$fullPath}) )
+        {
+            addDirMapFiles($updater,$outNameMap,$outDirMap,
+                           $otherRevDirMap->{$fullPath});
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# Used by argsfromdir
+# Add entries from dirMap to outNameMap.  Also recurse into entries
+# that are subdirectories.
+sub addDirMapFiles
+{
+    my($updater,$outNameMap,$outDirMap,$dirMap)=@_;
 
-        foreach my $file ( @gethead )
+    my($fullName);
+    foreach $fullName (keys(%$dirMap))
+    {
+        my $cleanName=$fullName;
+        if(defined($state->{prependdir}))
         {
-            next if ( $file->{filehash} eq "deleted" and not defined ( $state->{entries}{$file->{name}} ) );
-            next unless ( $file->{name} =~ /^$arg\// or $file->{name} eq $arg  );
-            push @{$state->{args}}, $file->{name};
+            if(!($cleanName=~s/^\Q$state->{prependdir}\E//))
+            {
+                $log->fatal("internal error stripping prependdir");
+                die "internal error stripping prependdir";
+            }
         }
 
-        shift @{$state->{args}} if ( scalar(@{$state->{args}}) > 1 );
-    } else {
-        $log->info("Only one arg specified, populating file list automatically");
+        if($dirMap->{$fullName} eq "F")
+        {
+            $outNameMap->{$cleanName}=1;
+        }
+        elsif($dirMap->{$fullName} eq "D")
+        {
+            if(!$state->{opt}{l})
+            {
+                expandArg($updater,$outNameMap,$outDirMap,$cleanName,1);
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            $log->fatal("internal error in addDirMapFiles");
+            die "internal error in addDirMapFiles";
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# This method replaces $state->{args} with a directory-expanded
+# list of all relevant filenames (recursively unless -d), based
+# on $state->{entries}, and the "current" list of files in
+# each directory.  "Current" files as determined by
+# either the requested (-r/-A) or "req_Sticky" version of
+# that directory.
+#    Both the input args and the new output args are relative
+# to the cvs-client's CWD, although some of the internal
+# computations are relative to the top of the project.
+sub argsfromdir
+{
+    my $updater = shift;
+
+    # Notes about requirements for specific callers:
+    #   update # "standard" case (entries; a single -r/-A/default; -l)
+    #          # Special case: -d for create missing directories.
+    #   diff # 0 or 1 -r's: "standard" case.
+    #        # 2 -r's: We could ignore entries (just use the two -r's),
+    #        # but it doesn't really matter.
+    #   annotate # "standard" case
+    #   log # Punting: log -r has a more complex non-"standard"
+    #       # meaning, and we don't currently try to support log'ing
+    #       # branches at all (need a lot of work to
+    #       # support CVS-consistent branch relative version
+    #       # numbering).
+#HERE: But we still want to expand directories.  Maybe we should
+#  essentially force "-A".
+    #   status # "standard", except that -r/-A/default are not possible.
+    #          # Mostly only used to expand entries only)
+    #
+    # Don't use argsfromdir at all:
+    #   add # Explicit arguments required.  Directory args imply add
+    #       # the directory itself, not the files in it.
+    #   co  # Obtain list directly.
+    #   remove # HERE: TEST: MAYBE client does the recursion for us,
+    #          # since it only makes sense to remove stuff already in
+    #          # the sandobx?
+    #   ci # HERE: Similar to remove...
+    #      # Don't try to implement the confusing/weird
+    #      # ci -r bug er.."feature".
+
+    if(scalar(@{$state->{args}})==0)
+    {
+        $state->{args} = [ "." ];
+    }
+    my %allArgs;
+    my %allDirs;
+    for my $file (@{$state->{args}})
+    {
+        expandArg($updater,\%allArgs,\%allDirs,$file);
+    }
+
+    # Include any entries from sandbox.  Generally client won't
+    # send entries that shouldn't be used.
+    foreach my $file (keys %{$state->{entries}})
+    {
+        $allArgs{remove_prependdir($file)} = 1;
+    }
 
-        $state->{args} = [];
+    $state->{dirArgs} = \%allDirs;
+    $state->{args} = [
+        sort {
+                # Sort priority: by directory depth, then actual file name:
+            my @piecesA=split('/',$a);
+            my @piecesB=split('/',$b);
 
-        foreach my $file ( @gethead )
+            my $count=scalar(@piecesA);
+            my $tmp=scalar(@piecesB);
+            return $count<=>$tmp if($count!=$tmp);
+
+            for($tmp=0;$tmp<$count;$tmp++)
+            {
+                if($piecesA[$tmp] ne $piecesB[$tmp])
+                {
+                    return $piecesA[$tmp] cmp $piecesB[$tmp]
+                }
+            }
+            return 0;
+        } keys(%allArgs) ];
+}
+
+## look up directory sticky tag, of either fullPath or a parent:
+sub getDirStickyInfo
+{
+    my($fullPath)=@_;
+
+    $fullPath=~s%/+$%%;
+    while($fullPath ne "" && !defined($state->{dirMap}{"$fullPath/"}))
+    {
+        $fullPath=~s%/?[^/]*$%%;
+    }
+
+    if( !defined($state->{dirMap}{"$fullPath/"}) &&
+        ( $fullPath eq "" ||
+          $fullPath eq "." ) )
+    {
+        return $state->{dirMap}{""}{stickyInfo};
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return $state->{dirMap}{"$fullPath/"}{stickyInfo};
+    }
+}
+
+# Resolve precedence of various ways of specifying which version of
+# a file you want.  Returns undef (for default head), or a ref to a hash
+# that contains "tag" and/or "date" keys.
+sub resolveStickyInfo
+{
+    my($filename,$stickyTag,$stickyDate,$reset) = @_;
+
+    # Order of precedence of sticky tags:
+    #    -A       [head]
+    #    -r /tag/
+    #    [file entry sticky tag]
+    #    [the tag specified in dir req_Sticky]
+    #    [the tag specified in a parent dir req_Sticky]
+    #    [head]
+
+    my $result;
+    if($reset)
+    {
+        # $result=undef;
+    }
+    elsif( defined($stickyTag) && $stickyTag ne "" )
+           # || ( defined($stickyDate) && $stickyDate ne "" )   # TODO
+    {
+        $result={ 'tag' => (defined($stickyTag)?$stickyTag:undef) };
+
+        # TODO: Convert -D value into the form 2011.04.10.04.46.57,
+        #   similar to an entry line's sticky date, without the D prefix.
+        #   It sometimes (always?) arrives as something more like
+        #   '10 Apr 2011 04:46:57 -0000'...
+        # $result={ 'date' => (defined($stickyDate)?$stickyDate:undef) };
+    }
+    elsif( defined($state->{entries}{$filename}) &&
+           defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{tag_or_date}) &&
+           $state->{entries}{$filename}{tag_or_date} ne "" )
+    {
+        my($tagOrDate)=$state->{entries}{$filename}{tag_or_date};
+        if($tagOrDate=~/^T([^ ]+)\s*$/)
         {
-            next if ( $file->{filehash} eq "deleted" and not defined ( $state->{entries}{$file->{name}} ) );
-            next unless ( $file->{name} =~ s/^$state->{prependdir}// );
-            push @{$state->{args}}, $file->{name};
+            $result = { 'tag' => $1 };
+        }
+        elsif($tagOrDate=~/^D([0-9.]+)\s*$/)
+        {
+            $result= { 'date' => $1 };
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            die "Unknown tag_or_date format\n";
         }
     }
+    else
+    {
+        $result=getDirStickyInfo($filename);
+    }
+
+    return $result;
+}
+
+# Convert a stickyInfo (ref to a hash) as returned by resolveStickyInfo into
+# a form appropriate for the sticky tag field of an Entries
+# line (field index 5, 0-based).
+sub getStickyTagOrDate
+{
+    my($stickyInfo)=@_;
+
+    my $result;
+    if(defined($stickyInfo) && defined($stickyInfo->{tag}))
+    {
+        $result="T$stickyInfo->{tag}";
+    }
+    # TODO: When/if we actually pick versions by {date} properly,
+    #   also handle it here:
+    #   "D$stickyInfo->{date}" (example: "D2011.04.13.20.37.07").
+    else
+    {
+        $result="";
+    }
+
+    return $result;
 }
 
 # This method cleans up the $state variable after a command that uses arguments has run
 sub statecleanup
 {
     $state->{files} = [];
+    $state->{dirArgs} = {};
     $state->{args} = [];
     $state->{arguments} = [];
     $state->{entries} = {};
+    $state->{dirMap} = {};
 }
 
 # Return working directory CVS revision "1.X" out
@@ -2309,6 +2910,9 @@ sub filenamesplit
     return ( $filepart, $dirpart );
 }
 
+# Cleanup various junk in filename (try to canonicalize it), and
+# add prependdir to accommodate running CVS client from a
+# subdirectory (so the output is relative to top directory of the project).
 sub filecleanup
 {
     my $filename = shift;
@@ -2320,11 +2924,36 @@ sub filecleanup
         return undef;
     }
 
+    if($filename eq ".")
+    {
+        $filename="";
+    }
     $filename =~ s/^\.\///g;
+    $filename =~ s%/+%/%g;
     $filename = $state->{prependdir} . $filename;
+    $filename =~ s%/$%%;
     return $filename;
 }
 
+# Remove prependdir from the path, so that is is relative to the directory
+# the CVS client was started from, rather than the top of the project.
+# Essentially the inverse of filecleanup().
+sub remove_prependdir
+{
+    my($path) = @_;
+    if(defined($state->{prependdir}) && $state->{prependdir} ne "")
+    {
+        my($pre)=$state->{prependdir};
+        $pre=~s%/$%%;
+        if(!($path=~s%^\Q$pre\E/?%%))
+        {
+            $log->fatal("internal error missing prependdir");
+            die("internal error missing prependdir");
+        }
+    }
+    return $path;
+}
+
 sub validateGitDir
 {
     if( !defined($state->{CVSROOT}) )
@@ -2738,6 +3367,45 @@ sub descramble
     return $ret;
 }
 
+# Test if the (deep) values of two references to a hash are the same.
+sub refHashEqual
+{
+    my($v1,$v2) = @_;
+
+    my $out;
+    if(!defined($v1))
+    {
+        if(!defined($v2))
+        {
+            $out=1;
+        }
+    }
+    elsif( !defined($v2) ||
+           scalar(keys(%{$v1})) != scalar(keys(%{$v2})) )
+    {
+        # $out=undef;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        $out=1;
+
+        my $key;
+        foreach $key (keys(%{$v1}))
+        {
+            if( !exists($v2->{$key}) ||
+                defined($v1->{$key}) ne defined($v2->{$key}) ||
+                ( defined($v1->{$key}) &&
+                  $v1->{$key} ne $v2->{$key} ) )
+            {
+               $out=undef;
+               last;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return $out;
+}
+
 
 package GITCVS::log;
 
@@ -2958,6 +3626,9 @@ sub new
 
     die "Git repo '$self->{git_path}' doesn't exist" unless ( -d $self->{git_path} );
 
+    # Stores full sha1's for various branch/tag names, abbreviations, etc:
+    $self->{commitRefCache} = {};
+
     $self->{dbdriver} = $cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{dbdriver} ||
         $cfg->{gitcvs}{dbdriver} || "SQLite";
     $self->{dbname} = $cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{dbname} ||
@@ -3140,6 +3811,8 @@ sub update
     my $lastcommit = $self->_get_prop("last_commit");
 
     if (defined $lastcommit && $lastcommit eq $commitsha1) { # up-to-date
+         # invalidate the gethead cache
+         $self->clearCommitRefCaches();
          return 1;
     }
 
@@ -3157,45 +3830,10 @@ sub update
         push @git_log_params, $self->{module};
     }
     # git-rev-list is the backend / plumbing version of git-log
-    open(GITLOG, '-|', 'git', 'rev-list', @git_log_params) or die "Cannot call git-rev-list: $!";
-
-    my @commits;
-
-    my %commit = ();
-
-    while ( <GITLOG> )
-    {
-        chomp;
-        if (m/^commit\s+(.*)$/) {
-            # on ^commit lines put the just seen commit in the stack
-            # and prime things for the next one
-            if (keys %commit) {
-                my %copy = %commit;
-                unshift @commits, \%copy;
-                %commit = ();
-            }
-            my @parents = split(m/\s+/, $1);
-            $commit{hash} = shift @parents;
-            $commit{parents} = \@parents;
-        } elsif (m/^(\w+?):\s+(.*)$/ && !exists($commit{message})) {
-            # on rfc822-like lines seen before we see any message,
-            # lowercase the entry and put it in the hash as key-value
-            $commit{lc($1)} = $2;
-        } else {
-            # message lines - skip initial empty line
-            # and trim whitespace
-            if (!exists($commit{message}) && m/^\s*$/) {
-                # define it to mark the end of headers
-                $commit{message} = '';
-                next;
-            }
-            s/^\s+//; s/\s+$//; # trim ws
-            $commit{message} .= $_ . "\n";
-        }
-    }
-    close GITLOG;
-
-    unshift @commits, \%commit if ( keys %commit );
+    open(my $gitLogPipe, '-|', 'git', 'rev-list', @git_log_params)
+                or die "Cannot call git-rev-list: $!";
+    my @commits=readCommits($gitLogPipe);
+    close $gitLogPipe;
 
     # Now all the commits are in the @commits bucket
     # ordered by time DESC. for each commit that needs processing,
@@ -3294,7 +3932,7 @@ sub update
         }
 
         # convert the date to CVS-happy format
-        $commit->{date} = "$2 $1 $4 $3 $5" if ( $commit->{date} =~ /^\w+\s+(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+:\d+:\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+([+-]\d+)$/ );
+        my $cvsDate = convertToCvsDate($commit->{date});
 
         if ( defined ( $lastpicked ) )
         {
@@ -3303,7 +3941,7 @@ sub update
             while ( <FILELIST> )
             {
 		chomp;
-                unless ( /^:\d{6}\s+\d{3}(\d)\d{2}\s+[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}\s+([a-zA-Z0-9]{40})\s+(\w)$/o )
+                unless ( /^:\d{6}\s+([0-7]{6})\s+[a-f0-9]{40}\s+([a-f0-9]{40})\s+(\w)$/o )
                 {
                     die("Couldn't process git-diff-tree line : $_");
                 }
@@ -3313,11 +3951,7 @@ sub update
 
                 # $log->debug("File mode=$mode, hash=$hash, change=$change, name=$name");
 
-                my $git_perms = "";
-                $git_perms .= "r" if ( $mode & 4 );
-                $git_perms .= "w" if ( $mode & 2 );
-                $git_perms .= "x" if ( $mode & 1 );
-                $git_perms = "rw" if ( $git_perms eq "" );
+                my $dbMode = convertToDbMode($mode);
 
                 if ( $change eq "D" )
                 {
@@ -3327,11 +3961,11 @@ sub update
                         revision => $head->{$name}{revision} + 1,
                         filehash => "deleted",
                         commithash => $commit->{hash},
-                        modified => $commit->{date},
+                        modified => $cvsDate,
                         author => $commit->{author},
-                        mode => $git_perms,
+                        mode => $dbMode,
                     };
-                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $git_perms);
+                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $cvsDate, $commit->{author}, $dbMode);
                 }
                 elsif ( $change eq "M" || $change eq "T" )
                 {
@@ -3341,11 +3975,11 @@ sub update
                         revision => $head->{$name}{revision} + 1,
                         filehash => $hash,
                         commithash => $commit->{hash},
-                        modified => $commit->{date},
+                        modified => $cvsDate,
                         author => $commit->{author},
-                        mode => $git_perms,
+                        mode => $dbMode,
                     };
-                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $git_perms);
+                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $cvsDate, $commit->{author}, $dbMode);
                 }
                 elsif ( $change eq "A" )
                 {
@@ -3355,11 +3989,11 @@ sub update
                         revision => $head->{$name}{revision} ? $head->{$name}{revision}+1 : 1,
                         filehash => $hash,
                         commithash => $commit->{hash},
-                        modified => $commit->{date},
+                        modified => $cvsDate,
                         author => $commit->{author},
-                        mode => $git_perms,
+                        mode => $dbMode,
                     };
-                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $git_perms);
+                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $cvsDate, $commit->{author}, $dbMode);
                 }
                 else
                 {
@@ -3382,7 +4016,7 @@ sub update
                     die("Couldn't process git-ls-tree line : $_");
                 }
 
-                my ( $git_perms, $git_type, $git_hash, $git_filename ) = ( $1, $2, $3, $4 );
+                my ( $mode, $git_type, $git_hash, $git_filename ) = ( $1, $2, $3, $4 );
 
                 $seen_files->{$git_filename} = 1;
 
@@ -3392,18 +4026,10 @@ sub update
                     $head->{$git_filename}{mode}
                 );
 
-                if ( $git_perms =~ /^\d\d\d(\d)\d\d/o )
-                {
-                    $git_perms = "";
-                    $git_perms .= "r" if ( $1 & 4 );
-                    $git_perms .= "w" if ( $1 & 2 );
-                    $git_perms .= "x" if ( $1 & 1 );
-                } else {
-                    $git_perms = "rw";
-                }
+                my $dbMode = convertToDbMode($mode);
 
                 # unless the file exists with the same hash, we need to update it ...
-                unless ( defined($oldhash) and $oldhash eq $git_hash and defined($oldmode) and $oldmode eq $git_perms )
+                unless ( defined($oldhash) and $oldhash eq $git_hash and defined($oldmode) and $oldmode eq $dbMode )
                 {
                     my $newrevision = ( $oldrevision or 0 ) + 1;
 
@@ -3412,13 +4038,13 @@ sub update
                         revision => $newrevision,
                         filehash => $git_hash,
                         commithash => $commit->{hash},
-                        modified => $commit->{date},
+                        modified => $cvsDate,
                         author => $commit->{author},
-                        mode => $git_perms,
+                        mode => $dbMode,
                     };
 
 
-                    $self->insert_rev($git_filename, $newrevision, $git_hash, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $git_perms);
+                    $self->insert_rev($git_filename, $newrevision, $git_hash, $commit->{hash}, $cvsDate, $commit->{author}, $dbMode);
                 }
             }
             close FILELIST;
@@ -3431,10 +4057,10 @@ sub update
                     $head->{$file}{revision}++;
                     $head->{$file}{filehash} = "deleted";
                     $head->{$file}{commithash} = $commit->{hash};
-                    $head->{$file}{modified} = $commit->{date};
+                    $head->{$file}{modified} = $cvsDate;
                     $head->{$file}{author} = $commit->{author};
 
-                    $self->insert_rev($file, $head->{$file}{revision}, $head->{$file}{filehash}, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $head->{$file}{mode});
+                    $self->insert_rev($file, $head->{$file}{revision}, $head->{$file}{filehash}, $commit->{hash}, $cvsDate, $commit->{author}, $head->{$file}{mode});
                 }
             }
             # END : "Detect deleted files"
@@ -3465,13 +4091,94 @@ sub update
         );
     }
     # invalidate the gethead cache
-    $self->{gethead_cache} = undef;
+    $self->clearCommitRefCaches();
 
 
     # Ending exclusive lock here
     $self->{dbh}->commit() or die "Failed to commit changes to SQLite";
 }
 
+sub readCommits
+{
+    my $pipeHandle = shift;
+    my @commits;
+
+    my %commit = ();
+
+    while ( <$pipeHandle> )
+    {
+        chomp;
+        if (m/^commit\s+(.*)$/) {
+            # on ^commit lines put the just seen commit in the stack
+            # and prime things for the next one
+            if (keys %commit) {
+                my %copy = %commit;
+                unshift @commits, \%copy;
+                %commit = ();
+            }
+            my @parents = split(m/\s+/, $1);
+            $commit{hash} = shift @parents;
+            $commit{parents} = \@parents;
+        } elsif (m/^(\w+?):\s+(.*)$/ && !exists($commit{message})) {
+            # on rfc822-like lines seen before we see any message,
+            # lowercase the entry and put it in the hash as key-value
+            $commit{lc($1)} = $2;
+        } else {
+            # message lines - skip initial empty line
+            # and trim whitespace
+            if (!exists($commit{message}) && m/^\s*$/) {
+                # define it to mark the end of headers
+                $commit{message} = '';
+                next;
+            }
+            s/^\s+//; s/\s+$//; # trim ws
+            $commit{message} .= $_ . "\n";
+        }
+    }
+
+    unshift @commits, \%commit if ( keys %commit );
+
+    return @commits;
+}
+
+sub convertToCvsDate
+{
+    my $date = shift;
+    # Convert from: "git rev-list --pretty" formatted date
+    # Convert to: "the format specified by RFC822 as modified by RFC1123."
+    # Example: 26 May 1997 13:01:40 -0400
+    if( $date =~ /^\w+\s+(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+:\d+:\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+([+-]\d+)$/ )
+    {
+        $date = "$2 $1 $4 $3 $5";
+    }
+
+    return $date;
+}
+
+sub convertToDbMode
+{
+    my $mode = shift;
+
+    # NOTE: The CVS protocol uses a string similar "u=rw,g=rw,o=rw",
+    #  but the database "mode" column historically (and currently)
+    #  only stores the "rw" (for user) part of the string.
+    #    FUTURE: It might make more sense to persist the raw
+    #  octal mode (or perhaps the final full CVS form) instead of
+    #  this half-converted form, but it isn't currently worth the
+    #  backwards compatibility headaches.
+
+    $mode=~/^\d\d(\d)\d{3}$/;
+    my $userBits=$1;
+
+    my $dbMode = "";
+    $dbMode .= "r" if ( $userBits & 4 );
+    $dbMode .= "w" if ( $userBits & 2 );
+    $dbMode .= "x" if ( $userBits & 1 );
+    $dbMode = "rw" if ( $dbMode eq "" );
+
+    return $dbMode;
+}
+
 sub insert_rev
 {
     my $self = shift;
@@ -3586,6 +4293,169 @@ sub gethead
     return $tree;
 }
 
+=head2 getAnyHead
+
+Returns a reference to an array of getmeta structures, one
+per file in the specified tree hash.
+
+=cut
+
+sub getAnyHead
+{
+    my ($self,$hash) = @_;
+
+    if(!defined($hash))
+    {
+        return $self->gethead();
+    }
+
+    my @files;
+    {
+        open(my $filePipe, '-|', 'git', 'ls-tree', '-z', '-r', $hash)
+                or die("Cannot call git-ls-tree : $!");
+        local $/ = "\0";
+        @files=<$filePipe>;
+        close $filePipe;
+    }
+
+    my $tree=[];
+    my($line);
+    foreach $line (@files)
+    {
+        $line=~s/\0$//;
+        unless ( $line=~/^(\d+)\s+(\w+)\s+([a-zA-Z0-9]+)\t(.*)$/o )
+        {
+            die("Couldn't process git-ls-tree line : $_");
+        }
+
+        my($mode, $git_type, $git_hash, $git_filename) = ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+        push @$tree, $self->getMetaFromCommithash($git_filename,$hash);
+    }
+
+    return $tree;
+}
+
+=head2 getRevisionDirMap
+
+A "revision dir map" contains all the plain-file filenames associated
+with a particular revision (treeish), organized by directory:
+
+  $type = $out->{$dir}{$fullName}
+
+The type of each is "F" (for ordinary file) or "D" (for directory,
+for which the map $out->{$fullName} will also exist).
+
+=cut
+
+sub getRevisionDirMap
+{
+    my ($self,$ver)=@_;
+
+    if(!defined($self->{revisionDirMapCache}))
+    {
+        $self->{revisionDirMapCache}={};
+    }
+
+        # Get file list (previously cached results are dependent on HEAD,
+        # but are early in each case):
+    my $cacheKey;
+    my (@fileList);
+    if( !defined($ver) || $ver eq "" )
+    {
+        $cacheKey="";
+        if( defined($self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey}) )
+        {
+            return $self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey};
+        }
+
+        my @head = @{$self->gethead()};
+        foreach my $file ( @head )
+        {
+            next if ( $file->{filehash} eq "deleted" );
+
+            push @fileList,$file->{name};
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        my ($hash)=$self->lookupCommitRef($ver);
+        if( !defined($hash) )
+        {
+            return undef;
+        }
+
+        $cacheKey=$hash;
+        if( defined($self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey}) )
+        {
+            return $self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey};
+        }
+
+        open(my $filePipe, '-|', 'git', 'ls-tree', '-z', '-r', $hash)
+                or die("Cannot call git-ls-tree : $!");
+        local $/ = "\0";
+        while ( <$filePipe> )
+        {
+            chomp;
+            unless ( /^(\d+)\s+(\w+)\s+([a-zA-Z0-9]+)\t(.*)$/o )
+            {
+                die("Couldn't process git-ls-tree line : $_");
+            }
+
+            my($mode, $git_type, $git_hash, $git_filename) = ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+
+            push @fileList, $git_filename;
+        }
+        close $filePipe;
+    }
+
+        # Convert to normalized form:
+    my %revMap;
+    my $file;
+    foreach $file (@fileList)
+    {
+        my($dir) = ($file=~m%^(?:(.*)/)?([^/]*)$%);
+        $dir='' if(!defined($dir));
+
+            # parent directories:
+            # ... create empty dir maps for parent dirs:
+        my($td)=$dir;
+        while(!defined($revMap{$td}))
+        {
+            $revMap{$td}={};
+
+            my($tp)=($td=~m%^(?:(.*)/)?([^/]*)$%);
+            $tp='' if(!defined($tp));
+            $td=$tp;
+        }
+            # ... add children to parent maps (now that they exist):
+        $td=$dir;
+        while($td ne "")
+        {
+            my($tp)=($td=~m%^(?:(.*)/)?([^/]*)$%);
+            $tp='' if(!defined($tp));
+
+            if(defined($revMap{$tp}{$td}))
+            {
+                if($revMap{$tp}{$td} ne 'D')
+                {
+                    die "Weird file/directory inconsistency in $cacheKey";
+                }
+                last;   # loop exit
+            }
+            $revMap{$tp}{$td}='D';
+
+            $td=$tp;
+        }
+
+            # file
+        $revMap{$dir}{$file}='F';
+    }
+
+        # Save in cache:
+    $self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey}=\%revMap;
+    return $self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey};
+}
+
 =head2 getlog
 
 See also gethistorydense().
@@ -3646,6 +4516,19 @@ sub getlog
 This function takes a filename (with path) argument and returns a hashref of
 metadata for that file.
 
+There are several ways $revision can be specified:
+
+   - A reference to hash that contains a "tag" that is the
+     actual revision (one of the below).  TODO: Also allow it to
+     specify a "date" in the hash.
+   - undef, to refer to the latest version on the main branch.
+   - Full CVS client revision number (mapped to integer in DB, without the
+     "1." prefix),
+   - Complex CVS-compatible "special" revision number for
+     non-linear history (see comment below)
+   - git commit sha1 hash
+   - branch or tag name
+
 =cut
 
 sub getmeta
@@ -3656,23 +4539,144 @@ sub getmeta
     my $tablename_rev = $self->tablename("revision");
     my $tablename_head = $self->tablename("head");
 
-    my $db_query;
-    if ( defined($revision) and $revision =~ /^1\.(\d+)$/ )
+    if ( ref($revision) eq "HASH" )
     {
-        my ($intRev) = $1;
-        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND revision=?",{},1);
-        $db_query->execute($filename, $intRev);
+        $revision = $revision->{tag};
     }
-    elsif ( defined($revision) and $revision =~ /^[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}$/ )
+
+    # Overview of CVS revision numbers:
+    #
+    # General CVS numbering scheme:
+    #   - Basic mainline branch numbers: "1.1", "1.2", "1.3", etc.
+    #   - Result of "cvs checkin -r" (possible, but not really
+    #     recommended): "2.1", "2.2", etc
+    #   - Branch tag: "1.2.0.n", where "1.2" is revision it was branched
+    #     from, "0" is a magic placeholder that identifies it as a
+    #     branch tag instead of a version tag, and n is 2 times the
+    #     branch number off of "1.2", starting with "2".
+    #   - Version on a branch: "1.2.n.x", where "1.2" is branch-from, "n"
+    #     is branch number off of "1.2" (like n above), and "x" is
+    #     the version number on the branch.
+    #   - Branches can branch off of branches: "1.3.2.7.4.1" (even number
+    #     of components).
+    #   - Odd "n"s are used by "vendor branches" that result
+    #     from "cvs import".  Vendor branches have additional
+    #     strangeness in the sense that the main rcs "head" of the main
+    #     branch will (temporarily until first normal commit) point
+    #     to the version on the vendor branch, rather than the actual
+    #     main branch.  (FUTURE: This may provide an opportunity
+    #     to use "strange" revision numbers for fast-forward-merged
+    #     branch tip when CVS client is asking for the main branch.)
+    #
+    # git-cvsserver CVS-compatible special numbering schemes:
+    #   - Currently git-cvsserver only tries to be identical to CVS for
+    #     simple "1.x" numbers on the "main" branch (as identified
+    #     by the module name that was originally cvs checkout'ed).
+    #   - The database only stores the "x" part, for historical reasons.
+    #     But most of the rest of the cvsserver preserves
+    #     and thinks using the full revision number.
+    #   - To handle non-linear history, it uses a version of the form
+    #     "2.1.1.2000.b.b.b."..., where the 2.1.1.2000 is to help uniquely
+    #     identify this as a special revision number, and there are
+    #     20 b's that together encode the sha1 git commit from which
+    #     this version of this file originated.  Each b is
+    #     the numerical value of the corresponding byte plus
+    #     100.
+    #      - "plus 100" avoids "0"s, and also reduces the
+    #        likelihood of a collision in the case that someone someday
+    #        writes an import tool that tries to preserve original
+    #        CVS revision numbers, and the original CVS data had done
+    #        lots of branches off of branches and other strangeness to
+    #        end up with a real version number that just happens to look
+    #        like this special revision number form.  Also, if needed
+    #        there are several ways to extend/identify alternative encodings
+    #        within the "2.1.1.2000" part if necessary.
+    #      - Unlike real CVS revisions, you can't really reconstruct what
+    #        relation a revision of this form has to other revisions.
+    #   - FUTURE: TODO: Rework database somehow to make up and remember
+    #     fully-CVS-compatible branches and branch version numbers.
+
+    my $meta;
+    if ( defined($revision) )
     {
-        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND commithash=?",{},1);
-        $db_query->execute($filename, $revision);
-    } else {
-        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM $tablename_head WHERE name=?",{},1);
+        if ( $revision =~ /^1\.(\d+)$/ )
+        {
+            my ($intRev) = $1;
+            my $db_query;
+            $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached(
+                "SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND revision=?",
+                {},1);
+            $db_query->execute($filename, $intRev);
+            $meta = $db_query->fetchrow_hashref;
+        }
+        elsif ( $revision =~ /^2\.1\.1\.2000(\.[1-3][0-9][0-9]){20}$/ )
+        {
+            my ($commitHash)=($revision=~/^2\.1\.1\.2000(.*)$/);
+            $commitHash=~s/\.([0-9]+)/sprintf("%02x",$1-100)/eg;
+            if($commitHash=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
+            {
+                return $self->getMetaFromCommithash($filename,$commitHash);
+            }
+
+            # error recovery: fall back on head version below
+            print "E Failed to find $filename version=$revision or commit=$commitHash\n";
+            $log->warning("failed get $revision with commithash=$commitHash");
+            undef $revision;
+        }
+        elsif ( $revision =~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/ )
+        {
+            # Try DB first.  This is mostly only useful for req_annotate(),
+            # which only calls this for stuff that should already be in
+            # the DB.  It is fairly likely to be a waste of time
+            # in most other cases [unless the file happened to be
+            # modified in $revision specifically], but
+            # it is probably in the noise compared to how long
+            # getMetaFromCommithash() will take.
+            my $db_query;
+            $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached(
+                "SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND commithash=?",
+                {},1);
+            $db_query->execute($filename, $revision);
+            $meta = $db_query->fetchrow_hashref;
+
+            if(! $meta)
+            {
+                my($revCommit)=$self->lookupCommitRef($revision);
+                if($revCommit=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
+                {
+                    return $self->getMetaFromCommithash($filename,$revCommit);
+                }
+
+                # error recovery: nothing found:
+                print "E Failed to find $filename version=$revision\n";
+                $log->warning("failed get $revision");
+                return $meta;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            my($revCommit)=$self->lookupCommitRef($revision);
+            if($revCommit=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
+            {
+                return $self->getMetaFromCommithash($filename,$revCommit);
+            }
+
+            # error recovery: fall back on head version below
+            print "E Failed to find $filename version=$revision\n";
+            $log->warning("failed get $revision");
+            undef $revision;  # Allow fallback
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(!defined($revision))
+    {
+        my $db_query;
+        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached(
+                "SELECT * FROM $tablename_head WHERE name=?",{},1);
         $db_query->execute($filename);
+        $meta = $db_query->fetchrow_hashref;
     }
 
-    my $meta = $db_query->fetchrow_hashref;
     if($meta)
     {
         $meta->{revision} = "1.$meta->{revision}";
@@ -3680,6 +4684,204 @@ sub getmeta
     return $meta;
 }
 
+sub getMetaFromCommithash
+{
+    my $self = shift;
+    my $filename = shift;
+    my $revCommit = shift;
+
+    # NOTE: This function doesn't scale well (lots of forks), especially
+    #   if you have many files that have not been modified for many commits
+    #   (each git-rev-parse redoes a lot of work for each file
+    #   that theoretically could be done in parallel by smarter
+    #   graph traversal).
+    #
+    # TODO: Possible optimization strategies:
+    #   - Solve the issue of assigning and remembering "real" CVS
+    #     revision numbers for branches, and ensure the
+    #     data structure can do this efficiently.  Perhaps something
+    #     similar to "git notes", and carefully structured to take
+    #     advantage same-sha1-is-same-contents, to roll the same
+    #     unmodified subdirectory data onto multiple commits?
+    #   - Write and use a C tool that is like git-blame, but
+    #     operates on multiple files with file granularity, instead
+    #     of one file with line granularity.  Cache
+    #     most-recently-modified in $self->{commitRefCache}{$revCommit}.
+    #     Try to be intelligent about how many files we do with
+    #     one fork (perhaps one directory at a time, without recursion,
+    #     and/or include directory as one line item, recurse from here
+    #     instead of in C tool?).
+    #   - Perhaps we could ask the DB for (filename,fileHash),
+    #     and just guess that it is correct (that the file hadn't
+    #     changed between $revCommit and the found commit, then
+    #     changed back, confusing anything trying to interpret
+    #     history).  Probably need to add another index to revisions
+    #     DB table for this.
+    #   - NOTE: Trying to store all (commit,file) keys in DB [to
+    #     find "lastModfiedCommit] (instead of
+    #     just files that changed in each commit as we do now) is
+    #     probably not practical from a disk space perspective.
+
+        # Does the file exist in $revCommit?
+    # TODO: Include file hash in dirmap cache.
+    my($dirMap)=$self->getRevisionDirMap($revCommit);
+    my($dir,$file)=($filename=~m%^(?:(.*)/)?([^/]*$)%);
+    if(!defined($dir))
+    {
+        $dir="";
+    }
+    if( !defined($dirMap->{$dir}) ||
+        !defined($dirMap->{$dir}{$filename}) )
+    {
+        my($fileHash)="deleted";
+
+        my($retVal)={};
+        $retVal->{name}=$filename;
+        $retVal->{filehash}=$fileHash;
+
+            # not needed and difficult to compute:
+        $retVal->{revision}="0";  # $revision;
+        $retVal->{commithash}=$revCommit;
+        #$retVal->{author}=$commit->{author};
+        #$retVal->{modified}=convertToCvsDate($commit->{date});
+        #$retVal->{mode}=convertToDbMode($mode);
+
+        return $retVal;
+    }
+
+    my($fileHash)=safe_pipe_capture("git","rev-parse","$revCommit:$filename");
+    chomp $fileHash;
+    if(!($fileHash=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/))
+    {
+        die "Invalid fileHash '$fileHash' looking up"
+                    ." '$revCommit:$filename'\n";
+    }
+
+    # information about most recent commit to modify $filename:
+    open(my $gitLogPipe, '-|', 'git', 'rev-list',
+         '--max-count=1', '--pretty', '--parents',
+         $revCommit, '--', $filename)
+                or die "Cannot call git-rev-list: $!";
+    my @commits=readCommits($gitLogPipe);
+    close $gitLogPipe;
+    if(scalar(@commits)!=1)
+    {
+        die "Can't find most recent commit changing $filename\n";
+    }
+    my($commit)=$commits[0];
+    if( !defined($commit) || !defined($commit->{hash}) )
+    {
+        return undef;
+    }
+
+    # does this (commit,file) have a real assigned CVS revision number?
+    my $tablename_rev = $self->tablename("revision");
+    my $db_query;
+    $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached(
+        "SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND commithash=?",
+        {},1);
+    $db_query->execute($filename, $commit->{hash});
+    my($meta)=$db_query->fetchrow_hashref;
+    if($meta)
+    {
+        $meta->{revision} = "1.$meta->{revision}";
+        return $meta;
+    }
+
+    # fall back on special revision number
+    my($revision)=$commit->{hash};
+    $revision=~s/(..)/'.' . (hex($1)+100)/eg;
+    $revision="2.1.1.2000$revision";
+
+    # meta data about $filename:
+    open(my $filePipe, '-|', 'git', 'ls-tree', '-z',
+                $commit->{hash}, '--', $filename)
+            or die("Cannot call git-ls-tree : $!");
+    local $/ = "\0";
+    my $line;
+    $line=<$filePipe>;
+    if(defined(<$filePipe>))
+    {
+        die "Expected only a single file for git-ls-tree $filename\n";
+    }
+    close $filePipe;
+
+    chomp $line;
+    unless ( $line=~m/^(\d+)\s+(\w+)\s+([a-zA-Z0-9]+)\t(.*)$/o )
+    {
+        die("Couldn't process git-ls-tree line : $line\n");
+    }
+    my ( $mode, $git_type, $git_hash, $git_filename ) = ( $1, $2, $3, $4 );
+
+    # save result:
+    my($retVal)={};
+    $retVal->{name}=$filename;
+    $retVal->{revision}=$revision;
+    $retVal->{filehash}=$fileHash;
+    $retVal->{commithash}=$revCommit;
+    $retVal->{author}=$commit->{author};
+    $retVal->{modified}=convertToCvsDate($commit->{date});
+    $retVal->{mode}=convertToDbMode($mode);
+
+    return $retVal;
+}
+
+=head2 lookupCommitRef
+
+Convert tag/branch/abbreviation/etc into a commit sha1 hash.  Caches
+the result so looking it up again is fast.
+
+=cut
+
+sub lookupCommitRef
+{
+    my $self = shift;
+    my $ref = shift;
+
+    my $commitHash = $self->{commitRefCache}{$ref};
+    if(defined($commitHash))
+    {
+        return $commitHash;
+    }
+
+    $commitHash=safe_pipe_capture("git","rev-parse","--verify","--quiet",
+                                  $self->unescapeRefName($ref));
+    $commitHash=~s/\s*$//;
+    if(!($commitHash=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/))
+    {
+        $commitHash=undef;
+    }
+
+    if( defined($commitHash) )
+    {
+        my $type=safe_pipe_capture("git","cat-file","-t",$commitHash);
+        if( ! ($type=~/^commit\s*$/ ) )
+        {
+            $commitHash=undef;
+        }
+    }
+    if(defined($commitHash))
+    {
+        $self->{commitRefCache}{$ref}=$commitHash;
+    }
+    return $commitHash;
+}
+
+=head2 clearCommitRefCaches
+
+Clears cached commit cache (sha1's for various tags/abbeviations/etc),
+and related caches.
+
+=cut
+
+sub clearCommitRefCaches
+{
+    my $self = shift;
+    $self->{commitRefCache} = {};
+    $self->{revisionDirMapCache} = undef;
+    $self->{gethead_cache} = undef;
+}
+
 =head2 commitmessage
 
 this function takes a commithash and returns the commit message for that commit
@@ -3745,6 +4947,97 @@ sub gethistorydense
     return $result;
 }
 
+=head2 escapeRefName
+
+Apply an escape mechanism to compensate for characters that
+git ref names can have that CVS tags can not.
+
+=cut
+sub escapeRefName
+{
+    my($self,$refName)=@_;
+
+    # CVS officially only allows [-_A-Za-z0-9] in tag names (or in
+    # many contexts it can also be a CVS revision number).
+    #
+    # Git tags commonly use '/' and '.' as well, but also handle
+    # anything else just in case:
+    #
+    #   = "_-s-"  For '/'.
+    #   = "_-p-"  For '.'.
+    #   = "_-u-"  For underscore, in case someone wants a literal "_-" in
+    #     a tag name.
+    #   = "_-xx-" Where "xx" is the hexadecimal representation of the
+    #     desired ASCII character byte. (for anything else)
+
+    if(! $refName=~/^[1-9][0-9]*(\.[1-9][0-9]*)*$/)
+    {
+        $refName=~s/_-/_-u--/g;
+        $refName=~s/\./_-p-/g;
+        $refName=~s%/%_-s-%g;
+        $refName=~s/[^-_a-zA-Z0-9]/sprintf("_-%02x-",$1)/eg;
+    }
+}
+
+=head2 unescapeRefName
+
+Undo an escape mechanism to compensate for characters that
+git ref names can have that CVS tags can not.
+
+=cut
+sub unescapeRefName
+{
+    my($self,$refName)=@_;
+
+    # see escapeRefName() for description of escape mechanism.
+
+    $refName=~s/_-([spu]|[0-9a-f][0-9a-f])-/unescapeRefNameChar($1)/eg;
+
+    # allowed tag names
+    # TODO: Perhaps use git check-ref-format, with an in-process cache of
+    #  validated names?
+    if( !( $refName=~m%^[^-][-a-zA-Z0-9_/.]*$% ) ||
+        ( $refName=~m%[/.]$% ) ||
+        ( $refName=~/\.lock$/ ) ||
+        ( $refName=~m%\.\.|/\.|[[\\:?*~]|\@\{% ) )  # matching }
+    {
+        # Error:
+        $log->warn("illegal refName: $refName");
+        $refName=undef;
+    }
+    return $refName;
+}
+
+sub unescapeRefNameChar
+{
+    my($char)=@_;
+
+    if($char eq "s")
+    {
+        $char="/";
+    }
+    elsif($char eq "p")
+    {
+        $char=".";
+    }
+    elsif($char eq "u")
+    {
+        $char="_";
+    }
+    elsif($char=~/^[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]$/)
+    {
+        $char=chr(hex($char));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        # Error case: Maybe it has come straight from user, and
+        # wasn't supposed to be escaped?  Restore it the way we got it:
+        $char="_-$char-";
+    }
+
+    return $char;
+}
+
 =head2 in_array()
 
 from Array::PAT - mimics the in_array() function
diff --git a/git-difftool.perl b/git-difftool.perl
index edd0493..8a75205 100755
--- a/git-difftool.perl
+++ b/git-difftool.perl
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@
 use 5.008;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
+use Error qw(:try);
 use File::Basename qw(dirname);
 use File::Copy;
-use File::Compare;
 use File::Find;
 use File::stat;
 use File::Path qw(mkpath rmtree);
@@ -59,57 +59,16 @@ sub find_worktree
 	return $worktree;
 }
 
-sub filter_tool_scripts
-{
-	my ($tools) = @_;
-	if (-d $_) {
-		if ($_ ne ".") {
-			# Ignore files in subdirectories
-			$File::Find::prune = 1;
-		}
-	} else {
-		if ((-f $_) && ($_ ne "defaults")) {
-			push(@$tools, $_);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 sub print_tool_help
 {
-	my ($cmd, @found, @notfound, @tools);
-	my $gitpath = Git::exec_path();
-
-	find(sub { filter_tool_scripts(\@tools) }, "$gitpath/mergetools");
-
-	foreach my $tool (@tools) {
-		$cmd  = "TOOL_MODE=diff";
-		$cmd .= ' && . "$(git --exec-path)/git-mergetool--lib"';
-		$cmd .= " && get_merge_tool_path $tool >/dev/null 2>&1";
-		$cmd .= " && can_diff >/dev/null 2>&1";
-		if (system('sh', '-c', $cmd) == 0) {
-			push(@found, $tool);
-		} else {
-			push(@notfound, $tool);
-		}
-	}
-
-	print << 'EOF';
-'git difftool --tool=<tool>' may be set to one of the following:
-EOF
-	print "\t$_\n" for (sort(@found));
-
-	print << 'EOF';
+	my $cmd = 'TOOL_MODE=diff';
+	$cmd .= ' && . "$(git --exec-path)/git-mergetool--lib"';
+	$cmd .= ' && show_tool_help';
 
-The following tools are valid, but not currently available:
-EOF
-	print "\t$_\n" for (sort(@notfound));
-
-	print << 'EOF';
-
-NOTE: Some of the tools listed above only work in a windowed
-environment. If run in a terminal-only session, they will fail.
-EOF
-	exit(0);
+	# See the comment at the bottom of file_diff() for the reason behind
+	# using system() followed by exit() instead of exec().
+	my $rc = system('sh', '-c', $cmd);
+	exit($rc | ($rc >> 8));
 }
 
 sub exit_cleanup
@@ -124,6 +83,58 @@ sub exit_cleanup
 	exit($status | ($status >> 8));
 }
 
+sub use_wt_file
+{
+	my ($repo, $workdir, $file, $sha1, $symlinks) = @_;
+	my $null_sha1 = '0' x 40;
+
+	if ($sha1 ne $null_sha1 and not $symlinks) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (! -e "$workdir/$file") {
+		# If the file doesn't exist in the working tree, we cannot
+		# use it.
+		return (0, $null_sha1);
+	}
+
+	my $wt_sha1 = $repo->command_oneline('hash-object', "$workdir/$file");
+	my $use = ($sha1 eq $null_sha1) || ($sha1 eq $wt_sha1);
+	return ($use, $wt_sha1);
+}
+
+sub changed_files
+{
+	my ($repo_path, $index, $worktree) = @_;
+	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $index;
+	$ENV{GIT_WORK_TREE} = $worktree;
+	my $must_unset_git_dir = 0;
+	if (not defined($ENV{GIT_DIR})) {
+		$must_unset_git_dir = 1;
+		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $repo_path;
+	}
+
+	my @refreshargs = qw/update-index --really-refresh -q --unmerged/;
+	my @gitargs = qw/diff-files --name-only -z/;
+	try {
+		Git::command_oneline(@refreshargs);
+	} catch Git::Error::Command with {};
+
+	my $line = Git::command_oneline(@gitargs);
+	my @files;
+	if (defined $line) {
+		@files = split('\0', $line);
+	} else {
+		@files = ();
+	}
+
+	delete($ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE});
+	delete($ENV{GIT_WORK_TREE});
+	delete($ENV{GIT_DIR}) if ($must_unset_git_dir);
+
+	return map { $_ => 1 } @files;
+}
+
 sub setup_dir_diff
 {
 	my ($repo, $workdir, $symlinks) = @_;
@@ -147,6 +158,7 @@ sub setup_dir_diff
 	my $null_sha1 = '0' x 40;
 	my $lindex = '';
 	my $rindex = '';
+	my $wtindex = '';
 	my %submodule;
 	my %symlink;
 	my @working_tree = ();
@@ -200,10 +212,14 @@ EOF
 		}
 
 		if ($rmode ne $null_mode) {
-			if ($rsha1 ne $null_sha1) {
-				$rindex .= "$rmode $rsha1\t$dst_path\0";
+			my ($use, $wt_sha1) = use_wt_file($repo, $workdir,
+							  $dst_path, $rsha1,
+							  $symlinks);
+			if ($use) {
+				push @working_tree, $dst_path;
+				$wtindex .= "$rmode $wt_sha1\t$dst_path\0";
 			} else {
-				push(@working_tree, $dst_path);
+				$rindex .= "$rmode $rsha1\t$dst_path\0";
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -244,13 +260,21 @@ EOF
 	$rc = system('git', 'checkout-index', '--all', "--prefix=$rdir/");
 	exit_cleanup($tmpdir, $rc) if $rc != 0;
 
+	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = "$tmpdir/wtindex";
+	($inpipe, $ctx) =
+		$repo->command_input_pipe(qw(update-index --info-only -z --index-info));
+	print($inpipe $wtindex);
+	$repo->command_close_pipe($inpipe, $ctx);
+
 	# If $GIT_DIR was explicitly set just for the update/checkout
 	# commands, then it should be unset before continuing.
 	delete($ENV{GIT_DIR}) if ($must_unset_git_dir);
 	delete($ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE});
 
 	# Changes in the working tree need special treatment since they are
-	# not part of the index
+	# not part of the index. Remove any trailing slash from $workdir
+	# before starting to avoid double slashes in symlink targets.
+	$workdir =~ s|/$||;
 	for my $file (@working_tree) {
 		my $dir = dirname($file);
 		unless (-d "$rdir/$dir") {
@@ -377,7 +401,7 @@ sub main
 	}
 	if ($opts{gui}) {
 		my $guitool = Git::config('diff.guitool');
-		if (length($guitool) > 0) {
+		if (defined($guitool) && length($guitool) > 0) {
 			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = $guitool;
 		}
 	}
@@ -414,19 +438,34 @@ sub dir_diff
 	# should be copied back to the working tree.
 	# Do not copy back files when symlinks are used and the
 	# external tool did not replace the original link with a file.
+	#
+	# These hashes are loaded lazily since they aren't needed
+	# in the common case of --symlinks and the difftool updating
+	# files through the symlink.
+	my %wt_modified;
+	my %tmp_modified;
+	my $indices_loaded = 0;
+
 	for my $file (@worktree) {
 		next if $symlinks && -l "$b/$file";
 		next if ! -f "$b/$file";
 
-		my $diff = compare("$b/$file", "$workdir/$file");
-		if ($diff == 0) {
-			next;
-		} elsif ($diff == -1) {
-			my $errmsg = "warning: Could not compare ";
-			$errmsg += "'$b/$file' with '$workdir/$file'\n";
+		if (!$indices_loaded) {
+			%wt_modified = changed_files($repo->repo_path(),
+				"$tmpdir/wtindex", "$workdir");
+			%tmp_modified = changed_files($repo->repo_path(),
+				"$tmpdir/wtindex", "$b");
+			$indices_loaded = 1;
+		}
+
+		if (exists $wt_modified{$file} and exists $tmp_modified{$file}) {
+			my $errmsg = "warning: Both files modified: ";
+			$errmsg .= "'$workdir/$file' and '$b/$file'.\n";
+			$errmsg .= "warning: Working tree file has been left.\n";
+			$errmsg .= "warning:\n";
 			warn $errmsg;
 			$error = 1;
-		} elsif ($diff == 1) {
+		} elsif (exists $tmp_modified{$file}) {
 			my $mode = stat("$b/$file")->mode;
 			copy("$b/$file", "$workdir/$file") or
 			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
diff --git a/git-filter-branch.sh b/git-filter-branch.sh
index 5314249..ac2a005 100755
--- a/git-filter-branch.sh
+++ b/git-filter-branch.sh
@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ t)
 	test -d "$tempdir" &&
 		die "$tempdir already exists, please remove it"
 esac
+orig_dir=$(pwd)
 mkdir -p "$tempdir/t" &&
 tempdir="$(cd "$tempdir"; pwd)" &&
 cd "$tempdir/t" &&
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ workdir="$(pwd)" ||
 die ""
 
 # Remove tempdir on exit
-trap 'cd ../..; rm -rf "$tempdir"' 0
+trap 'cd "$orig_dir"; rm -rf "$tempdir"' 0
 
 ORIG_GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR"
 ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE="$GIT_WORK_TREE"
@@ -469,7 +470,7 @@ if [ "$filter_tag_name" ]; then
 	done
 fi
 
-cd ../..
+cd "$orig_dir"
 rm -rf "$tempdir"
 
 trap - 0
diff --git a/git-merge-one-file.sh b/git-merge-one-file.sh
index f612cb8..07dfeb8 100755
--- a/git-merge-one-file.sh
+++ b/git-merge-one-file.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 USAGE='<orig blob> <our blob> <their blob> <path>'
 USAGE="$USAGE <orig mode> <our mode> <their mode>"
-LONG_USAGE="Usage: git merge-one-file $USAGE
+LONG_USAGE="usage: git merge-one-file $USAGE
 
 Blob ids and modes should be empty for missing files."
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 cd_to_toplevel
 require_work_tree
 
-if ! test "$#" -eq 7
+if test $# != 7
 then
 	echo "$LONG_USAGE"
 	exit 1
@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 # Deleted in both or deleted in one and unchanged in the other
 #
 "$1.." | "$1.$1" | "$1$1.")
-	if [ "$2" ]; then
+	if test -n "$2"
+	then
 		echo "Removing $4"
 	else
 		# read-tree checked that index matches HEAD already,
@@ -48,7 +49,8 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 		# we do not have it in the index, though.
 		exec git update-index --remove -- "$4"
 	fi
-	if test -f "$4"; then
+	if test -f "$4"
+	then
 		rm -f -- "$4" &&
 		rmdir -p "$(expr "z$4" : 'z\(.*\)/')" 2>/dev/null || :
 	fi &&
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 	echo "Adding $4"
 	if test -f "$4"
 	then
-		echo "ERROR: untracked $4 is overwritten by the merge."
+		echo "ERROR: untracked $4 is overwritten by the merge." >&2
 		exit 1
 	fi
 	git update-index --add --cacheinfo "$7" "$3" "$4" &&
@@ -78,9 +80,10 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 # Added in both, identically (check for same permissions).
 #
 ".$3$2")
-	if [ "$6" != "$7" ]; then
-		echo "ERROR: File $4 added identically in both branches,"
-		echo "ERROR: but permissions conflict $6->$7."
+	if test "$6" != "$7"
+	then
+		echo "ERROR: File $4 added identically in both branches," >&2
+		echo "ERROR: but permissions conflict $6->$7." >&2
 		exit 1
 	fi
 	echo "Adding $4"
@@ -95,44 +98,36 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 
 	case ",$6,$7," in
 	*,120000,*)
-		echo "ERROR: $4: Not merging symbolic link changes."
+		echo "ERROR: $4: Not merging symbolic link changes." >&2
 		exit 1
 		;;
 	*,160000,*)
-		echo "ERROR: $4: Not merging conflicting submodule changes."
+		echo "ERROR: $4: Not merging conflicting submodule changes." >&2
 		exit 1
 		;;
 	esac
 
-	src2=`git-unpack-file $3`
+	src1=$(git-unpack-file $2)
+	src2=$(git-unpack-file $3)
 	case "$1" in
 	'')
 		echo "Added $4 in both, but differently."
-		# This extracts OUR file in $orig, and uses git apply to
-		# remove lines that are unique to ours.
-		orig=`git-unpack-file $2`
-		sz0=`wc -c <"$orig"`
-		@@DIFF@@ -u -La/$orig -Lb/$orig $orig $src2 | git apply --no-add
-		sz1=`wc -c <"$orig"`
-
-		# If we do not have enough common material, it is not
-		# worth trying two-file merge using common subsections.
-		expr $sz0 \< $sz1 \* 2 >/dev/null || : >$orig
+		orig=$(git-unpack-file $2)
+		create_virtual_base "$orig" "$src2"
 		;;
 	*)
 		echo "Auto-merging $4"
-		orig=`git-unpack-file $1`
+		orig=$(git-unpack-file $1)
 		;;
 	esac
 
-	# Be careful for funny filename such as "-L" in "$4", which
-	# would confuse "merge" greatly.
-	src1=`git-unpack-file $2`
 	git merge-file "$src1" "$orig" "$src2"
 	ret=$?
 	msg=
-	if [ $ret -ne 0 ]; then
+	if test $ret != 0 || test -z "$1"
+	then
 		msg='content conflict'
+		ret=1
 	fi
 
 	# Create the working tree file, using "our tree" version from the
@@ -140,26 +135,26 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 	git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$4" && cat "$src1" >"$4" || exit 1
 	rm -f -- "$orig" "$src1" "$src2"
 
-	if [ "$6" != "$7" ]; then
-		if [ -n "$msg" ]; then
+	if test "$6" != "$7"
+	then
+		if test -n "$msg"
+		then
 			msg="$msg, "
 		fi
 		msg="${msg}permissions conflict: $5->$6,$7"
 		ret=1
 	fi
-	if [ "$1" = '' ]; then
-		ret=1
-	fi
 
-	if [ $ret -ne 0 ]; then
-		echo "ERROR: $msg in $4"
+	if test $ret != 0
+	then
+		echo "ERROR: $msg in $4" >&2
 		exit 1
 	fi
 	exec git update-index -- "$4"
 	;;
 
 *)
-	echo "ERROR: $4: Not handling case $1 -> $2 -> $3"
+	echo "ERROR: $4: Not handling case $1 -> $2 -> $3" >&2
 	;;
 esac
 exit 1
diff --git a/git-mergetool--lib.sh b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
index f013a03..e338be5 100644
--- a/git-mergetool--lib.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,83 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # git-mergetool--lib is a library for common merge tool functions
+
+: ${MERGE_TOOLS_DIR=$(git --exec-path)/mergetools}
+
+mode_ok () {
+	if diff_mode
+	then
+		can_diff
+	elif merge_mode
+	then
+		can_merge
+	else
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+is_available () {
+	merge_tool_path=$(translate_merge_tool_path "$1") &&
+	type "$merge_tool_path" >/dev/null 2>&1
+}
+
+list_config_tools () {
+	section=$1
+	line_prefix=${2:-}
+
+	git config --get-regexp $section'\..*\.cmd' |
+	while read -r key value
+	do
+		toolname=${key#$section.}
+		toolname=${toolname%.cmd}
+
+		printf "%s%s\n" "$line_prefix" "$toolname"
+	done
+}
+
+show_tool_names () {
+	condition=${1:-true} per_line_prefix=${2:-} preamble=${3:-}
+	not_found_msg=${4:-}
+	extra_content=${5:-}
+
+	shown_any=
+	( cd "$MERGE_TOOLS_DIR" && ls ) | {
+		while read toolname
+		do
+			if setup_tool "$toolname" 2>/dev/null &&
+				(eval "$condition" "$toolname")
+			then
+				if test -n "$preamble"
+				then
+					printf "%s\n" "$preamble"
+					preamble=
+				fi
+				shown_any=yes
+				printf "%s%s\n" "$per_line_prefix" "$toolname"
+			fi
+		done
+
+		if test -n "$extra_content"
+		then
+			if test -n "$preamble"
+			then
+				# Note: no '\n' here since we don't want a
+				# blank line if there is no initial content.
+				printf "%s" "$preamble"
+				preamble=
+			fi
+			shown_any=yes
+			printf "\n%s\n" "$extra_content"
+		fi
+
+		if test -n "$preamble" && test -n "$not_found_msg"
+		then
+			printf "%s\n" "$not_found_msg"
+		fi
+
+		test -n "$shown_any"
+	}
+}
+
 diff_mode() {
 	test "$TOOL_MODE" = diff
 }
@@ -30,61 +108,70 @@ check_unchanged () {
 	fi
 }
 
-valid_tool_config () {
-	if test -n "$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"
-	then
-		return 0
-	else
-		return 1
-	fi
-}
-
 valid_tool () {
-	setup_tool "$1" || valid_tool_config "$1"
+	setup_tool "$1" && return 0
+	cmd=$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")
+	test -n "$cmd"
 }
 
 setup_tool () {
-	case "$1" in
-	vim*|gvim*)
-		tool=vim
-		;;
-	*)
-		tool="$1"
-		;;
-	esac
-	mergetools="$(git --exec-path)/mergetools"
+	tool="$1"
+
+	# Fallback definitions, to be overriden by tools.
+	can_merge () {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	can_diff () {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	diff_cmd () {
+		status=1
+		return $status
+	}
 
-	# Load the default definitions
-	. "$mergetools/defaults"
-	if ! test -f "$mergetools/$tool"
+	merge_cmd () {
+		status=1
+		return $status
+	}
+
+	translate_merge_tool_path () {
+		echo "$1"
+	}
+
+	if ! test -f "$MERGE_TOOLS_DIR/$tool"
 	then
-		return 1
+		# Use a special return code for this case since we want to
+		# source "defaults" even when an explicit tool path is
+		# configured since the user can use that to override the
+		# default path in the scriptlet.
+		return 2
 	fi
 
 	# Load the redefined functions
-	. "$mergetools/$tool"
+	. "$MERGE_TOOLS_DIR/$tool"
 
 	if merge_mode && ! can_merge
 	then
 		echo "error: '$tool' can not be used to resolve merges" >&2
-		exit 1
+		return 1
 	elif diff_mode && ! can_diff
 	then
 		echo "error: '$tool' can only be used to resolve merges" >&2
-		exit 1
+		return 1
 	fi
 	return 0
 }
 
 get_merge_tool_cmd () {
-	# Prints the custom command for a merge tool
 	merge_tool="$1"
 	if diff_mode
 	then
-		echo "$(git config difftool.$merge_tool.cmd ||
-			git config mergetool.$merge_tool.cmd)"
+		git config "difftool.$merge_tool.cmd" ||
+		git config "mergetool.$merge_tool.cmd"
 	else
-		echo "$(git config mergetool.$merge_tool.cmd)"
+		git config "mergetool.$merge_tool.cmd"
 	fi
 }
 
@@ -95,12 +182,25 @@ run_merge_tool () {
 	GIT_PREFIX=${GIT_PREFIX:-.}
 	export GIT_PREFIX
 
-	merge_tool_path="$(get_merge_tool_path "$1")" || exit
+	merge_tool_path=$(get_merge_tool_path "$1") || exit
 	base_present="$2"
 	status=0
 
 	# Bring tool-specific functions into scope
 	setup_tool "$1"
+	exitcode=$?
+	case $exitcode in
+	0)
+		:
+		;;
+	2)
+		# The configured tool is not a built-in tool.
+		test -n "$merge_tool_path" || return 1
+		;;
+	*)
+		return $exitcode
+		;;
+	esac
 
 	if merge_mode
 	then
@@ -113,7 +213,7 @@ run_merge_tool () {
 
 # Run a either a configured or built-in diff tool
 run_diff_cmd () {
-	merge_tool_cmd="$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"
+	merge_tool_cmd=$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")
 	if test -n "$merge_tool_cmd"
 	then
 		( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
@@ -126,11 +226,11 @@ run_diff_cmd () {
 
 # Run a either a configured or built-in merge tool
 run_merge_cmd () {
-	merge_tool_cmd="$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"
+	merge_tool_cmd=$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")
 	if test -n "$merge_tool_cmd"
 	then
-		trust_exit_code="$(git config --bool \
-			mergetool."$1".trustExitCode || echo false)"
+		trust_exit_code=$(git config --bool \
+			"mergetool.$1.trustExitCode" || echo false)
 		if test "$trust_exit_code" = "false"
 		then
 			touch "$BACKUP"
@@ -174,22 +274,61 @@ list_merge_tool_candidates () {
 	esac
 }
 
+show_tool_help () {
+	tool_opt="'git ${TOOL_MODE}tool --tool-<tool>'"
+
+	tab='	'
+	LF='
+'
+	any_shown=no
+
+	cmd_name=${TOOL_MODE}tool
+	config_tools=$({
+		diff_mode && list_config_tools difftool "$tab$tab"
+		list_config_tools mergetool "$tab$tab"
+	} | sort)
+	extra_content=
+	if test -n "$config_tools"
+	then
+		extra_content="${tab}user-defined:${LF}$config_tools"
+	fi
+
+	show_tool_names 'mode_ok && is_available' "$tab$tab" \
+		"$tool_opt may be set to one of the following:" \
+		"No suitable tool for 'git $cmd_name --tool=<tool>' found." \
+		"$extra_content" &&
+		any_shown=yes
+
+	show_tool_names 'mode_ok && ! is_available' "$tab$tab" \
+		"${LF}The following tools are valid, but not currently available:" &&
+		any_shown=yes
+
+	if test "$any_shown" = yes
+	then
+		echo
+		echo "Some of the tools listed above only work in a windowed"
+		echo "environment. If run in a terminal-only session, they will fail."
+	fi
+	exit 0
+}
+
 guess_merge_tool () {
 	list_merge_tool_candidates
-	echo >&2 "merge tool candidates: $tools"
+	cat >&2 <<-EOF
+
+	This message is displayed because '$TOOL_MODE.tool' is not configured.
+	See 'git ${TOOL_MODE}tool --tool-help' or 'git help config' for more details.
+	'git ${TOOL_MODE}tool' will now attempt to use one of the following tools:
+	$tools
+	EOF
 
 	# Loop over each candidate and stop when a valid merge tool is found.
-	for i in $tools
+	for tool in $tools
 	do
-		merge_tool_path="$(translate_merge_tool_path "$i")"
-		if type "$merge_tool_path" >/dev/null 2>&1
-		then
-			echo "$i"
-			return 0
-		fi
+		is_available "$tool" && echo "$tool" && return 0
 	done
 
-	echo >&2 "No known merge resolution program available."
+	echo >&2 "No known ${TOOL_MODE} tool is available."
 	return 1
 }
 
@@ -228,7 +367,7 @@ get_merge_tool_path () {
 	fi
 	if test -z "$merge_tool_path"
 	then
-		merge_tool_path="$(translate_merge_tool_path "$merge_tool")"
+		merge_tool_path=$(translate_merge_tool_path "$merge_tool")
 	fi
 	if test -z "$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$merge_tool")" &&
 		! type "$merge_tool_path" >/dev/null 2>&1
@@ -242,11 +381,11 @@ get_merge_tool_path () {
 
 get_merge_tool () {
 	# Check if a merge tool has been configured
-	merge_tool="$(get_configured_merge_tool)"
+	merge_tool=$(get_configured_merge_tool)
 	# Try to guess an appropriate merge tool if no tool has been set.
 	if test -z "$merge_tool"
 	then
-		merge_tool="$(guess_merge_tool)" || exit
+		merge_tool=$(guess_merge_tool) || exit
 	fi
 	echo "$merge_tool"
 }
diff --git a/git-mergetool.sh b/git-mergetool.sh
index 012afa5..332528f 100755
--- a/git-mergetool.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool.sh
@@ -315,43 +315,6 @@ merge_file () {
 	return 0
 }
 
-show_tool_help () {
-	TOOL_MODE=merge
-	list_merge_tool_candidates
-	unavailable= available= LF='
-'
-	for i in $tools
-	do
-		merge_tool_path=$(translate_merge_tool_path "$i")
-		if type "$merge_tool_path" >/dev/null 2>&1
-		then
-			available="$available$i$LF"
-		else
-			unavailable="$unavailable$i$LF"
-		fi
-	done
-	if test -n "$available"
-	then
-		echo "'git mergetool --tool=<tool>' may be set to one of the following:"
-		echo "$available" | sort | sed -e 's/^/	/'
-	else
-		echo "No suitable tool for 'git mergetool --tool=<tool>' found."
-	fi
-	if test -n "$unavailable"
-	then
-		echo
-		echo 'The following tools are valid, but not currently available:'
-		echo "$unavailable" | sort | sed -e 's/^/	/'
-	fi
-	if test -n "$unavailable$available"
-	then
-		echo
-		echo "Some of the tools listed above only work in a windowed"
-		echo "environment. If run in a terminal-only session, they will fail."
-	fi
-	exit 0
-}
-
 prompt=$(git config --bool mergetool.prompt || echo true)
 
 while test $# != 0
diff --git a/git-p4.py b/git-p4.py
index 0682e61..911bbce 100755
--- a/git-p4.py
+++ b/git-p4.py
@@ -7,10 +7,21 @@
 #            2007 Trolltech ASA
 # License: MIT <http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php>
 #
-
-import optparse, sys, os, marshal, subprocess, shelve
-import tempfile, getopt, os.path, time, platform
-import re, shutil
+import sys
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02040000:
+    # The limiter is the subprocess module
+    sys.stderr.write("git-p4: requires Python 2.4 or later.\n")
+    sys.exit(1)
+import os
+import optparse
+import marshal
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+import time
+import platform
+import re
+import shutil
+import stat
 
 try:
     from subprocess import CalledProcessError
@@ -68,12 +79,27 @@ def p4_build_cmd(cmd):
         real_cmd += cmd
     return real_cmd
 
-def chdir(dir):
-    # P4 uses the PWD environment variable rather than getcwd(). Since we're
-    # not using the shell, we have to set it ourselves.  This path could
-    # be relative, so go there first, then figure out where we ended up.
-    os.chdir(dir)
-    os.environ['PWD'] = os.getcwd()
+def chdir(path, is_client_path=False):
+    """Do chdir to the given path, and set the PWD environment
+       variable for use by P4.  It does not look at getcwd() output.
+       Since we're not using the shell, it is necessary to set the
+       PWD environment variable explicitly.
+
+       Normally, expand the path to force it to be absolute.  This
+       addresses the use of relative path names inside P4 settings,
+       e.g. P4CONFIG=.p4config.  P4 does not simply open the filename
+       as given; it looks for .p4config using PWD.
+
+       If is_client_path, the path was handed to us directly by p4,
+       and may be a symbolic link.  Do not call os.getcwd() in this
+       case, because it will cause p4 to think that PWD is not inside
+       the client path.
+       """
+
+    os.chdir(path)
+    if not is_client_path:
+        path = os.getcwd()
+    os.environ['PWD'] = path
 
 def die(msg):
     if verbose:
@@ -179,6 +205,22 @@ def p4_system(cmd):
     if retcode:
         raise CalledProcessError(retcode, real_cmd)
 
+_p4_version_string = None
+def p4_version_string():
+    """Read the version string, showing just the last line, which
+       hopefully is the interesting version bit.
+
+       $ p4 -V
+       Perforce - The Fast Software Configuration Management System.
+       Copyright 1995-2011 Perforce Software.  All rights reserved.
+       Rev. P4/NTX86/2011.1/393975 (2011/12/16).
+    """
+    global _p4_version_string
+    if not _p4_version_string:
+        a = p4_read_pipe_lines(["-V"])
+        _p4_version_string = a[-1].rstrip()
+    return _p4_version_string
+
 def p4_integrate(src, dest):
     p4_system(["integrate", "-Dt", wildcard_encode(src), wildcard_encode(dest)])
 
@@ -552,43 +594,75 @@ def gitBranchExists(branch):
     return proc.wait() == 0;
 
 _gitConfig = {}
-def gitConfig(key, args = None): # set args to "--bool", for instance
+
+def gitConfig(key):
+    if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
+        cmd = [ "git", "config", key ]
+        s = read_pipe(cmd, ignore_error=True)
+        _gitConfig[key] = s.strip()
+    return _gitConfig[key]
+
+def gitConfigBool(key):
+    """Return a bool, using git config --bool.  It is True only if the
+       variable is set to true, and False if set to false or not present
+       in the config."""
+
     if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
-        argsFilter = ""
-        if args != None:
-            argsFilter = "%s " % args
-        cmd = "git config %s%s" % (argsFilter, key)
-        _gitConfig[key] = read_pipe(cmd, ignore_error=True).strip()
+        cmd = [ "git", "config", "--bool", key ]
+        s = read_pipe(cmd, ignore_error=True)
+        v = s.strip()
+        _gitConfig[key] = v == "true"
     return _gitConfig[key]
 
 def gitConfigList(key):
     if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
-        _gitConfig[key] = read_pipe("git config --get-all %s" % key, ignore_error=True).strip().split(os.linesep)
+        s = read_pipe(["git", "config", "--get-all", key], ignore_error=True)
+        _gitConfig[key] = s.strip().split(os.linesep)
     return _gitConfig[key]
 
-def p4BranchesInGit(branchesAreInRemotes = True):
+def p4BranchesInGit(branchesAreInRemotes=True):
+    """Find all the branches whose names start with "p4/", looking
+       in remotes or heads as specified by the argument.  Return
+       a dictionary of { branch: revision } for each one found.
+       The branch names are the short names, without any
+       "p4/" prefix."""
+
     branches = {}
 
     cmdline = "git rev-parse --symbolic "
     if branchesAreInRemotes:
-        cmdline += " --remotes"
+        cmdline += "--remotes"
     else:
-        cmdline += " --branches"
+        cmdline += "--branches"
 
     for line in read_pipe_lines(cmdline):
         line = line.strip()
 
-        ## only import to p4/
-        if not line.startswith('p4/') or line == "p4/HEAD":
+        # only import to p4/
+        if not line.startswith('p4/'):
+            continue
+        # special symbolic ref to p4/master
+        if line == "p4/HEAD":
             continue
-        branch = line
 
-        # strip off p4
-        branch = re.sub ("^p4/", "", line)
+        # strip off p4/ prefix
+        branch = line[len("p4/"):]
 
         branches[branch] = parseRevision(line)
+
     return branches
 
+def branch_exists(branch):
+    """Make sure that the given ref name really exists."""
+
+    cmd = [ "git", "rev-parse", "--symbolic", "--verify", branch ]
+    p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+    out, _ = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode:
+        return False
+    # expect exactly one line of output: the branch name
+    return out.rstrip() == branch
+
 def findUpstreamBranchPoint(head = "HEAD"):
     branches = p4BranchesInGit()
     # map from depot-path to branch name
@@ -690,8 +764,7 @@ def p4PathStartsWith(path, prefix):
     #
     # we may or may not have a problem. If you have core.ignorecase=true,
     # we treat DirA and dira as the same directory
-    ignorecase = gitConfig("core.ignorecase", "--bool") == "true"
-    if ignorecase:
+    if gitConfigBool("core.ignorecase"):
         return path.lower().startswith(prefix.lower())
     return path.startswith(prefix)
 
@@ -921,19 +994,21 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                 optparse.make_option("--dry-run", "-n", dest="dry_run", action="store_true"),
                 optparse.make_option("--prepare-p4-only", dest="prepare_p4_only", action="store_true"),
                 optparse.make_option("--conflict", dest="conflict_behavior",
-                                     choices=self.conflict_behavior_choices)
+                                     choices=self.conflict_behavior_choices),
+                optparse.make_option("--branch", dest="branch"),
         ]
         self.description = "Submit changes from git to the perforce depot."
         self.usage += " [name of git branch to submit into perforce depot]"
         self.origin = ""
         self.detectRenames = False
-        self.preserveUser = gitConfig("git-p4.preserveUser").lower() == "true"
+        self.preserveUser = gitConfigBool("git-p4.preserveUser")
         self.dry_run = False
         self.prepare_p4_only = False
         self.conflict_behavior = None
         self.isWindows = (platform.system() == "Windows")
         self.exportLabels = False
         self.p4HasMoveCommand = p4_has_move_command()
+        self.branch = None
 
     def check(self):
         if len(p4CmdList("opened ...")) > 0:
@@ -1021,7 +1096,8 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
     def p4UserForCommit(self,id):
         # Return the tuple (perforce user,git email) for a given git commit id
         self.getUserMapFromPerforceServer()
-        gitEmail = read_pipe("git log --max-count=1 --format='%%ae' %s" % id)
+        gitEmail = read_pipe(["git", "log", "--max-count=1",
+                              "--format=%ae", id])
         gitEmail = gitEmail.strip()
         if not self.emails.has_key(gitEmail):
             return (None,gitEmail)
@@ -1034,7 +1110,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
             (user,email) = self.p4UserForCommit(id)
             if not user:
                 msg = "Cannot find p4 user for email %s in commit %s." % (email, id)
-                if gitConfig('git-p4.allowMissingP4Users').lower() == "true":
+                if gitConfigBool("git-p4.allowMissingP4Users"):
                     print "%s" % msg
                 else:
                     die("Error: %s\nSet git-p4.allowMissingP4Users to true to allow this." % msg)
@@ -1129,7 +1205,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
            message.  Return true if okay to continue with the submit."""
 
         # if configured to skip the editing part, just submit
-        if gitConfig("git-p4.skipSubmitEdit") == "true":
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.skipSubmitEdit"):
             return True
 
         # look at the modification time, to check later if the user saved
@@ -1145,7 +1221,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
 
         # If the file was not saved, prompt to see if this patch should
         # be skipped.  But skip this verification step if configured so.
-        if gitConfig("git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck") == "true":
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck"):
             return True
 
         # modification time updated means user saved the file
@@ -1203,6 +1279,9 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                     p4_edit(dest)
                     pureRenameCopy.discard(dest)
                     filesToChangeExecBit[dest] = diff['dst_mode']
+                if self.isWindows:
+                    # turn off read-only attribute
+                    os.chmod(dest, stat.S_IWRITE)
                 os.unlink(dest)
                 editedFiles.add(dest)
             elif modifier == "R":
@@ -1221,6 +1300,8 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                         p4_edit(dest)   # with move: already open, writable
                     filesToChangeExecBit[dest] = diff['dst_mode']
                 if not self.p4HasMoveCommand:
+                    if self.isWindows:
+                        os.chmod(dest, stat.S_IWRITE)
                     os.unlink(dest)
                     filesToDelete.add(src)
                 editedFiles.add(dest)
@@ -1240,7 +1321,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
 
             # Patch failed, maybe it's just RCS keyword woes. Look through
             # the patch to see if that's possible.
-            if gitConfig("git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup","--bool") == "true":
+            if gitConfigBool("git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup"):
                 file = None
                 pattern = None
                 kwfiles = {}
@@ -1261,6 +1342,10 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                 for file in kwfiles:
                     if verbose:
                         print "zapping %s with %s" % (line,pattern)
+                    # File is being deleted, so not open in p4.  Must
+                    # disable the read-only bit on windows.
+                    if self.isWindows and file not in editedFiles:
+                        os.chmod(file, stat.S_IWRITE)
                     self.patchRCSKeywords(file, kwfiles[file])
                     fixed_rcs_keywords = True
 
@@ -1531,7 +1616,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
             sys.exit(128)
 
         self.useClientSpec = False
-        if gitConfig("git-p4.useclientspec", "--bool") == "true":
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.useclientspec"):
             self.useClientSpec = True
         if self.useClientSpec:
             self.clientSpecDirs = getClientSpec()
@@ -1554,7 +1639,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
             new_client_dir = True
             os.makedirs(self.clientPath)
 
-        chdir(self.clientPath)
+        chdir(self.clientPath, is_client_path=True)
         if self.dry_run:
             print "Would synchronize p4 checkout in %s" % self.clientPath
         else:
@@ -1567,11 +1652,11 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         self.check()
 
         commits = []
-        for line in read_pipe_lines("git rev-list --no-merges %s..%s" % (self.origin, self.master)):
+        for line in read_pipe_lines(["git", "rev-list", "--no-merges", "%s..%s" % (self.origin, self.master)]):
             commits.append(line.strip())
         commits.reverse()
 
-        if self.preserveUser or (gitConfig("git-p4.skipUserNameCheck") == "true"):
+        if self.preserveUser or gitConfigBool("git-p4.skipUserNameCheck"):
             self.checkAuthorship = False
         else:
             self.checkAuthorship = True
@@ -1607,7 +1692,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
         else:
             self.diffOpts += " -C%s" % detectCopies
 
-        if gitConfig("git-p4.detectCopiesHarder", "--bool") == "true":
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.detectCopiesHarder"):
             self.diffOpts += " --find-copies-harder"
 
         #
@@ -1670,6 +1755,8 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
             print "All commits applied!"
 
             sync = P4Sync()
+            if self.branch:
+                sync.branch = self.branch
             sync.run([])
 
             rebase = P4Rebase()
@@ -1689,7 +1776,7 @@ class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
                                            "--format=format:%h %s",  c])
                 print "You will have to do 'git p4 sync' and rebase."
 
-        if gitConfig("git-p4.exportLabels", "--bool") == "true":
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.exportLabels"):
             self.exportLabels = True
 
         if self.exportLabels:
@@ -1959,7 +2046,6 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         self.syncWithOrigin = True
         self.importIntoRemotes = True
         self.maxChanges = ""
-        self.isWindows = (platform.system() == "Windows")
         self.keepRepoPath = False
         self.depotPaths = None
         self.p4BranchesInGit = []
@@ -2104,7 +2190,14 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             # operations.  utf16 is converted to ascii or utf8, perhaps.
             # But ascii text saved as -t utf16 is completely mangled.
             # Invoke print -o to get the real contents.
+            #
+            # On windows, the newlines will always be mangled by print, so put
+            # them back too.  This is not needed to the cygwin windows version,
+            # just the native "NT" type.
+            #
             text = p4_read_pipe(['print', '-q', '-o', '-', file['depotFile']])
+            if p4_version_string().find("/NT") >= 0:
+                text = text.replace("\r\n", "\n")
             contents = [ text ]
 
         if type_base == "apple":
@@ -2120,15 +2213,6 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             print "\nIgnoring apple filetype file %s" % file['depotFile']
             return
 
-        # Perhaps windows wants unicode, utf16 newlines translated too;
-        # but this is not doing it.
-        if self.isWindows and type_base == "text":
-            mangled = []
-            for data in contents:
-                data = data.replace("\r\n", "\n")
-                mangled.append(data)
-            contents = mangled
-
         # Note that we do not try to de-mangle keywords on utf16 files,
         # even though in theory somebody may want that.
         pattern = p4_keywords_regexp_for_type(type_base, type_mods)
@@ -2523,13 +2607,6 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                 branch = branch[len(self.projectName):]
             self.knownBranches[branch] = branch
 
-    def listExistingP4GitBranches(self):
-        # branches holds mapping from name to commit
-        branches = p4BranchesInGit(self.importIntoRemotes)
-        self.p4BranchesInGit = branches.keys()
-        for branch in branches.keys():
-            self.initialParents[self.refPrefix + branch] = branches[branch]
-
     def updateOptionDict(self, d):
         option_keys = {}
         if self.keepRepoPath:
@@ -2613,7 +2690,8 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
     def searchParent(self, parent, branch, target):
         parentFound = False
-        for blob in read_pipe_lines(["git", "rev-list", "--reverse", "--no-merges", parent]):
+        for blob in read_pipe_lines(["git", "rev-list", "--reverse",
+                                     "--no-merges", parent]):
             blob = blob.strip()
             if len(read_pipe(["git", "diff-tree", blob, target])) == 0:
                 parentFound = True
@@ -2684,7 +2762,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
                         blob = None
                         if len(parent) > 0:
-                            tempBranch = os.path.join(self.tempBranchLocation, "%d" % (change))
+                            tempBranch = "%s/%d" % (self.tempBranchLocation, change)
                             if self.verbose:
                                 print "Creating temporary branch: " + tempBranch
                             self.commit(description, filesForCommit, tempBranch)
@@ -2701,6 +2779,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                     files = self.extractFilesFromCommit(description)
                     self.commit(description, files, self.branch,
                                 self.initialParent)
+                    # only needed once, to connect to the previous commit
                     self.initialParent = ""
             except IOError:
                 print self.gitError.read()
@@ -2766,41 +2845,38 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
     def run(self, args):
         self.depotPaths = []
         self.changeRange = ""
-        self.initialParent = ""
         self.previousDepotPaths = []
+        self.hasOrigin = False
 
         # map from branch depot path to parent branch
         self.knownBranches = {}
         self.initialParents = {}
-        self.hasOrigin = originP4BranchesExist()
-        if not self.syncWithOrigin:
-            self.hasOrigin = False
 
         if self.importIntoRemotes:
             self.refPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/"
         else:
             self.refPrefix = "refs/heads/p4/"
 
-        if self.syncWithOrigin and self.hasOrigin:
-            if not self.silent:
-                print "Syncing with origin first by calling git fetch origin"
-            system("git fetch origin")
+        if self.syncWithOrigin:
+            self.hasOrigin = originP4BranchesExist()
+            if self.hasOrigin:
+                if not self.silent:
+                    print 'Syncing with origin first, using "git fetch origin"'
+                system("git fetch origin")
 
+        branch_arg_given = bool(self.branch)
         if len(self.branch) == 0:
             self.branch = self.refPrefix + "master"
             if gitBranchExists("refs/heads/p4") and self.importIntoRemotes:
                 system("git update-ref %s refs/heads/p4" % self.branch)
-                system("git branch -D p4");
-            # create it /after/ importing, when master exists
-            if not gitBranchExists(self.refPrefix + "HEAD") and self.importIntoRemotes and gitBranchExists(self.branch):
-                system("git symbolic-ref %sHEAD %s" % (self.refPrefix, self.branch))
+                system("git branch -D p4")
 
         # accept either the command-line option, or the configuration variable
         if self.useClientSpec:
             # will use this after clone to set the variable
             self.useClientSpec_from_options = True
         else:
-            if gitConfig("git-p4.useclientspec", "--bool") == "true":
+            if gitConfigBool("git-p4.useclientspec"):
                 self.useClientSpec = True
         if self.useClientSpec:
             self.clientSpecDirs = getClientSpec()
@@ -2810,12 +2886,25 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
         if args == []:
             if self.hasOrigin:
                 createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin(self.refPrefix, self.silent)
-            self.listExistingP4GitBranches()
+
+            # branches holds mapping from branch name to sha1
+            branches = p4BranchesInGit(self.importIntoRemotes)
+
+            # restrict to just this one, disabling detect-branches
+            if branch_arg_given:
+                short = self.branch.split("/")[-1]
+                if short in branches:
+                    self.p4BranchesInGit = [ short ]
+            else:
+                self.p4BranchesInGit = branches.keys()
 
             if len(self.p4BranchesInGit) > 1:
                 if not self.silent:
                     print "Importing from/into multiple branches"
                 self.detectBranches = True
+                for branch in branches.keys():
+                    self.initialParents[self.refPrefix + branch] = \
+                        branches[branch]
 
             if self.verbose:
                 print "branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit
@@ -2852,13 +2941,21 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             if p4Change > 0:
                 self.depotPaths = sorted(self.previousDepotPaths)
                 self.changeRange = "@%s,#head" % p4Change
-                if not self.detectBranches:
-                    self.initialParent = parseRevision(self.branch)
                 if not self.silent and not self.detectBranches:
                     print "Performing incremental import into %s git branch" % self.branch
 
+        # accept multiple ref name abbreviations:
+        #    refs/foo/bar/branch -> use it exactly
+        #    p4/branch -> prepend refs/remotes/ or refs/heads/
+        #    branch -> prepend refs/remotes/p4/ or refs/heads/p4/
         if not self.branch.startswith("refs/"):
-            self.branch = "refs/heads/" + self.branch
+            if self.importIntoRemotes:
+                prepend = "refs/remotes/"
+            else:
+                prepend = "refs/heads/"
+            if not self.branch.startswith("p4/"):
+                prepend += "p4/"
+            self.branch = prepend + self.branch
 
         if len(args) == 0 and self.depotPaths:
             if not self.silent:
@@ -2969,8 +3066,21 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
             else:
                 # catch "git p4 sync" with no new branches, in a repo that
                 # does not have any existing p4 branches
-                if len(args) == 0 and not self.p4BranchesInGit:
-                    die("No remote p4 branches.  Perhaps you never did \"git p4 clone\" in here.");
+                if len(args) == 0:
+                    if not self.p4BranchesInGit:
+                        die("No remote p4 branches.  Perhaps you never did \"git p4 clone\" in here.")
+
+                    # The default branch is master, unless --branch is used to
+                    # specify something else.  Make sure it exists, or complain
+                    # nicely about how to use --branch.
+                    if not self.detectBranches:
+                        if not branch_exists(self.branch):
+                            if branch_arg_given:
+                                die("Error: branch %s does not exist." % self.branch)
+                            else:
+                                die("Error: no branch %s; perhaps specify one with --branch." %
+                                    self.branch)
+
                 if self.verbose:
                     print "Getting p4 changes for %s...%s" % (', '.join(self.depotPaths),
                                                               self.changeRange)
@@ -2988,6 +3098,14 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
 
                 self.updatedBranches = set()
 
+                if not self.detectBranches:
+                    if args:
+                        # start a new branch
+                        self.initialParent = ""
+                    else:
+                        # build on a previous revision
+                        self.initialParent = parseRevision(self.branch)
+
                 self.importChanges(changes)
 
                 if not self.silent:
@@ -2998,7 +3116,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                             sys.stdout.write("%s " % b)
                         sys.stdout.write("\n")
 
-        if gitConfig("git-p4.importLabels", "--bool") == "true":
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.importLabels"):
             self.importLabels = True
 
         if self.importLabels:
@@ -3020,6 +3138,13 @@ class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
                 read_pipe("git update-ref -d %s" % branch)
             os.rmdir(os.path.join(os.environ.get("GIT_DIR", ".git"), self.tempBranchLocation))
 
+        # Create a symbolic ref p4/HEAD pointing to p4/<branch> to allow
+        # a convenient shortcut refname "p4".
+        if self.importIntoRemotes:
+            head_ref = self.refPrefix + "HEAD"
+            if not gitBranchExists(head_ref) and gitBranchExists(self.branch):
+                system(["git", "symbolic-ref", head_ref, self.branch])
+
         return True
 
 class P4Rebase(Command):
@@ -3109,6 +3234,7 @@ class P4Clone(P4Sync):
         self.cloneExclude = ["/"+p for p in self.cloneExclude]
         for p in depotPaths:
             if not p.startswith("//"):
+                sys.stderr.write('Depot paths must start with "//": %s\n' % p)
                 return False
 
         if not self.cloneDestination:
@@ -3129,17 +3255,15 @@ class P4Clone(P4Sync):
 
         if not P4Sync.run(self, depotPaths):
             return False
-        if self.branch != "master":
-            if self.importIntoRemotes:
-                masterbranch = "refs/remotes/p4/master"
-            else:
-                masterbranch = "refs/heads/p4/master"
-            if gitBranchExists(masterbranch):
-                system("git branch master %s" % masterbranch)
-                if not self.cloneBare:
-                    system("git checkout -f")
-            else:
-                print "Could not detect main branch. No checkout/master branch created."
+
+        # create a master branch and check out a work tree
+        if gitBranchExists(self.branch):
+            system([ "git", "branch", "master", self.branch ])
+            if not self.cloneBare:
+                system([ "git", "checkout", "-f" ])
+        else:
+            print 'Not checking out any branch, use ' \
+                  '"git checkout -q -b master <branch>"'
 
         # auto-set this variable if invoked with --use-client-spec
         if self.useClientSpec_from_options:
diff --git a/git-pull.sh b/git-pull.sh
index 266e682..638aabb 100755
--- a/git-pull.sh
+++ b/git-pull.sh
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" || die_conflict
 test -f "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD" && die_merge
 
 strategy_args= diffstat= no_commit= squash= no_ff= ff_only=
-log_arg= verbosity= progress= recurse_submodules=
+log_arg= verbosity= progress= recurse_submodules= verify_signatures=
 merge_args= edit=
 curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
 curr_branch_short="${curr_branch#refs/heads/}"
@@ -125,6 +125,12 @@ do
 	--no-recurse-submodules)
 		recurse_submodules=--no-recurse-submodules
 		;;
+	--verify-signatures)
+		verify_signatures=--verify-signatures
+		;;
+	--no-verify-signatures)
+		verify_signatures=--no-verify-signatures
+		;;
 	--d|--dr|--dry|--dry-|--dry-r|--dry-ru|--dry-run)
 		dry_run=--dry-run
 		;;
@@ -279,11 +285,11 @@ fi
 merge_name=$(git fmt-merge-msg $log_arg <"$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD") || exit
 case "$rebase" in
 true)
-	eval="git-rebase $diffstat $strategy_args $merge_args"
+	eval="git-rebase $diffstat $strategy_args $merge_args $verbosity"
 	eval="$eval --onto $merge_head ${oldremoteref:-$merge_head}"
 	;;
 *)
-	eval="git-merge $diffstat $no_commit $edit $squash $no_ff $ff_only"
+	eval="git-merge $diffstat $no_commit $verify_signatures $edit $squash $no_ff $ff_only"
 	eval="$eval  $log_arg $strategy_args $merge_args $verbosity $progress"
 	eval="$eval \"\$merge_name\" HEAD $merge_head"
 	;;
diff --git a/git-quiltimport.sh b/git-quiltimport.sh
index 9a6ba2b..8e17525 100755
--- a/git-quiltimport.sh
+++ b/git-quiltimport.sh
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ tmp_patch="$tmp_dir/patch"
 tmp_info="$tmp_dir/info"
 
 
-# Find the intial commit
+# Find the initial commit
 commit=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
 
 mkdir $tmp_dir || exit 2
diff --git a/git-rebase--am.sh b/git-rebase--am.sh
index 392ebc9..f84854f 100644
--- a/git-rebase--am.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--am.sh
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ esac
 
 test -n "$rebase_root" && root_flag=--root
 
+ret=0
 if test -n "$keep_empty"
 then
 	# we have to do this the hard way.  git format-patch completely squashes
@@ -25,13 +26,49 @@ then
 	# itself well to recording empty patches.  fortunately, cherry-pick
 	# makes this easy
 	git cherry-pick --allow-empty "$revisions"
+	ret=$?
 else
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+
 	git format-patch -k --stdout --full-index --ignore-if-in-upstream \
-		--src-prefix=a/ --dst-prefix=b/ \
-		--no-renames $root_flag "$revisions" |
-	git am $git_am_opt --rebasing --resolvemsg="$resolvemsg"
-fi && move_to_original_branch
-
-ret=$?
-test 0 != $ret -a -d "$state_dir" && write_basic_state
-exit $ret
+		--src-prefix=a/ --dst-prefix=b/ --no-renames --no-cover-letter \
+		$root_flag "$revisions" >"$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+	ret=$?
+
+	if test 0 != $ret
+	then
+		rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+		case "$head_name" in
+		refs/heads/*)
+			git checkout -q "$head_name"
+			;;
+		*)
+			git checkout -q "$orig_head"
+			;;
+		esac
+
+		cat >&2 <<-EOF
+
+		git encountered an error while preparing the patches to replay
+		these revisions:
+
+		    $revisions
+
+		As a result, git cannot rebase them.
+		EOF
+		exit $?
+	fi
+
+	git am $git_am_opt --rebasing --resolvemsg="$resolvemsg" <"$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+	ret=$?
+
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+fi
+
+if test 0 != $ret
+then
+	test -d "$state_dir" && write_basic_state
+	exit $ret
+fi
+
+move_to_original_branch
diff --git a/git-rebase--interactive.sh b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
index 8ed7fcc..5822b2c 100644
--- a/git-rebase--interactive.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
@@ -57,6 +57,9 @@ rewritten="$state_dir"/rewritten
 
 dropped="$state_dir"/dropped
 
+end="$state_dir"/end
+msgnum="$state_dir"/msgnum
+
 # A script to set the GIT_AUTHOR_NAME, GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, and
 # GIT_AUTHOR_DATE that will be used for the commit that is currently
 # being rebased.
@@ -80,6 +83,9 @@ rewritten_pending="$state_dir"/rewritten-pending
 GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP="$resolvemsg"
 export GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP
 
+comment_char=$(git config --get core.commentchar 2>/dev/null | cut -c1)
+: ${comment_char:=#}
+
 warn () {
 	printf '%s\n' "$*" >&2
 }
@@ -105,8 +111,10 @@ mark_action_done () {
 	sed -e 1q < "$todo" >> "$done"
 	sed -e 1d < "$todo" >> "$todo".new
 	mv -f "$todo".new "$todo"
-	new_count=$(sane_grep -c '^[^#]' < "$done")
-	total=$(($new_count+$(sane_grep -c '^[^#]' < "$todo")))
+	new_count=$(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$done" | wc -l)
+	echo $new_count >"$msgnum"
+	total=$(($new_count + $(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" | wc -l)))
+	echo $total >"$end"
 	if test "$last_count" != "$new_count"
 	then
 		last_count=$new_count
@@ -116,19 +124,19 @@ mark_action_done () {
 }
 
 append_todo_help () {
-	cat >> "$todo" << EOF
-#
-# Commands:
-#  p, pick = use commit
-#  r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message
-#  e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending
-#  s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit
-#  f, fixup = like "squash", but discard this commit's log message
-#  x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
-#
-# These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.
-#
-# If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.
+	git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo" <<\EOF
+
+Commands:
+ p, pick = use commit
+ r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message
+ e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending
+ s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit
+ f, fixup = like "squash", but discard this commit's log message
+ x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
+
+These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.
+
+If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.
 EOF
 }
 
@@ -179,7 +187,7 @@ die_abort () {
 }
 
 has_action () {
-	sane_grep '^[^#]' "$1" >/dev/null
+	test -n "$(git stripspace --strip-comments <"$1")"
 }
 
 is_empty_commit() {
@@ -363,10 +371,10 @@ update_squash_messages () {
 	if test -f "$squash_msg"; then
 		mv "$squash_msg" "$squash_msg".bak || exit
 		count=$(($(sed -n \
-			-e "1s/^# This is a combination of \(.*\) commits\./\1/p" \
+			-e "1s/^. This is a combination of \(.*\) commits\./\1/p" \
 			-e "q" < "$squash_msg".bak)+1))
 		{
-			echo "# This is a combination of $count commits."
+			printf '%s\n' "$comment_char This is a combination of $count commits."
 			sed -e 1d -e '2,/^./{
 				/^$/d
 			}' <"$squash_msg".bak
@@ -375,8 +383,8 @@ update_squash_messages () {
 		commit_message HEAD > "$fixup_msg" || die "Cannot write $fixup_msg"
 		count=2
 		{
-			echo "# This is a combination of 2 commits."
-			echo "# The first commit's message is:"
+			printf '%s\n' "$comment_char This is a combination of 2 commits."
+			printf '%s\n' "$comment_char The first commit's message is:"
 			echo
 			cat "$fixup_msg"
 		} >"$squash_msg"
@@ -385,21 +393,22 @@ update_squash_messages () {
 	squash)
 		rm -f "$fixup_msg"
 		echo
-		echo "# This is the $(nth_string $count) commit message:"
+		printf '%s\n' "$comment_char This is the $(nth_string $count) commit message:"
 		echo
 		commit_message $2
 		;;
 	fixup)
 		echo
-		echo "# The $(nth_string $count) commit message will be skipped:"
+		printf '%s\n' "$comment_char The $(nth_string $count) commit message will be skipped:"
 		echo
-		commit_message $2 | sed -e 's/^/#	/'
+		# Change the space after the comment character to TAB:
+		commit_message $2 | git stripspace --comment-lines | sed -e 's/ /	/'
 		;;
 	esac >>"$squash_msg"
 }
 
 peek_next_command () {
-	sed -n -e "/^#/d" -e '/^$/d' -e "s/ .*//p" -e "q" < "$todo"
+	git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" | sed -n -e 's/ .*//p' -e q
 }
 
 # A squash/fixup has failed.  Prepare the long version of the squash
@@ -464,7 +473,7 @@ do_next () {
 	rm -f "$msg" "$author_script" "$amend" || exit
 	read -r command sha1 rest < "$todo"
 	case "$command" in
-	'#'*|''|noop)
+	"$comment_char"*|''|noop)
 		mark_action_done
 		;;
 	pick|p)
@@ -803,15 +812,15 @@ skip)
 	do_rest
 	;;
 edit-todo)
-	sed -e '/^#/d' < "$todo" > "$todo".new
+	git stripspace --strip-comments <"$todo" >"$todo".new
 	mv -f "$todo".new "$todo"
 	append_todo_help
-	cat >> "$todo" << EOF
-#
-# You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.
-# To continue rebase after editing, run:
-#     git rebase --continue
-#
+	git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo" <<\EOF
+
+You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.
+To continue rebase after editing, run:
+    git rebase --continue
+
 EOF
 
 	git_sequence_editor "$todo" ||
@@ -881,7 +890,7 @@ do
 
 	if test -z "$keep_empty" && is_empty_commit $shortsha1 && ! is_merge_commit $shortsha1
 	then
-		comment_out="# "
+		comment_out="$comment_char "
 	else
 		comment_out=
 	fi
@@ -942,20 +951,20 @@ test -s "$todo" || echo noop >> "$todo"
 test -n "$autosquash" && rearrange_squash "$todo"
 test -n "$cmd" && add_exec_commands "$todo"
 
-cat >> "$todo" << EOF
+cat >>"$todo" <<EOF
 
-# Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto
+$comment_char Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto
 EOF
 append_todo_help
-cat >> "$todo" << EOF
-#
-# However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.
-#
+git stripspace --comment-lines >>"$todo" <<\EOF
+
+However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.
+
 EOF
 
 if test -z "$keep_empty"
 then
-	echo "# Note that empty commits are commented out" >>"$todo"
+	printf '%s\n' "$comment_char Note that empty commits are commented out" >>"$todo"
 fi
 
 
diff --git a/git-rebase.sh b/git-rebase.sh
index b2f1c76..2c692c3 100755
--- a/git-rebase.sh
+++ b/git-rebase.sh
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ case "$#" in
 		head_name="detached HEAD"
 		branch_name=HEAD ;# detached
 	fi
-	orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify "${branch_name}^0") || exit
+	orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) || exit
 	;;
 *)
 	die "BUG: unexpected number of arguments left to parse"
diff --git a/git-relink.perl b/git-relink.perl
index f29285c..236a352 100755
--- a/git-relink.perl
+++ b/git-relink.perl
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ sub link_two_files($$) {
 
 
 sub usage() {
-	print("Usage: git relink [--safe] <dir>... <master_dir> \n");
+	print("usage: git relink [--safe] <dir>... <master_dir> \n");
 	print("All directories should contain a .git/objects/ subdirectory.\n");
 	print("Options\n");
 	print("\t--safe\t" .
diff --git a/git-remote-testgit.sh b/git-remote-testgit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..2109070
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-remote-testgit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+
+alias=$1
+url=$2
+
+dir="$GIT_DIR/testgit/$alias"
+prefix="refs/testgit/$alias"
+
+default_refspec="refs/heads/*:${prefix}/heads/*"
+
+refspec="${GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC-$default_refspec}"
+
+test -z "$refspec" && prefix="refs"
+
+export GIT_DIR="$url/.git"
+
+mkdir -p "$dir"
+
+if test -z "$GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_NO_MARKS"
+then
+	gitmarks="$dir/git.marks"
+	testgitmarks="$dir/testgit.marks"
+	test -e "$gitmarks" || >"$gitmarks"
+	test -e "$testgitmarks" || >"$testgitmarks"
+fi
+
+while read line
+do
+	case $line in
+	capabilities)
+		echo 'import'
+		echo 'export'
+		test -n "$refspec" && echo "refspec $refspec"
+		if test -n "$gitmarks"
+		then
+			echo "*import-marks $gitmarks"
+			echo "*export-marks $gitmarks"
+		fi
+		test -n "$GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_SIGNED_TAGS" && echo "signed-tags"
+		echo
+		;;
+	list)
+		git for-each-ref --format='? %(refname)' 'refs/heads/'
+		head=$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)
+		echo "@$head HEAD"
+		echo
+		;;
+	import*)
+		# read all import lines
+		while true
+		do
+			ref="${line#* }"
+			refs="$refs $ref"
+			read line
+			test "${line%% *}" != "import" && break
+		done
+
+		if test -n "$gitmarks"
+		then
+			echo "feature import-marks=$gitmarks"
+			echo "feature export-marks=$gitmarks"
+		fi
+
+		if test -n "$GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE"
+		then
+			echo "feature done"
+			exit 1
+		fi
+
+		echo "feature done"
+		git fast-export \
+			${testgitmarks:+"--import-marks=$testgitmarks"} \
+			${testgitmarks:+"--export-marks=$testgitmarks"} \
+			$refs |
+		sed -e "s#refs/heads/#${prefix}/heads/#g"
+		echo "done"
+		;;
+	export)
+		if test -n "$GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE"
+		then
+			# consume input so fast-export doesn't get SIGPIPE;
+			# git would also notice that case, but we want
+			# to make sure we are exercising the later
+			# error checks
+			while read line; do
+				test "done" = "$line" && break
+			done
+			exit 1
+		fi
+
+		before=$(git for-each-ref --format=' %(refname) %(objectname) ')
+
+		git fast-import \
+			${testgitmarks:+"--import-marks=$testgitmarks"} \
+			${testgitmarks:+"--export-marks=$testgitmarks"} \
+			--quiet
+
+		# figure out which refs were updated
+		git for-each-ref --format='%(refname) %(objectname)' |
+		while read ref a
+		do
+			case "$before" in
+			*" $ref $a "*)
+				continue ;;	# unchanged
+			esac
+			if test -z "$GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_PUSH_ERROR"
+			then
+				echo "ok $ref"
+			else
+				echo "error $ref $GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_PUSH_ERROR"
+			fi
+		done
+
+		echo
+		;;
+	'')
+		exit
+		;;
+	esac
+done
diff --git a/git-remote-testgit.py b/git-remote-testpy.py
index 5f3ebd2..ca67899 100644
--- a/git-remote-testgit.py
+++ b/git-remote-testpy.py
@@ -31,6 +31,27 @@ from git_remote_helpers.git.exporter import GitExporter
 from git_remote_helpers.git.importer import GitImporter
 from git_remote_helpers.git.non_local import NonLocalGit
 
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02000000:
+    # string.encode() is the limiter
+    sys.stderr.write("git-remote-testgit: requires Python 2.0 or later.\n")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def encode_filepath(path):
+    """Encodes a Unicode file path to a byte string.
+
+    On Python 2 this is a no-op; on Python 3 we encode the string as
+    suggested by [1] which allows an exact round-trip from the command line
+    to the filesystem.
+
+    [1] http://docs.python.org/3/c-api/unicode.html#file-system-encoding
+
+    """
+    if sys.hexversion < 0x03000000:
+        return path
+    return path.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding(), 'surrogateescape')
+
+
 def get_repo(alias, url):
     """Returns a git repository object initialized for usage.
     """
@@ -40,7 +61,7 @@ def get_repo(alias, url):
     repo.get_head()
 
     hasher = _digest()
-    hasher.update(repo.path)
+    hasher.update(encode_filepath(repo.path))
     repo.hash = hasher.hexdigest()
 
     repo.get_base_path = lambda base: os.path.join(
@@ -82,22 +103,22 @@ def do_capabilities(repo, args):
     """Prints the supported capabilities.
     """
 
-    print "import"
-    print "export"
-    print "refspec refs/heads/*:%s*" % repo.prefix
+    print("import")
+    print("export")
+    print("refspec refs/heads/*:%s*" % repo.prefix)
 
     dirname = repo.get_base_path(repo.gitdir)
 
     if not os.path.exists(dirname):
         os.makedirs(dirname)
 
-    path = os.path.join(dirname, 'testgit.marks')
+    path = os.path.join(dirname, 'git.marks')
 
-    print "*export-marks %s" % path
+    print("*export-marks %s" % path)
     if os.path.exists(path):
-        print "*import-marks %s" % path
+        print("*import-marks %s" % path)
 
-    print # end capabilities
+    print('') # end capabilities
 
 
 def do_list(repo, args):
@@ -110,16 +131,16 @@ def do_list(repo, args):
 
     for ref in repo.revs:
         debug("? refs/heads/%s", ref)
-        print "? refs/heads/%s" % ref
+        print("? refs/heads/%s" % ref)
 
     if repo.head:
         debug("@refs/heads/%s HEAD" % repo.head)
-        print "@refs/heads/%s HEAD" % repo.head
+        print("@refs/heads/%s HEAD" % repo.head)
     else:
         debug("@refs/heads/master HEAD")
-        print "@refs/heads/master HEAD"
+        print("@refs/heads/master HEAD")
 
-    print # end list
+    print('') # end list
 
 
 def update_local_repo(repo):
@@ -149,7 +170,7 @@ def do_import(repo, args):
     refs = [ref]
 
     while True:
-        line = sys.stdin.readline()
+        line = sys.stdin.readline().decode()
         if line == '\n':
             break
         if not line.startswith('import '):
@@ -159,10 +180,15 @@ def do_import(repo, args):
         ref = line[7:].strip()
         refs.append(ref)
 
+    print("feature done")
+
+    if os.environ.get("GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE"):
+        die('Told to fail')
+
     repo = update_local_repo(repo)
     repo.exporter.export_repo(repo.gitdir, refs)
 
-    print "done"
+    print("done")
 
 
 def do_export(repo, args):
@@ -172,6 +198,9 @@ def do_export(repo, args):
     if not repo.gitdir:
         die("Need gitdir to export")
 
+    if os.environ.get("GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE"):
+        die('Told to fail')
+
     update_local_repo(repo)
     changed = repo.importer.do_import(repo.gitdir)
 
@@ -179,8 +208,8 @@ def do_export(repo, args):
         repo.non_local.push(repo.gitdir)
 
     for ref in changed:
-        print "ok %s" % ref
-    print
+        print("ok %s" % ref)
+    print('')
 
 
 COMMANDS = {
@@ -212,7 +241,7 @@ def read_one_line(repo):
 
     line = sys.stdin.readline()
 
-    cmdline = line
+    cmdline = line.decode()
 
     if not cmdline:
         warn("Unexpected EOF")
@@ -264,7 +293,11 @@ def main(args):
 
     more = True
 
-    sys.stdin = os.fdopen(sys.stdin.fileno(), 'r', 0)
+    # Use binary mode since Python 3 does not permit unbuffered I/O in text
+    # mode.  Unbuffered I/O is required to avoid data that should be going
+    # to git-fast-import after an "export" command getting caught in our
+    # stdin buffer instead.
+    sys.stdin = os.fdopen(sys.stdin.fileno(), 'rb', 0)
     while (more):
         more = read_one_line(repo)
 
diff --git a/git-send-email.perl b/git-send-email.perl
index be809e5..bd13cc8 100755
--- a/git-send-email.perl
+++ b/git-send-email.perl
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ git send-email [options] <file | directory | rev-list options >
     --[no-]bcc              <str>  * Email Bcc:
     --subject               <str>  * Email "Subject:"
     --in-reply-to           <str>  * Email "In-Reply-To:"
-    --annotate                     * Review each patch that will be sent in an editor.
+    --[no-]annotate                * Review each patch that will be sent in an editor.
     --compose                      * Open an editor for introduction.
     --compose-encoding      <str>  * Encoding to assume for introduction.
     --8bit-encoding         <str>  * Encoding to assume 8bit mails if undeclared
@@ -212,7 +212,8 @@ my %config_bool_settings = (
     "signedoffbycc" => [\$signed_off_by_cc, undef],
     "signedoffcc" => [\$signed_off_by_cc, undef],      # Deprecated
     "validate" => [\$validate, 1],
-    "multiedit" => [\$multiedit, undef]
+    "multiedit" => [\$multiedit, undef],
+    "annotate" => [\$annotate, undef]
 );
 
 my %config_settings = (
@@ -304,7 +305,7 @@ my $rc = GetOptions("h" => \$help,
 		    "smtp-debug:i" => \$debug_net_smtp,
 		    "smtp-domain:s" => \$smtp_domain,
 		    "identity=s" => \$identity,
-		    "annotate" => \$annotate,
+		    "annotate!" => \$annotate,
 		    "compose" => \$compose,
 		    "quiet" => \$quiet,
 		    "cc-cmd=s" => \$cc_cmd,
@@ -512,8 +513,9 @@ if (@alias_files and $aliasfiletype and defined $parse_alias{$aliasfiletype}) {
 
 ($sender) = expand_aliases($sender) if defined $sender;
 
-# returns 1 if the conflict must be solved using it as a format-patch argument
-sub check_file_rev_conflict($) {
+# is_format_patch_arg($f) returns 0 if $f names a patch, or 1 if
+# $f is a revision list specification to be passed to format-patch.
+sub is_format_patch_arg {
 	return unless $repo;
 	my $f = shift;
 	try {
@@ -529,6 +531,7 @@ to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...
     * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.
 EOF
 	} catch Git::Error::Command with {
+		# Not a valid revision.  Treat it as a filename.
 		return 0;
 	}
 }
@@ -540,14 +543,14 @@ while (defined(my $f = shift @ARGV)) {
 	if ($f eq "--") {
 		push @rev_list_opts, "--", @ARGV;
 		@ARGV = ();
-	} elsif (-d $f and !check_file_rev_conflict($f)) {
+	} elsif (-d $f and !is_format_patch_arg($f)) {
 		opendir my $dh, $f
 			or die "Failed to opendir $f: $!";
 
 		push @files, grep { -f $_ } map { catfile($f, $_) }
 				sort readdir $dh;
 		closedir $dh;
-	} elsif ((-f $f or -p $f) and !check_file_rev_conflict($f)) {
+	} elsif ((-f $f or -p $f) and !is_format_patch_arg($f)) {
 		push @files, $f;
 	} else {
 		push @rev_list_opts, $f;
@@ -711,7 +714,7 @@ sub ask {
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	return undef;
+	return;
 }
 
 my %broken_encoding;
@@ -833,7 +836,7 @@ sub extract_valid_address {
 	# less robust/correct than the monster regexp in Email::Valid,
 	# but still does a 99% job, and one less dependency
 	return $1 if $address =~ /($local_part_regexp\@$domain_regexp)/;
-	return undef;
+	return;
 }
 
 sub extract_valid_address_or_die {
@@ -1045,6 +1048,47 @@ sub maildomain {
 	return maildomain_net() || maildomain_mta() || 'localhost.localdomain';
 }
 
+sub smtp_host_string {
+	if (defined $smtp_server_port) {
+		return "$smtp_server:$smtp_server_port";
+	} else {
+		return $smtp_server;
+	}
+}
+
+# Returns 1 if authentication succeeded or was not necessary
+# (smtp_user was not specified), and 0 otherwise.
+
+sub smtp_auth_maybe {
+	if (!defined $smtp_authuser || $auth) {
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	# Workaround AUTH PLAIN/LOGIN interaction defect
+	# with Authen::SASL::Cyrus
+	eval {
+		require Authen::SASL;
+		Authen::SASL->import(qw(Perl));
+	};
+
+	# TODO: Authentication may fail not because credentials were
+	# invalid but due to other reasons, in which we should not
+	# reject credentials.
+	$auth = Git::credential({
+		'protocol' => 'smtp',
+		'host' => smtp_host_string(),
+		'username' => $smtp_authuser,
+		# if there's no password, "git credential fill" will
+		# give us one, otherwise it'll just pass this one.
+		'password' => $smtp_authpass
+	}, sub {
+		my $cred = shift;
+		return !!$smtp->auth($cred->{'username'}, $cred->{'password'});
+	});
+
+	return $auth;
+}
+
 # Returns 1 if the message was sent, and 0 otherwise.
 # In actuality, the whole program dies when there
 # is an error sending a message.
@@ -1155,9 +1199,7 @@ X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion
 		else {
 			require Net::SMTP;
 			$smtp_domain ||= maildomain();
-			$smtp ||= Net::SMTP->new((defined $smtp_server_port)
-						 ? "$smtp_server:$smtp_server_port"
-						 : $smtp_server,
+			$smtp ||= Net::SMTP->new(smtp_host_string(),
 						 Hello => $smtp_domain,
 						 Debug => $debug_net_smtp);
 			if ($smtp_encryption eq 'tls' && $smtp) {
@@ -1185,31 +1227,7 @@ X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion
 			    defined $smtp_server_port ? " port=$smtp_server_port" : "";
 		}
 
-		if (defined $smtp_authuser) {
-			# Workaround AUTH PLAIN/LOGIN interaction defect
-			# with Authen::SASL::Cyrus
-			eval {
-				require Authen::SASL;
-				Authen::SASL->import(qw(Perl));
-			};
-
-			if (!defined $smtp_authpass) {
-
-				system "stty -echo";
-
-				do {
-					print "Password: ";
-					$_ = <STDIN>;
-					print "\n";
-				} while (!defined $_);
-
-				chomp($smtp_authpass = $_);
-
-				system "stty echo";
-			}
-
-			$auth ||= $smtp->auth( $smtp_authuser, $smtp_authpass ) or die $smtp->message;
-		}
+		smtp_auth_maybe or die $smtp->message;
 
 		$smtp->mail( $raw_from ) or die $smtp->message;
 		$smtp->to( @recipients ) or die $smtp->message;
@@ -1438,7 +1456,7 @@ sub recipients_cmd {
 
 	my $sanitized_sender = sanitize_address($sender);
 	my @addresses = ();
-	open my $fh, "$cmd \Q$file\E |"
+	open my $fh, "-|", "$cmd \Q$file\E"
 	    or die "($prefix) Could not execute '$cmd'";
 	while (my $address = <$fh>) {
 		$address =~ s/^\s*//g;
@@ -1484,7 +1502,7 @@ sub validate_patch {
 			return "$.: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters";
 		}
 	}
-	return undef;
+	return;
 }
 
 sub file_has_nonascii {
diff --git a/git-sh-setup.sh b/git-sh-setup.sh
index 795edd2..2f78359 100644
--- a/git-sh-setup.sh
+++ b/git-sh-setup.sh
@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@ if test -n "$OPTIONS_SPEC"; then
 else
 	dashless=$(basename "$0" | sed -e 's/-/ /')
 	usage() {
-		die "Usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+		die "usage: $dashless $USAGE"
 	}
 
 	if [ -z "$LONG_USAGE" ]
 	then
-		LONG_USAGE="Usage: $dashless $USAGE"
+		LONG_USAGE="usage: $dashless $USAGE"
 	else
-		LONG_USAGE="Usage: $dashless $USAGE
+		LONG_USAGE="usage: $dashless $USAGE
 
 $LONG_USAGE"
 	fi
@@ -249,6 +249,18 @@ clear_local_git_env() {
 	unset $(git rev-parse --local-env-vars)
 }
 
+# Generate a virtual base file for a two-file merge. Uses git apply to
+# remove lines from $1 that are not in $2, leaving only common lines.
+create_virtual_base() {
+	sz0=$(wc -c <"$1")
+	@@DIFF@@ -u -La/"$1" -Lb/"$1" "$1" "$2" | git apply --no-add
+	sz1=$(wc -c <"$1")
+
+	# If we do not have enough common material, it is not
+	# worth trying two-file merge using common subsections.
+	expr $sz0 \< $sz1 \* 2 >/dev/null || : >"$1"
+}
+
 
 # Platform specific tweaks to work around some commands
 case $(uname -s) in
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index 2365149..79bfaac 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ dashless=$(basename "$0" | sed -e 's/-/ /')
 USAGE="[--quiet] add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>] [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
-   or: $dashless [--quiet] update [--init] [-N|--no-fetch] [-f|--force] [--rebase] [--reference <repository>] [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] [--] <path>...
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [-f|--force] [--rebase] [--reference <repository>] [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [--summary-limit <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
    or: $dashless [--quiet] sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]"
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ cached=
 recursive=
 init=
 files=
+remote=
 nofetch=
 update=
 prefix=
@@ -153,6 +155,32 @@ die_if_unmatched ()
 }
 
 #
+# Print a submodule configuration setting
+#
+# $1 = submodule name
+# $2 = option name
+# $3 = default value
+#
+# Checks in the usual git-config places first (for overrides),
+# otherwise it falls back on .gitmodules.  This allows you to
+# distribute project-wide defaults in .gitmodules, while still
+# customizing individual repositories if necessary.  If the option is
+# not in .gitmodules either, print a default value.
+#
+get_submodule_config () {
+	name="$1"
+	option="$2"
+	default="$3"
+	value=$(git config submodule."$name"."$option")
+	if test -z "$value"
+	then
+		value=$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$name"."$option")
+	fi
+	printf '%s' "${value:-$default}"
+}
+
+
+#
 # Map submodule path to submodule name
 #
 # $1 = path
@@ -239,6 +267,11 @@ module_clone()
 	(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && GIT_WORK_TREE=. git config core.worktree "$rel/$b")
 }
 
+isnumber()
+{
+	n=$(($1 + 0)) 2>/dev/null && test "$n" = "$1"
+}
+
 #
 # Add a new submodule to the working tree, .gitmodules and the index
 #
@@ -390,6 +423,10 @@ Use -f if you really want to add it." >&2
 
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$sm_name".path "$sm_path" &&
 	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$sm_name".url "$repo" &&
+	if test -n "$branch"
+	then
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$sm_name".branch "$branch"
+	fi &&
 	git add --force .gitmodules ||
 	die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register submodule '\$sm_path'")"
 }
@@ -516,6 +553,82 @@ cmd_init()
 }
 
 #
+# Unregister submodules from .git/config and remove their work tree
+#
+# $@ = requested paths (use '.' to deinit all submodules)
+#
+cmd_deinit()
+{
+	# parse $args after "submodule ... deinit".
+	while test $# -ne 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-f|--force)
+			force=$1
+			;;
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=1
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		-*)
+			usage
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
+	if test $# = 0
+	then
+		die "$(eval_gettext "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules")"
+	fi
+
+	module_list "$@" |
+	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
+	do
+		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
+		name=$(module_name "$sm_path") || exit
+
+		# Remove the submodule work tree (unless the user already did it)
+		if test -d "$sm_path"
+		then
+			# Protect submodules containing a .git directory
+			if test -d "$sm_path/.git"
+			then
+				echo >&2 "$(eval_gettext "Submodule work tree '\$sm_path' contains a .git directory")"
+				die "$(eval_gettext "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)")"
+			fi
+
+			if test -z "$force"
+			then
+				git rm -qn "$sm_path" ||
+				die "$(eval_gettext "Submodule work tree '\$sm_path' contains local modifications; use '-f' to discard them")"
+			fi
+			rm -rf "$sm_path" &&
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Cleared directory '\$sm_path'")" ||
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Could not remove submodule work tree '\$sm_path'")"
+		fi
+
+		mkdir "$sm_path" || say "$(eval_gettext "Could not create empty submodule directory '\$sm_path'")"
+
+		# Remove the .git/config entries (unless the user already did it)
+		if test -n "$(git config --get-regexp submodule."$name\.")"
+		then
+			# Remove the whole section so we have a clean state when
+			# the user later decides to init this submodule again
+			url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
+			git config --remove-section submodule."$name" 2>/dev/null &&
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Submodule '\$name' (\$url) unregistered for path '\$sm_path'")"
+		fi
+	done
+}
+
+#
 # Update each submodule path to correct revision, using clone and checkout as needed
 #
 # $@ = requested paths (default to all)
@@ -533,6 +646,9 @@ cmd_update()
 		-i|--init)
 			init=1
 			;;
+		--remote)
+			remote=1
+			;;
 		-N|--no-fetch)
 			nofetch=1
 			;;
@@ -588,11 +704,12 @@ cmd_update()
 		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
 		if test "$stage" = U
 		then
-			echo >&2 "Skipping unmerged submodule $sm_path"
+			echo >&2 "Skipping unmerged submodule $prefix$sm_path"
 			continue
 		fi
 		name=$(module_name "$sm_path") || exit
 		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
+		branch=$(get_submodule_config "$name" branch master)
 		if ! test -z "$update"
 		then
 			update_module=$update
@@ -602,7 +719,7 @@ cmd_update()
 
 		if test "$update_module" = "none"
 		then
-			echo "Skipping submodule '$sm_path'"
+			echo "Skipping submodule '$prefix$sm_path'"
 			continue
 		fi
 
@@ -611,7 +728,7 @@ cmd_update()
 			# Only mention uninitialized submodules when its
 			# path have been specified
 			test "$#" != "0" &&
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$sm_path' not initialized
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path' not initialized
 Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 			continue
 		fi
@@ -624,7 +741,21 @@ Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 		else
 			subsha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
 				git rev-parse --verify HEAD) ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path'")"
+		fi
+
+		if test -n "$remote"
+		then
+			if test -z "$nofetch"
+			then
+				# Fetch remote before determining tracking $sha1
+				(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && git-fetch) ||
+				die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+			fi
+			remote_name=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && get_default_remote)
+			sha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
+				git rev-parse --verify "${remote_name}/${branch}") ||
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
 		fi
 
 		if test "$subsha1" != "$sha1" -o -n "$force"
@@ -643,7 +774,7 @@ Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 				(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
 					( (rev=$(git rev-list -n 1 $sha1 --not --all 2>/dev/null) &&
 					 test -z "$rev") || git-fetch)) ||
-				die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+				die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path'")"
 			fi
 
 			# Is this something we just cloned?
@@ -657,20 +788,20 @@ Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 			case "$update_module" in
 			rebase)
 				command="git rebase"
-				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to rebase '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
-				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$sm_path': rebased into '\$sha1'")"
+				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to rebase '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path'")"
+				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path': rebased into '\$sha1'")"
 				must_die_on_failure=yes
 				;;
 			merge)
 				command="git merge"
-				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to merge '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
-				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$sm_path': merged in '\$sha1'")"
+				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to merge '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path'")"
+				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path': merged in '\$sha1'")"
 				must_die_on_failure=yes
 				;;
 			*)
 				command="git checkout $subforce -q"
-				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to checkout '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
-				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$sm_path': checked out '\$sha1'")"
+				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to checkout '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path'")"
+				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path': checked out '\$sha1'")"
 				;;
 			esac
 
@@ -688,11 +819,16 @@ Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 
 		if test -n "$recursive"
 		then
-			(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && eval cmd_update "$orig_flags")
+			(
+				prefix="$prefix$sm_path/"
+				clear_local_git_env
+				cd "$sm_path" &&
+				eval cmd_update "$orig_flags"
+			)
 			res=$?
 			if test $res -gt 0
 			then
-				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Failed to recurse into submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Failed to recurse into submodule path '\$prefix\$sm_path'")"
 				if test $res -eq 1
 				then
 					err="${err};$die_msg"
@@ -760,14 +896,14 @@ cmd_summary() {
 			for_status="$1"
 			;;
 		-n|--summary-limit)
-			if summary_limit=$(($2 + 0)) 2>/dev/null && test "$summary_limit" = "$2"
-			then
-				:
-			else
-				usage
-			fi
+			summary_limit="$2"
+			isnumber "$summary_limit" || usage
 			shift
 			;;
+		--summary-limit=*)
+			summary_limit="${1#--summary-limit=}"
+			isnumber "$summary_limit" || usage
+			;;
 		--)
 			shift
 			break
@@ -927,12 +1063,12 @@ cmd_summary() {
 	done |
 	if test -n "$for_status"; then
 		if [ -n "$files" ]; then
-			gettextln "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
+			gettextln "Submodules changed but not updated:" | git stripspace -c
 		else
-			gettextln "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
+			gettextln "Submodule changes to be committed:" | git stripspace -c
 		fi
-		echo "#"
-		sed -e 's|^|# |' -e 's|^# $|#|'
+		printf "\n" | git stripspace -c
+		git stripspace -c
 	else
 		cat
 	fi
@@ -1108,7 +1244,7 @@ cmd_sync()
 while test $# != 0 && test -z "$command"
 do
 	case "$1" in
-	add | foreach | init | update | status | summary | sync)
+	add | foreach | init | deinit | update | status | summary | sync)
 		command=$1
 		;;
 	-q|--quiet)
diff --git a/git-svn.perl b/git-svn.perl
index bd5266c..d070de0 100755
--- a/git-svn.perl
+++ b/git-svn.perl
@@ -61,8 +61,6 @@ my $cmd_dir_prefix = eval {
 	command_oneline([qw/rev-parse --show-prefix/], STDERR => 0)
 } || '';
 
-my $git_dir_user_set = 1 if defined $ENV{GIT_DIR};
-$ENV{GIT_DIR} ||= '.git';
 $Git::SVN::Ra::_log_window_size = 100;
 
 if (! exists $ENV{SVN_SSH} && exists $ENV{GIT_SSH}) {
@@ -114,7 +112,8 @@ my ($_stdin, $_help, $_edit,
 	$_message, $_file, $_branch_dest,
 	$_template, $_shared,
 	$_version, $_fetch_all, $_no_rebase, $_fetch_parent,
-	$_merge, $_strategy, $_preserve_merges, $_dry_run, $_local,
+	$_before, $_after,
+	$_merge, $_strategy, $_preserve_merges, $_dry_run, $_parents, $_local,
 	$_prefix, $_no_checkout, $_url, $_verbose,
 	$_commit_url, $_tag, $_merge_info, $_interactive);
 
@@ -127,6 +126,7 @@ my %remote_opts = ( 'username=s' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_username,
                     'config-dir=s' => \$Git::SVN::Ra::config_dir,
                     'no-auth-cache' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_no_auth_cache,
                     'ignore-paths=s' => \$Git::SVN::Fetcher::_ignore_regex,
+                    'include-paths=s' => \$Git::SVN::Fetcher::_include_regex,
                     'ignore-refs=s' => \$Git::SVN::Ra::_ignore_refs_regex );
 my %fc_opts = ( 'follow-parent|follow!' => \$Git::SVN::_follow_parent,
 		'authors-file|A=s' => \$_authors,
@@ -203,6 +203,7 @@ my %cmd = (
 	            { 'message|m=s' => \$_message,
 	              'destination|d=s' => \$_branch_dest,
 	              'dry-run|n' => \$_dry_run,
+	              'parents' => \$_parents,
 	              'tag|t' => \$_tag,
 	              'username=s' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_username,
 	              'commit-url=s' => \$_commit_url } ],
@@ -211,6 +212,7 @@ my %cmd = (
 	         { 'message|m=s' => \$_message,
 	           'destination|d=s' => \$_branch_dest,
 	           'dry-run|n' => \$_dry_run,
+	           'parents' => \$_parents,
 	           'username=s' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_username,
 	           'commit-url=s' => \$_commit_url } ],
 	'set-tree' => [ \&cmd_set_tree,
@@ -258,7 +260,8 @@ my %cmd = (
 			} ],
 	'find-rev' => [ \&cmd_find_rev,
 	                "Translate between SVN revision numbers and tree-ish",
-			{} ],
+			{ 'before' => \$_before,
+			  'after' => \$_after } ],
 	'rebase' => [ \&cmd_rebase, "Fetch and rebase your working directory",
 			{ 'merge|m|M' => \$_merge,
 			  'verbose|v' => \$_verbose,
@@ -325,27 +328,20 @@ for (my $i = 0; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
 };
 
 # make sure we're always running at the top-level working directory
-unless ($cmd && $cmd =~ /(?:clone|init|multi-init)$/) {
-	unless (-d $ENV{GIT_DIR}) {
-		if ($git_dir_user_set) {
-			die "GIT_DIR=$ENV{GIT_DIR} explicitly set, ",
-			    "but it is not a directory\n";
-		}
-		my $git_dir = delete $ENV{GIT_DIR};
-		my $cdup = undef;
-		git_cmd_try {
-			$cdup = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse --show-cdup/);
-			$git_dir = '.' unless ($cdup);
-			chomp $cdup if ($cdup);
-			$cdup = "." unless ($cdup && length $cdup);
-		} "Already at toplevel, but $git_dir not found\n";
-		chdir $cdup or die "Unable to chdir up to '$cdup'\n";
-		unless (-d $git_dir) {
-			die "$git_dir still not found after going to ",
-			    "'$cdup'\n";
-		}
-		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $git_dir;
-	}
+if ($cmd && $cmd =~ /(?:clone|init|multi-init)$/) {
+	$ENV{GIT_DIR} ||= ".git";
+} else {
+	my ($git_dir, $cdup);
+	git_cmd_try {
+		$git_dir = command_oneline([qw/rev-parse --git-dir/]);
+	} "Unable to find .git directory\n";
+	git_cmd_try {
+		$cdup = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse --show-cdup/);
+		chomp $cdup if ($cdup);
+		$cdup = "." unless ($cdup && length $cdup);
+	} "Already at toplevel, but $git_dir not found\n";
+	$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $git_dir;
+	chdir $cdup or die "Unable to chdir up to '$cdup'\n";
 	$_repository = Git->repository(Repository => $ENV{GIT_DIR});
 }
 
@@ -389,7 +385,7 @@ sub usage {
 	my $fd = $exit ? \*STDERR : \*STDOUT;
 	print $fd <<"";
 git-svn - bidirectional operations between a single Subversion tree and git
-Usage: git svn <command> [options] [arguments]\n
+usage: git svn <command> [options] [arguments]\n
 
 	print $fd "Available commands:\n" unless $cmd;
 
@@ -477,6 +473,9 @@ sub do_git_init_db {
 	my $ignore_paths_regex = \$Git::SVN::Fetcher::_ignore_regex;
 	command_noisy('config', "$pfx.ignore-paths", $$ignore_paths_regex)
 		if defined $$ignore_paths_regex;
+	my $include_paths_regex = \$Git::SVN::Fetcher::_include_regex;
+	command_noisy('config', "$pfx.include-paths", $$include_paths_regex)
+		if defined $$include_paths_regex;
 	my $ignore_refs_regex = \$Git::SVN::Ra::_ignore_refs_regex;
 	command_noisy('config', "$pfx.ignore-refs", $$ignore_refs_regex)
 		if defined $$ignore_refs_regex;
@@ -541,7 +540,7 @@ sub cmd_fetch {
 	}
 	my ($remote) = @_;
 	if (@_ > 1) {
-		die "Usage: $0 fetch [--all] [--parent] [svn-remote]\n";
+		die "usage: $0 fetch [--all] [--parent] [svn-remote]\n";
 	}
 	$Git::SVN::no_reuse_existing = undef;
 	if ($_fetch_parent) {
@@ -676,12 +675,14 @@ sub merge_revs_into_hash {
 }
 
 sub merge_merge_info {
-	my ($mergeinfo_one, $mergeinfo_two) = @_;
+	my ($mergeinfo_one, $mergeinfo_two, $ignore_branch) = @_;
 	my %result_hash = ();
 
 	merge_revs_into_hash(\%result_hash, $mergeinfo_one);
 	merge_revs_into_hash(\%result_hash, $mergeinfo_two);
 
+	delete $result_hash{$ignore_branch} if $ignore_branch;
+
 	my $result = '';
 	# Sort below is for consistency's sake
 	for my $branchname (sort keys(%result_hash)) {
@@ -702,6 +703,7 @@ sub populate_merge_info {
 		my $all_parents_ok = 1;
 		my $aggregate_mergeinfo = '';
 		my $rooturl = $gs->repos_root;
+		my ($target_branch) = $gs->full_pushurl =~ /^\Q$rooturl\E(.*)/;
 
 		if (defined($rewritten_parent)) {
 			# Replace first parent with newly-rewritten version
@@ -733,7 +735,8 @@ sub populate_merge_info {
 			# Merge previous mergeinfo values
 			$aggregate_mergeinfo =
 				merge_merge_info($aggregate_mergeinfo,
-								 $par_mergeinfo, 0);
+								$par_mergeinfo,
+								$target_branch);
 
 			next if $parent eq $parents[0]; # Skip first parent
 			# Add new changes being placed in tree by merge
@@ -776,7 +779,8 @@ sub populate_merge_info {
 			my $newmergeinfo = "$branchpath:" . join(',', @revsin);
 			$aggregate_mergeinfo =
 				merge_merge_info($aggregate_mergeinfo,
-								 $newmergeinfo, 1);
+								$newmergeinfo,
+								$target_branch);
 		}
 		if ($all_parents_ok and $aggregate_mergeinfo) {
 			return $aggregate_mergeinfo;
@@ -1170,6 +1174,10 @@ sub cmd_branch {
 		$ctx->ls($dst, 'HEAD', 0);
 	} and die "branch ${branch_name} already exists\n";
 
+	if ($_parents) {
+		mk_parent_dirs($ctx, $dst);
+	}
+
 	print "Copying ${src} at r${rev} to ${dst}...\n";
 	$ctx->copy($src, $rev, $dst)
 		unless $_dry_run;
@@ -1177,6 +1185,17 @@ sub cmd_branch {
 	$gs->fetch_all;
 }
 
+sub mk_parent_dirs {
+	my ($ctx, $parent) = @_;
+	$parent =~ s{/[^/]*$}{};
+
+	if (!eval{$ctx->ls($parent, 'HEAD', 0)}) {
+		mk_parent_dirs($ctx, $parent);
+		print "Creating parent folder ${parent} ...\n";
+		$ctx->mkdir($parent) unless $_dry_run;
+	}
+}
+
 sub cmd_find_rev {
 	my $revision_or_hash = shift or die "SVN or git revision required ",
 	                                    "as a command-line argument\n";
@@ -1191,7 +1210,13 @@ sub cmd_find_rev {
 			    "$head history\n";
 		}
 		my $desired_revision = substr($revision_or_hash, 1);
-		$result = $gs->rev_map_get($desired_revision, $uuid);
+		if ($_before) {
+			$result = $gs->find_rev_before($desired_revision, 1);
+		} elsif ($_after) {
+			$result = $gs->find_rev_after($desired_revision, 1);
+		} else {
+			$result = $gs->rev_map_get($desired_revision, $uuid);
+		}
 	} else {
 		my (undef, $rev, undef) = cmt_metadata($revision_or_hash);
 		$result = $rev;
@@ -1405,7 +1430,7 @@ sub cmd_multi_fetch {
 # this command is special because it requires no metadata
 sub cmd_commit_diff {
 	my ($ta, $tb, $url) = @_;
-	my $usage = "Usage: $0 commit-diff -r<revision> ".
+	my $usage = "usage: $0 commit-diff -r<revision> ".
 	            "<tree-ish> <tree-ish> [<URL>]";
 	fatal($usage) if (!defined $ta || !defined $tb);
 	my $svn_path = '';
diff --git a/git-web--browse.sh b/git-web--browse.sh
index 1e82726..9f44679 100755
--- a/git-web--browse.sh
+++ b/git-web--browse.sh
@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@ if test -z "$browser" ; then
 		browser_candidates="w3m elinks links lynx"
 	fi
 	# SECURITYSESSIONID indicates an OS X GUI login session
-	if test -n "$SECURITYSESSIONID" \
-		-o "$TERM_PROGRAM" = "Apple_Terminal" ; then
+	if test -n "$SECURITYSESSIONID" || test -n "$TERM_PROGRAM"
+	then
 		browser_candidates="open $browser_candidates"
 	fi
 	# /bin/start indicates MinGW
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index c598dc6..1ada169 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ const char git_usage_string[] =
 	"           <command> [<args>]";
 
 const char git_more_info_string[] =
-	N_("See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command.");
+	N_("'git help -a' and 'git help -g' lists available subcommands and some\n"
+	   "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
+	   "to read about a specific subcommand or concept.");
 
 static struct startup_info git_startup_info;
 static int use_pager = -1;
@@ -125,6 +127,7 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 			static char git_dir[PATH_MAX+1];
 			is_bare_repository_cfg = 1;
 			setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, getcwd(git_dir, sizeof(git_dir)), 0);
+			setenv(GIT_IMPLICIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, "0", 1);
 			if (envchanged)
 				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-c")) {
@@ -135,6 +138,14 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 			git_config_push_parameter((*argv)[1]);
 			(*argv)++;
 			(*argc)--;
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--literal-pathspecs")) {
+			setenv(GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, "1", 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-literal-pathspecs")) {
+			setenv(GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, "0", 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option: %s\n", cmd);
 			usage(git_usage_string);
@@ -305,6 +316,7 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 		{ "bundle", cmd_bundle, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 		{ "cat-file", cmd_cat_file, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "check-attr", cmd_check_attr, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "check-ignore", cmd_check_ignore, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "check-ref-format", cmd_check_ref_format },
 		{ "checkout", cmd_checkout, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "checkout-index", cmd_checkout_index,
diff --git a/git_remote_helpers/.gitignore b/git_remote_helpers/.gitignore
index 2247d5f..cf040af 100644
--- a/git_remote_helpers/.gitignore
+++ b/git_remote_helpers/.gitignore
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+/GIT-PYTHON-VERSION
 /build
 /dist
diff --git a/git_remote_helpers/Makefile b/git_remote_helpers/Makefile
index 74b05dc..3d12232 100644
--- a/git_remote_helpers/Makefile
+++ b/git_remote_helpers/Makefile
@@ -23,10 +23,16 @@ endif
 
 PYLIBDIR=$(shell $(PYTHON_PATH) -c \
 	 "import sys; \
-	 print 'lib/python%i.%i/site-packages' % sys.version_info[:2]")
+	 print('lib/python%i.%i/site-packages' % sys.version_info[:2])")
+
+py_version=$(shell $(PYTHON_PATH) -c \
+	'import sys; print("%i.%i" % sys.version_info[:2])')
 
 all: $(pysetupfile)
-	$(QUIET)$(PYTHON_PATH) $(pysetupfile) $(QUIETSETUP) build
+	$(QUIET)test "$$(cat GIT-PYTHON-VERSION 2>/dev/null)" = "$(py_version)" || \
+	flags=--force; \
+	$(PYTHON_PATH) $(pysetupfile) $(QUIETSETUP) build $$flags
+	$(QUIET)echo "$(py_version)" >GIT-PYTHON-VERSION
 
 install: $(pysetupfile)
 	$(PYTHON_PATH) $(pysetupfile) install --prefix $(DESTDIR_SQ)$(prefix)
@@ -36,4 +42,4 @@ instlibdir: $(pysetupfile)
 
 clean:
 	$(QUIET)$(PYTHON_PATH) $(pysetupfile) $(QUIETSETUP) clean -a
-	$(RM) *.pyo *.pyc
+	$(RM) *.pyo *.pyc GIT-PYTHON-VERSION
diff --git a/git_remote_helpers/git/__init__.py b/git_remote_helpers/git/__init__.py
index e69de29..1dbb1b0 100644
--- a/git_remote_helpers/git/__init__.py
+++ b/git_remote_helpers/git/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import sys
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02040000:
+    # The limiter is the subprocess module
+    sys.stderr.write("git_remote_helpers: requires Python 2.4 or later.\n")
+    sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/git_remote_helpers/git/importer.py b/git_remote_helpers/git/importer.py
index 5c6b595..d3f90e1 100644
--- a/git_remote_helpers/git/importer.py
+++ b/git_remote_helpers/git/importer.py
@@ -18,13 +18,16 @@ class GitImporter(object):
 
     def get_refs(self, gitdir):
         """Returns a dictionary with refs.
+
+        Note that the keys in the returned dictionary are byte strings as
+        read from git.
         """
         args = ["git", "--git-dir=" + gitdir, "for-each-ref", "refs/heads"]
-        lines = check_output(args).strip().split('\n')
+        lines = check_output(args).strip().split('\n'.encode('ascii'))
         refs = {}
         for line in lines:
-            value, name = line.split(' ')
-            name = name.strip('commit\t')
+            value, name = line.split(' '.encode('ascii'))
+            name = name.strip('commit\t'.encode('ascii'))
             refs[name] = value
         return refs
 
@@ -39,7 +42,7 @@ class GitImporter(object):
             gitdir = self.repo.gitpath
         else:
             gitdir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(dirname, '.git'))
-        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(dirname, 'git.marks'))
+        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(dirname, 'testgit.marks'))
 
         if not os.path.exists(dirname):
             os.makedirs(dirname)
diff --git a/git_remote_helpers/setup.py b/git_remote_helpers/setup.py
index 4d434b6..6de41de 100644
--- a/git_remote_helpers/setup.py
+++ b/git_remote_helpers/setup.py
@@ -4,6 +4,15 @@
 
 from distutils.core import setup
 
+# If building under Python3 we need to run 2to3 on the code, do this by
+# trying to import distutils' 2to3 builder, which is only available in
+# Python3.
+try:
+    from distutils.command.build_py import build_py_2to3 as build_py
+except ImportError:
+    # 2.x
+    from distutils.command.build_py import build_py
+
 setup(
     name = 'git_remote_helpers',
     version = '0.1.0',
@@ -14,4 +23,5 @@ setup(
     url = 'http://www.git-scm.com/',
     package_dir = {'git_remote_helpers': ''},
     packages = ['git_remote_helpers', 'git_remote_helpers.git'],
+    cmdclass = {'build_py': build_py},
 )
diff --git a/gitk-git/.gitignore b/gitk-git/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7ebcaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+/GIT-TCLTK-VARS
+/gitk-wish
diff --git a/gitk-git/Makefile b/gitk-git/Makefile
index e1b6045..5acdc90 100644
--- a/gitk-git/Makefile
+++ b/gitk-git/Makefile
@@ -17,6 +17,16 @@ DESTDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DESTDIR))
 bindir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir))
 TCLTK_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TCLTK_PATH))
 
+### Detect Tck/Tk interpreter path changes
+TRACK_TCLTK = $(subst ','\'',-DTCLTK_PATH='$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)')
+
+GIT-TCLTK-VARS: FORCE
+	@VARS='$(TRACK_TCLTK)'; \
+		if test x"$$VARS" != x"`cat $@ 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
+			echo 1>&2 "    * new Tcl/Tk interpreter location"; \
+			echo "$$VARS" >$@; \
+		fi
+
 ## po-file creation rules
 XGETTEXT   ?= xgettext
 ifdef NO_MSGFMT
@@ -49,9 +59,9 @@ uninstall::
 	$(RM) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'/gitk
 
 clean::
-	$(RM) gitk-wish po/*.msg
+	$(RM) gitk-wish po/*.msg GIT-TCLTK-VARS
 
-gitk-wish: gitk
+gitk-wish: gitk GIT-TCLTK-VARS
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	sed -e '1,3s|^exec .* "$$0"|exec $(subst |,'\|',$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)) "$$0"|' <gitk >$@+ && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
@@ -65,3 +75,5 @@ $(ALL_MSGFILES): %.msg : %.po
 	@echo Generating catalog $@
 	$(MSGFMT) --statistics --tcl $< -l $(basename $(notdir $<)) -d $(dir $@)
 
+.PHONY: all install uninstall clean update-po
+.PHONY: FORCE
diff --git a/gitk-git/gitk b/gitk-git/gitk
index d93bd99..5cd00d8 100755
--- a/gitk-git/gitk
+++ b/gitk-git/gitk
@@ -1998,6 +1998,9 @@ proc mca {str} {
     return [string map {&& & & {}} [mc $str]]
 }
 
+proc cleardropsel {w} {
+    $w selection clear
+}
 proc makedroplist {w varname args} {
     global use_ttk
     if {$use_ttk} {
@@ -2007,7 +2010,9 @@ proc makedroplist {w varname args} {
             if {$cx > $width} {set width $cx}
         }
 	set gm [ttk::combobox $w -width $width -state readonly\
-		    -textvariable $varname -values $args]
+		    -textvariable $varname -values $args \
+		    -exportselection false]
+	bind $gm <<ComboboxSelected>> [list $gm selection clear]
     } else {
 	set gm [eval [linsert $args 0 tk_optionMenu $w $varname]]
     }
@@ -2026,6 +2031,9 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     global highlight_files gdttype
     global searchstring sstring
     global bgcolor fgcolor bglist fglist diffcolors selectbgcolor
+    global uifgcolor uifgdisabledcolor
+    global filesepbgcolor filesepfgcolor
+    global mergecolors foundbgcolor currentsearchhitbgcolor
     global headctxmenu progresscanv progressitem progresscoords statusw
     global fprogitem fprogcoord lastprogupdate progupdatepending
     global rprogitem rprogcoord rownumsel numcommits
@@ -2161,7 +2169,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     trace add variable sha1string write sha1change
     pack $sha1entry -side left -pady 2
 
-    image create bitmap bm-left -data {
+    set bm_left_data {
 	#define left_width 16
 	#define left_height 16
 	static unsigned char left_bits[] = {
@@ -2169,7 +2177,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	0x0e, 0x00, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00,
 	0x38, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01};
     }
-    image create bitmap bm-right -data {
+    set bm_right_data {
 	#define right_width 16
 	#define right_height 16
 	static unsigned char right_bits[] = {
@@ -2177,11 +2185,24 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	0x00, 0x38, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x1c,
 	0x00, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x07, 0x80, 0x03, 0xc0, 0x01};
     }
-    ${NS}::button .tf.bar.leftbut -image bm-left -command goback \
-	-state disabled -width 26
+    image create bitmap bm-left -data $bm_left_data -foreground $uifgcolor
+    image create bitmap bm-left-gray -data $bm_left_data -foreground $uifgdisabledcolor
+    image create bitmap bm-right -data $bm_right_data -foreground $uifgcolor
+    image create bitmap bm-right-gray -data $bm_right_data -foreground $uifgdisabledcolor
+
+    ${NS}::button .tf.bar.leftbut -command goback -state disabled -width 26
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+	.tf.bar.leftbut configure -image [list bm-left disabled bm-left-gray]
+    } else {
+	.tf.bar.leftbut configure -image bm-left
+    }
     pack .tf.bar.leftbut -side left -fill y
-    ${NS}::button .tf.bar.rightbut -image bm-right -command goforw \
-	-state disabled -width 26
+    ${NS}::button .tf.bar.rightbut -command goforw -state disabled -width 26
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+	.tf.bar.rightbut configure -image [list bm-right disabled bm-right-gray]
+    } else {
+	.tf.bar.rightbut configure -image bm-right
+    }
     pack .tf.bar.rightbut -side left -fill y
 
     ${NS}::label .tf.bar.rowlabel -text [mc "Row"]
@@ -2232,7 +2253,8 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     set gm [makedroplist .tf.lbar.gdttype gdttype \
 		[mc "containing:"] \
 		[mc "touching paths:"] \
-		[mc "adding/removing string:"]]
+		[mc "adding/removing string:"] \
+		[mc "changing lines matching:"]]
     trace add variable gdttype write gdttype_change
     pack .tf.lbar.gdttype -side left -fill y
 
@@ -2336,31 +2358,33 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     lappend fglist $ctext
 
     $ctext tag conf comment -wrap $wrapcomment
-    $ctext tag conf filesep -font textfontbold -back "#aaaaaa"
+    $ctext tag conf filesep -font textfontbold -fore $filesepfgcolor -back $filesepbgcolor
     $ctext tag conf hunksep -fore [lindex $diffcolors 2]
     $ctext tag conf d0 -fore [lindex $diffcolors 0]
     $ctext tag conf dresult -fore [lindex $diffcolors 1]
-    $ctext tag conf m0 -fore red
-    $ctext tag conf m1 -fore blue
-    $ctext tag conf m2 -fore green
-    $ctext tag conf m3 -fore purple
-    $ctext tag conf m4 -fore brown
-    $ctext tag conf m5 -fore "#009090"
-    $ctext tag conf m6 -fore magenta
-    $ctext tag conf m7 -fore "#808000"
-    $ctext tag conf m8 -fore "#009000"
-    $ctext tag conf m9 -fore "#ff0080"
-    $ctext tag conf m10 -fore cyan
-    $ctext tag conf m11 -fore "#b07070"
-    $ctext tag conf m12 -fore "#70b0f0"
-    $ctext tag conf m13 -fore "#70f0b0"
-    $ctext tag conf m14 -fore "#f0b070"
-    $ctext tag conf m15 -fore "#ff70b0"
+    $ctext tag conf m0 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 0]
+    $ctext tag conf m1 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 1]
+    $ctext tag conf m2 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 2]
+    $ctext tag conf m3 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 3]
+    $ctext tag conf m4 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 4]
+    $ctext tag conf m5 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 5]
+    $ctext tag conf m6 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 6]
+    $ctext tag conf m7 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 7]
+    $ctext tag conf m8 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 8]
+    $ctext tag conf m9 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 9]
+    $ctext tag conf m10 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 10]
+    $ctext tag conf m11 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 11]
+    $ctext tag conf m12 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 12]
+    $ctext tag conf m13 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 13]
+    $ctext tag conf m14 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 14]
+    $ctext tag conf m15 -fore [lindex $mergecolors 15]
     $ctext tag conf mmax -fore darkgrey
     set mergemax 16
     $ctext tag conf mresult -font textfontbold
     $ctext tag conf msep -font textfontbold
-    $ctext tag conf found -back yellow
+    $ctext tag conf found -back $foundbgcolor
+    $ctext tag conf currentsearchhit -back $currentsearchhitbgcolor
+    $ctext tag conf wwrap -wrap word
 
     .pwbottom add .bleft
     if {!$use_ttk} {
@@ -2495,10 +2519,9 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     bindkey ? {dofind -1 1}
     bindkey f nextfile
     bind . <F5> updatecommits
-    bind . <Shift-F5> reloadcommits
+    bindmodfunctionkey Shift 5 reloadcommits
     bind . <F2> showrefs
-    bind . <Shift-F4> {newview 0}
-    catch { bind . <Shift-Key-XF86_Switch_VT_4> {newview 0} }
+    bindmodfunctionkey Shift 4 {newview 0}
     bind . <F4> edit_or_newview
     bind . <$M1B-q> doquit
     bind . <$M1B-f> {dofind 1 1}
@@ -2523,6 +2546,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     bind $cflist $ctxbut {pop_flist_menu %W %X %Y %x %y}
     bind $ctext $ctxbut {pop_diff_menu %W %X %Y %x %y}
     bind $ctext <Button-1> {focus %W}
+    bind $ctext <<Selection>> rehighlight_search_results
 
     set maincursor [. cget -cursor]
     set textcursor [$ctext cget -cursor]
@@ -2544,6 +2568,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	{mc "Compare with marked commit" command compare_commits}
 	{mc "Diff this -> marked commit" command {diffvsmark 0}}
 	{mc "Diff marked commit -> this" command {diffvsmark 1}}
+	{mc "Revert this commit" command revert}
     }
     $rowctxmenu configure -tearoff 0
 
@@ -2646,6 +2671,11 @@ proc bindkey {ev script} {
     }
 }
 
+proc bindmodfunctionkey {mod n script} {
+    bind . <$mod-F$n> $script
+    catch { bind . <$mod-XF86_Switch_VT_$n> $script }
+}
+
 # set the focus back to the toplevel for any click outside
 # the entry widgets
 proc click {w} {
@@ -2701,8 +2731,16 @@ proc savestuff {w} {
     global viewname viewfiles viewargs viewargscmd viewperm nextviewnum
     global cmitmode wrapcomment datetimeformat limitdiffs
     global colors uicolor bgcolor fgcolor diffcolors diffcontext selectbgcolor
+    global uifgcolor uifgdisabledcolor
+    global headbgcolor headfgcolor headoutlinecolor remotebgcolor
+    global tagbgcolor tagfgcolor tagoutlinecolor
+    global reflinecolor filesepbgcolor filesepfgcolor
+    global mergecolors foundbgcolor currentsearchhitbgcolor
+    global linehoverbgcolor linehoverfgcolor linehoveroutlinecolor circlecolors
+    global mainheadcirclecolor workingfilescirclecolor indexcirclecolor
+    global linkfgcolor circleoutlinecolor
     global autoselect autosellen extdifftool perfile_attrs markbgcolor use_ttk
-    global hideremotes want_ttk
+    global hideremotes want_ttk maxrefs
 
     if {$stuffsaved} return
     if {![winfo viewable .]} return
@@ -2724,6 +2762,7 @@ proc savestuff {w} {
 	puts $f [list set autoselect $autoselect]
 	puts $f [list set autosellen $autosellen]
 	puts $f [list set showneartags $showneartags]
+	puts $f [list set maxrefs $maxrefs]
 	puts $f [list set hideremotes $hideremotes]
 	puts $f [list set showlocalchanges $showlocalchanges]
 	puts $f [list set datetimeformat $datetimeformat]
@@ -2732,13 +2771,37 @@ proc savestuff {w} {
 	puts $f [list set want_ttk $want_ttk]
 	puts $f [list set bgcolor $bgcolor]
 	puts $f [list set fgcolor $fgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set uifgcolor $uifgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set uifgdisabledcolor $uifgdisabledcolor]
 	puts $f [list set colors $colors]
 	puts $f [list set diffcolors $diffcolors]
+	puts $f [list set mergecolors $mergecolors]
 	puts $f [list set markbgcolor $markbgcolor]
 	puts $f [list set diffcontext $diffcontext]
 	puts $f [list set selectbgcolor $selectbgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set foundbgcolor $foundbgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set currentsearchhitbgcolor $currentsearchhitbgcolor]
 	puts $f [list set extdifftool $extdifftool]
 	puts $f [list set perfile_attrs $perfile_attrs]
+	puts $f [list set headbgcolor $headbgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set headfgcolor $headfgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set headoutlinecolor $headoutlinecolor]
+	puts $f [list set remotebgcolor $remotebgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set tagbgcolor $tagbgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set tagfgcolor $tagfgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set tagoutlinecolor $tagoutlinecolor]
+	puts $f [list set reflinecolor $reflinecolor]
+	puts $f [list set filesepbgcolor $filesepbgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set filesepfgcolor $filesepfgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set linehoverbgcolor $linehoverbgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set linehoverfgcolor $linehoverfgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set linehoveroutlinecolor $linehoveroutlinecolor]
+	puts $f [list set mainheadcirclecolor $mainheadcirclecolor]
+	puts $f [list set workingfilescirclecolor $workingfilescirclecolor]
+	puts $f [list set indexcirclecolor $indexcirclecolor]
+	puts $f [list set circlecolors $circlecolors]
+	puts $f [list set linkfgcolor $linkfgcolor]
+	puts $f [list set circleoutlinecolor $circleoutlinecolor]
 
 	puts $f "set geometry(main) [wm geometry .]"
 	puts $f "set geometry(state) [wm state .]"
@@ -3309,6 +3372,7 @@ proc sel_flist {w x y} {
     } else {
 	catch {$ctext yview [lindex $difffilestart [expr {$l - 2}]]}
     }
+    suppress_highlighting_file_for_current_scrollpos
 }
 
 proc pop_flist_menu {w X Y x y} {
@@ -4595,6 +4659,8 @@ proc do_file_hl {serial} {
 	set gdtargs [concat -- $relative_paths]
     } elseif {$gdttype eq [mc "adding/removing string:"]} {
 	set gdtargs [list "-S$highlight_files"]
+    } elseif {$gdttype eq [mc "changing lines matching:"]} {
+	set gdtargs [list "-G$highlight_files"]
     } else {
 	# must be "containing:", i.e. we're searching commit info
 	return
@@ -5903,15 +5969,17 @@ proc drawcmittext {id row col} {
     global linehtag linentag linedtag selectedline
     global canvxmax boldids boldnameids fgcolor markedid
     global mainheadid nullid nullid2 circleitem circlecolors ctxbut
+    global mainheadcirclecolor workingfilescirclecolor indexcirclecolor
+    global circleoutlinecolor
 
     # listed is 0 for boundary, 1 for normal, 2 for negative, 3 for left, 4 for right
     set listed $cmitlisted($curview,$id)
     if {$id eq $nullid} {
-	set ofill red
+	set ofill $workingfilescirclecolor
     } elseif {$id eq $nullid2} {
-	set ofill green
+	set ofill $indexcirclecolor
     } elseif {$id eq $mainheadid} {
-	set ofill yellow
+	set ofill $mainheadcirclecolor
     } else {
 	set ofill [lindex $circlecolors $listed]
     }
@@ -5921,21 +5989,21 @@ proc drawcmittext {id row col} {
     if {$listed <= 2} {
 	set t [$canv create oval [expr {$x - $orad}] [expr {$y - $orad}] \
 		   [expr {$x + $orad - 1}] [expr {$y + $orad - 1}] \
-		   -fill $ofill -outline $fgcolor -width 1 -tags circle]
+		   -fill $ofill -outline $circleoutlinecolor -width 1 -tags circle]
     } elseif {$listed == 3} {
 	# triangle pointing left for left-side commits
 	set t [$canv create polygon \
 		   [expr {$x - $orad}] $y \
 		   [expr {$x + $orad - 1}] [expr {$y - $orad}] \
 		   [expr {$x + $orad - 1}] [expr {$y + $orad - 1}] \
-		   -fill $ofill -outline $fgcolor -width 1 -tags circle]
+		   -fill $ofill -outline $circleoutlinecolor -width 1 -tags circle]
     } else {
 	# triangle pointing right for right-side commits
 	set t [$canv create polygon \
 		   [expr {$x + $orad - 1}] $y \
 		   [expr {$x - $orad}] [expr {$y - $orad}] \
 		   [expr {$x - $orad}] [expr {$y + $orad - 1}] \
-		   -fill $ofill -outline $fgcolor -width 1 -tags circle]
+		   -fill $ofill -outline $circleoutlinecolor -width 1 -tags circle]
     }
     set circleitem($row) $t
     $canv raise $t
@@ -6323,6 +6391,9 @@ proc drawtags {id x xt y1} {
     global idtags idheads idotherrefs mainhead
     global linespc lthickness
     global canv rowtextx curview fgcolor bgcolor ctxbut
+    global headbgcolor headfgcolor headoutlinecolor remotebgcolor
+    global tagbgcolor tagfgcolor tagoutlinecolor
+    global reflinecolor
 
     set marks {}
     set ntags 0
@@ -6360,7 +6431,7 @@ proc drawtags {id x xt y1} {
 	set xt [expr {$xt + $delta + $wid + $lthickness + $linespc}]
     }
     set t [$canv create line $x $y1 [lindex $xvals end] $y1 \
-	       -width $lthickness -fill black -tags tag.$id]
+	       -width $lthickness -fill $reflinecolor -tags tag.$id]
     $canv lower $t
     foreach tag $marks x $xvals wid $wvals {
 	set tag_quoted [string map {% %%} $tag]
@@ -6371,13 +6442,14 @@ proc drawtags {id x xt y1} {
 	    # draw a tag
 	    set t [$canv create polygon $x [expr {$yt + $delta}] $xl $yt \
 		       $xr $yt $xr $yb $xl $yb $x [expr {$yb - $delta}] \
-		       -width 1 -outline black -fill yellow -tags tag.$id]
+		       -width 1 -outline $tagoutlinecolor -fill $tagbgcolor \
+		       -tags tag.$id]
 	    $canv bind $t <1> [list showtag $tag_quoted 1]
 	    set rowtextx([rowofcommit $id]) [expr {$xr + $linespc}]
 	} else {
 	    # draw a head or other ref
 	    if {[incr nheads -1] >= 0} {
-		set col green
+		set col $headbgcolor
 		if {$tag eq $mainhead} {
 		    set font mainfontbold
 		}
@@ -6393,10 +6465,10 @@ proc drawtags {id x xt y1} {
 		set yti [expr {$yt + 1}]
 		set xri [expr {$x + $rwid}]
 		$canv create polygon $xi $yti $xri $yti $xri $yb $xi $yb \
-			-width 0 -fill "#ffddaa" -tags tag.$id
+			-width 0 -fill $remotebgcolor -tags tag.$id
 	    }
 	}
-	set t [$canv create text $xl $y1 -anchor w -text $tag -fill $fgcolor \
+	set t [$canv create text $xl $y1 -anchor w -text $tag -fill $headfgcolor \
 		   -font $font -tags [list tag.$id text]]
 	if {$ntags >= 0} {
 	    $canv bind $t <1> [list showtag $tag_quoted 1]
@@ -6777,6 +6849,7 @@ proc appendwithlinks {text tags} {
 
 proc setlink {id lk} {
     global curview ctext pendinglinks
+    global linkfgcolor
 
     if {[string range $id 0 1] eq "-g"} {
       set id [string range $id 2 end]
@@ -6794,7 +6867,7 @@ proc setlink {id lk} {
 	set known [commitinview $id $curview]
     }
     if {$known} {
-	$ctext tag conf $lk -foreground blue -underline 1
+	$ctext tag conf $lk -foreground $linkfgcolor -underline 1
 	$ctext tag bind $lk <1> [list selbyid $id]
 	$ctext tag bind $lk <Enter> {linkcursor %W 1}
 	$ctext tag bind $lk <Leave> {linkcursor %W -1}
@@ -6857,7 +6930,7 @@ proc viewnextline {dir} {
 # add a list of tag or branch names at position pos
 # returns the number of names inserted
 proc appendrefs {pos ids var} {
-    global ctext linknum curview $var maxrefs
+    global ctext linknum curview $var maxrefs mainheadid
 
     if {[catch {$ctext index $pos}]} {
 	return 0
@@ -6870,24 +6943,54 @@ proc appendrefs {pos ids var} {
 	    lappend tags [list $tag $id]
 	}
     }
+
+    set sep {}
+    set tags [lsort -index 0 -decreasing $tags]
+    set nutags 0
+
     if {[llength $tags] > $maxrefs} {
-	$ctext insert $pos "[mc "many"] ([llength $tags])"
-    } else {
-	set tags [lsort -index 0 -decreasing $tags]
-	set sep {}
-	foreach ti $tags {
-	    set id [lindex $ti 1]
-	    set lk link$linknum
-	    incr linknum
-	    $ctext tag delete $lk
-	    $ctext insert $pos $sep
-	    $ctext insert $pos [lindex $ti 0] $lk
-	    setlink $id $lk
-	    set sep ", "
+	# If we are displaying heads, and there are too many,
+	# see if there are some important heads to display.
+	# Currently this means "master" and the current head.
+	set itags {}
+	if {$var eq "idheads"} {
+	    set utags {}
+	    foreach ti $tags {
+		set hname [lindex $ti 0]
+		set id [lindex $ti 1]
+		if {($hname eq "master" || $id eq $mainheadid) &&
+		    [llength $itags] < $maxrefs} {
+		    lappend itags $ti
+		} else {
+		    lappend utags $ti
+		}
+	    }
+	    set tags $utags
 	}
+	if {$itags ne {}} {
+	    set str [mc "and many more"]
+	    set sep " "
+	} else {
+	    set str [mc "many"]
+	}
+	$ctext insert $pos "$str ([llength $tags])"
+	set nutags [llength $tags]
+	set tags $itags
+    }
+
+    foreach ti $tags {
+	set id [lindex $ti 1]
+	set lk link$linknum
+	incr linknum
+	$ctext tag delete $lk
+	$ctext insert $pos $sep
+	$ctext insert $pos [lindex $ti 0] $lk
+	setlink $id $lk
+	set sep ", "
     }
+    $ctext tag add wwrap "$pos linestart" "$pos lineend"
     $ctext conf -state disabled
-    return [llength $tags]
+    return [expr {[llength $tags] + $nutags}]
 }
 
 # called when we have finished computing the nearby tags
@@ -7519,9 +7622,13 @@ proc diffcmd {ids flags} {
 }
 
 proc gettreediffs {ids} {
-    global treediff treepending
+    global treediff treepending limitdiffs vfilelimit curview
 
-    if {[catch {set gdtf [open [diffcmd $ids {--no-commit-id}] r]}]} return
+    set cmd [diffcmd $ids {--no-commit-id}]
+    if {$limitdiffs && $vfilelimit($curview) ne {}} {
+	    set cmd [concat $cmd -- $vfilelimit($curview)]
+    }
+    if {[catch {set gdtf [open $cmd r]}]} return
 
     set treepending $ids
     set treediff {}
@@ -7565,17 +7672,7 @@ proc gettreediffline {gdtf ids} {
 	return [expr {$nr >= $max? 2: 1}]
     }
     close $gdtf
-    if {$limitdiffs && $vfilelimit($curview) ne {}} {
-	set flist {}
-	foreach f $treediff {
-	    if {[path_filter $vfilelimit($curview) $f]} {
-		lappend flist $f
-	    }
-	}
-	set treediffs($ids) $flist
-    } else {
-	set treediffs($ids) $treediff
-    }
+    set treediffs($ids) $treediff
     unset treepending
     if {$cmitmode eq "tree" && [llength $diffids] == 1} {
 	gettree $diffids
@@ -7947,32 +8044,45 @@ proc changediffdisp {} {
     $ctext tag conf dresult -elide [lindex $diffelide 1]
 }
 
-proc highlightfile {loc cline} {
-    global ctext cflist cflist_top
+proc highlightfile {cline} {
+    global cflist cflist_top
+
+    if {![info exists cflist_top]} return
 
-    $ctext yview $loc
     $cflist tag remove highlight $cflist_top.0 "$cflist_top.0 lineend"
     $cflist tag add highlight $cline.0 "$cline.0 lineend"
     $cflist see $cline.0
     set cflist_top $cline
 }
 
+proc highlightfile_for_scrollpos {topidx} {
+    global cmitmode difffilestart
+
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} return
+    if {![info exists difffilestart]} return
+
+    set top [lindex [split $topidx .] 0]
+    if {$difffilestart eq {} || $top < [lindex $difffilestart 0]} {
+	highlightfile 0
+    } else {
+	highlightfile [expr {[bsearch $difffilestart $top] + 2}]
+    }
+}
+
 proc prevfile {} {
     global difffilestart ctext cmitmode
 
     if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} return
     set prev 0.0
-    set prevline 1
     set here [$ctext index @0,0]
     foreach loc $difffilestart {
 	if {[$ctext compare $loc >= $here]} {
-	    highlightfile $prev $prevline
+	    $ctext yview $prev
 	    return
 	}
 	set prev $loc
-	incr prevline
     }
-    highlightfile $prev $prevline
+    $ctext yview $prev
 }
 
 proc nextfile {} {
@@ -7980,11 +8090,9 @@ proc nextfile {} {
 
     if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} return
     set here [$ctext index @0,0]
-    set line 1
     foreach loc $difffilestart {
-	incr line
 	if {[$ctext compare $loc > $here]} {
-	    highlightfile $loc $line
+	    $ctext yview $loc
 	    return
 	}
     }
@@ -8030,7 +8138,6 @@ proc settabs {{firstab {}}} {
 proc incrsearch {name ix op} {
     global ctext searchstring searchdirn
 
-    $ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
     if {[catch {$ctext index anchor}]} {
 	# no anchor set, use start of selection, or of visible area
 	set sel [$ctext tag ranges sel]
@@ -8043,12 +8150,17 @@ proc incrsearch {name ix op} {
 	}
     }
     if {$searchstring ne {}} {
-	set here [$ctext search $searchdirn -- $searchstring anchor]
+	set here [$ctext search -count mlen $searchdirn -- $searchstring anchor]
 	if {$here ne {}} {
 	    $ctext see $here
+	    set mend "$here + $mlen c"
+	    $ctext tag remove sel 1.0 end
+	    $ctext tag add sel $here $mend
+	    suppress_highlighting_file_for_current_scrollpos
+	    highlightfile_for_scrollpos $here
 	}
-	searchmarkvisible 1
     }
+    rehighlight_search_results
 }
 
 proc dosearch {} {
@@ -8071,9 +8183,12 @@ proc dosearch {} {
 	    return
 	}
 	$ctext see $match
+	suppress_highlighting_file_for_current_scrollpos
+	highlightfile_for_scrollpos $match
 	set mend "$match + $mlen c"
 	$ctext tag add sel $match $mend
 	$ctext mark unset anchor
+	rehighlight_search_results
     }
 }
 
@@ -8097,21 +8212,41 @@ proc dosearchback {} {
 	    return
 	}
 	$ctext see $match
+	suppress_highlighting_file_for_current_scrollpos
+	highlightfile_for_scrollpos $match
 	set mend "$match + $ml c"
 	$ctext tag add sel $match $mend
 	$ctext mark unset anchor
+	rehighlight_search_results
+    }
+}
+
+proc rehighlight_search_results {} {
+    global ctext searchstring
+
+    $ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
+    $ctext tag remove currentsearchhit 1.0 end
+
+    if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+	searchmarkvisible 1
     }
 }
 
 proc searchmark {first last} {
     global ctext searchstring
 
+    set sel [$ctext tag ranges sel]
+
     set mend $first.0
     while {1} {
 	set match [$ctext search -count mlen -- $searchstring $mend $last.end]
 	if {$match eq {}} break
 	set mend "$match + $mlen c"
-	$ctext tag add found $match $mend
+	if {$sel ne {} && [$ctext compare $match == [lindex $sel 0]]} {
+	    $ctext tag add currentsearchhit $match $mend
+	} else {
+	    $ctext tag add found $match $mend
+	}
     }
 }
 
@@ -8137,8 +8272,23 @@ proc searchmarkvisible {doall} {
     }
 }
 
+proc suppress_highlighting_file_for_current_scrollpos {} {
+    global ctext suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos
+
+    set suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos [$ctext index @0,0]
+}
+
 proc scrolltext {f0 f1} {
-    global searchstring
+    global searchstring cmitmode ctext
+    global suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos
+
+    set topidx [$ctext index @0,0]
+    if {![info exists suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos]
+	|| $topidx ne $suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos} {
+	highlightfile_for_scrollpos $topidx
+    }
+
+    catch {unset suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos}
 
     .bleft.bottom.sb set $f0 $f1
     if {$searchstring ne {}} {
@@ -8354,6 +8504,8 @@ proc lineleave {id} {
 proc linehover {} {
     global hoverx hovery hoverid hovertimer
     global canv linespc lthickness
+    global linehoverbgcolor linehoverfgcolor linehoveroutlinecolor
+
     global commitinfo
 
     set text [lindex $commitinfo($hoverid) 0]
@@ -8367,10 +8519,11 @@ proc linehover {} {
     set x1 [expr {$x + [font measure mainfont $text] + 2 * $lthickness}]
     set y1 [expr {$y + $linespc + 2 * $lthickness}]
     set t [$canv create rectangle $x0 $y0 $x1 $y1 \
-	       -fill \#ffff80 -outline black -width 1 -tags hover]
+	       -fill $linehoverbgcolor -outline $linehoveroutlinecolor \
+	       -width 1 -tags hover]
     $canv raise $t
     set t [$canv create text $x $y -anchor nw -text $text -tags hover \
-	       -font mainfont]
+	       -font mainfont -fill $linehoverfgcolor]
     $canv raise $t
 }
 
@@ -8934,12 +9087,13 @@ proc domktag {} {
 proc redrawtags {id} {
     global canv linehtag idpos currentid curview cmitlisted markedid
     global canvxmax iddrawn circleitem mainheadid circlecolors
+    global mainheadcirclecolor
 
     if {![commitinview $id $curview]} return
     if {![info exists iddrawn($id)]} return
     set row [rowofcommit $id]
     if {$id eq $mainheadid} {
-	set ofill yellow
+	set ofill $mainheadcirclecolor
     } else {
 	set ofill [lindex $circlecolors $cmitlisted($curview,$id)]
     }
@@ -9196,6 +9350,67 @@ proc cherrypick {} {
     notbusy cherrypick
 }
 
+proc revert {} {
+    global rowmenuid curview
+    global mainhead mainheadid
+    global gitdir
+
+    set oldhead [exec git rev-parse HEAD]
+    set dheads [descheads $rowmenuid]
+    if { $dheads eq {} || [lsearch -exact $dheads $oldhead] == -1 } {
+       set ok [confirm_popup [mc "Commit %s is not\
+           included in branch %s -- really revert it?" \
+                      [string range $rowmenuid 0 7] $mainhead]]
+       if {!$ok} return
+    }
+    nowbusy revert [mc "Reverting"]
+    update
+
+    if [catch {exec git revert --no-edit $rowmenuid} err] {
+        notbusy revert
+        if [regexp {files would be overwritten by merge:(\n(( |\t)+[^\n]+\n)+)}\
+                $err match files] {
+            regsub {\n( |\t)+} $files "\n" files
+            error_popup [mc "Revert failed because of local changes to\
+                the following files:%s Please commit, reset or stash \
+                your changes and try again." $files]
+        } elseif [regexp {error: could not revert} $err] {
+            if [confirm_popup [mc "Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n\
+                Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"]] {
+                # Force citool to read MERGE_MSG
+                file delete [file join $gitdir "GITGUI_MSG"]
+                exec_citool {} $rowmenuid
+            }
+        } else { error_popup $err }
+        run updatecommits
+        return
+    }
+
+    set newhead [exec git rev-parse HEAD]
+    if { $newhead eq $oldhead } {
+        notbusy revert
+        error_popup [mc "No changes committed"]
+        return
+    }
+
+    addnewchild $newhead $oldhead
+
+    if [commitinview $oldhead $curview] {
+        # XXX this isn't right if we have a path limit...
+        insertrow $newhead $oldhead $curview
+        if {$mainhead ne {}} {
+            movehead $newhead $mainhead
+            movedhead $newhead $mainhead
+        }
+        set mainheadid $newhead
+        redrawtags $oldhead
+        redrawtags $newhead
+        selbyid $newhead
+    }
+
+    notbusy revert
+}
+
 proc resethead {} {
     global mainhead rowmenuid confirm_ok resettype NS
 
@@ -10509,13 +10724,13 @@ proc anctags {id} {
 # including id itself if it has a head.
 proc descheads {id} {
     global arcnos arcstart arcids archeads idheads cached_dheads
-    global allparents
+    global allparents arcout
 
     if {![info exists allparents($id)]} {
 	return {}
     }
     set aret {}
-    if {[llength $arcnos($id)] == 1 && [llength $allparents($id)] == 1} {
+    if {![info exists arcout($id)]} {
 	# part-way along an arc; check it first
 	set a [lindex $arcnos($id) 0]
 	if {$archeads($a) ne {}} {
@@ -10675,7 +10890,7 @@ proc showtag {tag isnew} {
     set linknum 0
     if {![info exists cached_tagcontent($tag)]} {
 	catch {
-           set cached_tagcontent($tag) [exec git cat-file tag $tag]
+           set cached_tagcontent($tag) [exec git cat-file -p $tag]
 	}
     }
     if {[info exists cached_tagcontent($tag)]} {
@@ -10864,7 +11079,7 @@ proc create_prefs_page {w} {
 proc prefspage_general {notebook} {
     global NS maxwidth maxgraphpct showneartags showlocalchanges
     global tabstop limitdiffs autoselect autosellen extdifftool perfile_attrs
-    global hideremotes want_ttk have_ttk
+    global hideremotes want_ttk have_ttk maxrefs
 
     set page [create_prefs_page $notebook.general]
 
@@ -10893,9 +11108,12 @@ proc prefspage_general {notebook} {
     ${NS}::label $page.tabstopl -text [mc "Tab spacing"]
     spinbox $page.tabstop -from 1 -to 20 -width 4 -textvariable tabstop
     grid x $page.tabstopl $page.tabstop -sticky w
-    ${NS}::checkbutton $page.ntag -text [mc "Display nearby tags"] \
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $page.ntag -text [mc "Display nearby tags/heads"] \
 	-variable showneartags
     grid x $page.ntag -sticky w
+    ${NS}::label $page.maxrefsl -text [mc "Maximum # tags/heads to show"]
+    spinbox $page.maxrefs -from 1 -to 1000 -width 4 -textvariable maxrefs
+    grid x $page.maxrefsl $page.maxrefs -sticky w
     ${NS}::checkbutton $page.ldiff -text [mc "Limit diffs to listed paths"] \
 	-variable limitdiffs
     grid x $page.ldiff -sticky w
@@ -11533,6 +11751,15 @@ if {[catch {package require Tk 8.4} err]} {
     exit 1
 }
 
+# on OSX bring the current Wish process window to front
+if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
+    exec osascript -e [format {
+        tell application "System Events"
+            set frontmost of processes whose unix id is %d to true
+        end tell
+    } [pid] ]
+}
+
 # Unset GIT_TRACE var if set
 if { [info exists ::env(GIT_TRACE)] } {
     unset ::env(GIT_TRACE)
@@ -11620,22 +11847,47 @@ if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
 set colors {green red blue magenta darkgrey brown orange}
 if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
     set uicolor SystemButtonFace
+    set uifgcolor SystemButtonText
+    set uifgdisabledcolor SystemDisabledText
     set bgcolor SystemWindow
-    set fgcolor SystemButtonText
+    set fgcolor SystemWindowText
     set selectbgcolor SystemHighlight
 } else {
     set uicolor grey85
+    set uifgcolor black
+    set uifgdisabledcolor "#999"
     set bgcolor white
     set fgcolor black
     set selectbgcolor gray85
 }
 set diffcolors {red "#00a000" blue}
 set diffcontext 3
+set mergecolors {red blue green purple brown "#009090" magenta "#808000" "#009000" "#ff0080" cyan "#b07070" "#70b0f0" "#70f0b0" "#f0b070" "#ff70b0"}
 set ignorespace 0
 set worddiff ""
 set markbgcolor "#e0e0ff"
 
+set headbgcolor green
+set headfgcolor black
+set headoutlinecolor black
+set remotebgcolor #ffddaa
+set tagbgcolor yellow
+set tagfgcolor black
+set tagoutlinecolor black
+set reflinecolor black
+set filesepbgcolor #aaaaaa
+set filesepfgcolor black
+set linehoverbgcolor #ffff80
+set linehoverfgcolor black
+set linehoveroutlinecolor black
+set mainheadcirclecolor yellow
+set workingfilescirclecolor red
+set indexcirclecolor green
 set circlecolors {white blue gray blue blue}
+set linkfgcolor blue
+set circleoutlinecolor $fgcolor
+set foundbgcolor yellow
+set currentsearchhitbgcolor orange
 
 # button for popping up context menus
 if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/sv.po b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
index 2f07a2e..df95e01 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/sv.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
@@ -1,40 +1,50 @@
 # Swedish translation for gitk
-# Copyright (C) 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2013 Paul Mackerras
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
 #
-# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2008-2010.
 # Mikael Magnusson <mikachu@gmail.com>, 2008.
+# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013.
+#
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: sv\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-09-12 21:14+0100\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-12 21:16+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-05-16 08:06+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-05-16 08:12+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
 "Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
+"Language: sv\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
-"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 
-#: gitk:115
+#: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hämta lista över ej sammanslagna filer:"
 
-#: gitk:274
+#: gitk:210 gitk:2334
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr "Färga ord"
+
+#: gitk:215 gitk:2334 gitk:7977 gitk:8010
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr "Märk upp ord"
+
+#: gitk:312
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Fel vid tolkning av revisioner:"
 
-#: gitk:330
+#: gitk:368
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av --argscmd-kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:343
+#: gitk:381
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer som inte har "
 "slagits samman."
 
-#: gitk:346
+#: gitk:384
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -42,605 +52,625 @@ msgstr ""
 "Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer inom "
 "filbegränsningen."
 
-#: gitk:368 gitk:516
+#: gitk:406 gitk:554
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av git log:"
 
-#: gitk:386 gitk:532
+#: gitk:424 gitk:570
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Läser"
 
-#: gitk:446 gitk:4271
+#: gitk:484 gitk:4409
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Läser incheckningar..."
 
-#: gitk:449 gitk:1580 gitk:4274
+#: gitk:487 gitk:1625 gitk:4412
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Inga incheckningar markerade"
 
-#: gitk:1456
+#: gitk:1499
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Kan inte tolka utdata från git log:"
 
-#: gitk:1676
+#: gitk:1719
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Ingen incheckningsinformation är tillgänglig"
 
-#: gitk:1818
+#: gitk:1876
 msgid "mc"
 msgstr "mc"
 
-#: gitk:1853 gitk:4064 gitk:9067 gitk:10607 gitk:10817
+#: gitk:1911 gitk:4202 gitk:9437 gitk:10979 gitk:11258
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "OK"
 
-#: gitk:1855 gitk:4066 gitk:8657 gitk:8736 gitk:8851 gitk:8900 gitk:9069
-#: gitk:10608 gitk:10818
+#: gitk:1913 gitk:4204 gitk:8964 gitk:9043 gitk:9159 gitk:9208 gitk:9439
+#: gitk:10980 gitk:11259
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Avbryt"
 
-#: gitk:1980
+#: gitk:2048
 msgid "Update"
 msgstr "Uppdatera"
 
-#: gitk:1981
+#: gitk:2049
 msgid "Reload"
 msgstr "Ladda om"
 
-#: gitk:1982
+#: gitk:2050
 msgid "Reread references"
 msgstr "Läs om referenser"
 
-#: gitk:1983
+#: gitk:2051
 msgid "List references"
 msgstr "Visa referenser"
 
-#: gitk:1985
+#: gitk:2053
 msgid "Start git gui"
 msgstr "Starta git gui"
 
-#: gitk:1987
+#: gitk:2055
 msgid "Quit"
 msgstr "Avsluta"
 
-#: gitk:1979
+#: gitk:2047
 msgid "File"
 msgstr "Arkiv"
 
-#: gitk:1991
+#: gitk:2059
 msgid "Preferences"
 msgstr "Inställningar"
 
-#: gitk:1990
+#: gitk:2058
 msgid "Edit"
 msgstr "Redigera"
 
-#: gitk:1995
+#: gitk:2063
 msgid "New view..."
 msgstr "Ny vy..."
 
-#: gitk:1996
+#: gitk:2064
 msgid "Edit view..."
 msgstr "Ändra vy..."
 
-#: gitk:1997
+#: gitk:2065
 msgid "Delete view"
 msgstr "Ta bort vy"
 
-#: gitk:1999
+#: gitk:2067
 msgid "All files"
 msgstr "Alla filer"
 
-#: gitk:1994 gitk:3817
+#: gitk:2062 gitk:3955
 msgid "View"
 msgstr "Visa"
 
-#: gitk:2004 gitk:2014 gitk:2787
+#: gitk:2072 gitk:2082 gitk:2925
 msgid "About gitk"
 msgstr "Om gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2005 gitk:2019
+#: gitk:2073 gitk:2087
 msgid "Key bindings"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar"
 
-#: gitk:2003 gitk:2018
+#: gitk:2071 gitk:2086
 msgid "Help"
 msgstr "Hjälp"
 
-#: gitk:2096 gitk:8132
+#: gitk:2164 gitk:8420
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1-id:"
 
-#: gitk:2127
+#: gitk:2208
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Rad"
 
-#: gitk:2165
+#: gitk:2246
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Sök"
 
-#: gitk:2166
+#: gitk:2247
 msgid "next"
 msgstr "nästa"
 
-#: gitk:2167
+#: gitk:2248
 msgid "prev"
 msgstr "föreg"
 
-#: gitk:2168
+#: gitk:2249
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2171 gitk:2173 gitk:4432 gitk:4455 gitk:4479 gitk:6420 gitk:6492
-#: gitk:6576
+#: gitk:2252 gitk:2254 gitk:4570 gitk:4593 gitk:4617 gitk:6592 gitk:6664
+#: gitk:6749
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "som innehåller:"
 
-#: gitk:2174 gitk:3298 gitk:3303 gitk:4507
+#: gitk:2255 gitk:3437 gitk:3442 gitk:4646
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "som rör sökväg:"
 
-#: gitk:2175 gitk:4512
+#: gitk:2256 gitk:4660
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "som lägger/till tar bort sträng:"
 
-#: gitk:2184 gitk:2186
+#: gitk:2257 gitk:4662
+msgid "changing lines matching:"
+msgstr "ändrar rader som matchar:"
+
+#: gitk:2266 gitk:2268 gitk:4649
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Exakt"
 
-#: gitk:2186 gitk:4587 gitk:6388
+#: gitk:2268 gitk:4737 gitk:6560
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "IgnVersaler"
 
-#: gitk:2186 gitk:4481 gitk:4585 gitk:6384
+#: gitk:2268 gitk:4619 gitk:4735 gitk:6556
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Reg.uttr."
 
-#: gitk:2188 gitk:2189 gitk:4606 gitk:4636 gitk:4643 gitk:6512 gitk:6580
+#: gitk:2270 gitk:2271 gitk:4757 gitk:4787 gitk:4794 gitk:6685 gitk:6753
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Alla fält"
 
-#: gitk:2189 gitk:4604 gitk:4636 gitk:6451
+#: gitk:2271 gitk:4754 gitk:4787 gitk:6623
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Rubrik"
 
-#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:6580 gitk:7013
+#: gitk:2272 gitk:4754 gitk:6623 gitk:6753 gitk:7221
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Kommentarer"
 
-#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:4608 gitk:4643 gitk:6451 gitk:6948 gitk:8307
-#: gitk:8322
+#: gitk:2272 gitk:4754 gitk:4759 gitk:4794 gitk:6623 gitk:7156 gitk:8598
+#: gitk:8613
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Författare"
 
-#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:6950
+#: gitk:2272 gitk:4754 gitk:6623 gitk:7158
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Incheckare"
 
-#: gitk:2221
+#: gitk:2303
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Sök"
 
-#: gitk:2229
+#: gitk:2311
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Diff"
 
-#: gitk:2231
+#: gitk:2313
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Gammal version"
 
-#: gitk:2233
+#: gitk:2315
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Ny version"
 
-#: gitk:2235
+#: gitk:2317
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Rader sammanhang"
 
-#: gitk:2245
+#: gitk:2327
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Ignorera ändringar i blanksteg"
 
-#: gitk:2304
+#: gitk:2331 gitk:2333 gitk:7735 gitk:7963
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr "Rad-diff"
+
+#: gitk:2397
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Patch"
 
-#: gitk:2306
+#: gitk:2399
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Träd"
 
-#: gitk:2463 gitk:2480
+#: gitk:2557 gitk:2577
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Diff denna -> markerad"
 
-#: gitk:2464 gitk:2481
+#: gitk:2558 gitk:2578
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Diff markerad -> denna"
 
-#: gitk:2465 gitk:2482
+#: gitk:2559 gitk:2579
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Skapa patch"
 
-#: gitk:2466 gitk:8715
+#: gitk:2560 gitk:9022
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Skapa tagg"
 
-#: gitk:2467 gitk:8831
+#: gitk:2561 gitk:9139
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Skriv incheckning till fil"
 
-#: gitk:2468 gitk:8888
+#: gitk:2562 gitk:9196
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Skapa ny gren"
 
-#: gitk:2469
+#: gitk:2563
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Plocka denna incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2470
+#: gitk:2564
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "Återställ HEAD-grenen hit"
 
-#: gitk:2471
+#: gitk:2565
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "Markera denna incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2472
+#: gitk:2566
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Återgå till markering"
 
-#: gitk:2473
+#: gitk:2567
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Hitta efterföljare till denna och markera"
 
-#: gitk:2474
+#: gitk:2568
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "Jämför med markerad incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2488
+#: gitk:2569 gitk:2580
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Diff denna -> markerad incheckning"
+
+#: gitk:2570 gitk:2581
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Diff markerad incheckning -> denna"
+
+#: gitk:2571
+msgid "Revert this commit"
+msgstr "Ã…ngra denna incheckning"
+
+#: gitk:2587
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Checka ut denna gren"
 
-#: gitk:2489
+#: gitk:2588
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Ta bort denna gren"
 
-#: gitk:2496
+#: gitk:2595
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Markera även detta"
 
-#: gitk:2497
+#: gitk:2596
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Markera bara detta"
 
-#: gitk:2498
+#: gitk:2597
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Extern diff"
 
-#: gitk:2499
+#: gitk:2598
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "Klandra föräldraincheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2506
+#: gitk:2605
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Visa ursprunget för den här raden"
 
-#: gitk:2507
+#: gitk:2606
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Kör git gui blame på den här raden"
 
-#: gitk:2789
+#: gitk:2927
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright ©9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright ©9 2005-2011 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - en incheckningsvisare för git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright ©9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright ©9 2005-2011 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Använd och vidareförmedla enligt villkoren i GNU General Public License"
 
-#: gitk:2797 gitk:2862 gitk:9253
+#: gitk:2935 gitk:3000 gitk:9623
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Stäng"
 
-#: gitk:2818
+#: gitk:2956
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2821
+#: gitk:2959
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:2823
+#: gitk:2961
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tAvsluta"
 
-#: gitk:2824
+#: gitk:2962
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
 msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tStäng fönster"
 
-#: gitk:2825
+#: gitk:2963
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\tGå till första incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2826
+#: gitk:2964
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\tGÃ¥ till sista incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2827
-msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
-msgstr "<Upp>, p, i\tGÃ¥ en incheckning upp"
+#: gitk:2965
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Upp>, p, k\tGÃ¥ en incheckning upp"
 
-#: gitk:2828
-msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
-msgstr "<Ned>, n, k\tGÃ¥ en incheckning ned"
+#: gitk:2966
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Ned>, n, j\tGÃ¥ en incheckning ned"
 
-#: gitk:2829
-msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
-msgstr "<Vänster>, z, j\tGå bakåt i historiken"
+#: gitk:2967
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Vänster>, z, h\tGå bakåt i historiken"
 
-#: gitk:2830
+#: gitk:2968
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Höger>, x, l\tGå framåt i historiken"
 
-#: gitk:2831
+#: gitk:2969
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tGÃ¥ upp en sida i incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2832
+#: gitk:2970
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tGÃ¥ ned en sida i incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2833
+#: gitk:2971
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tRulla till början av incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2834
+#: gitk:2972
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tRulla till slutet av incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2835
+#: gitk:2973
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Upp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp ett steg"
 
-#: gitk:2836
+#: gitk:2974
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Ned>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned ett steg"
 
-#: gitk:2837
+#: gitk:2975
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2838
+#: gitk:2976
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2839
+#: gitk:2977
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Skift-Upp>\tSök bakåt (uppåt, senare incheckningar)"
 
-#: gitk:2840
+#: gitk:2978
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Skift-Ned>\tSök framåt (nedåt, tidigare incheckningar)"
 
-#: gitk:2841
+#: gitk:2979
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2842
+#: gitk:2980
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Baksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2843
+#: gitk:2981
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Blanksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen ned en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2844
+#: gitk:2982
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tRulla diffvisningen upp 18 rader"
 
-#: gitk:2845
+#: gitk:2983
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tRulla diffvisningen ned 18 rader"
 
-#: gitk:2846
+#: gitk:2984
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tSök"
 
-#: gitk:2847
+#: gitk:2985
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2848
+#: gitk:2986
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2849
+#: gitk:2987
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tFokusera sökrutan"
 
-#: gitk:2850
+#: gitk:2988
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tGå till föregående sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2851
+#: gitk:2989
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tRulla diffvisningen till nästa fil"
 
-#: gitk:2852
+#: gitk:2990
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff i diffvisningen"
 
-#: gitk:2853
+#: gitk:2991
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tGå till föregående sökträff i diffvisningen"
 
-#: gitk:2854
+#: gitk:2992
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Num+>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2855
+#: gitk:2993
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2856
+#: gitk:2994
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Num->\tMinska teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2857
+#: gitk:2995
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tMinska teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2858
+#: gitk:2996
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tUppdatera"
 
-#: gitk:3313 gitk:3322
+#: gitk:3451 gitk:3460
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skapande av temporär katalog %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3335
+#: gitk:3473
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av  \"%s\" från %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3398
+#: gitk:3536
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "kommando misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3547
+#: gitk:3685
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Incheckning saknas"
 
-#: gitk:3561
+#: gitk:3699
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame: kommando misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3592
+#: gitk:3730
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa sammanslagningshuvud: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3600
+#: gitk:3738
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid läsning av index: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3625
+#: gitk:3763
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte starta git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3628 gitk:6419
+#: gitk:3766 gitk:6591
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Söker"
 
-#: gitk:3660
+#: gitk:3798
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3688
+#: gitk:3826
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr "Raden kommer från incheckningen %s, som inte finns i denna vy"
 
-#: gitk:3702
+#: gitk:3840
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3820
+#: gitk:3958
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Definition av Gitk-vy"
 
-#: gitk:3824
+#: gitk:3962
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Spara denna vy"
 
-#: gitk:3825
+#: gitk:3963
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Referenser (blankstegsavdelad lista):"
 
-#: gitk:3826
+#: gitk:3964
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "Grenar & taggar:"
 
-#: gitk:3827
+#: gitk:3965
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "Alla referenser"
 
-#: gitk:3828
+#: gitk:3966
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "Alla (lokala) grenar"
 
-#: gitk:3829
+#: gitk:3967
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "Alla taggar"
 
-#: gitk:3830
+#: gitk:3968
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "Alla fjärrspårande grenar"
 
-#: gitk:3831
+#: gitk:3969
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Incheckningsinfo (reguljära uttryck):"
 
-#: gitk:3832
+#: gitk:3970
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Författare:"
 
-#: gitk:3833
+#: gitk:3971
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Incheckare:"
 
-#: gitk:3834
+#: gitk:3972
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: gitk:3835
+#: gitk:3973
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "Motsvarar alla kriterier för incheckningsinfo"
 
-#: gitk:3836
+#: gitk:3974
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "Ändringar av filer:"
 
-#: gitk:3837
+#: gitk:3975
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "Fast sträng"
 
-#: gitk:3838
+#: gitk:3976
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Reguljärt uttryck"
 
-#: gitk:3839
+#: gitk:3977
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "Söksträng:"
 
-#: gitk:3840
+#: gitk:3978
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -648,201 +678,201 @@ msgstr ""
 "Incheckingsdatum (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
 
-#: gitk:3841
+#: gitk:3979
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "Från:"
 
-#: gitk:3842
+#: gitk:3980
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "Till:"
 
-#: gitk:3843
+#: gitk:3981
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "Begränsa och/eller hoppa över ett antal revisioner (positivt heltal):"
 
-#: gitk:3844
+#: gitk:3982
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Antal att visa:"
 
-#: gitk:3845
+#: gitk:3983
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Antal att hoppa över:"
 
-#: gitk:3846
+#: gitk:3984
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "Diverse alternativ:"
 
-#: gitk:3847
+#: gitk:3985
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Strikt datumsortering"
 
-#: gitk:3848
+#: gitk:3986
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "Markera sidogrenar"
 
-#: gitk:3849
+#: gitk:3987
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Begränsa till första förälder"
 
-#: gitk:3850
+#: gitk:3988
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Enkel historik"
 
-#: gitk:3851
+#: gitk:3989
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "Ytterligare argument till git log:"
 
-#: gitk:3852
+#: gitk:3990
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Ange filer och kataloger att ta med, en per rad:"
 
-#: gitk:3853
+#: gitk:3991
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Kommando för att generera fler incheckningar att ta med:"
 
-#: gitk:3977
+#: gitk:4115
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: redigera vy"
 
-#: gitk:3985
+#: gitk:4123
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr " - kriterier för val av revisioner"
 
-#: gitk:3990
+#: gitk:4128
 msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "Namn på vy"
 
-#: gitk:4065
+#: gitk:4203
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Använd (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:4103
+#: gitk:4241
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Fel i argument för val av incheckningar:"
 
-#: gitk:4156 gitk:4208 gitk:4656 gitk:4670 gitk:5931 gitk:11551 gitk:11552
+#: gitk:4294 gitk:4346 gitk:4807 gitk:4821 gitk:6087 gitk:12041 gitk:12042
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Inget"
 
-#: gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:8309 gitk:8324
-msgid "Date"
-msgstr "Datum"
-
-#: gitk:4604 gitk:6451
-msgid "CDate"
-msgstr "Skapat datum"
-
-#: gitk:4753 gitk:4758
+#: gitk:4904 gitk:4909
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Avkomling"
 
-#: gitk:4754
+#: gitk:4905
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Inte avkomling"
 
-#: gitk:4761 gitk:4766
+#: gitk:4912 gitk:4917
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Förfader"
 
-#: gitk:4762
+#: gitk:4913
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Inte förfader"
 
-#: gitk:5052
+#: gitk:5203
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Lokala ändringar sparade i indexet men inte incheckade"
 
-#: gitk:5088
+#: gitk:5239
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Lokala ändringar, ej sparade i indexet"
 
-#: gitk:6769
+#: gitk:6971
+msgid "and many more"
+msgstr "med många flera"
+
+#: gitk:6974
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "många"
 
-#: gitk:6952
+#: gitk:7160
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Taggar:"
 
-#: gitk:6969 gitk:6975 gitk:8302
+#: gitk:7177 gitk:7183 gitk:8593
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Förälder"
 
-#: gitk:6980
+#: gitk:7188
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Barn"
 
-#: gitk:6989
+#: gitk:7197
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Gren"
 
-#: gitk:6992
+#: gitk:7200
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Följer"
 
-#: gitk:6995
+#: gitk:7203
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Föregår"
 
-#: gitk:7532
+#: gitk:7742
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av diff: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8130
+#: gitk:8418
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "GÃ¥ till:"
 
-#: gitk:8151
+#: gitk:8439
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "Förkortat SHA1-id %s är tvetydigt"
 
-#: gitk:8158
+#: gitk:8446
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "Revisionen %s är inte känd"
 
-#: gitk:8168
+#: gitk:8456
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "SHA-id:t %s är inte känt"
 
-#: gitk:8170
+#: gitk:8458
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "Revisionen %s finns inte i den nuvarande vyn"
 
-#: gitk:8312
+#: gitk:8600 gitk:8615
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Datum"
+
+#: gitk:8603
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Barn"
 
-#: gitk:8370
+#: gitk:8666
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Återställ grenen %s hit"
 
-#: gitk:8372
+#: gitk:8668
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Frånkopplad head: kan inte återställa"
 
-#: gitk:8481 gitk:8487
+#: gitk:8773 gitk:8779
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "Hoppar över sammanslagningsincheckning "
 
-#: gitk:8496 gitk:8501
+#: gitk:8788 gitk:8793
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av patch-id för "
 
-#: gitk:8497 gitk:8502
+#: gitk:8789 gitk:8794
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " - stannar\n"
 
-#: gitk:8507 gitk:8510 gitk:8518 gitk:8532 gitk:8541
+#: gitk:8799 gitk:8802 gitk:8810 gitk:8824 gitk:8833
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "Incheckning "
 
-#: gitk:8511
+#: gitk:8803
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -850,7 +880,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " är samma patch som\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8519
+#: gitk:8811
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -858,7 +888,7 @@ msgstr ""
 " skiljer sig från\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8521
+#: gitk:8813
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -866,131 +896,131 @@ msgstr ""
 "Skillnad mellan incheckningar:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: gitk:8533 gitk:8542
+#: gitk:8825 gitk:8834
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr " har %s barn - stannar\n"
 
-#: gitk:8561
+#: gitk:8853
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid skrivning av incheckning till fil: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8567
+#: gitk:8859
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid jämförelse av incheckningar: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8598
+#: gitk:8905
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Topp"
 
-#: gitk:8599
+#: gitk:8906
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "Från"
 
-#: gitk:8604
+#: gitk:8911
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "Till"
 
-#: gitk:8628
+#: gitk:8935
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Generera patch"
 
-#: gitk:8630
+#: gitk:8937
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "Från:"
 
-#: gitk:8639
+#: gitk:8946
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "Till:"
 
-#: gitk:8648
+#: gitk:8955
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Vänd"
 
-#: gitk:8650 gitk:8845
+#: gitk:8957 gitk:9153
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Utdatafil:"
 
-#: gitk:8656
+#: gitk:8963
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Generera"
 
-#: gitk:8694
+#: gitk:9001
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Fel vid generering av patch:"
 
-#: gitk:8717 gitk:8833 gitk:8890
+#: gitk:9024 gitk:9141 gitk:9198
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "Id:"
 
-#: gitk:8726
+#: gitk:9033
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Taggnamn:"
 
-#: gitk:8729
+#: gitk:9036
 msgid "Tag message is optional"
 msgstr "Taggmeddelandet är valfritt"
 
-#: gitk:8731
+#: gitk:9038
 msgid "Tag message:"
 msgstr "Taggmeddelande:"
 
-#: gitk:8735 gitk:8899
+#: gitk:9042 gitk:9207
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Skapa"
 
-#: gitk:8753
+#: gitk:9060
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Inget taggnamn angavs"
 
-#: gitk:8757
+#: gitk:9064
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "Taggen \"%s\" finns redan"
 
-#: gitk:8767
+#: gitk:9074
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skapande av tagg:"
 
-#: gitk:8842
+#: gitk:9150
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:8850
+#: gitk:9158
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Skriv"
 
-#: gitk:8868
+#: gitk:9176
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skrivning av incheckning:"
 
-#: gitk:8895
+#: gitk:9203
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Namn:"
 
-#: gitk:8918
+#: gitk:9226
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Ange ett namn för den nya grenen"
 
-#: gitk:8923
+#: gitk:9231
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" finns redan. Skriva över?"
 
-#: gitk:8989
+#: gitk:9298
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
 "Incheckningen %s finns redan på grenen %s -- skall den verkligen appliceras "
 "på nytt?"
 
-#: gitk:8994
+#: gitk:9303
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Plockar"
 
-#: gitk:9003
+#: gitk:9312
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -1000,7 +1030,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Checka in, återställ eller spara undan (stash) dina ändringar och försök "
 "igen."
 
-#: gitk:9009
+#: gitk:9318
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1008,32 +1038,59 @@ msgstr ""
 "Cherry-pick misslyckades på grund av en sammanslagningskonflikt.\n"
 "Vill du köra git citool för att lösa den?"
 
-#: gitk:9025
+#: gitk:9334 gitk:9392
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Inga ändringar incheckade"
 
-#: gitk:9051
+#: gitk:9361
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is not included in branch %s -- really revert it?"
+msgstr "Incheckningen %s finns inte på grenen %s -- vill du verkligen ångra?"
+
+#: gitk:9366
+msgid "Reverting"
+msgstr "Ã…ngrar"
+
+#: gitk:9374
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of local changes to the following files:%s Please "
+"commit, reset or stash  your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Misslyckades med att ångra på grund av lokala ändringar i följande filer:%s. "
+"Checka in, återställ eller spara undan (stash) dina ändringar och försök "
+"igen."
+
+#: gitk:9378
+msgid ""
+"Revert failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+" Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Misslyckades med att ångra på grund av en sammanslagningskonflikt.\n"
+" Vill du köra git citool för att lösa den?"
+
+#: gitk:9421
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Bekräfta återställning"
 
-#: gitk:9053
+#: gitk:9423
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Återställa grenen %s till %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9055
+#: gitk:9425
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Typ av återställning:"
 
-#: gitk:9058
+#: gitk:9428
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Mjuk: Rör inte utcheckning och index"
 
-#: gitk:9061
+#: gitk:9431
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Blandad: Rör inte utcheckning, återställ index"
 
-#: gitk:9064
+#: gitk:9434
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1041,19 +1098,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hård: Återställ utcheckning och index\n"
 "(förkastar ALLA lokala ändringar)"
 
-#: gitk:9081
+#: gitk:9451
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Återställer"
 
-#: gitk:9141
+#: gitk:9511
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Checkar ut"
 
-#: gitk:9194
+#: gitk:9564
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "Kan inte ta bort den just nu utcheckade grenen"
 
-#: gitk:9200
+#: gitk:9570
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1062,16 +1119,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Incheckningarna på grenen %s existerar inte på någon annan gren.\n"
 "Vill du verkligen ta bort grenen %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9231
+#: gitk:9601
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Taggar och huvuden: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9246
+#: gitk:9616
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filter"
 
-#: gitk:9541
+#: gitk:9912
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1079,206 +1136,223 @@ msgstr ""
 "Fel vid läsning av information om incheckningstopologi; information om "
 "grenar och föregående/senare taggar kommer inte vara komplett."
 
-#: gitk:10527
+#: gitk:10899
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Tagg"
 
-#: gitk:10527
+#: gitk:10899
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:10576
+#: gitk:10948
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Teckensnittsväljare för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:10593
+#: gitk:10965
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "F"
 
-#: gitk:10596
+#: gitk:10968
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "K"
 
-#: gitk:10714
-msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "Inställningar för Gitk"
-
-#: gitk:10716
+#: gitk:11086
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningslistvy"
 
-#: gitk:10719
+#: gitk:11089
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (rader)"
 
-#: gitk:10722
+#: gitk:11092
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (% av ruta)"
 
-#: gitk:10725
+#: gitk:11095
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Visa lokala ändringar"
 
-#: gitk:10728
-msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
-msgstr "Välj SHA1 automatiskt"
+#: gitk:11098
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
+msgstr "Välj SHA1 (längd) automatiskt"
 
-#: gitk:10731
+#: gitk:11102
 msgid "Hide remote refs"
 msgstr "Dölj fjärr-referenser"
 
-#: gitk:10735
+#: gitk:11106
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för diffvy"
 
-#: gitk:10737
+#: gitk:11108
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Blanksteg för tabulatortecken"
 
-#: gitk:10740
-msgid "Display nearby tags"
-msgstr "Visa närliggande taggar"
+#: gitk:11111
+msgid "Display nearby tags/heads"
+msgstr "Visa närliggande taggar/huvuden"
+
+#: gitk:11114
+msgid "Maximum # tags/heads to show"
+msgstr "Maximalt antal taggar/huvuden att visa"
 
-#: gitk:10743
+#: gitk:11117
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Begränsa diff till listade sökvägar"
 
-#: gitk:10746
+#: gitk:11120
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Stöd för filspecifika teckenkodningar"
 
-#: gitk:10752 gitk:10832
+#: gitk:11126 gitk:11273
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg"
 
-#: gitk:10753
+#: gitk:11127
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Välj..."
 
-#: gitk:10758
+#: gitk:11132
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Allmänna inställningar"
 
-#: gitk:10761
+#: gitk:11135
 msgid "Use themed widgets"
 msgstr "Använd tema på fönsterelement"
 
-#: gitk:10763
+#: gitk:11137
 msgid "(change requires restart)"
 msgstr "(ändringen kräver omstart)"
 
-#: gitk:10765
+#: gitk:11139
 msgid "(currently unavailable)"
 msgstr "(för närvarande inte tillgängligt)"
 
-#: gitk:10769
+#: gitk:11150
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Färger: tryck för att välja"
 
-#: gitk:10772
+#: gitk:11153
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "Gränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10773
+#: gitk:11154
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "gränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10776
+#: gitk:11157
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10777 gitk:10807
+#: gitk:11158 gitk:11188
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10780
+#: gitk:11161
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Förgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10781
+#: gitk:11162
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "förgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10784
+#: gitk:11165
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff: gamla rader"
 
-#: gitk:10785
+#: gitk:11166
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "diff gamla rader"
 
-#: gitk:10789
+#: gitk:11170
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff: nya rader"
 
-#: gitk:10790
+#: gitk:11171
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "diff nya rader"
 
-#: gitk:10794
+#: gitk:11175
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff: delhuvud"
 
-#: gitk:10796
+#: gitk:11177
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "diff delhuvud"
 
-#: gitk:10800
+#: gitk:11181
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "Markerad rad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10802
+#: gitk:11183
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "markerad rad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10806
+#: gitk:11187
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Markerad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10810
+#: gitk:11196
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt: tryck för att välja"
 
-#: gitk:10812
+#: gitk:11198
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Huvudteckensnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10813
+#: gitk:11199
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt för diffvisning"
 
-#: gitk:10814
+#: gitk:11200
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt för användargränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10842
+#: gitk:11222
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Inställningar för Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11231
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "Allmänt"
+
+#: gitk:11232
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr "Färger"
+
+#: gitk:11233
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr "Teckensnitt"
+
+#: gitk:11283
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: välj färg för %s"
 
-#: gitk:11445
+#: gitk:11937
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Hittar inget git-arkiv här."
 
-#: gitk:11449
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
-msgstr "Hittar inte git-katalogen \"%s\"."
-
-#: gitk:11496
+#: gitk:11984
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "Tvetydigt argument \"%s\": både revision och filnamn"
 
-#: gitk:11508
+#: gitk:11996
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Felaktiga argument till gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:11604
+#: gitk:12099
 msgid "Command line"
 msgstr "Kommandorad"
 
+#~ msgid "CDate"
+#~ msgstr "Skapat datum"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+#~ msgstr "Hittar inte git-katalogen \"%s\"."
+
 #~ msgid "SHA1 ID: "
 #~ msgstr "SHA1-id: "
 
diff --git a/gitweb/INSTALL b/gitweb/INSTALL
index 6d45406..408f285 100644
--- a/gitweb/INSTALL
+++ b/gitweb/INSTALL
@@ -243,14 +243,11 @@ for gitweb (in gitweb/README), and gitweb.conf(5) manpage.
   GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM build configuration variable, and override it
   through the GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM environment variable.
 
-  Note that if per-instance configuration file exists, then system-wide
-  configuration is _not used at all_.  This is quite untypical and suprising
-  behavior.  On the other hand changing current behavior would break backwards
-  compatibility and can lead to unexpected changes in gitweb behavior.
-  Therefore gitweb also looks for common system-wide configuration file,
-  normally /etc/gitweb-common.conf (set during build time using build time
-  configuration variable GITWEB_CONFIG_COMMON, set it at runtime using
-  environment variable with the same name).  Settings from per-instance or
+  Note that the GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM system-wide configuration file is
+  only used for instances that lack per-instance configuration file.
+  You can use GITWEB_CONFIG_COMMON common system-wide configuration
+  file (normally /etc/gitweb-common.conf) to keep common default
+  settings that apply to all instances.  Settings from per-instance or
   system-wide configuration file override those from common system-wide
   configuration file.
 
diff --git a/gitweb/gitweb.perl b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
index 1309196..80950c0 100755
--- a/gitweb/gitweb.perl
+++ b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ sub evaluate_gitweb_config {
 	our $GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM = $ENV{'GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM'} || "++GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM++";
 	our $GITWEB_CONFIG_COMMON = $ENV{'GITWEB_CONFIG_COMMON'} || "++GITWEB_CONFIG_COMMON++";
 
-	# Protect agains duplications of file names, to not read config twice.
+	# Protect against duplications of file names, to not read config twice.
 	# Only one of $GITWEB_CONFIG and $GITWEB_CONFIG_SYSTEM is used, so
 	# there possibility of duplication of filename there doesn't matter.
 	$GITWEB_CONFIG = ""        if ($GITWEB_CONFIG eq $GITWEB_CONFIG_COMMON);
@@ -1136,7 +1136,7 @@ sub handle_errors_html {
 
 	# to avoid infinite loop where error occurs in die_error,
 	# change handler to default handler, disabling handle_errors_html
-	set_message("Error occured when inside die_error:\n$msg");
+	set_message("Error occurred when inside die_error:\n$msg");
 
 	# you cannot jump out of die_error when called as error handler;
 	# the subroutine set via CGI::Carp::set_message is called _after_
@@ -7485,7 +7485,7 @@ sub git_object {
 		system(git_cmd(), "cat-file", '-e', $hash_base) == 0
 			or die_error(404, "Base object does not exist");
 
-		# here errors should not hapen
+		# here errors should not happen
 		open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "ls-tree", $hash_base, "--", $file_name
 			or die_error(500, "Open git-ls-tree failed");
 		my $line = <$fd>;
diff --git a/gpg-interface.c b/gpg-interface.c
index 5f142f6..8b0e874 100644
--- a/gpg-interface.c
+++ b/gpg-interface.c
@@ -96,35 +96,39 @@ int sign_buffer(struct strbuf *buffer, struct strbuf *signature, const char *sig
 /*
  * Run "gpg" to see if the payload matches the detached signature.
  * gpg_output, when set, receives the diagnostic output from GPG.
+ * gpg_status, when set, receives the status output from GPG.
  */
 int verify_signed_buffer(const char *payload, size_t payload_size,
 			 const char *signature, size_t signature_size,
-			 struct strbuf *gpg_output)
+			 struct strbuf *gpg_output, struct strbuf *gpg_status)
 {
 	struct child_process gpg;
-	const char *args_gpg[] = {NULL, "--verify", "FILE", "-", NULL};
+	const char *args_gpg[] = {NULL, "--status-fd=1", "--verify", "FILE", "-", NULL};
 	char path[PATH_MAX];
 	int fd, ret;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf *pbuf = &buf;
 
 	args_gpg[0] = gpg_program;
 	fd = git_mkstemp(path, PATH_MAX, ".git_vtag_tmpXXXXXX");
 	if (fd < 0)
-		return error("could not create temporary file '%s': %s",
+		return error(_("could not create temporary file '%s': %s"),
 			     path, strerror(errno));
 	if (write_in_full(fd, signature, signature_size) < 0)
-		return error("failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s",
+		return error(_("failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"),
 			     path, strerror(errno));
 	close(fd);
 
 	memset(&gpg, 0, sizeof(gpg));
 	gpg.argv = args_gpg;
 	gpg.in = -1;
+	gpg.out = -1;
 	if (gpg_output)
 		gpg.err = -1;
-	args_gpg[2] = path;
+	args_gpg[3] = path;
 	if (start_command(&gpg)) {
 		unlink(path);
-		return error("could not run gpg.");
+		return error(_("could not run gpg."));
 	}
 
 	write_in_full(gpg.in, payload, payload_size);
@@ -134,9 +138,17 @@ int verify_signed_buffer(const char *payload, size_t payload_size,
 		strbuf_read(gpg_output, gpg.err, 0);
 		close(gpg.err);
 	}
+	if (gpg_status)
+		pbuf = gpg_status;
+	strbuf_read(pbuf, gpg.out, 0);
+	close(gpg.out);
+
 	ret = finish_command(&gpg);
 
 	unlink_or_warn(path);
 
+	ret |= !strstr(pbuf->buf, "\n[GNUPG:] GOODSIG ");
+	strbuf_release(&buf); /* no matter it was used or not */
+
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/gpg-interface.h b/gpg-interface.h
index b9c3608..a85cb5b 100644
--- a/gpg-interface.h
+++ b/gpg-interface.h
@@ -1,8 +1,20 @@
 #ifndef GPG_INTERFACE_H
 #define GPG_INTERFACE_H
 
+struct signature_check {
+	char *gpg_output;
+	char *gpg_status;
+	char result; /* 0 (not checked),
+		      * N (checked but no further result),
+		      * U (untrusted good),
+		      * G (good)
+		      * B (bad) */
+	char *signer;
+	char *key;
+};
+
 extern int sign_buffer(struct strbuf *buffer, struct strbuf *signature, const char *signing_key);
-extern int verify_signed_buffer(const char *payload, size_t payload_size, const char *signature, size_t signature_size, struct strbuf *gpg_output);
+extern int verify_signed_buffer(const char *payload, size_t payload_size, const char *signature, size_t signature_size, struct strbuf *gpg_output, struct strbuf *gpg_status);
 extern int git_gpg_config(const char *, const char *, void *);
 extern void set_signing_key(const char *);
 extern const char *get_signing_key(void);
diff --git a/graph.c b/graph.c
index 391a712..b24d04c 100644
--- a/graph.c
+++ b/graph.c
@@ -8,34 +8,6 @@
 /* Internal API */
 
 /*
- * Output the next line for a graph.
- * This formats the next graph line into the specified strbuf.  It is not
- * terminated with a newline.
- *
- * Returns 1 if the line includes the current commit, and 0 otherwise.
- * graph_next_line() will return 1 exactly once for each time
- * graph_update() is called.
- */
-static int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb);
-
-/*
- * Set up a custom scheme for column colors.
- *
- * The default column color scheme inserts ANSI color escapes to colorize
- * the graph. The various color escapes are stored in an array of strings
- * where each entry corresponds to a color, except for the last entry,
- * which denotes the escape for resetting the color back to the default.
- * When generating the graph, strings from this array are inserted before
- * and after the various column characters.
- *
- * This function allows you to enable a custom array of color escapes.
- * The 'colors_max' argument is the index of the last "reset" entry.
- *
- * This functions must be called BEFORE graph_init() is called.
- */
-static void graph_set_column_colors(const char **colors, unsigned short colors_max);
-
-/*
  * Output a padding line in the graph.
  * This is similar to graph_next_line().  However, it is guaranteed to
  * never print the current commit line.  Instead, if the commit line is
@@ -90,7 +62,7 @@ enum graph_state {
 static const char **column_colors;
 static unsigned short column_colors_max;
 
-static void graph_set_column_colors(const char **colors, unsigned short colors_max)
+void graph_set_column_colors(const char **colors, unsigned short colors_max)
 {
 	column_colors = colors;
 	column_colors_max = colors_max;
@@ -1144,7 +1116,7 @@ static void graph_output_collapsing_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf
 		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_PADDING);
 }
 
-static int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
+int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	switch (graph->state) {
 	case GRAPH_PADDING:
@@ -1227,6 +1199,16 @@ void graph_show_commit(struct git_graph *graph)
 	if (!graph)
 		return;
 
+	/*
+	 * When showing a diff of a merge against each of its parents, we
+	 * are called once for each parent without graph_update having been
+	 * called.  In this case, simply output a single padding line.
+	 */
+	if (graph_is_commit_finished(graph)) {
+		graph_show_padding(graph);
+		shown_commit_line = 1;
+	}
+
 	while (!shown_commit_line && !graph_is_commit_finished(graph)) {
 		shown_commit_line = graph_next_line(graph, &msgbuf);
 		fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
diff --git a/graph.h b/graph.h
index 19b0f66..0be62bd 100644
--- a/graph.h
+++ b/graph.h
@@ -4,6 +4,25 @@
 /* A graph is a pointer to this opaque structure */
 struct git_graph;
 
+/*
+ * Set up a custom scheme for column colors.
+ *
+ * The default column color scheme inserts ANSI color escapes to colorize
+ * the graph. The various color escapes are stored in an array of strings
+ * where each entry corresponds to a color, except for the last entry,
+ * which denotes the escape for resetting the color back to the default.
+ * When generating the graph, strings from this array are inserted before
+ * and after the various column characters.
+ *
+ * This function allows you to enable a custom array of color escapes.
+ * The 'colors_max' argument is the index of the last "reset" entry.
+ *
+ * This functions must be called BEFORE graph_init() is called.
+ *
+ * NOTE: This function isn't used in Git outside graph.c but it is used
+ * by CGit (http://git.zx2c4.com/cgit/) to use HTML for colors.
+ */
+void graph_set_column_colors(const char **colors, unsigned short colors_max);
 
 /*
  * Create a new struct git_graph.
@@ -33,6 +52,20 @@ void graph_update(struct git_graph *graph, struct commit *commit);
  */
 int graph_is_commit_finished(struct git_graph const *graph);
 
+/*
+ * Output the next line for a graph.
+ * This formats the next graph line into the specified strbuf.  It is not
+ * terminated with a newline.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if the line includes the current commit, and 0 otherwise.
+ * graph_next_line() will return 1 exactly once for each time
+ * graph_update() is called.
+ *
+ * NOTE: This function isn't used in Git outside graph.c but it is used
+ * by CGit (http://git.zx2c4.com/cgit/) to wrap HTML around graph lines.
+ */
+int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb);
+
 
 /*
  * graph_show_*: helper functions for printing to stdout
diff --git a/grep.c b/grep.c
index 4bd1b8b..bb548ca 100644
--- a/grep.c
+++ b/grep.c
@@ -625,7 +625,8 @@ static struct grep_expr *prep_header_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt)
 	for (p = opt->header_list; p; p = p->next) {
 		if (p->token != GREP_PATTERN_HEAD)
 			die("bug: a non-header pattern in grep header list.");
-		if (p->field < 0 || GREP_HEADER_FIELD_MAX <= p->field)
+		if (p->field < GREP_HEADER_FIELD_MIN ||
+		    GREP_HEADER_FIELD_MAX <= p->field)
 			die("bug: unknown header field %d", p->field);
 		compile_regexp(p, opt);
 	}
diff --git a/grep.h b/grep.h
index 8fc854f..e4a1df5 100644
--- a/grep.h
+++ b/grep.h
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@ enum grep_context {
 };
 
 enum grep_header_field {
-	GREP_HEADER_AUTHOR = 0,
+	GREP_HEADER_FIELD_MIN = 0,
+	GREP_HEADER_AUTHOR = GREP_HEADER_FIELD_MIN,
 	GREP_HEADER_COMMITTER,
 	GREP_HEADER_REFLOG,
 
diff --git a/hash.h b/hash.h
index b875ce6..1d43ac0 100644
--- a/hash.h
+++ b/hash.h
@@ -40,4 +40,11 @@ static inline void init_hash(struct hash_table *table)
 	table->array = NULL;
 }
 
+static inline void preallocate_hash(struct hash_table *table, unsigned int elts)
+{
+	assert(table->size == 0 && table->nr == 0 && table->array == NULL);
+	table->size = elts * 2;
+	table->array = xcalloc(sizeof(struct hash_table_entry), table->size);
+}
+
 #endif
diff --git a/help.c b/help.c
index 1dfa0b0..02ba043 100644
--- a/help.c
+++ b/help.c
@@ -397,6 +397,10 @@ const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 
 int cmd_version(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	/*
+	 * The format of this string should be kept stable for compatibility
+	 * with external projects that rely on the output of "git version".
+	 */
 	printf("git version %s\n", git_version_string);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/http-backend.c b/http-backend.c
index f50e77f..6b85ffa 100644
--- a/http-backend.c
+++ b/http-backend.c
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ static void format_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
 	if (n >= sizeof(buffer))
 		die("protocol error: impossibly long line");
 
-	safe_write(fd, buffer, n);
+	write_or_die(fd, buffer, n);
 }
 
 static void http_status(unsigned code, const char *msg)
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ static void hdr_cache_forever(void)
 
 static void end_headers(void)
 {
-	safe_write(1, "\r\n", 2);
+	write_or_die(1, "\r\n", 2);
 }
 
 __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ static void send_strbuf(const char *type, struct strbuf *buf)
 	hdr_int(content_length, buf->len);
 	hdr_str(content_type, type);
 	end_headers();
-	safe_write(1, buf->buf, buf->len);
+	write_or_die(1, buf->buf, buf->len);
 }
 
 static void send_local_file(const char *the_type, const char *name)
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ static void send_local_file(const char *the_type, const char *name)
 			die_errno("Cannot read '%s'", p);
 		if (!n)
 			break;
-		safe_write(1, buf, n);
+		write_or_die(1, buf, n);
 	}
 	close(fd);
 	free(buf);
@@ -361,17 +361,19 @@ static void run_service(const char **argv)
 static int show_text_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
 	int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
+	const char *name_nons = strip_namespace(name);
 	struct strbuf *buf = cb_data;
 	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
 	if (!o)
 		return 0;
 
-	strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), name);
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), name_nons);
 	if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		o = deref_tag(o, name, 0);
 		if (!o)
 			return 0;
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s^{}\n", sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), name);
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s^{}\n", sha1_to_hex(o->sha1),
+			    name_nons);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -402,12 +404,40 @@ static void get_info_refs(char *arg)
 
 	} else {
 		select_getanyfile();
-		for_each_ref(show_text_ref, &buf);
+		for_each_namespaced_ref(show_text_ref, &buf);
 		send_strbuf("text/plain", &buf);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
+static int show_head_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
+	int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct strbuf *buf = cb_data;
+
+	if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		const char *target = resolve_ref_unsafe(name, sha1, 1, NULL);
+		const char *target_nons = strip_namespace(target);
+
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "ref: %s\n", target_nons);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void get_head(char *arg)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	select_getanyfile();
+	head_ref_namespaced(show_head_ref, &buf);
+	send_strbuf("text/plain", &buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
 static void get_info_packs(char *arg)
 {
 	size_t objdirlen = strlen(get_object_directory());
@@ -520,7 +550,7 @@ static struct service_cmd {
 	const char *pattern;
 	void (*imp)(char *);
 } services[] = {
-	{"GET", "/HEAD$", get_text_file},
+	{"GET", "/HEAD$", get_head},
 	{"GET", "/info/refs$", get_info_refs},
 	{"GET", "/objects/info/alternates$", get_text_file},
 	{"GET", "/objects/info/http-alternates$", get_text_file},
diff --git a/http-push.c b/http-push.c
index ba45b7b..395a8cf 100644
--- a/http-push.c
+++ b/http-push.c
@@ -11,7 +11,11 @@
 #include "list-objects.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
 
+#ifdef EXPAT_NEEDS_XMLPARSE_H
+#include <xmlparse.h>
+#else
 #include <expat.h>
+#endif
 
 static const char http_push_usage[] =
 "git http-push [--all] [--dry-run] [--force] [--verbose] <remote> [<head>...]\n";
@@ -172,28 +176,7 @@ enum dav_header_flag {
 static char *xml_entities(const char *s)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	while (*s) {
-		size_t len = strcspn(s, "\"<>&");
-		strbuf_add(&buf, s, len);
-		s += len;
-		switch (*s) {
-		case '"':
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&quot;");
-			break;
-		case '<':
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&lt;");
-			break;
-		case '>':
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&gt;");
-			break;
-		case '&':
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&amp;");
-			break;
-		case 0:
-			return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-		}
-		s++;
-	}
+	strbuf_addstr_xml_quoted(&buf, s);
 	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -1568,7 +1551,7 @@ static int remote_exists(const char *path)
 		ret = 0;
 		break;
 	case HTTP_ERROR:
-		http_error(url, HTTP_ERROR);
+		error("unable to access '%s': %s", url, curl_errorstr);
 	default:
 		ret = -1;
 	}
diff --git a/http.c b/http.c
index d9d1aad..92aba59 100644
--- a/http.c
+++ b/http.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "url.h"
 #include "credential.h"
 #include "version.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
 
 int active_requests;
 int http_is_verbose;
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ static CURL *curl_default;
 char curl_errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
 
 static int curl_ssl_verify = -1;
+static int curl_ssl_try;
 static const char *ssl_cert;
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
 static const char *ssl_key;
@@ -162,6 +164,10 @@ static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 			ssl_cert_password_required = 1;
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp("http.ssltry", var)) {
+		curl_ssl_try = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 	if (!strcmp("http.minsessions", var)) {
 		min_curl_sessions = git_config_int(var, value);
 #ifndef USE_CURL_MULTI
@@ -281,7 +287,6 @@ static CURL *get_curl_handle(void)
 #endif
 	if (ssl_cainfo != NULL)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_CAINFO, ssl_cainfo);
-	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 1);
 
 	if (curl_low_speed_limit > 0 && curl_low_speed_time > 0) {
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT,
@@ -306,6 +311,11 @@ static CURL *get_curl_handle(void)
 	if (curl_ftp_no_epsv)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_FTP_USE_EPSV, 0);
 
+#ifdef CURLOPT_USE_SSL
+	if (curl_ssl_try)
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_USE_SSL, CURLUSESSL_TRY);
+#endif
+
 	if (curl_http_proxy) {
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXY, curl_http_proxy);
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH, CURLAUTH_ANY);
@@ -505,6 +515,7 @@ struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void)
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, NULL);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 1);
 	if (http_auth.password)
 		init_curl_http_auth(slot->curl);
 
@@ -760,6 +771,25 @@ char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
 
 int handle_curl_result(struct slot_results *results)
 {
+	/*
+	 * If we see a failing http code with CURLE_OK, we have turned off
+	 * FAILONERROR (to keep the server's custom error response), and should
+	 * translate the code into failure here.
+	 */
+	if (results->curl_result == CURLE_OK &&
+	    results->http_code >= 400) {
+		results->curl_result = CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR;
+		/*
+		 * Normally curl will already have put the "reason phrase"
+		 * from the server into curl_errorstr; unfortunately without
+		 * FAILONERROR it is lost, so we can give only the numeric
+		 * status code.
+		 */
+		snprintf(curl_errorstr, sizeof(curl_errorstr),
+			 "The requested URL returned error: %ld",
+			 results->http_code);
+	}
+
 	if (results->curl_result == CURLE_OK) {
 		credential_approve(&http_auth);
 		return HTTP_OK;
@@ -824,6 +854,8 @@ static int http_request(const char *url, struct strbuf *type,
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "Pragma:");
 	if (options & HTTP_NO_CACHE)
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf, " no-cache");
+	if (options & HTTP_KEEP_ERROR)
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 0);
 
 	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, buf.buf);
 
@@ -835,7 +867,8 @@ static int http_request(const char *url, struct strbuf *type,
 		run_active_slot(slot);
 		ret = handle_curl_result(&results);
 	} else {
-		error("Unable to start HTTP request for %s", url);
+		snprintf(curl_errorstr, sizeof(curl_errorstr),
+			 "failed to start HTTP request");
 		ret = HTTP_START_FAILED;
 	}
 
@@ -861,6 +894,22 @@ static int http_request_reauth(const char *url,
 	int ret = http_request(url, type, result, target, options);
 	if (ret != HTTP_REAUTH)
 		return ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are using KEEP_ERROR, the previous request may have
+	 * put cruft into our output stream; we should clear it out before
+	 * making our next request. We only know how to do this for
+	 * the strbuf case, but that is enough to satisfy current callers.
+	 */
+	if (options & HTTP_KEEP_ERROR) {
+		switch (target) {
+		case HTTP_REQUEST_STRBUF:
+			strbuf_reset(result);
+			break;
+		default:
+			die("BUG: HTTP_KEEP_ERROR is only supported with strbufs");
+		}
+	}
 	return http_request(url, type, result, target, options);
 }
 
@@ -902,15 +951,6 @@ cleanup:
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int http_error(const char *url, int ret)
-{
-	/* http_request has already handled HTTP_START_FAILED. */
-	if (ret != HTTP_START_FAILED)
-		error("%s while accessing %s", curl_errorstr, url);
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
 int http_fetch_ref(const char *base, struct ref *ref)
 {
 	char *url;
diff --git a/http.h b/http.h
index 25d1931..d77c1b5 100644
--- a/http.h
+++ b/http.h
@@ -42,6 +42,15 @@
 #define NO_CURL_IOCTL
 #endif
 
+/*
+ * CURLOPT_USE_SSL was known as CURLOPT_FTP_SSL up to 7.16.4,
+ * and the constants were known as CURLFTPSSL_*
+*/
+#if !defined(CURLOPT_USE_SSL) && defined(CURLOPT_FTP_SSL)
+#define CURLOPT_USE_SSL CURLOPT_FTP_SSL
+#define CURLUSESSL_TRY CURLFTPSSL_TRY
+#endif
+
 struct slot_results {
 	CURLcode curl_result;
 	long http_code;
@@ -118,6 +127,7 @@ extern char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
 
 /* Options for http_request_*() */
 #define HTTP_NO_CACHE		1
+#define HTTP_KEEP_ERROR		2
 
 /* Return values for http_request_*() */
 #define HTTP_OK			0
@@ -134,12 +144,6 @@ extern char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
  */
 int http_get_strbuf(const char *url, struct strbuf *content_type, struct strbuf *result, int options);
 
-/*
- * Prints an error message using error() containing url and curl_errorstr,
- * and returns ret.
- */
-int http_error(const char *url, int ret);
-
 extern int http_fetch_ref(const char *base, struct ref *ref);
 
 /* Helpers for fetching packs */
diff --git a/imap-send.c b/imap-send.c
index 49ba841..d9bcfb4 100644
--- a/imap-send.c
+++ b/imap-send.c
@@ -34,47 +34,6 @@ typedef void *SSL;
 #include <openssl/x509v3.h>
 #endif
 
-struct store_conf {
-	char *name;
-	const char *path; /* should this be here? its interpretation is driver-specific */
-	char *map_inbox;
-	char *trash;
-	unsigned max_size; /* off_t is overkill */
-	unsigned trash_remote_new:1, trash_only_new:1;
-};
-
-/* For message->status */
-#define M_RECENT       (1<<0) /* unsyncable flag; maildir_* depend on this being 1<<0 */
-#define M_DEAD         (1<<1) /* expunged */
-#define M_FLAGS        (1<<2) /* flags fetched */
-
-struct message {
-	struct message *next;
-	size_t size; /* zero implies "not fetched" */
-	int uid;
-	unsigned char flags, status;
-};
-
-struct store {
-	struct store_conf *conf; /* foreign */
-
-	/* currently open mailbox */
-	const char *name; /* foreign! maybe preset? */
-	char *path; /* own */
-	struct message *msgs; /* own */
-	int uidvalidity;
-	unsigned char opts; /* maybe preset? */
-	/* note that the following do _not_ reflect stats from msgs, but mailbox totals */
-	int count; /* # of messages */
-	int recent; /* # of recent messages - don't trust this beyond the initial read */
-};
-
-struct msg_data {
-	char *data;
-	int len;
-	unsigned char flags;
-};
-
 static const char imap_send_usage[] = "git imap-send < <mbox>";
 
 #undef DRV_OK
@@ -92,8 +51,6 @@ static void imap_warn(const char *, ...);
 
 static char *next_arg(char **);
 
-static void free_generic_messages(struct message *);
-
 __attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 static int nfsnprintf(char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ...);
 
@@ -137,20 +94,6 @@ static struct imap_server_conf server = {
 	NULL,	/* auth_method */
 };
 
-struct imap_store_conf {
-	struct store_conf gen;
-	struct imap_server_conf *server;
-};
-
-#define NIL	(void *)0x1
-#define LIST	(void *)0x2
-
-struct imap_list {
-	struct imap_list *next, *child;
-	char *val;
-	int len;
-};
-
 struct imap_socket {
 	int fd[2];
 	SSL *ssl;
@@ -167,7 +110,6 @@ struct imap_cmd;
 
 struct imap {
 	int uidnext; /* from SELECT responses */
-	struct imap_list *ns_personal, *ns_other, *ns_shared; /* NAMESPACE info */
 	unsigned caps, rcaps; /* CAPABILITY results */
 	/* command queue */
 	int nexttag, num_in_progress, literal_pending;
@@ -176,11 +118,11 @@ struct imap {
 };
 
 struct imap_store {
-	struct store gen;
+	/* currently open mailbox */
+	const char *name; /* foreign! maybe preset? */
 	int uidvalidity;
 	struct imap *imap;
 	const char *prefix;
-	unsigned /*currentnc:1,*/ trashnc:1;
 };
 
 struct imap_cmd_cb {
@@ -227,14 +169,6 @@ static const char *cap_list[] = {
 static int get_cmd_result(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd);
 
 
-static const char *Flags[] = {
-	"Draft",
-	"Flagged",
-	"Answered",
-	"Seen",
-	"Deleted",
-};
-
 #ifndef NO_OPENSSL
 static void ssl_socket_perror(const char *func)
 {
@@ -551,16 +485,6 @@ static char *next_arg(char **s)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void free_generic_messages(struct message *msgs)
-{
-	struct message *tmsg;
-
-	for (; msgs; msgs = tmsg) {
-		tmsg = msgs->next;
-		free(msgs);
-	}
-}
-
 static int nfsnprintf(char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	int ret;
@@ -688,35 +612,9 @@ static int imap_exec_m(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 	}
 }
 
-static int is_atom(struct imap_list *list)
-{
-	return list && list->val && list->val != NIL && list->val != LIST;
-}
-
-static int is_list(struct imap_list *list)
+static int skip_imap_list_l(char **sp, int level)
 {
-	return list && list->val == LIST;
-}
-
-static void free_list(struct imap_list *list)
-{
-	struct imap_list *tmp;
-
-	for (; list; list = tmp) {
-		tmp = list->next;
-		if (is_list(list))
-			free_list(list->child);
-		else if (is_atom(list))
-			free(list->val);
-		free(list);
-	}
-}
-
-static int parse_imap_list_l(struct imap *imap, char **sp, struct imap_list **curp, int level)
-{
-	struct imap_list *cur;
-	char *s = *sp, *p;
-	int n, bytes;
+	char *s = *sp;
 
 	for (;;) {
 		while (isspace((unsigned char)*s))
@@ -725,68 +623,23 @@ static int parse_imap_list_l(struct imap *imap, char **sp, struct imap_list **cu
 			s++;
 			break;
 		}
-		*curp = cur = xmalloc(sizeof(*cur));
-		curp = &cur->next;
-		cur->val = NULL; /* for clean bail */
 		if (*s == '(') {
 			/* sublist */
 			s++;
-			cur->val = LIST;
-			if (parse_imap_list_l(imap, &s, &cur->child, level + 1))
-				goto bail;
-		} else if (imap && *s == '{') {
-			/* literal */
-			bytes = cur->len = strtol(s + 1, &s, 10);
-			if (*s != '}')
-				goto bail;
-
-			s = cur->val = xmalloc(cur->len);
-
-			/* dump whats left over in the input buffer */
-			n = imap->buf.bytes - imap->buf.offset;
-
-			if (n > bytes)
-				/* the entire message fit in the buffer */
-				n = bytes;
-
-			memcpy(s, imap->buf.buf + imap->buf.offset, n);
-			s += n;
-			bytes -= n;
-
-			/* mark that we used part of the buffer */
-			imap->buf.offset += n;
-
-			/* now read the rest of the message */
-			while (bytes > 0) {
-				if ((n = socket_read(&imap->buf.sock, s, bytes)) <= 0)
-					goto bail;
-				s += n;
-				bytes -= n;
-			}
-
-			if (buffer_gets(&imap->buf, &s))
+			if (skip_imap_list_l(&s, level + 1))
 				goto bail;
 		} else if (*s == '"') {
 			/* quoted string */
 			s++;
-			p = s;
 			for (; *s != '"'; s++)
 				if (!*s)
 					goto bail;
-			cur->len = s - p;
 			s++;
-			cur->val = xmemdupz(p, cur->len);
 		} else {
 			/* atom */
-			p = s;
 			for (; *s && !isspace((unsigned char)*s); s++)
 				if (level && *s == ')')
 					break;
-			cur->len = s - p;
-			if (cur->len == 3 && !memcmp("NIL", p, 3))
-				cur->val = NIL;
-			else
-				cur->val = xmemdupz(p, cur->len);
 		}
 
 		if (!level)
@@ -795,27 +648,15 @@ static int parse_imap_list_l(struct imap *imap, char **sp, struct imap_list **cu
 			goto bail;
 	}
 	*sp = s;
-	*curp = NULL;
 	return 0;
 
 bail:
-	*curp = NULL;
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static struct imap_list *parse_imap_list(struct imap *imap, char **sp)
+static void skip_list(char **sp)
 {
-	struct imap_list *head;
-
-	if (!parse_imap_list_l(imap, sp, &head, 0))
-		return head;
-	free_list(head);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static struct imap_list *parse_list(char **sp)
-{
-	return parse_imap_list(NULL, sp);
+	skip_imap_list_l(sp, 0);
 }
 
 static void parse_capability(struct imap *imap, char *cmd)
@@ -847,7 +688,7 @@ static int parse_response_code(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 	*p++ = 0;
 	arg = next_arg(&s);
 	if (!strcmp("UIDVALIDITY", arg)) {
-		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->gen.uidvalidity = atoi(arg))) {
+		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->uidvalidity = atoi(arg))) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: malformed UIDVALIDITY status\n");
 			return RESP_BAD;
 		}
@@ -865,7 +706,7 @@ static int parse_response_code(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 		for (; isspace((unsigned char)*p); p++);
 		fprintf(stderr, "*** IMAP ALERT *** %s\n", p);
 	} else if (cb && cb->ctx && !strcmp("APPENDUID", arg)) {
-		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->gen.uidvalidity = atoi(arg)) ||
+		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->uidvalidity = atoi(arg)) ||
 		    !(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(*(int *)cb->ctx = atoi(arg))) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: malformed APPENDUID status\n");
 			return RESP_BAD;
@@ -894,20 +735,28 @@ static int get_cmd_result(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd)
 			}
 
 			if (!strcmp("NAMESPACE", arg)) {
-				imap->ns_personal = parse_list(&cmd);
-				imap->ns_other = parse_list(&cmd);
-				imap->ns_shared = parse_list(&cmd);
+				/* rfc2342 NAMESPACE response. */
+				skip_list(&cmd); /* Personal mailboxes */
+				skip_list(&cmd); /* Others' mailboxes */
+				skip_list(&cmd); /* Shared mailboxes */
 			} else if (!strcmp("OK", arg) || !strcmp("BAD", arg) ||
 				   !strcmp("NO", arg) || !strcmp("BYE", arg)) {
 				if ((resp = parse_response_code(ctx, NULL, cmd)) != RESP_OK)
 					return resp;
-			} else if (!strcmp("CAPABILITY", arg))
+			} else if (!strcmp("CAPABILITY", arg)) {
 				parse_capability(imap, cmd);
-			else if ((arg1 = next_arg(&cmd))) {
-				if (!strcmp("EXISTS", arg1))
-					ctx->gen.count = atoi(arg);
-				else if (!strcmp("RECENT", arg1))
-					ctx->gen.recent = atoi(arg);
+			} else if ((arg1 = next_arg(&cmd))) {
+				; /*
+				   * Unhandled response-data with at least two words.
+				   * Ignore it.
+				   *
+				   * NEEDSWORK: Previously this case handled '<num> EXISTS'
+				   * and '<num> RECENT' but as a probably-unintended side
+				   * effect it ignores other unrecognized two-word
+				   * responses.  imap-send doesn't ever try to read
+				   * messages or mailboxes these days, so consider
+				   * eliminating this case.
+				   */
 			} else {
 				fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: unable to parse untagged response\n");
 				return RESP_BAD;
@@ -1009,16 +858,12 @@ static void imap_close_server(struct imap_store *ictx)
 		imap_exec(ictx, NULL, "LOGOUT");
 		socket_shutdown(&imap->buf.sock);
 	}
-	free_list(imap->ns_personal);
-	free_list(imap->ns_other);
-	free_list(imap->ns_shared);
 	free(imap);
 }
 
-static void imap_close_store(struct store *ctx)
+static void imap_close_store(struct imap_store *ctx)
 {
-	imap_close_server((struct imap_store *)ctx);
-	free_generic_messages(ctx->msgs);
+	imap_close_server(ctx);
 	free(ctx);
 }
 
@@ -1103,7 +948,7 @@ static int auth_cram_md5(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *cmd, const cha
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static struct store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
+static struct imap_store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
 {
 	struct imap_store *ctx;
 	struct imap *imap;
@@ -1313,173 +1158,113 @@ static struct store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
 	} /* !preauth */
 
 	ctx->prefix = "";
-	ctx->trashnc = 1;
-	return (struct store *)ctx;
+	return ctx;
 
 bail:
-	imap_close_store(&ctx->gen);
+	imap_close_store(ctx);
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int imap_make_flags(int flags, char *buf)
-{
-	const char *s;
-	unsigned i, d;
-
-	for (i = d = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(Flags); i++)
-		if (flags & (1 << i)) {
-			buf[d++] = ' ';
-			buf[d++] = '\\';
-			for (s = Flags[i]; *s; s++)
-				buf[d++] = *s;
-		}
-	buf[0] = '(';
-	buf[d++] = ')';
-	return d;
-}
-
-static void lf_to_crlf(struct msg_data *msg)
+/*
+ * Insert CR characters as necessary in *msg to ensure that every LF
+ * character in *msg is preceded by a CR.
+ */
+static void lf_to_crlf(struct strbuf *msg)
 {
 	char *new;
-	int i, j, lfnum = 0;
-
-	if (msg->data[0] == '\n')
-		lfnum++;
-	for (i = 1; i < msg->len; i++) {
-		if (msg->data[i - 1] != '\r' && msg->data[i] == '\n')
-			lfnum++;
+	size_t i, j;
+	char lastc;
+
+	/* First pass: tally, in j, the size of the new string: */
+	for (i = j = 0, lastc = '\0'; i < msg->len; i++) {
+		if (msg->buf[i] == '\n' && lastc != '\r')
+			j++; /* a CR will need to be added here */
+		lastc = msg->buf[i];
+		j++;
 	}
 
-	new = xmalloc(msg->len + lfnum);
-	if (msg->data[0] == '\n') {
-		new[0] = '\r';
-		new[1] = '\n';
-		i = 1;
-		j = 2;
-	} else {
-		new[0] = msg->data[0];
-		i = 1;
-		j = 1;
-	}
-	for ( ; i < msg->len; i++) {
-		if (msg->data[i] != '\n') {
-			new[j++] = msg->data[i];
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (msg->data[i - 1] != '\r')
+	new = xmalloc(j + 1);
+
+	/*
+	 * Second pass: write the new string.  Note that this loop is
+	 * otherwise identical to the first pass.
+	 */
+	for (i = j = 0, lastc = '\0'; i < msg->len; i++) {
+		if (msg->buf[i] == '\n' && lastc != '\r')
 			new[j++] = '\r';
-		/* otherwise it already had CR before */
-		new[j++] = '\n';
+		lastc = new[j++] = msg->buf[i];
 	}
-	msg->len += lfnum;
-	free(msg->data);
-	msg->data = new;
+	strbuf_attach(msg, new, j, j + 1);
 }
 
-static int imap_store_msg(struct store *gctx, struct msg_data *data)
+/*
+ * Store msg to IMAP.  Also detach and free the data from msg->data,
+ * leaving msg->data empty.
+ */
+static int imap_store_msg(struct imap_store *ctx, struct strbuf *msg)
 {
-	struct imap_store *ctx = (struct imap_store *)gctx;
 	struct imap *imap = ctx->imap;
 	struct imap_cmd_cb cb;
 	const char *prefix, *box;
-	int ret, d;
-	char flagstr[128];
+	int ret;
 
-	lf_to_crlf(data);
+	lf_to_crlf(msg);
 	memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
 
-	cb.dlen = data->len;
-	cb.data = xmalloc(cb.dlen);
-	memcpy(cb.data, data->data, data->len);
-
-	d = 0;
-	if (data->flags) {
-		d = imap_make_flags(data->flags, flagstr);
-		flagstr[d++] = ' ';
-	}
-	flagstr[d] = 0;
+	cb.dlen = msg->len;
+	cb.data = strbuf_detach(msg, NULL);
 
-	box = gctx->name;
+	box = ctx->name;
 	prefix = !strcmp(box, "INBOX") ? "" : ctx->prefix;
 	cb.create = 0;
-	ret = imap_exec_m(ctx, &cb, "APPEND \"%s%s\" %s", prefix, box, flagstr);
+	ret = imap_exec_m(ctx, &cb, "APPEND \"%s%s\" ", prefix, box);
 	imap->caps = imap->rcaps;
 	if (ret != DRV_OK)
 		return ret;
-	gctx->count++;
 
 	return DRV_OK;
 }
 
-static void encode_html_chars(struct strbuf *p)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < p->len; i++) {
-		if (p->buf[i] == '&')
-			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&amp;", 5);
-		if (p->buf[i] == '<')
-			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&lt;", 4);
-		if (p->buf[i] == '>')
-			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&gt;", 4);
-		if (p->buf[i] == '"')
-			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&quot;", 6);
-	}
-}
-static void wrap_in_html(struct msg_data *msg)
+static void wrap_in_html(struct strbuf *msg)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf **lines;
-	struct strbuf **p;
 	static char *content_type = "Content-Type: text/html;\n";
 	static char *pre_open = "<pre>\n";
 	static char *pre_close = "</pre>\n";
-	int added_header = 0;
-
-	strbuf_attach(&buf, msg->data, msg->len, msg->len);
-	lines = strbuf_split(&buf, '\n');
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	for (p = lines; *p; p++) {
-		if (! added_header) {
-			if ((*p)->len == 1 && *((*p)->buf) == '\n') {
-				strbuf_addstr(&buf, content_type);
-				strbuf_addbuf(&buf, *p);
-				strbuf_addstr(&buf, pre_open);
-				added_header = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-		else
-			encode_html_chars(*p);
-		strbuf_addbuf(&buf, *p);
-	}
+	const char *body = strstr(msg->buf, "\n\n");
+
+	if (!body)
+		return; /* Headers but no body; no wrapping needed */
+
+	body += 2;
+
+	strbuf_add(&buf, msg->buf, body - msg->buf - 1);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, content_type);
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, pre_open);
+	strbuf_addstr_xml_quoted(&buf, body);
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, pre_close);
-	strbuf_list_free(lines);
-	msg->len  = buf.len;
-	msg->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	strbuf_release(msg);
+	*msg = buf;
 }
 
 #define CHUNKSIZE 0x1000
 
-static int read_message(FILE *f, struct msg_data *msg)
+static int read_message(FILE *f, struct strbuf *all_msgs)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	memset(msg, 0, sizeof(*msg));
-
 	do {
-		if (strbuf_fread(&buf, CHUNKSIZE, f) <= 0)
+		if (strbuf_fread(all_msgs, CHUNKSIZE, f) <= 0)
 			break;
 	} while (!feof(f));
 
-	msg->len  = buf.len;
-	msg->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-	return msg->len;
+	return ferror(f) ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
-static int count_messages(struct msg_data *msg)
+static int count_messages(struct strbuf *all_msgs)
 {
 	int count = 0;
-	char *p = msg->data;
+	char *p = all_msgs->buf;
 
 	while (1) {
 		if (!prefixcmp(p, "From ")) {
@@ -1500,34 +1285,39 @@ static int count_messages(struct msg_data *msg)
 	return count;
 }
 
-static int split_msg(struct msg_data *all_msgs, struct msg_data *msg, int *ofs)
+/*
+ * Copy the next message from all_msgs, starting at offset *ofs, to
+ * msg.  Update *ofs to the start of the following message.  Return
+ * true iff a message was successfully copied.
+ */
+static int split_msg(struct strbuf *all_msgs, struct strbuf *msg, int *ofs)
 {
 	char *p, *data;
+	size_t len;
 
-	memset(msg, 0, sizeof *msg);
 	if (*ofs >= all_msgs->len)
 		return 0;
 
-	data = &all_msgs->data[*ofs];
-	msg->len = all_msgs->len - *ofs;
+	data = &all_msgs->buf[*ofs];
+	len = all_msgs->len - *ofs;
 
-	if (msg->len < 5 || prefixcmp(data, "From "))
+	if (len < 5 || prefixcmp(data, "From "))
 		return 0;
 
 	p = strchr(data, '\n');
 	if (p) {
-		p = &p[1];
-		msg->len -= p-data;
-		*ofs += p-data;
+		p++;
+		len -= p - data;
+		*ofs += p - data;
 		data = p;
 	}
 
 	p = strstr(data, "\nFrom ");
 	if (p)
-		msg->len = &p[1] - data;
+		len = &p[1] - data;
 
-	msg->data = xmemdupz(data, msg->len);
-	*ofs += msg->len;
+	strbuf_add(msg, data, len);
+	*ofs += len;
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1578,8 +1368,9 @@ static int git_imap_config(const char *key, const char *val, void *cb)
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	struct msg_data all_msgs, msg;
-	struct store *ctx = NULL;
+	struct strbuf all_msgs = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct imap_store *ctx = NULL;
 	int ofs = 0;
 	int r;
 	int total, n = 0;
@@ -1611,7 +1402,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	}
 
 	/* read the messages */
-	if (!read_message(stdin, &all_msgs)) {
+	if (read_message(stdin, &all_msgs)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "error reading input\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (all_msgs.len == 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "nothing to send\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -1633,6 +1429,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	ctx->name = imap_folder;
 	while (1) {
 		unsigned percent = n * 100 / total;
+
 		fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%d/%d) done\r", percent, n, total);
 		if (!split_msg(&all_msgs, &msg, &ofs))
 			break;
diff --git a/kwset.c b/kwset.c
index 51b2ab6..5800999 100644
--- a/kwset.c
+++ b/kwset.c
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
    The author may be reached (Email) at the address mike@ai.mit.edu,
    or (US mail) as Mike Haertel c/o Free Software Foundation. */
 
-/* The algorithm implemented by these routines bears a startling resemblence
+/* The algorithm implemented by these routines bears a startling resemblance
    to one discovered by Beate Commentz-Walter, although it is not identical.
    See "A String Matching Algorithm Fast on the Average," Technical Report,
    IBM-Germany, Scientific Center Heidelberg, Tiergartenstrasse 15, D-6900
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ kwsprep (kwset_t kws)
 	  /* Update the delta table for the descendents of this node. */
 	  treedelta(curr->links, curr->depth, delta);
 
-	  /* Compute the failure function for the decendents of this node. */
+	  /* Compute the failure function for the descendants of this node. */
 	  treefails(curr->links, curr->fail, kwset->trie);
 
 	  /* Update the shifts at each node in the current node's chain
diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
index acea33b..fb61ea6 100644
--- a/ll-merge.c
+++ b/ll-merge.c
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ static const char *default_ll_merge;
 static int read_merge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	struct ll_merge_driver *fn;
-	const char *ep, *name;
+	const char *key, *name;
 	int namelen;
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "merge.default")) {
@@ -236,15 +236,13 @@ static int read_merge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	 * especially, we do not want to look at variables such as
 	 * "merge.summary", "merge.tool", and "merge.verbosity".
 	 */
-	if (prefixcmp(var, "merge.") || (ep = strrchr(var, '.')) == var + 5)
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "merge", &name, &namelen, &key) < 0 || !name)
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * Find existing one as we might be processing merge.<name>.var2
 	 * after seeing merge.<name>.var1.
 	 */
-	name = var + 6;
-	namelen = ep - name;
 	for (fn = ll_user_merge; fn; fn = fn->next)
 		if (!strncmp(fn->name, name, namelen) && !fn->name[namelen])
 			break;
@@ -256,16 +254,14 @@ static int read_merge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		ll_user_merge_tail = &(fn->next);
 	}
 
-	ep++;
-
-	if (!strcmp("name", ep)) {
+	if (!strcmp("name", key)) {
 		if (!value)
 			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
 		fn->description = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!strcmp("driver", ep)) {
+	if (!strcmp("driver", key)) {
 		if (!value)
 			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
 		/*
@@ -289,7 +285,7 @@ static int read_merge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!strcmp("recursive", ep)) {
+	if (!strcmp("recursive", key)) {
 		if (!value)
 			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
 		fn->recursive = xstrdup(value);
diff --git a/log-tree.c b/log-tree.c
index 4f86def..1946e9c 100644
--- a/log-tree.c
+++ b/log-tree.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "sequencer.h"
 
 struct decoration name_decoration = { "object names" };
 
@@ -174,119 +175,52 @@ static void show_children(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit, int abbre
 	}
 }
 
-void show_decorations(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
+/*
+ * The caller makes sure there is no funny color before
+ * calling. format_decorations makes sure the same after return.
+ */
+void format_decorations(struct strbuf *sb,
+			const struct commit *commit,
+			int use_color)
 {
 	const char *prefix;
 	struct name_decoration *decoration;
 	const char *color_commit =
-		diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT);
+		diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_COMMIT);
 	const char *color_reset =
-		decorate_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DECORATION_NONE);
+		decorate_get_color(use_color, DECORATION_NONE);
 
-	if (opt->show_source && commit->util)
-		printf("\t%s", (char *) commit->util);
-	if (!opt->show_decorations)
-		return;
 	decoration = lookup_decoration(&name_decoration, &commit->object);
 	if (!decoration)
 		return;
 	prefix = " (";
 	while (decoration) {
-		printf("%s", prefix);
-		fputs(decorate_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, decoration->type),
-		      stdout);
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, color_commit);
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, prefix);
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, decorate_get_color(use_color, decoration->type));
 		if (decoration->type == DECORATION_REF_TAG)
-			fputs("tag: ", stdout);
-		printf("%s", decoration->name);
-		fputs(color_reset, stdout);
-		fputs(color_commit, stdout);
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, "tag: ");
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, decoration->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, color_reset);
 		prefix = ", ";
 		decoration = decoration->next;
 	}
-	putchar(')');
-}
-
-/*
- * Search for "^[-A-Za-z]+: [^@]+@" pattern. It usually matches
- * Signed-off-by: and Acked-by: lines.
- */
-static int detect_any_signoff(char *letter, int size)
-{
-	char *cp;
-	int seen_colon = 0;
-	int seen_at = 0;
-	int seen_name = 0;
-	int seen_head = 0;
-
-	cp = letter + size;
-	while (letter <= --cp && *cp == '\n')
-		continue;
-
-	while (letter <= cp) {
-		char ch = *cp--;
-		if (ch == '\n')
-			break;
-
-		if (!seen_at) {
-			if (ch == '@')
-				seen_at = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!seen_colon) {
-			if (ch == '@')
-				return 0;
-			else if (ch == ':')
-				seen_colon = 1;
-			else
-				seen_name = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (('A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z') ||
-		    ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'z') ||
-		    ch == '-') {
-			seen_head = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		/* no empty last line doesn't match */
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return seen_head && seen_name;
+	strbuf_addstr(sb, color_commit);
+	strbuf_addch(sb, ')');
+	strbuf_addstr(sb, color_reset);
 }
 
-static void append_signoff(struct strbuf *sb, const char *signoff)
+void show_decorations(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
 {
-	static const char signed_off_by[] = "Signed-off-by: ";
-	size_t signoff_len = strlen(signoff);
-	int has_signoff = 0;
-	char *cp;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	cp = sb->buf;
-
-	/* First see if we already have the sign-off by the signer */
-	while ((cp = strstr(cp, signed_off_by))) {
-
-		has_signoff = 1;
-
-		cp += strlen(signed_off_by);
-		if (cp + signoff_len >= sb->buf + sb->len)
-			break;
-		if (strncmp(cp, signoff, signoff_len))
-			continue;
-		if (!isspace(cp[signoff_len]))
-			continue;
-		/* we already have him */
+	if (opt->show_source && commit->util)
+		printf("\t%s", (char *) commit->util);
+	if (!opt->show_decorations)
 		return;
-	}
-
-	if (!has_signoff)
-		has_signoff = detect_any_signoff(sb->buf, sb->len);
-
-	if (!has_signoff)
-		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
-
-	strbuf_addstr(sb, signed_off_by);
-	strbuf_add(sb, signoff, signoff_len);
-	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+	format_decorations(&sb, commit, opt->diffopt.use_color);
+	fputs(sb.buf, stdout);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
 static unsigned int digits_in_number(unsigned int number)
@@ -299,26 +233,34 @@ static unsigned int digits_in_number(unsigned int number)
 	return result;
 }
 
-void get_patch_filename(struct commit *commit, const char *subject, int nr,
-			const char *suffix, struct strbuf *buf)
+void fmt_output_subject(struct strbuf *filename,
+			const char *subject,
+			struct rev_info *info)
 {
-	int suffix_len = strlen(suffix) + 1;
-	int start_len = buf->len;
-
-	strbuf_addf(buf, commit || subject ? "%04d-" : "%d", nr);
-	if (commit || subject) {
-		int max_len = start_len + FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len;
-		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-
-		if (subject)
-			strbuf_addstr(buf, subject);
-		else if (commit)
-			format_commit_message(commit, "%f", buf, &ctx);
-
-		if (max_len < buf->len)
-			strbuf_setlen(buf, max_len);
-		strbuf_addstr(buf, suffix);
-	}
+	const char *suffix = info->patch_suffix;
+	int nr = info->nr;
+	int start_len = filename->len;
+	int max_len = start_len + FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - (strlen(suffix) + 1);
+
+	if (0 < info->reroll_count)
+		strbuf_addf(filename, "v%d-", info->reroll_count);
+	strbuf_addf(filename, "%04d-%s", nr, subject);
+
+	if (max_len < filename->len)
+		strbuf_setlen(filename, max_len);
+	strbuf_addstr(filename, suffix);
+}
+
+void fmt_output_commit(struct strbuf *filename,
+		       struct commit *commit,
+		       struct rev_info *info)
+{
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+	struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	format_commit_message(commit, "%f", &subject, &ctx);
+	fmt_output_subject(filename, subject.buf, info);
+	strbuf_release(&subject);
 }
 
 void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
@@ -387,8 +329,10 @@ void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
 			 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary);
 		extra_headers = subject_buffer;
 
-		get_patch_filename(opt->numbered_files ? NULL : commit, NULL,
-				   opt->nr, opt->patch_suffix, &filename);
+		if (opt->numbered_files)
+			strbuf_addf(&filename, "%d", opt->nr);
+		else
+			fmt_output_commit(&filename, commit, opt);
 		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1,
 			 "\n--%s%s\n"
 			 "Content-Type: text/x-patch;"
@@ -434,7 +378,7 @@ static void show_signature(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
 
 	status = verify_signed_buffer(payload.buf, payload.len,
 				      signature.buf, signature.len,
-				      &gpg_output);
+				      &gpg_output, NULL);
 	if (status && !gpg_output.len)
 		strbuf_addstr(&gpg_output, "No signature\n");
 
@@ -498,20 +442,17 @@ static void show_one_mergetag(struct rev_info *opt,
 	gpg_message_offset = verify_message.len;
 
 	payload_size = parse_signature(extra->value, extra->len);
-	if ((extra->len <= payload_size) ||
-	    (verify_signed_buffer(extra->value, payload_size,
-				  extra->value + payload_size,
-				  extra->len - payload_size,
-				  &verify_message) &&
-	     verify_message.len <= gpg_message_offset)) {
-		strbuf_addstr(&verify_message, "No signature\n");
-		status = -1;
-	}
-	else if (strstr(verify_message.buf + gpg_message_offset,
-			": Good signature from "))
-		status = 0;
-	else
-		status = -1;
+	status = -1;
+	if (extra->len > payload_size)
+		if (verify_signed_buffer(extra->value, payload_size,
+					 extra->value + payload_size,
+					 extra->len - payload_size,
+					 &verify_message, NULL)) {
+			if (verify_message.len <= gpg_message_offset)
+				strbuf_addstr(&verify_message, "No signature\n");
+			else
+				status = 0;
+		}
 
 	show_sig_lines(opt, status, verify_message.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&verify_message);
@@ -615,8 +556,8 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 			printf(" (from %s)",
 			       find_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1,
 						  abbrev_commit));
+		fputs(diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_RESET), stdout);
 		show_decorations(opt, commit);
-		printf("%s", diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_RESET));
 		if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) {
 			putchar(' ');
 		} else {
@@ -662,8 +603,10 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	/*
 	 * And then the pretty-printed message itself
 	 */
-	if (ctx.need_8bit_cte >= 0)
-		ctx.need_8bit_cte = has_non_ascii(opt->add_signoff);
+	if (ctx.need_8bit_cte >= 0 && opt->add_signoff)
+		ctx.need_8bit_cte =
+			has_non_ascii(fmt_name(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
+					       getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL")));
 	ctx.date_mode = opt->date_mode;
 	ctx.date_mode_explicit = opt->date_mode_explicit;
 	ctx.abbrev = opt->diffopt.abbrev;
@@ -671,10 +614,12 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	ctx.preserve_subject = opt->preserve_subject;
 	ctx.reflog_info = opt->reflog_info;
 	ctx.fmt = opt->commit_format;
+	ctx.mailmap = opt->mailmap;
+	ctx.color = opt->diffopt.use_color;
 	pretty_print_commit(&ctx, commit, &msgbuf);
 
 	if (opt->add_signoff)
-		append_signoff(&msgbuf, opt->add_signoff);
+		append_signoff(&msgbuf, 0, APPEND_SIGNOFF_DEDUP);
 
 	if ((ctx.fmt != CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT) &&
 	    ctx.notes_message && *ctx.notes_message) {
@@ -780,11 +725,14 @@ static int log_tree_diff(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit, struct log
 {
 	int showed_log;
 	struct commit_list *parents;
-	unsigned const char *sha1 = commit->object.sha1;
+	unsigned const char *sha1;
 
 	if (!opt->diff && !DIFF_OPT_TST(&opt->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS))
 		return 0;
 
+	parse_commit(commit);
+	sha1 = commit->tree->object.sha1;
+
 	/* Root commit? */
 	parents = commit->parents;
 	if (!parents) {
@@ -807,7 +755,9 @@ static int log_tree_diff(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit, struct log
 			 * parent, showing summary diff of the others
 			 * we merged _in_.
 			 */
-			diff_tree_sha1(parents->item->object.sha1, sha1, "", &opt->diffopt);
+			parse_commit(parents->item);
+			diff_tree_sha1(parents->item->tree->object.sha1,
+				       sha1, "", &opt->diffopt);
 			log_tree_diff_flush(opt);
 			return !opt->loginfo;
 		}
@@ -820,7 +770,9 @@ static int log_tree_diff(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit, struct log
 	for (;;) {
 		struct commit *parent = parents->item;
 
-		diff_tree_sha1(parent->object.sha1, sha1, "", &opt->diffopt);
+		parse_commit(parent);
+		diff_tree_sha1(parent->tree->object.sha1,
+			       sha1, "", &opt->diffopt);
 		log_tree_diff_flush(opt);
 
 		showed_log |= !opt->loginfo;
diff --git a/log-tree.h b/log-tree.h
index f5ac238..d6ecd4d 100644
--- a/log-tree.h
+++ b/log-tree.h
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ int log_tree_diff_flush(struct rev_info *);
 int log_tree_commit(struct rev_info *, struct commit *);
 int log_tree_opt_parse(struct rev_info *, const char **, int);
 void show_log(struct rev_info *opt);
+void format_decorations(struct strbuf *sb, const struct commit *commit, int use_color);
 void show_decorations(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit);
 void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
 			     const char **subject_p,
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
 void load_ref_decorations(int flags);
 
 #define FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX 64
-void get_patch_filename(struct commit *commit, const char *subject, int nr,
-			const char *suffix, struct strbuf *buf);
+void fmt_output_commit(struct strbuf *, struct commit *, struct rev_info *);
+void fmt_output_subject(struct strbuf *, const char *subject, struct rev_info *);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/mailmap.c b/mailmap.c
index ea4b471..2a7b366 100644
--- a/mailmap.c
+++ b/mailmap.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ static inline void debug_mm(const char *format, ...) {}
 #endif
 
 const char *git_mailmap_file;
+const char *git_mailmap_blob;
 
 struct mailmap_info {
 	char *name;
@@ -129,54 +130,120 @@ static char *parse_name_and_email(char *buffer, char **name,
 	return (*right == '\0' ? NULL : right);
 }
 
-static int read_single_mailmap(struct string_list *map, const char *filename, char **repo_abbrev)
+static void read_mailmap_line(struct string_list *map, char *buffer,
+			      char **repo_abbrev)
+{
+	char *name1 = NULL, *email1 = NULL, *name2 = NULL, *email2 = NULL;
+	if (buffer[0] == '#') {
+		static const char abbrev[] = "# repo-abbrev:";
+		int abblen = sizeof(abbrev) - 1;
+		int len = strlen(buffer);
+
+		if (!repo_abbrev)
+			return;
+
+		if (len && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
+			buffer[--len] = 0;
+		if (!strncmp(buffer, abbrev, abblen)) {
+			char *cp;
+
+			if (repo_abbrev)
+				free(*repo_abbrev);
+			*repo_abbrev = xmalloc(len);
+
+			for (cp = buffer + abblen; isspace(*cp); cp++)
+				; /* nothing */
+			strcpy(*repo_abbrev, cp);
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+	if ((name2 = parse_name_and_email(buffer, &name1, &email1, 0)) != NULL)
+		parse_name_and_email(name2, &name2, &email2, 1);
+
+	if (email1)
+		add_mapping(map, name1, email1, name2, email2);
+}
+
+static int read_mailmap_file(struct string_list *map, const char *filename,
+			     char **repo_abbrev)
 {
 	char buffer[1024];
-	FILE *f = (filename == NULL ? NULL : fopen(filename, "r"));
+	FILE *f;
 
-	if (f == NULL)
-		return 1;
-	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != NULL) {
-		char *name1 = NULL, *email1 = NULL, *name2 = NULL, *email2 = NULL;
-		if (buffer[0] == '#') {
-			static const char abbrev[] = "# repo-abbrev:";
-			int abblen = sizeof(abbrev) - 1;
-			int len = strlen(buffer);
-
-			if (!repo_abbrev)
-				continue;
-
-			if (len && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
-				buffer[--len] = 0;
-			if (!strncmp(buffer, abbrev, abblen)) {
-				char *cp;
-
-				if (repo_abbrev)
-					free(*repo_abbrev);
-				*repo_abbrev = xmalloc(len);
-
-				for (cp = buffer + abblen; isspace(*cp); cp++)
-					; /* nothing */
-				strcpy(*repo_abbrev, cp);
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		if ((name2 = parse_name_and_email(buffer, &name1, &email1, 0)) != NULL)
-			parse_name_and_email(name2, &name2, &email2, 1);
+	if (!filename)
+		return 0;
 
-		if (email1)
-			add_mapping(map, name1, email1, name2, email2);
+	f = fopen(filename, "r");
+	if (!f) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			return 0;
+		return error("unable to open mailmap at %s: %s",
+			     filename, strerror(errno));
 	}
+
+	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != NULL)
+		read_mailmap_line(map, buffer, repo_abbrev);
 	fclose(f);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void read_mailmap_buf(struct string_list *map,
+			     const char *buf, unsigned long len,
+			     char **repo_abbrev)
+{
+	while (len) {
+		const char *end = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
+		unsigned long linelen = end - buf + 1;
+		char *line = xmemdupz(buf, linelen);
+
+		read_mailmap_line(map, line, repo_abbrev);
+
+		free(line);
+		buf += linelen;
+		len -= linelen;
+	}
+}
+
+static int read_mailmap_blob(struct string_list *map,
+			     const char *name,
+			     char **repo_abbrev)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char *buf;
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	if (!name)
+		return 0;
+	if (get_sha1(name, sha1) < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		return error("unable to read mailmap object at %s", name);
+	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
+		return error("mailmap is not a blob: %s", name);
+
+	read_mailmap_buf(map, buf, size, repo_abbrev);
+
+	free(buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, char **repo_abbrev)
 {
+	int err = 0;
+
 	map->strdup_strings = 1;
-	/* each failure returns 1, so >1 means both calls failed */
-	return read_single_mailmap(map, ".mailmap", repo_abbrev) +
-	       read_single_mailmap(map, git_mailmap_file, repo_abbrev) > 1;
+	map->cmp = strcasecmp;
+
+	if (!git_mailmap_blob && is_bare_repository())
+		git_mailmap_blob = "HEAD:.mailmap";
+
+	err |= read_mailmap_file(map, ".mailmap", repo_abbrev);
+	err |= read_mailmap_blob(map, git_mailmap_blob, repo_abbrev);
+	err |= read_mailmap_file(map, git_mailmap_file, repo_abbrev);
+	return err;
 }
 
 void clear_mailmap(struct string_list *map)
@@ -187,60 +254,95 @@ void clear_mailmap(struct string_list *map)
 	debug_mm("mailmap: cleared\n");
 }
 
+/*
+ * Look for an entry in map that match string[0:len]; string[len]
+ * does not have to be NUL (but it could be).
+ */
+static struct string_list_item *lookup_prefix(struct string_list *map,
+					      const char *string, size_t len)
+{
+	int i = string_list_find_insert_index(map, string, 1);
+	if (i < 0) {
+		/* exact match */
+		i = -1 - i;
+		if (!string[len])
+			return &map->items[i];
+		/*
+		 * that map entry matches exactly to the string, including
+		 * the cruft at the end beyond "len".  That is not a match
+		 * with string[0:len] that we are looking for.
+		 */
+	} else if (!string[len]) {
+		/*
+		 * asked with the whole string, and got nothing.  No
+		 * matching entry can exist in the map.
+		 */
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * i is at the exact match to an overlong key, or location the
+	 * overlong key would be inserted, which must come after the
+	 * real location of the key if one exists.
+	 */
+	while (0 <= --i && i < map->nr) {
+		int cmp = strncasecmp(map->items[i].string, string, len);
+		if (cmp < 0)
+			/*
+			 * "i" points at a key definitely below the prefix;
+			 * the map does not have string[0:len] in it.
+			 */
+			break;
+		else if (!cmp && !map->items[i].string[len])
+			/* found it */
+			return &map->items[i];
+		/*
+		 * otherwise, the string at "i" may be string[0:len]
+		 * followed by a string that sorts later than string[len:];
+		 * keep trying.
+		 */
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 int map_user(struct string_list *map,
-	     char *email, int maxlen_email, char *name, int maxlen_name)
+			 const char **email, size_t *emaillen,
+			 const char **name, size_t *namelen)
 {
-	char *end_of_email;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct mailmap_entry *me;
-	char buf[1024], *mailbuf;
-	int i;
-
-	/* figure out space requirement for email */
-	end_of_email = strchr(email, '>');
-	if (!end_of_email) {
-		/* email passed in might not be wrapped in <>, but end with a \0 */
-		end_of_email = memchr(email, '\0', maxlen_email);
-		if (!end_of_email)
-			return 0;
-	}
-	if (end_of_email - email + 1 < sizeof(buf))
-		mailbuf = buf;
-	else
-		mailbuf = xmalloc(end_of_email - email + 1);
-
-	/* downcase the email address */
-	for (i = 0; i < end_of_email - email; i++)
-		mailbuf[i] = tolower(email[i]);
-	mailbuf[i] = 0;
-
-	debug_mm("map_user: map '%s' <%s>\n", name, mailbuf);
-	item = string_list_lookup(map, mailbuf);
+
+	debug_mm("map_user: map '%.*s' <%.*s>\n",
+		 *name, *namelen, *emaillen, *email);
+
+	item = lookup_prefix(map, *email, *emaillen);
 	if (item != NULL) {
 		me = (struct mailmap_entry *)item->util;
 		if (me->namemap.nr) {
 			/* The item has multiple items, so we'll look up on name too */
 			/* If the name is not found, we choose the simple entry      */
-			struct string_list_item *subitem = string_list_lookup(&me->namemap, name);
+			struct string_list_item *subitem;
+			subitem = lookup_prefix(&me->namemap, *name, *namelen);
 			if (subitem)
 				item = subitem;
 		}
 	}
-	if (mailbuf != buf)
-		free(mailbuf);
 	if (item != NULL) {
 		struct mailmap_info *mi = (struct mailmap_info *)item->util;
-		if (mi->name == NULL && (mi->email == NULL || maxlen_email == 0)) {
+		if (mi->name == NULL && mi->email == NULL) {
 			debug_mm("map_user:  -- (no simple mapping)\n");
 			return 0;
 		}
-		if (maxlen_email && mi->email)
-			strlcpy(email, mi->email, maxlen_email);
-		else
-			*end_of_email = '\0';
-		if (maxlen_name && mi->name)
-			strlcpy(name, mi->name, maxlen_name);
-		debug_mm("map_user:  to '%s' <%s>\n", name, mi->email ? mi->email : "");
+		if (mi->email) {
+				*email = mi->email;
+				*emaillen = strlen(*email);
+		}
+		if (mi->name) {
+				*name = mi->name;
+				*namelen = strlen(*name);
+		}
+		debug_mm("map_user:  to '%.*s' <.*%s>\n", *namelen, *name,
+				 *emaillen, *email);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	debug_mm("map_user:  --\n");
diff --git a/mailmap.h b/mailmap.h
index d5c3664..ed7c93b 100644
--- a/mailmap.h
+++ b/mailmap.h
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, char **repo_abbrev);
 void clear_mailmap(struct string_list *map);
 
-int map_user(struct string_list *mailmap,
-	     char *email, int maxlen_email, char *name, int maxlen_name);
+int map_user(struct string_list *map,
+			 const char **email, size_t *emaillen, const char **name, size_t *namelen);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/match-trees.c b/match-trees.c
index 26f7ed1..2bb734d 100644
--- a/match-trees.c
+++ b/match-trees.c
@@ -47,6 +47,13 @@ static int score_matches(unsigned mode1, unsigned mode2, const char *path)
 	return score;
 }
 
+static int base_name_entries_compare(const struct name_entry *a,
+				     const struct name_entry *b)
+{
+	return base_name_compare(a->path, tree_entry_len(a), a->mode,
+				 b->path, tree_entry_len(b), b->mode);
+}
+
 /*
  * Inspect two trees, and give a score that tells how similar they are.
  */
@@ -71,54 +78,35 @@ static int score_trees(const unsigned char *hash1, const unsigned char *hash2)
 	if (type != OBJ_TREE)
 		die("%s is not a tree", sha1_to_hex(hash2));
 	init_tree_desc(&two, two_buf, size);
-	while (one.size | two.size) {
-		const unsigned char *elem1 = elem1;
-		const unsigned char *elem2 = elem2;
-		const char *path1 = path1;
-		const char *path2 = path2;
-		unsigned mode1 = mode1;
-		unsigned mode2 = mode2;
+	for (;;) {
+		struct name_entry e1, e2;
+		int got_entry_from_one = tree_entry(&one, &e1);
+		int got_entry_from_two = tree_entry(&two, &e2);
 		int cmp;
 
-		if (one.size)
-			elem1 = tree_entry_extract(&one, &path1, &mode1);
-		if (two.size)
-			elem2 = tree_entry_extract(&two, &path2, &mode2);
-
-		if (!one.size) {
-			/* two has more entries */
-			score += score_missing(mode2, path2);
-			update_tree_entry(&two);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!two.size) {
+		if (got_entry_from_one && got_entry_from_two)
+			cmp = base_name_entries_compare(&e1, &e2);
+		else if (got_entry_from_one)
 			/* two lacks this entry */
-			score += score_missing(mode1, path1);
-			update_tree_entry(&one);
-			continue;
-		}
-		cmp = base_name_compare(path1, strlen(path1), mode1,
-					path2, strlen(path2), mode2);
-		if (cmp < 0) {
+			cmp = -1;
+		else if (got_entry_from_two)
+			/* two has more entries */
+			cmp = 1;
+		else
+			break;
+
+		if (cmp < 0)
 			/* path1 does not appear in two */
-			score += score_missing(mode1, path1);
-			update_tree_entry(&one);
-			continue;
-		}
-		else if (cmp > 0) {
+			score += score_missing(e1.mode, e1.path);
+		else if (cmp > 0)
 			/* path2 does not appear in one */
-			score += score_missing(mode2, path2);
-			update_tree_entry(&two);
-			continue;
-		}
-		else if (hashcmp(elem1, elem2))
+			score += score_missing(e2.mode, e2.path);
+		else if (hashcmp(e1.sha1, e2.sha1))
 			/* they are different */
-			score += score_differs(mode1, mode2, path1);
+			score += score_differs(e1.mode, e2.mode, e1.path);
 		else
 			/* same subtree or blob */
-			score += score_matches(mode1, mode2, path1);
-		update_tree_entry(&one);
-		update_tree_entry(&two);
+			score += score_matches(e1.mode, e2.mode, e1.path);
 	}
 	free(one_buf);
 	free(two_buf);
diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
index 33ba5dc..ea9dbd3 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/merge-recursive.c
@@ -2068,6 +2068,15 @@ int parse_merge_opt(struct merge_options *o, const char *s)
 		o->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(o, PATIENCE_DIFF);
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "histogram"))
 		o->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(o, HISTOGRAM_DIFF);
+	else if (!strcmp(s, "diff-algorithm=")) {
+		long value = parse_algorithm_value(s+15);
+		if (value < 0)
+			return -1;
+		/* clear out previous settings */
+		DIFF_XDL_CLR(o, NEED_MINIMAL);
+		o->xdl_opts &= ~XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK;
+		o->xdl_opts |= value;
+	}
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-space-change"))
 		o->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE;
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-all-space"))
diff --git a/mergetools/defaults b/mergetools/defaults
deleted file mode 100644
index 21e63ec..0000000
--- a/mergetools/defaults
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-# Redefined by builtin tools
-can_merge () {
-	return 0
-}
-
-can_diff () {
-	return 0
-}
-
-diff_cmd () {
-	status=1
-	return $status
-}
-
-merge_cmd () {
-	status=1
-	return $status
-}
-
-translate_merge_tool_path () {
-	echo "$1"
-}
diff --git a/mergetools/gvimdiff b/mergetools/gvimdiff
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04a5bb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mergetools/gvimdiff
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+. "$MERGE_TOOLS_DIR/vimdiff"
diff --git a/mergetools/gvimdiff2 b/mergetools/gvimdiff2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04a5bb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mergetools/gvimdiff2
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+. "$MERGE_TOOLS_DIR/vimdiff"
diff --git a/mergetools/kdiff3 b/mergetools/kdiff3
index 28fead4..a30034f 100644
--- a/mergetools/kdiff3
+++ b/mergetools/kdiff3
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 diff_cmd () {
-	"$merge_tool_path" --auto \
+	"$merge_tool_path" \
 		--L1 "$MERGED (A)" --L2 "$MERGED (B)" \
 		"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" >/dev/null 2>&1
 }
diff --git a/mergetools/p4merge b/mergetools/p4merge
index 8a36916..5a608ab 100644
--- a/mergetools/p4merge
+++ b/mergetools/p4merge
@@ -21,8 +21,12 @@ diff_cmd () {
 
 merge_cmd () {
 	touch "$BACKUP"
-	$base_present || >"$BASE"
-	"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
+	if ! $base_present
+	then
+		cp -- "$LOCAL" "$BASE"
+		create_virtual_base "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
+	fi
+	"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$REMOTE" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED"
 	check_unchanged
 }
 
diff --git a/mergetools/tortoisemerge b/mergetools/tortoisemerge
index ed7db49..3b89f1c 100644
--- a/mergetools/tortoisemerge
+++ b/mergetools/tortoisemerge
@@ -6,12 +6,29 @@ merge_cmd () {
 	if $base_present
 	then
 		touch "$BACKUP"
-		"$merge_tool_path" \
-			-base:"$BASE" -mine:"$LOCAL" \
-			-theirs:"$REMOTE" -merged:"$MERGED"
+		basename="$(basename "$merge_tool_path" .exe)"
+		if test "$basename" = "tortoisegitmerge"
+		then
+			"$merge_tool_path" \
+				-base "$BASE" -mine "$LOCAL" \
+				-theirs "$REMOTE" -merged "$MERGED"
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" \
+				-base:"$BASE" -mine:"$LOCAL" \
+				-theirs:"$REMOTE" -merged:"$MERGED"
+		fi
 		check_unchanged
 	else
-		echo "TortoiseMerge cannot be used without a base" 1>&2
+		echo "$merge_tool_path cannot be used without a base" 1>&2
 		return 1
 	fi
 }
+
+translate_merge_tool_path() {
+	if type tortoisegitmerge >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+	then
+		echo tortoisegitmerge
+	else
+		echo tortoisemerge
+	fi
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/vim b/mergetools/vimdiff
index 619594a..39d0327 100644
--- a/mergetools/vim
+++ b/mergetools/vimdiff
@@ -1,14 +1,6 @@
 diff_cmd () {
-	case "$1" in
-	gvimdiff|vimdiff)
-		"$merge_tool_path" -R -f -d \
-			-c 'wincmd l' -c 'cd $GIT_PREFIX' "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-		;;
-	gvimdiff2|vimdiff2)
-		"$merge_tool_path" -R -f -d \
-			-c 'wincmd l' -c 'cd $GIT_PREFIX' "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-		;;
-	esac
+	"$merge_tool_path" -R -f -d \
+		-c 'wincmd l' -c 'cd $GIT_PREFIX' "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
diff --git a/mergetools/vimdiff2 b/mergetools/vimdiff2
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04a5bb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mergetools/vimdiff2
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+. "$MERGE_TOOLS_DIR/vimdiff"
diff --git a/name-hash.c b/name-hash.c
index 9124133..617c86c 100644
--- a/name-hash.c
+++ b/name-hash.c
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ static unsigned int hash_name(const char *name, int namelen)
 {
 	unsigned int hash = 0x123;
 
-	do {
+	while (namelen--) {
 		unsigned char c = *name++;
 		c = icase_hash(c);
 		hash = hash*101 + c;
-	} while (--namelen);
+	}
 	return hash;
 }
 
@@ -150,6 +150,8 @@ static void lazy_init_name_hash(struct index_state *istate)
 
 	if (istate->name_hash_initialized)
 		return;
+	if (istate->cache_nr)
+		preallocate_hash(&istate->name_hash, istate->cache_nr);
 	for (nr = 0; nr < istate->cache_nr; nr++)
 		hash_index_entry(istate, istate->cache[nr]);
 	istate->name_hash_initialized = 1;
diff --git a/parse-options.c b/parse-options.c
index 7ca8f2c..c2cbca2 100644
--- a/parse-options.c
+++ b/parse-options.c
@@ -19,15 +19,6 @@ int optbug(const struct option *opt, const char *reason)
 	return error("BUG: switch '%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
 }
 
-int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags)
-{
-	if (flags & OPT_SHORT)
-		return error("switch `%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
-	if (flags & OPT_UNSET)
-		return error("option `no-%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
-	return error("option `%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
-}
-
 static int get_arg(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const struct option *opt,
 		   int flags, const char **arg)
 {
@@ -598,3 +589,12 @@ static int parse_options_usage(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 	return usage_with_options_internal(ctx, usagestr, opts, 0, err);
 }
 
+#undef opterror
+int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags)
+{
+	if (flags & OPT_SHORT)
+		return error("switch `%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
+	if (flags & OPT_UNSET)
+		return error("option `no-%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
+	return error("option `%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
+}
diff --git a/parse-options.h b/parse-options.h
index 8541811..c378b75 100644
--- a/parse-options.h
+++ b/parse-options.h
@@ -180,6 +180,10 @@ extern NORETURN void usage_msg_opt(const char *msg,
 
 extern int optbug(const struct option *opt, const char *reason);
 extern int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags);
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ! defined(clang)
+#define opterror(o,r,f) (opterror((o),(r),(f)), -1)
+#endif
+
 /*----- incremental advanced APIs -----*/
 
 enum {
diff --git a/path.c b/path.c
index d3d3f8b..04ff148 100644
--- a/path.c
+++ b/path.c
@@ -1,19 +1,26 @@
 /*
- * I'm tired of doing "vsnprintf()" etc just to open a
- * file, so here's a "return static buffer with printf"
- * interface for paths.
- *
- * It's obviously not thread-safe. Sue me. But it's quite
- * useful for doing things like
- *
- *   f = open(mkpath("%s/%s.git", base, name), O_RDONLY);
- *
- * which is what it's designed for.
+ * Utilities for paths and pathnames
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 
+#ifndef get_st_mode_bits
+/*
+ * The replacement lstat(2) we use on Cygwin is incomplete and
+ * may return wrong permission bits. Most of the time we do not care,
+ * but the callsites of this wrapper do care.
+ */
+int get_st_mode_bits(const char *path, int *mode)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	*mode = st.st_mode;
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 static char bad_path[] = "/bad-path/";
 
 static char *get_pathname(void)
@@ -389,28 +396,14 @@ const char *enter_repo(const char *path, int strict)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-int set_shared_perm(const char *path, int mode)
+static int calc_shared_perm(int mode)
 {
-	struct stat st;
-	int tweak, shared, orig_mode;
+	int tweak;
 
-	if (!shared_repository) {
-		if (mode)
-			return chmod(path, mode & ~S_IFMT);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (!mode) {
-		if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-			return -1;
-		mode = st.st_mode;
-		orig_mode = mode;
-	} else
-		orig_mode = 0;
 	if (shared_repository < 0)
-		shared = -shared_repository;
+		tweak = -shared_repository;
 	else
-		shared = shared_repository;
-	tweak = shared;
+		tweak = shared_repository;
 
 	if (!(mode & S_IWUSR))
 		tweak &= ~0222;
@@ -422,16 +415,28 @@ int set_shared_perm(const char *path, int mode)
 	else
 		mode |= tweak;
 
-	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+	return mode;
+}
+
+
+int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path)
+{
+	int old_mode, new_mode;
+
+	if (!shared_repository)
+		return 0;
+	if (get_st_mode_bits(path, &old_mode) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	new_mode = calc_shared_perm(old_mode);
+	if (S_ISDIR(old_mode)) {
 		/* Copy read bits to execute bits */
-		mode |= (shared & 0444) >> 2;
-		mode |= FORCE_DIR_SET_GID;
+		new_mode |= (new_mode & 0444) >> 2;
+		new_mode |= FORCE_DIR_SET_GID;
 	}
 
-	if (((shared_repository < 0
-	      ? (orig_mode & (FORCE_DIR_SET_GID | 0777))
-	      : (orig_mode & mode)) != mode) &&
-	    chmod(path, (mode & ~S_IFMT)) < 0)
+	if (((old_mode ^ new_mode) & ~S_IFMT) &&
+			chmod(path, (new_mode & ~S_IFMT)) < 0)
 		return -2;
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/pathspec.c b/pathspec.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..284f397
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pathspec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "pathspec.h"
+
+/*
+ * Finds which of the given pathspecs match items in the index.
+ *
+ * For each pathspec, sets the corresponding entry in the seen[] array
+ * (which should be specs items long, i.e. the same size as pathspec)
+ * to the nature of the "closest" (i.e. most specific) match found for
+ * that pathspec in the index, if it was a closer type of match than
+ * the existing entry.  As an optimization, matching is skipped
+ * altogether if seen[] already only contains non-zero entries.
+ *
+ * If seen[] has not already been written to, it may make sense
+ * to use find_pathspecs_matching_against_index() instead.
+ */
+void add_pathspec_matches_against_index(const char **pathspec,
+					char *seen, int specs)
+{
+	int num_unmatched = 0, i;
+
+	/*
+	 * Since we are walking the index as if we were walking the directory,
+	 * we have to mark the matched pathspec as seen; otherwise we will
+	 * mistakenly think that the user gave a pathspec that did not match
+	 * anything.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++)
+		if (!seen[i])
+			num_unmatched++;
+	if (!num_unmatched)
+		return;
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, seen);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Finds which of the given pathspecs match items in the index.
+ *
+ * This is a one-shot wrapper around add_pathspec_matches_against_index()
+ * which allocates, populates, and returns a seen[] array indicating the
+ * nature of the "closest" (i.e. most specific) matches which each of the
+ * given pathspecs achieves against all items in the index.
+ */
+char *find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(const char **pathspec)
+{
+	char *seen;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; pathspec[i];  i++)
+		; /* just counting */
+	seen = xcalloc(i, 1);
+	add_pathspec_matches_against_index(pathspec, seen, i);
+	return seen;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check the index to see whether path refers to a submodule, or
+ * something inside a submodule.  If the former, returns the path with
+ * any trailing slash stripped.  If the latter, dies with an error
+ * message.
+ */
+const char *check_path_for_gitlink(const char *path)
+{
+	int i, path_len = strlen(path);
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+			int ce_len = ce_namelen(ce);
+			if (path_len <= ce_len || path[ce_len] != '/' ||
+			    memcmp(ce->name, path, ce_len))
+				/* path does not refer to this
+				 * submodule or anything inside it */
+				continue;
+			if (path_len == ce_len + 1) {
+				/* path refers to submodule;
+				 * strip trailing slash */
+				return xstrndup(ce->name, ce_len);
+			} else {
+				die (_("Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"),
+				     path, ce_len, ce->name);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return path;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Dies if the given path refers to a file inside a symlinked
+ * directory in the index.
+ */
+void die_if_path_beyond_symlink(const char *path, const char *prefix)
+{
+	if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, strlen(path))) {
+		int len = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
+		die(_("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"), path + len);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pathspec.h b/pathspec.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db0184a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pathspec.h
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifndef PATHSPEC_H
+#define PATHSPEC_H
+
+extern char *find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(const char **pathspec);
+extern void add_pathspec_matches_against_index(const char **pathspec, char *seen, int specs);
+extern const char *check_path_for_gitlink(const char *path);
+extern void die_if_path_beyond_symlink(const char *path, const char *prefix);
+
+#endif /* PATHSPEC_H */
diff --git a/perl/Git.pm b/perl/Git.pm
index 57a1716..7a252ef 100644
--- a/perl/Git.pm
+++ b/perl/Git.pm
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ require Exporter;
                 version exec_path html_path hash_object git_cmd_try
                 remote_refs prompt
                 get_tz_offset
+                credential credential_read credential_write
                 temp_acquire temp_release temp_reset temp_path);
 
 
@@ -269,13 +270,13 @@ sub command {
 
 	if (not defined wantarray) {
 		# Nothing to pepper the possible exception with.
-		_cmd_close($fh, $ctx);
+		_cmd_close($ctx, $fh);
 
 	} elsif (not wantarray) {
 		local $/;
 		my $text = <$fh>;
 		try {
-			_cmd_close($fh, $ctx);
+			_cmd_close($ctx, $fh);
 		} catch Git::Error::Command with {
 			# Pepper with the output:
 			my $E = shift;
@@ -288,7 +289,7 @@ sub command {
 		my @lines = <$fh>;
 		defined and chomp for @lines;
 		try {
-			_cmd_close($fh, $ctx);
+			_cmd_close($ctx, $fh);
 		} catch Git::Error::Command with {
 			my $E = shift;
 			$E->{'-outputref'} = \@lines;
@@ -315,7 +316,7 @@ sub command_oneline {
 	my $line = <$fh>;
 	defined $line and chomp $line;
 	try {
-		_cmd_close($fh, $ctx);
+		_cmd_close($ctx, $fh);
 	} catch Git::Error::Command with {
 		# Pepper with the output:
 		my $E = shift;
@@ -383,7 +384,7 @@ have more complicated structure.
 sub command_close_pipe {
 	my ($self, $fh, $ctx) = _maybe_self(@_);
 	$ctx ||= '<unknown>';
-	_cmd_close($fh, $ctx);
+	_cmd_close($ctx, $fh);
 }
 
 =item command_bidi_pipe ( COMMAND [, ARGUMENTS... ] )
@@ -420,7 +421,7 @@ and it is the fourth value returned by C<command_bidi_pipe()>.  The call idiom
 is:
 
 	my ($pid, $in, $out, $ctx) = $r->command_bidi_pipe('cat-file --batch-check');
-	print "000000000\n" $out;
+	print $out "000000000\n";
 	while (<$in>) { ... }
 	$r->command_close_bidi_pipe($pid, $in, $out, $ctx);
 
@@ -428,23 +429,26 @@ Note that you should not rely on whatever actually is in C<CTX>;
 currently it is simply the command name but in future the context might
 have more complicated structure.
 
+C<PIPE_IN> and C<PIPE_OUT> may be C<undef> if they have been closed prior to
+calling this function.  This may be useful in a query-response type of
+commands where caller first writes a query and later reads response, eg:
+
+	my ($pid, $in, $out, $ctx) = $r->command_bidi_pipe('cat-file --batch-check');
+	print $out "000000000\n";
+	close $out;
+	while (<$in>) { ... }
+	$r->command_close_bidi_pipe($pid, $in, undef, $ctx);
+
+This idiom may prevent potential dead locks caused by data sent to the output
+pipe not being flushed and thus not reaching the executed command.
+
 =cut
 
 sub command_close_bidi_pipe {
 	local $?;
-	my ($pid, $in, $out, $ctx) = @_;
-	foreach my $fh ($in, $out) {
-		unless (close $fh) {
-			if ($!) {
-				carp "error closing pipe: $!";
-			} elsif ($? >> 8) {
-				throw Git::Error::Command($ctx, $? >>8);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
+	my ($self, $pid, $in, $out, $ctx) = _maybe_self(@_);
+	_cmd_close($ctx, (grep { defined } ($in, $out)));
 	waitpid $pid, 0;
-
 	if ($? >> 8) {
 		throw Git::Error::Command($ctx, $? >>8);
 	}
@@ -1020,13 +1024,163 @@ sub _close_cat_blob {
 }
 
 
+=item credential_read( FILEHANDLE )
+
+Reads credential key-value pairs from C<FILEHANDLE>.  Reading stops at EOF or
+when an empty line is encountered.  Each line must be of the form C<key=value>
+with a non-empty key.  Function returns hash with all read values.  Any white
+space (other than new-line character) is preserved.
+
+=cut
+
+sub credential_read {
+	my ($self, $reader) = _maybe_self(@_);
+	my %credential;
+	while (<$reader>) {
+		chomp;
+		if ($_ eq '') {
+			last;
+		} elsif (!/^([^=]+)=(.*)$/) {
+			throw Error::Simple("unable to parse git credential data:\n$_");
+		}
+		$credential{$1} = $2;
+	}
+	return %credential;
+}
+
+=item credential_write( FILEHANDLE, CREDENTIAL_HASHREF )
+
+Writes credential key-value pairs from hash referenced by
+C<CREDENTIAL_HASHREF> to C<FILEHANDLE>.  Keys and values cannot contain
+new-lines or NUL bytes characters, and key cannot contain equal signs nor be
+empty (if they do Error::Simple is thrown).  Any white space is preserved.  If
+value for a key is C<undef>, it will be skipped.
+
+If C<'url'> key exists it will be written first.  (All the other key-value
+pairs are written in sorted order but you should not depend on that).  Once
+all lines are written, an empty line is printed.
+
+=cut
+
+sub credential_write {
+	my ($self, $writer, $credential) = _maybe_self(@_);
+	my ($key, $value);
+
+	# Check if $credential is valid prior to writing anything
+	while (($key, $value) = each %$credential) {
+		if (!defined $key || !length $key) {
+			throw Error::Simple("credential key empty or undefined");
+		} elsif ($key =~ /[=\n\0]/) {
+			throw Error::Simple("credential key contains invalid characters: $key");
+		} elsif (defined $value && $value =~ /[\n\0]/) {
+			throw Error::Simple("credential value for key=$key contains invalid characters: $value");
+		}
+	}
+
+	for $key (sort {
+		# url overwrites other fields, so it must come first
+		return -1 if $a eq 'url';
+		return  1 if $b eq 'url';
+		return $a cmp $b;
+	} keys %$credential) {
+		if (defined $credential->{$key}) {
+			print $writer $key, '=', $credential->{$key}, "\n";
+		}
+	}
+	print $writer "\n";
+}
+
+sub _credential_run {
+	my ($self, $credential, $op) = _maybe_self(@_);
+	my ($pid, $reader, $writer, $ctx) = command_bidi_pipe('credential', $op);
+
+	credential_write $writer, $credential;
+	close $writer;
+
+	if ($op eq "fill") {
+		%$credential = credential_read $reader;
+	}
+	if (<$reader>) {
+		throw Error::Simple("unexpected output from git credential $op response:\n$_\n");
+	}
+
+	command_close_bidi_pipe($pid, $reader, undef, $ctx);
+}
+
+=item credential( CREDENTIAL_HASHREF [, OPERATION ] )
+
+=item credential( CREDENTIAL_HASHREF, CODE )
+
+Executes C<git credential> for a given set of credentials and specified
+operation.  In both forms C<CREDENTIAL_HASHREF> needs to be a reference to
+a hash which stores credentials.  Under certain conditions the hash can
+change.
+
+In the first form, C<OPERATION> can be C<'fill'>, C<'approve'> or C<'reject'>,
+and function will execute corresponding C<git credential> sub-command.  If
+it's omitted C<'fill'> is assumed.  In case of C<'fill'> the values stored in
+C<CREDENTIAL_HASHREF> will be changed to the ones returned by the C<git
+credential fill> command.  The usual usage would look something like:
+
+	my %cred = (
+		'protocol' => 'https',
+		'host' => 'example.com',
+		'username' => 'bob'
+	);
+	Git::credential \%cred;
+	if (try_to_authenticate($cred{'username'}, $cred{'password'})) {
+		Git::credential \%cred, 'approve';
+		... do more stuff ...
+	} else {
+		Git::credential \%cred, 'reject';
+	}
+
+In the second form, C<CODE> needs to be a reference to a subroutine.  The
+function will execute C<git credential fill> to fill the provided credential
+hash, then call C<CODE> with C<CREDENTIAL_HASHREF> as the sole argument.  If
+C<CODE>'s return value is defined, the function will execute C<git credential
+approve> (if return value yields true) or C<git credential reject> (if return
+value is false).  If the return value is undef, nothing at all is executed;
+this is useful, for example, if the credential could neither be verified nor
+rejected due to an unrelated network error.  The return value is the same as
+what C<CODE> returns.  With this form, the usage might look as follows:
+
+	if (Git::credential {
+		'protocol' => 'https',
+		'host' => 'example.com',
+		'username' => 'bob'
+	}, sub {
+		my $cred = shift;
+		return !!try_to_authenticate($cred->{'username'},
+		                             $cred->{'password'});
+	}) {
+		... do more stuff ...
+	}
+
+=cut
+
+sub credential {
+	my ($self, $credential, $op_or_code) = (_maybe_self(@_), 'fill');
+
+	if ('CODE' eq ref $op_or_code) {
+		_credential_run $credential, 'fill';
+		my $ret = $op_or_code->($credential);
+		if (defined $ret) {
+			_credential_run $credential, $ret ? 'approve' : 'reject';
+		}
+		return $ret;
+	} else {
+		_credential_run $credential, $op_or_code;
+	}
+}
+
 { # %TEMP_* Lexical Context
 
 my (%TEMP_FILEMAP, %TEMP_FILES);
 
 =item temp_acquire ( NAME )
 
-Attempts to retreive the temporary file mapped to the string C<NAME>. If an
+Attempts to retrieve the temporary file mapped to the string C<NAME>. If an
 associated temp file has not been created this session or was closed, it is
 created, cached, and set for autoflush and binmode.
 
@@ -1111,7 +1265,7 @@ sub _temp_cache {
 			$tmpdir = $self->repo_path();
 		}
 
-		($$temp_fd, $fname) = File::Temp->tempfile(
+		($$temp_fd, $fname) = File::Temp::tempfile(
 			'Git_XXXXXX', UNLINK => 1, DIR => $tmpdir,
 			) or throw Error::Simple("couldn't open new temp file");
 
@@ -1335,12 +1489,12 @@ sub _command_common_pipe {
 		if (not defined $pid) {
 			throw Error::Simple("open failed: $!");
 		} elsif ($pid == 0) {
-			if (defined $opts{STDERR}) {
-				close STDERR;
-			}
 			if ($opts{STDERR}) {
 				open (STDERR, '>&', $opts{STDERR})
 					or die "dup failed: $!";
+			} elsif (defined $opts{STDERR}) {
+				open (STDERR, '>', '/dev/null')
+					or die "opening /dev/null failed: $!";
 			}
 			_cmd_exec($self, $cmd, @args);
 		}
@@ -1375,9 +1529,11 @@ sub _execv_git_cmd { exec('git', @_); }
 
 # Close pipe to a subprocess.
 sub _cmd_close {
-	my ($fh, $ctx) = @_;
-	if (not close $fh) {
-		if ($!) {
+	my $ctx = shift @_;
+	foreach my $fh (@_) {
+		if (close $fh) {
+			# nop
+		} elsif ($!) {
 			# It's just close, no point in fatalities
 			carp "error closing pipe: $!";
 		} elsif ($? >> 8) {
diff --git a/perl/Git/I18N.pm b/perl/Git/I18N.pm
index 40dd897..f889fd6 100644
--- a/perl/Git/I18N.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/I18N.pm
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ Git::I18N - Perl interface to Git's Gettext localizations
 
 	print __("Welcome to Git!\n");
 
-	printf __("The following error occured: %s\n"), $error;
+	printf __("The following error occurred: %s\n"), $error;
 
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
 
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN.pm b/perl/Git/SVN.pm
index 8c84560..5273ee8 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN.pm
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ sub refname {
 	#
 	# Additionally, % must be escaped because it is used for escaping
 	# and we want our escaped refname to be reversible
-	$refname =~ s{([ \%~\^:\?\*\[\t])}{uc sprintf('%%%02x',ord($1))}eg;
+	$refname =~ s{([ \%~\^:\?\*\[\t])}{sprintf('%%%02X',ord($1))}eg;
 
 	# no slash-separated component can begin with a dot .
 	# /.* becomes /%2E*
@@ -1493,13 +1493,18 @@ sub lookup_svn_merge {
 	my @merged_commit_ranges;
 	# find the tip
 	for my $range ( @ranges ) {
+		if ($range =~ /[*]$/) {
+			warn "W: Ignoring partial merge in svn:mergeinfo "
+				."dirprop: $source:$range\n";
+			next;
+		}
 		my ($bottom, $top) = split "-", $range;
 		$top ||= $bottom;
 		my $bottom_commit = $gs->find_rev_after( $bottom, 1, $top );
 		my $top_commit = $gs->find_rev_before( $top, 1, $bottom );
 
 		unless ($top_commit and $bottom_commit) {
-			warn "W:unknown path/rev in svn:mergeinfo "
+			warn "W: unknown path/rev in svn:mergeinfo "
 				."dirprop: $source:$range\n";
 			next;
 		}
@@ -2369,7 +2374,7 @@ sub map_path {
 
 sub uri_encode {
 	my ($f) = @_;
-	$f =~ s#([^a-zA-Z0-9\*!\:_\./\-])#uc sprintf("%%%02x",ord($1))#eg;
+	$f =~ s#([^a-zA-Z0-9\*!\:_\./\-])#sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))#eg;
 	$f
 }
 
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm
index 3bbc20a..b3bcd47 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm
@@ -145,7 +145,8 @@ sub repo_path {
 sub url_path {
 	my ($self, $path) = @_;
 	if ($self->{url} =~ m#^https?://#) {
-		$path =~ s!([^~a-zA-Z0-9_./-])!uc sprintf("%%%02x",ord($1))!eg;
+		# characters are taken from subversion/libsvn_subr/path.c
+		$path =~ s#([^~a-zA-Z0-9_./!$&'()*+,-])#sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))#eg;
 	}
 	$self->{url} . '/' . $self->repo_path($path);
 }
@@ -358,12 +359,12 @@ sub T {
 			mode_a => $m->{mode_a}, mode_b => '000000',
 			sha1_a => $m->{sha1_a}, sha1_b => '0' x 40,
 			chg => 'D', file_b => $m->{file_b}
-		});
+		}, $deletions);
 		$self->A({
 			mode_a => '000000', mode_b => $m->{mode_b},
 			sha1_a => '0' x 40, sha1_b => $m->{sha1_b},
 			chg => 'A', file_b => $m->{file_b}
-		});
+		}, $deletions);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -498,6 +499,8 @@ sub apply_diff {
 1;
 __END__
 
+=head1 NAME
+
 Git::SVN::Editor - commit driver for "git svn set-tree" and dcommit
 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm
index 046a7a2..bd17418 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package Git::SVN::Fetcher;
-use vars qw/@ISA $_ignore_regex $_preserve_empty_dirs $_placeholder_filename
-            @deleted_gpath %added_placeholder $repo_id/;
+use vars qw/@ISA $_ignore_regex $_include_regex $_preserve_empty_dirs
+            $_placeholder_filename @deleted_gpath %added_placeholder
+            $repo_id/;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 use SVN::Delta;
@@ -33,6 +34,10 @@ sub new {
 	my $v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get', $k) };
 	$self->{ignore_regex} = $v;
 
+	$k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.include-paths";
+	$v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get', $k) };
+	$self->{include_regex} = $v;
+
 	$k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.preserve-empty-dirs";
 	$v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get', '--bool', $k) };
 	if ($v && $v eq 'true') {
@@ -117,11 +122,18 @@ sub in_dot_git {
 }
 
 # return value: 0 -- don't ignore, 1 -- ignore
+# This will also check whether the path is explicitly included
 sub is_path_ignored {
 	my ($self, $path) = @_;
 	return 1 if in_dot_git($path);
 	return 1 if defined($self->{ignore_regex}) &&
 	            $path =~ m!$self->{ignore_regex}!;
+	return 0 if defined($self->{include_regex}) &&
+	            $path =~ m!$self->{include_regex}!;
+	return 0 if defined($_include_regex) &&
+	            $path =~ m!$_include_regex!;
+	return 1 if defined($self->{include_regex});
+	return 1 if defined($_include_regex);
 	return 0 unless defined($_ignore_regex);
 	return 1 if $path =~ m!$_ignore_regex!o;
 	return 0;
@@ -512,6 +524,8 @@ sub stash_placeholder_list {
 1;
 __END__
 
+=head1 NAME
+
 Git::SVN::Fetcher - tree delta consumer for "git svn fetch"
 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Prompt.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Prompt.pm
index 74daa7a..e940b08 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN/Prompt.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Prompt.pm
@@ -125,6 +125,8 @@ sub _read_password {
 1;
 __END__
 
+=head1 NAME
+
 Git::SVN::Prompt - authentication callbacks for git-svn
 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm
index 049c97b..75ecc42 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ sub gs_do_switch {
 	my $full_url = add_path_to_url( $self->url, $path );
 	my ($ra, $reparented);
 
-	if ($old_url =~ m#^svn(\+ssh)?://# ||
+	if ($old_url =~ m#^svn(\+\w+)?://# ||
 	    ($full_url =~ m#^https?://# &&
 	     canonicalize_url($full_url) ne $full_url)) {
 		$_[0] = undef;
@@ -627,6 +627,8 @@ sub skip_unknown_revs {
 1;
 __END__
 
+=head1 NAME
+
 Git::SVN::Ra - Subversion remote access functions for git-svn
 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Utils.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Utils.pm
index 8b8cf37..3d1a093 100644
--- a/perl/Git/SVN/Utils.pm
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Utils.pm
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ sub _canonicalize_url_path {
 
 	my @parts;
 	foreach my $part (split m{/+}, $uri_path) {
-		$part =~ s/([^~\w.%+-]|%(?![a-fA-F0-9]{2}))/sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))/eg;
+		$part =~ s/([^!\$%&'()*+,.\/\w:=\@_`~-]|%(?![a-fA-F0-9]{2}))/sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))/eg;
 		push @parts, $part;
 	}
 
diff --git a/perl/private-Error.pm b/perl/private-Error.pm
index 11e9cd9..6098135 100644
--- a/perl/private-Error.pm
+++ b/perl/private-Error.pm
@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@ Only one finally block may be specified per try block
 =head2 CONSTRUCTORS
 
 The C<Error> object is implemented as a HASH. This HASH is initialized
-with the arguments that are passed to it's constructor. The elements
+with the arguments that are passed to its constructor. The elements
 that are used by, or are retrievable by the C<Error> class are listed
 below, other classes may add to these.
 
@@ -763,13 +763,13 @@ to the constructor.
 
 =item Error::Simple
 
-This class can be used to hold simple error strings and values. It's
+This class can be used to hold simple error strings and values. Its
 constructor takes two arguments. The first is a text value, the second
 is a numeric value. These values are what will be returned by the
 overload methods.
 
 If the text value ends with C<at file line 1> as $@ strings do, then
-this infomation will be used to set the C<-file> and C<-line> arguments
+this information will be used to set the C<-file> and C<-line> arguments
 of the error object.
 
 This class is used internally if an eval'd block die's with an error
diff --git a/pkt-line.c b/pkt-line.c
index eaba15f..70f1950 100644
--- a/pkt-line.c
+++ b/pkt-line.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 
+char packet_buffer[LARGE_PACKET_MAX];
 static const char *packet_trace_prefix = "git";
 static const char trace_key[] = "GIT_TRACE_PACKET";
 
@@ -47,45 +48,13 @@ static void packet_trace(const char *buf, unsigned int len, int write)
 }
 
 /*
- * Write a packetized stream, where each line is preceded by
- * its length (including the header) as a 4-byte hex number.
- * A length of 'zero' means end of stream (and a length of 1-3
- * would be an error).
- *
- * This is all pretty stupid, but we use this packetized line
- * format to make a streaming format possible without ever
- * over-running the read buffers. That way we'll never read
- * into what might be the pack data (which should go to another
- * process entirely).
- *
- * The writing side could use stdio, but since the reading
- * side can't, we stay with pure read/write interfaces.
- */
-ssize_t safe_write(int fd, const void *buf, ssize_t n)
-{
-	ssize_t nn = n;
-	while (n) {
-		int ret = xwrite(fd, buf, n);
-		if (ret > 0) {
-			buf = (char *) buf + ret;
-			n -= ret;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!ret)
-			die("write error (disk full?)");
-		die_errno("write error");
-	}
-	return nn;
-}
-
-/*
  * If we buffered things up above (we don't, but we should),
  * we'd flush it here
  */
 void packet_flush(int fd)
 {
 	packet_trace("0000", 4, 1);
-	safe_write(fd, "0000", 4);
+	write_or_die(fd, "0000", 4);
 }
 
 void packet_buf_flush(struct strbuf *buf)
@@ -121,7 +90,7 @@ void packet_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
 	va_start(args, fmt);
 	n = format_packet(fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	safe_write(fd, buffer, n);
+	write_or_die(fd, buffer, n);
 }
 
 void packet_buf_write(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
@@ -135,13 +104,29 @@ void packet_buf_write(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
 	strbuf_add(buf, buffer, n);
 }
 
-static int safe_read(int fd, void *buffer, unsigned size, int return_line_fail)
+static int get_packet_data(int fd, char **src_buf, size_t *src_size,
+			   void *dst, unsigned size, int options)
 {
-	ssize_t ret = read_in_full(fd, buffer, size);
-	if (ret < 0)
-		die_errno("read error");
-	else if (ret < size) {
-		if (return_line_fail)
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	if (fd >= 0 && src_buf && *src_buf)
+		die("BUG: multiple sources given to packet_read");
+
+	/* Read up to "size" bytes from our source, whatever it is. */
+	if (src_buf && *src_buf) {
+		ret = size < *src_size ? size : *src_size;
+		memcpy(dst, *src_buf, ret);
+		*src_buf += ret;
+		*src_size -= ret;
+	} else {
+		ret = read_in_full(fd, dst, size);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			die_errno("read error");
+	}
+
+	/* And complain if we didn't get enough bytes to satisfy the read. */
+	if (ret < size) {
+		if (options & PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF)
 			return -1;
 
 		die("The remote end hung up unexpectedly");
@@ -175,13 +160,14 @@ static int packet_length(const char *linelen)
 	return len;
 }
 
-static int packet_read_internal(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size, int return_line_fail)
+int packet_read(int fd, char **src_buf, size_t *src_len,
+		char *buffer, unsigned size, int options)
 {
 	int len, ret;
 	char linelen[4];
 
-	ret = safe_read(fd, linelen, 4, return_line_fail);
-	if (return_line_fail && ret < 0)
+	ret = get_packet_data(fd, src_buf, src_len, linelen, 4, options);
+	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
 	len = packet_length(linelen);
 	if (len < 0)
@@ -193,50 +179,37 @@ static int packet_read_internal(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size, int return_
 	len -= 4;
 	if (len >= size)
 		die("protocol error: bad line length %d", len);
-	ret = safe_read(fd, buffer, len, return_line_fail);
-	if (return_line_fail && ret < 0)
+	ret = get_packet_data(fd, src_buf, src_len, buffer, len, options);
+	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
+
+	if ((options & PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE) &&
+	    len && buffer[len-1] == '\n')
+		len--;
+
 	buffer[len] = 0;
 	packet_trace(buffer, len, 0);
 	return len;
 }
 
-int packet_read(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size)
+static char *packet_read_line_generic(int fd,
+				      char **src, size_t *src_len,
+				      int *dst_len)
 {
-	return packet_read_internal(fd, buffer, size, 1);
+	int len = packet_read(fd, src, src_len,
+			      packet_buffer, sizeof(packet_buffer),
+			      PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE);
+	if (dst_len)
+		*dst_len = len;
+	return len ? packet_buffer : NULL;
 }
 
-int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size)
+char *packet_read_line(int fd, int *len_p)
 {
-	return packet_read_internal(fd, buffer, size, 0);
+	return packet_read_line_generic(fd, NULL, NULL, len_p);
 }
 
-int packet_get_line(struct strbuf *out,
-	char **src_buf, size_t *src_len)
+char *packet_read_line_buf(char **src, size_t *src_len, int *dst_len)
 {
-	int len;
-
-	if (*src_len < 4)
-		return -1;
-	len = packet_length(*src_buf);
-	if (len < 0)
-		return -1;
-	if (!len) {
-		*src_buf += 4;
-		*src_len -= 4;
-		packet_trace("0000", 4, 0);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (*src_len < len)
-		return -2;
-
-	*src_buf += 4;
-	*src_len -= 4;
-	len -= 4;
-
-	strbuf_add(out, *src_buf, len);
-	*src_buf += len;
-	*src_len -= len;
-	packet_trace(out->buf, out->len, 0);
-	return len;
+	return packet_read_line_generic(-1, src, src_len, dst_len);
 }
diff --git a/pkt-line.h b/pkt-line.h
index 8cfeb0c..0a838d1 100644
--- a/pkt-line.h
+++ b/pkt-line.h
@@ -5,16 +5,78 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 
 /*
- * Silly packetized line writing interface
+ * Write a packetized stream, where each line is preceded by
+ * its length (including the header) as a 4-byte hex number.
+ * A length of 'zero' means end of stream (and a length of 1-3
+ * would be an error).
+ *
+ * This is all pretty stupid, but we use this packetized line
+ * format to make a streaming format possible without ever
+ * over-running the read buffers. That way we'll never read
+ * into what might be the pack data (which should go to another
+ * process entirely).
+ *
+ * The writing side could use stdio, but since the reading
+ * side can't, we stay with pure read/write interfaces.
  */
 void packet_flush(int fd);
 void packet_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 void packet_buf_flush(struct strbuf *buf);
 void packet_buf_write(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 
-int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size);
-int packet_read(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size);
-int packet_get_line(struct strbuf *out, char **src_buf, size_t *src_len);
-ssize_t safe_write(int, const void *, ssize_t);
+/*
+ * Read a packetized line into the buffer, which must be at least size bytes
+ * long. The return value specifies the number of bytes read into the buffer.
+ *
+ * If src_buffer is not NULL (and nor is *src_buffer), it should point to a
+ * buffer containing the packet data to parse, of at least *src_len bytes.
+ * After the function returns, src_buf will be incremented and src_len
+ * decremented by the number of bytes consumed.
+ *
+ * If src_buffer (or *src_buffer) is NULL, then data is read from the
+ * descriptor "fd".
+ *
+ * If options does not contain PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF, we will die under any
+ * of the following conditions:
+ *
+ *   1. Read error from descriptor.
+ *
+ *   2. Protocol error from the remote (e.g., bogus length characters).
+ *
+ *   3. Receiving a packet larger than "size" bytes.
+ *
+ *   4. Truncated output from the remote (e.g., we expected a packet but got
+ *      EOF, or we got a partial packet followed by EOF).
+ *
+ * If options does contain PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF, we will not die on
+ * condition 4 (truncated input), but instead return -1. However, we will still
+ * die for the other 3 conditions.
+ *
+ * If options contains PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE, a trailing newline (if
+ * present) is removed from the buffer before returning.
+ */
+#define PACKET_READ_GENTLE_ON_EOF (1u<<0)
+#define PACKET_READ_CHOMP_NEWLINE (1u<<1)
+int packet_read(int fd, char **src_buffer, size_t *src_len, char
+		*buffer, unsigned size, int options);
+
+/*
+ * Convenience wrapper for packet_read that is not gentle, and sets the
+ * CHOMP_NEWLINE option. The return value is NULL for a flush packet,
+ * and otherwise points to a static buffer (that may be overwritten by
+ * subsequent calls). If the size parameter is not NULL, the length of the
+ * packet is written to it.
+ */
+char *packet_read_line(int fd, int *size);
+
+/*
+ * Same as packet_read_line, but read from a buf rather than a descriptor;
+ * see packet_read for details on how src_* is used.
+ */
+char *packet_read_line_buf(char **src_buf, size_t *src_len, int *size);
+
+#define DEFAULT_PACKET_MAX 1000
+#define LARGE_PACKET_MAX 65520
+extern char packet_buffer[LARGE_PACKET_MAX];
 
 #endif
diff --git a/po/README b/po/README
index c1520e8..d8c9111 100644
--- a/po/README
+++ b/po/README
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ Shell:
 
        # To interpolate variables:
        details="oh noes"
-       eval_gettext "An error occured: \$details"; echo
+       eval_gettext "An error occurred: \$details"; echo
 
    In addition we have wrappers for messages that end with a trailing
    newline. I.e. you could write the above as:
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ Shell:
 
        # To interpolate variables:
        details="oh noes"
-       eval_gettextln "An error occured: \$details"
+       eval_gettextln "An error occurred: \$details"
 
    More documentation about the interface is available in the GNU info
    page: `info '(gettext)sh'`. Looking at git-am.sh (the first shell
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ Perl:
 
        use Git::I18N;
        print __("Welcome to Git!\n");
-       printf __("The following error occured: %s\n"), $error;
+       printf __("The following error occurred: %s\n"), $error;
 
    Run `perldoc perl/Git/I18N.pm` for more info.
 
diff --git a/po/TEAMS b/po/TEAMS
index 1b9e994..5eb5aad 100644
--- a/po/TEAMS
+++ b/po/TEAMS
@@ -46,3 +46,4 @@ Members:	Riku <lu.riku AT gmail.com>
 		Yichao Yu <yyc1992 AT gmail.com>
 		ws3389 <willsmith3389 AT gmail.com>
 		Thynson <lanxingcan AT gmail.com>
+		Wang Sheng <wangsheng2008love@163.com>
diff --git a/po/de.po b/po/de.po
index 0e8ed54..4901488 100644
--- a/po/de.po
+++ b/po/de.po
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: git 1.8.1\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: git 1.8.3\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-11-30 12:40+0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-04-30 08:25+0800\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: 2012-10-02 19:35+0200\n"
 "Last-Translator: Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: German <>\n"
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1);\n"
 
-#: advice.c:40
+#: advice.c:53
 #, c-format
 msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
 msgstr "Hinweis: %.*s\n"
@@ -26,17 +26,17 @@ msgstr "Hinweis: %.*s\n"
 #. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
 #. * other commands doing a merge do.
 #.
-#: advice.c:70
+#: advice.c:83
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
 "and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
 "appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
 "or use 'git commit -a'."
 msgstr ""
-"Korrigiere dies im Arbeitsbaum,\n"
-"und benutze dann 'git add/rm <Datei>'\n"
+"Korrigieren Sie dies im Arbeitsbaum,\n"
+"und benutzen Sie dann 'git add/rm <Datei>'\n"
 "um die Auflösung entsprechend zu markieren und einzutragen,\n"
-"oder benutze 'git commit -a'."
+"oder benutzen Sie 'git commit -a'."
 
 #: archive.c:10
 msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
@@ -57,81 +57,209 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr "git archive --remote <Projektarchiv> [--exec <Programm>] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:322
+#: archive.c:323
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr "Format"
 
-#: archive.c:322
+#: archive.c:323
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr "Ausgabeformat"
 
-#: archive.c:323 builtin/log.c:1084
+#: archive.c:324 builtin/log.c:1126
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr "Prefix"
 
-#: archive.c:324
+#: archive.c:325
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr "stellt einen Präfix vor jeden Pfadnamen in der Ausgabe"
 
-#: archive.c:325 builtin/archive.c:91 builtin/blame.c:2390
-#: builtin/blame.c:2391 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:642
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:644 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:494 builtin/ls-files.c:497 builtin/notes.c:540
-#: builtin/notes.c:697 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
+#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2371
+#: builtin/blame.c:2372 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:665
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:667 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:490 builtin/ls-files.c:493 builtin/notes.c:536
+#: builtin/notes.c:693 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
 msgid "file"
 msgstr "Datei"
 
-#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:92
+#: archive.c:327 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr "schreibt die Ausgabe in diese Datei"
 
-#: archive.c:328
+#: archive.c:329
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr "liest .gitattributes aus dem Arbeitsverzeichnis"
 
-#: archive.c:329
+#: archive.c:330
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr "gibt archivierte Dateien in der Standard-Fehlerausgabe aus"
 
-#: archive.c:330
+#: archive.c:331
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr "nur speichern"
 
-#: archive.c:331
+#: archive.c:332
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr "schneller komprimieren"
 
-#: archive.c:339
+#: archive.c:340
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr "besser komprimieren"
 
-#: archive.c:342
+#: archive.c:343
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr "listet unterstützte Ausgabeformate auf"
 
-#: archive.c:344 builtin/archive.c:93 builtin/clone.c:85
+#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr "Projektarchiv"
 
-#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:94
+#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr "ruft das Archiv von externem Projektarchiv <Projektarchiv> ab"
 
-#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:95 builtin/notes.c:619
+#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:615
 msgid "command"
 msgstr "Programm"
 
-#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:96
+#: archive.c:348 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr "Pfad zum externen \"git-upload-archive\"-Programm"
 
 #: attr.c:259
 msgid ""
-"Negative patterns are forbidden in git attributes\n"
+"Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
 msgstr ""
-"Verneinende Muster sind in Git-Attributen verboten.\n"
-"Benutze '\\!' für führende Ausrufezeichen."
+"Verneinende Muster werden in Git-Attributen ignoriert.\n"
+"Benutzen Sie '\\!' für führende Ausrufezeichen."
+
+#: branch.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "Zweig %s kann nicht sein eigener Ãœbernahmezweig sein."
+
+#: branch.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Zweig %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von externem Zweig %s von %s durch "
+"Neuaufbau."
+
+#: branch.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
+msgstr "Zweig %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von externem Zweig %s von %s."
+
+#: branch.c:87
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Zweig %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von lokalem Zweig %s durch Neuaufbau."
+
+#: branch.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
+msgstr "Zweig %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von lokalem Zweig %s."
+
+#: branch.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Zweig %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von externer Referenz %s durch "
+"Neuaufbau."
+
+#: branch.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
+msgstr "Zweig %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von externer Referenz %s."
+
+#: branch.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Zweig %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von lokaler Referenz %s durch "
+"Neuaufbau."
+
+#: branch.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
+msgstr "Zweig %s konfiguriert zum Folgen von lokaler Referenz %s."
+
+#: branch.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "Tracking not set up: name too long: %s"
+msgstr "Konfiguration zum Folgen von Zweig nicht eingerichtet. Name zu lang: %s"
+
+#: branch.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
+msgstr "Konfiguration zum Folgen von Zweig nicht eingerichtet. Referenz %s ist mehrdeutig."
+
+#: branch.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Zweigname."
+
+#: branch.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Zweig '%s' existiert bereits."
+
+#: branch.c:195
+msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
+msgstr "Kann Aktualisierung des aktuellen Zweiges nicht erzwingen."
+
+#: branch.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann Informationen zum Ãœbernahmezweig nicht einrichten; Startpunkt '%s' ist "
+"kein Zweig."
+
+#: branch.c:203
+#, c-format
+msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "der angeforderte externe Ãœbernahmezweig '%s' existiert nicht"
+
+#: branch.c:205
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
+"branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to\n"
+"run \"git fetch\" to retrieve it.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you are planning to push out a new local branch that\n"
+"will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
+"\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Falls Sie vorhaben, Ihre Arbeit auf einem bereits existierenden,\n"
+"externen Ãœbernahmezweig aufzubauen, sollten Sie \"git fetch\"\n"
+"ausführen, um diesen abzurufen.\n"
+"\n"
+"Falls Sie vorhaben, einen neuen lokalen Zweig zu versenden\n"
+"der seinem externen Gegenstück folgen soll, können Sie\n"
+"\"git push -u\" verwenden, um den externen Ãœbernahmezweig\n"
+"beim Versand zu konfigurieren."
+
+#: branch.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "Ungültiger Objekt-Name: '%s'"
+
+#: branch.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "mehrdeutiger Objekt-Name: '%s'"
+
+#: branch.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
+msgstr "Ungültiger Verzweigungspunkt: '%s'"
+
+#: branch.c:281
+msgid "Failed to lock ref for update"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Sperren der Referenz zur Aktualisierung."
+
+#: branch.c:299
+msgid "Failed to write ref"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben der Referenz."
 
 #: bundle.c:36
 #, c-format
@@ -143,7 +271,7 @@ msgstr "'%s' sieht nicht wie eine v2 Paketdatei aus"
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "nicht erkannter Kopfbereich: %s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:674
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:676
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht öffnen"
@@ -152,35 +280,35 @@ msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht öffnen"
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr "Dem Projektarchiv fehlen folgende vorausgesetzte Versionen:"
 
-#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:562 sequencer.c:994 builtin/log.c:290
-#: builtin/log.c:732 builtin/log.c:1319 builtin/log.c:1535 builtin/merge.c:347
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:651 sequencer.c:1101 builtin/log.c:300
+#: builtin/log.c:770 builtin/log.c:1344 builtin/log.c:1570 builtin/merge.c:349
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:155
 msgid "revision walk setup failed"
 msgstr "Einrichtung des Revisionsgangs fehlgeschlagen"
 
 #: bundle.c:186
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
-msgstr[0] "Das Paket enthält %d Referenz"
-msgstr[1] "Das Paket enthält %d Referenzen"
+msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "Das Paket enthält diese Referenz:"
+msgstr[1] "Das Paket enthält diese %d Referenzen:"
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:193
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "Das Paket speichert eine komplette Historie."
 
 #: bundle.c:195
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
-msgstr[0] "Das Paket benötigt diese Referenz"
-msgstr[1] "Das Paket benötigt diese %d Referenzen"
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "Das Paket benötigt diese Referenz:"
+msgstr[1] "Das Paket benötigt diese %d Referenzen:"
 
 #: bundle.c:294
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "\"rev-list\" abgebrochen"
 
-#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1215 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1255 builtin/shortlog.c:258
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "nicht erkanntes Argument: %s"
@@ -306,24 +434,23 @@ msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
 msgstr[0] "vor %lu Jahr"
 msgstr[1] "vor %lu Jahren"
 
-#: diff.c:111
+#: diff.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 "  Fehler beim Parsen des abgeschnittenen \"dirstat\" Prozentsatzes '%s'\n"
 
-#: diff.c:116
+#: diff.c:117
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  Unbekannter \"dirstat\" Parameter '%s'\n"
 
-#: diff.c:194
+#: diff.c:210
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-"Unbekannter Wert in Konfigurationsvariable 'diff.dirstat': '%s'"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Wert in Konfigurationsvariable 'diff.dirstat': '%s'"
 
-#: diff.c:237
+#: diff.c:260
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
@@ -332,7 +459,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Fehler in 'diff.dirstat' Konfigurationsvariable gefunden:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3494
+#: diff.c:3481
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
@@ -341,13 +468,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Fehler beim Parsen des --dirstat/-X Optionsparameters:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3508
-#,  c-format
+#: diff.c:3495
+#, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-"Fehler beim Parsen des --submodule Optionsparameters: '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Parsen des --submodule Optionsparameters: '%s'"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:59
+#: gpg-interface.c:59 gpg-interface.c:131
 msgid "could not run gpg."
 msgstr "konnte gpg nicht ausführen"
 
@@ -359,17 +485,27 @@ msgstr "gpg hat die Daten nicht akzeptiert"
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr "gpg beim Signieren der Daten fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: grep.c:1622
+#: gpg-interface.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "konnte temporäre Datei '%s' nicht erstellen: %s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben der Signatur nach '%s': %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1623
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr "'%s': konnte nicht lesen %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1639
+#: grep.c:1640
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': %s"
 msgstr "'%s': %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1650
+#: grep.c:1651
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': short read %s"
 msgstr "'%s': read() zu kurz %s"
@@ -381,9 +517,13 @@ msgstr "Vorhandene Git-Kommandos in '%s'"
 
 #: help.c:219
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
-msgstr "Vorhandene Git-Kommandos irgendwo in deinem $PATH"
+msgstr "Vorhandene Git-Kommandos irgendwo in Ihrem $PATH"
 
-#: help.c:275
+#: help.c:235
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr "Die allgemein verwendeten Git-Kommandos sind:"
+
+#: help.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
@@ -392,30 +532,30 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s' scheint ein git-Kommando zu sein, konnte aber\n"
 "nicht ausgeführt werden. Vielleicht ist git-%s fehlerhaft?"
 
-#: help.c:332
+#: help.c:349
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
-msgstr "Uh oh. Keine Git-Kommandos auf deinem System vorhanden."
+msgstr "Uh oh. Keine Git-Kommandos auf Ihrem System vorhanden."
 
-#: help.c:354
+#: help.c:371
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
 "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
 msgstr ""
-"Warnung: Du hast das nicht existierende Git-Kommando '%s' ausgeführt.\n"
-"Setze fort unter der Annahme das du '%s' gemeint hast"
+"Warnung: Sie haben das nicht existierende Git-Kommando '%s' ausgeführt.\n"
+"Setze fort unter der Annahme, dass Sie '%s' gemeint haben"
 
-#: help.c:359
+#: help.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
 msgstr "automatisch in %0.1f Sekunden..."
 
-#: help.c:366
+#: help.c:383
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
 msgstr "git: '%s' ist kein Git-Kommando. Siehe 'git --help'."
 
-#: help.c:370
+#: help.c:387
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -424,17 +564,17 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "Did you mean one of these?"
 msgstr[0] ""
 "\n"
-"Hast du das gemeint?"
+"Haben Sie das gemeint?"
 msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
-"Hast du eines von diesen gemeint?"
+"Haben Sie eines von diesen gemeint?"
 
 #: merge.c:56
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr "Lesen des Zwischenspeichers fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:333 builtin/checkout.c:534
-#: builtin/clone.c:586
+#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:365 builtin/checkout.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:645
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "Konnte neue Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben."
 
@@ -483,7 +623,7 @@ msgstr "kann Objekt %s '%s' nicht lesen"
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
 msgstr "Blob erwartet für %s '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:302
+#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:313
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to open '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von '%s'"
@@ -620,7 +760,7 @@ msgstr "%s ausgelassen (Ergebnis der Zusammenführung existiert bereits)"
 msgid "Auto-merging %s"
 msgstr "automatische Zusammenführung von %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:893
+#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:1029
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "Unterprojekt"
 
@@ -692,59 +832,78 @@ msgstr "Zusammenführung hat keine Version zurückgegeben"
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' nicht parsen."
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:643
+#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:658
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellung nicht schreiben."
 
-#: parse-options.c:494
+#: object.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' nicht parsen."
+
+#: parse-options.c:489
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "..."
 
-#: parse-options.c:512
+#: parse-options.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "Verwendung: %s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
 #. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:516
+#: parse-options.c:511
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr "      oder: %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:519
+#: parse-options.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: remote.c:1632
+#: parse-options.c:548
+msgid "-NUM"
+msgstr "-NUM"
+
+#: pathspec.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Pfad '%s' befindet sich in Unterprojekt '%.*s'"
+
+#: pathspec.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "'%s' ist über einem symbolischen Link"
+
+#: remote.c:1781
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
-msgstr[0] "Dein Zweig ist vor '%s' um %d Version.\n"
-msgstr[1] "Dein Zweig ist vor '%s' um %d Versionen.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Ihr Zweig ist vor '%s' um %d Version.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Ihr Zweig ist vor '%s' um %d Versionen.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1637
+#: remote.c:1787
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
-msgstr "  (benutze \"git push\" um deine lokalen Versionen herauszubringen)\n"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git push\" um lokalen Versionen herauszubringen)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1640
+#: remote.c:1790
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
 "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
-"Dein Zweig ist zu '%s' um %d Version hinterher, und kann vorgespult werden.\n"
+"Ihr Zweig ist zu '%s' um %d Version hinterher, und kann vorgespult werden.\n"
 msgstr[1] ""
-"Dein Zweig ist zu '%s' um %d Versionen hinterher, und kann vorgespult "
+"Ihr Zweig ist zu '%s' um %d Versionen hinterher, und kann vorgespult "
 "werden.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1647
+#: remote.c:1798
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git pull\" um deinen lokalen Zweig zu aktualisieren)\n"
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git pull\" um Ihren lokalen Zweig zu aktualisieren)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1650
+#: remote.c:1801
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -753,115 +912,113 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
 "and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
-"Dein Zweig und '%s' sind divergiert,\n"
+"Ihr Zweig und '%s' sind divergiert,\n"
 "und haben jeweils %d und %d unterschiedliche Versionen.\n"
 msgstr[1] ""
-"Dein Zweig und '%s' sind divergiert,\n"
+"Ihr Zweig und '%s' sind divergiert,\n"
 "und haben jeweils %d und %d unterschiedliche Versionen.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1659
+#: remote.c:1811
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git pull\" um deinen Zweig mit dem externen zusammenzuführen)\n"
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git pull\" um Ihren Zweig mit dem externen "
+"zusammenzuführen)\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:761 builtin/merge.c:874 builtin/merge.c:984
-#: builtin/merge.c:994
+#: sequencer.c:206 builtin/merge.c:776 builtin/merge.c:889 builtin/merge.c:999
+#: builtin/merge.c:1009
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Schreiben öffnen."
 
-#: sequencer.c:125 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:764 builtin/merge.c:986
-#: builtin/merge.c:999
+#: sequencer.c:208 builtin/merge.c:335 builtin/merge.c:779
+#: builtin/merge.c:1001 builtin/merge.c:1014
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte nicht nach '%s' schreiben."
 
-#: sequencer.c:146
+#: sequencer.c:229
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
 msgstr ""
-"nach Auflösung der Konflikte, markiere die korrigierten Pfade\n"
+"nach Auflösung der Konflikte, markieren Sie die korrigierten Pfade\n"
 "mit 'git add <Pfade>' oder 'git rm <Pfade>'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:149
+#: sequencer.c:232
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
 "and commit the result with 'git commit'"
 msgstr ""
-"nach Auflösung der Konflikte, markiere die korrigierten Pfade\n"
-"mit 'git add <Pfade>' oder 'git rm <Pfade>'und trage das Ergebnis ein mit "
-"'git commit'"
+"nach Auflösung der Konflikte, markieren Sie die korrigierten Pfade\n"
+"mit 'git add <Pfade>' oder 'git rm <Pfade>'und tragen Sie das Ergebnis mit\n"
+"'git commit' ein"
 
-#: sequencer.c:162 sequencer.c:770 sequencer.c:853
+#: sequencer.c:245 sequencer.c:859 sequencer.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not write to %s"
 msgstr "Konnte nicht nach %s schreiben"
 
-#: sequencer.c:165
+#: sequencer.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
 msgstr "Fehler bei Nachbereitung von %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:180
+#: sequencer.c:263
 msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
 msgstr ""
-"Deine lokalen Änderungen würden von \"cherry-pick\" überschrieben werden."
+"Ihre lokalen Änderungen würden von \"cherry-pick\" überschrieben werden."
 
-#: sequencer.c:182
+#: sequencer.c:265
 msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
-msgstr "Deine lokalen Änderungen würden von \"revert\" überschrieben werden."
+msgstr "Ihre lokalen Änderungen würden von \"revert\" überschrieben werden."
 
-#: sequencer.c:185
+#: sequencer.c:268
 msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
-msgstr "Trage deine Änderungen ein oder benutze \"stash\" um fortzufahren."
+msgstr ""
+"Tragen Sie Ihre Änderungen ein oder benutzen Sie \"stash\" um fortzufahren."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:235
+#: sequencer.c:319
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "%s: Konnte neue Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben"
 
-#: sequencer.c:266
+#: sequencer.c:350
 msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
 msgstr "Konnte Version der Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht auflösen\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:287
+#: sequencer.c:371
 msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
 msgstr "Konnte zwischengespeicherten Baum nicht aktualisieren\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:332
+#: sequencer.c:416
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
 msgstr "Konnte Version %s nicht parsen\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:337
+#: sequencer.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
 msgstr "Konnte Elternversion %s nicht parsen\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:403
+#: sequencer.c:487
 msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
-msgstr "Deine Bereitstellungsdatei ist nicht zusammengeführt."
-
-#: sequencer.c:406
-msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
-msgstr "Du hast keine gültige Zweigspitze (HEAD)"
+msgstr "Ihre Bereitstellungsdatei ist nicht zusammengeführt."
 
-#: sequencer.c:421
+#: sequencer.c:506
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
 msgstr ""
 "Version %s ist eine Zusammenführung, aber die Option -m wurde nicht "
 "angegeben."
 
-#: sequencer.c:429
+#: sequencer.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
 msgstr "Version %s hat keinen Elternteil %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:433
+#: sequencer.c:518
 #, c-format
 msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
 msgstr ""
@@ -869,163 +1026,173 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
 #. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:444
+#: sequencer.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr "%s: kann Elternversion %s nicht parsen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:448
+#: sequencer.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
 msgstr "Kann keine Versionsbeschreibung für %s bekommen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:532
+#: sequencer.c:621
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
-msgstr "Konnte %s nicht zurücksetzen... %s"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht zurücknehmen... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:533
+#: sequencer.c:622
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht anwenden... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:565
+#: sequencer.c:654
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "leere Menge von Versionen übergeben"
 
-#: sequencer.c:573
+#: sequencer.c:662
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr "git %s: Fehler beim Lesen der Bereitstellung"
 
-#: sequencer.c:578
+#: sequencer.c:667
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr "git %s: Fehler beim Aktualisieren der Bereitstellung"
 
-#: sequencer.c:636
+#: sequencer.c:725
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
 msgstr "Kann %s nicht während eines %s durchführen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:658
+#: sequencer.c:747
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse line %d."
 msgstr "Konnte Zeile %d nicht parsen."
 
-#: sequencer.c:663
+#: sequencer.c:752
 msgid "No commits parsed."
 msgstr "Keine Versionen geparst."
 
-#: sequencer.c:676
+#: sequencer.c:765
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open %s"
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht öffnen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:680
+#: sequencer.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read %s."
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht lesen."
 
-#: sequencer.c:687
+#: sequencer.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
 msgstr "Unbenutzbares Instruktionsblatt: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:715
+#: sequencer.c:804
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid key: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Schlüssel: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:718
+#: sequencer.c:807
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Wert für %s: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:730
+#: sequencer.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
 msgstr "Fehlerhaftes Optionsblatt: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:751
+#: sequencer.c:840
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr "\"cherry-pick\" oder \"revert\" ist bereits im Gang"
 
-#: sequencer.c:752
+#: sequencer.c:841
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
-msgstr "versuche \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr "versuchen Sie \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:756
+#: sequencer.c:845
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
 msgstr "Konnte \"sequencer\"-Verzeichnis %s nicht erstellen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:772 sequencer.c:857
+#: sequencer.c:861 sequencer.c:946
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
 msgstr "Fehler beim Einpacken von %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:791 sequencer.c:925
+#: sequencer.c:880 sequencer.c:1014
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr "kein \"cherry-pick\" oder \"revert\" im Gang"
 
-#: sequencer.c:793
+#: sequencer.c:882
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "kann Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht auflösen"
 
-#: sequencer.c:795
+#: sequencer.c:884
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "kann nicht abbrechen: bin auf einem Zweig, der noch geboren wird"
 
-#: sequencer.c:817 builtin/apply.c:4005
+#: sequencer.c:906 builtin/apply.c:4060
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
 msgstr "Kann %s nicht öffnen: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:820
+#: sequencer.c:909
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
 msgstr "Kann %s nicht lesen: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:821
+#: sequencer.c:910
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "Unerwartetes Dateiende"
 
-#: sequencer.c:827
+#: sequencer.c:916
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr ""
 "gespeicherte \"pre-cherry-pick\" Datei der Zweigspitze (HEAD) '%s' ist "
 "beschädigt"
 
-#: sequencer.c:850
+#: sequencer.c:939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not format %s."
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht formatieren."
 
-#: sequencer.c:1012
+#: sequencer.c:1083
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s kann nicht in \"cherry-pick\" benutzt werden"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: bad revision"
+msgstr "%s: ungültige Revision"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1119
 msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
-msgstr "Kann nicht zu initialer Version zurücksetzen."
+msgstr "Rücknahme-Version kann nicht initial sein."
 
-#: sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:1120
 msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
-msgstr "Kann \"cherry-pick\" nicht in einem leerem Kopf ausführen."
+msgstr "Kann \"cherry-pick\" nicht in einem leeren Zweig ausführen."
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1044
+#: sha1_name.c:1036
 msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
 msgstr "Zweigspitze (HEAD) zeigt auf keinen Zweig"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1047
+#: sha1_name.c:1039
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
 msgstr "Kein solcher Zweig '%s'"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1049
+#: sha1_name.c:1041
 #, c-format
 msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Kein entferntes Projektarchiv für Zweig '%s' konfiguriert."
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1052
+#: sha1_name.c:1044
 #, c-format
 msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
 msgstr ""
@@ -1036,12 +1203,17 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
 msgstr "konnte nicht auf '%s' zugreifen: %s"
 
-#: wrapper.c:426
+#: wrapper.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte nicht auf '%s' zugreifen"
+
+#: wrapper.c:434
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
 msgstr "konnte aktuellen Benutzer nicht in Passwort-Datei finden: %s"
 
-#: wrapper.c:427
+#: wrapper.c:435
 msgid "no such user"
 msgstr "kein solcher Benutzer"
 
@@ -1053,28 +1225,30 @@ msgstr "Nicht zusammengeführte Pfade:"
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git reset %s <Datei>...\" zum Herausnehmen aus der "
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git reset %s <Datei>...\" zum Herausnehmen aus der "
 "Bereitstellung)"
 
 #: wt-status.c:169 wt-status.c:196
 msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git rm --cached <Datei>...\" zum Herausnehmen aus der "
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git rm --cached <Datei>...\" zum Herausnehmen aus der "
 "Bereitstellung)"
 
 #: wt-status.c:173
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
-msgstr "  (benutze \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" um die Auflösung zu markieren)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" um die Auflösung zu markieren)"
 
 #: wt-status.c:175 wt-status.c:179
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" um die Auflösung entsprechend zu "
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" um die Auflösung entsprechend zu "
 "markieren)"
 
 #: wt-status.c:177
 msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
-msgstr "  (benutze \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" um die Auflösung zu markieren)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" um die Auflösung zu markieren)"
 
 #: wt-status.c:188
 msgid "Changes to be committed:"
@@ -1086,29 +1260,29 @@ msgstr "Änderungen, die nicht zum Eintragen bereitgestellt sind:"
 
 #: wt-status.c:210
 msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
-msgstr "  (benutze \"git add <Datei>...\" zum Bereitstellen)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git add <Datei>...\" zum Bereitstellen)"
 
 #: wt-status.c:212
 msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
-msgstr "  (benutze \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" zum Bereitstellen)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" zum Bereitstellen)"
 
 #: wt-status.c:213
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git checkout -- <Datei>...\" um die Änderungen im "
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git checkout -- <Datei>...\" um die Änderungen im "
 "Arbeitsverzeichnis zu verwerfen)"
 
 #: wt-status.c:215
 msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (trage ein oder verwerfe den unbeobachteten oder geänderten Inhalt in den "
-"Unterprojekten)"
+"  (tragen Sie ein oder verwerfen Sie den unbeobachteten oder geänderten "
+"Inhalt in den Unterprojekten)"
 
 #: wt-status.c:227
 #, c-format
 msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
-msgstr "  (benutze \"git %s <Datei>...\" zum Einfügen in die Eintragung)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git %s <Datei>...\" zum Einfügen in die Eintragung)"
 
 #: wt-status.c:244
 msgid "bug"
@@ -1154,425 +1328,565 @@ msgstr "geänderter Inhalt, "
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "unbeobachteter Inhalt, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:303
+#: wt-status.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "new file:   %s"
 msgstr "neue Datei:   %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:306
+#: wt-status.c:309
 #, c-format
 msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
 msgstr "kopiert:     %s -> %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:309
+#: wt-status.c:312
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleted:    %s"
 msgstr "gelöscht:    %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:312
+#: wt-status.c:315
 #, c-format
 msgid "modified:   %s"
 msgstr "geändert:   %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:315
+#: wt-status.c:318
 #, c-format
 msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
 msgstr "umbenannt:    %s -> %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:318
+#: wt-status.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "typechange: %s"
 msgstr "Typänderung: %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:321
+#: wt-status.c:324
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown:    %s"
 msgstr "unbekannt:    %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:324
+#: wt-status.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "unmerged:   %s"
 msgstr "nicht zusammengeführt:   %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:327
+#: wt-status.c:330
 #, c-format
 msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
 msgstr "Fehler: unbehandelter Differenz-Status %c"
 
-#: wt-status.c:785
+#: wt-status.c:803
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
-msgstr "Du hast nicht zusammengeführte Pfade."
+msgstr "Sie haben nicht zusammengeführte Pfade."
 
-#: wt-status.c:788 wt-status.c:912
+#: wt-status.c:806 wt-status.c:958
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
-msgstr " (behebe die Konflikte und führe \"git commit\" aus)"
+msgstr " (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie \"git commit\" aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:791
+#: wt-status.c:809
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr ""
-"Alle Konflikte sind behoben, aber du bist immer noch beim Zusammenführen."
+"Alle Konflikte sind behoben, aber Sie sind immer noch beim Zusammenführen."
 
-#: wt-status.c:794
+#: wt-status.c:812
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
-msgstr "  (benutze \"git commit\" um die Zusammenführung abzuschließen)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git commit\" um die Zusammenführung abzuschließen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:804
+#: wt-status.c:822
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "Eine \"am\"-Sitzung ist im Gange."
 
-#: wt-status.c:807
+#: wt-status.c:825
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "Der aktuelle Patch ist leer."
 
-#: wt-status.c:811
+#: wt-status.c:829
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
-msgstr "  (behebe die Konflikte und führe dann \"git am --resolved\" aus)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie dann \"git am --resolved\" aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:813
+#: wt-status.c:831
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
-msgstr " (benutze \"git am --skip\" um diesen Patch auszulassen)"
+msgstr " (benutzen Sie \"git am --skip\" um diesen Patch auszulassen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:815
+#: wt-status.c:833
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git am --abort\" um den ursprünglichen Zweig wiederherzustellen)"
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git am --abort\" um den ursprünglichen Zweig "
+"wiederherzustellen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:873 wt-status.c:883
+#: wt-status.c:893 wt-status.c:910
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "Sie sind gerade beim Neuaufbau von Zweig '%s' auf '%s'."
+
+#: wt-status.c:898 wt-status.c:915
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
-msgstr "Du bist gerade beim Neuaufbau."
+msgstr "Sie sind gerade beim Neuaufbau."
 
-#: wt-status.c:876
+#: wt-status.c:901
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
-msgstr "  (behebe die Konflikte und führe dann \"git rebase --continue\" aus)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie dann \"git rebase --continue\" "
+"aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:878
+#: wt-status.c:903
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
-msgstr "  (benutze \"git rebase --skip\" um diesen Patch auszulassen)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git rebase --skip\" um diesen Patch auszulassen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:880
+#: wt-status.c:905
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git rebase --abort\" um den ursprünglichen Zweig auszuchecken)"
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git rebase --abort\" um den ursprünglichen Zweig "
+"auszuchecken)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:886
+#: wt-status.c:918
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
-msgstr "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führe \"git rebase --continue\" aus)"
+msgstr "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führen Sie \"git rebase --continue\" aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:888
+#: wt-status.c:922
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie teilen gerade eine Version auf, während ein Neuaufbau von Zweig '%s' auf "
+"'%s' im Gange ist."
+
+#: wt-status.c:927
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
-msgstr "Du teilst gerade eine Version während eines Neuaufbaus auf."
+msgstr "Sie teilen gerade eine Version während eines Neuaufbaus auf."
 
-#: wt-status.c:891
+#: wt-status.c:930
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
-"  (Sobald dein Arbeitsverzeichnis sauber ist, führe \"git rebase --continue"
-"\" aus)"
+"  (Sobald Ihr Arbeitsverzeichnis sauber ist, führen Sie \"git rebase --"
+"continue\" aus)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:934
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie editieren gerade eine Version während eines Neuaufbaus von Zweig '%s' "
+"auf '%s'."
 
-#: wt-status.c:893
+#: wt-status.c:939
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
-msgstr "Du editierst gerade eine Version während eines Neuaufbaus."
+msgstr "Sie editieren gerade eine Version während eines Neuaufbaus."
 
-#: wt-status.c:896
+#: wt-status.c:942
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git commit --amend\" um die aktuelle Version nachzubessern)"
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git commit --amend\" um die aktuelle Version nachzubessern)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:898
+#: wt-status.c:944
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git rebase --continue\" sobald deine Änderungen abgeschlossen "
-"sind)"
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git rebase --continue\" sobald Ihre Änderungen "
+"abgeschlossen sind)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:908
+#: wt-status.c:954
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking."
-msgstr "Du führst gerade \"cherry-pick\" aus."
+msgstr "Sie führen gerade \"cherry-pick\" aus."
 
-#: wt-status.c:915
+#: wt-status.c:961
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
-msgstr "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führe \"git commit\" aus)"
+msgstr "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führen Sie \"git commit\" aus)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
+msgstr "Sie nehmen gerade Version '%s' zurück."
+
+#: wt-status.c:975
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie dann \"git revert --continue\" "
+"aus)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:924
+#: wt-status.c:978
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führen Sie \"git revert --continue\" aus)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:980
+msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git revert --abort\" um die Umkehroperation abzubrechen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Sie sind gerade bei einer binären Suche, gestartet von Zweig '%s'."
+
+#: wt-status.c:995
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
-msgstr "Du bist gerade beim Halbieren."
+msgstr "Sie sind gerade bei einer binären Suche."
 
-#: wt-status.c:927
+#: wt-status.c:998
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
-"  (benutze \"git bisect reset\" um zum ursprünglichen Zweig zurückzukehren)"
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git bisect reset\" um zum ursprünglichen Zweig "
+"zurückzukehren)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:978
+#: wt-status.c:1173
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "Auf Zweig "
 
-#: wt-status.c:985
+#: wt-status.c:1184
+msgid "HEAD detached at "
+msgstr "Zweigspitze (HEAD) losgelöst bei "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1186
+msgid "HEAD detached from "
+msgstr "Zweigspitze (HEAD) losgelöst von "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1189
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr "Im Moment auf keinem Zweig."
 
-#: wt-status.c:997
+#: wt-status.c:1206
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "Initiale Version"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1011
+#: wt-status.c:1220
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr "Unbeobachtete Dateien"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1013
+#: wt-status.c:1222
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr "Ignorierte Dateien"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1015
+#: wt-status.c:1226
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
+"may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
+"new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+msgstr ""
+"Es dauerte %.2f Sekunden die unbeobachteten Dateien zu bestimmen.\n"
+"'status -uno' könnte das beschleunigen, aber Sie müssen darauf achten,\n"
+"neue Dateien selbstständig hinzuzufügen (siehe 'git help status')."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1232
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "Unbeobachtete Dateien nicht aufgelistet%s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1017
+#: wt-status.c:1234
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
-msgstr " (benutze die Option -u um unbeobachteten Dateien anzuzeigen)"
+msgstr " (benutzen Sie die Option -u um unbeobachteten Dateien anzuzeigen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1023
+#: wt-status.c:1240
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "Keine Änderungen"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1245
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
-"keine Änderungen zum Eintragen hinzugefügt (benutze \"git add\" und/oder "
-"\"git commit -a\")\n"
+"keine Änderungen zum Eintragen hinzugefügt (benutzen Sie \"git add\" und/"
+"oder \"git commit -a\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1031
+#: wt-status.c:1248
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr "keine Änderungen zum Eintragen hinzugefügt\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1034
+#: wt-status.c:1251
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
 "track)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "nichts zum Eintragen hinzugefügt, aber es gibt unbeobachtete Dateien "
-"(benutze \"git add\" zum Beobachten)\n"
+"(benutzen Sie \"git add\" zum Beobachten)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1254
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr "nichts zum Eintragen hinzugefügt, aber es gibt unbeobachtete Dateien\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1040
+#: wt-status.c:1257
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr ""
-"nichts einzutragen (Erstelle/Kopiere Dateien und benutze \"git add\" zum "
-"Beobachten)\n"
+"nichts einzutragen (Erstellen/Kopieren Sie Dateien und benutzen Sie \"git add"
+"\" zum Beobachten)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1043 wt-status.c:1048
+#: wt-status.c:1260 wt-status.c:1265
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr "nichts einzutragen\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1046
+#: wt-status.c:1263
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr ""
-"nichts einzutragen (benutze die Option -u, um unbeobachtete Dateien "
+"nichts einzutragen (benutzen Sie die Option -u, um unbeobachtete Dateien "
 "anzuzeigen)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1050
+#: wt-status.c:1267
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
 msgstr "nichts einzutragen, Arbeitsverzeichnis sauber\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1158
+#: wt-status.c:1375
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD (kein Zweig)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1164
+#: wt-status.c:1381
 msgid "Initial commit on "
 msgstr "Initiale Version auf "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1179
+#: wt-status.c:1396
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "hinterher "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1182 wt-status.c:1185
+#: wt-status.c:1399 wt-status.c:1402
 msgid "ahead "
 msgstr "voraus "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1187
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid ", behind "
 msgstr ", hinterher "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:341
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
-msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht entfernen"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht entfernen."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:20
+msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [Optionen] [--] [<Pfadspezifikation>...]"
+
+#.
+#. * To be consistent with "git add -p" and most Git
+#. * commands, we should default to being tree-wide, but
+#. * this is not the original behavior and can't be
+#. * changed until users trained themselves not to type
+#. * "git add -u" or "git add -A". For now, we warn and
+#. * keep the old behavior. Later, the behavior can be changed
+#. * to tree-wide, keeping the warning for a while, and
+#. * eventually we can drop the warning.
+#.
+#: builtin/add.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The behavior of 'git add %s (or %s)' with no path argument from a\n"
+"subdirectory of the tree will change in Git 2.0 and should not be used "
+"anymore.\n"
+"To add content for the whole tree, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s :/\n"
+"  (or git add %s :/)\n"
+"\n"
+"To restrict the command to the current directory, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s .\n"
+"  (or git add %s .)\n"
+"\n"
+"With the current Git version, the command is restricted to the current "
+"directory.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Das Verhalten von 'git add %s (oder %s)' ohne ein Pfad-Argument von\n"
+"einem Unterverzeichnis aus wird in Git 2.0 geändert und sollte nicht\n"
+"mehr verwendet werden.\n"
+"Um Dateien des gesamten Projektverzeichnisses hinzuzufügen, führen Sie aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s :/\n"
+"  (oder git add %s :/)\n"
+"\n"
+"Zur Einschränkung auf das aktuelle Verzeichnis führen Sie aus:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s .\n"
+"  (oder git add %s .)\n"
+"\n"
+"Mit der aktuellen Version von Git ist das Kommando auf das aktuelle\n"
+"Verzeichnis beschränkt.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:19
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git add [Optionen] [--] [<Dateimuster>...]"
+#: builtin/add.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You ran 'git add' with neither '-A (--all)' or '--ignore-removal',\n"
+"whose behaviour will change in Git 2.0 with respect to paths you removed.\n"
+"Paths like '%s' that are\n"
+"removed from your working tree are ignored with this version of Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>', which is the current default,\n"
+"  ignores paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --all <pathspec>' will let you also record the removals.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run 'git status' to check the paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben 'git add' weder mit '-A (--all)' noch mit '--ignore-removal'\n"
+"ausgeführt. Das Verhalten des Kommandos ändert sich in Git 2.0 durch\n"
+"Berücksichtigung der gelöschten Pfade.\n"
+"Pfade wie '%s', die im Arbeitsverzeichnis gelöscht wurden, werden in\n"
+"dieser Version von Git ignoriert.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --ignore-removal <Pfadspezifikation>', was der aktuelle\n"
+"  Standardwert ist, ignoriert gelöschte Pfade im Arbeitsverzeichnis."
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --all <Pfadspezifikation>' berücksichtigt ebenfalls gelöschte\n"
+"  Pfade."
+"\n"
+"Führen Sie 'git status' aus, um die gelöschten Pfade zu überprüfen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:62
+#: builtin/add.c:144
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr "unerwarteter Differenz-Status %c"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:149 builtin/commit.c:233
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr "Aktualisierung der Dateien fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:77
+#: builtin/add.c:163
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr "lösche '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:176
-#, c-format
-msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "Pfad '%s' befindet sich in Unterprojekt '%.*s'"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:192
+#: builtin/add.c:253
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr ""
 "Nicht bereitgestellte Änderungen nach Aktualisierung der Bereitstellung:"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:460 builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:256 builtin/add.c:572 builtin/rm.c:275
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr "Pfadspezifikation '%s' stimmt mit keinen Dateien überein"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
-msgstr "'%s' ist über einem symbolischen Link"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:276
+#: builtin/add.c:339
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr "Konnte die Bereitstellung nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Schreiben öffnen."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:290
+#: builtin/add.c:353
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "Konnte Patch nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:295
+#: builtin/add.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnis '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:297
+#: builtin/add.c:360
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr "Leerer Patch. Abgebrochen."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:303
+#: builtin/add.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht anwenden."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:313
+#: builtin/add.c:376
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Die folgenden Pfade werden durch eine deiner \".gitignore\" Dateien "
+"Die folgenden Pfade werden durch eine Ihrer \".gitignore\" Dateien "
 "ignoriert:\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:319 builtin/clean.c:52 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:388 builtin/remote.c:1253
+#: builtin/add.c:393 builtin/clean.c:161 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:425 builtin/remote.c:1253
 #: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr "Probelauf"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:320 builtin/apply.c:4354 builtin/commit.c:1160
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:82 builtin/fsck.c:613 builtin/log.c:1483
-#: builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
+#: builtin/add.c:394 builtin/apply.c:4409 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
+#: builtin/commit.c:1152 builtin/count-objects.c:95 builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/log.c:1518 builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
 msgid "be verbose"
 msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:322
+#: builtin/add.c:396
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr "interaktives Auswählen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:323 builtin/checkout.c:1031 builtin/reset.c:248
+#: builtin/add.c:397 builtin/checkout.c:1063 builtin/reset.c:258
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr "interaktiv Bereiche auswählen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:324
+#: builtin/add.c:398
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr "aktuelle Unterschiede editieren und anwenden"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:325
+#: builtin/add.c:399
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr "erlaubt das Hinzufügen andernfalls ignorierter Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:326
+#: builtin/add.c:400
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr "aktualisiert beobachtete Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:327
+#: builtin/add.c:401
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr "speichert nur, dass der Pfad später hinzugefügt werden soll"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:328
+#: builtin/add.c:402
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr ""
 "fügt Änderungen von allen beobachteten und unbeobachteten Dateien hinzu"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#. takes no arguments
+#: builtin/add.c:405
+msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
+msgstr "ignoriert gelöschte Pfade im Arbeitsverzeichnis (genau wie "
+"--no-all)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:407
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr "fügt nichts hinzu, aktualisiert nur die Bereitstellung"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:330
+#: builtin/add.c:408
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr ""
 "überspringt Dateien, die aufgrund von Fehlern nicht hinzugefügt werden "
 "konnten"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:331
+#: builtin/add.c:409
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr "prüft ob - auch fehlende - Dateien im Probelauf ignoriert werden"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:353
+#: builtin/add.c:431
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
-msgstr "Verwende -f wenn du diese wirklich hinzufügen möchtest.\n"
+msgstr "Verwenden Sie -f wenn Sie diese wirklich hinzufügen möchten.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:354
+#: builtin/add.c:432
 msgid "no files added"
 msgstr "keine Dateien hinzugefügt"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:360
+#: builtin/add.c:438
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "Hinzufügen von Dateien fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:392
+#: builtin/add.c:477
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
-msgstr "-A und -u sind zueinander inkompatibel"
+msgstr "Die Optionen -A und -u sind zueinander inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:394
+#: builtin/add.c:495
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr ""
-"Die Option --ignore-missing kann nur zusammen mit --dry-run benutzt werden."
+"Die Option --ignore-missing kann nur zusammen mit --dry-run verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:414
+#: builtin/add.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr "Nichts spezifiziert, nichts hinzugefügt.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:415
+#: builtin/add.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
-msgstr "Wolltest du vielleicht 'git add .' sagen?\n"
+msgstr "Wollten Sie vielleicht 'git add .' sagen?\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:421 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:291 builtin/mv.c:82
-#: builtin/rm.c:235
+#: builtin/add.c:532 builtin/check-ignore.c:66 builtin/clean.c:204
+#: builtin/commit.c:293 builtin/mv.c:82 builtin/rm.c:235
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr "Bereitstellungsdatei beschädigt"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:481 builtin/apply.c:4450 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
+#: builtin/add.c:604 builtin/apply.c:4505 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
 msgid "Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "Konnte neue Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben."
 
@@ -1629,17 +1943,17 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
 msgstr "git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - erwartete /dev/null in Zeile %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1420
+#: builtin/apply.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
 msgstr "recount: unerwartete Zeile: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1477
+#: builtin/apply.c:1479
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr "Patch-Fragment ohne Kopfbereich bei Zeile %d: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1494
+#: builtin/apply.c:1496
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
@@ -1654,70 +1968,66 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Dem Kopfbereich von \"git diff\" fehlen Informationen zum Dateinamen, wenn "
 "%d vorangestellte Teile des Pfades entfernt werden (Zeile %d)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1654
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
 msgid "new file depends on old contents"
 msgstr "neue Datei hängt von alten Inhalten ab"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+#: builtin/apply.c:1658
 msgid "deleted file still has contents"
 msgstr "entfernte Datei hat noch Inhalte"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1682
+#: builtin/apply.c:1684
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
 msgstr "fehlerhafter Patch bei Zeile %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1718
+#: builtin/apply.c:1720
 #, c-format
 msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
 msgstr "neue Datei %s hängt von alten Inhalten ab"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1720
+#: builtin/apply.c:1722
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
 msgstr "entfernte Datei %s hat noch Inhalte"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#: builtin/apply.c:1725
 #, c-format
 msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
 msgstr "** Warnung: Datei %s wird leer, aber nicht entfernt."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1869
+#: builtin/apply.c:1871
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr "fehlerhafter Binär-Patch bei Zeile %d: %.*s"
 
 #. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
-#: builtin/apply.c:1898
+#: builtin/apply.c:1900
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
 msgstr "nicht erkannter Binär-Patch bei Zeile %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1984
+#: builtin/apply.c:1986
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
 msgstr "Patch mit nutzlosen Informationen bei Zeile %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2074
+#: builtin/apply.c:2076
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
 msgstr "konnte symbolische Verknüpfung %s nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2078
+#: builtin/apply.c:2080
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open or read %s"
 msgstr "konnte %s nicht öffnen oder lesen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2149
-msgid "oops"
-msgstr "Ups"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2671
+#: builtin/apply.c:2688
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Zeilenanfang: '%c'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2789
+#: builtin/apply.c:2806
 #, c-format
 msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
 msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
@@ -1725,12 +2035,12 @@ msgstr[0] "Patch-Bereich #%d erfolgreich angewendet bei %d (%d Zeile versetzt)"
 msgstr[1] ""
 "Patch-Bereich #%d erfolgreich angewendet bei %d (%d Zeilen versetzt)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2801
+#: builtin/apply.c:2818
 #, c-format
 msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
 msgstr "Kontext reduziert zu (%ld/%ld) um Patch-Bereich bei %d anzuwenden"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2807
+#: builtin/apply.c:2824
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "while searching for:\n"
@@ -1739,335 +2049,340 @@ msgstr ""
 "bei der Suche nach:\n"
 "%.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2826
+#: builtin/apply.c:2843
 #, c-format
 msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
 msgstr "keine Daten in Binär-Patch für '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2929
+#: builtin/apply.c:2946
 #, c-format
 msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Binär-Patch nicht auf '%s' anwenden"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2935
+#: builtin/apply.c:2952
 #, c-format
 msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
 msgstr ""
 "Binär-Patch für '%s' erzeugt falsches Ergebnis (erwartete %s, bekam %s)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2956
+#: builtin/apply.c:2973
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
 msgstr "Anwendung des Patches fehlgeschlagen: %s:%ld"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3078
+#: builtin/apply.c:3095
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot checkout %s"
 msgstr "kann %s nicht auschecken"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3123 builtin/apply.c:3132 builtin/apply.c:3176
+#: builtin/apply.c:3140 builtin/apply.c:3149 builtin/apply.c:3193
 #, c-format
 msgid "read of %s failed"
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3156 builtin/apply.c:3378
+#: builtin/apply.c:3173 builtin/apply.c:3395
 #, c-format
 msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
 msgstr "Pfad %s wurde umbenannt/gelöscht"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3237 builtin/apply.c:3392
+#: builtin/apply.c:3254 builtin/apply.c:3409
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
 msgstr "%s ist nicht bereitgestellt"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3241 builtin/apply.c:3384 builtin/apply.c:3406
+#: builtin/apply.c:3258 builtin/apply.c:3401 builtin/apply.c:3423
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s"
 msgstr "%s: %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3246 builtin/apply.c:3400
+#: builtin/apply.c:3263 builtin/apply.c:3417
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: does not match index"
 msgstr "%s entspricht nicht der Bereitstellung"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3348
+#: builtin/apply.c:3365
 msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
 msgstr "Lösch-Patch hinterlässt Dateiinhalte"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3417
+#: builtin/apply.c:3434
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: wrong type"
 msgstr "%s: falscher Typ"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3419
+#: builtin/apply.c:3436
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
 msgstr "%s ist vom Typ %o, erwartete %o"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3520
+#: builtin/apply.c:3537
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: already exists in index"
 msgstr "%s ist bereits bereitgestellt"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3523
+#: builtin/apply.c:3540
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
 msgstr "%s existiert bereits im Arbeitsverzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3543
+#: builtin/apply.c:3560
 #, c-format
 msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
 msgstr "neuer Modus (%o) von %s entspricht nicht dem alten Modus (%o)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#: builtin/apply.c:3565
 #, c-format
 msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
 msgstr "neuer Modus (%o) von %s entspricht nicht dem alten Modus (%o) von %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3556
+#: builtin/apply.c:3573
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
 msgstr "%s: Patch konnte nicht angewendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3569
+#: builtin/apply.c:3586
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking patch %s..."
 msgstr "Prüfe Patch %s..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3624 builtin/checkout.c:215 builtin/reset.c:158
+#: builtin/apply.c:3679 builtin/checkout.c:216 builtin/reset.c:124
 #, c-format
 msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
 msgstr "make_cache_entry für Pfad '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3767
+#: builtin/apply.c:3822
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
 msgstr "konnte %s nicht aus der Bereitstellung entfernen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3795
+#: builtin/apply.c:3850
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
 msgstr "fehlerhafter Patch für Unterprojekt %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3799
+#: builtin/apply.c:3854
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte neu erstellte Datei '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3804
+#: builtin/apply.c:3859
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
 msgstr "kann internen Speicher für eben erstellte Datei %s nicht erzeugen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3807 builtin/apply.c:3915
+#: builtin/apply.c:3862 builtin/apply.c:3970
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
 msgstr "kann für %s keinen Eintrag in den Zwischenspeicher hinzufügen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+#: builtin/apply.c:3895
 #, c-format
 msgid "closing file '%s'"
 msgstr "schließe Datei '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#: builtin/apply.c:3944
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
 msgstr "konnte Datei '%s' mit Modus %o nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+#: builtin/apply.c:4031
 #, c-format
 msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
 msgstr "Patch %s sauber angewendet"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3984
+#: builtin/apply.c:4039
 msgid "internal error"
 msgstr "interner Fehler"
 
 #. Say this even without --verbose
-#: builtin/apply.c:3987
+#: builtin/apply.c:4042
 #, c-format
 msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
 msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
 msgstr[0] "Wende Patch %%s mit %d Zurückweisung an..."
 msgstr[1] "Wende Patch %%s mit %d Zurückweisungen an..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3997
+#: builtin/apply.c:4052
 #, c-format
 msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
 msgstr "Verkürze Name von .rej Datei zu %.*s.rej"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+#: builtin/apply.c:4073
 #, c-format
 msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
 msgstr "Patch-Bereich #%d sauber angewendet."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+#: builtin/apply.c:4076
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
 msgstr "Patch-Bereich #%d zurückgewiesen."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4171
+#: builtin/apply.c:4226
 msgid "unrecognized input"
 msgstr "nicht erkannte Eingabe"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4182
+#: builtin/apply.c:4237
 msgid "unable to read index file"
 msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellungsdatei nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4301 builtin/apply.c:4304 builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/apply.c:4356 builtin/apply.c:4359 builtin/clone.c:92
 #: builtin/fetch.c:63
 msgid "path"
 msgstr "Pfad"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4302
+#: builtin/apply.c:4357
 msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
 msgstr "wendet keine Änderungen im angegebenen Pfad an"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4305
+#: builtin/apply.c:4360
 msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
 msgstr "wendet Änderungen nur im angegebenen Pfad an"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4307
+#: builtin/apply.c:4362
 msgid "num"
 msgstr "Anzahl"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4308
+#: builtin/apply.c:4363
 msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
 msgstr ""
 "entfernt <Anzahl> vorangestellte Schrägstriche von herkömmlichen "
 "Differenzpfaden"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4311
+#: builtin/apply.c:4366
 msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
 msgstr "ignoriert hinzugefügte Zeilen des Patches"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4313
+#: builtin/apply.c:4368
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
 msgstr ""
 "anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, wird der \"diffstat\" für die Eingabe "
 "ausgegeben"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4317
+#: builtin/apply.c:4372
 msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
 msgstr ""
 "zeigt die Anzahl von hinzugefügten/entfernten Zeilen in Dezimalnotation"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4319
+#: builtin/apply.c:4374
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
 msgstr ""
 "anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, wird eine Zusammenfassung für die Eingabe "
 "ausgegeben"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4321
+#: builtin/apply.c:4376
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
 msgstr ""
 "anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, zeige ob Patch angewendet werden kann"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4323
+#: builtin/apply.c:4378
 msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
 msgstr ""
 "stellt sicher, dass der Patch in der aktuellen Bereitstellung angewendet "
 "werden kann"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4325
+#: builtin/apply.c:4380
 msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
 msgstr "wendet einen Patch an, ohne Änderungen im Arbeitszweig vorzunehmen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4327
+#: builtin/apply.c:4382
 msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
 msgstr "wendet den Patch an (Benutzung mit --stat/--summary/--check)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4329
+#: builtin/apply.c:4384
 msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
 msgstr ""
 "versucht 3-Wege-Zusammenführung, wenn der Patch nicht angewendet werden "
 "konnte"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4331
+#: builtin/apply.c:4386
 msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
 msgstr ""
 "erstellt eine temporäre Bereitstellung basierend auf den integrierten "
 "Bereitstellungsinformationen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4333 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/apply.c:4388 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:456
 msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
 msgstr "Pfade sind getrennt durch NUL Zeichen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4336
+#: builtin/apply.c:4391
 msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
 msgstr "stellt sicher, dass mindestens <n> Zeilen des Kontextes übereinstimmen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4337
+#: builtin/apply.c:4392
 msgid "action"
 msgstr "Aktion"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4338
+#: builtin/apply.c:4393
 msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
 msgstr "ermittelt neue oder geänderte Zeilen die Fehler in Leerzeichen haben"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4341 builtin/apply.c:4344
+#: builtin/apply.c:4396 builtin/apply.c:4399
 msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
 msgstr "ignoriert Änderungen in Leerzeichen bei der Suche des Kontextes"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4347
+#: builtin/apply.c:4402
 msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
 msgstr "wendet den Patch in umgekehrter Reihenfolge an"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4349
+#: builtin/apply.c:4404
 msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
 msgstr "erwartet keinen Kontext"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4351
+#: builtin/apply.c:4406
 msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
 msgstr ""
 "hinterlässt zurückgewiesene Patch-Bereiche in den entsprechenden *.rej "
 "Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4353
+#: builtin/apply.c:4408
 msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
 msgstr "erlaubt sich überlappende Patch-Bereiche"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4356
+#: builtin/apply.c:4411
 msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
 msgstr "toleriert fehlerhaft erkannten fehlenden Zeilenumbruch am Dateiende"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4359
+#: builtin/apply.c:4414
 msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
 msgstr "vertraut nicht den Zeilennummern im Kopf des Patch-Bereiches"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4361
+#: builtin/apply.c:4416
 msgid "root"
 msgstr "Wurzelverzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362
+#: builtin/apply.c:4417
 msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
 msgstr "stellt <Wurzelverzeichnis> vor alle Dateinamen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
+#: builtin/apply.c:4439
 msgid "--3way outside a repository"
-msgstr "--3way außerhalb eines Projektarchivs"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --3way kann nicht außerhalb eines Projektarchivs verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
+#: builtin/apply.c:4447
 msgid "--index outside a repository"
-msgstr "--index außerhalb eines Projektarchivs"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --index kann nicht außerhalb eines Projektarchivs verwendet "
+"werden."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4395
+#: builtin/apply.c:4450
 msgid "--cached outside a repository"
-msgstr "--cached außerhalb eines Projektarchivs"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --cached kann nicht außerhalb eines Projektarchivs verwendet "
+"werden."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4411
+#: builtin/apply.c:4466
 #, c-format
 msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
 msgstr "kann Patch '%s' nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4425
+#: builtin/apply.c:4480
 #, c-format
 msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
 msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
 msgstr[0] "unterdrückte %d Fehler in Leerzeichen"
 msgstr[1] "unterdrückte %d Fehler in Leerzeichen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4431 builtin/apply.c:4441
+#: builtin/apply.c:4486 builtin/apply.c:4496
 #, c-format
 msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
 msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
@@ -2091,21 +2406,21 @@ msgstr "git archive: Externes Archiv ohne URL"
 msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
 msgstr "git archive: habe ACK/NAK erwartet, aber EOF bekommen"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote error: %s"
 msgstr "Fehler am anderen Ende: %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:66
+#: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive: Protokollfehler"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:71
+#: builtin/archive.c:68
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr "git archive: erwartete eine Spülung (flush)"
 
@@ -2125,120 +2440,120 @@ msgstr "aktualisiert BISECT_HEAD, anstatt die aktuelle Version auszuchecken"
 msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
 msgstr "git blame [Optionen] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] Datei"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30 builtin/shortlog.c:15
+#: builtin/blame.c:30
 msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
 msgstr "[rev-opts] sind dokumentiert in git-rev-list(1)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2374
+#: builtin/blame.c:2355
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr "Zeigt \"blame\"-Einträge schrittweise, während wir sie generieren"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2375
+#: builtin/blame.c:2356
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Zeigt leere SHA-1 für Grenzversionen (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2376
+#: builtin/blame.c:2357
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Behandelt Ursprungsversionen nicht als Grenzen (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2377
+#: builtin/blame.c:2358
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr "Zeigt Statistiken zum Arbeitsaufwand"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2378
+#: builtin/blame.c:2359
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr "Zeigt Ausgabebewertung für \"blame\"-Einträge"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2379
+#: builtin/blame.c:2360
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr "Zeigt ursprünglichen Dateinamen (Standard: auto)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2380
+#: builtin/blame.c:2361
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Zeigt ursprüngliche Zeilennummer (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2381
+#: builtin/blame.c:2362
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr "Anzeige in einem Format für maschinelle Auswertung"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2382
+#: builtin/blame.c:2363
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr ""
 "Anzeige in Format für Fremdprogramme mit Versionsinformationen pro Zeile"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2383
+#: builtin/blame.c:2364
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Benutzt den gleichen Ausgabemodus wie \"git-annotate\" (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2384
+#: builtin/blame.c:2365
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Zeigt unbearbeiteten Zeitstempel (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2385
+#: builtin/blame.c:2366
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Zeigt langen Versions-SHA1 (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2386
+#: builtin/blame.c:2367
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Unterdrückt den Namen des Autors und den Zeitstempel (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2387
+#: builtin/blame.c:2368
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Zeigt anstatt des Namens die Email-Adresse des Autors (Standard: aus)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2388
+#: builtin/blame.c:2369
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr "Ignoriert Unterschiede in Leerzeichen"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2389
+#: builtin/blame.c:2370
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr "arbeite länger, um bessere Übereinstimmungen zu finden"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2390
+#: builtin/blame.c:2371
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr "Benutzt Revisionen von <Datei> anstatt \"git-rev-list\" aufzurufen"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2391
+#: builtin/blame.c:2372
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr "Benutzt Inhalte der <Datei>en als entgültiges Abbild"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2392 builtin/blame.c:2393
+#: builtin/blame.c:2373 builtin/blame.c:2374
 msgid "score"
 msgstr "Bewertung"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2392
+#: builtin/blame.c:2373
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr "Findet kopierte Zeilen innerhalb oder zwischen Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2393
+#: builtin/blame.c:2374
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr "Findet verschobene Zeilen innerhalb oder zwischen Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr "Verarbeitet nur Zeilen im Bereich n,m, gezählt von 1"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:23
+#: builtin/branch.c:24
 msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 msgstr "git branch [Optionen] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
+#: builtin/branch.c:25
 msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
 msgstr "git branch [Optionen] [-l] [-f] <Zweigname> [<Startpunkt>]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
 msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
 msgstr "git branch [Optionen] [-r] (-d | -D) <Zweigname>..."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
 msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
 msgstr "git branch [Optionen] (-m | -M) [<alterZweig>] <neuerZweig>"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:145
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
@@ -2248,7 +2563,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "         '%s', aber noch nicht mit der Zweigspitze (HEAD) zusammengeführt "
 "wurde."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:149
+#: builtin/branch.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
@@ -2257,280 +2572,364 @@ msgstr ""
 "entferne Zweig '%s' nicht, der noch nicht zusammengeführt wurde mit\n"
 "         '%s', obwohl er mit der Zweigspitze (HEAD) zusammengeführt wurde."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:163
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Versionsobjekt für '%s' nicht nachschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:167
+#: builtin/branch.c:172
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
 "If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
 msgstr ""
 "Der Zweig '%s' ist nicht vollständig zusammengeführt.\n"
-"Wenn du sicher bist diesen Zweig zu entfernen, führe 'git branch -D %s' aus."
+"Wenn Sie sicher sind diesen Zweig zu entfernen, führen Sie 'git branch -D "
+"%s' aus."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:180
+#: builtin/branch.c:185
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Aktualisierung der Konfigurationsdatei fehlgeschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:208
+#: builtin/branch.c:213
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "kann -a nicht mit -d benutzen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:214
+#: builtin/branch.c:219
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "Konnte Versionsobjekt für Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht nachschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:222
+#: builtin/branch.c:227
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
 msgstr ""
-"Kann Zweig '%s' nicht entfernen, da du dich gerade auf diesem befindest."
+"Kann Zweig '%s' nicht entfernen, da Sie sich gerade auf diesem befinden."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:235
+#: builtin/branch.c:240
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "externer Zweig '%s' nicht gefunden"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:236
+#: builtin/branch.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "Zweig '%s' nicht gefunden."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:250
+#: builtin/branch.c:255
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Entfernen des externen Zweiges '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:251
+#: builtin/branch.c:256
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Entfernen des Zweiges '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:258
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "Externer Zweig %s entfernt (war %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:259
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "Zweig %s entfernt (war %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:361
+#: builtin/branch.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
 msgstr "Zweig '%s' zeigt auf keine Version"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:433
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
 msgstr "[%s: %d hinterher]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:435
+#: builtin/branch.c:455
 #, c-format
 msgid "[behind %d]"
 msgstr "[%d hinterher]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:439
+#: builtin/branch.c:459
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
 msgstr "[%s: %d voraus]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:441
+#: builtin/branch.c:461
 #, c-format
 msgid "[ahead %d]"
 msgstr "[%d voraus]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:444
+#: builtin/branch.c:464
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
 msgstr "[%s: %d voraus, %d hinterher]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:447
+#: builtin/branch.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
 msgstr "[%d voraus, %d hinterher]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:560
+#: builtin/branch.c:490
+msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
+msgstr " **** ungültige Referenz ****"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:582
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(kein Zweig, Neuaufbau von Zweig %s im Gange)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:585
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(kein Zweig, Neuaufbau begonnen bei %s)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "(detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(losgelöst von %s)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "(no branch)"
 msgstr "(kein Zweig)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:625
+#: builtin/branch.c:637
+#, c-format
+msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "Objekt '%s' zeigt auf keine Version"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:669
 msgid "some refs could not be read"
 msgstr "Konnte einige Referenzen nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:638
+#: builtin/branch.c:682
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr ""
-"Kann aktuellen Zweig nicht umbenennen, solange du dich auf keinem befindest."
+"Kann aktuellen Zweig nicht umbenennen, solange Sie sich auf keinem befinden."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:648
+#: builtin/branch.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Zweig-Name: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:663
+#: builtin/branch.c:707
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "Umbenennung des Zweiges fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:667
+#: builtin/branch.c:711
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
 msgstr "falsch benannten Zweig '%s' umbenannt"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:671
+#: builtin/branch.c:715
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "Zweig umbenannt zu %s, aber Zweigspitze (HEAD) ist nicht aktualisiert!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:678
+#: builtin/branch.c:722
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr ""
 "Zweig ist umbenannt, aber die Aktualisierung der Konfigurationsdatei ist "
 "fehlgeschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:693
+#: builtin/branch.c:737
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed object name %s"
 msgstr "Missgebildeter Objektname %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:717
+#: builtin/branch.c:761
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Beschreibungsvorlage für Zweig nicht schreiben: %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:747
+#: builtin/branch.c:791
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr "Allgemeine Optionen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:749
+#: builtin/branch.c:793
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr "Zeigt Hash und Betreff; -vv: zusätzlich externen Übernahmezweig"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:750
+#: builtin/branch.c:794
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr "unterdrückt Informationsmeldungen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:751
+#: builtin/branch.c:795
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr "stellt den Ãœbernahmemodus ein (siehe git-pull(1))"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:753
+#: builtin/branch.c:797
 msgid "change upstream info"
 msgstr "ändert Informationen zum externen Übernahmezweig"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:757
+#: builtin/branch.c:801
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr "verwendet farbliche Ausgaben"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:758
+#: builtin/branch.c:802
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "wirkt auf externe Ãœbernahmezweige"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:761 builtin/branch.c:767 builtin/branch.c:788
-#: builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/commit.c:1377
-#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/tag.c:470
+#: builtin/branch.c:805 builtin/branch.c:811 builtin/branch.c:832
+#: builtin/branch.c:838 builtin/commit.c:1368 builtin/commit.c:1369
+#: builtin/commit.c:1370 builtin/commit.c:1371 builtin/tag.c:468
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "Version"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:762 builtin/branch.c:768
+#: builtin/branch.c:806 builtin/branch.c:812
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
 msgstr "gibt nur Zweige aus, welche diese Version beinhalten"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:774
+#: builtin/branch.c:818
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr "spezifische Aktionen für \"git-branch\":"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:775
+#: builtin/branch.c:819
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "listet externe Ãœbernahmezweige und lokale Zweige auf"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:777
+#: builtin/branch.c:821
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr "entfernt vollständig zusammengeführten Zweig"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:778
+#: builtin/branch.c:822
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr "löscht Zweig (auch wenn nicht zusammengeführt)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:779
+#: builtin/branch.c:823
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr "verschiebt/benennt einen Zweig und dessen Referenzprotokoll um"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:780
+#: builtin/branch.c:824
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr ""
 "verschiebt/benennt einen Zweig um, auch wenn das Ziel bereits existiert"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:781
+#: builtin/branch.c:825
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr "listet Zweignamen auf"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:782
+#: builtin/branch.c:826
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr "erzeugt das Referenzprotokoll des Zweiges"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:784
+#: builtin/branch.c:828
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr "bearbeitet die Beschreibung für den Zweig"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:785
+#: builtin/branch.c:829
 msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
 msgstr "erzeuge auch, wenn der Zweig bereits existiert"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:788
+#: builtin/branch.c:832
 msgid "print only not merged branches"
 msgstr "gibt nur Zweige aus, die nicht zusammengeführt sind"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:794
+#: builtin/branch.c:838
 msgid "print only merged branches"
 msgstr "gibt nur Zweige aus, die zusammengeführt sind"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:798
+#: builtin/branch.c:842
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr "listet Zweige in Spalten auf"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:811
+#: builtin/branch.c:855
 msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
 msgstr "Konnte Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht als gültige Referenz auflösen."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816 builtin/clone.c:561
+#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/clone.c:619
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "Zweigspitze (HEAD) wurde nicht unter \"refs/heads\" gefunden!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:836
+#: builtin/branch.c:883
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
-msgstr "--column und --verbose sind inkompatibel"
+msgstr "Die Optionen --column und --verbose sind inkompatibel."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:889 builtin/branch.c:928
+msgid "branch name required"
+msgstr "Zweigname erforderlich"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:904
+msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"zu losgelöster Zweigspitze (HEAD) kann keine Beschreibung hinterlegt werden"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:909
+msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
+msgstr "Beschreibung von mehr als einem Zweig kann nicht bearbeitet werden"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
+msgstr "Noch keine Version in Zweig '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:919
+#, c-format
+msgid "No branch named '%s'."
+msgstr "Zweig '%s' nicht vorhanden."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:934
+msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
+msgstr "zu viele Zweige für eine Umbenennen-Operation angegeben"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:939
+msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
+msgstr "zu viele Zweige angegeben um neuen Ãœbernahmezweig zu setzen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte keinen neuen Ãœbernahmezweig von Zweigspitze (HEAD) zu %s setzen,\n"
+"da diese auf keinen Zweig zeigt."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:887
+#: builtin/branch.c:946 builtin/branch.c:968 builtin/branch.c:990
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Kein solcher Zweig '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:950
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "Zweig '%s' existiert nicht"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:899
+#: builtin/branch.c:962
+msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
+msgstr ""
+"zu viele Zweige angegeben um Konfiguration zu Ãœbernahmezweig zu entfernen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:966
+msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte Konfiguration zum Ãœbernahmezweig von Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht\n"
+"entfernen, da diese auf keinen Zweig zeigt."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr "Zweig '%s' hat keinen externen Ãœbernahmezweig gesetzt"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914
+#: builtin/branch.c:987
+msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+msgstr "'HEAD' darf nicht manuell erstellt werden"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:993
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
-"Die Optionen -a und -r bei 'git branch' machen mit einem Zweignamen keinen "
-"Sinn."
+"Die Optionen -a und -r bei 'git branch' können nicht gemeimsam mit einem "
+"Zweignamen verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:917
+#: builtin/branch.c:996
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
 "track or --set-upstream-to\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Die --set-upstream Option ist veraltet und wird entfernt. Benutze --track "
-"oder --set-upstream-to\n"
+"Die --set-upstream Option ist veraltet und wird entfernt. Benutzen Sie --"
+"track oder --set-upstream-to\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:1013
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -2538,15 +2937,15 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Wenn du wolltest, dass '%s' den Zweig '%s' als externen Ãœbernahmezweig hat, "
-"führe aus:\n"
+"Wenn Sie wollten, dass '%s' den Zweig '%s' als externen Ãœbernahmezweig hat, "
+"führen Sie aus:\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:935
+#: builtin/branch.c:1014
 #, c-format
 msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
 msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:936
+#: builtin/branch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
 msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
@@ -2564,45 +2963,45 @@ msgstr "Um ein Paket zu erstellen wird ein Projektarchiv benötigt."
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr "Zum Entpacken wird ein Projektarchiv benötigt."
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:247
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:176
 msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
 msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<Art>|--textconv) <Objekt>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:248
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:177
 msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
 msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <Liste_von_Objekten>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:266
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:195
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr "<Art> kann sein: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:267
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:196
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr "zeigt Objektart"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:268
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:197
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr "zeigt Objektgröße"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:270
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:199
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr "beendet mit Rückgabewert 0, wenn kein Fehler aufgetreten ist"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:271
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:200
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr "ansprechende Anzeige des Objektinhaltes"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:273
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:202
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
 msgstr "führt eine Textkonvertierung auf den Inhalt von Blob-Objekten aus"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:275
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:204
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 "Anzeige von Informationen und Inhalt von Objekten, gelesen von der Standard-"
 "Eingabe"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:278
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:207
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 "Anzeige von Informationen über Objekte, gelesen von der Standard-Eingabe"
@@ -2613,7 +3012,8 @@ msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | Attribut...] [--] Pfadname..."
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:12
 msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | Attribut...] < <Liste-von-Pfaden>"
+msgstr ""
+"git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | Attribut...] < <Liste-von-Pfaden>"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:19
 msgid "report all attributes set on file"
@@ -2623,14 +3023,39 @@ msgstr "gibt alle Attribute einer Datei aus"
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr "verwendet .gitattributes nur von der Bereitstellung"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/hash-object.c:75
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:75
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr "liest Dateinamen von der Standard-Eingabe"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
 msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
 msgstr "Eingabepfade sind durch ein NUL Zeichen abgeschlossen"
 
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1044 builtin/gc.c:177
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "unterdrückt Fortschrittsanzeige"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:146
+msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+msgstr "Angabe von Pfadnamen kann nicht gemeinsam mit --stdin verwendet werden"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:149
+msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
+msgstr "Die Option -z kann nur mit --stdin verwendet werden."
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:151
+msgid "no path specified"
+msgstr "kein Pfad angegeben"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:155
+msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+msgstr "Die Option --quiet ist nur mit einem einzelnen Pfadnamen gültig."
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen --quiet und --verbose können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
+
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
 msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
 msgstr "git checkout-index [Optionen] [--] [<Datei>...]"
@@ -2686,106 +3111,106 @@ msgstr "git checkout [Optionen] <Zweig>"
 msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
 msgstr "git checkout [Optionen] [Zweig>] -- <Datei>..."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#: builtin/checkout.c:117 builtin/checkout.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht unsere Version."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:118 builtin/checkout.c:151
+#: builtin/checkout.c:119 builtin/checkout.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht deren Version."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134
+#: builtin/checkout.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht alle notwendigen Versionen."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:178
+#: builtin/checkout.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht die notwendigen Versionen."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout.c:196
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s': kann nicht zusammenführen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:213
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Ergebnis der Zusammenführung von '%s' nicht hinzufügen."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/checkout.c:239 builtin/checkout.c:242
-#: builtin/checkout.c:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:237 builtin/checkout.c:240 builtin/checkout.c:243
+#: builtin/checkout.c:246
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
-msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit Pfaden benutzt werden"
+msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit Pfaden verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:248 builtin/checkout.c:251
+#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
-msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit '%s' benutzt werden"
+msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit '%s' verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:254
+#: builtin/checkout.c:255
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr "Kann nicht gleichzeitig Pfade aktualisieren und zu Zweig '%s' wechseln"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:426
+#: builtin/checkout.c:266 builtin/checkout.c:458
 msgid "corrupt index file"
 msgstr "beschädigte Bereitstellungsdatei"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:302
+#: builtin/checkout.c:329 builtin/checkout.c:336
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr "Pfad '%s' ist nicht zusammengeführt."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:448
+#: builtin/checkout.c:480
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
-msgstr "Du musst zuerst deine aktuelle Bereitstellung auflösen."
+msgstr "Sie müssen zuerst Ihre aktuelle Bereitstellung auflösen."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:569
+#: builtin/checkout.c:601
 #, c-format
 msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Konnte \"reflog\" für '%s' nicht durchführen\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:602
+#: builtin/checkout.c:634
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "Zweigspitze (HEAD) ist jetzt bei"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:609
+#: builtin/checkout.c:641
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Setze Zweig '%s' zurück\n"
+msgstr "Setze Zweig '%s' neu\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:612
+#: builtin/checkout.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Bereits auf '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:616
+#: builtin/checkout.c:648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
-msgstr "Gewechselt zu zurückgesetztem Zweig '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Gewechselt zu neu gesetztem Zweig '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:618 builtin/checkout.c:955
+#: builtin/checkout.c:650 builtin/checkout.c:987
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Gewechselt zu einem neuen Zweig '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:620
+#: builtin/checkout.c:652
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Gewechselt zu Zweig '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:676
+#: builtin/checkout.c:708
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr " ... und %d weitere.\n"
 
 #. The singular version
-#: builtin/checkout.c:682
+#: builtin/checkout.c:714
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -2798,17 +3223,17 @@ msgid_plural ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
-"Warnung: Du bist um %d Version hinterher, nicht verbunden zu\n"
-"einem deiner Zweige:\n"
+"Warnung: Sie sind um %d Version hinterher, nicht verbunden zu\n"
+"einem Ihrer Zweige:\n"
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 msgstr[1] ""
-"Warnung: Du bist um %d Versionen hinterher, nicht verbunden zu\n"
-"einem deiner Zweige:\n"
+"Warnung: Sie sind um %d Versionen hinterher, nicht verbunden zu\n"
+"einem Ihrer Zweige:\n"
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:700
+#: builtin/checkout.c:732
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
@@ -2817,209 +3242,234 @@ msgid ""
 " git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
 "\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Wenn du diese durch einen neuen Zweig behalten möchtest, dann könnte jetzt\n"
+"Wenn Sie diese durch einen neuen Zweig behalten möchten, dann könnte jetzt\n"
 "ein guter Zeitpunkt sein dies zu tun mit:\n"
 "\n"
 " git branch neuer_zweig_name %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:730
+#: builtin/checkout.c:762
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "interner Fehler im Revisionsgang"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:734
+#: builtin/checkout.c:766
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "Vorherige Position der Zweigspitze (HEAD) war"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:761 builtin/checkout.c:950
+#: builtin/checkout.c:793 builtin/checkout.c:982
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
-msgstr "du bist auf einem Zweig, der noch geboren wird"
+msgstr "Sie sind auf einem Zweig, der noch geboren wird"
 
 #. case (1)
-#: builtin/checkout.c:886
+#: builtin/checkout.c:918
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültige Referenz: %s"
 
 #. case (1): want a tree
-#: builtin/checkout.c:925
+#: builtin/checkout.c:957
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "Referenz ist kein Baum: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:964
+#: builtin/checkout.c:996
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
-msgstr "Pfade können nicht mit dem Wechseln von Zweigen benutzt werden"
+msgstr "Pfade können nicht beim Wechseln von Zweigen verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:967 builtin/checkout.c:971
+#: builtin/checkout.c:999 builtin/checkout.c:1003
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
-msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit dem Wechseln von Zweigen benutzt werden"
+msgstr "'%s' kann nicht beim Wechseln von Zweigen verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:975 builtin/checkout.c:978 builtin/checkout.c:983
-#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1007 builtin/checkout.c:1010 builtin/checkout.c:1015
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
-msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit '%s' benutzt werden"
+msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit '%s' verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1023
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann Zweig nicht zu Nicht-Version '%s' wechseln"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1012 builtin/gc.c:177
-msgid "suppress progress reporting"
-msgstr "unterdrückt Fortschrittsanzeige"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1013 builtin/checkout.c:1015 builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1045 builtin/checkout.c:1047 builtin/clone.c:90
 #: builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/remote.c:171
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr "Zweig"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1014
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1046
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr "erzeugt und checkt einen neuen Zweig aus"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1048
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr "erzeugt/setzt neu und checkt einen Zweig aus"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1017
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1049
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr "erzeugt Referenzprotokoll für den neuen Zweig"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1050
 msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
 msgstr "setzt die Zweigspitze (HEAD) zu benannter Version"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1051
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr "setzt Informationen zum externen Übernahmezweig für den neuen Zweig"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
 msgid "new branch"
 msgstr "neuer Zweig"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr "neuer Zweig ohne Elternversion"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1022
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1054
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "checkt unsere Variante für nicht zusammengeführte Dateien aus"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1024
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1056
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "checkt ihre Variante für nicht zusammengeführte Dateien aus"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1026
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr "erzwingt Auschecken (verwirft lokale Änderungen)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1027
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr "führt eine 3-Wege-Zusammenführung mit dem neuen Zweig aus"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1028 builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1060 builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr "aktualisiert ignorierte Dateien (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1029 builtin/log.c:1116 parse-options.h:241
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1061 builtin/log.c:1158 parse-options.h:245
 msgid "style"
 msgstr "Stil"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1030
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1062
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr "Konfliktstil (merge oder diff3)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1033
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1065
+msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
+msgstr "Pfadspezifikationen ignorieren Einstellungen zum partiellen Auschecken"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1067
 msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
 msgstr "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1057
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1091
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
-msgstr "-b, -B und --orphan schliessen sich gegenseitig aus"
+msgstr "Die Optionen -b, -B und --orphan schließen sich gegenseitig aus."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1108
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
-msgstr "--track benötigt einen Zweignamen"
+msgstr "Bei der Option --track muss ein Zweigname angegeben werden."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
-msgstr "Vermisse Zweignamen; versuche -b"
+msgstr "Vermisse Zweignamen; versuchen Sie -b"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1150
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "ungültige Pfadspezifikation"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1157
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
 "Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
 msgstr ""
 "Kann nicht gleichzeitig Pfade aktualisieren und zu Zweig '%s' wechseln.\n"
-"Hast du beabsichtigt '%s' auszuchecken, welcher nicht als Version aufgelöst "
-"werden kann?"
+"Haben Sie beabsichtigt '%s' auszuchecken, welcher nicht als Version "
+"aufgelöst werden kann?"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1162
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr "git checkout: --detach nimmt kein Pfad-Argument '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1166
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
 msgstr ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force und --merge sind inkompatibel wenn\n"
-"du aus der Bereitstellung auscheckst."
+"Sie aus der Bereitstellung auschecken."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:19
+#: builtin/clean.c:20
 msgid "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
 msgstr "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <Muster>] [-x | -X] [--] <Pfade>..."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:51
+#: builtin/clean.c:24
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Lösche %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:25
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Würde %s löschen\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:26
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
+msgstr "Ãœberspringe Projektarchiv %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:27
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
+msgstr "Würde Projektarchiv %s überspringen\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:28
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Löschen von %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:160
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr "gibt keine Namen von gelöschten Dateien aus"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:53
+#: builtin/clean.c:162
 msgid "force"
 msgstr "erzwingt Aktion"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:55
+#: builtin/clean.c:164
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr "löscht ganze Verzeichnisse"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:56 builtin/describe.c:413 builtin/grep.c:717
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:491 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
+#: builtin/clean.c:165 builtin/describe.c:412 builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:487 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr "Muster"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:57
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr "fügt <Muster> zu den Regeln für ignorierte Pfade hinzu"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:58
+#: builtin/clean.c:167
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr "löscht auch ignorierte Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:60
+#: builtin/clean.c:169
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr "löscht nur ignorierte Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:78
+#: builtin/clean.c:187
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
-msgstr "-x und -X können nicht zusammen benutzt werden"
+msgstr "Die Optionen -x und -X können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:82
+#: builtin/clean.c:191
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
 msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce auf \"true\" gesetzt und weder -n noch -f gegeben; "
 "Säuberung verweigert"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:85
+#: builtin/clean.c:194
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
@@ -3027,241 +3477,240 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce standardmäßig auf \"true\" gesetzt und weder -n noch -f "
 "gegeben; Säuberung verweigert"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
-#, c-format
-msgid "Would remove %s\n"
-msgstr "Würde %s löschen\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
-#, c-format
-msgid "Removing %s\n"
-msgstr "Lösche %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to remove %s"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Löschen von %s"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:166
-#, c-format
-msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
-msgstr "Würde '%s' nicht löschen\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:168
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not removing %s\n"
-msgstr "Entferne nicht %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:36
+#: builtin/clone.c:37
 msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
 msgstr "git clone [Optionen] [--] <Projektarchiv> [<Verzeichnis>]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:64 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:212
-#: builtin/push.c:399
+#: builtin/clone.c:65 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/push.c:436
 msgid "force progress reporting"
 msgstr "erzwingt Fortschrittsanzeige"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:66
+#: builtin/clone.c:67
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr "kein Auschecken"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:67 builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/init-db.c:488
+#: builtin/clone.c:68 builtin/clone.c:70 builtin/init-db.c:488
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr "erstellt ein bloßes Projektarchiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:72
+#: builtin/clone.c:73
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
 msgstr "erstellt ein Spiegelarchiv (impliziert bloßes Projektarchiv)"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:74
+#: builtin/clone.c:75
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr "um von einem lokalen Projektarchiv zu klonen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:76
+#: builtin/clone.c:77
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
-msgstr "benutzt lokal keine harten Links, immer Kopien"
+msgstr "verwendet lokal keine harten Links, immer Kopien"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:78
+#: builtin/clone.c:79
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr "Einrichtung als verteiltes Projektarchiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr "initialisiert Unterprojekte im Klon"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr "Vorlagenverzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr "Verzeichnis, von welchem die Vorlagen verwendet werden"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:86
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr "referenziert Projektarchiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
 msgid "name"
 msgstr "Name"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88
+#: builtin/clone.c:89
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
-msgstr "benutzt <Name> statt 'origin' für externes Projektarchiv"
+msgstr "verwendet <Name> statt 'origin' für externes Projektarchiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:90
+#: builtin/clone.c:91
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 "checkt <Zweig> aus, anstatt Zweigspitze (HEAD) des externen Projektarchivs"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:92
+#: builtin/clone.c:93
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr "Pfad zu \"git-upload-pack\" auf der Gegenseite"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
+#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr "Tiefe"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94
+#: builtin/clone.c:95
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr "erstellt einen flachen Klon mit dieser Tiefe"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:96
+#: builtin/clone.c:97
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr "klont nur einen Zweig, Zweigspitze (HEAD) oder --branch"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:494
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr ".git-Verzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+#: builtin/clone.c:99 builtin/init-db.c:495
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr "separiert Git-Verzeichnis vom Arbeitsbaum"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr "Schlüssel=Wert"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100
+#: builtin/clone.c:101
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr "setzt Konfiguration innerhalb des neuen Projektarchivs"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#: builtin/clone.c:254
 #, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
-msgstr "Referenziertes Projektarchiv '%s' ist kein lokales Verzeichnis."
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "Referenziertes Projektarchiv '%s' ist kein lokales Projektarchiv."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#: builtin/clone.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen von Verzeichnis '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:319 builtin/diff.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#: builtin/clone.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr "%s existiert und ist kein Verzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#: builtin/clone.c:335
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr "Konnte %s nicht lesen\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#: builtin/clone.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Verknüpfung '%s' nicht erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#: builtin/clone.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Datei nicht nach '%s' kopieren"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#: builtin/clone.c:384
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "Fertig.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:443
+#: builtin/clone.c:397
+msgid ""
+"Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
+"You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
+"and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Klonen erfolgreich, Auschecken ist aber fehlgeschlagen.\n"
+"Sie können mit 'git status' prüfen, was ausgecheckt worden ist\n"
+"und das Auschecken mit 'git checkout -f HEAD' erneut versuchen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:476
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr "Konnte zu klonenden externer Zweig %s nicht finden."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:552
+#: builtin/clone.c:550
+msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
+msgstr "Fernarchiv hat nicht alle erforderlichen Objekte gesendet."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:610
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Externe Zweigspitze (HEAD) bezieht sich auf eine nicht existierende Referenz "
 "und kann nicht ausgecheckt werden.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:690
+#: builtin/clone.c:641
+msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
+msgstr "Arbeitsbaum konnte nicht ausgecheckt werden"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:749
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "Zu viele Argumente."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:694
+#: builtin/clone.c:753
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
-msgstr "Du musst ein Projektarchiv zum Klonen angeben."
+msgstr "Sie müssen ein Projektarchiv zum Klonen angeben."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:705
+#: builtin/clone.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
-msgstr "--bare und --origin %s Optionen sind inkompatibel."
+msgstr "Die Optionen --bare und --origin %s sind inkompatibel."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:767
+msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
+msgstr "Die Optionen --bare und --separate-git-dir sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:719
+#: builtin/clone.c:780
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "Projektarchiv '%s' existiert nicht."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:724
+#: builtin/clone.c:785
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
-msgstr "--depth wird in lokalen Klonen ignoriert; benutze stattdessen file://."
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --depth wird in lokalen Klonen ignoriert; benutzen Sie "
+"stattdessen file://"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:734
+#: builtin/clone.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr "Zielpfad '%s' existiert bereits und ist kein leeres Verzeichnis."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:744
+#: builtin/clone.c:805
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "Arbeitsbaum '%s' existiert bereits."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:757 builtin/clone.c:771
+#: builtin/clone.c:818 builtin/clone.c:830
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte führende Verzeichnisse von '%s' nicht erstellen."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:760
+#: builtin/clone.c:821
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
 msgstr "Konnte Arbeitsverzeichnis '%s' nicht erstellen."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:779
+#: builtin/clone.c:840
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "Klone in bloßes Projektarchiv '%s'...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:781
+#: builtin/clone.c:842
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "Klone nach '%s'...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:823
+#: builtin/clone.c:877
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
 msgstr "Weiß nicht wie %s zu klonen ist."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:926
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "externer Zweig %s nicht im anderen Projektarchiv %s gefunden"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:879
+#: builtin/clone.c:933
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
-msgstr "Du scheinst ein leeres Projektarchiv geklont zu haben."
+msgstr "Sie scheinen ein leeres Projektarchiv geklont zu haben."
 
 #: builtin/column.c:9
 msgid "git column [options]"
@@ -3293,15 +3742,15 @@ msgstr "Abstand zwischen Spalten"
 
 #: builtin/column.c:51
 msgid "--command must be the first argument"
-msgstr "Option --command muss zuerst angegeben werden"
+msgstr "Die Option --command muss an erster Stelle stehen."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:34
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git commit [Optionen] [--] <Dateimuster>..."
+msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [Optionen] [--] <Pfadspezifikation>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:39
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git status [Optionen] [--] <Dateimuster>..."
+msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [Optionen] [--] <Pfadspezifikation>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:44
 msgid ""
@@ -3316,15 +3765,15 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Dein Name und E-Mail Adresse wurden automatisch auf Basis\n"
-"deines Benutzer- und Rechnernamens konfiguriert. Bitte prüfe, dass diese\n"
-"zutreffend sind. Du kannst diese Meldung unterdrücken, indem du diese\n"
-"explizit setzt:\n"
+"Ihr Name und E-Mail Adresse wurden automatisch auf Basis\n"
+"Ihres Benutzer- und Rechnernamens konfiguriert. Bitte prüfen Sie, dass\n"
+"diese zutreffend sind. Sie können diese Meldung unterdrücken, indem Sie\n"
+"diese explizit setzen:\n"
 "\n"
-"    git config --global user.name \"Dein Name\"\n"
-"    git config --global user.email deine@emailadresse.de\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Ihr Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email ihre@emailadresse.de\n"
 "\n"
-"Nachdem du das getan hast, kannst du deine Identität für diese Version "
+"Nachdem Sie das getan hast, können Sie Ihre Identität für diese Version "
 "ändern mit:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
@@ -3335,8 +3784,8 @@ msgid ""
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
 "remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Du fragtest die jüngste Version nachzubessern, aber das würde diese leer\n"
-"machen. Du kannst Dein Kommando mit --allow-empty wiederholen, oder die\n"
+"Sie fragten die jüngste Version nachzubessern, aber das würde diese leer\n"
+"machen. Sie können Ihr Kommando mit --allow-empty wiederholen, oder die\n"
 "Version mit \"git reset HEAD^\" vollständig entfernen.\n"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:61
@@ -3350,103 +3799,103 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Der letzte \"cherry-pick\" ist jetzt leer, möglicherweise durch eine "
 "Konfliktauflösung.\n"
-"Wenn du dies trotzdem eintragen willst, benutze:\n"
+"Wenn Sie dies trotzdem eintragen wollen, benutzen Sie:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git commit --allow-empty\n"
 "\n"
-"Andernfalls benutze bitte 'git reset'\n"
+"Andernfalls benutzen Sie bitte 'git reset'\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:258
+#: builtin/commit.c:260
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Entpacken des Baum-Objektes der Zweigspitze (HEAD)."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:300
+#: builtin/commit.c:302
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr "Konnte temporäre Bereitstellung nicht erstellen."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:306
+#: builtin/commit.c:308
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "interaktives Hinzufügen fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:339 builtin/commit.c:360 builtin/commit.c:410
+#: builtin/commit.c:341 builtin/commit.c:362 builtin/commit.c:412
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "Konnte new_index Datei nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:391
+#: builtin/commit.c:393
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr ""
 "Kann keine partielle Eintragung durchführen, während eine Zusammenführung im "
 "Gange ist."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:393
+#: builtin/commit.c:395
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr ""
 "Kann keine partielle Eintragung durchführen, während \"cherry-pick\" im "
 "Gange ist."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:403
+#: builtin/commit.c:405
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr "Kann Bereitstellung nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:423
+#: builtin/commit.c:425
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr "Konnte temporäre Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:511 builtin/commit.c:517
+#: builtin/commit.c:513 builtin/commit.c:519
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid commit: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültige Version: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:540
+#: builtin/commit.c:542
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr "Fehlerhafter --author Parameter"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:560
+#: builtin/commit.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehlerhafte Identifikations-String: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:598 builtin/commit.c:631 builtin/commit.c:954
+#: builtin/commit.c:600 builtin/commit.c:633 builtin/commit.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Version %s nicht nachschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:610 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#: builtin/commit.c:612 builtin/shortlog.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr "(lese Log-Nachricht von Standard-Eingabe)\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:612
+#: builtin/commit.c:614
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr "Konnte Log nicht von Standard-Eingabe lesen."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:616
+#: builtin/commit.c:618
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Log-Datei '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:622
+#: builtin/commit.c:624
 msgid "commit has empty message"
 msgstr "Version hat eine leere Beschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:638
+#: builtin/commit.c:640
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
 msgstr "Konnte MERGE_MSG nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:642
+#: builtin/commit.c:644
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "Konnte SQUASH_MSG nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:646
+#: builtin/commit.c:648
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:707
+#: builtin/commit.c:709
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "Konnte Versionsvorlage nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:718
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -3456,12 +3905,12 @@ msgid ""
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Es sieht so aus, als trägst du eine Zusammenführung ein.\n"
-"Falls das nicht korrekt ist, lösche bitte die Datei\n"
+"Es sieht so aus, als tragen Sie eine Zusammenführung ein.\n"
+"Falls das nicht korrekt ist, löschen Sie bitte die Datei\n"
 "\t%s\n"
-"und versuche es erneut.\n"
+"und versuchen Sie es erneut.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:723
+#: builtin/commit.c:725
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -3471,171 +3920,180 @@ msgid ""
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Es sieht so aus, als trägst du ein \"cherry-pick\" ein.\n"
-"Falls das nicht korrekt ist, lösche bitte die Datei\n"
+"Es sieht so aus, als tragen Sie ein \"cherry-pick\" ein.\n"
+"Falls das nicht korrekt ist, löschen Sie bitte die Datei\n"
 "\t%s\n"
-"und versuche es erneut.\n"
+"und versuchen Sie es erneut.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:735
+#: builtin/commit.c:737
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+"with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Bitte gebe eine Versionsbeschreibung für deine Änderungen ein. Zeilen,\n"
-"die mit '#' beginnen, werden ignoriert, und eine leere Versionsbeschreibung\n"
+"Bitte geben Sie eine Versionsbeschreibung für Ihre Änderungen ein. Zeilen,\n"
+"die mit '%c' beginnen, werden ignoriert, und eine leere "
+"Versionsbeschreibung\n"
 "bricht die Eintragung ab.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:740
+#: builtin/commit.c:742
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
 "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Bitte gebe eine Versionsbeschreibung für deine Änderungen ein. Zeilen, die\n"
-"mit '#' beginnen, werden beibehalten; wenn du möchtest, kannst du diese "
+"Bitte geben Sie eine Versionsbeschreibung für Ihre Änderungen ein. Zeilen, "
+"die\n"
+"mit '%c' beginnen, werden beibehalten; wenn Sie möchten, können Sie diese "
 "entfernen.\n"
 "Eine leere Versionsbeschreibung bricht die Eintragung ab.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:753
+#: builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
 msgstr "%sAutor:    %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:760
+#: builtin/commit.c:762
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
 msgstr "%sEintragender: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:780
+#: builtin/commit.c:782
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr "Kann Bereitstellung nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:817
+#: builtin/commit.c:819
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erzeugen der Zweige"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832 builtin/tag.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:834 builtin/tag.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr "Bitte liefere eine Beschreibung entweder mit der Option -m oder -F.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:929
+#: builtin/commit.c:931
 #, c-format
 msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
 msgstr "Kein existierender Autor mit '%s' gefunden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:944 builtin/commit.c:1148
+#: builtin/commit.c:946 builtin/commit.c:1140
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Modus '%s' für unbeobachtete Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:984
+#: builtin/commit.c:976
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
-msgstr "Verwendung von --reset-author und --author macht keinen Sinn."
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen --reset-author und --author können nicht gemeinsam verwendet "
+"werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:995
+#: builtin/commit.c:987
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
-msgstr "Du hast nichts zum nachbessern."
+msgstr "Sie haben nichts zum nachbessern."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:998
+#: builtin/commit.c:990
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "Eine Zusammenführung ist im Gange -- kann nicht nachbessern."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1000
+#: builtin/commit.c:992
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "\"cherry-pick\" ist im Gange -- kann nicht nachbessern."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1003
+#: builtin/commit.c:995
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr ""
-"Die Optionen --squash und --fixup können nicht gemeinsam benutzt werden."
+"Die Optionen --squash und --fixup können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1013
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
-msgstr "Nur eines von -c/-C/-F/--fixup kann benutzt werden."
+msgstr "Es kann nur eine Option von -c/-C/-F/--fixup verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1015
+#: builtin/commit.c:1007
 msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
-msgstr "Option -m kann nicht mit -c/-C/-F/--fixup kombiniert werden"
+msgstr "Die Option -m kann nicht mit -c/-C/-F/--fixup kombiniert werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1023
+#: builtin/commit.c:1015
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
-msgstr "--reset--author kann nur mit -C, -c oder --amend benutzt werden"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --reset--author kann nur mit -C, -c oder --amend verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1040
+#: builtin/commit.c:1032
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
-"Nur eines von --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch kann benutzt "
-"werden."
+"Es kann nur eine Option von --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch "
+"verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1042
+#: builtin/commit.c:1034
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
-msgstr "--include/--only machen ohne Pfade keinen Sinn."
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen --include und --only können nur mit der Angabe von Pfaden "
+"verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1044
+#: builtin/commit.c:1036
 msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
 msgstr ""
 "Klug... die letzte Version mit einer unsauberen Bereitstellung nachbessern."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1046
+#: builtin/commit.c:1038
 msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
 msgstr ""
 "Explizite Pfade ohne -i oder -o angegeben; unter der Annahme von --only "
 "Pfaden..."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1056 builtin/tag.c:577
+#: builtin/commit.c:1048 builtin/tag.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger \"cleanup\" Modus %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1061
+#: builtin/commit.c:1053
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
-msgstr "Pfade mit -a machen keinen Sinn."
+msgstr "Die Option -a kann nur mit der Angabe von Pfaden verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1067 builtin/commit.c:1202
+#: builtin/commit.c:1059 builtin/commit.c:1194
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
-msgstr "--long und -z sind inkompatibel"
+msgstr "Die Optionen --long und -z sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1162 builtin/commit.c:1398
+#: builtin/commit.c:1154 builtin/commit.c:1390
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr "zeigt Status im Kurzformat"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1400
+#: builtin/commit.c:1156 builtin/commit.c:1392
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr "zeigt Zweiginformationen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/push.c:389
+#: builtin/commit.c:1158 builtin/commit.c:1394 builtin/push.c:426
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr "maschinenlesbare Ausgabe"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1169 builtin/commit.c:1404
+#: builtin/commit.c:1161 builtin/commit.c:1396
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr "zeigt Status im Langformat (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1172 builtin/commit.c:1407
+#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1399
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr "schließt Einträge mit NUL-Zeichen ab"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1174 builtin/commit.c:1410 builtin/fast-export.c:636
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:639 builtin/tag.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/fast-export.c:659
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:662 builtin/tag.c:459
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr "Modus"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1175 builtin/commit.c:1410
+#: builtin/commit.c:1167 builtin/commit.c:1402
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
 "zeigt nicht beobachtete Dateien, optionale Modi: all, normal, no. (Standard: "
 "all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1170
 msgid "show ignored files"
 msgstr "zeigt ignorierte Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1179 parse-options.h:151
+#: builtin/commit.c:1171 parse-options.h:151
 msgid "when"
 msgstr "wann"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1180
+#: builtin/commit.c:1172
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
@@ -3643,227 +4101,227 @@ msgstr ""
 "ignoriert Änderungen in Unterprojekten, optional wenn: all, dirty, "
 "untracked. (Standard: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1182
+#: builtin/commit.c:1174
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr "listet unbeobachtete Dateien in Spalten auf"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1256
+#: builtin/commit.c:1248
 msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
 msgstr "Konnte neu erstellte Version nicht nachschlagen."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1258
+#: builtin/commit.c:1250
 msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
 msgstr "Konnte neulich erstellte Version nicht analysieren."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1299
+#: builtin/commit.c:1291
 msgid "detached HEAD"
 msgstr "losgelöste Zweigspitze (HEAD)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1301
+#: builtin/commit.c:1293
 msgid " (root-commit)"
 msgstr " (Basis-Version)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1368
+#: builtin/commit.c:1360
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr "unterdrückt Zusammenfassung nach erfolgreicher Eintragung"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1369
+#: builtin/commit.c:1361
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr "zeigt Unterschiede in Versionsbeschreibungsvorlage an"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1371
+#: builtin/commit.c:1363
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr "Optionen für Versionsbeschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1372 builtin/tag.c:459
+#: builtin/commit.c:1364 builtin/tag.c:457
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr "liest Beschreibung von Datei"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365
 msgid "author"
 msgstr "Autor"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr "überschreibt Autor von Version"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1374 builtin/gc.c:178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1366 builtin/gc.c:178
 msgid "date"
 msgstr "Datum"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1374
+#: builtin/commit.c:1366
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr "überschreibt Datum von Version"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1375 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/notes.c:537
-#: builtin/notes.c:694 builtin/tag.c:457
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367 builtin/merge.c:208 builtin/notes.c:533
+#: builtin/notes.c:690 builtin/tag.c:455
 msgid "message"
 msgstr "Beschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1375
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr "Versionsbeschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1376
+#: builtin/commit.c:1368
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr "verwendet wieder und editiert Beschreibung von der angegebenen Version"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1377
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr "verwendet Beschreibung der angegebenen Version wieder"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1378
+#: builtin/commit.c:1370
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
-"benutzt eine automatisch zusammengesetzte Beschreibung zum Nachbessern der "
+"verwendet eine automatisch zusammengesetzte Beschreibung zum Nachbessern der "
 "angegebenen Version"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1379
+#: builtin/commit.c:1371
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
-"benutzt eine automatisch zusammengesetzte Beschreibung zum Zusammenführen "
+"verwendet eine automatisch zusammengesetzte Beschreibung zum Zusammenführen "
 "der angegebenen Version"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1380
+#: builtin/commit.c:1372
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
-msgstr "Setze mich als Autor der Version (benutzt mit -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr "Setzt Sie als Autor der Version (verwendet mit -C/-c/--amend)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1381 builtin/log.c:1073 builtin/revert.c:109
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373 builtin/log.c:1113 builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr "fügt 'Signed-off-by:'-Zeile hinzu"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1382
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374
 msgid "use specified template file"
-msgstr "benutzt angegebene Vorlagendatei"
+msgstr "verwendet angegebene Vorlagendatei"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1383
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr "erzwingt Bearbeitung der Version"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1384
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376
 msgid "default"
 msgstr "Standard"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1384 builtin/tag.c:462
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr ""
 "wie Leerzeichen und #Kommentare von der Beschreibung getrennt werden sollen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1385
+#: builtin/commit.c:1377
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr "fügt Status in die Versionsbeschreibungsvorlage ein"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1386 builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/tag.c:463
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/merge.c:215 builtin/tag.c:461
 msgid "key id"
 msgstr "Schlüssel-ID"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1387 builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/merge.c:216
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr "signiert Version mit GPG"
 
 #. end commit message options
-#: builtin/commit.c:1390
+#: builtin/commit.c:1382
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr "Optionen für Versionsinhalt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1391
+#: builtin/commit.c:1383
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr "trägt alle geänderten Dateien ein"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr "trägt die angegebenen Dateien zusätzlich zur Bereitstellung ein"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1393
+#: builtin/commit.c:1385
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr "interaktives Hinzufügen von Dateien"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1394
+#: builtin/commit.c:1386
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr "interaktives Hinzufügen von Änderungen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1395
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr "trägt nur die angegebenen Dateien ein"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1396
+#: builtin/commit.c:1388
 msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
 msgstr "umgeht \"pre-commit hook\""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1397
+#: builtin/commit.c:1389
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr "zeigt an, was eingetragen werden würde"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1408
+#: builtin/commit.c:1400
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr "ändert vorherige Version"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1409
+#: builtin/commit.c:1401
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr "umgeht \"post-rewrite hook\""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1414
+#: builtin/commit.c:1406
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr "erlaubt Aufzeichnung einer leeren Änderung"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1417
+#: builtin/commit.c:1409
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr "erlaubt Aufzeichnung einer Änderung mit einer leeren Beschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1449
+#: builtin/commit.c:1441
 msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
 msgstr "Konnte Version der Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht analysieren."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1487 builtin/merge.c:508
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479 builtin/merge.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Lesen öffnen."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/commit.c:1486
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr "Beschädigte MERGE_HEAD-Datei (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1501
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "Konnte MERGE_MODE nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1520
+#: builtin/commit.c:1512
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr "Konnte Versionsbeschreibung nicht lesen: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1534
+#: builtin/commit.c:1526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
-msgstr "Eintragung abgebrochen; du hast die Beschreibung nicht editiert.\n"
+msgstr "Eintragung abgebrochen; Sie haben die Beschreibung nicht editiert.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+#: builtin/commit.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
 msgstr "Eintragung aufgrund leerer Versionsbeschreibung abgebrochen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1554 builtin/merge.c:832 builtin/merge.c:857
+#: builtin/commit.c:1546 builtin/merge.c:847 builtin/merge.c:872
 msgid "failed to write commit object"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben des Versionsobjektes."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1575
+#: builtin/commit.c:1567
 msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
 msgstr "Kann Referenz der Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht sperren."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1571
 msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
 msgstr "Kann Referenz der Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht aktualisieren."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1582
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
 "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
 msgstr ""
 "Das Projektarchiv wurde aktualisiert, aber die \"new_index\"-Datei\n"
-"konnte nicht geschrieben werden. Prüfe, dass deine Festplatte nicht\n"
-"voll und Dein Kontingent nicht aufgebraucht ist und führe\n"
+"konnte nicht geschrieben werden. Prüfen Sie, dass Ihre Festplatte nicht\n"
+"voll und Ihr Kontingent nicht aufgebraucht ist und führen Sie\n"
 "anschließend \"git reset HEAD\" zu Wiederherstellung aus."
 
 #: builtin/config.c:7
@@ -3876,19 +4334,19 @@ msgstr "Ort der Konfigurationsdatei"
 
 #: builtin/config.c:52
 msgid "use global config file"
-msgstr "benutzt globale Konfigurationsdatei"
+msgstr "verwendet globale Konfigurationsdatei"
 
 #: builtin/config.c:53
 msgid "use system config file"
-msgstr "benutzt systemweite Konfigurationsdatei"
+msgstr "verwendet systemweite Konfigurationsdatei"
 
 #: builtin/config.c:54
 msgid "use repository config file"
-msgstr "benutzt Konfigurationsdatei des Projektarchivs"
+msgstr "verwendet Konfigurationsdatei des Projektarchivs"
 
 #: builtin/config.c:55
 msgid "use given config file"
-msgstr "benutzt die angegebene Konfigurationsdatei"
+msgstr "verwendet die angegebene Konfigurationsdatei"
 
 #: builtin/config.c:56
 msgid "Action"
@@ -3982,9 +4440,13 @@ msgstr "schließt Werte mit NUL-Byte ab"
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr "beachtet \"include\"-Direktiven beim Nachschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:69
-msgid "git count-objects [-v]"
-msgstr "git count-objects [-v]"
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:82
+msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:97
+msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
+msgstr "gibt Größenangaben in menschenlesbaren Format aus"
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:15
 msgid "git describe [options] <committish>*"
@@ -3994,70 +4456,70 @@ msgstr "git describe [Optionen] <committish>*"
 msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
 msgstr "git describe [Optionen] --dirty"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#: builtin/describe.c:233
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr "annotierte Markierung %s ist nicht verfügbar"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:237
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr "annotierte Markierung %s hat keinen eingebetteten Namen"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#: builtin/describe.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr "Markierung '%s' ist eigentlich '%s' hier"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#: builtin/describe.c:266
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
 msgstr "%s ist kein gültiger Objekt-Name"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:269
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
 msgstr "%s ist kein gültiges '%s' Objekt"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#: builtin/describe.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr "kein Markierung entspricht exakt '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#: builtin/describe.c:288
 #, c-format
 msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
 msgstr "suche zur Beschreibung von %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#: builtin/describe.c:328
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "beendete Suche bei %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#: builtin/describe.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
 msgstr ""
 "Keine annotierten Markierungen können '%s' beschreiben.\n"
-"Jedoch gab es nicht annotierte Markierungen: versuche --tags."
+"Jedoch gab es nicht annotierte Markierungen: versuchen Sie --tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#: builtin/describe.c:356
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "Try --always, or create some tags."
 msgstr ""
 "Keine Markierungen können '%s' beschreiben.\n"
-"Versuche --always oder erstelle einige Markierungen."
+"Versuchen Sie --always oder erstellen Sie einige Markierungen."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#: builtin/describe.c:377
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "%lu Versionen durchlaufen\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#: builtin/describe.c:380
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
@@ -4066,62 +4528,62 @@ msgstr ""
 "mehr als %i Markierungen gefunden; Führe die ersten %i auf\n"
 "Suche bei %s aufgegeben\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:403
+#: builtin/describe.c:402
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr "findet die Markierung, die nach der Version kommt"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:403
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr "protokolliert die Suchstrategie in der Standard-Fehlerausgabe"
 
+#: builtin/describe.c:404
+msgid "use any ref"
+msgstr "verwendet alle Referenzen"
+
 #: builtin/describe.c:405
-msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
-msgstr "benutzt jede Referenz in .git/refs"
+msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
+msgstr "verwendet jede Markierung, auch nicht-annotierte"
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:406
-msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
-msgstr "benutzt alle Markierungen in .git/refs/tags"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:407
 msgid "always use long format"
-msgstr "benutzt immer langes Format"
+msgstr "verwendet immer langes Format"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410
+#: builtin/describe.c:409
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr "gibt nur exakte Ãœbereinstimmungen aus"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:411
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr "betrachtet die jüngsten <n> Markierungen (Standard: 10)"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:414
+#: builtin/describe.c:413
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "betrachtet nur Markierungen die <Muster> entsprechen"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:416 builtin/name-rev.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:415 builtin/name-rev.c:238
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr "zeigt gekürztes Versionsobjekt, wenn sonst nichts zutrifft"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:417
+#: builtin/describe.c:416
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr "Kennzeichen"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:418
+#: builtin/describe.c:417
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr ""
 "fügt <Kennzeichen> bei geändertem Arbeitsbaum hinzu (Standard: \"-dirty\")"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:436
+#: builtin/describe.c:435
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
-msgstr "--long ist inkompatibel mit --abbrev=0"
+msgstr "Die Optionen --long und --abbrev=0 sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:462
+#: builtin/describe.c:461
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr "Keine Namen gefunden, kann nichts beschreiben."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:482
+#: builtin/describe.c:481
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
-msgstr "--dirty ist inkompatibel mit Versionen"
+msgstr "Die Option --dirty kann nicht mit Versionen verwendet werden."
 
 #: builtin/diff.c:79
 #, c-format
@@ -4161,40 +4623,40 @@ msgstr "unbehandeltes Objekt '%s' angegeben"
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:635
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:658
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr "zeigt Fortschritt nach <n> Objekten an"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:637
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:660
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
 msgstr "wählt Behandlung von signierten Markierungen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:640
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:663
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr "wählt Behandlung von Markierungen, die gefilterte Objekte markieren"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:643
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:666
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr "Schreibt Kennzeichen in diese Datei"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:645
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:668
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr "Importiert Kennzeichen von dieser Datei"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:647
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:670
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr ""
 "erzeugt künstlich einen Markierungsersteller, wenn die Markierung keinen hat"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:649
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:672
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr "gibt für jede Version den gesamten Baum aus"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:651
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:674
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr "Benutzt die \"done\"-Funktion um den Strom abzuschließen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:652
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:675
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
 msgstr "Ãœberspringt Ausgabe von Blob-Daten"
 
@@ -4267,206 +4729,221 @@ msgstr "erlaubt Aktualisierung der \"HEAD\"-Referenz"
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr "vertieft die Historie eines flachen Klon"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:85 builtin/log.c:1088
+#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+msgstr "konvertiert zu einem vollständigen Projektarchiv"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:88 builtin/log.c:1130
 msgid "dir"
 msgstr "Verzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+#: builtin/fetch.c:89
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr "stellt dies an die Ausgabe der Unterprojekt-Pfade voran"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:89
+#: builtin/fetch.c:92
 msgid "default mode for recursion"
 msgstr "Standard-Modus für Rekursion"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:201
+#: builtin/fetch.c:204
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "Konnte externe Referenz der Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht finden."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:254
+#: builtin/fetch.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "Objekt %s nicht gefunden"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+#: builtin/fetch.c:262
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[aktuell]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:273
+#: builtin/fetch.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
 msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (kann nicht im aktuellen Zweig anfordern)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:274 builtin/fetch.c:360
+#: builtin/fetch.c:277 builtin/fetch.c:363
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[zurückgewiesen]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+#: builtin/fetch.c:288
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr "[Markierungsaktualisierung]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:287 builtin/fetch.c:322 builtin/fetch.c:340
+#: builtin/fetch.c:290 builtin/fetch.c:325 builtin/fetch.c:343
 msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
 msgstr "  (kann lokale Referenz nicht aktualisieren)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr "[neue Markierung]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[neuer Zweig]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+#: builtin/fetch.c:314
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[neue Referenz]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+#: builtin/fetch.c:359
 msgid "unable to update local ref"
 msgstr "kann lokale Referenz nicht aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+#: builtin/fetch.c:359
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "Aktualisierung erzwungen"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:362
+#: builtin/fetch.c:365
 msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
 msgstr "(kein Vorspulen)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:393 builtin/fetch.c:685
+#: builtin/fetch.c:396 builtin/fetch.c:688
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
 msgstr "kann %s nicht öffnen: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#: builtin/fetch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "%s hat nicht alle erforderlichen Objekte gesendet\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#: builtin/fetch.c:491
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "Von %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#: builtin/fetch.c:502
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
 " 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
 msgstr ""
-"Einige lokale Referenzen konnten nicht aktualisiert werden; versuche\n"
+"Einige lokale Referenzen konnten nicht aktualisiert werden; versuchen Sie\n"
 "'git remote prune %s' um jeden älteren, widersprüchlichen Zweig zu löschen."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#: builtin/fetch.c:552
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s wird unreferenziert)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#: builtin/fetch.c:553
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s wurde unreferenziert)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[gelöscht]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:558 builtin/remote.c:1055
+#: builtin/fetch.c:561 builtin/remote.c:1055
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "(nichts)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#: builtin/fetch.c:678
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
 msgstr ""
 "Das Anfordern in den aktuellen Zweig %s von einem nicht-bloßen Projektarchiv "
 "wurde verweigert."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:709
+#: builtin/fetch.c:712
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
 msgstr "Weiß nicht wie von %s angefordert wird."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "Option \"%s\" Wert \"%s\" ist nicht gültig für %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#: builtin/fetch.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr "Option \"%s\" wird ignoriert für %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:891
+#: builtin/fetch.c:894
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr "Fordere an von %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:893 builtin/remote.c:100
+#: builtin/fetch.c:896 builtin/remote.c:100
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "Konnte nicht von %s anfordern"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:912
+#: builtin/fetch.c:915
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
 msgstr ""
-"Kein externes Projektarchiv angegeben. Bitte gebe entweder eine URL\n"
+"Kein externes Projektarchiv angegeben. Bitte geben Sie entweder eine URL\n"
 "oder den Namen des externen Archivs an, von welchem neue\n"
-"Versionen angefordert werden sollen."
+"Revisionen angefordert werden sollen."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:932
+#: builtin/fetch.c:935
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
-msgstr "Du musst den Namen der Markierung angeben."
+msgstr "Sie müssen den Namen der Markierung angeben."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:984
+#: builtin/fetch.c:981
+msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen --depth und --unshallow können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:983
+msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --unshallow kann nicht in einem vollständigen Projektarchiv "
+"verwendet werden."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr "fetch --all akzeptiert kein Projektarchiv als Argument"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:986
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1004
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
-msgstr "fetch --all macht keinen Sinn mit Referenzspezifikationen"
+msgstr "fetch --all kann nicht mit Referenzspezifikationen verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:997
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "Kein externes Archiv (einzeln oder Gruppe): %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1005
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1023
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
-"Abholen einer Gruppe mit Angabe von Referenzspezifikationen macht keinen "
-"Sinn."
+"Das Abholen einer Gruppe von externen Archiven kann nicht mit der Angabe\n"
+"von Referenzspezifikationen verwendet werden."
 
 #: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
 msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <Beschreibung>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <Datei>]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:653 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:656 builtin/grep.c:701
-#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:656 builtin/show-ref.c:175
-#: builtin/tag.c:448 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666 builtin/grep.c:701
+#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:655 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/tag.c:446 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:239
 msgid "n"
 msgstr "Anzahl"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:654
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:664
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr "fügt Historie mit höchstens <n> Einträgen von \"shortlog\" hinzu"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:657
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:667
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr "Alias für --log (veraltet)"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:660
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
 msgid "text"
 msgstr "Text"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:661
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
-msgstr "benutzt <Text> als Beschreibungsanfang"
+msgstr "verwendet <Text> als Beschreibungsanfang"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr "Datei zum Einlesen"
 
@@ -4587,19 +5064,19 @@ msgid ""
 "run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Datenbank des Projektarchivs wird für eine optimale Performance\n"
-"komprimiert. Du kannst auch \"git gc\" manuell ausführen.\n"
+"komprimiert. Sie können auch \"git gc\" manuell ausführen.\n"
 "Siehe \"git help gc\" für weitere Informationen.\n"
 
 #: builtin/gc.c:249
 msgid ""
 "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr ""
-"Es gibt zu viele unerreichbare lose Objekte; führe 'git prune' aus, um diese "
-"zu löschen."
+"Es gibt zu viele unerreichbare lose Objekte; führen Sie 'git prune' aus, um "
+"diese zu löschen."
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:22
 msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
-msgstr "git grep [Optionen] [-e] <Muster> [<Version>...] [[--] <Pfad>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [Optionen] [-e] <Muster> [<Revision>...] [[--] <Pfad>...]"
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:217
 #, c-format
@@ -4673,11 +5150,11 @@ msgstr "durchläuft höchstens <Tiefe> Ebenen"
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:667
 msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
-msgstr "benutzt erweiterte reguläre Ausdrücke aus POSIX"
+msgstr "verwendet erweiterte reguläre Ausdrücke aus POSIX"
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:670
 msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
-msgstr "benutzt grundlegende reguläre Ausdrücke aus POSIX (Standard)"
+msgstr "verwendet grundlegende reguläre Ausdrücke aus POSIX (Standard)"
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:673
 msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
@@ -4685,7 +5162,7 @@ msgstr "interpretiert Muster als feste Zeichenketten"
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:676
 msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
-msgstr "benutzt Perl-kompatible reguläre Ausdrücke"
+msgstr "verwendet Perl-kompatible reguläre Ausdrücke"
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:679
 msgid "show line numbers"
@@ -4806,31 +5283,33 @@ msgstr "zeigt Verwendung"
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "keine Muster angegeben"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:825
-#, c-format
-msgid "bad object %s"
-msgstr "ungültiges Objekt %s"
-
 #: builtin/grep.c:866
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
-msgstr "--open-files-in-pager arbeitet nur innerhalb des Arbeitsbaums"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --open-files-in-pager kann nur innerhalb des Arbeitsbaums "
+"verwendet werden."
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:889
 msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
-msgstr "--cached oder --untracked kann nicht mit --no-index benutzt werden"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen --cached und --untracked können nicht mit --no-index verwendet "
+"werden."
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
-msgstr "--no-index oder --untracked kann nicht mit Versionen benutzt werden"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen --no-index und --untracked können nicht mit Versionen verwendet "
+"werden."
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:897
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr ""
-"--[no-]exlude-standard kann nicht mit beobachteten Inhalten benutzt werden"
+"Die Option --[no-]exclude-standard kann nicht mit beobachteten Inhalten "
+"verwendet werden."
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:905
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
-msgstr "sowohl --cached als auch Zweige gegeben"
+msgstr "Die Option --cached kann nicht mit Zweigen verwendet werden."
 
 #: builtin/hash-object.c:60
 msgid ""
@@ -4873,366 +5352,398 @@ msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr "Anzeige aller vorhandenen Kommandos"
 
 #: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "print list of useful guides"
+msgstr "zeigt Liste von allgemein verwendeten Anleitungen"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr "zeigt Handbuch"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:45
+#: builtin/help.c:46
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr "zeigt Handbuch in einem Webbrowser"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:47
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr "zeigt Info-Seite"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:53
-msgid "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [Kommando]"
+#: builtin/help.c:54
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [Kommando]"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:65
+#: builtin/help.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr "nicht erkanntes Hilfeformat: %s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:93
+#: builtin/help.c:94
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr "Konnte emacsclient nicht starten."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:106
+#: builtin/help.c:107
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr "Konnte Version des emacsclient nicht parsen."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:114
+#: builtin/help.c:115
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr "Version des emacsclient '%d' ist zu alt (< 22)."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:160 builtin/help.c:169 builtin/help.c:177
+#: builtin/help.c:133 builtin/help.c:161 builtin/help.c:170 builtin/help.c:178
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von '%s': %s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:217
+#: builtin/help.c:218
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "'%s': Pfad für nicht unterstützten Handbuchbetrachter.\n"
-"Du könntest stattdessen 'man.<Werkzeug>.cmd' benutzen."
+"Sie könnten stattdessen 'man.<Werkzeug>.cmd' benutzen."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:229
+#: builtin/help.c:230
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "'%s': Kommando für unterstützten Handbuchbetrachter.\n"
-"Du könntest stattdessen 'man.<Werkzeug>.path' benutzen."
+"Sie könnten stattdessen 'man.<Werkzeug>.path' benutzen."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:299
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "Die allgemein verwendeten Git-Kommandos sind:"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:367
+#: builtin/help.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr "'%s': unbekannter Handbuch-Betrachter."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:384
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "kein Handbuch-Betrachter konnte mit dieser Anfrage umgehen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:392
+#: builtin/help.c:376
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "kein Informations-Betrachter konnte mit dieser Anfrage umgehen"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:447 builtin/help.c:454
+#: builtin/help.c:422
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "Definition von Attributen pro Pfad"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:423
+msgid "A Git glossary"
+msgstr "Ein Git-Glossar"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:424
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "Spezifikation von bewusst ignorierten, unbeobachteten Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:425
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "Definition von Unterprojekt-Eigenschaften"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:426
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "Spezifikation von Revisionen und Bereichen für Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:427
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
+msgstr "Eine einführende Anleitung zu Git (für Version 1.5.1 oder neuer)"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:428
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Eine Übersicht über empfohlene Arbeitsabläufe mit Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:440
+msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
+msgstr "Die allgemein verwendeten Git-Anleitungen sind:\n"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:462 builtin/help.c:478
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr "Verwendung: %s%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:470
+#: builtin/help.c:494
 #, c-format
 msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
 msgstr "für `git %s' wurde der Alias `%s' angelegt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:170
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:182
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "Objekt-Typen passen bei %s nicht zusammen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:190
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:202
 msgid "object of unexpected type"
 msgstr "Objekt hat unerwarteten Typ"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "kann %d Byte nicht lesen"
 msgstr[1] "kann %d Bytes nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:249
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "zu frühes Dateiende"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:238
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen der Eingabe"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:262
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr "verwendete mehr Bytes als verfügbar waren"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:257
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:269
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "Paket ist zu groß für die aktuelle Definition von off_t"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:285
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte '%s' nicht erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:278
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:290
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann Paketdatei '%s' nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:304
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr "Paketsignatur stimmt nicht überein"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr "Paketversion %<PRIu32> nicht unterstützt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:312
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:324
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
 msgstr "Paket hat ein ungültiges Objekt bei Versatz %lu: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:434
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:446
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "Dekomprimierung gab %d zurück"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:483
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:495
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr "Wert für Versatz bei Differenzobjekt übergelaufen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:491
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:503
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr ""
 "Wert für Versatz bei Differenzobjekt liegt außerhalb des gültigen Bereichs"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:499
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:511
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "Unbekannter Objekt-Typ %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:542
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "Kann Paketdatei %s nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:532
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:544
 #, c-format
 msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
 msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
 msgstr[0] "frühzeitiges Ende der Paketdatei, vermisse %lu Byte"
 msgstr[1] "frühzeitiges Ende der Paketdatei, vermisse %lu Bytes"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:558
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:570
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "ernsthafte Inkonsistenz nach Dekomprimierung"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:649 builtin/index-pack.c:655 builtin/index-pack.c:678
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:712 builtin/index-pack.c:721
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:661 builtin/index-pack.c:667 builtin/index-pack.c:690
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:724 builtin/index-pack.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr "SHA1 KOLLISION MIT %s GEFUNDEN !"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:652 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:664 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "kann %s nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:718
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "Kann existierendes Objekt %s nicht lesen."
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:732
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:744
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
 msgstr "ungültiges Blob-Objekt %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:747
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:759
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger Objekt-Typ %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:761
 msgid "Error in object"
 msgstr "Fehler in Objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:751
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:763
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "Nicht alle Kind-Objekte von %s sind erreichbar"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:821 builtin/index-pack.c:847
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:833 builtin/index-pack.c:863
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr "Konnte Dateiunterschied nicht anwenden"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1004
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr "Empfange Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1004
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr "Indiziere Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1012
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1030
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr "Paket ist beschädigt (SHA1 unterschiedlich)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1017
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1035
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr "kann Paketdatei nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1020
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1038
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "Paketende enthält nicht verwendbaren Inhalt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1031
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1049
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von \"parse_pack_objects()\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1054
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1072
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr "Löse Unterschiede auf"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1064
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1082
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "kann Thread nicht erzeugen: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1106
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1124
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Auflösen der Unterschiede"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1112
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1132
 #, c-format
 msgid "completed with %d local objects"
 msgstr "vervollständigt mit %d lokalen Objekten"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1121
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr "Unerwartete Prüfsumme für %s (Festplattenfehler?)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1125
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1146
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] "Paket hat %d unaufgelöste Unterschied"
 msgstr[1] "Paket hat %d unaufgelöste Unterschiede"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1171
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr "Konnte angehängtes Objekt (%d) nicht komprimieren"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1229
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1250
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr "lokales Objekt %s ist beschädigt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1253
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
 msgid "error while closing pack file"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Schließen der Paketdatei"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1266
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann Paketbeschreibungsdatei '%s' nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann eben erstellte Paketbeschreibungsdatei '%s' nicht schließen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1308
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "Kann Paketdatei nicht speichern"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1298
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1319
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "Kann Indexdatei nicht speichern"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1331
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1352
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr "\"pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>\" ist ungültig"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1337
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1358
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
 msgstr "ungültige Anzahl von Threads angegeben (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1341 builtin/index-pack.c:1514
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1362 builtin/index-pack.c:1535
 #, c-format
 msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
 msgstr "keine Unterstützung von Threads, '%s' wird ignoriert"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1399
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1420
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann existierende Paketdatei '%s' nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann existierende Indexdatei für Paket '%s' nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1448
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] "kein Unterschied: %d Objekt"
 msgstr[1] "kein Unterschied: %d Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1455
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1476
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "Länge der Objekt-Liste = %d: %lu Objekt"
 msgstr[1] "Länge der Objekt-Liste = %d: %lu Objekte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1482
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1503
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr "Kann nicht zurück zu Arbeitsverzeichnis wechseln"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1526 builtin/index-pack.c:1529
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1541 builtin/index-pack.c:1545
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1547 builtin/index-pack.c:1550
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1562 builtin/index-pack.c:1566
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr "%s ist ungültig"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1559
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1580
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
-msgstr "--fix-thin kann nicht ohne --stdin benutzt werden"
+msgstr "Die Option --fix-thin kann nicht ohne --stdin verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1563 builtin/index-pack.c:1573
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1584 builtin/index-pack.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
 msgstr "Name der Paketdatei '%s' endet nicht mit '.pack'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1582
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1603
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
-msgstr "--verify ohne Name der Paketdatei angegeben"
+msgstr "Die Option --verify wurde ohne Namen der Paketdatei angegeben."
 
 #: builtin/init-db.c:35
 #, c-format
@@ -5399,344 +5910,348 @@ msgstr "Kann nicht auf aktuelles Arbeitsverzeichnis zugreifen."
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr "Kann nicht auf Arbeitsbaum '%s' zugreifen."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:37
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
-msgstr "git log [<Optionen>] [<seit>..<bis>] [[--] <Pfad>...]\n"
+#: builtin/log.c:40
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+msgstr "git log [<Optionen>] [Revisionsbereich>] [[--] <Pfad>...]\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:38
+#: builtin/log.c:41
 msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
 msgstr "   oder: git show [Optionen] <Objekt>..."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:100
+#: builtin/log.c:103
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr "unterdrückt Ausgabe der Unterschiede"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:101
+#: builtin/log.c:104
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr "zeigt Quelle"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:102
+#: builtin/log.c:105
+msgid "Use mail map file"
+msgstr "verwendet \"mailmap\"-Datei"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:106
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr "decorate-Optionen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:189
+#: builtin/log.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "letzte Ausgabe: %d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:405 builtin/log.c:497
+#: builtin/log.c:422 builtin/log.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "Kann Objekt %s nicht lesen."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:521
+#: builtin/log.c:538
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "Unbekannter Typ: %d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:613
+#: builtin/log.c:638
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "format.headers ohne Wert"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:687
+#: builtin/log.c:720
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "Name des Ausgabeverzeichnisses ist zu lang."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:698
+#: builtin/log.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "Kann Patch-Datei %s nicht öffnen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:712
+#: builtin/log.c:750
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "Brauche genau einen Versionsbereich."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:720
+#: builtin/log.c:758
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "Kein Versionsbereich."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:794
+#: builtin/log.c:860
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr "Anschreiben benötigt E-Mail-Format"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:867
+#: builtin/log.c:936
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "ungültiges in-reply-to: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:895
+#: builtin/log.c:964
 msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
-msgstr "git format-patch [Optionen] [<seit> | <Versionsbereich>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [Optionen] [<seit> | <Revisionsbereich>]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:940
+#: builtin/log.c:1009
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "Zwei Ausgabeverzeichnisse?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1068
+#: builtin/log.c:1108
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
-msgstr "benutzt [PATCH n/m] auch mit einzelnem Patch"
+msgstr "verwendet [PATCH n/m] auch mit einzelnem Patch"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1111
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
-msgstr "benutzt [PATCH] auch mit mehreren Patches"
+msgstr "verwendet [PATCH] auch mit mehreren Patches"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1075
+#: builtin/log.c:1115
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr "Ausgabe der Patches in Standard-Ausgabe"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1077
+#: builtin/log.c:1117
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr "erzeugt ein Deckblatt"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1079
+#: builtin/log.c:1119
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
-msgstr "benutzt einfache Nummernfolge für die Namen der Ausgabedateien"
+msgstr "verwendet einfache Nummernfolge für die Namen der Ausgabedateien"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1080
+#: builtin/log.c:1120
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr "Dateiendung"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1081
+#: builtin/log.c:1121
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr "verwendet <Dateiendung> anstatt '.patch'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1083
+#: builtin/log.c:1123
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr "beginnt die Nummerierung der Patches bei <n> anstatt bei 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1085
+#: builtin/log.c:1125
+msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
+msgstr "kennzeichnet die Serie als n-te Fassung"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1127
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
-msgstr "benutzt [<Prefix>] anstatt [PATCH]"
+msgstr "verwendet [<Prefix>] anstatt [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1088
+#: builtin/log.c:1130
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr "speichert erzeugte Dateien in <Verzeichnis>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1091
+#: builtin/log.c:1133
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr "[PATCH] wird nicht entfernt/hinzugefügt"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1094
+#: builtin/log.c:1136
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr "gibt keine binären Unterschiede aus"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1096
+#: builtin/log.c:1138
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr ""
 "schließt keine Patches ein, die einer Version im Übernahmezweig entsprechen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1098
+#: builtin/log.c:1140
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr "zeigt Patchformat anstatt des Standards (Patch + Zusammenfassung)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1100
+#: builtin/log.c:1142
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr "Email-Einstellungen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1101
+#: builtin/log.c:1143
 msgid "header"
 msgstr "Header"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1102
+#: builtin/log.c:1144
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr "fügt Email-Header hinzu"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1103 builtin/log.c:1105
+#: builtin/log.c:1145 builtin/log.c:1147
 msgid "email"
 msgstr "Email"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1103
+#: builtin/log.c:1145
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr "fügt  \"To:\"-Header hinzu"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1105
+#: builtin/log.c:1147
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr "fügt \"Cc:\"-Header hinzu"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1107
+#: builtin/log.c:1149
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr "message-id"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1108
+#: builtin/log.c:1150
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
 msgstr "macht aus erster Email eine Antwort zu <message-id>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1109 builtin/log.c:1112
+#: builtin/log.c:1151 builtin/log.c:1154
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr "Grenze"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1110
+#: builtin/log.c:1152
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr "hängt einen Patch an"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1113
+#: builtin/log.c:1155
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr "fügt den Patch direkt in die Nachricht ein"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1117
+#: builtin/log.c:1159
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr "aktiviert Nachrichtenverkettung, Stile: shallow, deep"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1119
+#: builtin/log.c:1161
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr "Signatur"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1120
+#: builtin/log.c:1162
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr "fügt eine Signatur hinzu"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1122
+#: builtin/log.c:1164
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr "zeigt keine Dateinamen der Patches"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1163
-#, c-format
-msgid "bogus committer info %s"
-msgstr "unechte Einreicher-Informationen %s"
-
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1248
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
-msgstr "-n und -k schließen sich gegenseitig aus"
+msgstr "Die Optionen -n und -k schließen sich gegenseitig aus."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1210
+#: builtin/log.c:1250
 msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
-msgstr "--subject-prefix und -k schließen sich gegenseitig aus"
+msgstr "Die Optionen --subject-prefix und -k schließen sich gegenseitig aus."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1258
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
-msgstr "--name-only macht keinen Sinn"
+msgstr "Die Option --name-only kann nicht verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1260
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
-msgstr "--name-status macht keinen Sinn"
+msgstr "Die Option --name-status kann nicht verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1262
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
-msgstr "--check macht keinen Sinn"
+msgstr "Die Option --check kann nicht verwendet werden."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1285
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "Standard-Ausgabe oder Verzeichnis, welches von beidem?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1247
+#: builtin/log.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnis '%s' nicht erstellen."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1400
+#: builtin/log.c:1435
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen der Ausgabedateien."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1449
+#: builtin/log.c:1484
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<Ãœbernahmezweig> [<Arbeitszweig> [<Limit>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1504
+#: builtin/log.c:1539
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Konnte gefolgten, externen Zweig nicht finden, bitte gebe <upstream> manuell "
-"an.\n"
+"Konnte gefolgten, externen Zweig nicht finden, bitte geben Sie <upstream> "
+"manuell an.\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1517 builtin/log.c:1519 builtin/log.c:1531
+#: builtin/log.c:1552 builtin/log.c:1554 builtin/log.c:1566
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown commit %s"
 msgstr "Unbekannte Version %s"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:408
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:402
 msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-files [Optionen] [<Datei>...]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:459
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr "zeigt den Dateistatus mit Markierungen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:461
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
-msgstr "benutzt Kleinbuchstaben für Dateien mit 'assume unchanged' Markierung"
+msgstr ""
+"verwendet Kleinbuchstaben für Dateien mit 'assume unchanged' Markierung"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr "zeigt zwischengespeicherten Dateien in der Ausgabe an (Standard)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr "zeigt entfernte Dateien in der Ausgabe an"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr "zeigt geänderte Dateien in der Ausgabe an"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr "zeigt sonstige Dateien in der Ausgabe an"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr "zeigt ignorierte Dateien in der Ausgabe an"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:474
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr "zeigt Objektnamen von Inhalten in der Bereitstellung in der Ausgabe an"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:476
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr "zeigt Dateien im Dateisystem, die gelöscht werden müssen, an"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:482
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
 msgid "show 'other' directories' name only"
 msgstr "zeigt nur Namen von 'sonstigen' Verzeichnissen an"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:481
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr "zeigt keine leeren Verzeichnisse an"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:484
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr "zeigt nicht zusammengeführte Dateien in der Ausgabe an"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:486
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr "zeigt 'resolve-undo' Informationen an"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:492
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr "lässt Dateien aus, die einem Muster entsprechen"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:491
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr "schließt Muster, gelesen von <Datei>, aus"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:494
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr "liest zusätzliche pro-Verzeichnis Auschlussmuster aus <Datei>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:500
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:496
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr "fügt die standardmäßigen Git-Ausschlüsse hinzu"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:499
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr "Ausgabe relativ zum Projektverzeichnis"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
 msgstr ""
 "behandle es als Fehler, wenn sich eine <Datei> nicht in der Bereitstellung "
 "befindet"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:507
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr "Versionsreferenz"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:508
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:504
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr ""
 "gibt vor, dass Pfade, die seit <Versionsreferenz> gelöscht wurden, immer "
 "noch vorhanden sind"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr "zeigt Ausgaben zur Fehlersuche an"
 
@@ -5770,7 +6285,7 @@ msgstr "listet nur Dateinamen auf"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:140
 msgid "use full path names"
-msgstr "benutzt vollständige Pfadnamen"
+msgstr "verwendet vollständige Pfadnamen"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
 msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
@@ -5852,273 +6367,302 @@ msgstr "erlaubt Vorspulen (Standard)"
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
 msgstr "bricht ab, wenn kein Vorspulen möglich ist"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/notes.c:870 builtin/revert.c:112
+#: builtin/merge.c:203
+msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "überprüft die genannte Version auf eine gültige GPG-Signatur"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:204 builtin/notes.c:866 builtin/revert.c:112
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr "Strategie"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:203
+#: builtin/merge.c:205
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr "zu verwendende Zusammenführungsstrategie"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:206
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr "Option=Wert"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:205
+#: builtin/merge.c:207
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr "Option für ausgewählte Zusammenführungsstrategie"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:209
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr ""
 "führt Versionsbeschreibung zusammen (für eine Zusammenführung, die kein "
 "Vorspulen war)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:211
+#: builtin/merge.c:213
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr "bricht die sich im Gange befindliche Zusammenführung ab"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:240
+#: builtin/merge.c:242
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr "Konnte \"stash\" nicht ausführen."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:245
+#: builtin/merge.c:247
 msgid "stash failed"
 msgstr "\"stash\" fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#: builtin/merge.c:252
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "kein gültiges Objekt: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+#: builtin/merge.c:271 builtin/merge.c:288
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "read-tree fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:316
+#: builtin/merge.c:318
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr " (nichts zu quetschen)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#: builtin/merge.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Quetsche Version -- Zweigspitze (HEAD) wird nicht aktualisiert\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:361
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
 msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "Schreibe SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:363
+#: builtin/merge.c:365
 msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "Schließe SQUASH_MSG ab"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#: builtin/merge.c:388
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Keine Zusammenführungsbeschreibung -- Zweigspitze (HEAD) wird nicht "
 "aktualisiert\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:436
+#: builtin/merge.c:438
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr "'%s' zeigt auf keine Version"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:535
+#: builtin/merge.c:550
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr "Ungültiger branch.%s.mergeoptions String: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:628
+#: builtin/merge.c:643
 msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
 msgstr "\"git write-tree\" schlug beim Schreiben eines Baumes fehl"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:656
+#: builtin/merge.c:671
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr "Es wird nur die Zusammenführung von zwei Zweigen behandelt."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:670
+#: builtin/merge.c:685
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "Unbekannte Option für merge-recursive: -X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:684
+#: builtin/merge.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "konnte %s nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:773
+#: builtin/merge.c:788
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte nicht von '%s' lesen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:782
+#: builtin/merge.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Zusammenführung wurde nicht eingetragen; benutze 'git commit' um die "
+"Zusammenführung wurde nicht eingetragen; benutzen Sie 'git commit' um die "
 "Zusammenführung abzuschließen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:788
+#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
 "especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
 "\n"
-"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
 "the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Bitte gebe eine Versionsbeschreibung ein um zu erklären, warum diese "
+"Bitte geben Sie eine Versionsbeschreibung ein um zu erklären, warum diese "
 "Zusammenführung erforderlich ist,\n"
 "insbesondere wenn es einen aktualisierten, externen Zweig mit einem Thema-"
 "Zweig zusammenführt.\n"
 "\n"
-"Zeilen beginnend mit '#' werden ignoriert, und eine leere Beschreibung "
+"Zeilen beginnend mit '%c' werden ignoriert, und eine leere Beschreibung "
 "bricht die Eintragung ab.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:812
+#: builtin/merge.c:827
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "Leere Versionsbeschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:824
+#: builtin/merge.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr "Wunderbar.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:889
+#: builtin/merge.c:904
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Automatische Zusammenführung fehlgeschlagen; behebe die Konflikte und trage "
-"dann das Ergebnis ein.\n"
+"Automatische Zusammenführung fehlgeschlagen; beheben Sie die Konflikte und "
+"tragen Sie dann das Ergebnis ein.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:905
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
 msgstr "'%s' ist keine Version"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:946
+#: builtin/merge.c:961
 msgid "No current branch."
-msgstr "Du befindest dich auf keinem Zweig."
+msgstr "Sie befinden sich auf keinem Zweig."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:948
+#: builtin/merge.c:963
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr "Kein externes Archiv für den aktuellen Zweig."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:950
+#: builtin/merge.c:965
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr ""
 "Es ist kein externes Standard-Projektarchiv für den aktuellen Zweig "
 "definiert."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:955
+#: builtin/merge.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr "Kein externer Übernahmezweig für %s von %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1042 builtin/merge.c:1199
+#: builtin/merge.c:1057 builtin/merge.c:1214
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr "%s - nichts was wir zusammenführen können"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1110
+#: builtin/merge.c:1125
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr "Es gibt keine Zusammenführung zum Abbrechen (vermisse MERGE_HEAD)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1126 git-pull.sh:31
+#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:31
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
 msgstr ""
-"Du hast deine Zusammenführung nicht abgeschlossen (MERGE_HEAD existiert).\n"
-"Bitte trage deine Änderungen ein, bevor du zusammenführen kannst."
+"Sie haben Ihre Zusammenführung nicht abgeschlossen (MERGE_HEAD existiert).\n"
+"Bitte tragen Sie Ihre Änderungen ein, bevor Sie zusammenführen können."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1129 git-pull.sh:34
+#: builtin/merge.c:1144 git-pull.sh:34
 msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr ""
-"Du hast deine Zusammenführung nicht abgeschlossen (MERGE_HEAD existiert)."
+"Sie haben Ihre Zusammenführung nicht abgeschlossen (MERGE_HEAD existiert)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1133
+#: builtin/merge.c:1148
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
 msgstr ""
-"Du hast \"cherry-pick\" nicht abgeschlossen (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existiert).\n"
-"Bitte trage deine Änderungen ein, bevor du zusammenführen kannst."
+"Sie haben \"cherry-pick\" nicht abgeschlossen (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existiert).\n"
+"Bitte tragen Sie Ihre Änderungen ein, bevor Sie zusammenführen können."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1136
+#: builtin/merge.c:1151
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr ""
-"Du hast \"cherry-pick\" nicht abgeschlossen (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existiert)."
+"Sie haben \"cherry-pick\" nicht abgeschlossen (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existiert)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1160
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
-msgstr "Du kannst --squash nicht mit --no-ff kombinieren."
+msgstr "Sie können --squash nicht mit --no-ff kombinieren."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1150
+#: builtin/merge.c:1165
 msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
-msgstr "Du kannst --no-ff nicht mit --ff--only kombinieren."
+msgstr "Sie können --no-ff nicht mit --ff--only kombinieren."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1172
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr "Keine Version angegeben und merge.defaultToUpstream ist nicht gesetzt."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1189
+#: builtin/merge.c:1204
 msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
 msgstr "Kann nur exakt eine Version in einem leeren Zweig zusammenführen."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1192
+#: builtin/merge.c:1207
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr "Bin auf einem Zweig, der noch geboren wird; kann nicht quetschen."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1194
+#: builtin/merge.c:1209
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
-msgstr "nicht vorzuspulende Version macht in einem leeren Zweig keinen Sinn"
+msgstr ""
+"Nicht vorzuspulende Version kann nicht in einem leeren Zweig verwendet "
+"werden."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Version %s hat eine nicht vertrauenswürdige GPG-Signatur, angeblich von %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
+msgstr "Version %s hat eine ungültige GPG-Signatur, angeblich von %s."
+
+#. 'N'
+#: builtin/merge.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
+msgstr "Version %s hat keine GPG-Signatur."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1309
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
+msgstr "Version %s hat eine gültige GPG-Signatur von %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr "Aktualisiere %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1348
+#: builtin/merge.c:1397
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
 msgstr "Probiere wirklich triviale \"in-index\"-Zusammenführung...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1355
+#: builtin/merge.c:1404
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "Nein.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1387
+#: builtin/merge.c:1436
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
 msgstr "Vorspulen nicht möglich, breche ab."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1410 builtin/merge.c:1489
+#: builtin/merge.c:1459 builtin/merge.c:1538
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr "Rücklauf des Zweiges bis zum Ursprung...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1414
+#: builtin/merge.c:1463
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr "Probiere Zusammenführungsstrategie %s...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1480
+#: builtin/merge.c:1529
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "Keine Zusammenführungsstrategie behandelt diese Zusammenführung.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1482
+#: builtin/merge.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "Zusammenführung mit Strategie %s fehlgeschlagen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1491
+#: builtin/merge.c:1540
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
-msgstr "Benutze \"%s\" um die Auflösung per Hand vorzubereiten.\n"
+msgstr "Benutzen Sie \"%s\" um die Auflösung per Hand vorzubereiten.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1503
+#: builtin/merge.c:1552
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
@@ -6151,7 +6695,7 @@ msgstr "findet Vorfahren für eine einzelne n-Wege-Zusammenführung"
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:100
 msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
-msgstr "listet Revisionen auf, die nicht durch Andere erreichbar sind"
+msgstr "listet Versionen auf, die nicht durch Andere erreichbar sind"
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:102
 msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
@@ -6171,7 +6715,7 @@ msgstr "sendet Ergebnisse zur Standard-Ausgabe"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:34
 msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
-msgstr "benutzt eine diff3 basierte Zusammenführung"
+msgstr "verwendet eine diff3 basierte Zusammenführung"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:35
 msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
@@ -6305,11 +6849,11 @@ msgstr "zeigt nur Namen an (keine SHA-1)"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:230
 msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
-msgstr "benutzt nur Markierungen um die Versionen zu benennen"
+msgstr "verwendet nur Markierungen um die Versionen zu benennen"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:232
 msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
-msgstr "benutzt nur Referenzen die <Muster> entsprechen"
+msgstr "verwendet nur Referenzen die <Muster> entsprechen"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:234
 msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
@@ -6435,81 +6979,77 @@ msgstr "git notes prune [<Optionen>]"
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:142
+#: builtin/notes.c:139
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte 'show' für Objekt '%s' nicht starten"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:148
-msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
-msgstr "konnte Datei-Deskriptor für Ausgabe von 'show' nicht öffnen"
+#: builtin/notes.c:143
+msgid "could not read 'show' output"
+msgstr "Konnte Ausgabe von 'show' nicht lesen."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
-msgstr "Schließen der Verbindung zu 'show' ist für Objekt '%s' fehlgeschlagen."
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:161
+#: builtin/notes.c:151
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte 'show' für Objekt '%s' nicht abschließen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:178 builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/notes.c:169 builtin/tag.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create file '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte Datei '%s' nicht erstellen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
+#: builtin/notes.c:188
 msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
-msgstr "Bitte liefere den Notiz-Inhalt unter Verwendung der Option -m oder -F."
+msgstr ""
+"Bitte liefern Sie den Notiz-Inhalt unter Verwendung der Option -m oder -F."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:213 builtin/notes.c:976
+#: builtin/notes.c:209 builtin/notes.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Entferne Notiz für Objekt %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:218
+#: builtin/notes.c:214
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "Konnte Notiz-Objekt nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:220
+#: builtin/notes.c:216
 #, c-format
 msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
 msgstr "Die Notiz-Inhalte wurden in %s belassen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:254 builtin/tag.c:542
+#: builtin/notes.c:250 builtin/tag.c:540
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr "kann '%s' nicht lesen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:256 builtin/tag.c:545
+#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr "konnte '%s' nicht öffnen oder lesen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:275 builtin/notes.c:448 builtin/notes.c:450
-#: builtin/notes.c:510 builtin/notes.c:564 builtin/notes.c:647
-#: builtin/notes.c:652 builtin/notes.c:727 builtin/notes.c:769
-#: builtin/notes.c:971 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:271 builtin/notes.c:444 builtin/notes.c:446
+#: builtin/notes.c:506 builtin/notes.c:560 builtin/notes.c:643
+#: builtin/notes.c:648 builtin/notes.c:723 builtin/notes.c:765
+#: builtin/notes.c:967 builtin/tag.c:556
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
 msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht als gültige Referenz auflösen."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:278
+#: builtin/notes.c:274
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
 msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen des Objektes '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:302
+#: builtin/notes.c:298
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr "Kann uninitialisierten/unreferenzierten Notiz-Baum nicht eintragen."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:343
+#: builtin/notes.c:339
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Ungültiger notes.rewriteMode Wert: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:353
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr ""
@@ -6517,117 +7057,117 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
 #. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: builtin/notes.c:380
+#: builtin/notes.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Ungültiger %s Wert: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:444
+#: builtin/notes.c:440
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
 msgstr "Fehlerhafte Eingabezeile: '%s'."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:459
+#: builtin/notes.c:455
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Kopieren der Notizen von '%s' nach '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:503 builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/notes.c:630
-#: builtin/notes.c:642 builtin/notes.c:715 builtin/notes.c:762
-#: builtin/notes.c:1036
+#: builtin/notes.c:499 builtin/notes.c:553 builtin/notes.c:626
+#: builtin/notes.c:638 builtin/notes.c:711 builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:1032
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "zu viele Parameter"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:516 builtin/notes.c:775
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:771
 #, c-format
 msgid "No note found for object %s."
 msgstr "Kein Notiz für Objekt %s gefunden."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:538 builtin/notes.c:695
+#: builtin/notes.c:534 builtin/notes.c:691
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr "Notizinhalte als Zeichenkette"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:541 builtin/notes.c:698
+#: builtin/notes.c:537 builtin/notes.c:694
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr "Notizinhalte in einer Datei"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:546 builtin/notes.c:700
-#: builtin/notes.c:703 builtin/tag.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:539 builtin/notes.c:542 builtin/notes.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:699 builtin/tag.c:474
 msgid "object"
 msgstr "Objekt"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:544 builtin/notes.c:701
+#: builtin/notes.c:540 builtin/notes.c:697
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr "Wiederverwendung und Bearbeitung des angegebenen Notiz-Objektes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:547 builtin/notes.c:704
+#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:700
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr "Wiederverwendung des angegebenen Notiz-Objektes"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:549 builtin/notes.c:617
+#: builtin/notes.c:545 builtin/notes.c:613
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr "ersetzt existierende Notizen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:583
+#: builtin/notes.c:579
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr ""
 "Konnte Notizen nicht hinzufügen. Existierende Notizen für Objekt %s "
-"gefunden. Verwende '-f' um die existierenden Notizen zu überschreiben."
+"gefunden. Verwenden Sie '-f' um die existierenden Notizen zu überschreiben."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:665
+#: builtin/notes.c:584 builtin/notes.c:661
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Überschreibe existierende Notizen für Objekt %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:618
+#: builtin/notes.c:614
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr "liest Objekte von der Standard-Eingabe"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:620
+#: builtin/notes.c:616
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr ""
 "lädt Konfiguration für <Kommando> beim Umschreiben von Versionen (impliziert "
 "--stdin)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:638
+#: builtin/notes.c:634
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "zu wenig Parameter"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:659
+#: builtin/notes.c:655
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr ""
 "Kann Notizen nicht kopieren. Existierende Notizen für Objekt %s gefunden. "
-"Verwende '-f' um die existierenden Notizen zu überschreiben."
+"Verwenden Sie '-f' um die existierenden Notizen zu überschreiben."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:671
+#: builtin/notes.c:667
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
 msgstr "Keine Notizen für Quell-Objekt %s. Kopie nicht möglich."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:720
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
 "Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Die Optionen -m/-F/-c/-C sind für das Unterkommando 'edit' veraltet.\n"
-"Bitte benutze stattdessen 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C'.\n"
+"Bitte benutzen Sie stattdessen 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C'.\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:867
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Allgemeine Optionen"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:865
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr "Optionen für Zusammenführung"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:871
+#: builtin/notes.c:867
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
@@ -6635,46 +7175,46 @@ msgstr ""
 "löst Konflikte bei Notizen mit der angegebenen Strategie auf (manual/ours/"
 "theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:873
+#: builtin/notes.c:869
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "trägt nicht zusammengeführte Notizen ein"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:875
+#: builtin/notes.c:871
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr ""
 "schließt Zusammenführung von Notizen ab, in dem nicht zusammengeführte "
 "Notizen eingetragen werden"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:877
+#: builtin/notes.c:873
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr "bricht Konfliktauflösung bei Zusammenführung von Notizen ab"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:879
+#: builtin/notes.c:875
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr "bricht Zusammenführung von Notizen ab"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:974
+#: builtin/notes.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "Objekt %s hat keine Notiz\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:986
+#: builtin/notes.c:982
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr "der Versuch, eine nicht existierende Notiz zu löschen, ist kein Fehler"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989
+#: builtin/notes.c:985
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr "liest Objektnamen von der Standard-Eingabe"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1070
+#: builtin/notes.c:1066
 msgid "notes_ref"
 msgstr "Notiz-Referenz"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1071
+#: builtin/notes.c:1067
 msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
-msgstr "benutzt Notizen von <Notiz-Referenz>"
+msgstr "verwendet Notizen von <Notiz-Referenz>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1106 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#: builtin/notes.c:1102 builtin/remote.c:1598
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
 msgstr "Unbekanntes Unterkommando: %s"
@@ -6774,12 +7314,12 @@ msgstr "verwendet existierende Objekte wieder"
 
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:2475
 msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
-msgstr "benutzt OFS_DELTA Objekte"
+msgstr "verwendet OFS_DELTA Objekte"
 
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:2477
 msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
 msgstr ""
-"benutzt Threads bei der Suche nach den besten Ãœbereinstimmungen bei "
+"verwendet Threads bei der Suche nach den besten Ãœbereinstimmungen bei "
 "Unterschieden"
 
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:2479
@@ -6883,7 +7423,7 @@ msgstr "Kurzschrift für Markierung ohne <Markierung>"
 
 #: builtin/push.c:64
 msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
-msgstr "--delete akzeptiert nur reine Referenz-Namen als Ziel"
+msgstr "Die Option --delete akzeptiert nur reine Referenznamen als Ziel."
 
 #: builtin/push.c:99
 msgid ""
@@ -6908,14 +7448,14 @@ msgid ""
 "    git push %s %s\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
-"Der Name des externen Ãœbernahmezweiges stimmt nicht mit dem Namen deines\n"
+"Der Name des externen Ãœbernahmezweiges stimmt nicht mit dem Namen Ihres\n"
 "aktuellen Zweiges überein. Um auf den Übernahmezweig in dem externen\n"
-"Projektarchiv zu versenden, benutze:\n"
+"Projektarchiv zu versenden, benutzen Sie:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
 "\n"
 "Um auf den Zweig mit dem selben Namen in dem externen Projekarchiv\n"
-"zu versenden, benutze:\n"
+"zu versenden, benutzen Sie:\n"
 "\n"
 "    git push %s %s\n"
 "%s"
@@ -6929,9 +7469,9 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Du befindest dich sich im Moment auf keinem Zweig.\n"
+"Sie befinden sich im Moment auf keinem Zweig.\n"
 "Um die Historie, führend zum aktuellen (freistehende Zweigspitze (HEAD))\n"
-"Status zu versenden, benutze\n"
+"Status zu versenden, benutzen Sie\n"
 "\n"
 "    git push %s HEAD:<Name-des-externen-Zweiges>\n"
 
@@ -6945,7 +7485,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Der aktuelle Zweig %s hat keinen Zweig im externen Projektarchiv.\n"
 "Um den aktuellen Zweig zu versenden und das Fernarchiv als externes\n"
-"Projektarchiv zu verwenden, benutze\n"
+"Projektarchiv zu verwenden, benutzen Sie\n"
 "\n"
 "    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
 
@@ -6961,7 +7501,7 @@ msgid ""
 "your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
 "to update which remote branch."
 msgstr ""
-"Du versendest nach '%s', welches kein externes Projektarchiv deines\n"
+"Sie versenden nach '%s', welches kein externes Projektarchiv Ihres\n"
 "aktuellen Zweiges '%s' ist, ohne mir mitzuteilen, was ich versenden\n"
 "soll, um welchen externen Zweig zu aktualisieren."
 
@@ -6985,26 +7525,25 @@ msgstr ""
 "'push.default' ist nicht gesetzt; der implizit gesetzte Wert\n"
 "wird in Git 2.0 von 'matching' nach 'simple' geändert. Um diese Meldung zu\n"
 "unterdrücken und das aktuelle Verhalten nach Änderung des Standardwertes\n"
-"beizubehalten, benutze:\n"
+"beizubehalten, benutzen Sie:\n"
 "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
 "\n"
-"Um diese Meldung zu unterdrücken und das neue Verhalten jetzt zu "
-"übernehmen,\n"
-"benutze:\n"
+"Um diese Meldung zu unterdrücken und das neue Verhalten jetzt zu übernehmen, "
+"benutzen Sie:\n"
 "\n"
 "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
 "\n"
-"Führe 'git help config' aus und suche nach 'push.default' für weitere "
-"Informationen.\n"
+"Führen Sie 'git help config' aus und suchen Sie nach 'push.default' für "
+"weitere Informationen.\n"
 "(Der Modus 'simple' wurde in Git 1.7.11 eingeführt. Benutze den ähnlichen "
-"Modus 'current' anstatt 'simple', falls du gelegentlich ältere Versionen von "
-"Git benutzt.)"
+"Modus 'current' anstatt 'simple', falls Sie gelegentlich ältere Versionen "
+"von Git benutzen.)"
 
 #: builtin/push.c:199
 msgid ""
 "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
 msgstr ""
-"Du hast keine Referenzspezifikationen zum Versenden angegeben, und push."
+"Sie haben keine Referenzspezifikationen zum Versenden angegeben, und push."
 "default ist \"nothing\"."
 
 #: builtin/push.c:206
@@ -7014,9 +7553,10 @@ msgid ""
 "before pushing again.\n"
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
-"Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Spitze deines aktuellen\n"
-"Zweiges hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Führe die\n"
-"externen Änderungen zusammen (z.B. 'git pull') bevor du erneut versendest.\n"
+"Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Spitze Ihres aktuellen\n"
+"Zweiges hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Führen Sie\n"
+"die externen Änderungen zusammen (z.B. 'git pull') bevor Sie erneut\n"
+"versenden.\n"
 "Siehe auch die Sektion 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help'\n"
 "für weitere Details."
 
@@ -7028,8 +7568,9 @@ msgid ""
 "to 'simple', 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
 msgstr ""
 "Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Spitze eines versendeten\n"
-"Zweiges hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Wenn du nicht\n"
-"beabsichtigt hast, diesen Zweig zu versenden, kannst du auch den zu "
+"Zweiges hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Wenn Sie "
+"nicht\n"
+"beabsichtigt haben, diesen Zweig zu versenden, können Sie auch den zu "
 "versendenden\n"
 "Zweig spezifizieren oder die Konfigurationsvariable 'push.default' zu "
 "'simple', 'current'\n"
@@ -7043,28 +7584,64 @@ msgid ""
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
 "Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Spitze eines versendeten\n"
-"Zweiges hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Checke diesen\n"
-"Zweig aus und führe die externen Änderungen zusammen (z.B. 'git pull')\n"
-"bevor du erneut versendest.\n"
+"Zweiges hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Checken Sie\n"
+"diesen Zweig aus und führen Sie die externen Änderungen zusammen\n"
+"(z.B. 'git pull') bevor Sie erneut versenden.\n"
 "Siehe auch die Sektion 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help'\n"
 "für weitere Details."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:258
+#: builtin/push.c:224
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+"not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+"to the same ref. You may want to first merge the remote changes (e.g.,\n"
+"'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil das Fernarchiv Versionen "
+"enthält,\n"
+"die lokal nicht vorhanden sind. Das wird üblicherweise durch das Versenden "
+"von\n"
+"Versionen auf dieselbe Referenz von einem anderen Projektarchiv aus "
+"verursacht.\n"
+"Vielleicht müssen Sie die externen Änderungen zusammenzuführen (z.B. 'git "
+"pull')\n"
+"bevor Sie erneut versenden.\n"
+"Siehe auch die Sektion 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help'\n"
+"für weitere Details."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:231
+msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
+msgstr ""
+"Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Markierung bereits\n"
+"im Fernarchiv existiert."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:234
+msgid ""
+"You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+"or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+"without using the '--force' option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie können keine externe Referenz aktualisieren, die auf ein Objekt zeigt,\n"
+"das keine Version ist, oder es auf ein solches Objekt zeigen lassen, ohne\n"
+"die Option '--force' zu verwenden.\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:294
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr "Versende nach %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:262
+#: builtin/push.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Versenden einiger Referenzen nach '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:294
+#: builtin/push.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr "ungültiges Projektarchiv '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:295
+#: builtin/push.c:332
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -7077,91 +7654,101 @@ msgid ""
 "    git push <name>\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Kein Ziel zum Versenden konfiguriert.\n"
-"Entweder spezifizierst du die URL von der Kommandozeile oder konfigurierst "
+"Entweder spezifizieren Sie die URL von der Kommandozeile oder konfigurieren "
 "ein externes Projektarchiv unter Benutzung von\n"
 "\n"
 "    git remote add <Name> <URL>\n"
 "\n"
-"und versendest dann unter Benutzung dieses Namens\n"
+"und versenden dann unter Benutzung dieses Namens\n"
 "\n"
 "    git push <Name>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:310
+#: builtin/push.c:347
 msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all und --tags sind inkompatibel"
+msgstr "Die Optionen --all und --tags sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:311
+#: builtin/push.c:348
 msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "--all kann nicht mit Referenzspezifikationen kombiniert werden"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --all kann nicht mit Referenzspezifikationen kombiniert werden."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:316
+#: builtin/push.c:353
 msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
-msgstr "--mirror und --tags sind inkompatibel"
+msgstr "Die Optionen --mirror und --tags sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:317
+#: builtin/push.c:354
 msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
-msgstr "--mirror kann nicht mit Referenzspezifikationen kombiniert werden"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --mirror kann nicht mit Referenzspezifikationen kombiniert werden."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:322
+#: builtin/push.c:359
 msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
-msgstr "--all und --mirror sind inkompatibel"
+msgstr "Die Optionen --all und --mirror sind inkompatibel."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:382
+#: builtin/push.c:419
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr "Projektarchiv"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:383
+#: builtin/push.c:420
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr "versendet alle Referenzen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:384
+#: builtin/push.c:421
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr "spiegelt alle Referenzen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:386
+#: builtin/push.c:423
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr "löscht Referenzen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:387
+#: builtin/push.c:424
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
 msgstr ""
-"versendet Markierungen (kann nicht mit --all oder --mirror benutzt werden)"
+"versendet Markierungen (kann nicht mit --all oder --mirror verwendet werden)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:390
+#: builtin/push.c:427
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "erzwingt Aktualisierung"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:391
+#: builtin/push.c:428
 msgid "check"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:392
+#: builtin/push.c:429
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr "steuert rekursives Versenden von Unterprojekten"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:431
 msgid "use thin pack"
-msgstr "benutzt kleinere Pakete"
+msgstr "verwendet kleinere Pakete"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395 builtin/push.c:396
+#: builtin/push.c:432 builtin/push.c:433
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr "'receive pack' Programm"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:397
+#: builtin/push.c:434
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr "setzt externes Projektarchiv für \"git pull/status\""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:400
+#: builtin/push.c:437
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr "entfernt lokal gelöschte Referenzen"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
+#: builtin/push.c:439
+msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
+msgstr "umgeht \"pre-push hook\""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:440
+msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
+msgstr "versendet fehlende, aber relevante Markierungen"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:450
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
-msgstr "--delete ist inkompatibel mit --all, --mirror und --tags"
+msgstr "Die Option --delete ist inkompatibel mit --all, --mirror und --tags."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:412
+#: builtin/push.c:452
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
-msgstr "--delete macht ohne irgendeine Referenz keinen Sinn"
+msgstr "Die Option --delete kann nur mit Referenzen verwendet werden."
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:36
 msgid ""
@@ -7331,7 +7918,7 @@ msgid ""
 "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
 msgstr ""
 "--mirror ist gefährlich und veraltet; bitte\n"
-"\t benutze stattdessen --mirror=fetch oder --mirror=push"
+"\t benutzen Sie stattdessen --mirror=fetch oder --mirror=push"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:147
 #, c-format
@@ -7369,13 +7956,15 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:185
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
-msgstr "Angabe eines Hauptzweiges macht mit --mirror keinen Sinn"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --mirror kann nicht mit der Angabe eines Hauptzweiges verwendet "
+"werden."
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:187
 msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
 msgstr ""
-"die Angabe von zu folgenden Zweigen macht nur mit dem Anfordern von "
-"Spiegelarchiven Sinn"
+"Die Angabe von zu folgenden Zweigen kann nur mit dem Anfordern von "
+"Spiegelarchiven verwendet werden."
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:195 builtin/remote.c:646
 #, c-format
@@ -7440,7 +8029,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Keine Aktualisierung der nicht standardmäßigen Referenzspezifikation zum "
 "Abholen\n"
 "\t%s\n"
-"\tBitte aktualisiere, falls notwendig, die Konfiguration manuell."
+"\tBitte aktualisieren Sie, falls notwendig, die Konfiguration manuell."
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:683
 #, c-format
@@ -7477,11 +8066,11 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 "Hinweis: Ein Zweig außerhalb der /refs/remotes/ Hierachie wurde nicht "
 "gelöscht;\n"
-"um diesen zu löschen, benutze:"
+"um diesen zu löschen, benutzen Sie:"
 msgstr[1] ""
 "Hinweis: Einige Zweige außer der /refs/remotes/ Hierarchie wurden nicht "
 "entfernt;\n"
-"um diese zu entfernen, benutze:"
+"um diese zu entfernen, benutzen Sie:"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:943
 #, c-format
@@ -7494,7 +8083,7 @@ msgstr " gefolgt"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:948
 msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
-msgstr " veraltet (benutze 'git remote prune' zum Löschen)"
+msgstr " veraltet (benutzen Sie 'git remote prune' zum Löschen)"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:950
 msgid " ???"
@@ -7647,8 +8236,8 @@ msgstr "Kann Hauptzweig des externen Projektarchivs nicht bestimmen"
 #: builtin/remote.c:1218
 msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
 msgstr ""
-"Mehrere Hauptzweige im externen Projektarchiv. Bitte wähle explizit einen "
-"aus mit:"
+"Mehrere Hauptzweige im externen Projektarchiv. Bitte wählen Sie explizit "
+"einen aus mit:"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1228
 #, c-format
@@ -7726,7 +8315,8 @@ msgstr "löscht URLs"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1447
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
-msgstr "--add --delete macht keinen Sinn"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen --add und --delete können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1487
 #, c-format
@@ -7785,12 +8375,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<Version>]"
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:26
-msgid "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr "git reset [-q] <Version> [--] <Pfade>..."
+msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] <Versionsreferenz> [--] <Pfade>..."
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"
-msgstr "git reset --patch [<Version>] [--] [<Pfade>...]"
+msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<Versionsreferenz>] [--] [<Pfade>...]"
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:33
 msgid "mixed"
@@ -7812,91 +8402,98 @@ msgstr "zusammenführen"
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "keep"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:77
+#: builtin/reset.c:73
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
-msgstr "Du hast keine gültige Zweigspitze (HEAD)."
+msgstr "Sie haben keine gültige Zweigspitze (HEAD)."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:79
+#: builtin/reset.c:75
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr "Fehler beim Finden des Baumes der Zweigspitze (HEAD)."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#: builtin/reset.c:81
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr "Fehler beim Finden des Baumes von %s."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:96
-msgid "Could not write new index file."
-msgstr "Konnte neue Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben."
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#: builtin/reset.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "Zweigspitze (HEAD) ist jetzt bei %s"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:130
-msgid "Could not read index"
-msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellung nicht lesen"
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:133
-msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
-msgstr "Nicht bereitgestellte Änderungen nach Zurücksetzung:"
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#: builtin/reset.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr ""
 "Kann keine '%s' Zurücksetzung durchführen, während eine Zusammenführung im "
 "Gange ist."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:238
+#: builtin/reset.c:248
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr "weniger Ausgaben, meldet nur Fehler"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:240
+#: builtin/reset.c:250
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
-msgstr "setzt Zweigspitze (HEAD) und Bereitstellung zurück"
+msgstr "setzt Zweigspitze (HEAD) und Bereitstellung neu"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/reset.c:251
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
-msgstr "setzt nur Zweigspitze (HEAD) zurück"
+msgstr "setzt nur Zweigspitze (HEAD) neu"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:243 builtin/reset.c:245
+#: builtin/reset.c:253 builtin/reset.c:255
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
-msgstr "setzt Zweigspitze (HEAD), Bereitstellung und Arbeitsbaum zurück"
+msgstr "setzt Zweigspitze (HEAD), Bereitstellung und Arbeitsbaum neu"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:247
+#: builtin/reset.c:257
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
-msgstr "setzt Zweigspitze (HEAD) zurück, behält aber lokale Änderungen"
+msgstr "setzt Zweigspitze (HEAD) neu, behält aber lokale Änderungen"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:303
+#: builtin/reset.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht als gültige Revision auflösen."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:278 builtin/reset.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
 msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' nicht parsen."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308
+#: builtin/reset.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht als gültigen Baum auflösen."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr "--patch ist inkompatibel mit --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:317
+#: builtin/reset.c:301
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
-"--mixed mit Pfaden ist veraltet; benutze stattdessen 'git reset -- <Pfade>'."
+"--mixed mit Pfaden ist veraltet; benutzen Sie stattdessen 'git reset -- "
+"<Pfade>'."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:319
+#: builtin/reset.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr "Eine '%s' Zurücksetzung mit Pfaden ist nicht möglich."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:313
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr "'%s' Zurücksetzung ist in einem bloßen Projektarchiv nicht erlaubt"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:333
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
-msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellungsdatei nicht zu Version '%s' zurücksetzen."
+msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellungsdatei nicht zu Revision '%s' setzen."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:339
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "Nicht bereitgestellte Änderungen nach Zurücksetzung:"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:344
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "Konnte neue Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben."
 
 #: builtin/rev-parse.c:339
 msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
@@ -7922,20 +8519,20 @@ msgstr ""
 "   oder: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<Argumente>...]\n"
 "   oder: git rev-parse [Optionen] [<Argumente>...]\n"
 "\n"
-"Führe \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" für weitere Informationen bei erster "
-"Verwendung aus."
+"Führen Sie \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" für weitere Informationen bei "
+"erster Verwendung aus."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>"
-msgstr "git revert [options] <Versionsangabe>"
+msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [Optionen] <Versionsangabe>..."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git revert <Unterkommando>"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"
-msgstr "git cherry-pick [Optionen] <Versionsangabe>"
+msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [Optionen] <Versionsangabe>..."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
@@ -7944,7 +8541,7 @@ msgstr "git cherry-pick <Unterkommando>"
 #: builtin/revert.c:70 builtin/revert.c:92
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
-msgstr "%s: %s kann nicht mit %s benutzt werden"
+msgstr "%s: %s kann nicht mit %s verwendet werden"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:103
 msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
@@ -8025,8 +8622,9 @@ msgid ""
 "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
 msgstr ""
 "Unterprojekt '%s' (oder ein geschachteltes Unterprojekt hiervon) verwendet\n"
-"ein .git-Verzeichnis (benutze 'rm -rf' wenn du dieses wirklich mitsamt\n"
-"seiner Historie löschen möchtest)"
+"ein .git-Verzeichnis (benutzen Sie 'rm -rf' wenn Sie dieses wirklich "
+"mitsamt\n"
+"seiner Historie löschen möchten)"
 
 #: builtin/rm.c:174
 #, c-format
@@ -8035,7 +8633,7 @@ msgid ""
 "(use -f to force removal)"
 msgstr ""
 "'%s' hat bereitgestellten Inhalt unterschiedlich zu der Datei und der\n"
-"Zweigspitze (HEAD) (benutze -f um die Entfernung zu erzwingen)"
+"Zweigspitze (HEAD) (benutzen Sie -f um die Entfernung zu erzwingen)"
 
 #: builtin/rm.c:180
 #, c-format
@@ -8044,8 +8642,8 @@ msgid ""
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
 msgstr ""
 "'%s' hat Änderungen in der Bereitstellung\n"
-"(benutze --cached um die Datei zu behalten, oder -f um die Entfernung zu "
-"erzwingen)"
+"(benutzen Sie --cached um die Datei zu behalten, oder -f um die Entfernung "
+"zu erzwingen)"
 
 #: builtin/rm.c:191
 #, c-format
@@ -8054,8 +8652,8 @@ msgid ""
 "(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
 msgstr ""
 "'%s' hat lokale Modifikationen\n"
-"(benutze --cached um die Datei zu behalten, oder -f um die Entfernung zu "
-"erzwingen)"
+"(benutzen Sie --cached um die Datei zu behalten, oder -f um die Entfernung "
+"zu erzwingen)"
 
 #: builtin/rm.c:207
 msgid "do not list removed files"
@@ -8088,33 +8686,31 @@ msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm: konnte %s nicht löschen"
 
 #: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
-msgstr ""
-"git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] "
-"[<Versionsidentifikation>... ]"
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<Optionen>] [Revisionsbereich] [[--] <Pfad>...]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing author: %s"
 msgstr "fehlender Autor: %s"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:253
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:227
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr "sortiert die Ausgabe entsprechend der Anzahl von Versionen pro Autor"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:229
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr "Unterdrückt Versionsbeschreibungen, liefert nur Anzahl der Versionen"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:257
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:231
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
 msgstr "Zeigt die Email-Adresse von jedem Autor"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:258
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:259
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:233
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr "Ausgabe mit Zeilenumbrüchen"
 
@@ -8134,68 +8730,68 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
 msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<Basis>]] [--list] [<Referenz>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "zeigt externe Ãœbernahmezweige und lokale Zweige an"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "zeigt externe Ãœbernahmezweige an"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr "färbt '*!+-' entsprechend des Zweiges ein"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr "zeigt <n> weitere Versionen nach dem gemeinsamen Vorfahren"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr "Synonym für more=-1"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr "unterdrückt Namen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr "bezieht den aktuellen Zweig ein"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr "benennt Versionen nach ihren Objektnamen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr "zeigt mögliche Basen für Zusammenführung"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr "zeigt Referenzen die unerreichbar von allen anderen Referenzen sind"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:670
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr "zeigt Versionen in topologischer Ordnung"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:672
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr "zeigt nur Versionen, die sich nicht im ersten Zweig befinden"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:673
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr ""
 "zeigt Zusammenführungen, die nur von einer Zweigspitze aus erreichbar sind"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:675
 msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
 msgstr "zeigt Versionen, wo kein Elternteil vor seinem Kind kommt"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:677
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr "<n>[,<Basis>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr ""
 "zeigt die <n> jüngsten Einträge im Referenzprotokoll beginnend an der Basis"
@@ -8325,170 +8921,164 @@ msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
 msgstr "Konnte Markierung '%s' nicht verifizieren"
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:249
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Write a tag message\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Gebe eine Markierungsbeschreibung ein\n"
-"# Zeilen, die mit '#' beginnen, werden ignoriert.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Geben Sie eine Markierungsbeschreibung ein.\n"
+"Zeilen, die mit '%c' beginnen, werden ignoriert.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:256
+#: builtin/tag.c:253
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"Write a tag message\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
 "want to.\n"
-"#\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Gebe eine Markierungsbeschreibung ein\n"
-"# Zeilen, die mit '#' beginnen, werden behalten; du darfst diese\n"
-"# selbst entfernen wenn du möchtest.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Geben Sie eine Markierungsbeschreibung ein.\n"
+"Zeilen, die mit '%c' beginnen, werden behalten; Sie dürfen diese\n"
+"selbst entfernen wenn Sie möchten.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:298
+#: builtin/tag.c:292
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr "konnte Markierung nicht signieren"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:300
+#: builtin/tag.c:294
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr "konnte Markierungsdatei nicht schreiben"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:325
+#: builtin/tag.c:319
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr "ungültiger Objekt-Typ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:338
+#: builtin/tag.c:332
 msgid "tag header too big."
 msgstr "Markierungskopf zu groß."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:370
+#: builtin/tag.c:368
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr "keine Markierungsbeschreibung?"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#: builtin/tag.c:374
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr "Die Markierungsbeschreibung wurde gelassen in %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:425
+#: builtin/tag.c:423
 msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
 msgstr "Option 'points-at' erfordert ein Objekt"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
 msgstr "fehlerhafter Objekt-Name '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:447
+#: builtin/tag.c:445
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr "listet Markierungsnamen auf"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:449
+#: builtin/tag.c:447
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr "zeigt <n> Zeilen jeder Markierungsbeschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:451
+#: builtin/tag.c:449
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr "löscht Markierungen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:452
+#: builtin/tag.c:450
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr "überprüft Markierungen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:454
+#: builtin/tag.c:452
 msgid "Tag creation options"
 msgstr "Optionen für Erstellung von Markierungen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:456
+#: builtin/tag.c:454
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr "annotierte Markierung, benötigt eine Beschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:458
+#: builtin/tag.c:456
 msgid "tag message"
 msgstr "Markierungsbeschreibung"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:460
+#: builtin/tag.c:458
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
 msgstr "annotierte und GPG-signierte Markierung"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:464
+#: builtin/tag.c:462
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
-msgstr "benutzt einen anderen Schlüssel um die Markierung zu signieren"
+msgstr "verwendet einen anderen Schlüssel um die Markierung zu signieren"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:465
+#: builtin/tag.c:463
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
 msgstr "ersetzt die Markierung, wenn sie existiert"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:466
+#: builtin/tag.c:464
 msgid "show tag list in columns"
 msgstr "zeigt Liste der Markierungen in Spalten"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
+#: builtin/tag.c:466
 msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr "Optionen für Auflistung der Markierungen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:471
+#: builtin/tag.c:469
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr "gibt nur Markierungen aus, die diese Version beinhalten"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:477
+#: builtin/tag.c:475
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
 msgstr "gibt nur Markierungen von dem Objekt aus"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:506
+#: builtin/tag.c:504
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column und -n sind inkompatibel"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:523
+#: builtin/tag.c:521
 msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "-n Option ist nur erlaubt mit -l."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:525
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
 msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "--contains Option ist nur erlaubt mit -l."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:527
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
 msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "--points-at Option ist nur erlaubt mit -l."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:535
+#: builtin/tag.c:533
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "nur eine -F oder -m Option ist erlaubt."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:555
+#: builtin/tag.c:553
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "zu viele Parameter"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#: builtin/tag.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Markierungsname."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#: builtin/tag.c:564
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr "Markierung '%s' existiert bereits"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#: builtin/tag.c:582
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
 msgstr "%s: kann Referenz nicht sperren"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
 msgstr "%s: kann Referenz nicht aktualisieren"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "Aktualisierte Markierung '%s' (war %s)\n"
@@ -8674,24 +9264,29 @@ msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr "nur nützlich für Fehlersuche"
 
 #: git.c:16
-msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgid ""
+"'git help -a' and 'git help -g' lists available subcommands and some\n"
+"concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
+"to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
 msgstr ""
-"Siehe 'git help <Kommando>' für weitere Informationen zu einem spezifischen "
-"Kommando"
+"'git help -a' und 'git help -g' listet verfügbare Unterkommandos und\n"
+"einige Anleitungen zu Git-Konzepten auf. Benutzen Sie 'git help <Kommando>'\n"
+"oder 'git help <Konzept>' um mehr über ein spezifisches Kommando oder\n"
+"Konzept zu erfahren."
 
 #: parse-options.h:156
 msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
 msgstr "Kein Effekt (Rückwärtskompatibilität)"
 
-#: parse-options.h:228
+#: parse-options.h:232
 msgid "be more verbose"
 msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben"
 
-#: parse-options.h:230
+#: parse-options.h:234
 msgid "be more quiet"
 msgstr "weniger Ausgaben"
 
-#: parse-options.h:236
+#: parse-options.h:240
 msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
 msgstr "benutze <n> Ziffern zur Anzeige von SHA-1s"
 
@@ -8733,7 +9328,7 @@ msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "Stellt Zeilen dar, die einem Muster entsprechen"
 
 #: common-cmds.h:17
-msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
 msgstr ""
 "Erstellt ein leeres Git-Projektarchiv oder initialisiert ein bestehendes neu"
 
@@ -8767,8 +9362,7 @@ msgstr "Baut lokale Versionen auf einem aktuellerem externen Zweig neu auf"
 
 #: common-cmds.h:24
 msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
-msgstr ""
-"Setzt die aktuelle Zweigspitze (HEAD) zu einem spezifizierten Zustand zurück"
+msgstr "Setzt die aktuelle Zweigspitze (HEAD) zu einem spezifizierten Zustand"
 
 #: common-cmds.h:25
 msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
@@ -8790,14 +9384,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: git-am.sh:50
 msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
-msgstr "Du musst zuerst die Informationen des Eintragenden setzen."
+msgstr "Sie müssen zuerst die Informationen des Eintragenden setzen."
 
 #: git-am.sh:95
 msgid ""
 "You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
 "Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
 msgstr ""
-"Du scheinst seit dem letzten gescheiterten 'am' die Zweigspitze (HEAD)\n"
+"Sie scheinen seit dem letzten gescheiterten 'am' die Zweigspitze (HEAD)\n"
 "geändert zu haben.\n"
 "Keine Zurücksetzung zu ORIG_HEAD."
 
@@ -8808,12 +9402,11 @@ msgid ""
 "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
 "To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
 msgstr ""
-"Wenn du das Problem gelöst hast, führe \"$cmdline --resolved\" aus.\n"
-"Falls du diesen Patch auslassen möchtest, führe stattdessen \"$cmdline --skip"
-"\" aus.\n"
-"Um den ursprünglichen Zweig wiederherzustellen und die Anwendung der "
-"Patches\n"
-"abzubrechen, führe \"$cmdline --abort\" aus."
+"Wenn Sie das Problem gelöst haben, führen Sie \"$cmdline --resolved\" aus.\n"
+"Falls Sie diesen Patch auslassen möchten, führen Sie stattdessen\n"
+"\"$cmdline --skip\" aus.\n"
+"Um den ursprünglichen Zweig wiederherzustellen und die Anwendung der\n"
+"Patches abzubrechen, führen Sie \"$cmdline --abort\" aus."
 
 #: git-am.sh:121
 msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
@@ -8836,7 +9429,7 @@ msgid ""
 "Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
 "It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
 msgstr ""
-"Hast du den Patch per Hand editiert?\n"
+"Haben Sie den Patch per Hand editiert?\n"
 "Er kann nicht auf die Blobs in seiner 'index' Zeile angewendet werden."
 
 #: git-am.sh:163
@@ -8877,7 +9470,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: git-am.sh:482
 msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
-msgstr "Bitte werde dir klar. --skip oder --abort?"
+msgstr "Bitte werden Sie sich klar. --skip oder --abort?"
 
 #: git-am.sh:509
 msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
@@ -8897,11 +9490,11 @@ msgid ""
 "To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
 msgstr ""
 "Patch ist leer. Wurde er falsch aufgeteilt?\n"
-"Wenn du diesen Patch auslassen möchtest, führe stattdessen \"$cmdline --skip"
-"\" aus.\n"
+"Wenn Sie diesen Patch auslassen möchten, führen Sie stattdessen\n"
+"\"$cmdline --skip\" aus.\n"
 "Um den ursprünglichen Zweig wiederherzustellen und die Anwendung der "
 "Patches\n"
-"abzubrechen, führe \"$cmdline --abort\" aus."
+"abzubrechen, führen Sie \"$cmdline --abort\" aus."
 
 #: git-am.sh:706
 msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
@@ -8935,9 +9528,9 @@ msgid ""
 "If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
 "already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
 msgstr ""
-"Keine Änderungen - hast du vergessen 'git add' zu benutzen?\n"
+"Keine Änderungen - haben Sie vergessen 'git add' zu benutzen?\n"
 "Wenn keine Änderungen mehr zum Bereitstellen vorhanden sind, könnten\n"
-"diese bereits anderweitig eingefügt worden sein; du könntest diesen Patch\n"
+"diese bereits anderweitig eingefügt worden sein; Sie könnten diesen Patch\n"
 "auslassen."
 
 #: git-am.sh:829
@@ -8945,8 +9538,8 @@ msgid ""
 "You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
 "did you forget to use 'git add'?"
 msgstr ""
-"Du hast immer noch nicht zusammengeführte Pfade in der Bereitstellung.\n"
-"Hast du vergessen 'git add' zu benutzen?"
+"Sie haben immer noch nicht zusammengeführte Pfade in der Bereitstellung.\n"
+"Haben Sie vergessen 'git add' zu benutzen?"
 
 #: git-am.sh:845
 msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
@@ -8972,14 +9565,14 @@ msgstr "wende zu leerer Historie an"
 
 #: git-bisect.sh:48
 msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
-msgstr "Du musst mit \"git bisect start\" beginnen."
+msgstr "Sie müssen mit \"git bisect start\" beginnen."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
 #: git-bisect.sh:54
 msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
-msgstr "Willst du, dass ich es für dich mache [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Wollen Sie, dass ich es für Sie mache [Y/n]? "
 
 #: git-bisect.sh:95
 #, sh-format
@@ -8989,7 +9582,7 @@ msgstr "nicht erkannte Option: '$arg'"
 #: git-bisect.sh:99
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
-msgstr "'$arg' scheint keine gültige Version zu sein"
+msgstr "'$arg' scheint keine gültige Revision zu sein"
 
 #: git-bisect.sh:117
 msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
@@ -9000,12 +9593,12 @@ msgstr "Ungültige Zweigspitze (HEAD) - Zweigspitze (HEAD) wird benötigt"
 msgid ""
 "Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
 msgstr ""
-"Auschecken von '$start_head' fehlgeschlagen. Versuche 'git bisect reset "
+"Auschecken von '$start_head' fehlgeschlagen. Versuchen Sie 'git bisect reset "
 "<gueltigerzweig>'."
 
 #: git-bisect.sh:140
 msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
-msgstr "\"bisect\" auf gesuchtem Zweig nicht möglich"
+msgstr "binäre Suche auf gesuchtem Zweig nicht möglich"
 
 #: git-bisect.sh:144
 msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
@@ -9023,7 +9616,7 @@ msgstr "Ungültige Referenz-Eingabe: $arg"
 
 #: git-bisect.sh:232
 msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
-msgstr "Bitte rufe 'bisect_state' mit mindestens einem Argument auf."
+msgstr "Bitte rufen Sie 'bisect_state' mit mindestens einem Argument auf."
 
 #: git-bisect.sh:244
 #, sh-format
@@ -9038,22 +9631,22 @@ msgstr "'git bisect bad' kann nur ein Argument entgegennehmen."
 #. this is less optimum.
 #: git-bisect.sh:273
 msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
-msgstr "Warnung: halbiere nur mit einer fehlerhaften Version"
+msgstr "Warnung: binäre Suche nur mit einer fehlerhaften Version"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
 #. translation. The program will only accept English input
 #. at this point.
 #: git-bisect.sh:279
 msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
-msgstr "Bist du sicher [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Sind Sie sicher [Y/n]? "
 
 #: git-bisect.sh:289
 msgid ""
 "You need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
 "(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
-"Du musst mindestens eine korrekte und eine fehlerhafte Version angeben.\n"
-"(Du kannst dafür \"git bisect bad\" und \"git bisect good\" benutzen.)"
+"Sie müssen mindestens eine korrekte und eine fehlerhafte Revision angeben.\n"
+"(Sie können dafür \"git bisect bad\" und \"git bisect good\" benutzen.)"
 
 #: git-bisect.sh:292
 msgid ""
@@ -9061,72 +9654,72 @@ msgid ""
 "You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
 "(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
-"Du musst mit \"git bisect start\" beginnen.\n"
-"Danach musst du mindestens eine korrekte und eine fehlerhafte Version "
+"Sie müssen mit \"git bisect start\" beginnen.\n"
+"Danach müssen Sie mindestens eine korrekte und eine fehlerhafte Revision "
 "angeben.\n"
-"(Du kannst dafür \"git bisect bad\" und \"git bisect good\" benutzen.)"
+"(Sie können dafür \"git bisect bad\" und \"git bisect good\" benutzen.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+#: git-bisect.sh:363 git-bisect.sh:490
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
-msgstr "Wir sind nicht beim Halbieren."
+msgstr "keine binäre Suche im Gange"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#: git-bisect.sh:370
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr "'$invalid' ist keine gültige Version"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#: git-bisect.sh:379
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
 "Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
 msgstr ""
 "Konnte die ursprüngliche Zweigspitze (HEAD) '$branch' nicht auschecken.\n"
-"Versuche 'git bisect reset <Version>'."
+"Versuchen Sie 'git bisect reset <Version>'."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:390
+#: git-bisect.sh:406
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "Keine Log-Datei gegeben"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#: git-bisect.sh:407
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr "kann $file nicht für das Abspielen lesen"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:408
+#: git-bisect.sh:424
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
-msgstr "?? Was redest du da?"
+msgstr "?? Was reden Sie da?"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#: git-bisect.sh:436
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr "führe $command aus"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:443
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
 "exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
 msgstr ""
-"Ausführung der Halbierung fehlgeschlagen:\n"
+"'bisect run' fehlgeschlagen:\n"
 "Rückkehrwert $res von '$command' ist < 0 oder >= 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:453
+#: git-bisect.sh:469
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
-msgstr "Ausführung der Halbierung kann nicht mehr fortgesetzt werden"
+msgstr "'bisect run' kann nicht mehr fortgesetzt werden"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#: git-bisect.sh:475
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
 "'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
 msgstr ""
-"Ausführung der Halbierung fehlgeschlagen:\n"
+"'bisect run' fehlgeschlagen:\n"
 "'bisect_state $state' wurde mit Fehlerwert $res beendet"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:466
+#: git-bisect.sh:482
 msgid "bisect run success"
-msgstr "Halbierung erfolgreich ausgeführt"
+msgstr "'bisect run' erfolgreich ausgeführt"
 
 #: git-pull.sh:21
 msgid ""
@@ -9134,16 +9727,18 @@ msgid ""
 "Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
 "as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
 msgstr ""
-"\"pull\" ist nicht möglich, weil du nicht zusammengeführte Dateien hast.\n"
-"Bitte korrigiere dies im Arbeitsbaum und benutze dann 'git add/rm <Datei>'\n"
-"um die Auflösung entsprechend zu markieren, oder benutze 'git commit -a'."
+"\"pull\" ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben.\n"
+"Bitte korrigieren Sie dies im Arbeitsbaum und benutzen Sie dann 'git add/rm "
+"<Datei>'\n"
+"um die Auflösung entsprechend zu markieren, oder benutzen Sie 'git commit -"
+"a'."
 
 #: git-pull.sh:25
 msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
 msgstr ""
-"\"pull\" ist nicht möglich, weil du nicht zusammengeführte Dateien hast."
+"\"pull\" ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:197
+#: git-pull.sh:203
 msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
 msgstr ""
 "Aktualisiere eine ungeborenen Zweig mit Änderungen, die zur Bereitstellung "
@@ -9153,7 +9748,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
 #. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
 #. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
-#: git-pull.sh:229
+#: git-pull.sh:235
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
@@ -9161,13 +9756,13 @@ msgid ""
 "Warning: commit $orig_head."
 msgstr ""
 "Warnung: Die Anforderung aktualisierte die Spitze des aktuellen Zweiges.\n"
-"Warnung: Spule deinen Arbeitszweig von Version $orig_head vor."
+"Warnung: Spule Ihren Arbeitszweig von Version $orig_head vor."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:254
+#: git-pull.sh:260
 msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
 msgstr "Kann nicht mehrere Zweige in einen ungeborenen Zweig zusammenführen"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:258
+#: git-pull.sh:264
 msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
 msgstr "kann nicht auf mehrere Zweige neu aufbauen"
 
@@ -9178,12 +9773,13 @@ msgid ""
 "To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
 "\"."
 msgstr ""
-"Wenn du das Problem aufgelöst hast, führe \"git rebase --continue\" aus.\n"
-"Falls du diesen Patch auslassen möchtest, führe stattdessen \"git rebase --"
-"skip\" aus.\n"
+"Wenn Sie das Problem aufgelöst haben, führen Sie \"git rebase --continue\" "
+"aus.\n"
+"Falls Sie diesen Patch auslassen möchten, führen Sie stattdessen \"git "
+"rebase --skip\" aus.\n"
 "Um den ursprünglichen Zweig wiederherzustellen und den Neuaufbau "
 "abzubrechen,\n"
-"führe \"git rebase --abort\" aus."
+"führen Sie \"git rebase --abort\" aus."
 
 #: git-rebase.sh:160
 msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
@@ -9195,7 +9791,7 @@ msgstr "\"git-am\" scheint im Gange zu sein. Kann nicht neu aufbauen."
 
 #: git-rebase.sh:296
 msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
-msgstr "Die --exec Option muss mit der --interactive Option benutzt werden"
+msgstr "Die Option --exec muss mit --interactive verwendet werden."
 
 #: git-rebase.sh:301
 msgid "No rebase in progress?"
@@ -9203,8 +9799,9 @@ msgstr "Kein Neuaufbau im Gange?"
 
 #: git-rebase.sh:312
 msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
-msgstr "Die --edit-todo Aktion kann nur während eines interaktiven "
-"Neuaufbaus benutzt werden."
+msgstr ""
+"Die --edit-todo Aktion kann nur während eines interaktiven Neuaufbaus "
+"verwendet werden."
 
 #: git-rebase.sh:319
 msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
@@ -9215,7 +9812,7 @@ msgid ""
 "You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
 "mark them as resolved using git add"
 msgstr ""
-"Du musst alle Zusammenführungskonflikte editieren und diese dann\n"
+"Sie müssen alle Zusammenführungskonflikte editieren und diese dann\n"
 "mittels \"git add\" als aufgelöst markieren"
 
 #: git-rebase.sh:340
@@ -9237,11 +9834,11 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Es sieht so aus, als ob es das Verzeichnis $state_dir_base bereits gibt\n"
 "und es könnte ein anderer Neuaufbau im Gange sein. Wenn das der Fall ist,\n"
-"probiere bitte\n"
+"probieren Sie bitte\n"
 "\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
-"Wenn das nicht der Fall ist, probiere bitte\n"
+"Wenn das nicht der Fall ist, probieren Sie bitte\n"
 "\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
-"und führe dieses Kommando nochmal aus. Es wird angehalten, falls noch\n"
+"und führen Sie dieses Kommando nochmal aus. Es wird angehalten, falls noch\n"
 "etwas Schützenswertes vorhanden ist."
 
 #: git-rebase.sh:404
@@ -9271,7 +9868,7 @@ msgstr "fatal: Zweig $branch_name nicht gefunden"
 
 #: git-rebase.sh:483
 msgid "Please commit or stash them."
-msgstr "Bitte trage die Änderungen ein oder benutze \"stash\"."
+msgstr "Bitte tragen Sie die Änderungen ein oder benutzen Sie \"stash\"."
 
 #: git-rebase.sh:501
 #, sh-format
@@ -9293,7 +9890,7 @@ msgstr "Änderungen von $mb zu $onto:"
 #: git-rebase.sh:524
 msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
 msgstr ""
-"Zunächst wird die Zweigspitze zurückgespult, um deine Änderungen\n"
+"Zunächst wird die Zweigspitze zurückgespult, um Ihre Änderungen\n"
 "darauf neu anzuwenden..."
 
 #: git-rebase.sh:532
@@ -9307,7 +9904,7 @@ msgstr "git stash clear mit Parametern ist nicht implementiert"
 
 #: git-stash.sh:74
 msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
-msgstr "Du hast bisher noch keine initiale Version"
+msgstr "Sie haben bisher noch keine initiale Version"
 
 #: git-stash.sh:89
 msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
@@ -9346,7 +9943,7 @@ msgid ""
 "       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
 msgstr ""
 "Fehler: unbekannte Option für 'stash save': $option\n"
-"        Um eine Beschreibung anzugeben, benutze \"git stash save -- "
+"        Um eine Beschreibung anzugeben, benutzen Sie \"git stash save -- "
 "'$option'\""
 
 #: git-stash.sh:223
@@ -9400,7 +9997,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: git-stash.sh:424
 msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
-msgstr "Konflikte in der Bereitstellung. Versuche es ohne --index."
+msgstr "Konflikte in der Bereitstellung. Versuchen Sie es ohne --index."
 
 #: git-stash.sh:426
 msgid "Could not save index tree"
@@ -9430,243 +10027,372 @@ msgstr "Kein Zweigname spezifiziert"
 
 #: git-stash.sh:571
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
-msgstr "(Zur Wiederherstellung gebe \"git stash apply\" ein)"
+msgstr "(Zur Wiederherstellung geben Sie \"git stash apply\" ein)"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:89
+#: git-submodule.sh:91
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
 msgstr "Kann eine Komponente von URL '$remoteurl' nicht extrahieren"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:168
+#: git-submodule.sh:196
 #, sh-format
 msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 "Keine Unterprojekt-Zuordnung in .gitmodules für Pfad '$sm_path' gefunden"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:211
+#: git-submodule.sh:239
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
 msgstr "Klonen von '$url' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:223
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
 msgstr ""
 "Git-Verzeichnis '$a' ist Teil des Unterprojekt-Pfades '$b', oder umgekehrt"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:316
+#: git-submodule.sh:349
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr "repo URL: '$repo' muss absolut sein oder mit ./|../ beginnen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:333
+#: git-submodule.sh:366
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' existiert bereits in der Bereitstellung"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:337
+#: git-submodule.sh:370
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 "$sm_path\n"
 "Use -f if you really want to add it."
 msgstr ""
-"Der folgende Pfad wird durch eine deiner \".gitignore\" Dateien ignoriert:\n"
+"Der folgende Pfad wird durch eine Ihrer \".gitignore\" Dateien ignoriert:\n"
 "$sm_path\n"
-"Benutze -f wenn du diesen wirklich hinzufügen möchtest."
+"Benutzen Sie -f wenn Sie diesen wirklich hinzufügen möchten."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:355
+#: git-submodule.sh:388
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
 msgstr ""
 "Füge existierendes Projektarchiv in '$sm_path' der Bereitstellung hinzu."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:357
+#: git-submodule.sh:390
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' existiert bereits und ist kein gültiges Git-Projektarchiv"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:365
+#: git-submodule.sh:398
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
-msgstr "Ein Git-Verzeichnis für '$sm_name' wurde lokal gefunden mit den "
-"Fernarchiv(en):"
+msgstr ""
+"Ein Git-Verzeichnis für '$sm_name' wurde lokal gefunden mit den Fernarchiv"
+"(en):"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:367
+#: git-submodule.sh:400
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
 msgstr ""
-"Wenn du dieses lokale Git-Verzeichnis wiederverwenden möchtest, anstatt "
+"Wenn Sie dieses lokale Git-Verzeichnis wiederverwenden möchtest, anstatt "
 "erneut zu klonen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:369
+#: git-submodule.sh:402
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
 msgstr ""
-"benutze die Option '--force'. Wenn das lokale Git-Verzeichnis nicht das "
+"benutzen Sie die Option '--force'. Wenn das lokale Git-Verzeichnis nicht das "
 "korrekte Projektarchiv ist"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:370
+#: git-submodule.sh:403
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
 "option."
 msgstr ""
-"oder du dir unsicher bist, was das bedeutet, wähle einen anderen Namen mit "
-"der Option '--name'."
+"oder Sie sich unsicher sind, was das bedeutet, wählen Sie einen anderen "
+"Namenmit der Option '--name'."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:372
+#: git-submodule.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
 msgstr "Reaktiviere lokales Git-Verzeichnis für Unterprojekt '$sm_name'."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:384
+#: git-submodule.sh:417
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Unfähig Unterprojekt '$sm_path' auszuchecken"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:389
+#: git-submodule.sh:422
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Hinzufügen von Unterprojekt '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:394
+#: git-submodule.sh:431
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Registierung von Unterprojekt '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Eintragen von Unterprojekt '$sm_path' in die Konfiguration."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:474
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Betrete '$prefix$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:451
+#: git-submodule.sh:488
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
 msgstr "Stoppe bei '$sm_path'; Skript gab nicht-Null Status zurück."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:495
+#: git-submodule.sh:532
 #, sh-format
 msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
 msgstr "Keine URL für Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' in .gitmodules gefunden"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:504
+#: git-submodule.sh:541
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Registrierung der URL für Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Eintragen der URL für Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' in die "
+"Konfiguration."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:506
+#: git-submodule.sh:543
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Unterprojekt '$name' ($url) ist für Pfad '$sm_path' registriert"
+msgstr ""
+"Unterprojekt '$name' ($url) für Pfad '$sm_path' in die Konfiguration "
+"eingetragen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:514
+#: git-submodule.sh:551
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
-"Registrierung des Aktualisierungsmodus für Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' "
-"fehlgeschlagen"
+"Fehler bei Änderung des Aktualisierungsmodus für Unterprojekt-Pfad "
+"'$sm_path' in der Konfiguration."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:588
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr ""
+"Verwenden Sie '.' wenn Sie wirklich alle Unterprojekte\n"
+"deinitialisieren möchten."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:603
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule work tree '$sm_path' contains a .git directory"
+msgstr ""
+"Arbeitsbaum des Unterprojekts in '$sm_path' enthält ein .git-Verzeichnis"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:604
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"(benutzen Sie 'rm -rf' wenn Sie dieses Unterprojekt wirklich mitsamt\n"
+"seiner Historie löschen möchten)"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '$sm_path' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
+"discard them"
+msgstr ""
+"Arbeitsbaum von Unterprojekt in '$sm_path' enthält lokale Änderungen; "
+"verwenden Sie '-f' um diese zu verwerfen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:613
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Verzeichnis '$sm_path' bereinigt."
 
 #: git-submodule.sh:614
 #, sh-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Konnte Arbeitsbaum des Unterprojektes in '$sm_path' nicht löschen."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte kein leeres Verzeichnis für Unterprojekt in '$sm_path' erstellen."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:626
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Unterprojekt '$name' ($url) für Pfad '$sm_path' wurde aus der Konfiguration "
+"entfernt."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:731
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path' not initialized\n"
 "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
 msgstr ""
-"Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' ist nicht initialisiert\n"
-"Vielleicht möchtest du 'update --init' benutzen?"
+"Unterprojekt-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path' ist nicht initialisiert.\n"
+"Vielleicht möchten Sie 'update --init' benutzen?"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:627
+#: git-submodule.sh:744
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Konnte aktuelle Version in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' nicht finden"
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte aktuelle Revision in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path' nicht finden."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#: git-submodule.sh:753
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Konnte in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' nicht anfordern"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:660
+#: git-submodule.sh:777
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Konnte in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path' nicht anfordern"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Neuaufbau von '$sha1' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' nicht möglich"
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Neuaufbau von '$sha1' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path' nicht möglich"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:661
+#: git-submodule.sh:792
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path': neu aufgebaut in '$sha1'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Unterprojekt-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path': neu aufgebaut in '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:666
+#: git-submodule.sh:797
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
-"Zusammenführung von '$sha1' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
+"Zusammenführung von '$sha1' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path' "
+"fehlgeschlagen"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:667
+#: git-submodule.sh:798
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path': zusammengeführt in '$sha1'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Unterprojekt-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path': zusammengeführt in '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:672
+#: git-submodule.sh:803
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Konnte '$sha1' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' nicht auschecken."
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte '$sha1' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path' nicht auschecken."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:673
+#: git-submodule.sh:804
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Unterprojekt-Pfad: '$sm_path': '$sha1' ausgecheckt"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Unterprojekt-Pfad: '$prefix$sm_path': '$sha1' ausgecheckt"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:695 git-submodule.sh:1017
+#: git-submodule.sh:831
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$prefix$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:803
+#: git-submodule.sh:939
 msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
-msgstr "Die --cached Option kann nicht mit der --files Option benutzt werden"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen --cached und --files können nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden."
 
 #. unexpected type
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#: git-submodule.sh:979
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
 msgstr "unerwarteter Modus $mod_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:861
+#: git-submodule.sh:997
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
 msgstr "  Warnung: $name beinhaltet nicht Version $sha1_src"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:864
+#: git-submodule.sh:1000
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
 msgstr "  Warnung: $name beinhaltet nicht Version $sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:867
+#: git-submodule.sh:1003
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
 "  Warnung: $name beinhaltet nicht die Versionen $sha1_src und $sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:892
+#: git-submodule.sh:1028
 msgid "blob"
 msgstr "Blob"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:930
-msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
-msgstr "# Unterprojekte geändert, aber nicht aktualisiert:"
+#: git-submodule.sh:1066
+msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "Unterprojekte geändert, aber nicht aktualisiert:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:932
-msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
-msgstr "# Änderungen in Unterprojekt zum Eintragen:"
+#: git-submodule.sh:1068
+msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Änderungen in Unterprojekt zum Eintragen:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1080
+#: git-submodule.sh:1153
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1216
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Synchronisiere Unterprojekt-URL für '$prefix$sm_path'"
 
+#~ msgid "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files.  'status -uno'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Es dauerte %.2f Sekunden die unbeobachteten Dateien zu bestimmen.'status -"
+#~ "uno'"
+
+#~ msgid "may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add"
+#~ msgstr "könnte das beschleunigen, aber Sie müssen darauf achten, neue"
+
+#~ msgid "new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+#~ msgstr "Dateien selbstständig hinzuzufügen (siehe 'git help status')."
+
+#~ msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] "
+#~ "[<Versionsidentifikation>... ]"
+
+#~ msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Siehe 'git help <Kommando>' für weitere Informationen zu einem "
+#~ "spezifischen Kommando"
+
+#~ msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
+#~ msgstr "verwendet alle Referenzen in .git/refs"
+
+#~ msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
+#~ msgstr "verwendet alle Markierungen in .git/refs/tags"
+
+#~ msgid "bad object %s"
+#~ msgstr "ungültiges Objekt %s"
+
+#~ msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+#~ msgstr "unechte Einreicher-Informationen %s"
+
+#~ msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+#~ msgstr "konnte Datei-Deskriptor für Ausgabe von 'show' nicht öffnen"
+
+#~ msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Schließen der Verbindung zu 'show' ist für Objekt '%s' fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#~ msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+#~ msgstr "Sie haben keine gültige Zweigspitze (HEAD)"
+
+#~ msgid "oops"
+#~ msgstr "Ups"
+
+#~ msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "Würde '%s' nicht löschen\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "Entferne nicht %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not read index"
+#~ msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellung nicht lesen"
+
 #~ msgid " 0 files changed"
 #~ msgstr " 0 Dateien geändert"
 
diff --git a/po/git.pot b/po/git.pot
index 430d033..4a9d4ef 100644
--- a/po/git.pot
+++ b/po/git.pot
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-11-30 12:40+0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-04-30 08:25+0800\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=INTEGER; plural=EXPRESSION;\n"
 
-#: advice.c:40
+#: advice.c:53
 #, c-format
 msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
 msgstr ""
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
 #. * other commands doing a merge do.
 #.
-#: advice.c:70
+#: advice.c:83
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
 "and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
@@ -52,80 +52,194 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:322
+#: archive.c:323
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:322
+#: archive.c:323
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:323 builtin/log.c:1084
+#: archive.c:324 builtin/log.c:1126
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:324
+#: archive.c:325
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:325 builtin/archive.c:91 builtin/blame.c:2390
-#: builtin/blame.c:2391 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:642
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:644 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:494 builtin/ls-files.c:497 builtin/notes.c:540
-#: builtin/notes.c:697 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
+#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2371
+#: builtin/blame.c:2372 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:665
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:667 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:490 builtin/ls-files.c:493 builtin/notes.c:536
+#: builtin/notes.c:693 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
 msgid "file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:92
+#: archive.c:327 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:328
+#: archive.c:329
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:329
+#: archive.c:330
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:330
+#: archive.c:331
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:331
+#: archive.c:332
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:339
+#: archive.c:340
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:342
+#: archive.c:343
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:344 builtin/archive.c:93 builtin/clone.c:85
+#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:94
+#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:95 builtin/notes.c:619
+#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:615
 msgid "command"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:96
+#: archive.c:348 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: attr.c:259
 msgid ""
-"Negative patterns are forbidden in git attributes\n"
+"Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
 msgstr ""
 
+#: branch.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:87
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "Tracking not set up: name too long: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:195
+msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:203
+#, c-format
+msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:205
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
+"branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to\n"
+"run \"git fetch\" to retrieve it.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you are planning to push out a new local branch that\n"
+"will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
+"\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:281
+msgid "Failed to lock ref for update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: branch.c:299
+msgid "Failed to write ref"
+msgstr ""
+
 #: bundle.c:36
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
@@ -136,7 +250,7 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:674
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:676
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr ""
@@ -145,27 +259,27 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:562 sequencer.c:994 builtin/log.c:290
-#: builtin/log.c:732 builtin/log.c:1319 builtin/log.c:1535 builtin/merge.c:347
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:651 sequencer.c:1101 builtin/log.c:300
+#: builtin/log.c:770 builtin/log.c:1344 builtin/log.c:1570 builtin/merge.c:349
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:155
 msgid "revision walk setup failed"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: bundle.c:186
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
+msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:193
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: bundle.c:195
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
@@ -173,7 +287,7 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1215 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1255 builtin/shortlog.c:258
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr ""
@@ -299,41 +413,41 @@ msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: diff.c:111
+#: diff.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:116
+#: diff.c:117
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:194
+#: diff.c:210
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:237
+#: diff.c:260
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:3494
+#: diff.c:3481
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: diff.c:3508
+#: diff.c:3495
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:59
+#: gpg-interface.c:59 gpg-interface.c:131
 msgid "could not run gpg."
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -345,17 +459,27 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: grep.c:1622
+#: gpg-interface.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1623
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: grep.c:1639
+#: grep.c:1640
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: grep.c:1650
+#: grep.c:1651
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': short read %s"
 msgstr ""
@@ -369,35 +493,39 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:275
+#: help.c:235
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
 "able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:332
+#: help.c:349
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:354
+#: help.c:371
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
 "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:359
+#: help.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:366
+#: help.c:383
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: help.c:370
+#: help.c:387
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -411,8 +539,8 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:333 builtin/checkout.c:534
-#: builtin/clone.c:586
+#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:365 builtin/checkout.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:645
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -461,7 +589,7 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:302
+#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:313
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to open '%s'"
 msgstr ""
@@ -588,7 +716,7 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Auto-merging %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:893
+#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:1029
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -658,43 +786,62 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:643
+#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:658
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.c:494
+#: object.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.c:489
 msgid "..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.c:512
+#: parse-options.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
 #. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:516
+#: parse-options.c:511
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.c:519
+#: parse-options.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:1632
+#: parse-options.c:548
+msgid "-NUM"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: pathspec.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: pathspec.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1781
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: remote.c:1637
+#: remote.c:1787
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:1640
+#: remote.c:1790
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
@@ -702,11 +849,11 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: remote.c:1647
+#: remote.c:1798
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: remote.c:1650
+#: remote.c:1801
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -717,261 +864,267 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: remote.c:1659
+#: remote.c:1811
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:761 builtin/merge.c:874 builtin/merge.c:984
-#: builtin/merge.c:994
+#: sequencer.c:206 builtin/merge.c:776 builtin/merge.c:889 builtin/merge.c:999
+#: builtin/merge.c:1009
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:125 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:764 builtin/merge.c:986
-#: builtin/merge.c:999
+#: sequencer.c:208 builtin/merge.c:335 builtin/merge.c:779
+#: builtin/merge.c:1001 builtin/merge.c:1014
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:146
+#: sequencer.c:229
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:149
+#: sequencer.c:232
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
 "and commit the result with 'git commit'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:162 sequencer.c:770 sequencer.c:853
+#: sequencer.c:245 sequencer.c:859 sequencer.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not write to %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:165
+#: sequencer.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:180
+#: sequencer.c:263
 msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:182
+#: sequencer.c:265
 msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:185
+#: sequencer.c:268
 msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:235
+#: sequencer.c:319
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:266
+#: sequencer.c:350
 msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:287
+#: sequencer.c:371
 msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:332
+#: sequencer.c:416
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:337
+#: sequencer.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:403
+#: sequencer.c:487
 msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:406
-msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: sequencer.c:421
+#: sequencer.c:506
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:429
+#: sequencer.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:433
+#: sequencer.c:518
 #, c-format
 msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
 #. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:444
+#: sequencer.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:448
+#: sequencer.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:532
+#: sequencer.c:621
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:533
+#: sequencer.c:622
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:565
+#: sequencer.c:654
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:573
+#: sequencer.c:662
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:578
+#: sequencer.c:667
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:636
+#: sequencer.c:725
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:658
+#: sequencer.c:747
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse line %d."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:663
+#: sequencer.c:752
 msgid "No commits parsed."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:676
+#: sequencer.c:765
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:680
+#: sequencer.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:687
+#: sequencer.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:715
+#: sequencer.c:804
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid key: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:718
+#: sequencer.c:807
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:730
+#: sequencer.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:751
+#: sequencer.c:840
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:752
+#: sequencer.c:841
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:756
+#: sequencer.c:845
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:772 sequencer.c:857
+#: sequencer.c:861 sequencer.c:946
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:791 sequencer.c:925
+#: sequencer.c:880 sequencer.c:1014
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:793
+#: sequencer.c:882
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:795
+#: sequencer.c:884
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:817 builtin/apply.c:4005
+#: sequencer.c:906 builtin/apply.c:4060
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:820
+#: sequencer.c:909
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:821
+#: sequencer.c:910
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:827
+#: sequencer.c:916
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:850
+#: sequencer.c:939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not format %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:1012
+#: sequencer.c:1083
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: bad revision"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1119
 msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:1120
 msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1044
+#: sha1_name.c:1036
 msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1047
+#: sha1_name.c:1039
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1049
+#: sha1_name.c:1041
 #, c-format
 msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1052
+#: sha1_name.c:1044
 #, c-format
 msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
 msgstr ""
@@ -981,12 +1134,17 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wrapper.c:426
+#: wrapper.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wrapper.c:434
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wrapper.c:427
+#: wrapper.c:435
 msgid "no such user"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -1089,401 +1247,496 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:303
+#: wt-status.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "new file:   %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:306
+#: wt-status.c:309
 #, c-format
 msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:309
+#: wt-status.c:312
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleted:    %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:312
+#: wt-status.c:315
 #, c-format
 msgid "modified:   %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:315
+#: wt-status.c:318
 #, c-format
 msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:318
+#: wt-status.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "typechange: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:321
+#: wt-status.c:324
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown:    %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:324
+#: wt-status.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "unmerged:   %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:327
+#: wt-status.c:330
 #, c-format
 msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:785
+#: wt-status.c:803
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:788 wt-status.c:912
+#: wt-status.c:806 wt-status.c:958
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:791
+#: wt-status.c:809
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:794
+#: wt-status.c:812
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:804
+#: wt-status.c:822
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:807
+#: wt-status.c:825
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:811
+#: wt-status.c:829
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:813
+#: wt-status.c:831
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:815
+#: wt-status.c:833
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:873 wt-status.c:883
+#: wt-status.c:893 wt-status.c:910
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:898 wt-status.c:915
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:876
+#: wt-status.c:901
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:878
+#: wt-status.c:903
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:880
+#: wt-status.c:905
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:886
+#: wt-status.c:918
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:888
+#: wt-status.c:922
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:927
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:891
+#: wt-status.c:930
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:893
+#: wt-status.c:934
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:939
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:896
+#: wt-status.c:942
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:898
+#: wt-status.c:944
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:908
+#: wt-status.c:954
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:915
+#: wt-status.c:961
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:924
+#: wt-status.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:975
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:978
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:980
+msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:995
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:927
+#: wt-status.c:998
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:978
+#: wt-status.c:1173
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:985
+#: wt-status.c:1184
+msgid "HEAD detached at "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1186
+msgid "HEAD detached from "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1189
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:997
+#: wt-status.c:1206
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1011
+#: wt-status.c:1220
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1013
+#: wt-status.c:1222
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1015
+#: wt-status.c:1226
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
+"may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
+"new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1232
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1017
+#: wt-status.c:1234
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1023
+#: wt-status.c:1240
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1245
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1031
+#: wt-status.c:1248
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1034
+#: wt-status.c:1251
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
 "track)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1254
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1040
+#: wt-status.c:1257
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1043 wt-status.c:1048
+#: wt-status.c:1260 wt-status.c:1265
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1046
+#: wt-status.c:1263
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1050
+#: wt-status.c:1267
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1158
+#: wt-status.c:1375
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1164
+#: wt-status.c:1381
 msgid "Initial commit on "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1179
+#: wt-status.c:1396
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1182 wt-status.c:1185
+#: wt-status.c:1399 wt-status.c:1402
 msgid "ahead "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: wt-status.c:1187
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid ", behind "
 msgstr ""
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:341
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:19
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+#: builtin/add.c:20
+msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:62
+#.
+#. * To be consistent with "git add -p" and most Git
+#. * commands, we should default to being tree-wide, but
+#. * this is not the original behavior and can't be
+#. * changed until users trained themselves not to type
+#. * "git add -u" or "git add -A". For now, we warn and
+#. * keep the old behavior. Later, the behavior can be changed
+#. * to tree-wide, keeping the warning for a while, and
+#. * eventually we can drop the warning.
+#.
+#: builtin/add.c:58
 #, c-format
-msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgid ""
+"The behavior of 'git add %s (or %s)' with no path argument from a\n"
+"subdirectory of the tree will change in Git 2.0 and should not be used "
+"anymore.\n"
+"To add content for the whole tree, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s :/\n"
+"  (or git add %s :/)\n"
+"\n"
+"To restrict the command to the current directory, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s .\n"
+"  (or git add %s .)\n"
+"\n"
+"With the current Git version, the command is restricted to the current "
+"directory.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:231
-msgid "updating files failed"
+#: builtin/add.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You ran 'git add' with neither '-A (--all)' or '--ignore-removal',\n"
+"whose behaviour will change in Git 2.0 with respect to paths you removed.\n"
+"Paths like '%s' that are\n"
+"removed from your working tree are ignored with this version of Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>', which is the current default,\n"
+"  ignores paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --all <pathspec>' will let you also record the removals.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run 'git status' to check the paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:77
+#: builtin/add.c:144
 #, c-format
-msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:176
+#: builtin/add.c:149 builtin/commit.c:233
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:163
 #, c-format
-msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:192
+#: builtin/add.c:253
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:460 builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:256 builtin/add.c:572 builtin/rm.c:275
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/add.c:276
+#: builtin/add.c:339
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:290
+#: builtin/add.c:353
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:295
+#: builtin/add.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:297
+#: builtin/add.c:360
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:303
+#: builtin/add.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:313
+#: builtin/add.c:376
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:319 builtin/clean.c:52 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:388 builtin/remote.c:1253
+#: builtin/add.c:393 builtin/clean.c:161 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:425 builtin/remote.c:1253
 #: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:320 builtin/apply.c:4354 builtin/commit.c:1160
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:82 builtin/fsck.c:613 builtin/log.c:1483
-#: builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
+#: builtin/add.c:394 builtin/apply.c:4409 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
+#: builtin/commit.c:1152 builtin/count-objects.c:95 builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/log.c:1518 builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
 msgid "be verbose"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:322
+#: builtin/add.c:396
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:323 builtin/checkout.c:1031 builtin/reset.c:248
+#: builtin/add.c:397 builtin/checkout.c:1063 builtin/reset.c:258
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:324
+#: builtin/add.c:398
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:325
+#: builtin/add.c:399
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:326
+#: builtin/add.c:400
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:327
+#: builtin/add.c:401
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:328
+#: builtin/add.c:402
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#. takes no arguments
+#: builtin/add.c:405
+msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:407
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:330
+#: builtin/add.c:408
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:331
+#: builtin/add.c:409
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:353
+#: builtin/add.c:431
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:354
+#: builtin/add.c:432
 msgid "no files added"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:360
+#: builtin/add.c:438
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:392
+#: builtin/add.c:477
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:394
+#: builtin/add.c:495
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:414
+#: builtin/add.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:415
+#: builtin/add.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:421 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:291 builtin/mv.c:82
-#: builtin/rm.c:235
+#: builtin/add.c:532 builtin/check-ignore.c:66 builtin/clean.c:204
+#: builtin/commit.c:293 builtin/mv.c:82 builtin/rm.c:235
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:481 builtin/apply.c:4450 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
+#: builtin/add.c:604 builtin/apply.c:4505 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
 msgid "Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -1536,17 +1789,17 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1420
+#: builtin/apply.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1477
+#: builtin/apply.c:1479
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1494
+#: builtin/apply.c:1496
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
@@ -1557,400 +1810,396 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1654
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
 msgid "new file depends on old contents"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+#: builtin/apply.c:1658
 msgid "deleted file still has contents"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1682
+#: builtin/apply.c:1684
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1718
+#: builtin/apply.c:1720
 #, c-format
 msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1720
+#: builtin/apply.c:1722
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#: builtin/apply.c:1725
 #, c-format
 msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1869
+#: builtin/apply.c:1871
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
-#: builtin/apply.c:1898
+#: builtin/apply.c:1900
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1984
+#: builtin/apply.c:1986
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2074
+#: builtin/apply.c:2076
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2078
+#: builtin/apply.c:2080
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open or read %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2149
-msgid "oops"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2671
+#: builtin/apply.c:2688
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2789
+#: builtin/apply.c:2806
 #, c-format
 msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
 msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2801
+#: builtin/apply.c:2818
 #, c-format
 msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2807
+#: builtin/apply.c:2824
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "while searching for:\n"
 "%.*s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2826
+#: builtin/apply.c:2843
 #, c-format
 msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2929
+#: builtin/apply.c:2946
 #, c-format
 msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2935
+#: builtin/apply.c:2952
 #, c-format
 msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2956
+#: builtin/apply.c:2973
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3078
+#: builtin/apply.c:3095
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot checkout %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3123 builtin/apply.c:3132 builtin/apply.c:3176
+#: builtin/apply.c:3140 builtin/apply.c:3149 builtin/apply.c:3193
 #, c-format
 msgid "read of %s failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3156 builtin/apply.c:3378
+#: builtin/apply.c:3173 builtin/apply.c:3395
 #, c-format
 msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3237 builtin/apply.c:3392
+#: builtin/apply.c:3254 builtin/apply.c:3409
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3241 builtin/apply.c:3384 builtin/apply.c:3406
+#: builtin/apply.c:3258 builtin/apply.c:3401 builtin/apply.c:3423
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3246 builtin/apply.c:3400
+#: builtin/apply.c:3263 builtin/apply.c:3417
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: does not match index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3348
+#: builtin/apply.c:3365
 msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3417
+#: builtin/apply.c:3434
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: wrong type"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3419
+#: builtin/apply.c:3436
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3520
+#: builtin/apply.c:3537
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: already exists in index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3523
+#: builtin/apply.c:3540
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3543
+#: builtin/apply.c:3560
 #, c-format
 msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#: builtin/apply.c:3565
 #, c-format
 msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3556
+#: builtin/apply.c:3573
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3569
+#: builtin/apply.c:3586
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking patch %s..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3624 builtin/checkout.c:215 builtin/reset.c:158
+#: builtin/apply.c:3679 builtin/checkout.c:216 builtin/reset.c:124
 #, c-format
 msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3767
+#: builtin/apply.c:3822
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3795
+#: builtin/apply.c:3850
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3799
+#: builtin/apply.c:3854
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3804
+#: builtin/apply.c:3859
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3807 builtin/apply.c:3915
+#: builtin/apply.c:3862 builtin/apply.c:3970
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+#: builtin/apply.c:3895
 #, c-format
 msgid "closing file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#: builtin/apply.c:3944
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+#: builtin/apply.c:4031
 #, c-format
 msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3984
+#: builtin/apply.c:4039
 msgid "internal error"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. Say this even without --verbose
-#: builtin/apply.c:3987
+#: builtin/apply.c:4042
 #, c-format
 msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
 msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3997
+#: builtin/apply.c:4052
 #, c-format
 msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+#: builtin/apply.c:4073
 #, c-format
 msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+#: builtin/apply.c:4076
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4171
+#: builtin/apply.c:4226
 msgid "unrecognized input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4182
+#: builtin/apply.c:4237
 msgid "unable to read index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4301 builtin/apply.c:4304 builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/apply.c:4356 builtin/apply.c:4359 builtin/clone.c:92
 #: builtin/fetch.c:63
 msgid "path"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4302
+#: builtin/apply.c:4357
 msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4305
+#: builtin/apply.c:4360
 msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4307
+#: builtin/apply.c:4362
 msgid "num"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4308
+#: builtin/apply.c:4363
 msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4311
+#: builtin/apply.c:4366
 msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4313
+#: builtin/apply.c:4368
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4317
+#: builtin/apply.c:4372
 msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4319
+#: builtin/apply.c:4374
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4321
+#: builtin/apply.c:4376
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4323
+#: builtin/apply.c:4378
 msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4325
+#: builtin/apply.c:4380
 msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4327
+#: builtin/apply.c:4382
 msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4329
+#: builtin/apply.c:4384
 msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4331
+#: builtin/apply.c:4386
 msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4333 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/apply.c:4388 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:456
 msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4336
+#: builtin/apply.c:4391
 msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4337
+#: builtin/apply.c:4392
 msgid "action"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4338
+#: builtin/apply.c:4393
 msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4341 builtin/apply.c:4344
+#: builtin/apply.c:4396 builtin/apply.c:4399
 msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4347
+#: builtin/apply.c:4402
 msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4349
+#: builtin/apply.c:4404
 msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4351
+#: builtin/apply.c:4406
 msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4353
+#: builtin/apply.c:4408
 msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4356
+#: builtin/apply.c:4411
 msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4359
+#: builtin/apply.c:4414
 msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4361
+#: builtin/apply.c:4416
 msgid "root"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362
+#: builtin/apply.c:4417
 msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
+#: builtin/apply.c:4439
 msgid "--3way outside a repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
+#: builtin/apply.c:4447
 msgid "--index outside a repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4395
+#: builtin/apply.c:4450
 msgid "--cached outside a repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4411
+#: builtin/apply.c:4466
 #, c-format
 msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4425
+#: builtin/apply.c:4480
 #, c-format
 msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
 msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4431 builtin/apply.c:4441
+#: builtin/apply.c:4486 builtin/apply.c:4496
 #, c-format
 msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
 msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
@@ -1974,21 +2223,21 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote error: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:66
+#: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:71
+#: builtin/archive.c:68
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -2008,395 +2257,472 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30 builtin/shortlog.c:15
+#: builtin/blame.c:30
 msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2374
+#: builtin/blame.c:2355
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2375
+#: builtin/blame.c:2356
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2376
+#: builtin/blame.c:2357
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2377
+#: builtin/blame.c:2358
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2378
+#: builtin/blame.c:2359
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2379
+#: builtin/blame.c:2360
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2380
+#: builtin/blame.c:2361
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2381
+#: builtin/blame.c:2362
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2382
+#: builtin/blame.c:2363
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2383
+#: builtin/blame.c:2364
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2384
+#: builtin/blame.c:2365
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2385
+#: builtin/blame.c:2366
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2386
+#: builtin/blame.c:2367
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2387
+#: builtin/blame.c:2368
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2388
+#: builtin/blame.c:2369
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2389
+#: builtin/blame.c:2370
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2390
+#: builtin/blame.c:2371
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2391
+#: builtin/blame.c:2372
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2392 builtin/blame.c:2393
+#: builtin/blame.c:2373 builtin/blame.c:2374
 msgid "score"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2392
+#: builtin/blame.c:2373
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2393
+#: builtin/blame.c:2374
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:23
+#: builtin/branch.c:24
 msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
+#: builtin/branch.c:25
 msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
 msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
 msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:145
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
 "         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:149
+#: builtin/branch.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
 "         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:163
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:167
+#: builtin/branch.c:172
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
 "If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:180
+#: builtin/branch.c:185
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:208
+#: builtin/branch.c:213
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:214
+#: builtin/branch.c:219
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:222
+#: builtin/branch.c:227
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:235
+#: builtin/branch.c:240
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:236
+#: builtin/branch.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:250
+#: builtin/branch.c:255
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:251
+#: builtin/branch.c:256
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:258
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:259
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:361
+#: builtin/branch.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:433
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:435
+#: builtin/branch.c:455
 #, c-format
 msgid "[behind %d]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:439
+#: builtin/branch.c:459
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:441
+#: builtin/branch.c:461
 #, c-format
 msgid "[ahead %d]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:444
+#: builtin/branch.c:464
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:447
+#: builtin/branch.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:560
+#: builtin/branch.c:490
+msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:582
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:585
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "(detached from %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "(no branch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:625
+#: builtin/branch.c:637
+#, c-format
+msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:669
 msgid "some refs could not be read"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:638
+#: builtin/branch.c:682
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:648
+#: builtin/branch.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:663
+#: builtin/branch.c:707
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:667
+#: builtin/branch.c:711
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:671
+#: builtin/branch.c:715
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:678
+#: builtin/branch.c:722
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:693
+#: builtin/branch.c:737
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed object name %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:717
+#: builtin/branch.c:761
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:747
+#: builtin/branch.c:791
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:749
+#: builtin/branch.c:793
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:750
+#: builtin/branch.c:794
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:751
+#: builtin/branch.c:795
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:753
+#: builtin/branch.c:797
 msgid "change upstream info"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:757
+#: builtin/branch.c:801
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:758
+#: builtin/branch.c:802
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:761 builtin/branch.c:767 builtin/branch.c:788
-#: builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/commit.c:1377
-#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/tag.c:470
+#: builtin/branch.c:805 builtin/branch.c:811 builtin/branch.c:832
+#: builtin/branch.c:838 builtin/commit.c:1368 builtin/commit.c:1369
+#: builtin/commit.c:1370 builtin/commit.c:1371 builtin/tag.c:468
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:762 builtin/branch.c:768
+#: builtin/branch.c:806 builtin/branch.c:812
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:774
+#: builtin/branch.c:818
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:775
+#: builtin/branch.c:819
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:777
+#: builtin/branch.c:821
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:778
+#: builtin/branch.c:822
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:779
+#: builtin/branch.c:823
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:780
+#: builtin/branch.c:824
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:781
+#: builtin/branch.c:825
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:782
+#: builtin/branch.c:826
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:784
+#: builtin/branch.c:828
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:785
+#: builtin/branch.c:829
 msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:788
+#: builtin/branch.c:832
 msgid "print only not merged branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:794
+#: builtin/branch.c:838
 msgid "print only merged branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:798
+#: builtin/branch.c:842
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:811
+#: builtin/branch.c:855
 msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816 builtin/clone.c:561
+#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/clone.c:619
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:836
+#: builtin/branch.c:883
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:887
+#: builtin/branch.c:889 builtin/branch.c:928
+msgid "branch name required"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:904
+msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:909
+msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:919
+#, c-format
+msgid "No branch named '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:934
+msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:939
+msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:946 builtin/branch.c:968 builtin/branch.c:990
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:950
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:899
+#: builtin/branch.c:962
+msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:966
+msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914
+#: builtin/branch.c:987
+msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:993
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:917
+#: builtin/branch.c:996
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
 "track or --set-upstream-to\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:1013
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -2404,12 +2730,12 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:935
+#: builtin/branch.c:1014
 #, c-format
 msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:936
+#: builtin/branch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
 msgstr ""
@@ -2427,43 +2753,43 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:247
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:176
 msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:248
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:177
 msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:266
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:195
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:267
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:196
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:268
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:197
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:270
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:199
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:271
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:200
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:273
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:202
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:275
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:204
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:278
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:207
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -2483,14 +2809,38 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/hash-object.c:75
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:75
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
 msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
 msgstr ""
 
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1044 builtin/gc.c:177
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:146
+msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:149
+msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:151
+msgid "no path specified"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:155
+msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
+msgstr ""
+
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
 msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
@@ -2543,106 +2893,106 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#: builtin/checkout.c:117 builtin/checkout.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:118 builtin/checkout.c:151
+#: builtin/checkout.c:119 builtin/checkout.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134
+#: builtin/checkout.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:178
+#: builtin/checkout.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout.c:196
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:213
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/checkout.c:239 builtin/checkout.c:242
-#: builtin/checkout.c:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:237 builtin/checkout.c:240 builtin/checkout.c:243
+#: builtin/checkout.c:246
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:248 builtin/checkout.c:251
+#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:254
+#: builtin/checkout.c:255
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:426
+#: builtin/checkout.c:266 builtin/checkout.c:458
 msgid "corrupt index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:302
+#: builtin/checkout.c:329 builtin/checkout.c:336
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:448
+#: builtin/checkout.c:480
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:569
+#: builtin/checkout.c:601
 #, c-format
 msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:602
+#: builtin/checkout.c:634
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:609
+#: builtin/checkout.c:641
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:612
+#: builtin/checkout.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:616
+#: builtin/checkout.c:648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:618 builtin/checkout.c:955
+#: builtin/checkout.c:650 builtin/checkout.c:987
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:620
+#: builtin/checkout.c:652
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:676
+#: builtin/checkout.c:708
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. The singular version
-#: builtin/checkout.c:682
+#: builtin/checkout.c:714
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -2657,7 +3007,7 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:700
+#: builtin/checkout.c:732
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
@@ -2667,431 +3017,450 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:730
+#: builtin/checkout.c:762
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:734
+#: builtin/checkout.c:766
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:761 builtin/checkout.c:950
+#: builtin/checkout.c:793 builtin/checkout.c:982
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. case (1)
-#: builtin/checkout.c:886
+#: builtin/checkout.c:918
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. case (1): want a tree
-#: builtin/checkout.c:925
+#: builtin/checkout.c:957
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:964
+#: builtin/checkout.c:996
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:967 builtin/checkout.c:971
+#: builtin/checkout.c:999 builtin/checkout.c:1003
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:975 builtin/checkout.c:978 builtin/checkout.c:983
-#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1007 builtin/checkout.c:1010 builtin/checkout.c:1015
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1023
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1012 builtin/gc.c:177
-msgid "suppress progress reporting"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1013 builtin/checkout.c:1015 builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1045 builtin/checkout.c:1047 builtin/clone.c:90
 #: builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/remote.c:171
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1014
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1046
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1048
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1017
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1049
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1050
 msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1051
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
 msgid "new branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1022
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1054
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1024
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1056
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1026
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1027
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1028 builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1060 builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1029 builtin/log.c:1116 parse-options.h:241
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1061 builtin/log.c:1158 parse-options.h:245
 msgid "style"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1030
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1062
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1033
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1065
+msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1067
 msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1057
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1091
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1108
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1150
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1157
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
 "Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1162
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1166
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:19
+#: builtin/clean.c:20
 msgid "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:51
+#: builtin/clean.c:24
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:25
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:26
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:27
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:28
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:160
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:53
+#: builtin/clean.c:162
 msgid "force"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:55
+#: builtin/clean.c:164
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:56 builtin/describe.c:413 builtin/grep.c:717
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:491 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
+#: builtin/clean.c:165 builtin/describe.c:412 builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:487 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:57
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:58
+#: builtin/clean.c:167
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:60
+#: builtin/clean.c:169
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:78
+#: builtin/clean.c:187
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:82
+#: builtin/clean.c:191
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:85
+#: builtin/clean.c:194
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
-#, c-format
-msgid "Would remove %s\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
-#, c-format
-msgid "Removing %s\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to remove %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:166
-#, c-format
-msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:168
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not removing %s\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:36
+#: builtin/clone.c:37
 msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:64 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:212
-#: builtin/push.c:399
+#: builtin/clone.c:65 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/push.c:436
 msgid "force progress reporting"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:66
+#: builtin/clone.c:67
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:67 builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/init-db.c:488
+#: builtin/clone.c:68 builtin/clone.c:70 builtin/init-db.c:488
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:72
+#: builtin/clone.c:73
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:74
+#: builtin/clone.c:75
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:76
+#: builtin/clone.c:77
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:78
+#: builtin/clone.c:79
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:86
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
 msgid "name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88
+#: builtin/clone.c:89
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:90
+#: builtin/clone.c:91
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:92
+#: builtin/clone.c:93
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
+#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94
+#: builtin/clone.c:95
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:96
+#: builtin/clone.c:97
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:494
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+#: builtin/clone.c:99 builtin/init-db.c:495
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100
+#: builtin/clone.c:101
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#: builtin/clone.c:254
 #, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#: builtin/clone.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:319 builtin/diff.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#: builtin/clone.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#: builtin/clone.c:335
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#: builtin/clone.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#: builtin/clone.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#: builtin/clone.c:384
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:443
+#: builtin/clone.c:397
+msgid ""
+"Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
+"You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
+"and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:476
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:552
+#: builtin/clone.c:550
+msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:610
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:690
+#: builtin/clone.c:641
+msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:749
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:694
+#: builtin/clone.c:753
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:705
+#: builtin/clone.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:719
+#: builtin/clone.c:767
+msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:780
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:724
+#: builtin/clone.c:785
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:734
+#: builtin/clone.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:744
+#: builtin/clone.c:805
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:757 builtin/clone.c:771
+#: builtin/clone.c:818 builtin/clone.c:830
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:760
+#: builtin/clone.c:821
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:779
+#: builtin/clone.c:840
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:781
+#: builtin/clone.c:842
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:823
+#: builtin/clone.c:877
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:926
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:879
+#: builtin/clone.c:933
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -3128,11 +3497,11 @@ msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:34
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:39
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:44
@@ -3166,93 +3535,93 @@ msgid ""
 "Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:258
+#: builtin/commit.c:260
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:300
+#: builtin/commit.c:302
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:306
+#: builtin/commit.c:308
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:339 builtin/commit.c:360 builtin/commit.c:410
+#: builtin/commit.c:341 builtin/commit.c:362 builtin/commit.c:412
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:391
+#: builtin/commit.c:393
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:393
+#: builtin/commit.c:395
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:403
+#: builtin/commit.c:405
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:423
+#: builtin/commit.c:425
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:511 builtin/commit.c:517
+#: builtin/commit.c:513 builtin/commit.c:519
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid commit: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:540
+#: builtin/commit.c:542
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:560
+#: builtin/commit.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:598 builtin/commit.c:631 builtin/commit.c:954
+#: builtin/commit.c:600 builtin/commit.c:633 builtin/commit.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:610 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#: builtin/commit.c:612 builtin/shortlog.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:612
+#: builtin/commit.c:614
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:616
+#: builtin/commit.c:618
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:622
+#: builtin/commit.c:624
 msgid "commit has empty message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:638
+#: builtin/commit.c:640
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:642
+#: builtin/commit.c:644
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:646
+#: builtin/commit.c:648
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:707
+#: builtin/commit.c:709
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:718
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -3262,7 +3631,7 @@ msgid ""
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:723
+#: builtin/commit.c:725
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -3272,364 +3641,366 @@ msgid ""
 "and try again.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:735
+#: builtin/commit.c:737
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+"with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:740
+#: builtin/commit.c:742
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
 "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:753
+#: builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:760
+#: builtin/commit.c:762
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:780
+#: builtin/commit.c:782
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:817
+#: builtin/commit.c:819
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832 builtin/tag.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:834 builtin/tag.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:929
+#: builtin/commit.c:931
 #, c-format
 msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:944 builtin/commit.c:1148
+#: builtin/commit.c:946 builtin/commit.c:1140
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:984
+#: builtin/commit.c:976
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:995
+#: builtin/commit.c:987
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:998
+#: builtin/commit.c:990
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1000
+#: builtin/commit.c:992
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1003
+#: builtin/commit.c:995
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1013
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1015
+#: builtin/commit.c:1007
 msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1023
+#: builtin/commit.c:1015
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1040
+#: builtin/commit.c:1032
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1042
+#: builtin/commit.c:1034
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1044
+#: builtin/commit.c:1036
 msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1046
+#: builtin/commit.c:1038
 msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1056 builtin/tag.c:577
+#: builtin/commit.c:1048 builtin/tag.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1061
+#: builtin/commit.c:1053
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1067 builtin/commit.c:1202
+#: builtin/commit.c:1059 builtin/commit.c:1194
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1162 builtin/commit.c:1398
+#: builtin/commit.c:1154 builtin/commit.c:1390
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1400
+#: builtin/commit.c:1156 builtin/commit.c:1392
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/push.c:389
+#: builtin/commit.c:1158 builtin/commit.c:1394 builtin/push.c:426
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1169 builtin/commit.c:1404
+#: builtin/commit.c:1161 builtin/commit.c:1396
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1172 builtin/commit.c:1407
+#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1399
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1174 builtin/commit.c:1410 builtin/fast-export.c:636
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:639 builtin/tag.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/fast-export.c:659
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:662 builtin/tag.c:459
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1175 builtin/commit.c:1410
+#: builtin/commit.c:1167 builtin/commit.c:1402
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1170
 msgid "show ignored files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1179 parse-options.h:151
+#: builtin/commit.c:1171 parse-options.h:151
 msgid "when"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1180
+#: builtin/commit.c:1172
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1182
+#: builtin/commit.c:1174
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1256
+#: builtin/commit.c:1248
 msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1258
+#: builtin/commit.c:1250
 msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1299
+#: builtin/commit.c:1291
 msgid "detached HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1301
+#: builtin/commit.c:1293
 msgid " (root-commit)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1368
+#: builtin/commit.c:1360
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1369
+#: builtin/commit.c:1361
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1371
+#: builtin/commit.c:1363
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1372 builtin/tag.c:459
+#: builtin/commit.c:1364 builtin/tag.c:457
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365
 msgid "author"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1374 builtin/gc.c:178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1366 builtin/gc.c:178
 msgid "date"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1374
+#: builtin/commit.c:1366
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1375 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/notes.c:537
-#: builtin/notes.c:694 builtin/tag.c:457
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367 builtin/merge.c:208 builtin/notes.c:533
+#: builtin/notes.c:690 builtin/tag.c:455
 msgid "message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1375
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1376
+#: builtin/commit.c:1368
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1377
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1378
+#: builtin/commit.c:1370
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1379
+#: builtin/commit.c:1371
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1380
+#: builtin/commit.c:1372
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1381 builtin/log.c:1073 builtin/revert.c:109
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373 builtin/log.c:1113 builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1382
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374
 msgid "use specified template file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1383
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1384
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376
 msgid "default"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1384 builtin/tag.c:462
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1385
+#: builtin/commit.c:1377
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1386 builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/tag.c:463
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/merge.c:215 builtin/tag.c:461
 msgid "key id"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1387 builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/merge.c:216
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. end commit message options
-#: builtin/commit.c:1390
+#: builtin/commit.c:1382
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1391
+#: builtin/commit.c:1383
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1393
+#: builtin/commit.c:1385
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1394
+#: builtin/commit.c:1386
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1395
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1396
+#: builtin/commit.c:1388
 msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1397
+#: builtin/commit.c:1389
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1408
+#: builtin/commit.c:1400
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1409
+#: builtin/commit.c:1401
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1414
+#: builtin/commit.c:1406
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1417
+#: builtin/commit.c:1409
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1449
+#: builtin/commit.c:1441
 msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1487 builtin/merge.c:508
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479 builtin/merge.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/commit.c:1486
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1501
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1520
+#: builtin/commit.c:1512
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1534
+#: builtin/commit.c:1526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+#: builtin/commit.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1554 builtin/merge.c:832 builtin/merge.c:857
+#: builtin/commit.c:1546 builtin/merge.c:847 builtin/merge.c:872
 msgid "failed to write commit object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1575
+#: builtin/commit.c:1567
 msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1571
 msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1582
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
@@ -3752,8 +4123,12 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:69
-msgid "git count-objects [-v]"
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:82
+msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:97
+msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:15
@@ -3764,125 +4139,125 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#: builtin/describe.c:233
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:237
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#: builtin/describe.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#: builtin/describe.c:266
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:269
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#: builtin/describe.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#: builtin/describe.c:288
 #, c-format
 msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#: builtin/describe.c:328
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#: builtin/describe.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#: builtin/describe.c:356
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
 "Try --always, or create some tags."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#: builtin/describe.c:377
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#: builtin/describe.c:380
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
 "gave up search at %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:403
+#: builtin/describe.c:402
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:403
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:405
-msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
+#: builtin/describe.c:404
+msgid "use any ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:406
-msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
+#: builtin/describe.c:405
+msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:407
+#: builtin/describe.c:406
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410
+#: builtin/describe.c:409
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:411
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:414
+#: builtin/describe.c:413
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:416 builtin/name-rev.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:415 builtin/name-rev.c:238
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:417
+#: builtin/describe.c:416
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:418
+#: builtin/describe.c:417
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:436
+#: builtin/describe.c:435
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:462
+#: builtin/describe.c:461
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:482
+#: builtin/describe.c:481
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -3924,39 +4299,39 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:635
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:658
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:637
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:660
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:640
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:663
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:643
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:666
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:645
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:668
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:647
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:670
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:649
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:672
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:651
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:674
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:652
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:675
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -4028,166 +4403,178 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:85 builtin/log.c:1088
+#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:88 builtin/log.c:1130
 msgid "dir"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+#: builtin/fetch.c:89
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:89
+#: builtin/fetch.c:92
 msgid "default mode for recursion"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:201
+#: builtin/fetch.c:204
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:254
+#: builtin/fetch.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+#: builtin/fetch.c:262
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:273
+#: builtin/fetch.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:274 builtin/fetch.c:360
+#: builtin/fetch.c:277 builtin/fetch.c:363
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+#: builtin/fetch.c:288
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:287 builtin/fetch.c:322 builtin/fetch.c:340
+#: builtin/fetch.c:290 builtin/fetch.c:325 builtin/fetch.c:343
 msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+#: builtin/fetch.c:314
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+#: builtin/fetch.c:359
 msgid "unable to update local ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+#: builtin/fetch.c:359
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:362
+#: builtin/fetch.c:365
 msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:393 builtin/fetch.c:685
+#: builtin/fetch.c:396 builtin/fetch.c:688
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#: builtin/fetch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#: builtin/fetch.c:491
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#: builtin/fetch.c:502
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
 " 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#: builtin/fetch.c:552
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#: builtin/fetch.c:553
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:558 builtin/remote.c:1055
+#: builtin/fetch.c:561 builtin/remote.c:1055
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#: builtin/fetch.c:678
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:709
+#: builtin/fetch.c:712
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#: builtin/fetch.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:891
+#: builtin/fetch.c:894
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:893 builtin/remote.c:100
+#: builtin/fetch.c:896 builtin/remote.c:100
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:912
+#: builtin/fetch.c:915
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:932
+#: builtin/fetch.c:935
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:984
+#: builtin/fetch.c:981
+msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:983
+msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:986
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1004
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:997
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1005
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1023
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -4195,29 +4582,29 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:653 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:656 builtin/grep.c:701
-#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:656 builtin/show-ref.c:175
-#: builtin/tag.c:448 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666 builtin/grep.c:701
+#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:655 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/tag.c:446 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:239
 msgid "n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:654
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:664
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:657
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:667
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:660
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
 msgid "text"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:661
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -4549,11 +4936,6 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:825
-#, c-format
-msgid "bad object %s"
-msgstr ""
-
 #: builtin/grep.c:866
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr ""
@@ -4613,359 +4995,391 @@ msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/help.c:44
-msgid "show man page"
+msgid "print list of useful guides"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:46
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:47
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:53
-msgid "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+#: builtin/help.c:54
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:65
+#: builtin/help.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:93
+#: builtin/help.c:94
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:106
+#: builtin/help.c:107
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:114
+#: builtin/help.c:115
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:160 builtin/help.c:169 builtin/help.c:177
+#: builtin/help.c:133 builtin/help.c:161 builtin/help.c:170 builtin/help.c:178
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:217
+#: builtin/help.c:218
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:229
+#: builtin/help.c:230
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
 "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:299
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/help.c:367
+#: builtin/help.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:384
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:392
+#: builtin/help.c:376
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:447 builtin/help.c:454
+#: builtin/help.c:422
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:423
+msgid "A Git glossary"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:424
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:425
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:426
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:427
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:428
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:440
+msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:462 builtin/help.c:478
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/help.c:470
+#: builtin/help.c:494
 #, c-format
 msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:170
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:182
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:190
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:202
 msgid "object of unexpected type"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:249
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:238
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:262
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:257
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:269
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:285
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:278
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:290
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:304
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:312
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:324
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:434
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:446
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:483
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:495
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:491
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:503
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:499
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:511
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:542
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:532
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:544
 #, c-format
 msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
 msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:558
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:570
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:649 builtin/index-pack.c:655 builtin/index-pack.c:678
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:712 builtin/index-pack.c:721
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:661 builtin/index-pack.c:667 builtin/index-pack.c:690
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:724 builtin/index-pack.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:652 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:664 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:718
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:732
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:744
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:747
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:759
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:761
 msgid "Error in object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:751
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:763
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:821 builtin/index-pack.c:847
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:833 builtin/index-pack.c:863
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1004
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1004
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1012
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1030
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1017
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1035
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1020
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1038
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1031
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1049
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1054
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1072
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1064
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1082
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1106
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1124
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1112
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1132
 #, c-format
 msgid "completed with %d local objects"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1121
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1125
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1146
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1171
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1229
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1250
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1253
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
 msgid "error while closing pack file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1266
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1308
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1298
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1319
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1331
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1352
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1337
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1358
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1341 builtin/index-pack.c:1514
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1362 builtin/index-pack.c:1535
 #, c-format
 msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1399
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1420
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1448
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1455
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1476
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1482
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1503
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1526 builtin/index-pack.c:1529
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1541 builtin/index-pack.c:1545
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1547 builtin/index-pack.c:1550
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1562 builtin/index-pack.c:1566
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1559
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1580
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1563 builtin/index-pack.c:1573
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1584 builtin/index-pack.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1582
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1603
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -5087,8 +5501,8 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/init-db.c:467
 msgid ""
-"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared"
-"[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/init-db.c:490
@@ -5129,337 +5543,340 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:37
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+#: builtin/log.c:40
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:38
+#: builtin/log.c:41
 msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:100
+#: builtin/log.c:103
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:101
+#: builtin/log.c:104
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:102
+#: builtin/log.c:105
+msgid "Use mail map file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:106
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:189
+#: builtin/log.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:405 builtin/log.c:497
+#: builtin/log.c:422 builtin/log.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:521
+#: builtin/log.c:538
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:613
+#: builtin/log.c:638
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:687
+#: builtin/log.c:720
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:698
+#: builtin/log.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:712
+#: builtin/log.c:750
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:720
+#: builtin/log.c:758
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:794
+#: builtin/log.c:860
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:867
+#: builtin/log.c:936
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:895
+#: builtin/log.c:964
 msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:940
+#: builtin/log.c:1009
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1068
+#: builtin/log.c:1108
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1111
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1075
+#: builtin/log.c:1115
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1077
+#: builtin/log.c:1117
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1079
+#: builtin/log.c:1119
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1080
+#: builtin/log.c:1120
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1081
+#: builtin/log.c:1121
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1083
+#: builtin/log.c:1123
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1085
+#: builtin/log.c:1125
+msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1127
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1088
+#: builtin/log.c:1130
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1091
+#: builtin/log.c:1133
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1094
+#: builtin/log.c:1136
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1096
+#: builtin/log.c:1138
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1098
+#: builtin/log.c:1140
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1100
+#: builtin/log.c:1142
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1101
+#: builtin/log.c:1143
 msgid "header"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1102
+#: builtin/log.c:1144
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1103 builtin/log.c:1105
+#: builtin/log.c:1145 builtin/log.c:1147
 msgid "email"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1103
+#: builtin/log.c:1145
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1105
+#: builtin/log.c:1147
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1107
+#: builtin/log.c:1149
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1108
+#: builtin/log.c:1150
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1109 builtin/log.c:1112
+#: builtin/log.c:1151 builtin/log.c:1154
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1110
+#: builtin/log.c:1152
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1113
+#: builtin/log.c:1155
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1117
+#: builtin/log.c:1159
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1119
+#: builtin/log.c:1161
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1120
+#: builtin/log.c:1162
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1122
+#: builtin/log.c:1164
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1163
-#, c-format
-msgid "bogus committer info %s"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1248
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1210
+#: builtin/log.c:1250
 msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1258
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1260
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1262
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1285
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1247
+#: builtin/log.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1400
+#: builtin/log.c:1435
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1449
+#: builtin/log.c:1484
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1504
+#: builtin/log.c:1539
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1517 builtin/log.c:1519 builtin/log.c:1531
+#: builtin/log.c:1552 builtin/log.c:1554 builtin/log.c:1566
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown commit %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:408
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:402
 msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:459
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:461
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:474
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:476
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:482
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
 msgid "show 'other' directories' name only"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:481
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:484
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:486
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:492
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:491
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:494
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:500
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:496
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:499
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:507
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:508
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:504
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -5566,250 +5983,276 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/notes.c:870 builtin/revert.c:112
+#: builtin/merge.c:203
+msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:204 builtin/notes.c:866 builtin/revert.c:112
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:203
+#: builtin/merge.c:205
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:206
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:205
+#: builtin/merge.c:207
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:209
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:211
+#: builtin/merge.c:213
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:240
+#: builtin/merge.c:242
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:245
+#: builtin/merge.c:247
 msgid "stash failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#: builtin/merge.c:252
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+#: builtin/merge.c:271 builtin/merge.c:288
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:316
+#: builtin/merge.c:318
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#: builtin/merge.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:361
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
 msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:363
+#: builtin/merge.c:365
 msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#: builtin/merge.c:388
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:436
+#: builtin/merge.c:438
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:535
+#: builtin/merge.c:550
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:628
+#: builtin/merge.c:643
 msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:656
+#: builtin/merge.c:671
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:670
+#: builtin/merge.c:685
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:684
+#: builtin/merge.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:773
+#: builtin/merge.c:788
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:782
+#: builtin/merge.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:788
+#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
 "especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
 "\n"
-"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
 "the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:812
+#: builtin/merge.c:827
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:824
+#: builtin/merge.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:889
+#: builtin/merge.c:904
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:905
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:946
+#: builtin/merge.c:961
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:948
+#: builtin/merge.c:963
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:950
+#: builtin/merge.c:965
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:955
+#: builtin/merge.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1042 builtin/merge.c:1199
+#: builtin/merge.c:1057 builtin/merge.c:1214
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1110
+#: builtin/merge.c:1125
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1126 git-pull.sh:31
+#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:31
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1129 git-pull.sh:34
+#: builtin/merge.c:1144 git-pull.sh:34
 msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1133
+#: builtin/merge.c:1148
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1136
+#: builtin/merge.c:1151
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1160
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1150
+#: builtin/merge.c:1165
 msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1172
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1189
+#: builtin/merge.c:1204
 msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1192
+#: builtin/merge.c:1207
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1194
+#: builtin/merge.c:1209
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1309
+#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. 'N'
+#: builtin/merge.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1348
+#: builtin/merge.c:1397
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1355
+#: builtin/merge.c:1404
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1387
+#: builtin/merge.c:1436
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1410 builtin/merge.c:1489
+#: builtin/merge.c:1459 builtin/merge.c:1538
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1414
+#: builtin/merge.c:1463
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1480
+#: builtin/merge.c:1529
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1482
+#: builtin/merge.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1491
+#: builtin/merge.c:1540
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1503
+#: builtin/merge.c:1552
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
@@ -6115,233 +6558,228 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:142
+#: builtin/notes.c:139
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:148
-msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+#: builtin/notes.c:143
+msgid "could not read 'show' output"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:161
+#: builtin/notes.c:151
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:178 builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/notes.c:169 builtin/tag.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create file '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
+#: builtin/notes.c:188
 msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:213 builtin/notes.c:976
+#: builtin/notes.c:209 builtin/notes.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:218
+#: builtin/notes.c:214
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:220
+#: builtin/notes.c:216
 #, c-format
 msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:254 builtin/tag.c:542
+#: builtin/notes.c:250 builtin/tag.c:540
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:256 builtin/tag.c:545
+#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:275 builtin/notes.c:448 builtin/notes.c:450
-#: builtin/notes.c:510 builtin/notes.c:564 builtin/notes.c:647
-#: builtin/notes.c:652 builtin/notes.c:727 builtin/notes.c:769
-#: builtin/notes.c:971 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:271 builtin/notes.c:444 builtin/notes.c:446
+#: builtin/notes.c:506 builtin/notes.c:560 builtin/notes.c:643
+#: builtin/notes.c:648 builtin/notes.c:723 builtin/notes.c:765
+#: builtin/notes.c:967 builtin/tag.c:556
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:278
+#: builtin/notes.c:274
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:302
+#: builtin/notes.c:298
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:343
+#: builtin/notes.c:339
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:353
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
 #. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: builtin/notes.c:380
+#: builtin/notes.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:444
+#: builtin/notes.c:440
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:459
+#: builtin/notes.c:455
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:503 builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/notes.c:630
-#: builtin/notes.c:642 builtin/notes.c:715 builtin/notes.c:762
-#: builtin/notes.c:1036
+#: builtin/notes.c:499 builtin/notes.c:553 builtin/notes.c:626
+#: builtin/notes.c:638 builtin/notes.c:711 builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:1032
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:516 builtin/notes.c:775
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:771
 #, c-format
 msgid "No note found for object %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:538 builtin/notes.c:695
+#: builtin/notes.c:534 builtin/notes.c:691
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:541 builtin/notes.c:698
+#: builtin/notes.c:537 builtin/notes.c:694
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:546 builtin/notes.c:700
-#: builtin/notes.c:703 builtin/tag.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:539 builtin/notes.c:542 builtin/notes.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:699 builtin/tag.c:474
 msgid "object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:544 builtin/notes.c:701
+#: builtin/notes.c:540 builtin/notes.c:697
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:547 builtin/notes.c:704
+#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:700
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:549 builtin/notes.c:617
+#: builtin/notes.c:545 builtin/notes.c:613
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:583
+#: builtin/notes.c:579
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:665
+#: builtin/notes.c:584 builtin/notes.c:661
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:618
+#: builtin/notes.c:614
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:620
+#: builtin/notes.c:616
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:638
+#: builtin/notes.c:634
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:659
+#: builtin/notes.c:655
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:671
+#: builtin/notes.c:667
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:720
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
 "Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:867
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:865
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:871
+#: builtin/notes.c:867
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:873
+#: builtin/notes.c:869
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:875
+#: builtin/notes.c:871
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:877
+#: builtin/notes.c:873
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:879
+#: builtin/notes.c:875
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:974
+#: builtin/notes.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:986
+#: builtin/notes.c:982
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989
+#: builtin/notes.c:985
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1070
+#: builtin/notes.c:1066
 msgid "notes_ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1071
+#: builtin/notes.c:1067
 msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1106 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#: builtin/notes.c:1102 builtin/remote.c:1598
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
 msgstr ""
@@ -6643,22 +7081,42 @@ msgid ""
 "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:258
+#: builtin/push.c:224
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+"not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+"to the same ref. You may want to first merge the remote changes (e.g.,\n"
+"'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:231
+msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:234
+msgid ""
+"You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+"or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+"without using the '--force' option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:294
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:262
+#: builtin/push.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:294
+#: builtin/push.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:295
+#: builtin/push.c:332
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -6671,79 +7129,87 @@ msgid ""
 "    git push <name>\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:310
+#: builtin/push.c:347
 msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:311
+#: builtin/push.c:348
 msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:316
+#: builtin/push.c:353
 msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:317
+#: builtin/push.c:354
 msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:322
+#: builtin/push.c:359
 msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:382
+#: builtin/push.c:419
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:383
+#: builtin/push.c:420
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:384
+#: builtin/push.c:421
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:386
+#: builtin/push.c:423
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:387
+#: builtin/push.c:424
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:390
+#: builtin/push.c:427
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:391
+#: builtin/push.c:428
 msgid "check"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:392
+#: builtin/push.c:429
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:431
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395 builtin/push.c:396
+#: builtin/push.c:432 builtin/push.c:433
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:397
+#: builtin/push.c:434
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:400
+#: builtin/push.c:437
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
+#: builtin/push.c:439
+msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:440
+msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:450
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:412
+#: builtin/push.c:452
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -7338,11 +7804,11 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:26
-msgid "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."
+msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:33
@@ -7365,89 +7831,95 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:77
+#: builtin/reset.c:73
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:79
+#: builtin/reset.c:75
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#: builtin/reset.c:81
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:96
-msgid "Could not write new index file."
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#: builtin/reset.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:130
-msgid "Could not read index"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:133
-msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#: builtin/reset.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:238
+#: builtin/reset.c:248
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:240
+#: builtin/reset.c:250
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/reset.c:251
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:243 builtin/reset.c:245
+#: builtin/reset.c:253 builtin/reset.c:255
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:247
+#: builtin/reset.c:257
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:303
+#: builtin/reset.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:278 builtin/reset.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308
+#: builtin/reset.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:317
+#: builtin/reset.c:301
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:319
+#: builtin/reset.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:313
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:333
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
+#: builtin/reset.c:339
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:344
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr ""
+
 #: builtin/rev-parse.c:339
 msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
 msgstr ""
@@ -7470,7 +7942,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
@@ -7478,7 +7950,7 @@ msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
@@ -7621,31 +8093,31 @@ msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing author: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:253
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:227
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:229
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:257
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:231
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:258
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:259
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:233
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -7661,74 +8133,74 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:670
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:672
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:673
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:675
 msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:677
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:10
 msgid ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash"
-"[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:11
@@ -7840,159 +8312,157 @@ msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:249
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Write a tag message\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:256
+#: builtin/tag.c:253
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"Write a tag message\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
 "want to.\n"
-"#\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:298
+#: builtin/tag.c:292
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:300
+#: builtin/tag.c:294
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:325
+#: builtin/tag.c:319
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:338
+#: builtin/tag.c:332
 msgid "tag header too big."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:370
+#: builtin/tag.c:368
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#: builtin/tag.c:374
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:425
+#: builtin/tag.c:423
 msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:447
+#: builtin/tag.c:445
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:449
+#: builtin/tag.c:447
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:451
+#: builtin/tag.c:449
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:452
+#: builtin/tag.c:450
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:454
+#: builtin/tag.c:452
 msgid "Tag creation options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:456
+#: builtin/tag.c:454
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:458
+#: builtin/tag.c:456
 msgid "tag message"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:460
+#: builtin/tag.c:458
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:464
+#: builtin/tag.c:462
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:465
+#: builtin/tag.c:463
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:466
+#: builtin/tag.c:464
 msgid "show tag list in columns"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
+#: builtin/tag.c:466
 msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:471
+#: builtin/tag.c:469
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:477
+#: builtin/tag.c:475
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:506
+#: builtin/tag.c:504
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:523
+#: builtin/tag.c:521
 msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:525
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
 msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:527
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
 msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:535
+#: builtin/tag.c:533
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:555
+#: builtin/tag.c:553
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#: builtin/tag.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#: builtin/tag.c:564
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#: builtin/tag.c:582
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr ""
@@ -8170,22 +8640,25 @@ msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: git.c:16
-msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgid ""
+"'git help -a' and 'git help -g' lists available subcommands and some\n"
+"concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
+"to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: parse-options.h:156
 msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.h:228
+#: parse-options.h:232
 msgid "be more verbose"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.h:230
+#: parse-options.h:234
 msgid "be more quiet"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: parse-options.h:236
+#: parse-options.h:240
 msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -8226,7 +8699,7 @@ msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: common-cmds.h:17
-msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: common-cmds.h:18
@@ -8507,59 +8980,59 @@ msgid ""
 "(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+#: git-bisect.sh:363 git-bisect.sh:490
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#: git-bisect.sh:370
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#: git-bisect.sh:379
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
 "Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:390
+#: git-bisect.sh:406
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#: git-bisect.sh:407
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:408
+#: git-bisect.sh:424
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#: git-bisect.sh:436
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:443
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
 "exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:453
+#: git-bisect.sh:469
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#: git-bisect.sh:475
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
 "'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:466
+#: git-bisect.sh:482
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -8574,7 +9047,7 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-pull.sh:197
+#: git-pull.sh:203
 msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -8582,7 +9055,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
 #. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
 #. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
-#: git-pull.sh:229
+#: git-pull.sh:235
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
@@ -8590,11 +9063,11 @@ msgid ""
 "Warning: commit $orig_head."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-pull.sh:254
+#: git-pull.sh:260
 msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-pull.sh:258
+#: git-pull.sh:264
 msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -8835,37 +9308,37 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:89
+#: git-submodule.sh:91
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:168
+#: git-submodule.sh:196
 #, sh-format
 msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:211
+#: git-submodule.sh:239
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:223
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:316
+#: git-submodule.sh:349
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:333
+#: git-submodule.sh:366
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:337
+#: git-submodule.sh:370
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -8873,180 +9346,233 @@ msgid ""
 "Use -f if you really want to add it."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:355
+#: git-submodule.sh:388
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:357
+#: git-submodule.sh:390
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:365
+#: git-submodule.sh:398
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:367
+#: git-submodule.sh:400
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:369
+#: git-submodule.sh:402
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:370
+#: git-submodule.sh:403
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
 "option."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:372
+#: git-submodule.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:384
+#: git-submodule.sh:417
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:389
+#: git-submodule.sh:422
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:394
+#: git-submodule.sh:431
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:474
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:451
+#: git-submodule.sh:488
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:495
+#: git-submodule.sh:532
 #, sh-format
 msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:504
+#: git-submodule.sh:541
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:506
+#: git-submodule.sh:543
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:514
+#: git-submodule.sh:551
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
+#: git-submodule.sh:588
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:603
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule work tree '$sm_path' contains a .git directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:604
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '$sm_path' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
+"discard them"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:613
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
 #: git-submodule.sh:614
 #, sh-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:626
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:731
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path' not initialized\n"
 "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:627
+#: git-submodule.sh:744
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#: git-submodule.sh:753
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:660
+#: git-submodule.sh:777
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:661
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:666
+#: git-submodule.sh:792
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:667
+#: git-submodule.sh:797
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:672
+#: git-submodule.sh:798
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:673
+#: git-submodule.sh:803
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:695 git-submodule.sh:1017
+#: git-submodule.sh:804
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:803
+#: git-submodule.sh:831
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:939
 msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. unexpected type
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#: git-submodule.sh:979
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:861
+#: git-submodule.sh:997
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:864
+#: git-submodule.sh:1000
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:867
+#: git-submodule.sh:1003
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:892
+#: git-submodule.sh:1028
 msgid "blob"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:930
-msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
+#: git-submodule.sh:1066
+msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:932
-msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
+#: git-submodule.sh:1068
+msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1153
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1080
+#: git-submodule.sh:1216
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
diff --git a/po/sv.po b/po/sv.po
index ee6b0fc..a5c88c9 100644
--- a/po/sv.po
+++ b/po/sv.po
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 # Swedish translations for Git.
-# Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Peter krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>
+# Copyright (C) 2010-2013 Peter krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
-# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2010, 2011, 2012.
+# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013.
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: git 1.8.1\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: git 1.8.3\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-11-30 12:40+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-11-30 10:49+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-04-30 08:25+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-04-30 12:22+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
 "Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
 "Language: sv\n"
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
 
-#: advice.c:40
+#: advice.c:53
 #, c-format
 msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
 msgstr "tips: %.*s\n"
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ msgstr "tips: %.*s\n"
 #. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
 #. * other commands doing a merge do.
 #.
-#: advice.c:70
+#: advice.c:83
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
 "and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
@@ -57,82 +57,206 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr "git archive --remote <arkiv> [--exec <kmd>] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:322
+#: archive.c:323
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr "fmt"
 
-#: archive.c:322
+#: archive.c:323
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr "arkivformat"
 
-#: archive.c:323 builtin/log.c:1084
+#: archive.c:324 builtin/log.c:1126
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr "prefix"
 
-#: archive.c:324
+#: archive.c:325
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr "lägg till prefix till varje sökväg i arkivet"
 
-#: archive.c:325 builtin/archive.c:91 builtin/blame.c:2390
-#: builtin/blame.c:2391 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:642
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:644 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:494 builtin/ls-files.c:497 builtin/notes.c:540
-#: builtin/notes.c:697 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
+#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2371
+#: builtin/blame.c:2372 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:665
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:667 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:490 builtin/ls-files.c:493 builtin/notes.c:536
+#: builtin/notes.c:693 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
 msgid "file"
 msgstr "fil"
 
-#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:92
+#: archive.c:327 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr "skriv arkivet till filen"
 
-#: archive.c:328
+#: archive.c:329
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr "läs .gitattributes i arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: archive.c:329
+#: archive.c:330
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
 msgstr "rapportera arkiverade filer på standard fel"
 
-#: archive.c:330
+#: archive.c:331
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr "endast spara"
 
-#: archive.c:331
+#: archive.c:332
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr "komprimera snabbare"
 
-#: archive.c:339
+#: archive.c:340
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr "komprimera bättre"
 
-#: archive.c:342
+#: archive.c:343
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr "visa understödda arkivformat"
 
-#: archive.c:344 builtin/archive.c:93 builtin/clone.c:85
+#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr "arkiv"
 
-#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:94
+#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr "hämta arkivet från fjärrarkivet <arkiv>"
 
-#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:95 builtin/notes.c:619
+#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:615
 msgid "command"
 msgstr "kommando"
 
-#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:96
+#: archive.c:348 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr "sökväg till kommandot git-upload-archive på fjärren"
 
 #: attr.c:259
 msgid ""
-"Negative patterns are forbidden in git attributes\n"
+"Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
 msgstr ""
-"Negativa mönster är förbjudna i git-attribut\n"
+"Negativa mönster ignoreras i git-attribut\n"
 "Använd '\\!' för att inleda med ett utropstecken."
 
+#: branch.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "Ställer inte in grenen %s som sin egen uppströmsgren."
+
+#: branch.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra fjärrgrenen %s från %s genom ombasering."
+
+#: branch.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
+msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra fjärrgrenen %s från %s."
+
+#: branch.c:87
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra den lokala grenen %s genom ombasering."
+
+#: branch.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
+msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra den lokala grenen %s."
+
+#: branch.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra fjärreferensen %s genom ombasering."
+
+#: branch.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
+msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra fjärreferensen %s."
+
+#: branch.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra den lokala referensen %s genom ombasering."
+
+#: branch.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
+msgstr "Grenen %s ställdes in att spåra den lokala referensen %s."
+
+#: branch.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "Tracking not set up: name too long: %s"
+msgstr "Spårning har inte ställts in: namnet för långt: %s"
+
+#: branch.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
+msgstr "Spårar inte: tvetydig information för referensen %s"
+
+#: branch.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte ett giltigt grennamn."
+
+#: branch.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Det finns redan en gren som heter \"%s\""
+
+#: branch.c:195
+msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
+msgstr "Kan inte tvinga uppdatering av aktuell gren."
+
+#: branch.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
+msgstr "Kan inte ställa in spårning; startpunkten \"%s\" är inte en gren."
+
+#: branch.c:203
+#, c-format
+msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "den efterfrågade uppströmsgrenen \"%s\" finns inte"
+
+#: branch.c:205
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
+"branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to\n"
+"run \"git fetch\" to retrieve it.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you are planning to push out a new local branch that\n"
+"will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
+"\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Om du har tänkt basera ditt arbete på en uppströmsgren\n"
+"som redan finns på fjärren kan du behöva köra \"git fetch\"\n"
+"för att hämta den.\n"
+"\n"
+"Om du har tänkt sända in en ny lokal gren som skall\n"
+"spåra dess fjärrmotsvarighet kan du använda \"git push -u\"\n"
+"för att ställa in uppströmskonfigurationen när du sänder in."
+
+#: branch.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "Objektnamnet är inte giltigt: \"%s\"."
+
+#: branch.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "Objektnamnet är tvetydigt: \"%s\"."
+
+#: branch.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
+msgstr "Avgreningspunkten är inte giltig: \"%s\""
+
+#: branch.c:281
+msgid "Failed to lock ref for update"
+msgstr "Misslyckades låsa referens för uppdatering"
+
+#: branch.c:299
+msgid "Failed to write ref"
+msgstr "Misslyckades skriva referens"
+
 #: bundle.c:36
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
@@ -143,7 +267,7 @@ msgstr "'%s' ser inte ut som en v2-bundle-fil"
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "okänt huvud: %s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:674
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:676
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\""
@@ -152,35 +276,35 @@ msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\""
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr "Arkivet saknar dessa nödvändiga incheckningar:"
 
-#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:562 sequencer.c:994 builtin/log.c:290
-#: builtin/log.c:732 builtin/log.c:1319 builtin/log.c:1535 builtin/merge.c:347
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:651 sequencer.c:1101 builtin/log.c:300
+#: builtin/log.c:770 builtin/log.c:1344 builtin/log.c:1570 builtin/merge.c:349
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:155
 msgid "revision walk setup failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades skapa revisionstraversering"
 
 #: bundle.c:186
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
-msgstr[0] "Paketet (bundlen) innehåller %d referens"
-msgstr[1] "Paketet (bundlen) innehåller %d referenser"
+msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "Paketet (bundlen) denna referens:"
+msgstr[1] "Paketet (bundlen) dessa %d referenser:"
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:193
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "Paketet (bundlen) beskriver en komplett historik."
 
 #: bundle.c:195
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
-msgstr[0] "Paketet (bundlen) kräver denna referens"
-msgstr[1] "Paketet (bundlen) kräver dessa %d referenser"
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "Paketet (bundlen) kräver denna referens:"
+msgstr[1] "Paketet (bundlen) kräver dessa %d referenser:"
 
 #: bundle.c:294
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "rev-list dog"
 
-#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1215 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1255 builtin/shortlog.c:258
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "okänt argument: %s"
@@ -306,22 +430,22 @@ msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
 msgstr[0] "%lu år sedan"
 msgstr[1] "%lu år sedan"
 
-#: diff.c:111
+#: diff.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  Misslyckades tolka dirstat-avskärningsprocentandel \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: diff.c:116
+#: diff.c:117
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
 msgstr "  Okänd dirstat-parameter \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: diff.c:194
+#: diff.c:210
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
 msgstr "Okänt värde för konfigurationsvariabeln \"diff.submodule\": \"%s\""
 
-#: diff.c:237
+#: diff.c:260
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
@@ -330,7 +454,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hittade fel i konfigurationsvariabeln \"diff.dirstat\":\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3494
+#: diff.c:3481
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
@@ -339,12 +463,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Misslyckades tolka argument till flaggan --dirstat/-X;\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3508
+#: diff.c:3495
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
 msgstr "Misslyckades tolka argument till flaggan --submodule: \"%s\""
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:59
+#: gpg-interface.c:59 gpg-interface.c:131
 msgid "could not run gpg."
 msgstr "kunde inte köra gpg."
 
@@ -356,17 +480,27 @@ msgstr "gpg godtog inte data"
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr "gpg misslyckades signera data"
 
-#: grep.c:1622
+#: gpg-interface.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa temporära filen \"%s\": %s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades skriva fristående signatur till \"%s\": %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1623
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr "\"%s\" kunde inte läsa %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1639
+#: grep.c:1640
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': %s"
 msgstr "\"%s\": %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1650
+#: grep.c:1651
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': short read %s"
 msgstr "\"%s\": kort läsning %s"
@@ -380,7 +514,11 @@ msgstr "git-kommandon tillgängliga i \"%s\""
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr "git-kommandon från andra platser i din $PATH"
 
-#: help.c:275
+#: help.c:235
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr "De mest använda git-kommandona är:"
+
+#: help.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
@@ -389,11 +527,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"%s\" verkar vara ett git-kommando, men vi kan inte\n"
 "köra det. Kanske git-%s är trasigt?"
 
-#: help.c:332
+#: help.c:349
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr "Oj då. Ditt system rapporterar inga Git-kommandon alls."
 
-#: help.c:354
+#: help.c:371
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
@@ -402,17 +540,17 @@ msgstr ""
 "VARNING: Du anropade ett Git-kommando vid namn \"%s\", som inte finns.\n"
 "Fortsätter under förutsättningen att du menade \"%s\""
 
-#: help.c:359
+#: help.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
 msgstr "automatiskt om %0.1f sekunder..."
 
-#: help.c:366
+#: help.c:383
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
 msgstr "git: \"%s\" är inte ett git-kommando. Se \"git --help\"."
 
-#: help.c:370
+#: help.c:387
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -430,8 +568,8 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr "misslyckads läsa cachen"
 
-#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:333 builtin/checkout.c:534
-#: builtin/clone.c:586
+#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:365 builtin/checkout.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:645
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
 
@@ -480,7 +618,7 @@ msgstr "kan inte läsa objektet %s: \"%s\""
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
 msgstr "blob förväntades för %s \"%s\""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:302
+#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:313
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to open '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades öppna \"%s\""
@@ -614,7 +752,7 @@ msgstr "Hoppade över %s (sammanslagen samma som befintlig)"
 msgid "Auto-merging %s"
 msgstr "Slår ihop %s automatiskt"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:893
+#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:1029
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "undermodul"
 
@@ -685,43 +823,62 @@ msgstr "sammanslagningen returnerade ingen incheckning"
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte tolka objektet \"%s\""
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:643
+#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:658
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr "Kunde inte skriva indexet."
 
-#: parse-options.c:494
+#: object.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka objektet: %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:489
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "..."
 
-#: parse-options.c:512
+#: parse-options.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "användning: %s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
 #. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:516
+#: parse-options.c:511
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr "     eller: %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:519
+#: parse-options.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: remote.c:1632
+#: parse-options.c:548
+msgid "-NUM"
+msgstr "-TAL"
+
+#: pathspec.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Sökvägen \"%s\" är i undermodulen \"%.*s\""
+
+#: pathspec.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är på andra sidan av en symbolisk länk"
+
+#: remote.c:1781
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
 msgstr[0] "Din gren ligger före \"%s\" med %d incheckning.\n"
 msgstr[1] "Din gren ligger före \"%s\" med %d incheckningar.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1637
+#: remote.c:1787
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git push\" för att publicera dina lokala incheckningar)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1640
+#: remote.c:1790
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
@@ -731,11 +888,11 @@ msgstr[0] ""
 msgstr[1] ""
 "Din gren ligger efter \"%s\" med %d incheckningar, och kan snabbspolas.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1647
+#: remote.c:1798
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git pull\" för att uppdatera din lokala gren)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1650
+#: remote.c:1801
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -750,23 +907,23 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Din gren och \"%s\" har divergerat,\n"
 "och har %d respektive %d olika incheckningar.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1659
+#: remote.c:1811
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git pull\" för att slå ihop fjärrgrenen med din egen)\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:761 builtin/merge.c:874 builtin/merge.c:984
-#: builtin/merge.c:994
+#: sequencer.c:206 builtin/merge.c:776 builtin/merge.c:889 builtin/merge.c:999
+#: builtin/merge.c:1009
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
 msgstr "Kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för skrivning"
 
-#: sequencer.c:125 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:764 builtin/merge.c:986
-#: builtin/merge.c:999
+#: sequencer.c:208 builtin/merge.c:335 builtin/merge.c:779
+#: builtin/merge.c:1001 builtin/merge.c:1014
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte skriva till \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:146
+#: sequencer.c:229
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
@@ -774,7 +931,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "efter att ha löst konflikterna, markera de rättade sökvägarna\n"
 "med \"git add <sökvägar>\" eller \"git rm <sökvägar>\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:149
+#: sequencer.c:232
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
@@ -784,232 +941,238 @@ msgstr ""
 "med \"git add <sökvägar>\" eller \"git rm <sökvägar>\"\n"
 "och checka in resultatet med \"git commit\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:162 sequencer.c:770 sequencer.c:853
+#: sequencer.c:245 sequencer.c:859 sequencer.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not write to %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte skriva till %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:165
+#: sequencer.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid ombrytning av %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:180
+#: sequencer.c:263
 msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
 msgstr "Dina lokala ändringar skulle skrivas över av \"cherry-pick\"."
 
-#: sequencer.c:182
+#: sequencer.c:265
 msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
 msgstr "Dina lokala ändringar skulle skrivas över av \"revert\"."
 
-#: sequencer.c:185
+#: sequencer.c:268
 msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
 msgstr "Checka in dina ändringar eller använd \"stash\" för att fortsätta."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:235
+#: sequencer.c:319
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "%s: Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
 
-#: sequencer.c:266
+#: sequencer.c:350
 msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
 msgstr "Kunde inte bestämma HEAD:s incheckning\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:287
+#: sequencer.c:371
 msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
 msgstr "Kan inte uppdatera cacheträd\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:332
+#: sequencer.c:416
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
 msgstr "Kunde inte tolka incheckningen %s\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:337
+#: sequencer.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
 msgstr "Kunde inte tolka föräldraincheckningen %s\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:403
+#: sequencer.c:487
 msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
 msgstr "Din indexfil har inte slagits ihop."
 
-#: sequencer.c:406
-msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
-msgstr "Du har ingen giltig HEAD"
-
-#: sequencer.c:421
+#: sequencer.c:506
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
 msgstr "Incheckning %s är en sammanslagning, men flaggan -m angavs inte."
 
-#: sequencer.c:429
+#: sequencer.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
 msgstr "Incheckning %s har inte förälder %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:433
+#: sequencer.c:518
 #, c-format
 msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
 msgstr "Huvudlinje angavs, men incheckningen %s är inte en sammanslagning"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
 #. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:444
+#: sequencer.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr "%s: kan inte tolka föräldraincheckningen %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:448
+#: sequencer.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
 msgstr "Kan inte hämta incheckningsmeddelande för %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:532
+#: sequencer.c:621
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte ångra %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:533
+#: sequencer.c:622
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte tillämpa %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:565
+#: sequencer.c:654
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "den angivna uppsättningen incheckningar är tom"
 
-#: sequencer.c:573
+#: sequencer.c:662
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr "git %s: misslyckades läsa indexet"
 
-#: sequencer.c:578
+#: sequencer.c:667
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr "git %s: misslyckades uppdatera indexet"
 
-#: sequencer.c:636
+#: sequencer.c:725
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
 msgstr "kan inte %s under en %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:658
+#: sequencer.c:747
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse line %d."
 msgstr "Kan inte tolka rad %d."
 
-#: sequencer.c:663
+#: sequencer.c:752
 msgid "No commits parsed."
 msgstr "Inga incheckningar lästes."
 
-#: sequencer.c:676
+#: sequencer.c:765
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte öppna %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:680
+#: sequencer.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read %s."
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:687
+#: sequencer.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
 msgstr "Oanvändbart manus: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:715
+#: sequencer.c:804
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid key: %s"
 msgstr "Felaktig nyckel: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:718
+#: sequencer.c:807
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
 msgstr "Felaktigt värde för %s: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:730
+#: sequencer.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
 msgstr "Trasigt manus: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:751
+#: sequencer.c:840
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr "en \"cherry-pick\" eller \"revert\" pågår redan"
 
-#: sequencer.c:752
+#: sequencer.c:841
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr "testa \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:756
+#: sequencer.c:845
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte skapa \"sequencer\"-katalogen \"%s\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:772 sequencer.c:857
+#: sequencer.c:861 sequencer.c:946
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
 msgstr "Fel vid ombrytning av %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:791 sequencer.c:925
+#: sequencer.c:880 sequencer.c:1014
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr "ingen \"cherry-pick\" eller \"revert\" pågår"
 
-#: sequencer.c:793
+#: sequencer.c:882
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "kan inte bestämma HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:795
+#: sequencer.c:884
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "kan inte avbryta från en gren som ännu inte är född"
 
-#: sequencer.c:817 builtin/apply.c:4005
+#: sequencer.c:906 builtin/apply.c:4060
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
 msgstr "kan inte öppna %s: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:820
+#: sequencer.c:909
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa %s: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:821
+#: sequencer.c:910
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "oväntat filslut"
 
-#: sequencer.c:827
+#: sequencer.c:916
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr "sparad HEAD-fil från före \"cherry-pick\", \"%s\", är trasig"
 
-#: sequencer.c:850
+#: sequencer.c:939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not format %s."
 msgstr "Kunde inte formatera %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:1012
+#: sequencer.c:1083
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
+msgstr "%s: kan inte göra \"cherry-pick\" på typen \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: bad revision"
+msgstr "%s: felaktig revision"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1119
 msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
 msgstr "Kan inte ångra som första incheckning"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:1120
 msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
 msgstr "Kan inte göra \"cherry-pick\" i ett tomt huvud"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1044
+#: sha1_name.c:1036
 msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
 msgstr "HEAD pekar inte på en gren"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1047
+#: sha1_name.c:1039
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
 msgstr "Okänd gren: \"%s\""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1049
+#: sha1_name.c:1041
 #, c-format
 msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Ingen standarduppström angiven för grenen \"%s\""
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1052
+#: sha1_name.c:1044
 #, c-format
 msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
 msgstr "Uppströmsgrenen \"%s\" är inte lagrad som en fjärrspårande gren"
@@ -1019,12 +1182,17 @@ msgstr "Uppströmsgrenen \"%s\" är inte lagrad som en fjärrspårande gren"
 msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
 msgstr "kan inte komma åt \"%s\": %s"
 
-#: wrapper.c:426
+#: wrapper.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte komma åt \"%s\""
+
+#: wrapper.c:434
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
 msgstr "kan inte slå upp aktuell användare i passwd-filen: %s"
 
-#: wrapper.c:427
+#: wrapper.c:435
 msgid "no such user"
 msgstr "okänd användare"
 
@@ -1133,193 +1301,254 @@ msgstr "ändrat innehåll, "
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "ospårat innehåll, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:303
+#: wt-status.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "new file:   %s"
 msgstr "ny fil:     %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:306
+#: wt-status.c:309
 #, c-format
 msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
 msgstr "kopierad:   %s -> %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:309
+#: wt-status.c:312
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleted:    %s"
 msgstr "borttagen:  %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:312
+#: wt-status.c:315
 #, c-format
 msgid "modified:   %s"
 msgstr "ändrad:     %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:315
+#: wt-status.c:318
 #, c-format
 msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
 msgstr "namnbyte:   %s -> %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:318
+#: wt-status.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "typechange: %s"
 msgstr "typbyte:    %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:321
+#: wt-status.c:324
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown:    %s"
 msgstr "okänd:      %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:324
+#: wt-status.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "unmerged:   %s"
 msgstr "osammansl.: %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:327
+#: wt-status.c:330
 #, c-format
 msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
 msgstr "programfel: diff-status %c ej hanterad"
 
-#: wt-status.c:785
+#: wt-status.c:803
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr "Du har ej sammanslagna sökvägar."
 
-#: wt-status.c:788 wt-status.c:912
+#: wt-status.c:806 wt-status.c:958
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör \"git commit\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:791
+#: wt-status.c:809
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr "Alla konflikter har rättats men du är fortfarande i en sammanslagning."
 
-#: wt-status.c:794
+#: wt-status.c:812
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git commit\" för att slutföra sammanslagningen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:804
+#: wt-status.c:822
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "Du är i mitten av en körning av \"git am\"."
 
-#: wt-status.c:807
+#: wt-status.c:825
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "Aktuell patch är tom."
 
-#: wt-status.c:811
+#: wt-status.c:829
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
 msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör sedan \"git am --resolved\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:813
+#: wt-status.c:831
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git am --skip\" för att hoppa över patchen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:815
+#: wt-status.c:833
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git am --abort\" för att återställa ursprungsgrenen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:873 wt-status.c:883
+#: wt-status.c:893 wt-status.c:910
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "Du håller på att ombasera grenen \"%s\" ovanpå \"%s\"."
+
+#: wt-status.c:898 wt-status.c:915
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr "Du håller på med en ombasering."
 
-#: wt-status.c:876
+#: wt-status.c:901
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör sedan \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:878
+#: wt-status.c:903
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git rebase --skip\" för att hoppa över patchen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:880
+#: wt-status.c:905
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git rebase --abort\" för att checka ut ursprungsgrenen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:886
+#: wt-status.c:918
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (alla konflikter rättade: kör \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:888
+#: wt-status.c:922
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Du håller på att dela upp en incheckning medan du ombaserar grenen \"%s\" "
+"ovanpå \"%s\"."
+
+#: wt-status.c:927
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "Du håller på att dela upp en incheckning i en ombasering."
 
-#: wt-status.c:891
+#: wt-status.c:930
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (Så fort din arbetskatalog är ren, kör \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:893
+#: wt-status.c:934
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Du håller på att redigera en incheckning medan du ombaserar grenen \"%s\" "
+"ovanpå \"%s\"."
+
+#: wt-status.c:939
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "Du håller på att redigera en incheckning under en ombasering."
 
-#: wt-status.c:896
+#: wt-status.c:942
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (använd \"git commit --amend\" för att lägga till på aktuell incheckning)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:898
+#: wt-status.c:944
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr "  (använd \"git rebase --continue\" när du är nöjd med dina ändringar)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:908
+#: wt-status.c:954
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking."
 msgstr "Du håller på med en \"cherry-pick\"."
 
-#: wt-status.c:915
+#: wt-status.c:961
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  (alla konflikter har rättats: kör \"git commit\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:924
+#: wt-status.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
+msgstr "Du håller på med att ångra incheckningen %s."
+
+#: wt-status.c:975
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör sedan \"git revert --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:978
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (alla konflikter rättade: kör \"git revert --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:980
+msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git revert --abort\" för att avbryta ångrandet)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Du håller på med en \"bisect\", startad från grenen \"%s\"."
+
+#: wt-status.c:995
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr "Du håller på med en \"bisect\"."
 
-#: wt-status.c:927
+#: wt-status.c:998
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (använd \"git bisect reset\" för att komma tillbaka till ursprungsgrenen)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:978
+#: wt-status.c:1173
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "PÃ¥ grenen "
 
-#: wt-status.c:985
+#: wt-status.c:1184
+msgid "HEAD detached at "
+msgstr "HEAD frånkopplad vid "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1186
+msgid "HEAD detached from "
+msgstr "HEAD frånkopplad från "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1189
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr "Inte på någon gren för närvarande."
 
-#: wt-status.c:997
+#: wt-status.c:1206
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "Första incheckning"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1011
+#: wt-status.c:1220
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr "Ospårade filer"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1013
+#: wt-status.c:1222
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr "Ignorerade filer"
 
+#: wt-status.c:1226
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
+"may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
+"new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+msgstr ""
+"Det tog %.2f sekunder att räkna upp ospårade filer. \"status -uno\"\n"
+"kan gå snabbare, men du måste vara försiktig så du inte glömmer\n"
+"lägga till nya filer själv (se \"git help status\")."
+
 # %s är nästa sträng eller tom.
-#: wt-status.c:1015
+#: wt-status.c:1232
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "Ospårade filer visas ej%s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1017
+#: wt-status.c:1234
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr " (använd flaggan -u för att visa ospårade filer)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1023
+#: wt-status.c:1240
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "Inga ändringar"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1245
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
 "inga ändringar att checka in (använd \"git add\" och/eller \"git commit -a"
 "\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1031
+#: wt-status.c:1248
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr "inga ändringar att checka in\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1034
+#: wt-status.c:1251
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
@@ -1328,213 +1557,280 @@ msgstr ""
 "inget köat för incheckning, men ospårade filer finns (spåra med \"git add"
 "\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1254
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr "inget köat för incheckning, men ospårade filer finns\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1040
+#: wt-status.c:1257
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr "inget att checka in (skapa/kopiera filer och spåra med \"git add\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1043 wt-status.c:1048
+#: wt-status.c:1260 wt-status.c:1265
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr "inget att checka in\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1046
+#: wt-status.c:1263
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr "inget att checka in (använd -u för att visa ospårade filer)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1050
+#: wt-status.c:1267
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
 msgstr "inget att checka in, arbetskatalogen ren\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1158
+#: wt-status.c:1375
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD (ingen gren)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1164
+#: wt-status.c:1381
 msgid "Initial commit on "
 msgstr "Första incheckning på "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1179
+#: wt-status.c:1396
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "efter "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1182 wt-status.c:1185
+#: wt-status.c:1399 wt-status.c:1402
 msgid "ahead "
 msgstr "före "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1187
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid ", behind "
 msgstr ", efter "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:341
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades ta bort länken \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:19
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git add [flaggor] [--] <filmönster>..."
+#: builtin/add.c:20
+msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [flaggor] [--] <sökväg>..."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:62
+#.
+#. * To be consistent with "git add -p" and most Git
+#. * commands, we should default to being tree-wide, but
+#. * this is not the original behavior and can't be
+#. * changed until users trained themselves not to type
+#. * "git add -u" or "git add -A". For now, we warn and
+#. * keep the old behavior. Later, the behavior can be changed
+#. * to tree-wide, keeping the warning for a while, and
+#. * eventually we can drop the warning.
+#.
+#: builtin/add.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The behavior of 'git add %s (or %s)' with no path argument from a\n"
+"subdirectory of the tree will change in Git 2.0 and should not be used "
+"anymore.\n"
+"To add content for the whole tree, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s :/\n"
+"  (or git add %s :/)\n"
+"\n"
+"To restrict the command to the current directory, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s .\n"
+"  (or git add %s .)\n"
+"\n"
+"With the current Git version, the command is restricted to the current "
+"directory.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Beteendet för \"git add %s (eller %s)\" utan sökvägsargument från en\n"
+"underkatalog i ett träd kommer ändras i Git 2.0 och bör inte längre "
+"användas.\n"
+"För att lägga till innehållet för hela trädet, använd:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s :/\n"
+"  (eller git add %s :/)\n"
+"\n"
+"För att begränsa kommandot till aktuell katalog, använd:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s .\n"
+"  (eller git add %s .)\n"
+"\n"
+"I nuvarande version av Git begränsas kommandot till aktuell katalog.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You ran 'git add' with neither '-A (--all)' or '--ignore-removal',\n"
+"whose behaviour will change in Git 2.0 with respect to paths you removed.\n"
+"Paths like '%s' that are\n"
+"removed from your working tree are ignored with this version of Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>', which is the current default,\n"
+"  ignores paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --all <pathspec>' will let you also record the removals.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run 'git status' to check the paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Du körde \"git add\" utan varken \"-A (--all)\" eller \"--ignore-removal\".\n"
+"Beteendet kommer ändras i Git 2.0 vad gäller sökvägar du tagit bort.\n"
+"Sökvägar som \"%s\", som har\n"
+"tagits bort från din arbetskatalog ignoreras i den här versionen av Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"* \"git add --ignore-removal <sökväg>\", som är förvalet just nu,\n"
+"  ignorerar sökvägar du har tagit bort från arbetskatalogen.\n"
+"\n"
+"* \"git add --all <sökväg>\" låter dig även registrera borttagningarna.\n"
+"\n"
+"Kör \"git status\" för att kontrollera sökvägarna du tagit bort från\n"
+"arbetskatalogen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:144
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr "diff-status %c förväntades inte"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:149 builtin/commit.c:233
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades uppdatera filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:77
+#: builtin/add.c:163
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr "ta bort \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:176
-#, c-format
-msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "Sökvägen \"%s\" är i undermodulen \"%.*s\""
-
-#: builtin/add.c:192
+#: builtin/add.c:253
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr "Ospårade ändringar efter att ha uppdaterat indexet:"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:460 builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:256 builtin/add.c:572 builtin/rm.c:275
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr "sökvägsangivelsen \"%s\" motsvarade inte några filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
-msgstr "\"%s\" är på andra sidan av en symbolisk länk"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:276
+#: builtin/add.c:339
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa indexet"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
 msgstr "Kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för skrivning"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:290
+#: builtin/add.c:353
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "Kunde inte skriva patch"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:295
+#: builtin/add.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte ta status på \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:297
+#: builtin/add.c:360
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr "Tom patch. Avbryter."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:303
+#: builtin/add.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte tillämpa \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/add.c:313
+#: builtin/add.c:376
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr "Följande sökvägar ignoreras av en av dina .gitignore-filer:\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:319 builtin/clean.c:52 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:388 builtin/remote.c:1253
+#: builtin/add.c:393 builtin/clean.c:161 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:425 builtin/remote.c:1253
 #: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr "testkörning"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:320 builtin/apply.c:4354 builtin/commit.c:1160
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:82 builtin/fsck.c:613 builtin/log.c:1483
-#: builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
+#: builtin/add.c:394 builtin/apply.c:4409 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
+#: builtin/commit.c:1152 builtin/count-objects.c:95 builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/log.c:1518 builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
 msgid "be verbose"
 msgstr "var pratsam"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:322
+#: builtin/add.c:396
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr "plocka interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:323 builtin/checkout.c:1031 builtin/reset.c:248
+#: builtin/add.c:397 builtin/checkout.c:1063 builtin/reset.c:258
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr "välj stycken interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:324
+#: builtin/add.c:398
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr "redigera aktuell diff och applicera"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:325
+#: builtin/add.c:399
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr "tillåt lägga till annars ignorerade filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:326
+#: builtin/add.c:400
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr "uppdatera spårade filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:327
+#: builtin/add.c:401
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr "registrera endast att sökvägen kommer läggas till senare"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:328
+#: builtin/add.c:402
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr "lägg till ändringar från alla spårade och ospårade filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#. takes no arguments
+#: builtin/add.c:405
+msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
+msgstr "ignorera sökvägar borttagna i arbetskatalogen (samma som --no-all)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:407
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr "lägg inte till, uppdatera endast indexet"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:330
+#: builtin/add.c:408
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr "hoppa bara över filer som inte kan läggas till på grund av fel"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:331
+#: builtin/add.c:409
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr "se om - även saknade - filer ignoreras i testkörning"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:353
+#: builtin/add.c:431
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr "Använd -f om du verkligen vill lägga till dem.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:354
+#: builtin/add.c:432
 msgid "no files added"
 msgstr "inga filer har lagts till"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:360
+#: builtin/add.c:438
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades lägga till filer"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:392
+#: builtin/add.c:477
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr "-A och -u är ömsesidigt inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:394
+#: builtin/add.c:495
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr "Flaggan --ignore-missing kan endast användas tillsammans med --dry-run"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:414
+#: builtin/add.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr "Inget angivet, inget tillagt.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:415
+#: builtin/add.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
 msgstr "Kanske menade du att skriva \"git add .\"?\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:421 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:291 builtin/mv.c:82
-#: builtin/rm.c:235
+#: builtin/add.c:532 builtin/check-ignore.c:66 builtin/clean.c:204
+#: builtin/commit.c:293 builtin/mv.c:82 builtin/rm.c:235
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr "indexfilen trasig"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:481 builtin/apply.c:4450 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
+#: builtin/add.c:604 builtin/apply.c:4505 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
 msgid "Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
 
@@ -1587,17 +1883,17 @@ msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - motsägande gammalt filnamn på rad %d"
 msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
 msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - förväntade /dev/null på rad %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1420
+#: builtin/apply.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
 msgstr "recount: förväntade rad: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1477
+#: builtin/apply.c:1479
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr "patch-fragment utan huvud på rad %d: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1494
+#: builtin/apply.c:1496
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
@@ -1613,82 +1909,78 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "sökvägskomponenter\n"
 "tas bort (rad %d)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1654
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
 msgid "new file depends on old contents"
 msgstr "ny fil beror på gammalt innehåll"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+#: builtin/apply.c:1658
 msgid "deleted file still has contents"
 msgstr "borttagen fil har fortfarande innehåll"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1682
+#: builtin/apply.c:1684
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
 msgstr "trasig patch på rad %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1718
+#: builtin/apply.c:1720
 #, c-format
 msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
 msgstr "nya filen %s beror på gammalt innehåll"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1720
+#: builtin/apply.c:1722
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
 msgstr "borttagna filen %s har fortfarande innehåll"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#: builtin/apply.c:1725
 #, c-format
 msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
 msgstr "** varning: filen %s blir tom men har inte tagits bort"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1869
+#: builtin/apply.c:1871
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr "trasig binärpatch på rad %d: %.*s"
 
 #. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
-#: builtin/apply.c:1898
+#: builtin/apply.c:1900
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
 msgstr "binärpatchen på rad %d känns inte igen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1984
+#: builtin/apply.c:1986
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
 msgstr "patch med bara skräp på rad %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2074
+#: builtin/apply.c:2076
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa symboliska länken %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2078
+#: builtin/apply.c:2080
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open or read %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte öppna eller läsa %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2149
-msgid "oops"
-msgstr "hoppsan"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2671
+#: builtin/apply.c:2688
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
 msgstr "felaktig inledning på rad: \"%c\""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2789
+#: builtin/apply.c:2806
 #, c-format
 msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
 msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
 msgstr[0] "Stycke %d lyckades på %d (offset %d rad)."
 msgstr[1] "Stycke %d lyckades på %d (offset %d rader)."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2801
+#: builtin/apply.c:2818
 #, c-format
 msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
 msgstr "Sammanhang reducerat till (%ld/%ld) för att tillämpa fragment vid %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2807
+#: builtin/apply.c:2824
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "while searching for:\n"
@@ -1697,318 +1989,318 @@ msgstr ""
 "vid sökning efter:\n"
 "%.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2826
+#: builtin/apply.c:2843
 #, c-format
 msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
 msgstr "saknar binära patchdata för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2929
+#: builtin/apply.c:2946
 #, c-format
 msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
 msgstr "binärpatchen kan inte tillämpas på \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2935
+#: builtin/apply.c:2952
 #, c-format
 msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
 msgstr "binärpatchen på \"%s\" ger felaktigt resultat (förväntade %s, fick %s)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2956
+#: builtin/apply.c:2973
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
 msgstr "patch misslyckades: %s:%ld"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3078
+#: builtin/apply.c:3095
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot checkout %s"
 msgstr "kan inte checka ut %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3123 builtin/apply.c:3132 builtin/apply.c:3176
+#: builtin/apply.c:3140 builtin/apply.c:3149 builtin/apply.c:3193
 #, c-format
 msgid "read of %s failed"
 msgstr "misslyckades läsa %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3156 builtin/apply.c:3378
+#: builtin/apply.c:3173 builtin/apply.c:3395
 #, c-format
 msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
 msgstr "sökvägen %s har ändrat namn/tagits bort"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3237 builtin/apply.c:3392
+#: builtin/apply.c:3254 builtin/apply.c:3409
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
 msgstr "%s: finns inte i indexet"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3241 builtin/apply.c:3384 builtin/apply.c:3406
+#: builtin/apply.c:3258 builtin/apply.c:3401 builtin/apply.c:3423
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s"
 msgstr "%s: %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3246 builtin/apply.c:3400
+#: builtin/apply.c:3263 builtin/apply.c:3417
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: does not match index"
 msgstr "%s: motsvarar inte indexet"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3348
+#: builtin/apply.c:3365
 msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
 msgstr "patch för borttagning lämnar kvar filinnehåll"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3417
+#: builtin/apply.c:3434
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: wrong type"
 msgstr "%s: fel typ"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3419
+#: builtin/apply.c:3436
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
 msgstr "%s har typen %o, förväntade %o"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3520
+#: builtin/apply.c:3537
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: already exists in index"
 msgstr "%s: finns redan i indexet"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3523
+#: builtin/apply.c:3540
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
 msgstr "%s: finns redan i arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3543
+#: builtin/apply.c:3560
 #, c-format
 msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
 msgstr "nytt läge (%o) för %s motsvarar inte gammalt läge (%o)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#: builtin/apply.c:3565
 #, c-format
 msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
 msgstr "nytt läge (%o) för %s motsvarar inte gammalt läge (%o) för %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3556
+#: builtin/apply.c:3573
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
 msgstr "%s: patchen kan inte tillämpas"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3569
+#: builtin/apply.c:3586
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking patch %s..."
 msgstr "Kontrollerar patchen %s..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3624 builtin/checkout.c:215 builtin/reset.c:158
+#: builtin/apply.c:3679 builtin/checkout.c:216 builtin/reset.c:124
 #, c-format
 msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
 msgstr "make_cache_entry misslyckades för sökvägen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3767
+#: builtin/apply.c:3822
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
 msgstr "kan inte ta bort %s från indexet"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3795
+#: builtin/apply.c:3850
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
 msgstr "trasig patch för underprojektet %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3799
+#: builtin/apply.c:3854
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte ta status på nyligen skapade filen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3804
+#: builtin/apply.c:3859
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
 msgstr "kan inte skapa säkerhetsminne för nyligen skapade filen %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3807 builtin/apply.c:3915
+#: builtin/apply.c:3862 builtin/apply.c:3970
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
 msgstr "kan inte lägga till cachepost för %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+#: builtin/apply.c:3895
 #, c-format
 msgid "closing file '%s'"
 msgstr "stänger filen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#: builtin/apply.c:3944
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
 msgstr "kan inte skriva filen \"%s\" läge %o"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+#: builtin/apply.c:4031
 #, c-format
 msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
 msgstr "Tillämpade patchen %s rent."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3984
+#: builtin/apply.c:4039
 msgid "internal error"
 msgstr "internt fel"
 
 #. Say this even without --verbose
-#: builtin/apply.c:3987
+#: builtin/apply.c:4042
 #, c-format
 msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
 msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
 msgstr[0] "Tillämpade patchen %%s med %d refuserad..."
 msgstr[1] "Tillämpade patchen %%s med %d refuserade..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3997
+#: builtin/apply.c:4052
 #, c-format
 msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
 msgstr "trunkerar .rej-filnamnet till %.*s.rej"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+#: builtin/apply.c:4073
 #, c-format
 msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
 msgstr "Stycke %d tillämpades rent."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+#: builtin/apply.c:4076
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
 msgstr "Refuserar stycke %d."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4171
+#: builtin/apply.c:4226
 msgid "unrecognized input"
 msgstr "indata känns inte igen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4182
+#: builtin/apply.c:4237
 msgid "unable to read index file"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa indexfilen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4301 builtin/apply.c:4304 builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/apply.c:4356 builtin/apply.c:4359 builtin/clone.c:92
 #: builtin/fetch.c:63
 msgid "path"
 msgstr "sökväg"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4302
+#: builtin/apply.c:4357
 msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
 msgstr "tillämpa inte ändringar som motsvarar given sökväg"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4305
+#: builtin/apply.c:4360
 msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
 msgstr "tillämpa ändringar som motsvarar given sökväg"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4307
+#: builtin/apply.c:4362
 msgid "num"
 msgstr "antal"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4308
+#: builtin/apply.c:4363
 msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
 msgstr "ta bort <antal> inledande snedstreck från traditionella diff-sökvägar"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4311
+#: builtin/apply.c:4366
 msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
 msgstr "ignorera tillägg gjorda av patchen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4313
+#: builtin/apply.c:4368
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
 msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, skriv ut diffstat för indata"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4317
+#: builtin/apply.c:4372
 msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
 msgstr "visa antal tillagda och borttagna rader decimalt"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4319
+#: builtin/apply.c:4374
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
 msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, skriv ut en summering av indata"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4321
+#: builtin/apply.c:4376
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
 msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, se om patchen kan tillämpas"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4323
+#: builtin/apply.c:4378
 msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
 msgstr "se till att patchen kan tillämpas på aktuellt index"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4325
+#: builtin/apply.c:4380
 msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
 msgstr "tillämpa en patch utan att röra arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4327
+#: builtin/apply.c:4382
 msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
 msgstr "tillämpa också patchen (använd med --stat/--summary/--check)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4329
+#: builtin/apply.c:4384
 msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
 msgstr "försök en trevägssammanslagning om patchen inte kan tillämpas"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4331
+#: builtin/apply.c:4386
 msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
 msgstr "bygg ett temporärt index baserat på inbyggd indexinformation"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4333 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/apply.c:4388 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:456
 msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
 msgstr "sökvägar avdelas med NUL-tecken"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4336
+#: builtin/apply.c:4391
 msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
 msgstr "se till att åtminstone <n> rader sammanhang är lika"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4337
+#: builtin/apply.c:4392
 msgid "action"
 msgstr "åtgärd"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4338
+#: builtin/apply.c:4393
 msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
 msgstr "detektera nya eller ändrade rader som har fel i blanktecken"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4341 builtin/apply.c:4344
+#: builtin/apply.c:4396 builtin/apply.c:4399
 msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
 msgstr "ignorera ändringar i blanktecken för sammanhang"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4347
+#: builtin/apply.c:4402
 msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
 msgstr "tillämpa patchen baklänges"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4349
+#: builtin/apply.c:4404
 msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
 msgstr "förvänta inte minst en rad sammanhang"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4351
+#: builtin/apply.c:4406
 msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
 msgstr "lämna refuserade stycken i motsvarande *.rej-filer"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4353
+#: builtin/apply.c:4408
 msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
 msgstr "tillåt överlappande stycken"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4356
+#: builtin/apply.c:4411
 msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
 msgstr "tolerera felaktigt detekterade saknade nyradstecken vid filslut"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4359
+#: builtin/apply.c:4414
 msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
 msgstr "lite inte på antalet linjer i styckehuvuden"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4361
+#: builtin/apply.c:4416
 msgid "root"
 msgstr "rot"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362
+#: builtin/apply.c:4417
 msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
 msgstr "lägg till <rot> i alla filnamn"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
+#: builtin/apply.c:4439
 msgid "--3way outside a repository"
 msgstr "--3way utanför arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
+#: builtin/apply.c:4447
 msgid "--index outside a repository"
 msgstr "--index utanför arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4395
+#: builtin/apply.c:4450
 msgid "--cached outside a repository"
 msgstr "--cached utanför arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4411
+#: builtin/apply.c:4466
 #, c-format
 msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte öppna patchen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4425
+#: builtin/apply.c:4480
 #, c-format
 msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
 msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
 msgstr[0] "undertryckte %d fel i blanksteg"
 msgstr[1] "undertryckte %d fel i blanksteg"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4431 builtin/apply.c:4441
+#: builtin/apply.c:4486 builtin/apply.c:4496
 #, c-format
 msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
 msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
@@ -2032,21 +2324,21 @@ msgstr "git archive: Fjärr utan URL"
 msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
 msgstr "git archive: förväntade ACK/NAK, fick EOF"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote error: %s"
 msgstr "fjärrfel: %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:66
+#: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive: protokollfel"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:71
+#: builtin/archive.c:68
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr "git archive: förväntade en tömning (flush)"
 
@@ -2066,119 +2358,119 @@ msgstr "uppdatera BISECT_HEAD istället för att checka ut aktuell incheckning"
 msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
 msgstr "git blame [flaggor] [rev-flaggor] [rev] [--] fil"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30 builtin/shortlog.c:15
+#: builtin/blame.c:30
 msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
 msgstr "[rev-flaggor] dokumenteras i git-rev-list(1)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2374
+#: builtin/blame.c:2355
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr "Visa klandringsposter när vi hittar dem, interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2375
+#: builtin/blame.c:2356
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Visa blank SHA-1 för gränsincheckningar (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2376
+#: builtin/blame.c:2357
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Behandla inte rotincheckningar som gränser (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2377
+#: builtin/blame.c:2358
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr "Visa statistik över arbetskostnad"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2378
+#: builtin/blame.c:2359
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr "Visa utdatapoäng för klandringsposter"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2379
+#: builtin/blame.c:2360
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr "Visa originalfilnamn (Standard: auto)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2380
+#: builtin/blame.c:2361
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Visa ursprungligt radnummer (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2381
+#: builtin/blame.c:2362
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr "Visa i ett format avsett för maskinkonsumtion"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2382
+#: builtin/blame.c:2363
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr "Visa porslinsformat med per-rad-incheckningsinformation"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2383
+#: builtin/blame.c:2364
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Använd samma utdataläge som git-annotate (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2384
+#: builtin/blame.c:2365
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Visa rå tidsstämpel (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2385
+#: builtin/blame.c:2366
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Visa lång inchecknings-SHA1 (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2386
+#: builtin/blame.c:2367
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Undertryck författarnamn och tidsstämpel (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2387
+#: builtin/blame.c:2368
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Visa författarens e-post istället för namn (Standard: av)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2388
+#: builtin/blame.c:2369
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr "Ignorera ändringar i blanksteg"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2389
+#: builtin/blame.c:2370
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr "Slösa extra cykler med att hitta bättre träff"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2390
+#: builtin/blame.c:2371
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr "Använd revisioner från <fil> istället för att anropa git-rev-list"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2391
+#: builtin/blame.c:2372
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr "Använd <fil>s innehåll som slutgiltig bild"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2392 builtin/blame.c:2393
+#: builtin/blame.c:2373 builtin/blame.c:2374
 msgid "score"
 msgstr "poäng"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2392
+#: builtin/blame.c:2373
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr "Hitta kopierade rader inuti och mellan filer"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2393
+#: builtin/blame.c:2374
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr "Hitta flyttade rader inuti och mellan filer"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr "Behandla endast radintervallet n,m, med början på 1"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:23
+#: builtin/branch.c:24
 msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 msgstr "git branch [flaggor] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
+#: builtin/branch.c:25
 msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
 msgstr "git branch [flaggor] [-l] [-f] <grennamn> [<startpunkt>]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
 msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
 msgstr "git branch [flaggor] [-r] (-d | -D) <grennamn>..."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
 msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
 msgstr "git branch [flaggor] (-m | -M) [<gammal_gren>] <ny_gren>"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:145
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
@@ -2187,7 +2479,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "tar bort grenen \"%s\" som har slagits ihop med\n"
 "         \"%s\", men ännu inte slagits ihop med HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:149
+#: builtin/branch.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
@@ -2196,12 +2488,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "tar inte bort grenen \"%s\" som inte har slagits ihop med\n"
 "         \"%s\", trots att den har slagits ihop med HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:163
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp incheckningsobjekt för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:167
+#: builtin/branch.c:172
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
@@ -2210,253 +2502,332 @@ msgstr ""
 "Grenen \"%s\" har inte slagits samman i sin helhet.\n"
 "Om du är säker på att du vill ta bort den, kör \"git branch -D %s\"."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:180
+#: builtin/branch.c:185
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Misslyckades uppdatera konfigurationsfil"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:208
+#: builtin/branch.c:213
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "kan inte ange -a med -d"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:214
+#: builtin/branch.c:219
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp incheckningsobjekt för HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:222
+#: builtin/branch.c:227
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
 msgstr "Kan inte ta bort grenen \"%s\" som du befinner dig på för närvarande."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:235
+#: builtin/branch.c:240
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "fjärrgrenen \"%s\" hittades inte."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:236
+#: builtin/branch.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "grenen \"%s\" hittades inte."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:250
+#: builtin/branch.c:255
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Fel vid borttagning av fjärrgrenen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:251
+#: builtin/branch.c:256
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Fel vid borttagning av grenen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:258
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "Tog bort fjärrgrenen %s (var %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:259
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "Tog bort grenen %s (var %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:361
+#: builtin/branch.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
 msgstr "grenen \"%s\" pekar inte på en incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:433
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
 msgstr "[%s: bakom %d] "
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:435
+#: builtin/branch.c:455
 #, c-format
 msgid "[behind %d]"
 msgstr "[bakom %d] "
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:439
+#: builtin/branch.c:459
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
 msgstr "[%s: före %d] "
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:441
+#: builtin/branch.c:461
 #, c-format
 msgid "[ahead %d]"
 msgstr "[före %d] "
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:444
+#: builtin/branch.c:464
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
 msgstr "[%s: före %d, bakom %d] "
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:447
+#: builtin/branch.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
 msgstr "[före %d, bakom %d] "
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:560
+#: builtin/branch.c:490
+msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
+msgstr " **** ogiltig ref ****"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:582
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(ingen gren, ombaserar %s)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:585
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(ingen gren, \"bisect\" startad på %s)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "(detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(frånkopplad från %s)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "(no branch)"
 msgstr "(ingen gren)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:625
+#: builtin/branch.c:637
+#, c-format
+msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "objektet \"%s\" pekar på en incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:669
 msgid "some refs could not be read"
 msgstr "vissa referenser kunde inte läsas"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:638
+#: builtin/branch.c:682
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr ""
 "kunde inte byta namn på aktuell gren när du inte befinner dig på någon."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:648
+#: builtin/branch.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Felaktigt namn på gren: \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:663
+#: builtin/branch.c:707
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "Misslyckades byta namn på gren"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:667
+#: builtin/branch.c:711
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
 msgstr "Bytte bort namn på en felaktigt namngiven gren \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:671
+#: builtin/branch.c:715
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "Grenen namnbytt till %s, men HEAD har inte uppdaterats!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:678
+#: builtin/branch.c:722
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Grenen namnbytt, men misslyckades uppdatera konfigurationsfilen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:693
+#: builtin/branch.c:737
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed object name %s"
 msgstr "felformat objektnamn %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:717
+#: builtin/branch.c:761
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva grenbeskrivningsmall: %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:747
+#: builtin/branch.c:791
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr "Allmänna flaggor"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:749
+#: builtin/branch.c:793
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr "visa hash och ärenderad, ange två gånger för uppströmsgren"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:750
+#: builtin/branch.c:794
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr "undertryck informationsmeddelanden"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:751
+#: builtin/branch.c:795
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr "ställ in spårningsläge (se git-pull(1))"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:753
+#: builtin/branch.c:797
 msgid "change upstream info"
 msgstr "ändra uppströmsinformation"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:757
+#: builtin/branch.c:801
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr "använd färgad utdata"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:758
+#: builtin/branch.c:802
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "arbeta på fjärrspårande grenar"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:761 builtin/branch.c:767 builtin/branch.c:788
-#: builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/commit.c:1377
-#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/tag.c:470
+#: builtin/branch.c:805 builtin/branch.c:811 builtin/branch.c:832
+#: builtin/branch.c:838 builtin/commit.c:1368 builtin/commit.c:1369
+#: builtin/commit.c:1370 builtin/commit.c:1371 builtin/tag.c:468
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:762 builtin/branch.c:768
+#: builtin/branch.c:806 builtin/branch.c:812
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
 msgstr "visa endast grenar som innehåller incheckningen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:774
+#: builtin/branch.c:818
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr "Specifika git-branch-åtgärder:"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:775
+#: builtin/branch.c:819
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "visa både fjärrspårande och lokala grenar"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:777
+#: builtin/branch.c:821
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr "ta bort helt sammanslagen gren"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:778
+#: builtin/branch.c:822
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr "ta bort gren (även om inte helt sammanslagen)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:779
+#: builtin/branch.c:823
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr "flytta/ta bort en gren och dess reflogg"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:780
+#: builtin/branch.c:824
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr "flytta/ta bort en gren, även om målet finns"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:781
+#: builtin/branch.c:825
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr "lista namn på grenar"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:782
+#: builtin/branch.c:826
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr "skapa grenens reflogg"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:784
+#: builtin/branch.c:828
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr "redigera beskrivning för grenen"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:785
+#: builtin/branch.c:829
 msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
 msgstr "tvinga skapande (när den redan finns)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:788
+#: builtin/branch.c:832
 msgid "print only not merged branches"
 msgstr "visa endast ej sammanslagna grenar"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:794
+#: builtin/branch.c:838
 msgid "print only merged branches"
 msgstr "visa endast sammanslagna grenar"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:798
+#: builtin/branch.c:842
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr "visa grenar i spalter"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:811
+#: builtin/branch.c:855
 msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
 msgstr "Misslyckades slå upp HEAD som giltig referens"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816 builtin/clone.c:561
+#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/clone.c:619
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "HEAD hittades inte under refs/heads!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:836
+#: builtin/branch.c:883
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column och --verbose är inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:887
+#: builtin/branch.c:889 builtin/branch.c:928
+msgid "branch name required"
+msgstr "grennamn krävs"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:904
+msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
+msgstr "Kan inte beskriva frånkopplad HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:909
+msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
+msgstr "kan inte redigera beskrivning för mer än en gren"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
+msgstr "Inga incheckningar på grenen \"%s\" ännu"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:919
+#, c-format
+msgid "No branch named '%s'."
+msgstr "Ingen gren vid namnet \"%s\"."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:934
+msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
+msgstr "för många grenar för namnbyte"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:939
+msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
+msgstr "för många grenar för att byta uppström"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"kunde inte sätta uppström för HEAD till %s när det inte pekar mot någon gren."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:946 builtin/branch.c:968 builtin/branch.c:990
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch '%s'"
+msgstr "okänd gren \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:950
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "grenen \"%s\" finns inte"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:899
+#: builtin/branch.c:962
+msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
+msgstr "för många grenar för att ta bort uppström"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:966
+msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"kunde inte ta bort uppström för HEAD när det inte pekar mot någon gren."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" har ingen uppströmsinformation"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914
+#: builtin/branch.c:987
+msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+msgstr "kan inte skapa \"HEAD\" manuellt"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:993
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 "flaggorna -a och -r på \"git branch\" kan inte anges tillsammans med ett "
 "grennamn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:917
+#: builtin/branch.c:996
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
@@ -2465,7 +2836,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Flaggan --set-upstream rekommenderas ej och kommer tas bort. Använd --track "
 "eller --set-upstream-to\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:1013
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -2476,12 +2847,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Om du vill göra så att \"%s\" spårar \"%s\" gör du så här:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:935
+#: builtin/branch.c:1014
 #, c-format
 msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
 msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:936
+#: builtin/branch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
 msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
@@ -2499,43 +2870,43 @@ msgstr "Behöver ett arkiv för att skapa ett paket (bundle)."
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr "Behöver ett arkiv för att packa upp ett paket (bundle)."
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:247
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:176
 msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
 msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<typ>|--textconv) <objekt>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:248
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:177
 msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
 msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <objektlista>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:266
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:195
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr "<typ> kan vara en av: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:267
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:196
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr "visa objekttyp"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:268
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:197
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr "visa objektstorlek"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:270
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:199
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr "avsluta med noll när det inte uppstått något fel"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:271
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:200
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr "visa objektets innehåll snyggt"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:273
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:202
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
 msgstr "för blob-objekt, kör textconv på objektets innehåll"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:275
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:204
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "visa information och innehåll för objekt som listas på standard in"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:278
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:207
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "visa information för objekt som listas på standard in"
 
@@ -2555,14 +2926,38 @@ msgstr "visa alla attribut som satts på filen"
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr "använd .gitattributes endast från indexet"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/hash-object.c:75
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:75
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr "läs filnamn från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
 msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
 msgstr "sökvägar avdelas med null-tecken"
 
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1044 builtin/gc.c:177
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "undertryck förloppsrapportering"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:146
+msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+msgstr "kan inte ange sökvägsnamn med --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:149
+msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
+msgstr "-z kan endast användas tillsammans med --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:151
+msgid "no path specified"
+msgstr "ingen sökväg angavs"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:155
+msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+msgstr "--quiet kan endast användas med ett enkelt sökvägsnamn"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
+msgstr "kan inte använda både --quiet och --verbose"
+
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
 msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
 msgstr "git checkout-index [flaggor] [--] [<fil>...]"
@@ -2615,106 +3010,106 @@ msgstr "git checkout [flaggor] <gren>"
 msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
 msgstr "git checkout [flaggor] [<gren>] -- <fil>..."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#: builtin/checkout.c:117 builtin/checkout.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte vår version"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:118 builtin/checkout.c:151
+#: builtin/checkout.c:119 builtin/checkout.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte deras version"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134
+#: builtin/checkout.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" innehåller inte alla nödvändiga versioner"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:178
+#: builtin/checkout.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" innehåller inte nödvändiga versioner"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout.c:196
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr "sökväg \"%s\": kan inte slå ihop"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:213
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till sammanslagningsresultat för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/checkout.c:239 builtin/checkout.c:242
-#: builtin/checkout.c:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:237 builtin/checkout.c:240 builtin/checkout.c:243
+#: builtin/checkout.c:246
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
 msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas vid uppdatering av sökvägar"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:248 builtin/checkout.c:251
+#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas med %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:254
+#: builtin/checkout.c:255
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr "Kan inte uppdatera sökvägar och växla till grenen \"%s\" samtidigt."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:426
+#: builtin/checkout.c:266 builtin/checkout.c:458
 msgid "corrupt index file"
 msgstr "indexfilen är trasig"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:302
+#: builtin/checkout.c:329 builtin/checkout.c:336
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte slagits ihop"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:448
+#: builtin/checkout.c:480
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
 msgstr "du måste lösa ditt befintliga index först"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:569
+#: builtin/checkout.c:601
 #, c-format
 msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Kan inte skapa referenslog för \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:602
+#: builtin/checkout.c:634
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "HEAD är nu på"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:609
+#: builtin/checkout.c:641
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Återställ gren \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:612
+#: builtin/checkout.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Redan på \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:616
+#: builtin/checkout.c:648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Växlade till och nollställde grenen \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:618 builtin/checkout.c:955
+#: builtin/checkout.c:650 builtin/checkout.c:987
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Växlade till en ny gren \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:620
+#: builtin/checkout.c:652
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Växlade till grenen \"%s\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:676
+#: builtin/checkout.c:708
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr " ... och %d till.\n"
 
 #. The singular version
-#: builtin/checkout.c:682
+#: builtin/checkout.c:714
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -2737,7 +3132,7 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:700
+#: builtin/checkout.c:732
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
@@ -2752,136 +3147,136 @@ msgstr ""
 " git branch nytt_grennamn %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:730
+#: builtin/checkout.c:762
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "internt fel vid genomgång av revisioner (revision walk)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:734
+#: builtin/checkout.c:766
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "Tidigare position för HEAD var"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:761 builtin/checkout.c:950
+#: builtin/checkout.c:793 builtin/checkout.c:982
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "Du är på en gren som ännu inte är född"
 
 #. case (1)
-#: builtin/checkout.c:886
+#: builtin/checkout.c:918
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "felaktig referens: %s"
 
 #. case (1): want a tree
-#: builtin/checkout.c:925
+#: builtin/checkout.c:957
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "referensen är inte ett träd: %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:964
+#: builtin/checkout.c:996
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "sökvägar kan inte användas vid byte av gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:967 builtin/checkout.c:971
+#: builtin/checkout.c:999 builtin/checkout.c:1003
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas vid byte av gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:975 builtin/checkout.c:978 builtin/checkout.c:983
-#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1007 builtin/checkout.c:1010 builtin/checkout.c:1015
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
 msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas med \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1023
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr "Kan inte växla gren till icke-incheckningen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1012 builtin/gc.c:177
-msgid "suppress progress reporting"
-msgstr "undertryck förloppsrapportering"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1013 builtin/checkout.c:1015 builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1045 builtin/checkout.c:1047 builtin/clone.c:90
 #: builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/remote.c:171
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr "gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1014
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1046
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr "skapa och checka ut en ny gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1048
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr "skapa/nollställ och checka ut en gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1017
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1049
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr "skapa reflogg för ny gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1050
 msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
 msgstr "koppla från HEAD vid namngiven incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1051
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr "sätt uppströmsinformation för ny gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
 msgid "new branch"
 msgstr "ny gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr "ny gren utan förälder"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1022
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1054
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "checka ut vår version för ej sammanslagna filer"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1024
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1056
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr "checka ut deras version för ej sammanslagna filer"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1026
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr "tvinga utcheckning (kasta bort lokala ändringar)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1027
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr "utför en 3-vägssammanslagning för den nya grenen"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1028 builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1060 builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr "uppdatera ignorerade filer (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1029 builtin/log.c:1116 parse-options.h:241
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1061 builtin/log.c:1158 parse-options.h:245
 msgid "style"
 msgstr "stil"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1030
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1062
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr "konfliktstil (merge eller diff3)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1033
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1065
+msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
+msgstr "begränsa inte sökvägar till endast glesa poster"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1067
 msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
 msgstr "förutspå \"git checkout gren-saknas\""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1057
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1091
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
 msgstr "-b, -B och --orphan är ömsesidigt uteslutande"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1108
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr "--track behöver ett namn på en gren"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr "Grennamn saknas; försök med -b"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1150
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "felaktig sökvägsangivelse"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1157
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
@@ -2890,12 +3285,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Kan inte uppdatera sökvägar och växla till grenen \"%s\" samtidigt.\n"
 "Ville du checka ut \"%s\" som inte kan lösas som en utcheckning?"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1162
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr "git checkout: --detach tar inte en sökväg som argument \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1166
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
@@ -2903,52 +3298,77 @@ msgstr ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force och --merge är inkompatibla när\n"
 "du checkar ut från indexet."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:19
+#: builtin/clean.c:20
 msgid "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
 msgstr ""
 "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <mönster>] [-x | -X] [--] <sökvägar>..."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:51
+#: builtin/clean.c:24
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Tar bort %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:25
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Skulle ta bort %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:26
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
+msgstr "Hoppar över arkivet %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:27
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
+msgstr "Skulle hoppa över arkivet %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:28
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:160
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr "skriv inte ut namn på borttagna filer"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:53
+#: builtin/clean.c:162
 msgid "force"
 msgstr "tvinga"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:55
+#: builtin/clean.c:164
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr "ta bort hela kataloger"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:56 builtin/describe.c:413 builtin/grep.c:717
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:491 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
+#: builtin/clean.c:165 builtin/describe.c:412 builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:487 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr "mönster"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:57
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr "lägg till <mönster> till ignoreringsregler"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:58
+#: builtin/clean.c:167
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr "ta även bort ignorerade filer"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:60
+#: builtin/clean.c:169
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr "ta endast bort ignorerade filer"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:78
+#: builtin/clean.c:187
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr "-x och -X kan inte användas samtidigt"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:82
+#: builtin/clean.c:191
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
 msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce satt till true, men varken -n eller -f angavs; vägrar "
 "städa"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:85
+#: builtin/clean.c:194
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
@@ -2956,237 +3376,234 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce har standardvärdet true, men varken -n eller -f angavs; "
 "vägrar städa"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
-#, c-format
-msgid "Would remove %s\n"
-msgstr "Skulle ta bort %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
-#, c-format
-msgid "Removing %s\n"
-msgstr "Tar bort %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to remove %s"
-msgstr "misslyckades ta bort %s"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:166
-#, c-format
-msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
-msgstr "Skulle inte ta bort %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:168
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not removing %s\n"
-msgstr "Tar inte bort %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:36
+#: builtin/clone.c:37
 msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
 msgstr "git clone [flaggor] [--] <arkiv> [<kat>]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:64 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:212
-#: builtin/push.c:399
+#: builtin/clone.c:65 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/push.c:436
 msgid "force progress reporting"
 msgstr "tvinga förloppsrapportering"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:66
+#: builtin/clone.c:67
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr "skapa inte någon utcheckning"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:67 builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/init-db.c:488
+#: builtin/clone.c:68 builtin/clone.c:70 builtin/init-db.c:488
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr "skapa ett naket (\"bare\") arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:72
+#: builtin/clone.c:73
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
 msgstr "skapa ett spegelarkiv (implicerar \"bare\")"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:74
+#: builtin/clone.c:75
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr "för att klona från ett lokalt arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:76
+#: builtin/clone.c:77
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr "skapa inte lokala hårda länkar, kopiera alltid"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:78
+#: builtin/clone.c:79
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr "skapa som ett delat arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr "initiera undermoduler i klonen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr "mallkatalog"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr "katalog att använda mallar från"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:86
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr "referensarkiv"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
 msgid "name"
 msgstr "namn"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88
+#: builtin/clone.c:89
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
 msgstr "använd <namn> istället för \"origin\" för att spåra uppströms"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:90
+#: builtin/clone.c:91
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
 msgstr "checka ut <gren> istället för fjärrens HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:92
+#: builtin/clone.c:93
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr "sökväg till git-upload-pack på fjärren"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
+#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr "djup"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94
+#: builtin/clone.c:95
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr "skapa en grund klon på detta djup"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:96
+#: builtin/clone.c:97
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr "klona endast en gren, HEAD eller --branch"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:494
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr "gitkat"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+#: builtin/clone.c:99 builtin/init-db.c:495
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr "separera gitkatalogen från arbetskatalogen"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr "nyckel=värde"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100
+#: builtin/clone.c:101
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr "ställ in konfiguration i det nya arkivet"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#: builtin/clone.c:254
 #, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
-msgstr "referensarkivet \"%s\" är inte en lokal katalog."
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "referensarkivet \"%s\" är inte ett lokalt arkiv."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#: builtin/clone.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades skapa katalogen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:319 builtin/diff.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades ta status på \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#: builtin/clone.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr "%s finns och är ingen katalog"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#: builtin/clone.c:335
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr "misslyckades ta status på %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#: builtin/clone.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades skapa länken \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#: builtin/clone.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades kopiera filen till \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#: builtin/clone.c:384
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "klart.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:443
+#: builtin/clone.c:397
+msgid ""
+"Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
+"You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
+"and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Klonen lyckades, men utcheckningen misslyckades.\n"
+"Du kan inspektera det som checkades ut med \"git status\"\n"
+"och försöka checka ut igen med \"git checkout -f HEAD\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:476
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr "Kunde inte hitta fjärrgrenen %s för att klona."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:552
+#: builtin/clone.c:550
+msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
+msgstr "fjärren sände inte alla nödvändiga objekt"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:610
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "HEAD hos fjärren pekar på en obefintlig referens, kan inte checka ut.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:690
+#: builtin/clone.c:641
+msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
+msgstr "kunde inte checka ut arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:749
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "För många argument."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:694
+#: builtin/clone.c:753
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr "Du måste ange ett arkiv att klona."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:705
+#: builtin/clone.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr "flaggorna --bare och --origin %s är inkompatibla."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:719
+#: builtin/clone.c:767
+msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
+msgstr "flaggorna --bare och --separate-git-dir är inkompatibla."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:780
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "arkivet \"%s\" finns inte"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:724
+#: builtin/clone.c:785
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr "--depth ignoreras i lokala kloningar; använd file:// istället"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:734
+#: builtin/clone.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr "destinationssökvägen \"%s\" finns redan och är inte en tom katalog."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:744
+#: builtin/clone.c:805
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "arbetsträdet \"%s\" finns redan."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:757 builtin/clone.c:771
+#: builtin/clone.c:818 builtin/clone.c:830
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa inledande kataloger för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:760
+#: builtin/clone.c:821
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa arbetskatalogen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:779
+#: builtin/clone.c:840
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "Klonar till ett naket arkiv \"%s\"...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:781
+#: builtin/clone.c:842
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "Klonar till \"%s\"...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:823
+#: builtin/clone.c:877
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
 msgstr "Vet inte hur man klonar %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:926
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "Fjärrgrenen %s hittades inte i uppströmsarkivet %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:879
+#: builtin/clone.c:933
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr "Du verkar ha klonat ett tomt arkiv."
 
@@ -3223,12 +3640,12 @@ msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr "--command måste vara första argument"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:34
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git commit [flaggor] [--] <filmöster>..."
+msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [flaggor] [--] <sökväg>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:39
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git status [flaggor] [--] <filmönster>..."
+msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [flaggor] [--] <sökväg>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:44
 msgid ""
@@ -3281,93 +3698,93 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Annars använder du \"git reset\"\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:258
+#: builtin/commit.c:260
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr "misslyckades packa upp HEAD:s trädobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:300
+#: builtin/commit.c:302
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa temporär indexfil"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:306
+#: builtin/commit.c:308
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "interaktiv tilläggning misslyckades"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:339 builtin/commit.c:360 builtin/commit.c:410
+#: builtin/commit.c:341 builtin/commit.c:362 builtin/commit.c:412
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva filen new_index"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:391
+#: builtin/commit.c:393
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr "kan inte utföra en delvis incheckning under en sammanslagning."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:393
+#: builtin/commit.c:395
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr "kan inte utföra en delvis incheckning under en cherry-pick."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:403
+#: builtin/commit.c:405
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa indexet"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:423
+#: builtin/commit.c:425
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva temporär indexfil"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:511 builtin/commit.c:517
+#: builtin/commit.c:513 builtin/commit.c:519
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid commit: %s"
 msgstr "felaktig incheckning: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:540
+#: builtin/commit.c:542
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr "felformad \"--author\"-flagga"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:560
+#: builtin/commit.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
 msgstr "Felaktig indragningssträng: \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:598 builtin/commit.c:631 builtin/commit.c:954
+#: builtin/commit.c:600 builtin/commit.c:633 builtin/commit.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte slå upp incheckningen %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:610 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#: builtin/commit.c:612 builtin/shortlog.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr "(läser loggmeddelande från standard in)\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:612
+#: builtin/commit.c:614
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa logg från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:616
+#: builtin/commit.c:618
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa loggfilen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:622
+#: builtin/commit.c:624
 msgid "commit has empty message"
 msgstr "incheckningen har ett tomt meddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:638
+#: builtin/commit.c:640
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa MERGE_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:642
+#: builtin/commit.c:644
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:646
+#: builtin/commit.c:648
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:707
+#: builtin/commit.c:709
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva incheckningsmall"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:718
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -3382,7 +3799,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "och försöker igen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:723
+#: builtin/commit.c:725
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -3397,157 +3814,160 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "och försöker igen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:735
+#: builtin/commit.c:737
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+"with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Ange incheckningsmeddelandet för dina ändringar. Rader som inleds\n"
-"med \"#\" kommer ignoreras, och ett tomt meddelande avbryter incheckningen.\n"
+"med \"%c\" kommer ignoreras, och ett tomt meddelande avbryter "
+"incheckningen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:740
+#: builtin/commit.c:742
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
 "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Ange incheckningsmeddelandet för dina ändringar. Rader som inleds\n"
-"med \"#\" kommer behållas; du kan själv ta bort dem om du vill.\n"
+"med \"%c\" kommer behållas; du kan själv ta bort dem om du vill.\n"
 "Ett tomt meddelande avbryter incheckningen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:753
+#: builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
 msgstr "%sFörfattare: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:760
+#: builtin/commit.c:762
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
 msgstr "%sIncheckare: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:780
+#: builtin/commit.c:782
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr "Kan inte läsa indexet"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:817
+#: builtin/commit.c:819
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "Fel vid byggande av träd"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832 builtin/tag.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:834 builtin/tag.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr "Ange meddelandet en av flaggorna -m eller -F.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:929
+#: builtin/commit.c:931
 #, c-format
 msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
 msgstr "Hittade ingen befintlig författare med \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:944 builtin/commit.c:1148
+#: builtin/commit.c:946 builtin/commit.c:1140
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr "Ogiltigt läge för ospårade filer: \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:984
+#: builtin/commit.c:976
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr "Kan inte använda både --reset-author och --author"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:995
+#: builtin/commit.c:987
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr "Du har inget att utöka."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:998
+#: builtin/commit.c:990
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "Du är i mitten av en sammanslagning -- kan inte utöka."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1000
+#: builtin/commit.c:992
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "Du är i mitten av en cherry-pick -- kan inte utöka."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1003
+#: builtin/commit.c:995
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr "Flaggorna --squash och --fixup kan inte användas samtidigt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1013
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr "Endast en av -c/-C/-F/--fixup kan användas."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1015
+#: builtin/commit.c:1007
 msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
 msgstr "Flaggan -m kan inte kombineras med -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1023
+#: builtin/commit.c:1015
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr "--reset-author kan endast användas med -C, -c eller --amend."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1040
+#: builtin/commit.c:1032
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
 "Endast en av --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch kan användas."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1042
+#: builtin/commit.c:1034
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr "Du måste ange sökvägar tillsammans med --include/--only."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1044
+#: builtin/commit.c:1036
 msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
 msgstr "Smart... utöka den senaste med smutsigt index."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1046
+#: builtin/commit.c:1038
 msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
 msgstr "Explicita sökvägar angavs utan -i eller -o; antar --only sökvägar..."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1056 builtin/tag.c:577
+#: builtin/commit.c:1048 builtin/tag.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "Felaktigt städningsläge %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1061
+#: builtin/commit.c:1053
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr "Kan inte ange sökvägar med -a."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1067 builtin/commit.c:1202
+#: builtin/commit.c:1059 builtin/commit.c:1194
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr "--long och -z är inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1162 builtin/commit.c:1398
+#: builtin/commit.c:1154 builtin/commit.c:1390
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr "vis koncis status"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1400
+#: builtin/commit.c:1156 builtin/commit.c:1392
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr "visa information om gren"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/push.c:389
+#: builtin/commit.c:1158 builtin/commit.c:1394 builtin/push.c:426
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr "maskinläsbar utdata"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1169 builtin/commit.c:1404
+#: builtin/commit.c:1161 builtin/commit.c:1396
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr "visa status i långt format (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1172 builtin/commit.c:1407
+#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1399
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr "terminera poster med NUL"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1174 builtin/commit.c:1410 builtin/fast-export.c:636
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:639 builtin/tag.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/fast-export.c:659
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:662 builtin/tag.c:459
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr "läge"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1175 builtin/commit.c:1410
+#: builtin/commit.c:1167 builtin/commit.c:1402
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr "visa ospårade filer, valfria lägen: alla, normal, no. (Standard: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1170
 msgid "show ignored files"
 msgstr "visa ignorerade filer"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1179 parse-options.h:151
+#: builtin/commit.c:1171 parse-options.h:151
 msgid "when"
 msgstr "när"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1180
+#: builtin/commit.c:1172
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
@@ -3555,217 +3975,217 @@ msgstr ""
 "ignorera ändringar i undermoduler, valfritt när: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1182
+#: builtin/commit.c:1174
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr "visa ospårade filer i spalter"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1256
+#: builtin/commit.c:1248
 msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
 msgstr "kunde inte slå upp en precis skapad incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1258
+#: builtin/commit.c:1250
 msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
 msgstr "kunde inte tolka en precis skapad incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1299
+#: builtin/commit.c:1291
 msgid "detached HEAD"
 msgstr "frånkopplad HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1301
+#: builtin/commit.c:1293
 msgid " (root-commit)"
 msgstr " (rotincheckning)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1368
+#: builtin/commit.c:1360
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr "undertryck sammanfattning efter framgångsrik incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1369
+#: builtin/commit.c:1361
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr "visa diff i mallen för incheckningsmeddelandet"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1371
+#: builtin/commit.c:1363
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningsmeddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1372 builtin/tag.c:459
+#: builtin/commit.c:1364 builtin/tag.c:457
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr "läs meddelande från fil"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365
 msgid "author"
 msgstr "författare"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr "överstyr författare för incheckningen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1374 builtin/gc.c:178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1366 builtin/gc.c:178
 msgid "date"
 msgstr "datum"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1374
+#: builtin/commit.c:1366
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr "överstyr datum för inchecknignen"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1375 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/notes.c:537
-#: builtin/notes.c:694 builtin/tag.c:457
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367 builtin/merge.c:208 builtin/notes.c:533
+#: builtin/notes.c:690 builtin/tag.c:455
 msgid "message"
 msgstr "meddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1375
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr "incheckningsmeddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1376
+#: builtin/commit.c:1368
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr "återanvänd och redigera meddelande från angiven incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1377
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr "återanvänd meddelande från angiven incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1378
+#: builtin/commit.c:1370
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "använd autosquash-formaterat meddelande för att fixa angiven incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1379
+#: builtin/commit.c:1371
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "använd autosquash-formaterat meddelande för att slå ihop med angiven "
 "incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1380
+#: builtin/commit.c:1372
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
 msgstr "jag är nu författare av incheckningen (används med -C/-c/--amend)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1381 builtin/log.c:1073 builtin/revert.c:109
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373 builtin/log.c:1113 builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr "lägg till Signed-off-by:"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1382
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374
 msgid "use specified template file"
 msgstr "använd angiven mallfil"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1383
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr "tvinga redigering av incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1384
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376
 msgid "default"
 msgstr "standard"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1384 builtin/tag.c:462
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr "hur blanksteg och #kommentarer skall tas bort från meddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1385
+#: builtin/commit.c:1377
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr "inkludera status i mallen för incheckningsmeddelandet"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1386 builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/tag.c:463
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/merge.c:215 builtin/tag.c:461
 msgid "key id"
 msgstr "nyckel-id"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1387 builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/merge.c:216
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr "GPG-signera incheckning"
 
 #. end commit message options
-#: builtin/commit.c:1390
+#: builtin/commit.c:1382
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningens innehåll"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1391
+#: builtin/commit.c:1383
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr "checka in alla ändrade filer"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr "lägg till angivna filer till indexet för incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1393
+#: builtin/commit.c:1385
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr "lägg till filer interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1394
+#: builtin/commit.c:1386
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr "lägg till ändringar interaktivt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1395
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr "checka endast in angivna filer"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1396
+#: builtin/commit.c:1388
 msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
 msgstr "förbigå pre-commit-krok"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1397
+#: builtin/commit.c:1389
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr "visa vad som skulle checkas in"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1408
+#: builtin/commit.c:1400
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr "lägg till föregående incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1409
+#: builtin/commit.c:1401
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr "förbigå post-rewrite-krok"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1414
+#: builtin/commit.c:1406
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr "ok att registrera en tom ändring"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1417
+#: builtin/commit.c:1409
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr "ok att registrera en ändring med tomt meddelande"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1449
+#: builtin/commit.c:1441
 msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
 msgstr "kunde inte tolka HEAD:s incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1487 builtin/merge.c:508
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479 builtin/merge.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
 msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för läsning"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/commit.c:1486
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr "Trasig MERGE_HEAD-fil (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1501
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa MERGE_MODE"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1520
+#: builtin/commit.c:1512
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa incheckningsmeddelande: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1534
+#: builtin/commit.c:1526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
 msgstr "Avbryter incheckning; meddelandet inte redigerat.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+#: builtin/commit.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
 msgstr "Avbryter på grund av tomt incheckningsmeddelande.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1554 builtin/merge.c:832 builtin/merge.c:857
+#: builtin/commit.c:1546 builtin/merge.c:847 builtin/merge.c:872
 msgid "failed to write commit object"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva incheckningsobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1575
+#: builtin/commit.c:1567
 msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
 msgstr "kunde inte låsa HEAD-referens"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1571
 msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
 msgstr "kunde inte uppdatera HEAD-referens"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1582
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
@@ -3892,9 +4312,13 @@ msgstr "terminera värden med NUL-byte"
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr "respektera inkluderingsdirektiv vid uppslag"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:69
-msgid "git count-objects [-v]"
-msgstr "git count-objects [-v]"
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:82
+msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:97
+msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
+msgstr "skriv storlekar i människoläsbart format"
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:15
 msgid "git describe [options] <committish>*"
@@ -3904,47 +4328,47 @@ msgstr "git describe [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>*"
 msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
 msgstr "git describe [flaggor] --dirty"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#: builtin/describe.c:233
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr "den annoterade taggen %s inte tillgänglig"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:237
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr "den annoterade taggen %s har inget inbäddat namn"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#: builtin/describe.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr "taggen \"%s\" är i verkligheten \"%s\" här"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#: builtin/describe.c:266
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
 msgstr "Objektnamnet är inte giltigt: %s"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:269
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
 msgstr "%s är inte ett giltigt \"%s\"-objekt"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#: builtin/describe.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr "ingen tagg motsvarar \"%s\" exakt"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#: builtin/describe.c:288
 #, c-format
 msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
 msgstr "söker för att beskriva %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#: builtin/describe.c:328
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "avslutade sökning på %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#: builtin/describe.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -3953,7 +4377,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Inga annoterade taggar kan beskriva \"%s\".\n"
 "Det finns dock oannoterade taggar: testa --tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#: builtin/describe.c:356
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -3962,12 +4386,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Inga taggar kan beskriva \"%s\".\n"
 "Testa --always, eller skapa några taggar."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#: builtin/describe.c:377
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "traverserade %lu incheckningar\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#: builtin/describe.c:380
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
@@ -3976,59 +4400,59 @@ msgstr ""
 "mer än %i taggar hittades; listar de %i senaste\n"
 "gav upp sökningen vid %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:403
+#: builtin/describe.c:402
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr "hitta taggen som kommer efter incheckningen"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:403
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr "felsök sökstrategin på standard fel"
 
+#: builtin/describe.c:404
+msgid "use any ref"
+msgstr "använd alla referenser"
+
 #: builtin/describe.c:405
-msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
-msgstr "använd alla referenser i .git/refs"
+msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
+msgstr "använd alla taggar, även oannoterade"
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:406
-msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
-msgstr "använd alla taggar i .git/refs/tags"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:407
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr "använd alltid långt format"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410
+#: builtin/describe.c:409
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr "skriv endast ut exakta träffar"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:411
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr "överväg de <n> nyaste taggarna (standard: 10)"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:414
+#: builtin/describe.c:413
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "överväg endast taggar som motsvarar <mönster>"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:416 builtin/name-rev.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:415 builtin/name-rev.c:238
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr "visa förkortade incheckningsobjekt som standard"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:417
+#: builtin/describe.c:416
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr "märke"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:418
+#: builtin/describe.c:417
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr "lägg till <märke> på lortigt arbetsträd (standard: \"-dirty\")"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:436
+#: builtin/describe.c:435
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr "--long är inkompatibel med --abbrev=0"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:462
+#: builtin/describe.c:461
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr "Inga namn hittades, kan inte beskriva något."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:482
+#: builtin/describe.c:481
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
 msgstr "--dirty är inkompatibelt med \"committish\"-värden"
 
@@ -4070,39 +4494,39 @@ msgstr "ej hanterat objekt \"%s\" angavs."
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-flaggor]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:635
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:658
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr "visa förlopp efter <n> objekt"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:637
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:660
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
 msgstr "välj hantering av signerade taggar"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:640
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:663
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr "välj hantering av taggar som har taggfiltrerade objekt"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:643
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:666
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr "Dump märken till filen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:645
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:668
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr "Importera märken från filen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:647
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:670
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr "Fejka taggare när taggen saknar en"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:649
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:672
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr "Skriv ut hela trädet för varje incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:651
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:674
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr "Använd done-funktionen för att avsluta strömmen"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:652
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:675
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
 msgstr "Hoppa över skrivning av blob-data"
 
@@ -4174,88 +4598,92 @@ msgstr "tillåt uppdatering av HEAD-referens"
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr "fördjupa historik för grund klon"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:85 builtin/log.c:1088
+#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+msgstr "konvertera till komplett arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:88 builtin/log.c:1130
 msgid "dir"
 msgstr "kat"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+#: builtin/fetch.c:89
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr "lägg till i början av undermodulens sökvägsutdata"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:89
+#: builtin/fetch.c:92
 msgid "default mode for recursion"
 msgstr "standardläge för rekursion"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:201
+#: builtin/fetch.c:204
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hitta fjärr-referensen HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:254
+#: builtin/fetch.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "objektet %s hittades inte"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+#: builtin/fetch.c:262
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[àjour]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:273
+#: builtin/fetch.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
 msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (kan inte hämta i aktuell gren)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:274 builtin/fetch.c:360
+#: builtin/fetch.c:277 builtin/fetch.c:363
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[refuserad]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+#: builtin/fetch.c:288
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr "[uppdaterad tagg]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:287 builtin/fetch.c:322 builtin/fetch.c:340
+#: builtin/fetch.c:290 builtin/fetch.c:325 builtin/fetch.c:343
 msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
 msgstr "  (kunde inte uppdatera lokal ref)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr "[ny tagg]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[ny gren]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+#: builtin/fetch.c:314
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[ny ref]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+#: builtin/fetch.c:359
 msgid "unable to update local ref"
 msgstr "kunde inte uppdatera lokal ref"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+#: builtin/fetch.c:359
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "tvingad uppdatering"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:362
+#: builtin/fetch.c:365
 msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
 msgstr "(ej snabbspolad)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:393 builtin/fetch.c:685
+#: builtin/fetch.c:396 builtin/fetch.c:688
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
 msgstr "kan inte öppna %s: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#: builtin/fetch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "%s sände inte alla nödvändiga objekt\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#: builtin/fetch.c:491
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "Från %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#: builtin/fetch.c:502
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
@@ -4264,55 +4692,55 @@ msgstr ""
 "vissa lokala referenser kunde inte uppdateras; testa att köra\n"
 " \"git remote prune %s\" för att ta bort gamla grenar som står i konflikt"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#: builtin/fetch.c:552
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s kommer bli dinglande)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#: builtin/fetch.c:553
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s har blivit dinglande)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[borttagen]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:558 builtin/remote.c:1055
+#: builtin/fetch.c:561 builtin/remote.c:1055
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "(ingen)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#: builtin/fetch.c:678
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
 msgstr "Vägrar hämta till aktuell gren %s i ett icke-naket arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:709
+#: builtin/fetch.c:712
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
 msgstr "Vet inte hur man hämtar från %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "Flaggan \"%s\" och värdet \"%s\" är inte giltigt för %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#: builtin/fetch.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr "Flaggan \"%s\" ignoreras för %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:891
+#: builtin/fetch.c:894
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr "Hämtar %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:893 builtin/remote.c:100
+#: builtin/fetch.c:896 builtin/remote.c:100
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hämta %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:912
+#: builtin/fetch.c:915
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
@@ -4320,24 +4748,32 @@ msgstr ""
 "Inget fjärrarkiv angavs. Ange antingen en URL eller namnet på ett\n"
 "fjärrarkiv som nya incheckningar skall hämtas från."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:932
+#: builtin/fetch.c:935
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr "Du måste ange namnet på en tagg."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:984
+#: builtin/fetch.c:981
+msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
+msgstr "--depth och --unshallow kan inte användas samtidigt"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:983
+msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
+msgstr "--unshallow kan inte användas på ett komplett arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr "fetch --all tar inte namnet på ett arkiv som argument"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:986
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1004
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr "fetch --all kan inte anges med referensspecifikationer"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:997
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "Fjärren eller fjärrgruppen finns inte: %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1005
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1023
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr "Kan inte hämta från grupp och ange referensspecifikationer"
 
@@ -4346,29 +4782,29 @@ msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <meddelande>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <fil>]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:653 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:656 builtin/grep.c:701
-#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:656 builtin/show-ref.c:175
-#: builtin/tag.c:448 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666 builtin/grep.c:701
+#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:655 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/tag.c:446 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:239
 msgid "n"
 msgstr "n"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:654
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:664
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr "fyll i loggen med som mest <n> poster från shortlog"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:657
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:667
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr "alias för --log (avråds)"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:660
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
 msgid "text"
 msgstr "text"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:661
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr "inled meddelande med <text>"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr "fil att läsa från"
 
@@ -4704,11 +5140,6 @@ msgstr "visa användning"
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "inget mönster angavs."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:825
-#, c-format
-msgid "bad object %s"
-msgstr "felaktigt objekt %s"
-
 #: builtin/grep.c:866
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr "--open-files-in-pager fungerar endast i arbetskatalogen"
@@ -4770,45 +5201,49 @@ msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr "visa alla tillgängliga kommandon"
 
 #: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "print list of useful guides"
+msgstr "lista användbara vägledningar"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr "visa manualsida"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:45
+#: builtin/help.c:46
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr "visa manual i webbläsare"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:47
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr "visa info-sida"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:53
-msgid "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [kommando]"
+#: builtin/help.c:54
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [kommando]"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:65
+#: builtin/help.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr "okänt hjälpformat: %s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:93
+#: builtin/help.c:94
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr "Misslyckades starta emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:106
+#: builtin/help.c:107
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr "Kunde inte tolka emacsclient-version."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:114
+#: builtin/help.c:115
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr "emacsclient version \"%d\" för gammal (< 22)."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:160 builtin/help.c:169 builtin/help.c:177
+#: builtin/help.c:133 builtin/help.c:161 builtin/help.c:170 builtin/help.c:178
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
 msgstr "exec misslyckades för \"%s\": %s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:217
+#: builtin/help.c:218
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
@@ -4817,7 +5252,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"%s\": sökväg för man-visare som ej stöds.\n"
 "Använd \"man.<verktyg>.cmd\" istället."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:229
+#: builtin/help.c:230
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
@@ -4826,307 +5261,335 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"%s\": kommando för man-visare som stöds.\n"
 "Använd \"man.<verktyg>.path\" istället."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:299
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "De mest använda git-kommandona är:"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:367
+#: builtin/help.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr "\"%s\": okänd man-visare."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:384
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "ingen man-visare hanterade förfrågan"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:392
+#: builtin/help.c:376
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "ingen info-visare hanterade förfrågan"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:447 builtin/help.c:454
+#: builtin/help.c:422
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "Definierar attribut per sökväg"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:423
+msgid "A Git glossary"
+msgstr "En Git-ordlista"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:424
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "Ange avsiktligen ospårade filer att ignorera"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:425
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "Ange egenskaper för undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:426
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "Ange versioner och intervall i Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:427
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
+msgstr "Introduktion till Git (för version 1.5.1 och senare)"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:428
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Översikt över rekommenderade arbetsflöden med Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:440
+msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
+msgstr "De vanliga Git-vägledningarna är:\n"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:462 builtin/help.c:478
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr "användning: %s%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:470
+#: builtin/help.c:494
 #, c-format
 msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
 msgstr "\"git %s\" är ett alias för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:170
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:182
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "objekttyp stämmer inte överens vid %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:190
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:202
 msgid "object of unexpected type"
 msgstr "objekt av oväntad typ"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "kan inte fylla %d byte"
 msgstr[1] "kan inte fylla %d byte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:249
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "tidigt filslut"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:238
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "indataläsfel"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:262
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr "använde fler byte än tillgängligt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:257
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:269
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "paket för stort för nuvarande definition av off_t"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:285
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:278
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:290
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte öppna paketfilen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:304
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr "paketsignatur stämmer inte överens"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr "paketversion %<PRIu32> stöds ej"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:312
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:324
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
 msgstr "paketet har felaktigt objekt vid index %lu: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:434
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:446
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "inflate returnerade %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:483
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:495
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr "indexvärdespill för deltabasobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:491
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:503
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr "deltabasindex utanför gränsen"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:499
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:511
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "okänd objekttyp %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:542
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "kan inte utföra \"pread\" på paketfil"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:532
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:544
 #, c-format
 msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
 msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
 msgstr[0] "för tidigt slut på paketfilen, %lu byte saknas"
 msgstr[1] "för tidigt slut på paketfilen, %lu byte saknas"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:558
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:570
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "allvarlig inflate-inkonsekvens"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:649 builtin/index-pack.c:655 builtin/index-pack.c:678
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:712 builtin/index-pack.c:721
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:661 builtin/index-pack.c:667 builtin/index-pack.c:690
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:724 builtin/index-pack.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr "SHA1-KOLLISION UPPTÄCKT VID %s !"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:652 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:664 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:718
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa befintligt objekt %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:732
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:744
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
 msgstr "ogiltigt blob-objekt %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:747
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:759
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "ogiltigt %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:761
 msgid "Error in object"
 msgstr "Fel i objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:751
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:763
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "Inte alla barnobjekt för %s kan nås"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:821 builtin/index-pack.c:847
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:833 builtin/index-pack.c:863
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr "misslyckades tillämpa delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1004
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr "Tar emot objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1004
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr "Skapar index för objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1012
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1030
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr "paketet är trasigt (SHA1 stämmer inte)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1017
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1035
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr "kan inte utföra \"fstat\" på paketfil"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1020
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1038
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "paket har skräp i slutet"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1031
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1049
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr "förvirrad bortom vanvett i parse_pack_objects()"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1054
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1072
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr "Analyserar delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1064
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1082
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa tråd: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1106
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1124
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr "förvirrad bortom vanvett"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1112
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1132
 #, c-format
 msgid "completed with %d local objects"
 msgstr "slutfördes med %d lokala objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1121
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr "Oväntad svanschecksumma för %s (trasig disk?)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1125
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1146
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] "paketet har %d oanalyserat delta"
 msgstr[1] "paketet har %d oanalyserade delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1171
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr "kunde inte utföra \"deflate\" på tillagt objekt (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1229
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1250
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr "lokalt objekt %s är trasigt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1253
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
 msgid "error while closing pack file"
 msgstr "fel vid stängning av paketfil"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1266
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
 msgstr "kan inte ta skriva \"keep\"-fil \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
 msgstr "akn inte stänga skriven \"keep\"-fil \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1308
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "kan inte spara paketfil"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1298
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1319
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "kan inte spara indexfil"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1331
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1352
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr "felaktig pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1337
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1358
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
 msgstr "felaktigt antal trådar angivet (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1341 builtin/index-pack.c:1514
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1362 builtin/index-pack.c:1535
 #, c-format
 msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
 msgstr "trådstöd saknas, ignorerar %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1399
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1420
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr "Kan inte öppna befintlig paketfil \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr "Kan inte öppna befintligt paket-idx-fil för \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1448
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] "icke-delta: %d objekt"
 msgstr[1] "icke-delta: %d objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1455
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1476
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "kedjelängd = %d: %lu objekt"
 msgstr[1] "kedjelängd = %d: %lu objekt"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1482
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1503
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr "Kan inte gå tillbaka till arbetskatalogen (cwd)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1526 builtin/index-pack.c:1529
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1541 builtin/index-pack.c:1545
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1547 builtin/index-pack.c:1550
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1562 builtin/index-pack.c:1566
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr "felaktig %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1559
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1580
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr "--fix-thin kan inte användas med --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1563 builtin/index-pack.c:1573
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1584 builtin/index-pack.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
 msgstr "paketfilnamnet \"%s\" slutar inte med \".pack\""
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1582
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1603
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr "--verify angavs utan paketfilnamn"
 
@@ -5294,337 +5757,340 @@ msgstr "Kan inte komma åt aktuell arbetskatalog"
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr "Kan inte komma åt arbetskatalogen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:37
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
-msgstr "git log [<flaggor>] [<sedan>..<till>] [[--] <sökväg>...]\n"
+#: builtin/log.c:40
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+msgstr "git log [<flaggor>] [<versionsintervall>] [[--] <sökväg>...]\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:38
+#: builtin/log.c:41
 msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
 msgstr "     eller: git show [flaggor] <objekt>..."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:100
+#: builtin/log.c:103
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr "undertryck diff-utdata"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:101
+#: builtin/log.c:104
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr "visa källkod"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:102
+#: builtin/log.c:105
+msgid "Use mail map file"
+msgstr "Använd e-postmappningsfil"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:106
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr "dekoreringsflaggor"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:189
+#: builtin/log.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "Slututdata: %d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:405 builtin/log.c:497
+#: builtin/log.c:422 builtin/log.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa objektet %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:521
+#: builtin/log.c:538
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "Okänd typ: %d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:613
+#: builtin/log.c:638
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "format.headers utan värde"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:687
+#: builtin/log.c:720
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "namnet på utdatakatalogen är för långt"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:698
+#: builtin/log.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "Kan inte öppna patchfilen %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:712
+#: builtin/log.c:750
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "Behöver precis ett intervall."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:720
+#: builtin/log.c:758
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "Inte ett intervall."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:794
+#: builtin/log.c:860
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr "Omslagsbrevet behöver e-postformat"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:867
+#: builtin/log.c:936
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "tokigt in-reply-to: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:895
+#: builtin/log.c:964
 msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
 msgstr "git format-patch [flaggor] [<sedan> | <revisionsintervall>]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:940
+#: builtin/log.c:1009
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "Två utdatakataloger?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1068
+#: builtin/log.c:1108
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr "använd [PATCH n/m] även för en ensam patch"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1111
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr "använd [PATCH] även för flera patchar"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1075
+#: builtin/log.c:1115
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr "skriv patcharna på stnadard ut"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1077
+#: builtin/log.c:1117
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr "generera ett följebrev"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1079
+#: builtin/log.c:1119
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr "använd enkel nummersekvens för utdatafilnamn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1080
+#: builtin/log.c:1120
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr "sfx"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1081
+#: builtin/log.c:1121
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr "använd <sfx> istället för \".patch\""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1083
+#: builtin/log.c:1123
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr "börja numrera patchar på <n> istället för 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1085
+#: builtin/log.c:1125
+msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
+msgstr "markera serien som N:te försök"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1127
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr "Använd [<prefix>] istället för [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1088
+#: builtin/log.c:1130
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr "spara filerna i <katalog>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1091
+#: builtin/log.c:1133
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr "ta inte bort eller lägg till [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1094
+#: builtin/log.c:1136
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr "skriv inte binära diffar"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1096
+#: builtin/log.c:1138
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr "ta inte med patchar som motsvarar en uppströmsincheckning"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1098
+#: builtin/log.c:1140
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr "visa patchformat istället för standard (patch + stat)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1100
+#: builtin/log.c:1142
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr "E-post"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1101
+#: builtin/log.c:1143
 msgid "header"
 msgstr "huvud"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1102
+#: builtin/log.c:1144
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr "lägg till e-posthuvud"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1103 builtin/log.c:1105
+#: builtin/log.c:1145 builtin/log.c:1147
 msgid "email"
 msgstr "epost"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1103
+#: builtin/log.c:1145
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr "Lägg till mottagarhuvud (\"To:\")"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1105
+#: builtin/log.c:1147
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr "Lägg till kopiehuvud (\"Cc:\")"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1107
+#: builtin/log.c:1149
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr "meddelande-id"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1108
+#: builtin/log.c:1150
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
 msgstr "Gör det första brevet ett svar till <meddelande-id>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1109 builtin/log.c:1112
+#: builtin/log.c:1151 builtin/log.c:1154
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr "gräns"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1110
+#: builtin/log.c:1152
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr "bifoga patchen"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1113
+#: builtin/log.c:1155
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr "gör patchen ett inline-objekt"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1117
+#: builtin/log.c:1159
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr "aktivera brevtrådning, typer: shallow, deep"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1119
+#: builtin/log.c:1161
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr "signatur"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1120
+#: builtin/log.c:1162
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr "lägg till signatur"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1122
+#: builtin/log.c:1164
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr "visa inte filnamn för patchar"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1163
-#, c-format
-msgid "bogus committer info %s"
-msgstr "felaktig incheckarinformation %s"
-
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1248
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "-n och -k kan inte användas samtidigt."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1210
+#: builtin/log.c:1250
 msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "--subject-prefix och -k kan inte användas samtidigt."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1258
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr "kan inte använda --name-only"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1260
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr "kan inte använda --name-status"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1262
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr "kan inte använda --check"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1285
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "standard ut, eller katalog, vilken skall det vara?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1247
+#: builtin/log.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte skapa katalogen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1400
+#: builtin/log.c:1435
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr "Misslyckades skapa utdatafiler"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1449
+#: builtin/log.c:1484
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<uppström> [<huvud> [<gräns>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1504
+#: builtin/log.c:1539
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hitta en spårad fjärrgren, ange <uppström> manuellt.\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1517 builtin/log.c:1519 builtin/log.c:1531
+#: builtin/log.c:1552 builtin/log.c:1554 builtin/log.c:1566
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown commit %s"
 msgstr "Okänd incheckning %s"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:408
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:402
 msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-files [flaggor] [<fil>...]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:459
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr "identifiera filstatus med taggar"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:461
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
 msgstr "använd små bokstäver för \"anta oförändrade\"-filer"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr "visa cachade filer i utdata (standard)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr "visa borttagna filer i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr "visa modifierade filer i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr "visa andra filer i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr "visa ignorerade filer i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:474
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr "visa köat innehålls objektnamn i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:476
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr "visa filer i filsystemet som behöver tas bort"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:482
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
 msgid "show 'other' directories' name only"
 msgstr "visa endast namn för \"andra\" kataloger"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:481
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr "visa inte tomma kataloger"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:484
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr "visa ej sammanslagna filer i utdata"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:486
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr "visa \"resolve-undo\"-information"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:492
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr "hoppa över filer som motsvarar mönster"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:491
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr "exkludera mönster som läses från <fil>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:494
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr "läs ytterligare per-katalog-exkluderingsmönster från <fil>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:500
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:496
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr "lägg till git:s standardexkluderingar"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:499
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr "gör utdata relativ till projektets toppkatalog"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
 msgstr "om en <fil> inte är indexet, betrakta det som ett fel"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:507
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr "träd-igt"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:508
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:504
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr "låtsas att sökvägar borttagna sedan <träd-igt> fortfarande finns"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr "visa felsökningsutdata"
 
@@ -5732,171 +6198,176 @@ msgstr "tillåt snabbspolning (standard)"
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
 msgstr "avbryt om snabbspolning inte är möjlig"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/notes.c:870 builtin/revert.c:112
+#: builtin/merge.c:203
+msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "Bekräfta att den namngivna incheckningen har en giltig GPG-signatur"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:204 builtin/notes.c:866 builtin/revert.c:112
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr "strategi"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:203
+#: builtin/merge.c:205
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr "sammanslagninsstrategi att använda"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:206
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr "alternativ=värde"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:205
+#: builtin/merge.c:207
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr "alternativ för vald sammanslagningsstrategi"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:209
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr "incheckningsmeddelande för (icke snabbspolande) sammanslagning"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:211
+#: builtin/merge.c:213
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr "avbryt den pågående sammanslagningen"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:240
+#: builtin/merge.c:242
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr "kunde köra stash."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:245
+#: builtin/merge.c:247
 msgid "stash failed"
 msgstr "stash misslyckades"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#: builtin/merge.c:252
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "inte ett giltigt objekt: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+#: builtin/merge.c:271 builtin/merge.c:288
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "read-tree misslyckades"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:316
+#: builtin/merge.c:318
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr " (inget att platta till)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#: builtin/merge.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Tillplattningsincheckning -- uppdaterar inte HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:361
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
 msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "Skriver SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:363
+#: builtin/merge.c:365
 msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "Avslutar SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#: builtin/merge.c:388
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Inget sammanslagningsmeddelande -- uppdaterar inte HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:436
+#: builtin/merge.c:438
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr "\"%s\" verkar inte peka på en incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:535
+#: builtin/merge.c:550
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr "Felaktig branch.%s.mergeoptions-sträng: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:628
+#: builtin/merge.c:643
 msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
 msgstr "git write-tree misslyckades skriva ett träd"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:656
+#: builtin/merge.c:671
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr "Hanterar inte något annat än en sammanslagning av två huvuden."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:670
+#: builtin/merge.c:685
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "Felaktig flagga för merge-recursive: -X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:684
+#: builtin/merge.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:773
+#: builtin/merge.c:788
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa från \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:782
+#: builtin/merge.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Checkar inte in sammanslagningen; använd \"git commit\" för att slutföra "
 "den.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:788
+#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
 "especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
 "\n"
-"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
 "the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Ange ett incheckningsmeddelande för att förklara varför sammanslagningen\n"
 "är nödvändig, speciellt om den slår in en uppdaterad uppström i en\n"
 "temagren.\n"
 "\n"
-"Rader som inleds med \"#\" kommer ignoreras, och ett tomt meddelande\n"
+"Rader som inleds med \"%c\" kommer ignoreras, och ett tomt meddelande\n"
 "avbryter incheckningen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:812
+#: builtin/merge.c:827
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "Tomt incheckningsmeddelande."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:824
+#: builtin/merge.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr "Underbart.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:889
+#: builtin/merge.c:904
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Kunde inte slå ihop automatiskt; fixa konflikter och checka in resultatet.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:905
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
 msgstr "\"%s\" är inte en incheckning"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:946
+#: builtin/merge.c:961
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr "Inte på någon gren."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:948
+#: builtin/merge.c:963
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr "Ingen fjärr för aktuell gren."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:950
+#: builtin/merge.c:965
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr "Ingen standarduppström angiven för aktuell gren."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:955
+#: builtin/merge.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr "Ingen fjärrspårande gren för %s från %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1042 builtin/merge.c:1199
+#: builtin/merge.c:1057 builtin/merge.c:1214
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr "%s - inte något vi kan slå ihop"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1110
+#: builtin/merge.c:1125
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr "Det finns ingen sammanslagning att avbryta (MERGE_HEAD saknas)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1126 git-pull.sh:31
+#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:31
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
@@ -5904,11 +6375,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "Du har inte avslutat sammanslagningen (MERGE_HEAD finns).\n"
 "Checka in dina ändringar innan du kan slå ihop."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1129 git-pull.sh:34
+#: builtin/merge.c:1144 git-pull.sh:34
 msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr "Du har inte avslutat sammanslagningen (MERGE_HEAD finns)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1133
+#: builtin/merge.c:1148
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
@@ -5916,79 +6387,102 @@ msgstr ""
 "Du har inte avslutat din \"cherry-pick\" (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD finns).\n"
 "Checka in dina ändringar innan du kan slå ihop."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1136
+#: builtin/merge.c:1151
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr "Du har inte avslutat din \"cherry-pick\" (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD finns)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1160
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr "Du kan inte kombinera --squash med --no-ff."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1150
+#: builtin/merge.c:1165
 msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
 msgstr "Du kan inte kombinera --no-ff med --ff-only."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1172
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr "Ingen incheckning angiven och merge.defaultToUpstream är ej satt."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1189
+#: builtin/merge.c:1204
 msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
 msgstr "Kan endast slå ihop en enda incheckning i ett tomt huvud."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1192
+#: builtin/merge.c:1207
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr "Stöder inte en tillplattningsincheckning på ett tomt huvud ännu"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1194
+#: builtin/merge.c:1209
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr "Icke-snabbspolad incheckning kan inte användas med ett tomt huvud"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1309
+#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Incheckningen %s har en obetrodd GPG-signatur som påstås vara gjord av %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Incheckningen %s har en felaktig GPG-signatur som påstås vara gjord av %s."
+
+#. 'N'
+#: builtin/merge.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
+msgstr "Incheckning %s har inte någon GPG-signatur."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
+msgstr "Incheckningen %s har en korrekt GPG-signatur av %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr "Uppdaterar %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1348
+#: builtin/merge.c:1397
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
 msgstr "Försöker riktigt enkel sammanslagning i indexet...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1355
+#: builtin/merge.c:1404
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "Nej.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1387
+#: builtin/merge.c:1436
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
 msgstr "Kan inte snabbspola, avbryter."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1410 builtin/merge.c:1489
+#: builtin/merge.c:1459 builtin/merge.c:1538
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr "Återspolar trädet till orört...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1414
+#: builtin/merge.c:1463
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr "Försöker sammanslagninsstrategin %s...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1480
+#: builtin/merge.c:1529
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "Ingen sammanslagningsstrategi hanterade sammanslagningen.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1482
+#: builtin/merge.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "Sammanslagning med strategin %s misslyckades.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1491
+#: builtin/merge.c:1540
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr "Använder %s för att förbereda lösning för hand.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1503
+#: builtin/merge.c:1552
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
@@ -6303,139 +6797,134 @@ msgstr "git notes prune [<flaggor>]"
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:142
+#: builtin/notes.c:139
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte starta \"show\" för objektet \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:148
-msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
-msgstr "kunde inte öppna (fdopen) \"show\"-utdata-filhandtag"
+#: builtin/notes.c:143
+msgid "could not read 'show' output"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa utdata från \"show\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
-msgstr "kunde inte stänga röret till \"show\" för objektet \"%s\""
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:161
+#: builtin/notes.c:151
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte avsluta \"show\" för objektet \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:178 builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/notes.c:169 builtin/tag.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create file '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte skapa filen \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
+#: builtin/notes.c:188
 msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
 msgstr "Ange innehåll för anteckningen med antingen -m eller -F"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:213 builtin/notes.c:976
+#: builtin/notes.c:209 builtin/notes.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Tar bort anteckning för objektet %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:218
+#: builtin/notes.c:214
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva anteckningsobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:220
+#: builtin/notes.c:216
 #, c-format
 msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
 msgstr "Anteckningens innehåll har lämnats kvar i %s"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:254 builtin/tag.c:542
+#: builtin/notes.c:250 builtin/tag.c:540
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte läsa \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:256 builtin/tag.c:545
+#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte öppna eller läsa \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:275 builtin/notes.c:448 builtin/notes.c:450
-#: builtin/notes.c:510 builtin/notes.c:564 builtin/notes.c:647
-#: builtin/notes.c:652 builtin/notes.c:727 builtin/notes.c:769
-#: builtin/notes.c:971 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:271 builtin/notes.c:444 builtin/notes.c:446
+#: builtin/notes.c:506 builtin/notes.c:560 builtin/notes.c:643
+#: builtin/notes.c:648 builtin/notes.c:723 builtin/notes.c:765
+#: builtin/notes.c:967 builtin/tag.c:556
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
 msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp \"%s\" som en giltig referens."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:278
+#: builtin/notes.c:274
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa objektet \"%s\"."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:302
+#: builtin/notes.c:298
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr "Kan inte checka in oinitierat/orefererat anteckningsträd"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:343
+#: builtin/notes.c:339
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Felaktigt värde för notes.rewriteMode: '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:353
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr "Vägrar skriva över anteckningar i %s (utanför refs/notes/)"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
 #. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: builtin/notes.c:380
+#: builtin/notes.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Felaktigt värde på %s: \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:444
+#: builtin/notes.c:440
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
 msgstr "Felaktig indatarad: \"%s\"."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:459
+#: builtin/notes.c:455
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "Misslyckades kopiera anteckningar från \"%s\" till \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:503 builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/notes.c:630
-#: builtin/notes.c:642 builtin/notes.c:715 builtin/notes.c:762
-#: builtin/notes.c:1036
+#: builtin/notes.c:499 builtin/notes.c:553 builtin/notes.c:626
+#: builtin/notes.c:638 builtin/notes.c:711 builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:1032
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "för många parametrar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:516 builtin/notes.c:775
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:771
 #, c-format
 msgid "No note found for object %s."
 msgstr "Inga anteckningar hittades för objektet %s."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:538 builtin/notes.c:695
+#: builtin/notes.c:534 builtin/notes.c:691
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr "anteckningsinnehåll som sträng"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:541 builtin/notes.c:698
+#: builtin/notes.c:537 builtin/notes.c:694
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr "anteckningsinnehåll i en fil"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:546 builtin/notes.c:700
-#: builtin/notes.c:703 builtin/tag.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:539 builtin/notes.c:542 builtin/notes.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:699 builtin/tag.c:474
 msgid "object"
 msgstr "objekt"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:544 builtin/notes.c:701
+#: builtin/notes.c:540 builtin/notes.c:697
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr "återanvänd och redigera angivet anteckningsobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:547 builtin/notes.c:704
+#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:700
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr "återanvänd angivet anteckningsobjekt"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:549 builtin/notes.c:617
+#: builtin/notes.c:545 builtin/notes.c:613
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr "ersätt befintliga anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:583
+#: builtin/notes.c:579
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -6444,24 +6933,24 @@ msgstr ""
 "Kan inte lägga till anteckningar. Hittade befintliga anteckningar för "
 "objektet %s. Använd \"-f\" för att skriva över befintliga anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:665
+#: builtin/notes.c:584 builtin/notes.c:661
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr "Skriver över befintliga anteckningar för objektet %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:618
+#: builtin/notes.c:614
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr "läs objekt från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:620
+#: builtin/notes.c:616
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr "läs omskrivningsinställning för <kommando> (implicerar --stdin)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:638
+#: builtin/notes.c:634
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "för få parametrar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:659
+#: builtin/notes.c:655
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -6470,12 +6959,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Kan inte kopiera anteckningar. Hittade befintliga anteckningar för objektet "
 "%s. Använd \"-f\" för att skriva över befintliga anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:671
+#: builtin/notes.c:667
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
 msgstr "Anteckningar på källobjektet %s saknas. Kan inte kopiera."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:720
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
@@ -6484,15 +6973,15 @@ msgstr ""
 "Flaggorna -m/-F/-c/-C rekommenderas inte för underkommandot \"edit\".\n"
 "Använd \"git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C\" istället.\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:867
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Allmänna flaggor"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:865
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr "Flaggor för sammanslagning"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:871
+#: builtin/notes.c:867
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
@@ -6500,46 +6989,46 @@ msgstr ""
 "läs konflikter i anteckningar med angiven strategi (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:873
+#: builtin/notes.c:869
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "Checkar in ej sammanslagna anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:875
+#: builtin/notes.c:871
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr ""
 "färdigställ sammanslagning av anteckningar genom att checka in ej "
 "sammanslagna anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:877
+#: builtin/notes.c:873
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr "Avbryt lösning av sammanslagning av anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:879
+#: builtin/notes.c:875
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr "avbryt sammanslagning av anteckningar"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:974
+#: builtin/notes.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "Objektet %s har ingen anteckning\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:986
+#: builtin/notes.c:982
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr "försök att ta bort icke-existerande anteckningar är inte ett fel"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989
+#: builtin/notes.c:985
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr "läs objektnamn från standard in"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1070
+#: builtin/notes.c:1066
 msgid "notes_ref"
 msgstr "anteckningar-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1071
+#: builtin/notes.c:1067
 msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
 msgstr "använd anteckningar från <anteckningsref>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1106 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#: builtin/notes.c:1102 builtin/remote.c:1598
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
 msgstr "Okänt underkommando: %s"
@@ -6898,22 +7387,51 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"git pull\") innan du sänder igen.\n"
 "Se avsnittet \"Note about fast-forward\" i \"git push --help\" för detaljer."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:258
+#: builtin/push.c:224
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+"not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+"to the same ref. You may want to first merge the remote changes (e.g.,\n"
+"'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Uppdateringar avvisades då fjärren innehåller ändringar som du inte\n"
+"har lokalt. Det beror oftast på att ett annat arkiv har sänt in samma\n"
+"referenser. Det kan vara en idé att först slå ihop fjärrändringarna\n"
+"(t.ex. \"git pull\") innan du sänder igen.\n"
+"Se avsnittet \"Note about fast-forwards\" i \"git push --help\" för detaljer."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:231
+msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
+msgstr "Uppdateringarna avvisades eftersom taggen redan finns på fjärren."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:234
+msgid ""
+"You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+"or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+"without using the '--force' option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Du kan inte uppdatera en fjärr-referens som pekar på ett objekt som\n"
+"inte är en incheckning, eller uppdatera en fjärr-referens så att den\n"
+"pekar på något som inte är en incheckning, utan att använda flaggan\n"
+"\"--force\".\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:294
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr "Sänder till %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:262
+#: builtin/push.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr "misslyckades sända vissa referenser till \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:294
+#: builtin/push.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr "felaktigt arkiv \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/push.c:295
+#: builtin/push.c:332
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -6934,79 +7452,87 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push <namn>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:310
+#: builtin/push.c:347
 msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr "--all och --tags är inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:311
+#: builtin/push.c:348
 msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr "--all kan inte kombineras med referensspecifikationer"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:316
+#: builtin/push.c:353
 msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr "--mirror och --tags är inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:317
+#: builtin/push.c:354
 msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr "--mirror kan inte kombineras med referensspecifikationer"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:322
+#: builtin/push.c:359
 msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
 msgstr "--all och --mirror är inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:382
+#: builtin/push.c:419
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr "arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:383
+#: builtin/push.c:420
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr "sänd alla referenser"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:384
+#: builtin/push.c:421
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr "spegla alla referenser"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:386
+#: builtin/push.c:423
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr "ta bort referenser"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:387
+#: builtin/push.c:424
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
 msgstr "sänd taggar (kan inte användas med --all eller --mirror)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:390
+#: builtin/push.c:427
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "tvinga uppdateringar"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:391
+#: builtin/push.c:428
 msgid "check"
 msgstr "kontrollera"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:392
+#: builtin/push.c:429
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr "styr rekursiv insändning av undermoduler"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:431
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr "använd tunna paket"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395 builtin/push.c:396
+#: builtin/push.c:432 builtin/push.c:433
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr "program för att ta emot paket"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:397
+#: builtin/push.c:434
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr "ställ in uppström för git pull/status"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:400
+#: builtin/push.c:437
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr "ta bort lokalt borttagna referenser"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
+#: builtin/push.c:439
+msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
+msgstr "förbigå pre-push-krok"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:440
+msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
+msgstr "sänd in saknade men relevanta taggar"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:450
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr "--delete är imkompatibel med --all, --mirror och --tags"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:412
+#: builtin/push.c:452
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr "--delete kan inte användas utan referenser"
 
@@ -7617,12 +8143,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<incheckning>]"
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:26
-msgid "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr "git reset [-q] <incheckning> [--] <sökvägar>..."
+msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] <träd-igt> [--] <sökvägar>..."
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"
-msgstr "git reset --patch [<incheckning>] [--] [<sökvägar>...]"
+msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<träd-igt>] [--] [<sökvägar>...]"
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:33
 msgid "mixed"
@@ -7644,90 +8170,96 @@ msgstr "sammanslagning"
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "behåll"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:77
+#: builtin/reset.c:73
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr "Du har inte en giltig HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:79
+#: builtin/reset.c:75
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr "Kunde inte hitta träder för HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#: builtin/reset.c:81
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr "Kunde inte hitta träder för %s."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:96
-msgid "Could not write new index file."
-msgstr "Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil."
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#: builtin/reset.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "HEAD är nu på %s"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:130
-msgid "Could not read index"
-msgstr "Kunde inte läsa indexet"
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:133
-msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
-msgstr "Oköade ändringar efter återställning:"
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#: builtin/reset.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr "Kan inte utföra en %s återställning mitt i en sammanslagning."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:238
+#: builtin/reset.c:248
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr "var tyst, rapportera endast fel"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:240
+#: builtin/reset.c:250
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
 msgstr "återställ HEAD och index"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/reset.c:251
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr "återställ endast HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:243 builtin/reset.c:245
+#: builtin/reset.c:253 builtin/reset.c:255
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
 msgstr "återställ HEAD, index och arbetskatalog"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:247
+#: builtin/reset.c:257
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr "återställ HEAD men behåll lokala ändringar"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:303
+#: builtin/reset.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
+msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp \"%s\" som en giltig revision."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:278 builtin/reset.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
 msgstr "Kan inte tolka objektet \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308
+#: builtin/reset.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
+msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp \"%s\" som ett giltigt träd."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr "--patch är inkompatibel med --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:317
+#: builtin/reset.c:301
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "--mixed rekommenderas inte med sökvägar; använd \"git reset -- <sökvägar>\"."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:319
+#: builtin/reset.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr "Kan inte göra %s återställning med sökvägar."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:313
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr "%s återställning tillåts inte i ett naket arkiv"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:333
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
 msgstr "Kunde inte återställa indexfilen till versionen \"%s\"."
 
+#: builtin/reset.c:339
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "Oköade ändringar efter återställning:"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:344
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil."
+
 #: builtin/rev-parse.c:339
 msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
 msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<argument>...]"
@@ -7756,16 +8288,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "varianten."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>"
-msgstr "git revert [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>"
+msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>..."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git revert <underkommando>"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"
-msgstr "git cherry-pick [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>"
+msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>..."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
@@ -7916,32 +8448,31 @@ msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm: kan inte ta bort %s"
 
 #: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
-msgstr ""
-"git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-flaggor] [--] [<incheckning-id>... ]"
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<flaggor>] [<versionsintervall>] [[--] <sökväg>...]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing author: %s"
 msgstr "Författare saknas: %s"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:253
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:227
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr "sortera utdata enligt antal incheckningar per författare"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:229
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr "Undertryck beskrivningar, visa bara antal incheckningar"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:257
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:231
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
 msgstr "Visa e-postadress för varje författare"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:258
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:259
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:233
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr "Radbryt utdata"
 
@@ -7961,67 +8492,67 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
 msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<bas>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "visa fjärrspårande och lokala grenar"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "visa fjärrspårande grenar"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr "färga \"*!+-\" enligt grenen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr "visa <n> ytterligare incheckningar efter gemensam anfader"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr "synonym till more=-1"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr "undertyck namnsträngar"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr "inkludera aktuell gren"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr "namnge incheckningar med deras objektnamn"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr "visa möjliga sammanslaningsbaser"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr "visa referenser som inte kan nås från någon annan referens"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:670
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr "visa incheckningar i topologisk ordning"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:672
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr "visa endast incheckningar inte på den första grenen"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:673
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr "visa sammanslagningar som endast kan nås från en spets"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:675
 msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
 msgstr "visa incheckningar där ingen förälder kommer före dess barn"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:677
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr "<n>[,<bas>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr "visa <n> nyaste refloggposter med början på bas"
 
@@ -8146,170 +8677,164 @@ msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
 msgstr "kunde inte bekräfta taggen \"%s\""
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:249
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Write a tag message\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Skriv ett taggmeddelande\n"
-"# Rader som inleds med \"#\" ignoreras.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Skriv ett taggmeddelande\n"
+"Rader som inleds med \"%c\" ignoreras.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:256
+#: builtin/tag.c:253
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"Write a tag message\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
 "want to.\n"
-"#\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Skriv ett taggmeddelande\n"
-"# Rader som inleds med \"#\" kommer behållas; du kan själv ta bort dem om\n"
-"# du vill.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Skriv ett taggmeddelande\n"
+"Rader som inleds med \"%c\" kommer behållas; du kan själv ta bort dem om\n"
+"du vill.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:298
+#: builtin/tag.c:292
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr "kunde inte signera taggen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:300
+#: builtin/tag.c:294
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr "kunde inte skriva tagg-filen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:325
+#: builtin/tag.c:319
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr "felaktig objekttyp"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:338
+#: builtin/tag.c:332
 msgid "tag header too big."
 msgstr "tagghuvud för stort."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:370
+#: builtin/tag.c:368
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr "inget taggmeddelande?"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#: builtin/tag.c:374
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr "Taggmeddelandet har lämnats i %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:425
+#: builtin/tag.c:423
 msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
 msgstr "flaggan \"points-at\" behöver ett object"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
 msgstr "felformat objektnamn \"%s\""
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:447
+#: builtin/tag.c:445
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr "lista taggnamn"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:449
+#: builtin/tag.c:447
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr "visa <n> rader från varje taggmeddelande"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:451
+#: builtin/tag.c:449
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr "ta bort taggar"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:452
+#: builtin/tag.c:450
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr "verifiera taggar"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:454
+#: builtin/tag.c:452
 msgid "Tag creation options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för att skapa taggar"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:456
+#: builtin/tag.c:454
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr "annoterad tagg, behöver meddelande"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:458
+#: builtin/tag.c:456
 msgid "tag message"
 msgstr "taggmeddelande"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:460
+#: builtin/tag.c:458
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
 msgstr "annoterad och GPG-signerad tagg"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:464
+#: builtin/tag.c:462
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
 msgstr "använd annan nyckel för att signera taggen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:465
+#: builtin/tag.c:463
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
 msgstr "ersätt taggen om den finns"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:466
+#: builtin/tag.c:464
 msgid "show tag list in columns"
 msgstr "lista taggar i spalter"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
+#: builtin/tag.c:466
 msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för listning av taggar"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:471
+#: builtin/tag.c:469
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr "visa endast taggar som innehåller incheckningen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:477
+#: builtin/tag.c:475
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
 msgstr "visa endast taggar för objektet"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:506
+#: builtin/tag.c:504
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column och -n är inkompatibla"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:523
+#: builtin/tag.c:521
 msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "Flaggan -n är endast tillåten tillsammans med -l."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:525
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
 msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "Flaggan --contains är endast tillåten tillsammans med -l"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:527
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
 msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "Flaggan --points-at är endast tillåten tillsammans med -l."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:535
+#: builtin/tag.c:533
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "endast en av flaggorna -F eller -m tillåts."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:555
+#: builtin/tag.c:553
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "för många parametrar"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#: builtin/tag.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr "\"%s\" är inte ett giltigt taggnamn."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#: builtin/tag.c:564
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr "taggen \"%s\" finns redan"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#: builtin/tag.c:582
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
 msgstr "%s: kan inte låsa referensen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
 msgstr "%s: kan inte uppdatera referensen"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "Uppdaterad tagg \"%s\" (var %s)\n"
@@ -8487,23 +9012,28 @@ msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr "endast användbart vid felsökning"
 
 #: git.c:16
-msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgid ""
+"'git help -a' and 'git help -g' lists available subcommands and some\n"
+"concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
+"to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
 msgstr ""
-"Se \"git help <kommando>\" för mer information om ett specifikt kommando."
+"\"git help -a\" och \"git help -g\" visar tillgängliga underkommandon och\n"
+"några konceptvägledningar. Se \"git help <kommando>\" eller \"git help\n"
+"<koncept>\" för att läsa mer om specifika underkommandon och koncept."
 
 #: parse-options.h:156
 msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
 msgstr "ingen funktion (bakåtkompatibilitet)"
 
-#: parse-options.h:228
+#: parse-options.h:232
 msgid "be more verbose"
 msgstr "var mer pratsam"
 
-#: parse-options.h:230
+#: parse-options.h:234
 msgid "be more quiet"
 msgstr "var mer tyst"
 
-#: parse-options.h:236
+#: parse-options.h:240
 msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
 msgstr "använd <n> siffror för att visa SHA-1:or"
 
@@ -8544,8 +9074,8 @@ msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "Visa rader som motsvarar mönster"
 
 #: common-cmds.h:17
-msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
-msgstr "Skapa tomt git-arkiv eller ominitiera ett befintligt"
+msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr "Skapa tomt Git-arkiv eller ominitiera ett befintligt"
 
 #: common-cmds.h:18
 msgid "Show commit logs"
@@ -8856,16 +9386,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Du måste sedan ange åtminstone en bra och en dålig version.\n"
 "(Du kan använda \"git bisect bad\" och \"git bisect good\" för detta.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+#: git-bisect.sh:363 git-bisect.sh:490
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr "Vi utför ingen bisect för tillfället."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#: git-bisect.sh:370
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr "\"$invalid\" är inte en giltig incheckning"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#: git-bisect.sh:379
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
@@ -8874,25 +9404,25 @@ msgstr ""
 "Kunde inte checka ut original-HEAD \"$branch\".\n"
 "Försök \"git bisect reset <incheckning>\"."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:390
+#: git-bisect.sh:406
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "Ingen loggfil angiven"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#: git-bisect.sh:407
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr "kan inte läsa $file för uppspelning"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:408
+#: git-bisect.sh:424
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr "?? vad menar du?"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#: git-bisect.sh:436
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr "kör $command"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:443
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -8901,11 +9431,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"bisect\"-körningen misslyckades:\n"
 "felkod $res från \"$command\" är < 0 eller >= 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:453
+#: git-bisect.sh:469
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr "\"bisect\"-körningen kan inte fortsätta längre"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#: git-bisect.sh:475
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -8914,7 +9444,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\"bisect\"-körningen misslyckades:\n"
 "\"bisect_state $state\" avslutades med felkoden $res"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:466
+#: git-bisect.sh:482
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr "\"bisect\"-körningen lyckades"
 
@@ -8932,7 +9462,7 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
 msgstr "Du kan inte göra en \"pull\" då du har ändringar som inte checkats in."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:197
+#: git-pull.sh:203
 msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
 msgstr "uppdaterar en ofödd gren med ändringar som lagts till i indexet"
 
@@ -8940,7 +9470,7 @@ msgstr "uppdaterar en ofödd gren med ändringar som lagts till i indexet"
 #. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
 #. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
 #. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
-#: git-pull.sh:229
+#: git-pull.sh:235
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
@@ -8951,11 +9481,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "Varning: snabbspolar din arbetskatalog från\n"
 "Varning: incheckningen $orig_head."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:254
+#: git-pull.sh:260
 msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
 msgstr "Kan inte slå ihop flera grenar i ett tomt huvud."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:258
+#: git-pull.sh:264
 msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
 msgstr "Kan inte utföra en \"rebase\" ovanpå flera grenar"
 
@@ -9212,38 +9742,38 @@ msgstr "Inget grennamn angavs"
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr "(För att återställa dem, skriv \"git stash apply\")"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:89
+#: git-submodule.sh:91
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
 msgstr "kan inte ta bort en komponent från url:en \"$remoteurl\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:168
+#: git-submodule.sh:196
 #, sh-format
 msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 "Hittade ingen undermodulmappning i .gitmodules för sökvägen \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:211
+#: git-submodule.sh:239
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
 msgstr "Misslyckades klona \"$url\" till undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:223
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
 msgstr "Gitkatalog \"$a\" ingår i underkatalogsökvägen \"$b\" eller omvänt"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:316
+#: git-submodule.sh:349
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr "arkiv-URL: \"$repo\" måste vara absolut eller börja med ./|../"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:333
+#: git-submodule.sh:366
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr "\"$sm_path\" finns redan i indexet"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:337
+#: git-submodule.sh:370
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -9254,22 +9784,22 @@ msgstr ""
 "$sm_path\n"
 "Använd -f om du verkligen vill lägga till den"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:355
+#: git-submodule.sh:388
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
 msgstr "Lägger till befintligt arkiv i \"$sm_path\" i indexet"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:357
+#: git-submodule.sh:390
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr "\"$sm_path\" finns redan och är inte ett giltigt git-arkiv"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:365
+#: git-submodule.sh:398
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr "En git-katalog för \"$sm_name\" hittades lokalt med fjärr(ar):"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:367
+#: git-submodule.sh:400
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
@@ -9277,14 +9807,14 @@ msgstr ""
 "För att återanvända den lokala git-katalogen istället för att på nytt klona "
 "från"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:369
+#: git-submodule.sh:402
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
 msgstr ""
 "använd flaggan \"--force\". Om den lokala git-katalogen inte är riktigt arkiv"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:370
+#: git-submodule.sh:403
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
@@ -9293,154 +9823,261 @@ msgstr ""
 "eller om du är osäker på vad det innebär, välj nytt namn med flaggan \"--name"
 "\"."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:372
+#: git-submodule.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
 msgstr "Aktiverar lokal git-katalog för undermodulen \"$sm_name\" på nytt."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:384
+#: git-submodule.sh:417
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Kan inte checka ut undermodulen \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:389
+#: git-submodule.sh:422
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Misslyckades lägga till undermodulen \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:394
+#: git-submodule.sh:431
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Misslyckades registrera undermodulen \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:474
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr "GÃ¥r in i \"$prefix$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:451
+#: git-submodule.sh:488
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
 msgstr ""
 "Stoppar på \"$sm_path\"; skriptet returnerade en status skild från noll."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:495
+#: git-submodule.sh:532
 #, sh-format
 msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
 msgstr "Hittade ingen url för undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\" i .gitmodules"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:504
+#: git-submodule.sh:541
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Misslyckades registrera url för underkatalogsökväg \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:506
+#: git-submodule.sh:543
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Undermodulen \"$name\" ($url) registrerad för sökvägen \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:514
+#: git-submodule.sh:551
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 "Misslyckades registrera uppdateringsläge för undermodulsökväg \"$sm_path\""
 
+#: git-submodule.sh:588
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "Använd \".\" om du verkligen vill avinitiera alla undermoduler"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:603
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule work tree '$sm_path' contains a .git directory"
+msgstr "Undermodulens arbetskatalog \"$sm_path\" innehåller katalogen \".git\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:604
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"(använd \"rm -rf\" om du verkligen vill ta bort den och all dess historik)"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '$sm_path' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
+"discard them"
+msgstr ""
+"Undermodulens arbetskatalog \"$sm_path\" har lokala ändringar; \"-f\" kastar "
+"bort dem"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:613
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Rensade katalogen \"$sm_path\""
+
 #: git-submodule.sh:614
 #, sh-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort underkatalogens arbetskatalog \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa tom undermodulskatalog \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:626
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Undermodulen \"$name\" ($url) avregistrerad för sökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:731
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path' not initialized\n"
 "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
 msgstr ""
-"Undermodulen \"$sm_path\" har inte initierats\n"
+"Undermodulen \"$prefix$sm_path\" har inte initierats\n"
 "Kanske du vill köra \"update --init\"?"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:627
+#: git-submodule.sh:744
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Kan inte hitta aktuell revision i undermodulsökväg \"$sm_path\""
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte hitta aktuell revision i undermodulsökvägen \"$prefix$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#: git-submodule.sh:753
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Kan inte hämta i undermodulsökväg \"$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:660
+#: git-submodule.sh:777
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Kan inte ombasera \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökväg \"$sm_path\""
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte hämta i undermodulsökväg \"$prefix$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:661
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\": ombaserade in i \"$sha1\""
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte ombasera \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$prefix$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:666
+#: git-submodule.sh:792
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Kan inte slå ihop \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$prefix$sm_path\": ombaserade in i \"$sha1\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:667
+#: git-submodule.sh:797
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\": sammanslagen i \"$sha1\""
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte slå ihop \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$prefix$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:672
+#: git-submodule.sh:798
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Kan inte checka ut \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$prefix$sm_path\": sammanslagen i \"$sha1\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:673
+#: git-submodule.sh:803
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
-msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\": checkade ut \"$sha1\""
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte checka ut \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$prefix$sm_path\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:695 git-submodule.sh:1017
+#: git-submodule.sh:804
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Misslyckades rekursera in i undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$prefix$sm_path\": checkade ut \"$sha1\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:803
+#: git-submodule.sh:831
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades rekursera in i undermodulsökvägen \"$prefix$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:939
 msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
 msgstr "Flaggan --cached kan inte användas med flaggan --files"
 
 #. unexpected type
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#: git-submodule.sh:979
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
 msgstr "oväntat läge $mod_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:861
+#: git-submodule.sh:997
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
 msgstr "  Varning: $name innehåller inte incheckning $sha1_src"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:864
+#: git-submodule.sh:1000
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
 msgstr "  Varning: $name innehåller inte incheckning $sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:867
+#: git-submodule.sh:1003
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr "  Varning: $name innehåller inte incheckningar $sha1_src och $sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:892
+#: git-submodule.sh:1028
 msgid "blob"
 msgstr "blob"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:930
-msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
-msgstr "# Undermoduler ändrade men inte uppdaterade:"
+#: git-submodule.sh:1066
+msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "Undermoduler ändrade men inte uppdaterade:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:932
-msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
-msgstr "# Undermodulers ändringar att checka in:"
+#: git-submodule.sh:1068
+msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Undermodulers ändringar att checka in:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1080
+#: git-submodule.sh:1153
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades rekursera in i undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1216
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$prefix$sm_path\""
 
+#~ msgid "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files.  'status -uno'"
+#~ msgstr "Det tog %.2f sekunder att räkna ospårade filer. \"status -uno\""
+
+#~ msgid "may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add"
+#~ msgstr "kanske gör det snabbare, men du måste vara försiktig så att du"
+
+#~ msgid "new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+#~ msgstr "inte glömmer lägga till filer själv (se \"git help status\")"
+
+#~ msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-flaggor] [--] [<incheckning-id>... ]"
+
+#~ msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Se \"git help <kommando>\" för mer information om ett specifikt kommando."
+
+#~ msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
+#~ msgstr "använd alla referenser i .git/refs"
+
+#~ msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
+#~ msgstr "använd alla taggar i .git/refs/tags"
+
+#~ msgid "bad object %s"
+#~ msgstr "felaktigt objekt %s"
+
+#~ msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+#~ msgstr "felaktig incheckarinformation %s"
+
+#~ msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte öppna (fdopen) \"show\"-utdata-filhandtag"
+
+#~ msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "kunde inte stänga röret till \"show\" för objektet \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+#~ msgstr "Du har ingen giltig HEAD"
+
+#~ msgid "oops"
+#~ msgstr "hoppsan"
+
+#~ msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "Skulle inte ta bort %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "Tar inte bort %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not read index"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte läsa indexet"
+
 #~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
 #~ msgstr "git remote set-head <namn> (-a | -d | <gren>])"
 
@@ -9527,9 +10164,6 @@ msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$prefix$sm_path\""
 #~ msgid "# Changed but not updated:"
 #~ msgstr "# Ändrade men inte uppdaterade:"
 
-#~ msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
-#~ msgstr "Det finns redan en gren som heter \"%s\""
-
 #~ msgid "path '%s' does not have all 3 versions"
 #~ msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte alla 3 versionerna"
 
@@ -9592,9 +10226,6 @@ msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$prefix$sm_path\""
 #~ msgid "Could not extract author time from %s"
 #~ msgstr "Kunde inte hämta författartid från %s"
 
-#~ msgid "No author information found in %s"
-#~ msgstr "Hittade ingen författarinformation i %s"
-
 #~ msgid "cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with --signoff"
 #~ msgstr "cherry-pick --ff kan inte användas med --signoff"
 
diff --git a/po/vi.po b/po/vi.po
index 2ccdf86..c6af8d5 100644
--- a/po/vi.po
+++ b/po/vi.po
@@ -1,26 +1,28 @@
 # Vietnamese translation for GIT-CORE.
-# Copyright (C) 2012, Trần Ng�c Quân.
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Trần Ng�c Quân.
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the git-core package.
-# First translated by Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>, 2012.
+# First translated by Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>, 2012-2013.
 # Nguyễn Thái Ng�c Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>, 2012.
 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: git-v1.8.0.1-347-gf94c3\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: git-v1.8.3-rc0-20-gc6bc7\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-11-30 12:40+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-11-30 13:40+0700\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-04-30 08:25+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-05-01 14:26+0700\n"
 "Last-Translator: Trần Ng�c Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Vietnamese <translation-team-vi@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
 "Language: vi\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Team-Website: <http://translationproject.org/team/vi.html>\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=1;\n"
 "X-Poedit-SourceCharset: UTF-8\n"
 "X-Poedit-Basepath: ../\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.5\n"
 
-#: advice.c:40
+#: advice.c:53
 #, c-format
 msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
 msgstr "gợi ý: %.*s\n"
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ msgstr "gợi ý: %.*s\n"
 #. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
 #. * other commands doing a merge do.
 #.
-#: advice.c:70
+#: advice.c:83
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
 "and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
@@ -60,81 +62,207 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
 msgstr "git archive --remote <kho> [--exec <lệnh>] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:322
+#: archive.c:323
 msgid "fmt"
 msgstr "fmt"
 
-#: archive.c:322
+#: archive.c:323
 msgid "archive format"
 msgstr "định dạng lưu trữ"
 
-#: archive.c:323 builtin/log.c:1084
+#: archive.c:324 builtin/log.c:1126
 msgid "prefix"
 msgstr "ti�n tố"
 
-#: archive.c:324
+#: archive.c:325
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
 msgstr "nối thêm ti�n tố vào từng đư�ng dẫn tập tin trong kho lưu"
 
-#: archive.c:325 builtin/archive.c:91 builtin/blame.c:2390
-#: builtin/blame.c:2391 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:642
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:644 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:494 builtin/ls-files.c:497 builtin/notes.c:540
-#: builtin/notes.c:697 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
+#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2371
+#: builtin/blame.c:2372 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:665
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:667 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:490 builtin/ls-files.c:493 builtin/notes.c:536
+#: builtin/notes.c:693 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
 msgid "file"
 msgstr "tập-tin"
 
-#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:92
+#: archive.c:327 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
 msgstr "ghi kho lưu vào tập tin này"
 
-#: archive.c:328
+#: archive.c:329
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
 msgstr "đ�c .gitattributes trong thư mục làm việc"
 
-#: archive.c:329
+#: archive.c:330
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
-msgstr "liệt kê các tập tin được lưu trữ vào stderr (đầu ra lỗi chuẩn)"
+msgstr "liệt kê các tập tin được lưu trữ vào stderr (đầu ra lỗi tiêu chuẩn)"
 
-#: archive.c:330
+#: archive.c:331
 msgid "store only"
 msgstr "chỉ lưu (không nén)"
 
-#: archive.c:331
+#: archive.c:332
 msgid "compress faster"
 msgstr "nén nhanh hơn"
 
-#: archive.c:339
+#: archive.c:340
 msgid "compress better"
 msgstr "nén nh� hơn"
 
-#: archive.c:342
+#: archive.c:343
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
 msgstr "liệt kê các kiểu nén được hỗ trợ"
 
-#: archive.c:344 builtin/archive.c:93 builtin/clone.c:85
+#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
 msgid "repo"
 msgstr "kho"
 
-#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:94
+#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
 msgstr "nhận kho lưu từ kho chứa <kho> trên máy chủ"
 
-#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:95 builtin/notes.c:619
+#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:615
 msgid "command"
 msgstr "lệnh"
 
-#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:96
+#: archive.c:348 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đến lệnh git-upload-pack trên máy chủ"
 
 #: attr.c:259
 msgid ""
-"Negative patterns are forbidden in git attributes\n"
+"Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
 "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
 msgstr ""
-"Mấu dạng phủ định bị cấm chỉ dùng trong các thuộc tính của git\n"
-"Dùng '\\!' cho các chuỗi văn bản có dấu chấm than."
+"Các mẫu dạng phủ định bị cấm dùng cho các thuộc tính của git\n"
+"Dùng “\\!� cho các chuỗi văn bản có dấu chấm than dẫn đầu."
+
+#: branch.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "Chưa cài đặt nhánh %s như là thượng nguồn (upstream) của nó."
+
+#: branch.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi vết nhánh máy chủ %s từ %s bằng cách rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
+msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo vết nhánh máy chủ %s từ %s."
+
+#: branch.c:87
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo vết nhánh nội bộ %s bằng cách rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
+msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo vết nhánh nội bộ %s."
+
+#: branch.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo vết nhánh máy chủ %s bằng cách rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
+msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo vết tham chiếu máy chủ %s."
+
+#: branch.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi vết tham chiếu nội bộ %s bằng cách rebase."
+
+#: branch.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
+msgstr "Nhánh %s cài đặt để theo dõi tham chiếu nội bộ %s."
+
+#: branch.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "Tracking not set up: name too long: %s"
+msgstr "Theo vết chưa được cài đặt: tên quá dài: %s"
+
+#: branch.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
+msgstr "Không theo vết: thông tin chưa rõ ràng cho tham chiếu %s"
+
+#: branch.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
+msgstr "“%s� không phải là một tên nhánh hợp lệ."
+
+#: branch.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "�ã có nhánh mang tên “%s�."
+
+#: branch.c:195
+msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
+msgstr "Không thể ép buộc cập nhật nhánh hiện hành."
+
+#: branch.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể cài đặt thông tin theo vết; điểm bắt đầu “%s� không phải là một "
+"nhánh."
+
+#: branch.c:203
+#, c-format
+msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "nhánh dòng ngược đã yêu cầu “%s� chưa sẵn có"
+
+#: branch.c:205
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
+"branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to\n"
+"run \"git fetch\" to retrieve it.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you are planning to push out a new local branch that\n"
+"will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
+"\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Nếu bạn có ý định trên cơ sở công việc của bạn trên nhánh dòng ngược\n"
+"(upstream) cái mà đã sẵn có trên máy chủ, bạn cần chạy\n"
+"lệnh \"git fetch\" để lấy nó v�.\n"
+"\n"
+"Nếu bạn có ý định push lênh một nhánh nội bộ mới cái mà\n"
+"sẽ theo dõi bản đối chiếu máy chủ của nó, bạn cần dùng lệnh\n"
+"\"git push -u\" để đặt cấu hình dòng ngược bạn muốn push."
+
+#: branch.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "Không phải tên đối tượng hợp lệ: “%s�."
+
+#: branch.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "Tên đối tượng chưa rõ ràng: “%s�."
+
+#: branch.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
+msgstr "Nhánh không hợp lệ: “%s�."
+
+#: branch.c:281
+msgid "Failed to lock ref for update"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi khóa tham chiếu (ref) để cập nhật"
+
+#: branch.c:299
+msgid "Failed to write ref"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi ghi tham chiếu (ref)"
 
 #: bundle.c:36
 #, c-format
@@ -146,44 +274,44 @@ msgstr "“%sâ€� không giống nhÆ° tập tin v2 bundle (định dạng dump cá
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "phần đầu (header) không được thừa nhận: %s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:674
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:676
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể mở “%s�"
 
 #: bundle.c:140
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
-msgstr "Khó chứa thiếu những lần chuyển giao (commit) cần trước hết này:"
+msgstr "Kho chứa thiếu những lần chuyển giao (commit) cần trước hết này:"
 
-#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:562 sequencer.c:994 builtin/log.c:290
-#: builtin/log.c:732 builtin/log.c:1319 builtin/log.c:1535 builtin/merge.c:347
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:651 sequencer.c:1101 builtin/log.c:300
+#: builtin/log.c:770 builtin/log.c:1344 builtin/log.c:1570 builtin/merge.c:349
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:155
 msgid "revision walk setup failed"
 msgstr "cài đặt việc di chuyển qua các điểm xét lại gặp lỗi"
 
 #: bundle.c:186
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
-msgstr[0] "Bundle chứa %d tham chiếu (refs)"
-msgstr[1] "Bundle chứa %d tham chiếu (refs)"
+msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "Bundle chứa tham chiếu (ref) này:"
+msgstr[1] "Bundle chứa %d tham chiếu (ref):"
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:193
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "Lệnh bundle ghi lại toàn bộ lịch sử."
 
 #: bundle.c:195
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
-msgstr[0] "Lệnh bundle yêu cầu tham chiếu (refs) này"
-msgstr[1] "Lệnh bundle yêu cầu %d tham chiếu (refs) này"
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "Lệnh bundle yêu cầu tham chiếu này:"
+msgstr[1] "Lệnh bundle yêu cầu %d tham chiếu (refs) này:"
 
 #: bundle.c:294
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "rev-list đã chết"
 
-#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1215 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1255 builtin/shortlog.c:258
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "đối số không được thừa nhận: %s"
@@ -309,22 +437,22 @@ msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
 msgstr[0] "%lu năm trước"
 msgstr[1] "%lu năm trước"
 
-#: diff.c:111
+#: diff.c:112
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
-msgstr "  Gặp lỗi khi phân tích dirstat cắt b� phần trăm '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Gặp lỗi khi phân tích dirstat cắt b� phần trăm “%s�\n"
 
-#: diff.c:116
+#: diff.c:117
 #, c-format
 msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
-msgstr "  Không hiểu đối số dirstat '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Không hiểu đối số dirstat “%s�\n"
 
-#: diff.c:194
+#: diff.c:210
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
-msgstr "Không hiểu giá trị cho biến cấu hình “diff.submodule�: `%s'"
+msgstr "Không hiểu giá trị cho biến cấu hình “diff.submodule�: “%s�"
 
-#: diff.c:237
+#: diff.c:260
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
@@ -333,7 +461,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Tìm thấy các lỗi trong biến cấu hình “diff.dirstat�:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3494
+#: diff.c:3481
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
@@ -342,34 +470,44 @@ msgstr ""
 "Gặp lỗi khi phân tích đối số tùy ch�n --dirstat/-X:\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:3508
+#: diff.c:3495
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân tích đối số tùy ch�n --submodule: `%s'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân tích đối số tùy ch�n --submodule: “%s�"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:59
+#: gpg-interface.c:59 gpg-interface.c:131
 msgid "could not run gpg."
 msgstr "không thể chạy gpg."
 
 #: gpg-interface.c:71
 msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
-msgstr "gpg đã không đồng ý dữ liệu"
+msgstr "gpg đã không chấp nhận dữ liệu"
 
 #: gpg-interface.c:82
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr "gpg gặp lỗi khi ký dữ liệu"
 
-#: grep.c:1622
+#: gpg-interface.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "không thể tạo tập tin tạm th�i “%s�: %s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi chữ ký đính kèm vào “%s�: %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1623
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr "“%s�: không thể đ�c %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1639
+#: grep.c:1640
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': %s"
 msgstr "“%s�: %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1650
+#: grep.c:1651
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': short read %s"
 msgstr "“%s�: đ�c ngắn %s"
@@ -383,7 +521,11 @@ msgstr "các lệnh git sẵn sàng để dùng trong “%s�"
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr "các lệnh git sẵn sàng để dùng từ một nơi khác trong $PATH của bạn"
 
-#: help.c:275
+#: help.c:235
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr "Những lệnh git hay được sử dụng nhất là:"
+
+#: help.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
@@ -392,11 +534,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "“%s� trông như là một lệnh git, nhưng chúng tôi không\n"
 "thể thực thi nó. Có lẽ là lệnh git-%s đã bị h�ng?"
 
-#: help.c:332
+#: help.c:349
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr "�i chà. Hệ thống của bạn báo rằng chẳng có lệnh Git nào cả."
 
-#: help.c:354
+#: help.c:371
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
@@ -405,17 +547,17 @@ msgstr ""
 "CẢNH B�O: Bạn đã g�i lệnh Git có tên “%s�, mà nó lại không có sẵn.\n"
 "Giả định rằng ý bạn là “%s�"
 
-#: help.c:359
+#: help.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
 msgstr "trong %0.1f giây một cách tự động..."
 
-#: help.c:366
+#: help.c:383
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
 msgstr "git: “%s� không phải là một lệnh của git. Xem “git --help�."
 
-#: help.c:370
+#: help.c:387
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -433,8 +575,8 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 msgid "failed to read the cache"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đ�c bộ nhớ tạm"
 
-#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:333 builtin/checkout.c:534
-#: builtin/clone.c:586
+#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:365 builtin/checkout.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:645
 msgid "unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
 
@@ -483,7 +625,7 @@ msgstr "không thể đ�c đối tượng %s “%s�"
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
 msgstr "đối tượng blob được mong đợi cho %s “%s�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:302
+#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:313
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to open '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi mở “%s�"
@@ -618,7 +760,7 @@ msgstr "�ã b� qua %s (đã có sẵn lần hòa trộn này)"
 msgid "Auto-merging %s"
 msgstr "Tự-động-hòa-trộn %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:893
+#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:1029
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "mô-đun-con"
 
@@ -690,43 +832,62 @@ msgstr "hòa trộn không trả v� lần chuyển giao (commit) nào"
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể phân tích đối tượng “%s�"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:643
+#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:658
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr "Không thể ghi bảng mục lục"
 
-#: parse-options.c:494
+#: object.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích đối tượng: “%s�"
+
+#: parse-options.c:489
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "..."
 
-#: parse-options.c:512
+#: parse-options.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "cách dùng: %s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
 #. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:516
+#: parse-options.c:511
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr "     hoặc: %s"
 
-#: parse-options.c:519
+#: parse-options.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: remote.c:1632
+#: parse-options.c:548
+msgid "-NUM"
+msgstr "-S�"
+
+#: pathspec.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn “%s� thì ở trong mô-đun-con “%.*s�"
+
+#: pathspec.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "“%s� nằm ngoài một liên kết tượng trưng"
+
+#: remote.c:1781
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
 msgstr[0] "Nhánh của bạn là đầu của “%s� bởi %d lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
 msgstr[1] "Nhánh của bạn là đầu của “%s� bởi %d lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1637
+#: remote.c:1787
 msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git push\" để xuất bản các lần chuyển giao nội bộ của bạn)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1640
+#: remote.c:1790
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
@@ -738,11 +899,11 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Nhánh của bạn thì ở đằng sau “%s� bởi %d lần chuyển giao (commit), và có thể "
 "được fast-forward.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1647
+#: remote.c:1798
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git pull\" để cập nhật nhánh nội bộ của bạn)\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1650
+#: remote.c:1801
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -758,25 +919,25 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "Your branch and “%s� have diverged,\n"
 "and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1659
+#: remote.c:1811
 msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "  (dùng \"git pull\" để hòa trộn nhánh trên máy chủ vào trong nhánh của "
 "bạn)\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:761 builtin/merge.c:874 builtin/merge.c:984
-#: builtin/merge.c:994
+#: sequencer.c:206 builtin/merge.c:776 builtin/merge.c:889 builtin/merge.c:999
+#: builtin/merge.c:1009
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
 msgstr "Không thể mở “%s� để ghi"
 
-#: sequencer.c:125 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:764 builtin/merge.c:986
-#: builtin/merge.c:999
+#: sequencer.c:208 builtin/merge.c:335 builtin/merge.c:779
+#: builtin/merge.c:1001 builtin/merge.c:1014
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi vào “%s�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:146
+#: sequencer.c:229
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
@@ -784,7 +945,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "sau khi giải quyết các xung đột, đánh dấu đư�ng dẫn đã sửa\n"
 "với lệnh “git add <đư�ng_dẫn>� hoặc “git rm <đư�ng_dẫn>�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:149
+#: sequencer.c:232
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
@@ -794,236 +955,242 @@ msgstr ""
 "với lệnh “git add <đư�ng_dẫn>� hoặc “git rm <đư�ng_dẫn>�\n"
 "và chuyển giao (commit) kết quả bằng lệnh “git commit�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:162 sequencer.c:770 sequencer.c:853
+#: sequencer.c:245 sequencer.c:859 sequencer.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not write to %s"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi vào %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:165
+#: sequencer.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
 msgstr "Lỗi bao b�c %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:180
+#: sequencer.c:263
 msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
 msgstr "Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn có thể bị ghi đè bởi lệnh cherry-pick."
 
-#: sequencer.c:182
+#: sequencer.c:265
 msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
 msgstr "Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn có thể bị ghi đè bởi lệnh revert."
 
-#: sequencer.c:185
+#: sequencer.c:268
 msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
 msgstr "Chuyển giao (commit) các thay đổi của bạn hay stash chúng để xử lý."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:235
+#: sequencer.c:319
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "%s: Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
 
-#: sequencer.c:266
+#: sequencer.c:350
 msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
 msgstr "Không thể phân giải commit (lần chuyển giao) HEAD\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:287
+#: sequencer.c:371
 msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
 msgstr "Không thể cập nhật cây bộ nhớ đệm\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:332
+#: sequencer.c:416
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
 msgstr "Không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) %s\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:337
+#: sequencer.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
 msgstr "Không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) cha mẹ %s\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:403
+#: sequencer.c:487
 msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
 msgstr "Tập tin lưu mục lục của bạn không được hòa trộn."
 
-#: sequencer.c:406
-msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
-msgstr "Bạn không có HEAD nào hợp lệ"
-
-#: sequencer.c:421
+#: sequencer.c:506
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
 msgstr ""
 "Lần chuyển giao (commit) %s là một lần hòa trộn nhưng không đưa ra tùy ch�n -"
 "m."
 
-#: sequencer.c:429
+#: sequencer.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
 msgstr "Lần chuyển giao (commit) %s không có cha mẹ %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:433
+#: sequencer.c:518
 #, c-format
 msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
 msgstr ""
-"Luồng chính được chỉ ra nhưng lần chuyển giao (commit) %s không phải là một "
-"lần hòa trộn."
+"Luồng chính đã được chỉ ra nhưng lần chuyển giao (commit) %s không phải là "
+"một lần hòa trộn."
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
 #. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:444
+#: sequencer.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr "%s: không thể phân tích lần chuyển giao mẹ của %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:448
+#: sequencer.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
 msgstr "Không thể lấy thông điệp lần chuyển giao (commit) cho %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:532
+#: sequencer.c:621
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
 msgstr "không thể revert %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:533
+#: sequencer.c:622
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
 msgstr "không thể apply (áp dụng miếng vá) %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:565
+#: sequencer.c:654
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "lần chuyển giao (commit) trống rỗng đặt là hợp quy cách"
 
-#: sequencer.c:573
+#: sequencer.c:662
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr "git %s: gặp lỗi đ�c bảng mục lục"
 
-#: sequencer.c:578
+#: sequencer.c:667
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr "git %s: gặp lỗi khi làm tươi mới bảng mục lục"
 
-#: sequencer.c:636
+#: sequencer.c:725
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
 msgstr "Không thể %s trong khi %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:658
+#: sequencer.c:747
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse line %d."
 msgstr "Không phân tích được dòng %d."
 
-#: sequencer.c:663
+#: sequencer.c:752
 msgid "No commits parsed."
 msgstr "Không có lần chuyển giao (commit) nào được phân tích."
 
-#: sequencer.c:676
+#: sequencer.c:765
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open %s"
 msgstr "Không thể mở %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:680
+#: sequencer.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read %s."
 msgstr "Không thể đ�c %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:687
+#: sequencer.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
 msgstr "Bảng chỉ thị không thể dùng được: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:715
+#: sequencer.c:804
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid key: %s"
 msgstr "Khóa không đúng: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:718
+#: sequencer.c:807
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
 msgstr "Giá trị không hợp lệ %s: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:730
+#: sequencer.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
 msgstr "Bảng tùy ch�n dị hình: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:751
+#: sequencer.c:840
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr "một thao tác cherry-pick hoặc revert đang được thực hiện"
 
-#: sequencer.c:752
+#: sequencer.c:841
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr "hãy thử \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:756
+#: sequencer.c:845
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
 msgstr "Không thể tạo thư mục xếp dãy %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:772 sequencer.c:857
+#: sequencer.c:861 sequencer.c:946
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
 msgstr "Lỗi bao b�c %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:791 sequencer.c:925
+#: sequencer.c:880 sequencer.c:1014
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr "không cherry-pick hay revert trong tiến trình"
 
-#: sequencer.c:793
+#: sequencer.c:882
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "không thể phân giải HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:795
+#: sequencer.c:884
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "không thể hủy b� từ một nhánh mà nó còn chưa được tạo ra"
 
-#: sequencer.c:817 builtin/apply.c:4005
+#: sequencer.c:906 builtin/apply.c:4060
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
 msgstr "không thể mở %s: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:820
+#: sequencer.c:909
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c %s: %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:821
+#: sequencer.c:910
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "kết thúc tập tin đột xuất"
 
-#: sequencer.c:827
+#: sequencer.c:916
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr "tập tin HEAD “pre-cherry-pick� đã lưu “%s� bị h�ng"
 
-#: sequencer.c:850
+#: sequencer.c:939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not format %s."
 msgstr "Không thể định dạng %s."
 
-#: sequencer.c:1012
+#: sequencer.c:1083
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
+msgstr "%s: không thể cherry-pick một %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: bad revision"
+msgstr "%s: điểm xét duyệt sai"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1119
 msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
 msgstr "Không thể revert một lần chuyển giao (commit) khởi tạo"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1013
+#: sequencer.c:1120
 msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
 msgstr "Không thể cherry-pick vào một đầu (head) trống rỗng"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1044
+#: sha1_name.c:1036
 msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
 msgstr "HEAD không chỉ đến một nhánh nào cả"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1047
+#: sha1_name.c:1039
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
 msgstr "Không có nhánh nào như thế: “%s�"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1049
+#: sha1_name.c:1041
 #, c-format
 msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Không có thượng nguồn (upstream) được cấu hình cho nhánh “%s�"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1052
+#: sha1_name.c:1044
 #, c-format
 msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
 msgstr ""
@@ -1035,12 +1202,17 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
 msgstr "không thể truy cập “%s�: %s"
 
-#: wrapper.c:426
+#: wrapper.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể truy cập “%s�"
+
+#: wrapper.c:434
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
 msgstr "không tìm thấy ngư�i dùng hiện tại trong tập tin passwd: %s"
 
-#: wrapper.c:427
+#: wrapper.c:435
 msgid "no such user"
 msgstr "không có ngư�i dùng như vậy"
 
@@ -1121,7 +1293,7 @@ msgstr "bị xóa bởi cả hai:"
 
 #: wt-status.c:250
 msgid "added by us:"
-msgstr "được thêm vào bởi chúng tôi:"
+msgstr "được thêm vào bởi chúng ta:"
 
 #: wt-status.c:251
 msgid "deleted by them:"
@@ -1133,7 +1305,7 @@ msgstr "được thêm vào bởi h�:"
 
 #: wt-status.c:253
 msgid "deleted by us:"
-msgstr "bị xóa bởi chúng tôi:"
+msgstr "bị xóa bởi chúng ta:"
 
 #: wt-status.c:254
 msgid "both added:"
@@ -1149,204 +1321,269 @@ msgstr "lần chuyển giao (commit) mới, "
 
 #: wt-status.c:287
 msgid "modified content, "
-msgstr "nội dung được sửa đổi, "
+msgstr "nội dung bị sửa đổi, "
 
 #: wt-status.c:289
 msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "nội dung chưa được theo dõi, "
 
-#: wt-status.c:303
+#: wt-status.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "new file:   %s"
 msgstr "tập tin mới:   %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:306
+#: wt-status.c:309
 #, c-format
 msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
 msgstr "đã sao chép:     %s -> %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:309
+#: wt-status.c:312
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleted:    %s"
 msgstr "đã xóa:    %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:312
+#: wt-status.c:315
 #, c-format
 msgid "modified:   %s"
 msgstr "đã sửa đổi:   %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:315
+#: wt-status.c:318
 #, c-format
 msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
 msgstr "đã đổi tên:    %s -> %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:318
+#: wt-status.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "typechange: %s"
 msgstr "đổi-kiểu: %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:321
+#: wt-status.c:324
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown:    %s"
 msgstr "không hiểu:    %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:324
+#: wt-status.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "unmerged:   %s"
 msgstr "chưa hòa trộn:   %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:327
+#: wt-status.c:330
 #, c-format
 msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
 msgstr "lỗi: không lấy được trạng thái lệnh diff %c"
 
-#: wt-status.c:785
+#: wt-status.c:803
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr "Bạn có những đư�ng dẫn chưa được hòa trộn."
 
-#: wt-status.c:788 wt-status.c:912
+#: wt-status.c:806 wt-status.c:958
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  (sửa các xung đột sau đó chạy \"git commit\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:791
+#: wt-status.c:809
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr "Tất cả các xung đột đã được giải quyết nhưng bạn vẫn đang hòa trộn."
 
-#: wt-status.c:794
+#: wt-status.c:812
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git commit\" để hoàn tất việc hòa trộn)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:804
+#: wt-status.c:822
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "Bạn đang ở giữa của một phiên “am�."
 
-#: wt-status.c:807
+#: wt-status.c:825
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "Miếng vá hiện tại bị trống rỗng."
 
-#: wt-status.c:811
+#: wt-status.c:829
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
 msgstr "  (sửa các xung đột và sau đó chạy lệnh \"git am --resolved\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:813
+#: wt-status.c:831
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
-msgstr "  (dùng \"git am --skip\" để b� qua lần vá này)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git am --skip\" để b� qua miếng vá này)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:815
+#: wt-status.c:833
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git am --abort\" để phục hồi lại nhánh nguyên thủy)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:873 wt-status.c:883
+#: wt-status.c:893 wt-status.c:910
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc rebase nhánh “%s� trên “%s�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:898 wt-status.c:915
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc rebase (tái cấu trúc)."
 
-#: wt-status.c:876
+#: wt-status.c:901
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  (sửa các xung đột và sau đó chạy lệnh \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:878
+#: wt-status.c:903
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git rebase --skip\" để b� qua lần vá này)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:880
+#: wt-status.c:905
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git rebase --abort\" để check-out nhánh nguyên thủy)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:886
+#: wt-status.c:918
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (khi tất cả các xung đột đã sửa xong: chạy lệnh \"git rebase --continue\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:888
+#: wt-status.c:922
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc chia tách một lần chuyển giao (commit) "
+"trong khi đang rebase nhánh “%s� trên “%s�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:927
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr ""
 "Bạn hiện tại đang cắt đôi một lần chuyển giao trong khi đang thực hiện việc "
 "rebase."
 
-#: wt-status.c:891
+#: wt-status.c:930
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr ""
 "  (Một khi thư mục làm việc của bạn đã g�n gàng, chạy \"git rebase --continue"
 "\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:893
+#: wt-status.c:934
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc sửa chữa một lần chuyển giao (commit) trong "
+"khi đang rebase nhánh “%s� trên “%s�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:939
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "Bạn hiện đang sửa một lần chuyển giao trong khi bạn thực hiện rebase."
 
-#: wt-status.c:896
+#: wt-status.c:942
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (dùng \"git commit --amend\" để tu bổ lần chuyển giao (commit) hiện tại)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:898
+#: wt-status.c:944
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr ""
 "  (dùng \"git rebase --continue\" một khi bạn cảm thấy hài lòng v� những "
 "thay đổi của mình)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:908
+#: wt-status.c:954
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking."
 msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc cherry-pick."
 
-#: wt-status.c:915
+#: wt-status.c:961
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  (khi tất cả các xung đột đã sửa xong: chạy lệnh \"git commit\")"
 
-#: wt-status.c:924
+#: wt-status.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
+msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện thao tác revert lần chuyển giao “%s�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:975
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (sửa các xung đột và sau đó chạy lệnh \"git revert --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:978
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (khi tất cả các xung đột đã sửa xong: chạy lệnh \"git revert --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:980
+msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git revert --abort\" để hủy b� thao tác revert)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện thao tác di chuyển nửa bước (bisect), bắt đầu từ "
+"nhánh “%s�."
+
+#: wt-status.c:995
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr "Bạn hiện tại đang thực hiện việc bisect (chia đôi)."
 
-#: wt-status.c:927
+#: wt-status.c:998
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr "  (dùng \"git bisect reset\" để quay trở lại nhánh nguyên thủy)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:978
+#: wt-status.c:1173
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "Trên nhánh "
 
-#: wt-status.c:985
+#: wt-status.c:1184
+msgid "HEAD detached at "
+msgstr "HEAD được tách r�i tại"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1186
+msgid "HEAD detached from "
+msgstr "HEAD được tách r�i từ"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1189
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr "Hiện tại chẳng ở nhánh nào cả."
 
-#: wt-status.c:997
+#: wt-status.c:1206
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "Lần chuyển giao (commit) khởi đầu"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1011
+#: wt-status.c:1220
 msgid "Untracked files"
 msgstr "Những tập tin chưa được theo dõi"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1013
+#: wt-status.c:1222
 msgid "Ignored files"
 msgstr "Những tập tin bị l� đi"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1015
+#: wt-status.c:1226
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
+"may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
+"new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+msgstr ""
+"Cần %.2f giây để liệt kê tất cả các tập tin chưa được theo dõi. “status -"
+"uno�\n"
+"có lẽ làm nó nhanh hơn, nhưng bạn phải cẩn thận đừng quên mình phải\n"
+"tự thêm các tập tin mới (xem “git help status�.."
+
+#: wt-status.c:1232
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "Những tập tin không bị theo vết không được liệt kê ra %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1017
+#: wt-status.c:1234
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr " (dùng tùy ch�n -u để hiển thị các tập tin chưa được theo dõi)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1023
+#: wt-status.c:1240
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "Không có thay đổi nào"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1028
+#: wt-status.c:1245
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
 msgstr ""
 "không có thay đổi nào được thêm vào commit (dùng \"git add\" và/hoặc \"git "
 "commit -a\")\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1031
+#: wt-status.c:1248
 #, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
 msgstr "không có thay đổi nào được thêm vào lần chuyển giao (commit)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1034
+#: wt-status.c:1251
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
@@ -1355,225 +1592,295 @@ msgstr ""
 "không có gì được thêm vào lần chuyển giao (commit) nhưng có những tập tin "
 "không được theo dấu vết hiện diện (dùng \"git add\" để đưa vào theo dõi)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1037
+#: wt-status.c:1254
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
 msgstr ""
 "không có gì được thêm vào lần chuyển giao (commit) nhưng có những tập tin "
 "không được theo dấu vết hiện diện\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1040
+#: wt-status.c:1257
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
 msgstr ""
 " không có gì để commit (tạo/sao-chép các tập tin và dùng \"git add\" để theo "
 "dõi dấu vết)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1043 wt-status.c:1048
+#: wt-status.c:1260 wt-status.c:1265
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
 msgstr "không có gì để chuyển giao (commit)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1046
+#: wt-status.c:1263
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
 msgstr ""
 "không có gì để chuyển giao (commit) (dùng -u để b� các tập tin cần theo dấu "
 "vết)\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1050
+#: wt-status.c:1267
 #, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
 msgstr "không có gì để chuyển giao (commit), thư mục làm việc sạch sẽ\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1158
+#: wt-status.c:1375
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD (không nhánh)"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1164
+#: wt-status.c:1381
 msgid "Initial commit on "
 msgstr "Lần chuyển giao (commit) khởi tạo trên "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1179
+#: wt-status.c:1396
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "đằng sau "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1182 wt-status.c:1185
+#: wt-status.c:1399 wt-status.c:1402
 msgid "ahead "
 msgstr "phía trước "
 
-#: wt-status.c:1187
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid ", behind "
 msgstr ", đằng sau "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:341
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr "b� liên kết (unlink) %s không thành công"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:19
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git add [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] <mẫu-tập-tin>..."
+#: builtin/add.c:20
+msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [các-tùy-ch�n] [--]  <pathspec>..."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:62
+#.
+#. * To be consistent with "git add -p" and most Git
+#. * commands, we should default to being tree-wide, but
+#. * this is not the original behavior and can't be
+#. * changed until users trained themselves not to type
+#. * "git add -u" or "git add -A". For now, we warn and
+#. * keep the old behavior. Later, the behavior can be changed
+#. * to tree-wide, keeping the warning for a while, and
+#. * eventually we can drop the warning.
+#.
+#: builtin/add.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The behavior of 'git add %s (or %s)' with no path argument from a\n"
+"subdirectory of the tree will change in Git 2.0 and should not be used "
+"anymore.\n"
+"To add content for the whole tree, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s :/\n"
+"  (or git add %s :/)\n"
+"\n"
+"To restrict the command to the current directory, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s .\n"
+"  (or git add %s .)\n"
+"\n"
+"With the current Git version, the command is restricted to the current "
+"directory.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Cách ứng xử của lệnh “git add %s (hay %s)� khi không có tham số đư�ng dẫn "
+"từ\n"
+"thư-mục con của cây sẽ thay đổi kể từ Git 2.0 và không thể sử dụng như thế "
+"nữa.\n"
+"�ể thêm nội dung cho toàn bộ cây, chạy:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s :/\n"
+"  (hay git add %s :/)\n"
+"\n"
+"�ể hạn chế lệnh cho thư-mục hiện tại, chạy:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s .\n"
+"  (hay git add %s .)\n"
+"\n"
+"Với phiên bản hiện tại của Git, lệnh bị hạn chế cho thư-mục hiện tại.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You ran 'git add' with neither '-A (--all)' or '--ignore-removal',\n"
+"whose behaviour will change in Git 2.0 with respect to paths you removed.\n"
+"Paths like '%s' that are\n"
+"removed from your working tree are ignored with this version of Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>', which is the current default,\n"
+"  ignores paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --all <pathspec>' will let you also record the removals.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run 'git status' to check the paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn chạy “git add� mà không có “-A (--all)� cũng không “--ignore-removal�,\n"
+"cách ứng xử của nó sẽ thay đổi kể từ Git 2.0: nó quan tâm đến các đư�ng dẫn "
+"mà\n"
+"bạn đã gỡ b�. Các đư�ng dẫn như là “%s� cái mà\n"
+"bị gỡ b� từ cây làm việc của bạn thì bị b� qua với phiên bản này của Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"* “git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>�, cái hiện tại là mặc định,\n"
+"  b� qua các đư�ng dẫn bạn đã gỡ b� từ cây làm việc của bạn.\n"
+"\n"
+"* “git add --all <pathspec>� sẽ đồng th�i giúp bạn ghi lại việc d�i đi.\n"
+"\n"
+"Chạy “git status� để kiểm tra các đư�ng dẫn bạn đã gỡ b� từ cây làm việc của "
+"bạn.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:144
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr "trạng thái lệnh diff không như mong đợi %c"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:231
+#: builtin/add.c:149 builtin/commit.c:233
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr "Cập nhật tập tin gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:77
+#: builtin/add.c:163
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr "gỡ b� “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:176
-#, c-format
-msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn “%s� thì ở trong mô-đun-con “%.*s�"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:192
+#: builtin/add.c:253
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr ""
 "Các thay đổi không được lưu trạng thái sau khi làm tươi mới lại bảng mục lục:"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:460 builtin/rm.c:275
+#: builtin/add.c:256 builtin/add.c:572 builtin/rm.c:275
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr "pathspec “%s� không khớp với bất kỳ tập tin nào"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
-msgstr "“%s� nằm ngoài một liên kết tượng trưng"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:276
+#: builtin/add.c:339
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr "Không thể đ�c bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
-msgstr "Không thể mở “%s� để ghi"
+msgstr "Không thể mở “%s� để ghi."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:290
+#: builtin/add.c:353
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi ra miếng vá"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:295
+#: builtin/add.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể lấy trạng thái v� “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:297
+#: builtin/add.c:360
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr "Miếng vá trống rỗng. �ã b� qua."
 
-#: builtin/add.c:303
+#: builtin/add.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể apply (áp dụng miếng vá) “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:313
+#: builtin/add.c:376
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Các đư�ng dẫn theo sau đây sẽ bị l� đi bởi một trong các tập tin .gitignore "
 "của bạn:\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:319 builtin/clean.c:52 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:388 builtin/remote.c:1253
+#: builtin/add.c:393 builtin/clean.c:161 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:425 builtin/remote.c:1253
 #: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid "dry run"
 msgstr "chạy thử"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:320 builtin/apply.c:4354 builtin/commit.c:1160
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:82 builtin/fsck.c:613 builtin/log.c:1483
-#: builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
+#: builtin/add.c:394 builtin/apply.c:4409 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
+#: builtin/commit.c:1152 builtin/count-objects.c:95 builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/log.c:1518 builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
 msgid "be verbose"
 msgstr "chi tiết"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:322
+#: builtin/add.c:396
 msgid "interactive picking"
 msgstr "sửa bằng cách tương tác"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:323 builtin/checkout.c:1031 builtin/reset.c:248
+#: builtin/add.c:397 builtin/checkout.c:1063 builtin/reset.c:258
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
 msgstr "ch�n “hunks� một cách tương tác"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:324
+#: builtin/add.c:398
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
 msgstr "sửa diff hiện nay và áp dụng nó"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:325
+#: builtin/add.c:399
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
 msgstr "cho phép thêm các tập tin bị b� qua khác"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:326
+#: builtin/add.c:400
 msgid "update tracked files"
 msgstr "cập nhật các tập tin được theo vết"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:327
+#: builtin/add.c:401
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
 msgstr "chỉ ghi lại sự việc mà đư�ng dẫn sẽ được thêm vào sau"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:328
+#: builtin/add.c:402
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
 msgstr ""
 "thêm các thay đổi từ tất cả các tập tin có cũng như không được theo dõi dấu "
 "vết"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
+#. takes no arguments
+#: builtin/add.c:405
+msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
+msgstr ""
+"l� đi các đư�ng dẫn bị gỡ b� trong cây thư mục làm việc (giống với --no-all)"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:407
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
 msgstr "không thêm, chỉ làm tươi mới bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:330
+#: builtin/add.c:408
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
 msgstr "chie b� qua những tập tin mà nó không thể được thêm vào bởi vì gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:331
+#: builtin/add.c:409
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
 msgstr ""
 "kiểm tra xem - thậm chí thiếu - tập tin bị b� qua trong quá trình chạy thử"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:353
+#: builtin/add.c:431
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr "Sử dụng tùy ch�n -f nếu bạn thực sự muốn thêm chúng vào.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:354
+#: builtin/add.c:432
 msgid "no files added"
 msgstr "chưa có tập tin nào được thêm vào"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:360
+#: builtin/add.c:438
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "thêm tập tin gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:392
+#: builtin/add.c:477
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr "-A và -u xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:394
+#: builtin/add.c:495
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n --ignore-missing chỉ có thể được dùng cùng với --dry-run"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:414
+#: builtin/add.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr "Không có gì được chỉ ra, không có gì được thêm vào.\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:415
+#: builtin/add.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
 msgstr "Có lẽ bạn muốn là “git add .� phải không?\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:421 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:291 builtin/mv.c:82
-#: builtin/rm.c:235
+#: builtin/add.c:532 builtin/check-ignore.c:66 builtin/clean.c:204
+#: builtin/commit.c:293 builtin/mv.c:82 builtin/rm.c:235
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr "tập tin ghi bảng mục lục bị h�ng"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:481 builtin/apply.c:4450 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
+#: builtin/add.c:604 builtin/apply.c:4505 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
 msgid "Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
 
@@ -1626,19 +1933,19 @@ msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - tên tập tin cũ mâu thuấn trên dòng %d
 #: builtin/apply.c:957
 #, c-format
 msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
-msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - mong đợi /dev/null trên dòng %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - cần /dev/null trên dòng %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1420
+#: builtin/apply.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
-msgstr "chi tiết: dòng không được mong đợi: %.*s"
+msgstr "chi tiết: dòng không cần: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1477
+#: builtin/apply.c:1479
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr "miếng vá phân mảnh mà không có phần đầu tại dòng %d: %.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1494
+#: builtin/apply.c:1496
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
@@ -1653,82 +1960,78 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "phần đầu diff cho git  thiếu thông tin tên tập tin khi gỡ b� đi %d trong "
 "thành phần dẫn đầu tên của đư�ng dẫn (dòng %d)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1654
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
 msgid "new file depends on old contents"
 msgstr "tập tin mới phụ thuộc vào nội dung cũ"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+#: builtin/apply.c:1658
 msgid "deleted file still has contents"
 msgstr "tập tin đã xóa vẫn còn nội dung"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1682
+#: builtin/apply.c:1684
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
 msgstr "miếng vá h�ng tại dòng %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1718
+#: builtin/apply.c:1720
 #, c-format
 msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
 msgstr "tập tin mới %s phụ thuộc vào nội dung cũ"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1720
+#: builtin/apply.c:1722
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
 msgstr "tập tin đã xóa %s vẫn còn nội dung"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#: builtin/apply.c:1725
 #, c-format
 msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
 msgstr "** cảnh báo: tập tin %s trở nên trống rỗng nhưng không bị xóa"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1869
+#: builtin/apply.c:1871
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân sai h�ng tại dòng %d: %.*s"
 
 #. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
-#: builtin/apply.c:1898
+#: builtin/apply.c:1900
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
 msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân không được nhận ra tại dòng %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1984
+#: builtin/apply.c:1986
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
 msgstr "vá chỉ với “garbage� tại dòng %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2074
+#: builtin/apply.c:2076
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c liên kết tượng trưng %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2078
+#: builtin/apply.c:2080
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open or read %s"
-msgstr "không thể mở để đ�c hay ghi %s"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2149
-msgid "oops"
-msgstr "ôi?"
+msgstr "không thể mở hay đ�c %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2671
+#: builtin/apply.c:2688
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
 msgstr "sai khởi đầu dòng: “%c�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2789
+#: builtin/apply.c:2806
 #, c-format
 msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
 msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
 msgstr[0] "Khối dữ liệu #%d thành công tại %d (offset %d dòng)."
 msgstr[1] "Khối dữ liệu #%d thành công tại %d (offset %d dòng)."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2801
+#: builtin/apply.c:2818
 #, c-format
 msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
 msgstr "Nội dung bị giảm xuống (%ld/%ld) để áp dụng mảnh dữ liệu tại %d"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2807
+#: builtin/apply.c:2824
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "while searching for:\n"
@@ -1737,325 +2040,325 @@ msgstr ""
 "Trong khi đang tìm kiếm cho:\n"
 "%.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2826
+#: builtin/apply.c:2843
 #, c-format
 msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
 msgstr "thiếu dữ liệu của miếng vá định dạng nhị phân cho “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2929
+#: builtin/apply.c:2946
 #, c-format
 msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
 msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân không được áp dụng cho “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2935
+#: builtin/apply.c:2952
 #, c-format
 msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
 msgstr ""
 "vá nhị phân cho “%s� tạo ra kết quả không chính xác (mong ch� %s, lại nhận "
 "%s)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2956
+#: builtin/apply.c:2973
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
 msgstr "vá gặp lỗi: %s:%ld"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3078
+#: builtin/apply.c:3095
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot checkout %s"
 msgstr "không thể \"checkout\" %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3123 builtin/apply.c:3132 builtin/apply.c:3176
+#: builtin/apply.c:3140 builtin/apply.c:3149 builtin/apply.c:3193
 #, c-format
 msgid "read of %s failed"
 msgstr "đ�c %s gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3156 builtin/apply.c:3378
+#: builtin/apply.c:3173 builtin/apply.c:3395
 #, c-format
 msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn %s đã bị xóa/đổi tên"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3237 builtin/apply.c:3392
+#: builtin/apply.c:3254 builtin/apply.c:3409
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
 msgstr "%s: không tồn tại trong bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3241 builtin/apply.c:3384 builtin/apply.c:3406
+#: builtin/apply.c:3258 builtin/apply.c:3401 builtin/apply.c:3423
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s"
 msgstr "%s: %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3246 builtin/apply.c:3400
+#: builtin/apply.c:3263 builtin/apply.c:3417
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: does not match index"
 msgstr "%s: không khớp trong mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3348
+#: builtin/apply.c:3365
 msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
 msgstr "loại b� miếng vá để lại nội dung tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3417
+#: builtin/apply.c:3434
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: wrong type"
 msgstr "%s: sai kiểu"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3419
+#: builtin/apply.c:3436
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
 msgstr "%s có kiểu %o, mong ch� %o"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3520
+#: builtin/apply.c:3537
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: already exists in index"
 msgstr "%s: đã có từ trước trong bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3523
+#: builtin/apply.c:3540
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
 msgstr "%s: đã sẵn có trong thư mục đang làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3543
+#: builtin/apply.c:3560
 #, c-format
 msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
 msgstr "chế độ mới (%o) của %s không khớp với chế độ cũ (%o)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#: builtin/apply.c:3565
 #, c-format
 msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
 msgstr "chế độ mới (%o) của %s không khớp với chế độ cũ (%o) của %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3556
+#: builtin/apply.c:3573
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
 msgstr "%s: miếng vá không được áp dụng"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3569
+#: builtin/apply.c:3586
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking patch %s..."
 msgstr "�ang kiểm tra miếng vá %s..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3624 builtin/checkout.c:215 builtin/reset.c:158
+#: builtin/apply.c:3679 builtin/checkout.c:216 builtin/reset.c:124
 #, c-format
 msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
 msgstr "make_cache_entry gặp lỗi đối với đư�ng dẫn “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3767
+#: builtin/apply.c:3822
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
 msgstr "không thể gỡ b� %s từ mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3795
+#: builtin/apply.c:3850
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
 msgstr "miếng vá sai h�ng cho dự án con (subproject) %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3799
+#: builtin/apply.c:3854
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể lấy trạng thái v� tập tin %s mới hơn đã được tạo"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3804
+#: builtin/apply.c:3859
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
 msgstr "không thể tạo “backing store� cho tập tin được tạo mới hơn %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3807 builtin/apply.c:3915
+#: builtin/apply.c:3862 builtin/apply.c:3970
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
 msgstr "không thể thêm mục nhớ tạm cho %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+#: builtin/apply.c:3895
 #, c-format
 msgid "closing file '%s'"
 msgstr "đang đóng tập tin “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#: builtin/apply.c:3944
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
 msgstr "không thể ghi vào tập tin “%s� chế độ (mode) %o"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+#: builtin/apply.c:4031
 #, c-format
 msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
 msgstr "�ã áp dụng miếng và %s một cách sạch sẽ."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3984
+#: builtin/apply.c:4039
 msgid "internal error"
 msgstr "lá»—i ná»™i bá»™"
 
 #. Say this even without --verbose
-#: builtin/apply.c:3987
+#: builtin/apply.c:4042
 #, c-format
 msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
 msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
 msgstr[0] "�ang áp dụng miếng vá %%s với %d lần từ chối..."
 msgstr[1] "�ang áp dụng miếng vá %%s với %d lần từ chối..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3997
+#: builtin/apply.c:4052
 #, c-format
 msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
 msgstr "đang cắt cụt tên tập tin .rej thành %.*s.rej"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+#: builtin/apply.c:4073
 #, c-format
 msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
 msgstr "Khối nhớ #%d được áp dụng g�n gàng."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+#: builtin/apply.c:4076
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
 msgstr "hunk #%d bị từ chối."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4171
+#: builtin/apply.c:4226
 msgid "unrecognized input"
 msgstr "không thừa nhận đầu vào"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4182
+#: builtin/apply.c:4237
 msgid "unable to read index file"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c tập tin lưu bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4301 builtin/apply.c:4304 builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/apply.c:4356 builtin/apply.c:4359 builtin/clone.c:92
 #: builtin/fetch.c:63
 msgid "path"
 msgstr "đư�ng-dẫn"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4302
+#: builtin/apply.c:4357
 msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
 msgstr "không áp dụng các thay đổi khớp với đư�ng dẫn đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4305
+#: builtin/apply.c:4360
 msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
 msgstr "áp dụng các thay đổi khớp với đư�ng dẫn đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4307
+#: builtin/apply.c:4362
 msgid "num"
 msgstr "số"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4308
+#: builtin/apply.c:4363
 msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
 msgstr "gỡ b� <số> phần dẫn đầu (slashe) từ đư�ng dẫn diff cổ điển"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4311
+#: builtin/apply.c:4366
 msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
 msgstr "l� đi phần phụ thêm tạo ra bởi miếng vá"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4313
+#: builtin/apply.c:4368
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
 msgstr ""
 "thay vì áp dụng một miếng vá, kết xuất kết quả từ lệnh diffstat cho đầu ra"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4317
+#: builtin/apply.c:4372
 msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
 msgstr ""
 "hiển thị số lượng các dòng được thêm vào và xóa đi theo ký hiệu thập phân"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4319
+#: builtin/apply.c:4374
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
 msgstr "thay vì áp dụng một miếng vá, kết xuất kết quả cho đầu vào"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4321
+#: builtin/apply.c:4376
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
 msgstr "thay vì áp dụng miếng vá, hãy xem xem miếng vá có thích hợp không"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4323
+#: builtin/apply.c:4378
 msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
 msgstr "hãy chắc chắn là miếng vá thích hợp với bảng mục lục hiện hành"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4325
+#: builtin/apply.c:4380
 msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
 msgstr "áp dụng một miếng vá mà không động chạm đến cây làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4327
+#: builtin/apply.c:4382
 msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
 msgstr ""
 "đồng th�i áp dụng miếng vá (dùng với tùy ch�n --stat/--summary/--check)"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4329
+#: builtin/apply.c:4384
 msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
 msgstr "thử hòa trộn kiểu three-way nếu việc vá không thể thực hiện được"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4331
+#: builtin/apply.c:4386
 msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
 msgstr ""
 "xây dựng bảng mục lục tạm th�i trên cơ sở thông tin bảng mục lục được nhúng"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4333 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/apply.c:4388 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:456
 msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
 msgstr "các đư�ng dẫn bị ngăn cách bởi ký tự NULL"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4336
+#: builtin/apply.c:4391
 msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
 msgstr "đảm bảo rằng có ít nhất <n> dòng nội dung khớp"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4337
+#: builtin/apply.c:4392
 msgid "action"
 msgstr "hành động"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4338
+#: builtin/apply.c:4393
 msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
 msgstr "tìm thấy một dòng mới hoặc bị sửa đổi mà nó có lỗi do khoảng trắng"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4341 builtin/apply.c:4344
+#: builtin/apply.c:4396 builtin/apply.c:4399
 msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
 msgstr "l� đi sự thay đổi do khoảng trắng khi quét nội dung"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4347
+#: builtin/apply.c:4402
 msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
 msgstr "áp dụng miếng vá theo chi�u ngược"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4349
+#: builtin/apply.c:4404
 msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
 msgstr "đừng hy v�ng có ít nhất một dòng nội dung"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4351
+#: builtin/apply.c:4406
 msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
 msgstr "để lại khối dữ liệu bị từ chối trong các tập tin *.rej tương ứng"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4353
+#: builtin/apply.c:4408
 msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
 msgstr "cho phép chồng khối nhớ"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4356
+#: builtin/apply.c:4411
 msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
 msgstr ""
 "đã dò tìm thấy dung sai không chính xác thiếu dòng mới tại cuối tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4359
+#: builtin/apply.c:4414
 msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
 msgstr "không tin số lượng dòng trong phần đầu khối dữ liệu"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4361
+#: builtin/apply.c:4416
 msgid "root"
 msgstr "root"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362
+#: builtin/apply.c:4417
 msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
 msgstr "treo thêm <root> vào tất cả các tên tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
+#: builtin/apply.c:4439
 msgid "--3way outside a repository"
 msgstr "--3way ở ngoài một kho chứa"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
+#: builtin/apply.c:4447
 msgid "--index outside a repository"
 msgstr "--index ở ngoài một kho chứa"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4395
+#: builtin/apply.c:4450
 msgid "--cached outside a repository"
 msgstr "--cached ở ngoài một kho chứa"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4411
+#: builtin/apply.c:4466
 #, c-format
 msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể mở miếng vá “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4425
+#: builtin/apply.c:4480
 #, c-format
 msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
 msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
 msgstr[0] "đã chấm dứt %d lỗi khoảng trắng"
 msgstr[1] "đã chấm dứt %d lỗi khoảng trắng"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4431 builtin/apply.c:4441
+#: builtin/apply.c:4486 builtin/apply.c:4496
 #, c-format
 msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
 msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
@@ -2079,21 +2382,21 @@ msgstr "git archive: Máy chủ không có địa chỉ URL"
 msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
 msgstr "git archive: mong đợi ACK/NAK, nhận EOF"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote error: %s"
 msgstr "lỗi máy chủ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:66
+#: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive: lỗi giao thức"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:71
+#: builtin/archive.c:68
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr "git archive: đã mong ch� một flush"
 
@@ -2115,121 +2418,121 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
 msgstr "git blame [các-tùy-ch�n] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] tập-tin"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30 builtin/shortlog.c:15
+#: builtin/blame.c:30
 msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
 msgstr "[rev-opts] được mô tả trong git-rev-list(1)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2374
+#: builtin/blame.c:2355
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
 msgstr "Hiển thị các mục “blame� như là chúng ta thấy chúng, tăng dần"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2375
+#: builtin/blame.c:2356
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
 msgstr ""
 "Hiển thị SHA-1 trắng cho những lần chuyển giao biên giới (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2376
+#: builtin/blame.c:2357
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Không coi các lần chuyển giao gốc là giới hạn (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2377
+#: builtin/blame.c:2358
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
 msgstr "Hiển thị thống kê công sức làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2378
+#: builtin/blame.c:2359
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
 msgstr "Hiển thị kết xuất điểm số có các mục tin “blame�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2379
+#: builtin/blame.c:2360
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
 msgstr "Hiển thị tên tập tin gốc (Mặc định: auto)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2380
+#: builtin/blame.c:2361
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Hiển thị số dòng gốc (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2381
+#: builtin/blame.c:2362
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
 msgstr "Hiển thị ở định dạng đã thiết kế cho sự tiêu dùng bằng máy"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2382
+#: builtin/blame.c:2363
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
 msgstr "Hiển thị định dạng “porcelain� với thông tin chuyển giao mỗi dòng"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2383
+#: builtin/blame.c:2364
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Dùng cùng chế độ xuất ra vóigit-annotate (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2384
+#: builtin/blame.c:2365
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Hiển thị dấu vết th�i gian dạng thô (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2385
+#: builtin/blame.c:2366
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Hiển thị SHA1 của lần chuyển giao (commit) dạng dài (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2386
+#: builtin/blame.c:2367
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Không hiển thị tên tác giả và dấu vết th�i gian (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2387
+#: builtin/blame.c:2368
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
 msgstr "Hiển thị thư điện tử của tác giả thay vì tên (Mặc định: off)"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2388
+#: builtin/blame.c:2369
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
 msgstr "B� qua các khác biệt do khoảng trắng gây ra"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2389
+#: builtin/blame.c:2370
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
 msgstr "Tiêu thụ thêm năng tài nguyên máy móc để tìm kiếm tốt hơn nữa"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2390
+#: builtin/blame.c:2371
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
 msgstr ""
 "Sử dụng điểm xét duyệt (revision) từ <tập tin> thay vì g�i “git-rev-list�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2391
+#: builtin/blame.c:2372
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
 msgstr "Sử dụng nội dung của <tập tin> như là ảnh cuối cùng"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2392 builtin/blame.c:2393
+#: builtin/blame.c:2373 builtin/blame.c:2374
 msgid "score"
 msgstr "điểm số"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2392
+#: builtin/blame.c:2373
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
 msgstr "Tìm các bản sao chép dòng trong và ngang qua tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2393
+#: builtin/blame.c:2374
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
 msgstr "Tìm các di chuyển dòng trong và ngang qua tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
 msgid "n,m"
 msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
 msgstr "Xử lý chỉ dòng vùng n,m, tính từ 1"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:23
+#: builtin/branch.c:24
 msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-ch�n] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
+#: builtin/branch.c:25
 msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
 msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-ch�n] [-l] [-f] <tên-nhánh> [<điểm-đầu>]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
 msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
 msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-ch�n] [-r] (-d | -D) <tên-nhánh> ..."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
 msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
 msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-ch�n] (-m | -M) [<nhánh-cũ>] <nhánh-mới>"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:145
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
@@ -2238,7 +2541,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "đang xóa nhánh “%s� mà nó lại đã được hòa trộn vào\n"
 "         “%s�, nhưng vẫn chưa được hòa trộn vào HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:149
+#: builtin/branch.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
@@ -2247,12 +2550,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "không xóa nhánh “%s� cái mà chưa được hòa trộn vào\n"
 "         “%s�, cho dù là nó đã được hòa trộn vào HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:163
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
 #, c-format
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể tìm kiếm đối tượng chuyển giao (commit) cho “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:167
+#: builtin/branch.c:172
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
@@ -2261,252 +2564,333 @@ msgstr ""
 "Nhánh “%s� không được trộn một cách đầy đủ.\n"
 "Nếu bạn thực sự muốn xóa nó, thì chạy lệnh “git branch -D %s�."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:180
+#: builtin/branch.c:185
 msgid "Update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Cập nhật tập tin cấu hình gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:208
+#: builtin/branch.c:213
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "không thể dùng tùy ch�n -a với -d"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:214
+#: builtin/branch.c:219
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "Không thể tìm kiếm đối tượng chuyển giao (commit) cho HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:222
+#: builtin/branch.c:227
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
 msgstr "Không thể xóa nhánh “%s� cái mà bạn hiện nay đang ở."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:235
+#: builtin/branch.c:240
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "không tìm thấy nhánh máy chủ “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:236
+#: builtin/branch.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "không tìm thấy nhánh “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:250
+#: builtin/branch.c:255
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đang xóa nhánh máy chủ “%s�"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đang xóa nhánh trên máy chủ “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:251
+#: builtin/branch.c:256
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr "Lỗi khi xoá b� nhánh “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:258
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
-msgstr "Nhánh máy chủ \"%s\" đã bị xóa (từng là %s).\n"
+msgstr "Nhánh trên máy chủ \"%s\" đã bị xóa (từng là %s).\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:259
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "Nhánh “%s� đã bị xóa (từng là %s)\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:361
+#: builtin/branch.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
 msgstr "nhánh “%s� không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao (commit) nào cả"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:433
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
 msgstr "[%s: đằng sau %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:435
+#: builtin/branch.c:455
 #, c-format
 msgid "[behind %d]"
 msgstr "[đằng sau %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:439
+#: builtin/branch.c:459
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
 msgstr "[%s: phía trước %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:441
+#: builtin/branch.c:461
 #, c-format
 msgid "[ahead %d]"
 msgstr "[phía trước %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:444
+#: builtin/branch.c:464
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
 msgstr "[%s: trÆ°á»›c %d, sau %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:447
+#: builtin/branch.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
 msgstr "[trÆ°á»›c %d, sau %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:560
+#: builtin/branch.c:490
+msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
+msgstr " **** tham chiếu sai ****"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:582
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "(không nhánh, đang rebase %s)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:585
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "(không nhánh, bisect được bắt đầu tại %s)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "(detached from %s)"
+msgstr "(được tách r�i từ %s)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "(no branch)"
 msgstr "(không nhánh)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:625
+#: builtin/branch.c:637
+#, c-format
+msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "đối tượng “%s� không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao (commit) nào cả"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:669
 msgid "some refs could not be read"
 msgstr "một số tham chiếu đã không thể đ�c được"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:638
+#: builtin/branch.c:682
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr "không thể đổi tên nhánh hiện hành trong khi nó chẳng ở đâu cả."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:648
+#: builtin/branch.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr "Sai tên nhánh: “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:663
+#: builtin/branch.c:707
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "�ổi tên nhánh gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:667
+#: builtin/branch.c:711
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
 msgstr "�ã đổi tên nhánh khuyết danh “%s� đi"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:671
+#: builtin/branch.c:715
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "Nhánh bị đổi tên thành %s, nhưng HEAD lại không được cập nhật!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:678
+#: builtin/branch.c:722
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "Nhánh bị đổi tên, nhưng cập nhật tập tin cấu hình gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:693
+#: builtin/branch.c:737
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed object name %s"
 msgstr "tên đối tượng dị hình %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:717
+#: builtin/branch.c:761
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
 msgstr "không thể ghi vào mẫu mô tả nhánh: %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:747
+#: builtin/branch.c:791
 msgid "Generic options"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n chung"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:749
+#: builtin/branch.c:793
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
 msgstr "hiển thị mã băm và chủ đ�, đưa ra hai lần cho nhánh thượng nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:750
+#: builtin/branch.c:794
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
 msgstr "Thu hồi các thông điệp thông tin"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:751
+#: builtin/branch.c:795
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
 msgstr "cài đặt chế độ theo vết (xem git-pull(1))"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:753
+#: builtin/branch.c:797
 msgid "change upstream info"
 msgstr "thay đổi thông tin thượng nguồn (upstream)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:757
+#: builtin/branch.c:801
 msgid "use colored output"
 msgstr "sử dụng kết xuất có tô màu"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:758
+#: builtin/branch.c:802
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "thao tác trên nhánh “remote-tracking�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:761 builtin/branch.c:767 builtin/branch.c:788
-#: builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/commit.c:1377
-#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/tag.c:470
+#: builtin/branch.c:805 builtin/branch.c:811 builtin/branch.c:832
+#: builtin/branch.c:838 builtin/commit.c:1368 builtin/commit.c:1369
+#: builtin/commit.c:1370 builtin/commit.c:1371 builtin/tag.c:468
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "commit"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:762 builtin/branch.c:768
+#: builtin/branch.c:806 builtin/branch.c:812
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những nhánh mà nó chứa lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:774
+#: builtin/branch.c:818
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
 msgstr "Hành động git-branch:"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:775
+#: builtin/branch.c:819
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "liệt kê cả nhánh “remote-tracking� và nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:777
+#: builtin/branch.c:821
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
 msgstr "xóa một cách đầy đủ nhánh đã hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:778
+#: builtin/branch.c:822
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
 msgstr "xoá nhánh (cho dù là chưa được hòa trộn)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:779
+#: builtin/branch.c:823
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
 msgstr "di chuyển hay đổi tên một nhánh và reflog của nó"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:780
+#: builtin/branch.c:824
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
 msgstr "di chuyển hoặc đổi tên một nhánh, thậm chí cả khi đích đã có sẵn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:781
+#: builtin/branch.c:825
 msgid "list branch names"
 msgstr "liệt kê các tên nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:782
+#: builtin/branch.c:826
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
 msgstr "tạo reflog của nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:784
+#: builtin/branch.c:828
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
 msgstr "sửa mô tả cho nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:785
+#: builtin/branch.c:829
 msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
 msgstr "ép buộc tạo (khi đã sẵn tồn tại rồi)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:788
+#: builtin/branch.c:832
 msgid "print only not merged branches"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các nhánh chưa được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:794
+#: builtin/branch.c:838
 msgid "print only merged branches"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các nhánh được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:798
+#: builtin/branch.c:842
 msgid "list branches in columns"
 msgstr "liệt kê các nhánh trong các cột"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:811
+#: builtin/branch.c:855
 msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi giải quyết HEAD như là một tham chiếu (ref) hợp lệ."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân giải HEAD như là một tham chiếu (ref) hợp lệ."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:816 builtin/clone.c:561
+#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/clone.c:619
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "không tìm thấy HEAD ở dưới refs/heads!"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:836
+#: builtin/branch.c:883
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column và --verbose xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:887
+#: builtin/branch.c:889 builtin/branch.c:928
+msgid "branch name required"
+msgstr "cần tên nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:904
+msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
+msgstr "Không thể đưa ra mô tả HEAD đã tách r�i"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:909
+msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
+msgstr "không thể sửa mô tả cho nhi�u hơn một nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
+msgstr "Vẫn chưa chuyển giao trên nhánh “%s�."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:919
+#, c-format
+msgid "No branch named '%s'."
+msgstr "Không có nhánh nào có tên “%s�."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:934
+msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
+msgstr "quá nhi�u nhánh dành cho thao tác đổi tên"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:939
+msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
+msgstr "quá nhi�u nhánh được đặt cho dòng ngược (upstream) mới"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"không thể đặt dòng ngược (upstream) của HEAD thành %s khi mà nó chẳng chỉ "
+"đến nhánh nào cả."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:946 builtin/branch.c:968 builtin/branch.c:990
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch '%s'"
+msgstr "không có nhánh nào như thế “%s�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:950
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "nhánh “%s� chưa sẵn có"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:899
+#: builtin/branch.c:962
+msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
+msgstr "quá nhi�u nhánh để b� đặt ngược dòng (upstream)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:966
+msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr ""
+"không thể b� đặt ngược dòng (upstream) của HEAD không chỉ đến một nhánh nào "
+"cả."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
 msgstr "Nhánh “%s� không có thông tin thượng nguồn (upstream)"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:914
+#: builtin/branch.c:987
+msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+msgstr "không hợp lý khi tạo “HEAD� thủ công "
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:993
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr ""
 "hai tùy ch�n -a và -r áp dụng cho lệnh “git branch� không hợp lý đối với tên "
 "nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:917
+#: builtin/branch.c:996
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
@@ -2515,7 +2899,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "C� --set-upstream bị phản đối và sẽ bị xóa b�. Nên dùng --track hoặc --set-"
 "upstream-to\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#: builtin/branch.c:1013
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -2526,12 +2910,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Nếu bạn muốn “%s� theo dõi “%s�, thực hiện lệnh sau:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:935
+#: builtin/branch.c:1014
 #, c-format
 msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
 msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:936
+#: builtin/branch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
 msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
@@ -2549,44 +2933,44 @@ msgstr "Cần một kho chứa để mà tạo một bundle."
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr "Cần một kho chứa để mà bung một bundle."
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:247
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:176
 msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
 msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<kiểu>|--textconv) <đối tượng>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:248
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:177
 msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
 msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <danh-sách-đối-tượng>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:266
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:195
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 msgstr "<kiểu> là một trong số: blob, tree, commit, tag"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:267
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:196
 msgid "show object type"
 msgstr "hiển thị kiểu đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:268
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:197
 msgid "show object size"
 msgstr "hiển thị kích thước đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:270
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:199
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
 msgstr "thoát với 0 khi không có lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:271
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:200
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
 msgstr "in nội dung đối tượng dạng dễ đ�c"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:273
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:202
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
 msgstr "với đối tượng blob, chạy lệnh textconv trên nội dung của đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:275
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:204
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr ""
 "hiển thị thông tin và nội dung của các đối tượng lấy từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:278
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:207
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
 msgstr "hiển thị các thông tin v� đối tượng fed  từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
@@ -2607,14 +2991,38 @@ msgstr "báo cáo tất cả các thuộc tính đặt trên tập tin"
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
 msgstr "chỉ sử dụng .gitattributes từ bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/hash-object.c:75
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:75
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
 msgstr "đ�c tên tập tin từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
 msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
 msgstr "các đư�ng dẫn được  ngăn cách bởi ký tự null"
 
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1044 builtin/gc.c:177
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "chặn các báo cáo tiến trình hoạt động"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:146
+msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+msgstr "không thể chỉ định các tên đư�ng dẫn với --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:149
+msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
+msgstr "-z chỉ hợp lý với --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:151
+msgid "no path specified"
+msgstr "chưa ghi rõ đư�ng dẫn"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:155
+msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+msgstr "--quiet chỉ hợp lệ với tên đư�ng dẫn đơn"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
+msgstr "không thể dùng cả hai tùy ch�n --quiet và --verbose"
+
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
 msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
 msgstr "git checkout-index [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] [<tập-tin>...]"
@@ -2668,107 +3076,107 @@ msgstr "git checkout [các-tùy-ch�n] <nhánh>"
 msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
 msgstr "git checkout [các-tùy-ch�n] [<nhánh>] -- <tập-tin>..."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#: builtin/checkout.c:117 builtin/checkout.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không có các phiên bản của chúng ta"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:118 builtin/checkout.c:151
+#: builtin/checkout.c:119 builtin/checkout.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không có các phiên bản của chúng"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134
+#: builtin/checkout.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không có tất cả các phiên bản cần thiết"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:178
+#: builtin/checkout.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không có các phiên bản cần thiết"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout.c:196
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s�: không thể hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:213
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể thêm kết quả hòa trộn cho “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/checkout.c:239 builtin/checkout.c:242
-#: builtin/checkout.c:245
+#: builtin/checkout.c:237 builtin/checkout.c:240 builtin/checkout.c:243
+#: builtin/checkout.c:246
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
 msgstr "“%s� không thể được sử dụng với các đư�ng dẫn cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:248 builtin/checkout.c:251
+#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
 msgstr "“%s� không thể được sử dụng với %s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:254
+#: builtin/checkout.c:255
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
 msgstr ""
 "Không thể cập nhật các đư�ng dẫn và chuyển đến nhánh “%s� cùng một lúc."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:426
+#: builtin/checkout.c:266 builtin/checkout.c:458
 msgid "corrupt index file"
 msgstr "tập tin ghi bảng mục lục bị h�ng"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:302
+#: builtin/checkout.c:329 builtin/checkout.c:336
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn “%s� không được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:448
+#: builtin/checkout.c:480
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
-msgstr "bạn cần phải giải quyết bảng mục lục hiện tại của bạn trước đã!"
+msgstr "bạn cần phải phân giải bảng mục lục hiện tại của bạn trước đã"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:569
+#: builtin/checkout.c:601
 #, c-format
 msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
 msgstr "Không thể thực hiện reflog cho “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:602
+#: builtin/checkout.c:634
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "HEAD hiện gi� tại"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:609
+#: builtin/checkout.c:641
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ặt lại nhánh “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:612
+#: builtin/checkout.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ã sẵn sàng trên “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:616
+#: builtin/checkout.c:648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ã chuyển tới và reset nhánh “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:618 builtin/checkout.c:955
+#: builtin/checkout.c:650 builtin/checkout.c:987
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ã chuyển đến nhánh mới “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:620
+#: builtin/checkout.c:652
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�ã chuyển đến nhánh “%s�\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:676
+#: builtin/checkout.c:708
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr " ... và nhi�u hơn %d.\n"
 
 #. The singular version
-#: builtin/checkout.c:682
+#: builtin/checkout.c:714
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -2793,7 +3201,7 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:700
+#: builtin/checkout.c:732
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
@@ -2809,138 +3217,138 @@ msgstr ""
 " git branch tên_nhánh_mới %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:730
+#: builtin/checkout.c:762
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "lỗi nội bộ trong khi di chuyển qua các điểm xét lại"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:734
+#: builtin/checkout.c:766
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "Vị trí kế trước của HEAD là"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:761 builtin/checkout.c:950
+#: builtin/checkout.c:793 builtin/checkout.c:982
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "Bạn tại nhánh mà nó chưa h� được sinh ra"
 
 #. case (1)
-#: builtin/checkout.c:886
+#: builtin/checkout.c:918
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "tham chiếu sai: %s"
 
 #. case (1): want a tree
-#: builtin/checkout.c:925
+#: builtin/checkout.c:957
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "tham chiếu không phải là một cây (tree):%s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:964
+#: builtin/checkout.c:996
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "các đư�ng dẫn không thể dùng cùng với các nhánh chuyển"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:967 builtin/checkout.c:971
+#: builtin/checkout.c:999 builtin/checkout.c:1003
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
 msgstr "“%s� không thể được sử dụng với các nhánh chuyển"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:975 builtin/checkout.c:978 builtin/checkout.c:983
-#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1007 builtin/checkout.c:1010 builtin/checkout.c:1015
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
 msgstr "“%s� không thể được sử dụng với “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1023
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể chuyển nhánh đến một non-commit “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1012 builtin/gc.c:177
-msgid "suppress progress reporting"
-msgstr "chặn các báo cáo tiến trình hoạt động"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1013 builtin/checkout.c:1015 builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1045 builtin/checkout.c:1047 builtin/clone.c:90
 #: builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/remote.c:171
 msgid "branch"
 msgstr "nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1014
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1046
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
 msgstr "tạo và checkout một nhánh mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1048
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
 msgstr "create/reset và checkout một nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1017
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1049
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
 msgstr "tạo reflog cho nhánh mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1050
 msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
 msgstr "r�i b� HEAD tại lần chuyển giao danh nghĩa"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1051
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
 msgstr "đặt thông tin thượng nguồn (upstream) cho nhánh mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
 msgid "new branch"
 msgstr "nhánh mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
 msgid "new unparented branch"
 msgstr "nhánh mồ côi mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1022
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1054
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
 msgstr ""
 "lấy ra (checkout) phiên bản của chúng ta cho các tập tin chưa được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1024
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1056
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
 msgstr ""
 "lấy ra (checkout) phiên bản của chúng h� cho các tập tin chưa được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1026
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
 msgstr "ép buộc lấy ra (checkout) (b� đi những thay đổi nội bộ)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1027
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
 msgstr "thực hiện hòa trộn kiểu 3-way với nhánh mới"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1028 builtin/merge.c:215
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1060 builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
 msgstr "cập nhật các tập tin bị b� qua (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1029 builtin/log.c:1116 parse-options.h:241
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1061 builtin/log.c:1158 parse-options.h:245
 msgid "style"
 msgstr "kiểu"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1030
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1062
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
 msgstr "xung đột kiểu (hòa trộn hay diff3)"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1033
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1065
+msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
+msgstr "không giới hạn pathspecs chỉ thành các mục thưa thớt"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1067
 msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
 msgstr "gợi ý thứ hai “git checkout không-nhánh-nào-như-vậy�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1057
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1091
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n -b|-B và --orphan loại từ lẫn nhau"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1074
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1108
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr "--track cần tên một nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr "Thiếu tên nhánh; hãy thử -b"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1150
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đã cho không hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1157
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
@@ -2950,12 +3358,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Bạn đã có ý định checkout “%s� cái mà không thể được phân giải như là lần "
 "chuyển giao (commit)?"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1162
 #, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
 msgstr "git checkout: --detach không nhận một đối số đư�ng dẫn “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1166
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
@@ -2963,51 +3371,76 @@ msgstr ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force và --merge là xung khắc với nhau khi\n"
 "checkout bảng mục lục (index)."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:19
+#: builtin/clean.c:20
 msgid "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
 msgstr "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <mẫu>] [-x | -X] [--] <đư�ng-dẫn>..."
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:51
+#: builtin/clean.c:24
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "�ang gỡ b� %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:25
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Có thể gỡ b� %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:26
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
+msgstr "�ang b� qua kho chứa %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:27
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
+msgstr "Nên b� qua kho chứa %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:28
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi gỡ b� %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:160
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
 msgstr "không hiển thị tên của các tập tin đã gỡ b�"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:53
+#: builtin/clean.c:162
 msgid "force"
 msgstr "ép buộc"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:55
+#: builtin/clean.c:164
 msgid "remove whole directories"
 msgstr "gỡ b� toàn bộ thư mục"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:56 builtin/describe.c:413 builtin/grep.c:717
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:491 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
+#: builtin/clean.c:165 builtin/describe.c:412 builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:487 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
 msgid "pattern"
 msgstr "mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:57
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
 msgstr "thêm <mẫu> vào trong qui tắc b� qua"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:58
+#: builtin/clean.c:167
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
 msgstr "đồng th�i gỡ b� cả các tập tin bị b� qua"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:60
+#: builtin/clean.c:169
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
 msgstr "chỉ gỡ b� những tập tin bị b� qua"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:78
+#: builtin/clean.c:187
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr "-x và -X không thể dùng cùng một lúc với nhau"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:82
+#: builtin/clean.c:191
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
 msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce được đặt thành true và không đưa ra tùy ch�n  -n mà cũng "
 "không -f; từ chối lệnh d�n dẹp (clean)"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:85
+#: builtin/clean.c:194
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
@@ -3015,236 +3448,233 @@ msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce mặc định được đặt thành true và không đưa ra tùy ch�n  -n "
 "mà cũng không -f; từ chối lệnh d�n dẹp (clean)"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
-#, c-format
-msgid "Would remove %s\n"
-msgstr "Có thể gỡ b� %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
-#, c-format
-msgid "Removing %s\n"
-msgstr "�ang gỡ b� %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to remove %s"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi gỡ b� %s"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:166
-#, c-format
-msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
-msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:168
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not removing %s\n"
-msgstr "Không xóa %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:36
+#: builtin/clone.c:37
 msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
 msgstr "git clone [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] <kho> [<t.mục>]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:64 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:212
-#: builtin/push.c:399
+#: builtin/clone.c:65 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/push.c:436
 msgid "force progress reporting"
 msgstr "ép buộc báo cáo tiến trình"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:66
+#: builtin/clone.c:67
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
 msgstr "không tạo một checkout"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:67 builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/init-db.c:488
+#: builtin/clone.c:68 builtin/clone.c:70 builtin/init-db.c:488
 msgid "create a bare repository"
 msgstr "tạo kho chứa bare"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:72
+#: builtin/clone.c:73
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
 msgstr "tạo kho bản sao (mirror) (ngụ ý là bare)"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:74
+#: builtin/clone.c:75
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
 msgstr "để nhân bản từ kho nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:76
+#: builtin/clone.c:77
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
 msgstr "không sử dụng liên kết cứng nội bộ, luôn sao chép"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:78
+#: builtin/clone.c:79
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
 msgstr "cài đặt đây là kho chia sẻ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
 msgstr "khởi tạo mô-đun-con trong bản sao"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "template-directory"
 msgstr "thư-mục-tạm"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
 msgstr "thư mục mà tại đó các mẫu sẽ được dùng"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:86
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "reference repository"
 msgstr "kho tham chiếu"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
 msgid "name"
 msgstr "tên"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88
+#: builtin/clone.c:89
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
 msgstr "dùng <tên> thay vì “origin� để theo dõi thượng nguồn (uptream)"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:90
+#: builtin/clone.c:91
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
 msgstr "lấy ra nhánh (checkout <nhánh>) thay vì HEAD của máy chủ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:92
+#: builtin/clone.c:93
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đến git-upload-pack trên máy chủ"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
+#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
 msgid "depth"
 msgstr "độ sâu"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94
+#: builtin/clone.c:95
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
 msgstr "tạo bản sao không đầy đủ cho mức sâu đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:96
+#: builtin/clone.c:97
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
 msgstr "nhân bản (clone) chỉ một nhánh, HEAD hoặc --branch"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:494
 msgid "gitdir"
 msgstr "gitdir"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+#: builtin/clone.c:99 builtin/init-db.c:495
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
 msgstr "không dùng chung thư mục dành riêng cho git và thư mục làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
 msgid "key=value"
 msgstr "khóa=giá trị"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100
+#: builtin/clone.c:101
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
 msgstr "đặt cấu hình bên trong một kho chứa mới"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#: builtin/clone.c:254
 #, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
-msgstr "kho tham chiếu “%s� không phải là một thư mục nội bộ."
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "kho tham chiếu “%s� không phải là một kho nội bộ."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#: builtin/clone.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "tạo thư mục \"%s\" gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:319 builtin/diff.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi stat (lấy trạng thái v�) “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#: builtin/clone.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr "%s tồn tại nhưng không phải là một thư mục"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#: builtin/clone.c:335
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr "lỗi stat (lấy trạng thái v�) %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#: builtin/clone.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tạo được liên kết m�m %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#: builtin/clone.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi chép tập tin tới “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#: builtin/clone.c:384
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "hoàn tất.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:443
+#: builtin/clone.c:397
+msgid ""
+"Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
+"You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
+"and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Việc nhân bản thành công, nhưng checkout gặp lỗi.\n"
+"Bạn kiểm tra kỹ xem cái gì được lấy ra bằng lệnh “git status�\n"
+"và thử checkout với lệnh “git checkout -f HEAD�\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:476
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr "Không tìm thấy nhánh máy chủ %s để nhân bản (clone)."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:552
+#: builtin/clone.c:550
+msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
+msgstr "máy chủ đã không gửi tất cả các đối tượng cần thiết"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:610
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr "refers HEAD máy chủ  chỉ đến ref không tồn tại, không thể checkout.\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:690
+#: builtin/clone.c:641
+msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
+msgstr "không thể lấy ra (checkout) cây làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:749
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "Có quá nhi�u đối số."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:694
+#: builtin/clone.c:753
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr "Bạn phải chỉ định một kho để mà nhân bản (clone)."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:705
+#: builtin/clone.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr "tùy ch�n --bare và --origin %s xung khắc nhau."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:719
+#: builtin/clone.c:767
+msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
+msgstr "tùy ch�n --bare và --separate-git-dir xung khắc nhau."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:780
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "kho chứa “%s� chưa tồn tại"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:724
+#: builtin/clone.c:785
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr "--depth bị l� đi khi nhân bản nội bộ; hãy sử dụng file:// để thay thế."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:734
+#: builtin/clone.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr "đư�ng dẫn đích “%s� đã có từ trước và không phải là một thư mục rỗng."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:744
+#: builtin/clone.c:805
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "cây làm việc “%s� đã sẵn tồn tại rồi."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:757 builtin/clone.c:771
+#: builtin/clone.c:818 builtin/clone.c:830
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể tạo các thư mục dẫn đầu của “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:760
+#: builtin/clone.c:821
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
 msgstr "không thể tạo cây thư mục làm việc dir “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:779
+#: builtin/clone.c:840
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "�ang nhân bản thành kho chứa bare “%s�...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:781
+#: builtin/clone.c:842
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "�ang nhân bản thành “%s�...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:823
+#: builtin/clone.c:877
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
 msgstr "Không biết làm cách nào để nhân bản (clone) %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#: builtin/clone.c:926
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "Nhánh máy chủ %s không tìm thấy trong thượng nguồn (upstream) %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:879
+#: builtin/clone.c:933
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr "Bạn hình như là đã nhân bản một kho trống rỗng."
 
@@ -3281,12 +3711,12 @@ msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr "--command phải là đối số đầu tiên"
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:34
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git commit [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] <mẫu-tập-tin>..."
+msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] <pathspec>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:39
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git status [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] <mẫu-tập-tin>..."
+msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [các-tùy-ch�n] [--] <pathspec>..."
 
 #: builtin/commit.c:44
 msgid ""
@@ -3346,97 +3776,97 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Nếu không, hãy thử dùng “git reset�\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:258
+#: builtin/commit.c:260
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tháo dỡ HEAD đối tượng cây"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:300
+#: builtin/commit.c:302
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr "không thể tạo bảng mục lục tạm th�i"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:306
+#: builtin/commit.c:308
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "việc thêm tương tác gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:339 builtin/commit.c:360 builtin/commit.c:410
+#: builtin/commit.c:341 builtin/commit.c:362 builtin/commit.c:412
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới (new_index)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:391
+#: builtin/commit.c:393
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr ""
 "không thể thực hiện việc chuyển giao (commit) cục bộ trong khi đang được hòa "
 "trá»™n."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:393
+#: builtin/commit.c:395
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr ""
 "không thể thực hiện việc chuyển giao (commit) bộ phận trong khi đang cherry-"
 "pick."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:403
+#: builtin/commit.c:405
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr "không đ�c được bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:423
+#: builtin/commit.c:425
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục tạm th�i"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:511 builtin/commit.c:517
+#: builtin/commit.c:513 builtin/commit.c:519
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid commit: %s"
 msgstr "lần chuyển giao (commit) không hợp lệ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:540
+#: builtin/commit.c:542
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr "đối số --author bị dị hình"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:560
+#: builtin/commit.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
 msgstr "Chuỗi thụt l� đầu dòng dị hình: “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:598 builtin/commit.c:631 builtin/commit.c:954
+#: builtin/commit.c:600 builtin/commit.c:633 builtin/commit.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "không thể tìm kiếm commit (lần chuyển giao) %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:610 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#: builtin/commit.c:612 builtin/shortlog.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr "(đang đ�c thông điệp nhật ký từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn)\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:612
+#: builtin/commit.c:614
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c nhật ký từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:616
+#: builtin/commit.c:618
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr "không đ�c được tệp nhật ký “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:622
+#: builtin/commit.c:624
 msgid "commit has empty message"
 msgstr "lần chuyển giao (commit) có ghi chú trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:638
+#: builtin/commit.c:640
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c MERGE_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:642
+#: builtin/commit.c:644
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:646
+#: builtin/commit.c:648
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể đ�c “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:707
+#: builtin/commit.c:709
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "không thể ghi mẫu commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:718
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -3451,7 +3881,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "và thử lại.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:723
+#: builtin/commit.c:725
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -3466,169 +3896,171 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "và thử lại.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:735
+#: builtin/commit.c:737
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+"with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Hãy nhập vào các thông tin để giải thích các thay đổi của bạn. Những dòng "
 "được\n"
-"bắt đầu bằng “#� sẽ được b� qua, phần chú thích này nếu rỗng sẽ làm hủy b� "
-"lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
+"bắt đầu bằng “%c� sẽ được b� qua, nếu phần chú thích rỗng sẽ hủy b� lần "
+"chuyển giao (commit).\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:740
+#: builtin/commit.c:742
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
 "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Hãy nhập vào các thông tin để giải thích các thay đổi của bạn.Những dòng "
+"Hãy nhập vào các thông tin để giải thích các thay đổi của bạn. Những dòng "
 "được\n"
-"bắt đầu bằng “#� sẽ được b� qua; bạn có thể xóa chúng đi nếu muốn.\n"
-"Phần chú thích này nếu rỗng sẽ làm hủy b� lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
+"bắt đầu bằng “%c� sẽ được b� qua; bạn có thể xóa chúng đi nếu muốn thế.\n"
+"Phần chú thích này nếu trống rỗng sẽ hủy b� lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:753
+#: builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
 msgstr "%sTác giả:    %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:760
+#: builtin/commit.c:762
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
 msgstr "%sNgư�i chuyển giao (commit): %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:780
+#: builtin/commit.c:782
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr "không đ�c được bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:817
+#: builtin/commit.c:819
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi xây dựng cây"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:832 builtin/tag.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:834 builtin/tag.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
 msgstr "Xin hãy áp dụng thông điệp sử dụng hoặc là tùy ch�n -m hoặc là -F.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:929
+#: builtin/commit.c:931
 #, c-format
 msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
 msgstr "Không tìm thấy tác giả có sẵn với “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:944 builtin/commit.c:1148
+#: builtin/commit.c:946 builtin/commit.c:1140
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr "Chế độ cho các tập tin không bị theo vết không hợp lệ “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:984
+#: builtin/commit.c:976
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr "Sử dụng cả hai tùy ch�n --reset-author và --author không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:995
+#: builtin/commit.c:987
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr "Không có gì để amend (tu bổ) cả."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:998
+#: builtin/commit.c:990
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr ""
 "Bạn đang ở giữa của quá trình hòa trộn -- không thể thực hiện amend (tu bổ)."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1000
+#: builtin/commit.c:992
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr ""
 "Bạn đang ở giữa của quá trình cherry-pick -- không thể thực hiện amend (tu "
 "bổ)."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1003
+#: builtin/commit.c:995
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr "Các tùy ch�n --squash và --fixup không thể sử dụng cùng với nhau"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1013
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr "Chỉ một tùy ch�n trong số -c/-C/-F/--fixup được sử dụng"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1015
+#: builtin/commit.c:1007
 msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n -m không thể được tổ hợp cùng với -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1023
+#: builtin/commit.c:1015
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr ""
 "--reset-author chỉ có thể được sử dụng với tùy ch�n -C, -c hay --amend."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1040
+#: builtin/commit.c:1032
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr ""
 "Chỉ một trong các tùy ch�n --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch được "
 "sử dụng."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1042
+#: builtin/commit.c:1034
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr "Không đư�ng dẫn với các tùy ch�n --include/--only không hợp lý."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1044
+#: builtin/commit.c:1036
 msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
 msgstr "Gi�i...  tu bổ cái cuối với bảng mục lục phi nghĩa."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1046
+#: builtin/commit.c:1038
 msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
 msgstr ""
 "Những đư�ng dẫn rõ ràng được chỉ ra không có tùy ch�n -i cũng không -o; đang "
 "giả định --only những-đư�ng-dẫn..."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1056 builtin/tag.c:577
+#: builtin/commit.c:1048 builtin/tag.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "Chế độ d�n dẹp không hợp lệ %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1061
+#: builtin/commit.c:1053
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr "Các đư�ng dẫn với tùy ch�n -a không hợp lý."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1067 builtin/commit.c:1202
+#: builtin/commit.c:1059 builtin/commit.c:1194
 msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
 msgstr "hai tùy ch�n -long và -z không tương thích với nhau"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1162 builtin/commit.c:1398
+#: builtin/commit.c:1154 builtin/commit.c:1390
 msgid "show status concisely"
 msgstr "hiển thị trạng thái ở dạng súc tích"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1400
+#: builtin/commit.c:1156 builtin/commit.c:1392
 msgid "show branch information"
 msgstr "hiển thị thông tin nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/push.c:389
+#: builtin/commit.c:1158 builtin/commit.c:1394 builtin/push.c:426
 msgid "machine-readable output"
 msgstr "kết xuất dạng máy-có-thể-đ�c"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1169 builtin/commit.c:1404
+#: builtin/commit.c:1161 builtin/commit.c:1396
 msgid "show status in long format (default)"
 msgstr "hiển thị trạng thái ở định dạng dài (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1172 builtin/commit.c:1407
+#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1399
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
 msgstr "chấm dứt các mục bằng NUL"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1174 builtin/commit.c:1410 builtin/fast-export.c:636
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:639 builtin/tag.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/fast-export.c:659
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:662 builtin/tag.c:459
 msgid "mode"
 msgstr "chế độ"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1175 builtin/commit.c:1410
+#: builtin/commit.c:1167 builtin/commit.c:1402
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
 "hiển thị các tập tin chưa được theo dõi  dấu vết, các chế độ tùy ch�n:  all, "
 "normal, no. (Mặc định: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1170
 msgid "show ignored files"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin ẩn"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1179 parse-options.h:151
+#: builtin/commit.c:1171 parse-options.h:151
 msgid "when"
 msgstr "khi"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1180
+#: builtin/commit.c:1172
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
@@ -3636,223 +4068,223 @@ msgstr ""
 "b� qua các thay đổi trong mô-đun con, tùy ch�n khi: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Mặc định: all)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1182
+#: builtin/commit.c:1174
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
 msgstr "hiển thị danh sách các tập-tin chưa được theo dõi trong các cột"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1256
+#: builtin/commit.c:1248
 msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
 msgstr "không thể tìm thấy lần chuyển giao (commit) mới hơn đã được tạo"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1258
+#: builtin/commit.c:1250
 msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
 msgstr ""
 "không thể phân tích cú pháp của đối tượng chuyển giao mới hơn đã được tạo"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1299
+#: builtin/commit.c:1291
 msgid "detached HEAD"
 msgstr "đã r�i kh�i HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1301
+#: builtin/commit.c:1293
 msgid " (root-commit)"
 msgstr " (root-commit)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1368
+#: builtin/commit.c:1360
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
 msgstr "không hiển thị tổng kết sau khi chuyển giao thành công"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1369
+#: builtin/commit.c:1361
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
 msgstr "hiển thị sự khác biệt trong mẫu tin nhắn chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1371
+#: builtin/commit.c:1363
 msgid "Commit message options"
 msgstr "Các tùy ch�n ghi chú commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1372 builtin/tag.c:459
+#: builtin/commit.c:1364 builtin/tag.c:457
 msgid "read message from file"
 msgstr "đ�c chú thích từ tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365
 msgid "author"
 msgstr "tác giả"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365
 msgid "override author for commit"
 msgstr "ghi đè tác giả cho commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1374 builtin/gc.c:178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1366 builtin/gc.c:178
 msgid "date"
 msgstr "ngày tháng"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1374
+#: builtin/commit.c:1366
 msgid "override date for commit"
 msgstr "ghi đè ngày tháng cho commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1375 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/notes.c:537
-#: builtin/notes.c:694 builtin/tag.c:457
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367 builtin/merge.c:208 builtin/notes.c:533
+#: builtin/notes.c:690 builtin/tag.c:455
 msgid "message"
 msgstr "thông điệp"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1375
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367
 msgid "commit message"
 msgstr "chú thích của lần commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1376
+#: builtin/commit.c:1368
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "dùng lại các ghi chú từ lần chuyển giao (commit) đã cho nhưng có cho sửa chữa"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1377
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
 msgstr "dùng lại các ghi chú từ lần chuyển giao (commit) đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1378
+#: builtin/commit.c:1370
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "dùng ghi chú có định dạng autosquash để sửa chữa lần chuyển giao đã chỉ ra"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1379
+#: builtin/commit.c:1371
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
 msgstr ""
 "dùng l�i nhắn có định dạng tự động nén để nén lại các lần chuyển giao đã chỉ "
 "ra"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1380
+#: builtin/commit.c:1372
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
 msgstr ""
 "lần chuyển giao nhận tôi là tác giả (được dùng với tùy ch�n -C/-c/--amend)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1381 builtin/log.c:1073 builtin/revert.c:109
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373 builtin/log.c:1113 builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
 msgstr "thêm dòng Signed-off-by:"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1382
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374
 msgid "use specified template file"
 msgstr "sử dụng tập tin mẫu đã cho"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1383
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375
 msgid "force edit of commit"
 msgstr "ép buộc sửa lần commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1384
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376
 msgid "default"
 msgstr "mặc định"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1384 builtin/tag.c:462
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
 msgstr "làm thế nào để cắt b� khoảng trắng và #ghichú từ mẩu tin nhắn"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1385
+#: builtin/commit.c:1377
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
 msgstr "bao gồm các trạng thái ghi mẫu ghi chú chuyển giao (commit)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1386 builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/tag.c:463
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/merge.c:215 builtin/tag.c:461
 msgid "key id"
 msgstr "id khóa"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1387 builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/merge.c:216
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
 msgstr "ký lần commit dùng GPG"
 
 #. end commit message options
-#: builtin/commit.c:1390
+#: builtin/commit.c:1382
 msgid "Commit contents options"
 msgstr "Các tùy nội dung ghi chú commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1391
+#: builtin/commit.c:1383
 msgid "commit all changed files"
 msgstr "chuyển giao tất cả các tập tin có thay đổi"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
 msgstr "thêm các tập tin đã chỉ ra vào bảng mục lục để chuyển giao (commit)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1393
+#: builtin/commit.c:1385
 msgid "interactively add files"
 msgstr "thêm các tập-tin bằng tương tác"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1394
+#: builtin/commit.c:1386
 msgid "interactively add changes"
 msgstr "thêm các thay đổi bằng tương tác"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1395
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387
 msgid "commit only specified files"
 msgstr "chỉ chuyển giao các tập tin đã chỉ ra"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1396
+#: builtin/commit.c:1388
 msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
 msgstr "vòng qua móc (hook) pre-commit"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1397
+#: builtin/commit.c:1389
 msgid "show what would be committed"
 msgstr "hiển thị xem cái gì có thể được chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1408
+#: builtin/commit.c:1400
 msgid "amend previous commit"
 msgstr "tu bổ (amend) lần commit trước"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1409
+#: builtin/commit.c:1401
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
 msgstr "vòng qua móc (hook) post-rewrite"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1414
+#: builtin/commit.c:1406
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
 msgstr "ok để ghi lại một thay đổi trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1417
+#: builtin/commit.c:1409
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
 msgstr "ok để ghi các thay đổi với l�i nhắn trống rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1449
+#: builtin/commit.c:1441
 msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
 msgstr "không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1487 builtin/merge.c:508
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479 builtin/merge.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
 msgstr "không thể mở “%s� để đ�c"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1494
+#: builtin/commit.c:1486
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr "Tập tin MERGE_HEAD sai h�ng (%s)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1501
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c MERGE_MODE"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1520
+#: builtin/commit.c:1512
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c thông điệp (message) commit (lần chuyển giao): %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1534
+#: builtin/commit.c:1526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "�ang b� qua việc chuyển giao (commit); bạn đã không biên soạn thông điệp "
 "(message).\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+#: builtin/commit.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "�ang b� qua lần chuyển giao (commit) bởi vì thông điệp của nó trống rỗng.\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1554 builtin/merge.c:832 builtin/merge.c:857
+#: builtin/commit.c:1546 builtin/merge.c:847 builtin/merge.c:872
 msgid "failed to write commit object"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi đối tượng chuyển giao (commit)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1575
+#: builtin/commit.c:1567
 msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
 msgstr "không thể khóa HEAD ref (tham chiếu)"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+#: builtin/commit.c:1571
 msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
 msgstr "không thể cập nhật ref (tham chiếu) HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1582
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
@@ -3979,9 +4411,13 @@ msgstr "chấm dứt giá trị với byte NUL"
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
 msgstr "tôn tr�ng kể cà các hướng trong tìm kiếm"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:69
-msgid "git count-objects [-v]"
-msgstr "git count-objects [-v]"
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:82
+msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:97
+msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
+msgstr "hiển thị kích cỡ theo định dạng dành cho ngư�i đ�c"
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:15
 msgid "git describe [options] <committish>*"
@@ -3991,47 +4427,47 @@ msgstr "git describe [các-tùy-ch�n] <committish>*"
 msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
 msgstr "git describe [các-tùy-ch�n] --dirty"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#: builtin/describe.c:233
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr "thẻ đã được ghi chú %s không sẵn để dùng"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:237
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr "thẻ được chú giải %s không có tên nhúng"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#: builtin/describe.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr "thẻ “%s� đã thực sự ở đây “%s� rồi"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#: builtin/describe.c:266
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
 msgstr "Không phải tên đối tượng %s hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:269
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
 msgstr "%s không phải là một đối tượng “%s� hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#: builtin/describe.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr "không có thẻ nào khớp chính xác với “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#: builtin/describe.c:288
 #, c-format
 msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
 msgstr "�ang tìm kiếm để mô tả %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#: builtin/describe.c:328
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "việc tìm kiếm đã kết thúc tại %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#: builtin/describe.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -4040,7 +4476,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không có thẻ được chú giải nào được mô tả là “%s�.\n"
 "Tuy nhiên, ở đây có những thẻ không được chú giải: hãy thử --tags."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#: builtin/describe.c:356
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -4049,12 +4485,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không có thẻ (tag) có thể mô tả “%s�.\n"
 "Hãy thử --always, hoặt tạo một số thẻ."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#: builtin/describe.c:377
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "đã xuyên %lu qua lần chuyển giao (commit)\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#: builtin/describe.c:380
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
@@ -4063,59 +4499,59 @@ msgstr ""
 "tìm thấy nhi�u hơn %i thẻ (tag); đã liệt kê %i gần đây nhất\n"
 "b� đi tìm kiếm tại %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:403
+#: builtin/describe.c:402
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
 msgstr "tìm các thẻ mà nó đến trước lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:403
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
 msgstr "chiến lược tìm kiếm trên đầu ra lỗi chuẩn stderr"
 
+#: builtin/describe.c:404
+msgid "use any ref"
+msgstr "dùng ref bất kỳ"
+
 #: builtin/describe.c:405
-msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
-msgstr "sử dụng bất kỳ ref nào trong .git/refs"
+msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
+msgstr "dùng thẻ bất kỳ, cả khi “unannotated�"
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:406
-msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
-msgstr "sử dụng bất kỳ thẻ nào trong .git/refs/tags"
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:407
 msgid "always use long format"
 msgstr "luôn dùng định dạng dài"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410
+#: builtin/describe.c:409
 msgid "only output exact matches"
 msgstr "chỉ xuất những gì khớp chính xác"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:411
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
 msgstr "coi như  <n> thẻ gần đây nhất (mặc định: 10)"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:414
+#: builtin/describe.c:413
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
 msgstr "chỉ cân nhắc đến những thẻ khớp với  <mẫu>"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:416 builtin/name-rev.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:415 builtin/name-rev.c:238
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
 msgstr "hiển thị đối tượng chuyển giao vắn tắt như là fallback"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:417
+#: builtin/describe.c:416
 msgid "mark"
 msgstr "dấu"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:418
+#: builtin/describe.c:417
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
 msgstr "thêm <dấu> trên cây thư mục làm việc bẩn (mặc định \"-dirty\")"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:436
+#: builtin/describe.c:435
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr "--long là xung khắc với tùy ch�n --abbrev=0"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:462
+#: builtin/describe.c:461
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr "Không tìm thấy các tên, không thể mô tả gì cả."
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:482
+#: builtin/describe.c:481
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
 msgstr "--dirty là xung khắc với các tùy ch�n dành cho chuyển giao (commit)"
 
@@ -4157,39 +4593,39 @@ msgstr "đã cho đối tượng không thể nắm giữ “%s�."
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:635
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:658
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
 msgstr "hiển thị tiến triển sau <n> đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:637
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:660
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
 msgstr "ch�n đi�u khiển của thẻ đã ký"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:640
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:663
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
 msgstr "ch�n sự xử lý của các thẻ, cái mà đánh thẻ các đối tượng được l�c ra"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:643
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:666
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
 msgstr "�ổ các đánh dấu này vào tập-tin"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:645
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:668
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
 msgstr "nhập vào đánh dấu từ tập tin này"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:647
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:670
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
 msgstr "Làm giả một cái thẻ khi thẻ bị thiếu một cái"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:649
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:672
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
 msgstr "Xuất ra toàn bộ cây cho mỗi lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:651
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:674
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
 msgstr "Sử dụng tính năng done để chấm dứt luồng dữ liệu"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:652
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:675
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
 msgstr "B� qua kết xuất của dữ liệu blob"
 
@@ -4263,88 +4699,92 @@ msgstr "cho phép cập nhật ref (tham chiếu) HEAD"
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
 msgstr "làm sâu hơn lịch sử của bản sao"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:85 builtin/log.c:1088
+#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+msgstr "chuyển đổi hoàn toàn sang kho git"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:88 builtin/log.c:1130
 msgid "dir"
 msgstr "tmục"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+#: builtin/fetch.c:89
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
 msgstr "soạn sẵn cái này cho kết xuất đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:89
+#: builtin/fetch.c:92
 msgid "default mode for recursion"
 msgstr "chế độ mặc định cho đệ qui"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:201
+#: builtin/fetch.c:204
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "Không thể tìm thấy máy chủ cho tham chiếu HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:254
+#: builtin/fetch.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "Không tìm thấy đối tượng %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+#: builtin/fetch.c:262
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[đã cập nhật]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:273
+#: builtin/fetch.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
 msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (không thể fetch (lấy) v� nhánh hiện hành)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:274 builtin/fetch.c:360
+#: builtin/fetch.c:277 builtin/fetch.c:363
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[Bị từ chối]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+#: builtin/fetch.c:288
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr "[cập nhật thẻ]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:287 builtin/fetch.c:322 builtin/fetch.c:340
+#: builtin/fetch.c:290 builtin/fetch.c:325 builtin/fetch.c:343
 msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
 msgstr "  (không thể cập nhật tham chiếu (ref) nội bộ)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr "[thẻ mới]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[nhánh mới]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+#: builtin/fetch.c:314
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[ref (tham chiếu) mới]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+#: builtin/fetch.c:359
 msgid "unable to update local ref"
 msgstr "không thể cập nhật tham chiếu (ref) nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+#: builtin/fetch.c:359
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "cưỡng bức cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:362
+#: builtin/fetch.c:365
 msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
 msgstr "(non-fast-forward)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:393 builtin/fetch.c:685
+#: builtin/fetch.c:396 builtin/fetch.c:688
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
 msgstr "không thể mở %s: %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#: builtin/fetch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "%s đã không gửi tất cả các đối tượng cần thiết\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#: builtin/fetch.c:491
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "Từ %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#: builtin/fetch.c:502
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
@@ -4353,57 +4793,57 @@ msgstr ""
 "một số tham chiếu (refs) nội bộ không thể được cập nhật; hãy thử chạy\n"
 " “git remote prune %s� để b� đi những nhánh cũ, hay bị xung đột"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#: builtin/fetch.c:552
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s sẽ trở thành không đầu (không được quản lý))"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#: builtin/fetch.c:553
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
 msgstr "   (%s đã trở thành không đầu (không được quản lý))"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[đã xóa]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:558 builtin/remote.c:1055
+#: builtin/fetch.c:561 builtin/remote.c:1055
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "(không)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#: builtin/fetch.c:678
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
 msgstr ""
 "Từ chối việc lấy (fetch) vào trong nhánh hiện tại %s của một kho chứa không "
 "phải kho trần (bare)"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:709
+#: builtin/fetch.c:712
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
 msgstr "Không biết làm cách nào để lấy v� (fetch) từ %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n \"%s\" có giá trị \"%s\" là không hợp lệ cho %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#: builtin/fetch.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n \"%s\" bị b� qua với %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:891
+#: builtin/fetch.c:894
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr "�ang lấy (fetch) %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:893 builtin/remote.c:100
+#: builtin/fetch.c:896 builtin/remote.c:100
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "không thể fetch (lấy) %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:912
+#: builtin/fetch.c:915
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
@@ -4411,24 +4851,32 @@ msgstr ""
 "Chưa chỉ ra kho chứa máy chủ.  Xin hãy chỉ định hoặc là URL hoặc\n"
 "tên máy chủ từ cái mà những điểm xét duyệt mới có thể được fetch (lấy v�)."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:932
+#: builtin/fetch.c:935
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr "Bạn phải định rõ tên thẻ."
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:984
+#: builtin/fetch.c:981
+msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
+msgstr "tùy ch�n --depth và --unshallow không thể sử dụng cùng với nhau"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:983
+msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
+msgstr "--unshallow trên kho hoàn chỉnh là không hợp lý"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr "lệnh lấy v� \"fetch --all\" không lấy đối số kho chứa"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:986
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1004
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr "lệnh lấy v� \"fetch --all\" không hợp lý với refspecs"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:997
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "không có nhóm máy chủ hay máy chủ như thế: %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1005
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1023
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr "Việc lấy v� cả một nhóm và chỉ định refspecs không hợp lý"
 
@@ -4437,29 +4885,29 @@ msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
 "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <thông điệp>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <tập-tin>]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:653 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:656 builtin/grep.c:701
-#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:656 builtin/show-ref.c:175
-#: builtin/tag.c:448 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666 builtin/grep.c:701
+#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:655 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/tag.c:446 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:239
 msgid "n"
 msgstr "n"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:654
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:664
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
 msgstr "gắn nhật ký với ít nhất <n> mục từ lệnh “shortlog�"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:657
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:667
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
 msgstr "bí danh cho --log (không được dùng)"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:660
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
 msgid "text"
 msgstr "văn bản"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:661
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
 msgstr "dùng <văn bản thư�ng> để bắt đầu ghi chú"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "file to read from"
 msgstr "tập tin để đ�c dữ liệu từ đó"
 
@@ -4617,7 +5065,7 @@ msgstr "không thể thực hiện lệnh grep (l�c tìm) từ đối tượng
 #: builtin/grep.c:551
 #, c-format
 msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
-msgstr "chuyển đến `%c' cần một giá trị bằng số"
+msgstr "chuyển đến “%c� cần một giá trị bằng số"
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:568
 #, c-format
@@ -4797,11 +5245,6 @@ msgstr "hiển thị cách dùng"
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "chưa chỉ ra mẫu."
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:825
-#, c-format
-msgid "bad object %s"
-msgstr "đối tượng sai %s"
-
 #: builtin/grep.c:866
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr "--open-files-in-pager chỉ làm việc trên cây-làm-việc"
@@ -4865,45 +5308,49 @@ msgid "print all available commands"
 msgstr "hiển thị danh sách các câu lệnh ngư�i dùng có thể sử dụng"
 
 #: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "print list of useful guides"
+msgstr "hiển thị danh sách các hướng dẫn hữu dụng"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
 msgid "show man page"
 msgstr "hiển thị trang man"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:45
+#: builtin/help.c:46
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
 msgstr "hiển thị hướng dẫn sử dụng trong trình duyệt web"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:47
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show info page"
 msgstr "hiện trang info"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:53
-msgid "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [lệnh]"
+#: builtin/help.c:54
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [lệnh]"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:65
+#: builtin/help.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr "không nhận ra định dạng trợ giúp “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:93
+#: builtin/help.c:94
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr "Lỗi khởi chạy emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:106
+#: builtin/help.c:107
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân tích phiên bản emacsclient."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:114
+#: builtin/help.c:115
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
 msgstr "phiên bản của emacsclient “%d� quá cũ (< 22)."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:160 builtin/help.c:169 builtin/help.c:177
+#: builtin/help.c:133 builtin/help.c:161 builtin/help.c:170 builtin/help.c:178
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi thực thi “%s�: %s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:217
+#: builtin/help.c:218
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
@@ -4912,7 +5359,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "“%s�: đư�ng dẫn không hỗ trợ bộ trình chiếu man.\n"
 "Hãy cân nhắc đến việc sử dụng “man.<tool>.cmd� để thay thế."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:229
+#: builtin/help.c:230
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
@@ -4921,307 +5368,335 @@ msgstr ""
 "“%s�: cmd (lệnh) hỗ trợ bộ trình chiếu man.\n"
 "Hãy cân nhắc đến việc sử dụng “man.<tool>.path� để thay thế."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:299
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "Những lệnh git hay được sử dụng nhất là:"
-
-#: builtin/help.c:367
+#: builtin/help.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr "“%s�: không rõ chương trình xem man."
 
-#: builtin/help.c:384
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "không có trình xem trợ giúp dạng manpage tiếp hợp với yêu cầu"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:392
+#: builtin/help.c:376
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "không có trình xem trợ giúp dạng info tiếp hợp với yêu cầu"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:447 builtin/help.c:454
+#: builtin/help.c:422
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "�ịnh nghĩa các thuộc tính cho mỗi đư�ng dẫn"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:423
+msgid "A Git glossary"
+msgstr "Thuật ngữ chuyên môn Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:424
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "Chỉ định các tập tin chưa theo dõi dấu vết bị b� qua một cách cố ý"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:425
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "�ịnh nghĩa thuộc tính mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:426
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "Chỉ định điểm xét duyệt và vùng cho Git"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:427
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
+msgstr "Hướng dẫn cách dùng Git ở mức cơ bản (dành cho bản 1.5.1 hay mới hơn)"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:428
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Tổng quan v� luồng công việc khuyến nghị nên dùng với Git."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:440
+msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
+msgstr "Các chỉ dẫn chung v� cách dùng Git là:\n"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:462 builtin/help.c:478
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr "cách sử dụng: %s%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:470
+#: builtin/help.c:494
 #, c-format
 msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
-msgstr "`git %s' được đặt bí danh thành `%s'"
+msgstr "“git %s� được đặt bí danh thành “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:170
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:182
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "kiểu đối tượng không khớp tại %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:190
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:202
 msgid "object of unexpected type"
 msgstr "đối tượng của kiểu không mong đợi"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "không thể đi�n vào %d byte"
 msgstr[1] "không thể đi�n vào %d byte"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:249
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "vừa đúng lúc EOF"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:238
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "lỗi đ�c ở đầu vào"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:262
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr "sử dụng nhi�u hơn số lượng byte mà nó sẵn có"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:257
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:269
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "pack quá lớn so với định nghĩa hiện tại của kiểu off_t"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:285
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể tạo “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:278
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:290
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể mở packfile “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:304
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr "chữ ký cho pack không khớp"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
 msgstr "không hỗ trợ phiên bản pack %<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:312
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:324
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
 msgstr "pack có đối tượng sai khoảng bù (offset) %lu: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:434
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:446
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "xả nén trả v� %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:483
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:495
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr "tràn giá trị khoảng bù cho đối tượng delta cơ sở"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:491
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:503
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr "khoảng bù cơ sở cho delta nằm ngoài phạm vi"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:499
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:511
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "không hiểu kiểu đối tượng %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:542
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "không thể chạy hàm pread cho tập tin pack"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:532
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:544
 #, c-format
 msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
 msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
 msgstr[0] "tập tin pack bị kết thúc sớm, %lu byte bị thiếu"
 msgstr[1] "tập tin pack bị kết thúc sớm, %lu byte bị thiếu"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:558
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:570
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "sự mâu thuẫn xả nén nghiêm tr�ng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:649 builtin/index-pack.c:655 builtin/index-pack.c:678
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:712 builtin/index-pack.c:721
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:661 builtin/index-pack.c:667 builtin/index-pack.c:690
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:724 builtin/index-pack.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr "SỰ VA CHẠM SHA1 �à XẢY RA VỚI %s!"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:652 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:664 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:718
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c đối tượng đã tồn tại %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:732
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:744
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
 msgstr "đối tượng blob không hợp lệ %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:747
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:759
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "%s không hợp lệ"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:761
 msgid "Error in object"
 msgstr "Lỗi trong đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:751
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:763
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "Không phải tất cả các đối tượng con của %s là có thể với tới được"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:821 builtin/index-pack.c:847
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:833 builtin/index-pack.c:863
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi áp dụng delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1004
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr "�ang nhận v� các đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1004
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr "Các đối tượng bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1012
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1030
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr "pack bị sai h�ng (SHA1 không khớp)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1017
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1035
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr "không thể fstat packfile"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1020
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1038
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "pack có phần thừa ở cuối"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1031
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1049
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr "lộn xộn hơn cả điên rồ khi chạy hàm parse_pack_objects()"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1054
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1072
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr "�ang phân giải các delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1064
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1082
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "không thể tạo tuyến: %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1106
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1124
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr "lộn xộn hơn cả điên rồ"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1112
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1132
 #, c-format
 msgid "completed with %d local objects"
 msgstr "đầy đủ với %d đối tượng nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1121
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
 msgstr "Tổng kiểm tra tail không như mong đợi cho %s (đĩa h�ng?)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1125
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1146
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] "pack có %d delta chưa được giải quyết"
 msgstr[1] "pack có %d delta chưa được giải quyết"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1171
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
 msgstr "không thể xả đối tượng nối thêm (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1229
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1250
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr "đối tượng nội bộ %s bị h�ng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1253
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
 msgid "error while closing pack file"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi trong khi đóng tập tin pack"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1266
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin giữ lại “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể đóng tập tin giữ lại đã được ghi “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1308
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "không thể lưu tập tin pack"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1298
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1319
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "không thể lưu trữ tập tin ghi mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1331
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1352
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 msgstr "sai pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1337
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1358
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
 msgstr "số tuyến chỉ ra không hợp lệ (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1341 builtin/index-pack.c:1514
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1362 builtin/index-pack.c:1535
 #, c-format
 msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
 msgstr "không hỗ trợ đa tuyến, b� qua %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1399
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1420
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể mở tập tin pack đã sẵn có “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể mở tập tin “pack idx� cho “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1448
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] "không delta: %d đối tượng"
 msgstr[1] "không delta: %d đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1455
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1476
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "chi�u dài xích = %d: %lu đối tượng"
 msgstr[1] "chi�u dài xích = %d: %lu đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1482
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1503
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr "Không thể quay lại cwd"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1526 builtin/index-pack.c:1529
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1541 builtin/index-pack.c:1545
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1547 builtin/index-pack.c:1550
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1562 builtin/index-pack.c:1566
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr "%s sai"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1559
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1580
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr "--fix-thin không thể được dùng mà không có --stdin"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1563 builtin/index-pack.c:1573
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1584 builtin/index-pack.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
 msgstr "tên tập tin packfile “%s� không được kết thúc bằng đuôi “.pack�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1582
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1603
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr "dùng tùy ch�n --verify mà không đưa ra tên packfile"
 
@@ -5389,238 +5864,241 @@ msgstr "Không thể truy cập thư mục làm việc hiện hành"
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể truy cập cây (tree) làm việc “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:37
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
-msgstr "git log [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<kể-từ>..<cho-đến>] [[--] <đư�ng-dẫn>...]\n"
+#: builtin/log.c:40
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+msgstr "git log [<các-tùy-ch�n>] [<vùng xem xét>] [[--] <đư�ng-dẫn>...]\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:38
+#: builtin/log.c:41
 msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
-msgstr "   or: git show [các-tùy-ch�n] <đối-tượng>..."
+msgstr "  hay: git show [các-tùy-ch�n] <đối-tượng>..."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:100
+#: builtin/log.c:103
 msgid "suppress diff output"
 msgstr "chặn m�i kết xuất từ diff"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:101
+#: builtin/log.c:104
 msgid "show source"
 msgstr "hiển thị mã nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:102
+#: builtin/log.c:105
+msgid "Use mail map file"
+msgstr "Sử dụng tập tin ánh xạ thư"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:106
 msgid "decorate options"
 msgstr "các tùy ch�n trang trí"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:189
+#: builtin/log.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "Kết xuất cuối cùng: %d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:405 builtin/log.c:497
+#: builtin/log.c:422 builtin/log.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "Không thể đ�c đối tượng %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:521
+#: builtin/log.c:538
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "Không nhận ra kiểu: %d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:613
+#: builtin/log.c:638
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "format.headers không có giá trị cụ thể"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:687
+#: builtin/log.c:720
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "tên của thư mục kết xuất quá dài"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:698
+#: builtin/log.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "Không thể mở tập tin miếng vá: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:712
+#: builtin/log.c:750
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "Cần chính xác một vùng."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:720
+#: builtin/log.c:758
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "Không phải là một vùng."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:794
+#: builtin/log.c:860
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr "�Cover letter� cần cho định dạng thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:867
+#: builtin/log.c:936
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "in-reply-to điên rồ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:895
+#: builtin/log.c:964
 msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
 msgstr "git format-patch [các-tùy-ch�n] [<kể-từ> | <vùng-xem-xét>]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:940
+#: builtin/log.c:1009
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "Hai thư mục kết xuất?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1068
+#: builtin/log.c:1108
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
 msgstr "dùng [PATCH n/m] ngay cả với miếng vá đơn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1071
+#: builtin/log.c:1111
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
 msgstr "dùng [V�] ngay cả với các miếng vá phức tạp"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1075
+#: builtin/log.c:1115
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
 msgstr "hiển thị miếng vá ra đầu ra chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1077
+#: builtin/log.c:1117
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
 msgstr "tạo bì thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1079
+#: builtin/log.c:1119
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
 msgstr "sử dụng chỗi dãy số dạng đơn giản cho tên tập-tin xuất ra"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1080
+#: builtin/log.c:1120
 msgid "sfx"
 msgstr "sfx"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1081
+#: builtin/log.c:1121
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
 msgstr "sử dụng <sfx> thay cho “.patch�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1083
+#: builtin/log.c:1123
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
 msgstr "bắt đầu đánh số miếng vá từ <n> thay vì 1"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1085
+#: builtin/log.c:1125
+msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
+msgstr "đánh dấu chuỗi nối tiếp dạng thứ-N re-roll"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1127
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
 msgstr "Dùng [<ti�n-tố>] thay cho [V�]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1088
+#: builtin/log.c:1130
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
 msgstr "lưu các tập tin kết quả trong <t.mục>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1091
+#: builtin/log.c:1133
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
 msgstr "không strip/add [V�]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1094
+#: builtin/log.c:1136
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
 msgstr "không kết xuất diff (những khác biệt) nhị phân"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1096
+#: builtin/log.c:1138
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
 msgstr "không bao gồm miếng vá khớp với một lần chuyển giao thượng nguồn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1098
+#: builtin/log.c:1140
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
 msgstr "hiển thị định dạng miếng vá thay vì mặc định (miếng vá + thống kê)"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1100
+#: builtin/log.c:1142
 msgid "Messaging"
 msgstr "L�i nhắn"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1101
+#: builtin/log.c:1143
 msgid "header"
 msgstr "đầu đ� thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1102
+#: builtin/log.c:1144
 msgid "add email header"
 msgstr "thêm đầu đ� thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1103 builtin/log.c:1105
+#: builtin/log.c:1145 builtin/log.c:1147
 msgid "email"
 msgstr "thư điện tử"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1103
+#: builtin/log.c:1145
 msgid "add To: header"
 msgstr "thêm To: đầu đ� thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1105
+#: builtin/log.c:1147
 msgid "add Cc: header"
 msgstr "thêm Cc: đầu đ� thư"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1107
+#: builtin/log.c:1149
 msgid "message-id"
 msgstr "message-id"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1108
+#: builtin/log.c:1150
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
 msgstr "dùng thư đầu tiên để trả l�i <message-id>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1109 builtin/log.c:1112
+#: builtin/log.c:1151 builtin/log.c:1154
 msgid "boundary"
 msgstr "ranh giá»›i"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1110
+#: builtin/log.c:1152
 msgid "attach the patch"
 msgstr "đính kèm miếng vá"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1113
+#: builtin/log.c:1155
 msgid "inline the patch"
 msgstr "dùng miếng vá làm nội dung"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1117
+#: builtin/log.c:1159
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
 msgstr "cho phép luồng l�i nhắn, kiểu: “shallow�, “deep�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1119
+#: builtin/log.c:1161
 msgid "signature"
 msgstr "chữ ký"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1120
+#: builtin/log.c:1162
 msgid "add a signature"
 msgstr "thêm chữ ký"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1122
+#: builtin/log.c:1164
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
 msgstr "không hiển thị các tên tập tin của miếng vá"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1163
-#, c-format
-msgid "bogus committer info %s"
-msgstr "thông tin ngư�i chuyển giao không có thực %s"
-
-#: builtin/log.c:1208
+#: builtin/log.c:1248
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "-n và  -k loại từ lẫn nhau."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1210
+#: builtin/log.c:1250
 msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "--subject-prefix và -k xung khắc nhau."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1218
+#: builtin/log.c:1258
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-only không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1220
+#: builtin/log.c:1260
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-status không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1222
+#: builtin/log.c:1262
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr "--check không hợp lý"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1245
+#: builtin/log.c:1285
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "đầu ra chuẩn, hay thư mục, ch�n cái nào?"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1247
+#: builtin/log.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể tạo thư mục “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1400
+#: builtin/log.c:1435
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tạo các tập tin kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1449
+#: builtin/log.c:1484
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
 msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<thượng-nguồn> [<head> [<giới-hạn>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1504
+#: builtin/log.c:1539
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
@@ -5628,103 +6106,103 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không tìm thấy nhánh mạng bị theo vết, hãy chỉ định <thượng-nguồn> một cách "
 "thủ công.\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1517 builtin/log.c:1519 builtin/log.c:1531
+#: builtin/log.c:1552 builtin/log.c:1554 builtin/log.c:1566
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown commit %s"
 msgstr "Không hiểu lần chuyển giao (commit) %s"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:408
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:402
 msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
 msgstr "git ls-files [các-tùy-ch�n] [<tập-tin>...]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:459
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
 msgstr "nhận dạng các trạng thái tập tin với thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:461
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
 msgstr ""
 "dùng chữ cái viết thư�ng cho các tập tin “assume unchanged� (giả định không "
 "thay đổi)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin được nhớ tạm vào đầu ra (mặc định)"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin đã xóa trong kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin đã bị sửa đổi ra kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
 msgid "show other files in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin khác trong kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin bị b� qua trong kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:474
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị tên đối tượng của nội dung được lưu trạng thái ở kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:476
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin trên hệ thống tập tin mà nó cần được gỡ b�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:482
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
 msgid "show 'other' directories' name only"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị tên của các thư mục “khác�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:481
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
 msgstr "không hiển thị thư mục rỗng"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:484
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin chưa hòa trộn trong kết xuất"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:486
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
 msgstr "hiển thị thông tin resolve-undo"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:492
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
 msgstr "b� qua những tập tin khớp với một mẫu"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:491
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
 msgstr "mẫu loại trừ được đ�c từ <tập tin>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:494
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
 msgstr "đ�c thêm các mẫu ngoại trừ mỗi thư mục trong <tập tin>"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:500
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:496
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
 msgstr "thêm loại trừ tiêu chuẩn kiểu git"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:499
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
 msgstr "làm cho kết xuất liên quan đến thư mục ở mức cao nhất (gốc) của dự án"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
 msgstr "nếu <tập tin> bất kỳ không ở trong bảng mục lục, xử lý nó như một lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:507
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
 msgid "tree-ish"
 msgstr "tree-ish"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:508
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:504
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
 msgstr ""
 "giả định rằng các đư�ng dẫn đã bị gỡ b� kể từ <tree-ish> nay vẫn hiện diện"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
 msgid "show debugging data"
 msgstr "hiển thị dữ liệu gỡ lỗi"
 
@@ -5778,7 +6256,7 @@ msgstr "git merge --abort"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:90
 msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
-msgstr "switch `m' yêu cầu một giá trị"
+msgstr "switch “m� yêu cầu một giá trị"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:127
 #, c-format
@@ -5831,176 +6309,181 @@ msgstr "cho phép fast-forward (mặc định)"
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
 msgstr "b� qua nếu fast-forward không thể được"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/notes.c:870 builtin/revert.c:112
+#: builtin/merge.c:203
+msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "Thẩm tra xem lần chuyển giao có tên đó có chữ ký GPG hợp lệ hay không"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:204 builtin/notes.c:866 builtin/revert.c:112
 msgid "strategy"
 msgstr "chiến lược"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:203
+#: builtin/merge.c:205
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
 msgstr "chiến lược hòa trộn sẽ dùng"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:206
 msgid "option=value"
 msgstr "tùy_ch�n=giá_trị"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:205
+#: builtin/merge.c:207
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
 msgstr "tùy ch�n cho chiến lược hòa trộn đã ch�n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:209
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
 msgstr ""
 "hòa trộn ghi chú của lần chuyển giao (dành cho hòa trộn non-fast-forward)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:211
+#: builtin/merge.c:213
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
 msgstr "bãi b� quá trình hòa trộn hiện tại đang thực hiện"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:240
+#: builtin/merge.c:242
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr "không thể chạy stash."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:245
+#: builtin/merge.c:247
 msgid "stash failed"
 msgstr "stash gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#: builtin/merge.c:252
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "không phải là một đối tượng hợp lệ: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+#: builtin/merge.c:271 builtin/merge.c:288
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "read-tree gặp lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:316
+#: builtin/merge.c:318
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr " (không có gì để squash)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#: builtin/merge.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Squash commit -- không cập nhật HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:361
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
 msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "�ang ghi SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:363
+#: builtin/merge.c:365
 msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "Hoàn thành SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#: builtin/merge.c:388
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "Không thông điệp hòa trộn -- không cập nhật HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:436
+#: builtin/merge.c:438
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr "“%s� không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao (commit) nào cả"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:535
+#: builtin/merge.c:550
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr "Chuá»—i branch.%s.mergeoptions sai: %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:628
+#: builtin/merge.c:643
 msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
 msgstr "lệnh git write-tree gặp lỗi khi ghi một cây"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:656
+#: builtin/merge.c:671
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr "Không cầm nắm gì ngoài hai head hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:670
+#: builtin/merge.c:685
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "Không hiểu tùy ch�n cho merge-recursive: -X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:684
+#: builtin/merge.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "không thể ghi %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:773
+#: builtin/merge.c:788
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr "Không thể đ�c từ “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:782
+#: builtin/merge.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Vẫn chưa hòa trộn các lần chuyển giao (commit); sử dụng lệnh “git commit� để "
 "hoàn tất việc hòa trộn.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:788
+#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
 "especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
 "\n"
-"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
 "the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Hãy nhập vào các thông tin để giải thích tại sao sự hòa trộn này là cần "
 "thiết,\n"
-"đặc biệt là khi nó hòa trộn thượng nguồn đã cập nhật vào trong một nhánh "
+"đặc biệt là khi nó hòa trộn ngược dòng đã cập nhật vào trong một nhánh "
 "topic.\n"
 "\n"
-"Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “#� sẽ được b� qua, và phần chú thích này nếu "
+"Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “%c� sẽ được b� qua, và phần chú thích này nếu "
 "rá»—ng\n"
-"sẽ làm hủy b� lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
+"sẽ hủy b� lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:812
+#: builtin/merge.c:827
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "Chú thích của lần commit (chuyển giao) bị trống rỗng."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:824
+#: builtin/merge.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr "Thần kỳ.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:889
+#: builtin/merge.c:904
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "Việc tự động hòa trộn gặp lỗi; hãy sửa các xung đột sau đó chuyển giao "
 "(commit) kết quả.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:905
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
 msgstr "%s không phải là một lần commit (chuyển giao)"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:946
+#: builtin/merge.c:961
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr "không phải nhánh hiện hành"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:948
+#: builtin/merge.c:963
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr "Không có máy chủ cho nhánh hiện hành."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:950
+#: builtin/merge.c:965
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr "Không có thượng nguồn mặc định được định nghĩa cho nhánh hiện hành."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:955
+#: builtin/merge.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr "Không nhánh mạng theo vết cho %s từ %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1042 builtin/merge.c:1199
+#: builtin/merge.c:1057 builtin/merge.c:1214
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr "%s - không phải là một số thứ chúng tôi có thể hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1110
+#: builtin/merge.c:1125
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr ""
 "Ở đây không có lần hòa trộn nào được hủy b� giữa chừng cả (thiếu MERGE_HEAD)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1126 git-pull.sh:31
+#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:31
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
@@ -6008,11 +6491,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc hòa trộng (MERGE_HEAD vẫn tồn tại).\n"
 "Hãy chuyển giao (commit) các thay đổi trước khi bạn có thể hòa trộn."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1129 git-pull.sh:34
+#: builtin/merge.c:1144 git-pull.sh:34
 msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc hòa trộng (MERGE_HEAD vẫn tồn tại)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1133
+#: builtin/merge.c:1148
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
@@ -6020,85 +6503,107 @@ msgstr ""
 "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD vẫn tồn tại).\n"
 "Hãy chuyển giao (commit) các thay đổi trước khi bạn có thể hòa trộn."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1136
+#: builtin/merge.c:1151
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD vẫn tồn tại)."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+#: builtin/merge.c:1160
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr "Bạn không thể kết hợp --squash với --no-ff."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1150
+#: builtin/merge.c:1165
 msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
 msgstr "Bạn không thể kết hợp --no-ff với --ff-only."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+#: builtin/merge.c:1172
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr ""
 "Không chỉ ra lần chuyển giao (commit) và merge.defaultToUpstream chưa được "
 "đặt."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1189
+#: builtin/merge.c:1204
 msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
 msgstr ""
 "Không thể hòa trộn một cách đúng đắn một lần chuyển giao (commit) vào một "
 "head rá»—ng"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1192
+#: builtin/merge.c:1207
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr "Squash commit vào một head trống rỗng vẫn chưa được hỗ trợ"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1194
+#: builtin/merge.c:1209
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr ""
 "Chuyển giao (commit) không-fast-forward không hợp lý ở trong một head trống "
 "rá»—ng"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1309
+#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
+msgstr ""
+"Lần chuyển giao %s có một chữ ký GPG không đáng tin, được cho là bởi %s."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao %s có một chữ ký GPG sai, được cho là bởi %s."
+
+#. 'N'
+#: builtin/merge.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao (commit) %s không có chữ ký GPG."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao %s có một chữ ký GPG tốt bởi %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr "�ang cập nhật %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1348
+#: builtin/merge.c:1397
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
 msgstr "�ang thử hòa trộn kiểu “trivial in-index�...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1355
+#: builtin/merge.c:1404
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "Không.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1387
+#: builtin/merge.c:1436
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
 msgstr "Thực hiện lệnh fast-forward là không thể được, đang b� qua."
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1410 builtin/merge.c:1489
+#: builtin/merge.c:1459 builtin/merge.c:1538
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr "�ang tua lại cây thành th�i xa xưa...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1414
+#: builtin/merge.c:1463
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr "�ang thử chiến lược hòa trộn %s...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1480
+#: builtin/merge.c:1529
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "Không có chiến lược hòa trộn nào được nắm giữ (handle) sự hòa trộn.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1482
+#: builtin/merge.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "Hòa trộn với chiến lược %s gặp lỗi.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1491
+#: builtin/merge.c:1540
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr "Sử dụng %s để chuẩn bị giải quyết bằng tay.\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1503
+#: builtin/merge.c:1552
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr ""
@@ -6302,7 +6807,7 @@ msgstr "đ�c từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:236
 msgid "allow to print `undefined` names"
-msgstr "cho phép hiển thị các tên `chưa định nghĩa`"
+msgstr "cho phép hiển thị các tên “chưa định nghĩa“"
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:26
 msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
@@ -6414,142 +6919,137 @@ msgstr "git notes prune [<các-tùy-ch�n>]"
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
 msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:142
+#: builtin/notes.c:139
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể khởi chạy “show� cho đối tượng “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:148
-msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
-msgstr "không thể fdopen “show� (lệnh hiển thị) mô tả tập tin (fd) kết xuất"
+#: builtin/notes.c:143
+msgid "could not read 'show' output"
+msgstr "không thể đ�c kết xuất “show�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
-msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đóng đư�ng ống cho lệnh “show� cho đối tượng “%s�"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:161
+#: builtin/notes.c:151
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi hoàn thành “show� cho đối tượng “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:178 builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/notes.c:169 builtin/tag.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create file '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể tạo tập tin “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:192
+#: builtin/notes.c:188
 msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
 msgstr ""
 "Xin hãy áp dụng nội dung của ghi chú sử dụng hoặc là tùy ch�n -m hoặc là -F"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:213 builtin/notes.c:976
+#: builtin/notes.c:209 builtin/notes.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr "�ang gỡ b� ghi chú (note) cho đối tượng %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:218
+#: builtin/notes.c:214
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "không thể ghi đối tượng ghi chú (note)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:220
+#: builtin/notes.c:216
 #, c-format
 msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
 msgstr "Nội dung ghi chú còn lại %s"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:254 builtin/tag.c:542
+#: builtin/notes.c:250 builtin/tag.c:540
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:256 builtin/tag.c:545
+#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
-msgstr "không thể mở để đ�c hay ghi “%s�"
+msgstr "không thể mở hay đ�c “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:275 builtin/notes.c:448 builtin/notes.c:450
-#: builtin/notes.c:510 builtin/notes.c:564 builtin/notes.c:647
-#: builtin/notes.c:652 builtin/notes.c:727 builtin/notes.c:769
-#: builtin/notes.c:971 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:271 builtin/notes.c:444 builtin/notes.c:446
+#: builtin/notes.c:506 builtin/notes.c:560 builtin/notes.c:643
+#: builtin/notes.c:648 builtin/notes.c:723 builtin/notes.c:765
+#: builtin/notes.c:967 builtin/tag.c:556
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi giải quyết “%s� như là một tham chiếu (ref) hợp lệ."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân giải “%s� như là một tham chiếu (ref) hợp lệ."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:278
+#: builtin/notes.c:274
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đ�c đối tượng “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:302
+#: builtin/notes.c:298
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr ""
 "Không thể chuyển giao (commit) chưa được khởi tạo hoặc không được tham chiếu "
 "cây ghi chú"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:343
+#: builtin/notes.c:339
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Giá trị notes.rewriteMode sai: “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:353
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr "Từ chối ghi đè ghi chú trong %s (nằm ngoài của refs/notes/)"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
 #. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: builtin/notes.c:380
+#: builtin/notes.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr "Giá trị %s sai: “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:444
+#: builtin/notes.c:440
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
 msgstr "Dòng nhập vào dị hình: “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:459
+#: builtin/notes.c:455
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi sao chép ghi chú (note) từ “%s� tới “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:503 builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/notes.c:630
-#: builtin/notes.c:642 builtin/notes.c:715 builtin/notes.c:762
-#: builtin/notes.c:1036
+#: builtin/notes.c:499 builtin/notes.c:553 builtin/notes.c:626
+#: builtin/notes.c:638 builtin/notes.c:711 builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:1032
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "quá nhi�u đối số"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:516 builtin/notes.c:775
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:771
 #, c-format
 msgid "No note found for object %s."
 msgstr "không tìm thấy ghi chú cho đối tượng %s."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:538 builtin/notes.c:695
+#: builtin/notes.c:534 builtin/notes.c:691
 msgid "note contents as a string"
 msgstr "nội dung ghi chú (note) nằm trong một chuỗi"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:541 builtin/notes.c:698
+#: builtin/notes.c:537 builtin/notes.c:694
 msgid "note contents in a file"
 msgstr "nội dung ghi chú (note) nằm trong một tập tin"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:546 builtin/notes.c:700
-#: builtin/notes.c:703 builtin/tag.c:476
+#: builtin/notes.c:539 builtin/notes.c:542 builtin/notes.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:699 builtin/tag.c:474
 msgid "object"
 msgstr "đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:544 builtin/notes.c:701
+#: builtin/notes.c:540 builtin/notes.c:697
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
 msgstr "dùng lại nhưng có sửa chữa đối tượng note đã chỉ ra"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:547 builtin/notes.c:704
+#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:700
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
 msgstr "dùng lại đối tượng ghi chú (note) đã chỉ ra"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:549 builtin/notes.c:617
+#: builtin/notes.c:545 builtin/notes.c:613
 msgid "replace existing notes"
 msgstr "thay thế ghi chú trước"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:583
+#: builtin/notes.c:579
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -6558,24 +7058,24 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không thể thêm các ghi chú. �ã tìm thấy các ghi chú đã có sẵn cho đối tượng "
 "%s. Sử dụng tùy ch�n “-f� để ghi đè lên các ghi chú cũ"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:665
+#: builtin/notes.c:584 builtin/notes.c:661
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr "�ang ghi đè lên ghi chú cũ cho đối tượng %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:618
+#: builtin/notes.c:614
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
 msgstr "đ�c các đối tượng từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:620
+#: builtin/notes.c:616
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
 msgstr "tải cấu hình chép lại cho <lệnh> (ngầm định là --stdin)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:638
+#: builtin/notes.c:634
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "quá ít đối số"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:659
+#: builtin/notes.c:655
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
@@ -6584,12 +7084,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không thể sao chép các ghi chú. �ã tìm thấy các ghi chú đã có sẵn cho đối "
 "tượng %s. Sử dụng tùy ch�n “-f� để ghi đè lên các ghi chú cũ"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:671
+#: builtin/notes.c:667
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
 msgstr "Thiếu ghi chú trên đối tượng nguốn %s. Không thể sao chép."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:720
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
@@ -6598,15 +7098,15 @@ msgstr ""
 "Các tùy ch�n -m/-F/-c/-C đã cổ không còn dùng nữa cho lệnh con “edit�.\n"
 "Xin hãy sử dụng lệnh sau để thay thế: “git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C�.\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:867
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n chung"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:869
+#: builtin/notes.c:865
 msgid "Merge options"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n v� hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:871
+#: builtin/notes.c:867
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
@@ -6614,46 +7114,46 @@ msgstr ""
 "phân giải các xung đột “notes� sử dụng chiến lược đã đưa ra (manual/ours/"
 "theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:873
+#: builtin/notes.c:869
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr "Chuyển giao các note chưa được hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:875
+#: builtin/notes.c:871
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
 msgstr ""
 "các note cuối cùng được hòa trộn bởi các note chưa hòa trộn của lần chuyển "
 "giao"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:877
+#: builtin/notes.c:873
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
 msgstr "Hủy b� phân giải ghi chú (note) hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:879
+#: builtin/notes.c:875
 msgid "abort notes merge"
 msgstr "b� qua hòa trộn các ghi chú (note)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:974
+#: builtin/notes.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "�ối tượng %s không có ghi chú (note)\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:986
+#: builtin/notes.c:982
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
 msgstr "cố gắng gỡ b� một note chưa từng tồn tại không phải là một lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:989
+#: builtin/notes.c:985
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
 msgstr "đ�c tên đối tượng từ thiết bị nhập chuẩn"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1070
+#: builtin/notes.c:1066
 msgid "notes_ref"
 msgstr "notes_ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1071
+#: builtin/notes.c:1067
 msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
 msgstr "dùng “notes� từ <notes_ref>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1106 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#: builtin/notes.c:1102 builtin/remote.c:1598
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
 msgstr "Không hiểu câu lệnh con: %s"
@@ -7023,22 +7523,54 @@ msgstr ""
 "Xem trong phần “Note about fast-forwards� từ lệnh “git push --help� để có "
 "thông tin chi tiết."
 
-#: builtin/push.c:258
+#: builtin/push.c:224
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+"not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+"to the same ref. You may want to first merge the remote changes (e.g.,\n"
+"'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Việc cập nhật bị từ chối bởi vì máy chủ có chứa công việc mà bạn không\n"
+"có ở máy nội bộ của mình. Lỗi này thư�ng có nguyên nhân bởi kho khác đẩy dữ "
+"liệu lên\n"
+"cùng một tham chiếu. Bạn có lẽ muốn hòa trộn với các thay đổi từ máy chủ\n"
+"(v.d. “git pull�) trước khi lại push lần nữa.\n"
+"Xem trong phần “Note about fast-forwards� từ lệnh “git push --help� để có "
+"thông tin chi tiết."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:231
+msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
+msgstr "Việc cập nhật bị từ chối bởi vì thẻ đã sẵn có từ trước trên máy chủ."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:234
+msgid ""
+"You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+"or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+"without using the '--force' option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể cập nhật một tham chiếu trên máy chủ mà nó chỉ đến đối tượng "
+"không\n"
+"phải chuyển giao, hoặc cập nhật một tham chiếu máy chủ để nó chỉ đến đối "
+"tượng\n"
+"không phải chuyển giao, mà không sử dụng tùy ch�n “--force�.\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:294
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr "�ang push (đẩy) lên %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:262
+#: builtin/push.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr "gặp lỗi khi push (đẩy lên) một số tham chiếu (ref) đến “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:294
+#: builtin/push.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr "repository (kho) sai “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:295
+#: builtin/push.c:332
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -7059,80 +7591,88 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push <tên>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:310
+#: builtin/push.c:347
 msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr "--all và --tags xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:311
+#: builtin/push.c:348
 msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr "--all không thể được tổ hợp cùng với refspecs"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:316
+#: builtin/push.c:353
 msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr "--mirror và --tags xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:317
+#: builtin/push.c:354
 msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr "--mirror không thể được tổ hợp cùng với refspecs"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:322
+#: builtin/push.c:359
 msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
 msgstr "--all và --mirror xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:382
+#: builtin/push.c:419
 msgid "repository"
 msgstr "kho"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:383
+#: builtin/push.c:420
 msgid "push all refs"
 msgstr "push tất cả refs"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:384
+#: builtin/push.c:421
 msgid "mirror all refs"
 msgstr "mirror tất cả refs"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:386
+#: builtin/push.c:423
 msgid "delete refs"
 msgstr "xóa refs"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:387
+#: builtin/push.c:424
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
 msgstr ""
 "các thẻ push (không thể sử dụng cùng với các tùy ch�n --all hay --mirror)"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:390
+#: builtin/push.c:427
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "ép buộc cập nhật"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:391
+#: builtin/push.c:428
 msgid "check"
 msgstr "kiểm tra"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:392
+#: builtin/push.c:429
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
 msgstr "đi�u khiển việc đẩy lên (push) đệ qui của mô-đun-con"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:431
 msgid "use thin pack"
 msgstr "tạo gói nhẹ"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395 builtin/push.c:396
+#: builtin/push.c:432 builtin/push.c:433
 msgid "receive pack program"
 msgstr "nhận v� chương trình pack"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:397
+#: builtin/push.c:434
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
 msgstr "đặt thượng nguồn (upstream) cho git pull/status"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:400
+#: builtin/push.c:437
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
 msgstr "prune (cắt cụt) những tham chiếu (refs) bị gỡ b�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
+#: builtin/push.c:439
+msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
+msgstr "vòng qua “pre-push hook�"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:440
+msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
+msgstr "push bị trượt nhưng các thẻ thích hợp"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:450
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr "--delete là xung khắc với các tùy ch�n --all, --mirror và --tags"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:412
+#: builtin/push.c:452
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr "--delete không hợp lý nếu không có bất kỳ tham chiếu (refs) nào"
 
@@ -7372,11 +7912,11 @@ msgstr "Không thể lấy ánh xạ (map) fetch cho refspec %s"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:440 builtin/remote.c:448
 msgid "(matching)"
-msgstr "(mẫu)"
+msgstr "(khá»›p)"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:452
 msgid "(delete)"
-msgstr "(xoá)"
+msgstr "(xóa)"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:595 builtin/remote.c:601 builtin/remote.c:607
 #, c-format
@@ -7655,7 +8195,7 @@ msgstr " * [nên xén bớt] %s"
 #: builtin/remote.c:1298
 #, c-format
 msgid " * [pruned] %s"
-msgstr " *[đã xén bớ] %s"
+msgstr " *[đã bị xén] %s"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1321
 msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
@@ -7747,12 +8287,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:26
-msgid "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <các-đư�ng-dẫn>..."
+msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <đư�ng-dẫn>..."
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"
-msgstr "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<các-đư�ng-dẫn>...]"
+msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<các-đư�ng-dẫn>...]"
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:33
 msgid "mixed"
@@ -7774,98 +8314,104 @@ msgstr "hòa trộn"
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "giữ lại"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:77
+#: builtin/reset.c:73
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr "Bạn không có HEAD nào hợp lệ."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:79
+#: builtin/reset.c:75
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tìm cây của HEAD."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#: builtin/reset.c:81
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tìm cây của %s."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:96
-msgid "Could not write new index file."
-msgstr "Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới."
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#: builtin/reset.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "HEAD hiện gi� tại %s"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:130
-msgid "Could not read index"
-msgstr "Không thể đ�c bảng mục lục"
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:133
-msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
-msgstr "Những thay đổi bị b� trạng thái (stage) sau khi reset:"
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#: builtin/reset.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr "Không thể thực hiện một %s reset ở giữa của quá trình hòa trộn."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:238
+#: builtin/reset.c:248
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
 msgstr "làm việc ở chế độ im lặng, chỉ hiển thị khi có lỗi"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:240
+#: builtin/reset.c:250
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
 msgstr "đặt lại (reset) HEAD và bảng mục lục"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/reset.c:251
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
 msgstr "chỉ đặt lại (reset) HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:243 builtin/reset.c:245
+#: builtin/reset.c:253 builtin/reset.c:255
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
 msgstr "đặt lại HEAD, bảng mục lục và cây làm việc"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:247
+#: builtin/reset.c:257
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
 msgstr "đặt lại HEAD nhưng giữ lại các thay đổi nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:303
+#: builtin/reset.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân giải “%s� như là điểm xét duyệt hợp lệ."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:278 builtin/reset.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
 msgstr "không thể phân tích đối tượng “%s�."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308
+#: builtin/reset.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân giải “%s� như là một cây (tree) hợp lệ."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 msgstr "--patch xung khắc với --{hard,mixed,soft}"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:317
+#: builtin/reset.c:301
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr ""
 "--mixed với các đư�ng dẫn không còn dùng nữa; hãy thay thế bằng lệnh “git "
 "reset -- <đư�ng_dẫn>�."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:319
+#: builtin/reset.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr "Không thể thực hiện lệnh %s reset với các đư�ng dẫn."
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:313
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr "%s reset không được phép trên kho bare (trên máy chủ)"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:333
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
 msgstr "Không thể đặt lại (reset) bảng mục lục thành điểm xét lại “%s�."
 
+#: builtin/reset.c:339
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "Những thay đổi bị b� trạng thái (stage) sau khi reset:"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:344
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới."
+
 #: builtin/rev-parse.c:339
 msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
 msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [các-tùy-ch�n] -- [<th.số>...]"
 
 #: builtin/rev-parse.c:344
 msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
-msgstr "giữ `--` chuyển qua làm tham số"
+msgstr "giữ “--“ chuyển qua làm tham số"
 
 #: builtin/rev-parse.c:346
 msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
@@ -7886,16 +8432,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Chạy lệnh \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" để có thêm thông tin v� cách dùng."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>"
-msgstr "git revert [các-tùy-ch�n] <commit-ish>"
+msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [các-tùy-ch�n] <commit-ish>..."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
 msgstr "git revert <lệnh-con>"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"
-msgstr "git cherry-pick [các-tùy-ch�n] <commit-ish>"
+msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [các-tùy-ch�n] <commit-ish>..."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
@@ -7984,8 +8530,8 @@ msgid ""
 "submodule '%s' (or one of its nested submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
 "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
 msgstr ""
-"mô-đun-con '%s' (hoặc cái nằm trong các mô-đun-con) dùng thư mục .git\n"
-"(dùng 'rm -rf' nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ b� nó cùng với tất cả lịch sử của "
+"mô-đun-con “%s� (hoặc cái nằm trong các mô-đun-con) dùng thư mục .git\n"
+"(dùng “rm -rf� nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ b� nó cùng với tất cả lịch sử của "
 "chúng)"
 
 #: builtin/rm.c:174
@@ -8046,31 +8592,31 @@ msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm: không thể gỡ b� %s"
 
 #: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
-msgstr "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [các-tùy-ch�n] [<vùng-xem-xét>] [[--] [<đư�ng-dẫn>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing author: %s"
 msgstr "Thiếu tên tác giả: %s"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:253
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:227
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
 msgstr "sắp xếp kết xuất tuân theo số lượng chuyển giao trên mỗi tác giả"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:229
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
 msgstr "Chặn m�i mô tả lần chuyển giao, chỉ đưa ra số lượng lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:257
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:231
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
 msgstr "Hiển thị thư điện tử cho từng tác giả"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:258
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:259
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:233
 msgid "Linewrap output"
 msgstr "Ngắt dòng khi quá dài"
 
@@ -8090,67 +8636,67 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
 msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<n�n>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
 msgstr "hiển thị các nhánh remote-tracking và nội bộ"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "hiển thị các nhánh remote-tracking"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
 msgstr "màu “*!+-� tương ứng với nhánh"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
 msgstr "hiển thị thêm <n> lần chuyển giao sau cha mẹ chung"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
 msgstr "đồng nghĩa với more=-1"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
 msgstr "chặn các chuỗi đặt tên"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
 msgid "include the current branch"
 msgstr "bao gồm nhánh hiện hành"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
 msgstr "đặt tên các lần chuyển giao bằng các tên của đối tượng của chúng"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
 msgstr "hiển thị m�i cơ sở có thể dùng để hòa trộn"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
 msgstr "hiển thị các tham chiếu không thể được đ�c bởi bất kỳ tham chiếu khác"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:670
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
 msgstr "hiển thị các lần chuyển giao theo thứ tự tôpô"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:672
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các lần chuyển giao không nằm trên nhánh đầu tiên"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:673
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
 msgstr "hiển thị các lần hòa trộn có thể đ�c được chỉ từ một đầu mút"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:675
 msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
 msgstr "hiển thị các lần chuyển giao nơi mà cha mẹ đến trước con của nó"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:677
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
 msgstr "<n>[,<cơ sở>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
 msgstr "hiển thị <n> các mục “ref-log� gần nhất kể từ n�n (base)"
 
@@ -8280,170 +8826,164 @@ msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
 msgstr "không thể thẩm tra thẻ “%s�"
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:249
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Write a tag message\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Viết các ghi chú cho (thẻ) tag\n"
-"# Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “#� sẽ được b� qua.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Viết các ghi chú cho (thẻ) tag\n"
+"Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “%c� sẽ được b� qua.\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:256
+#: builtin/tag.c:253
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"Write a tag message\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
 "want to.\n"
-"#\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Viết các ghi chú cho (thẻ) tag\n"
-"# Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “#� sẽ được b� qua; bạn có thể xóa chúng đi "
+"Viết các ghi chú cho (thẻ) tag\n"
+"Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “%c� sẽ được b� qua; bạn có thể xóa chúng đi "
 "nếu muốn.\n"
-"#\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:298
+#: builtin/tag.c:292
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr "không thể ký thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:300
+#: builtin/tag.c:294
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr "không thể ghi vào tập tin lưu thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:325
+#: builtin/tag.c:319
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr "kiểu đối tượng sai."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:338
+#: builtin/tag.c:332
 msgid "tag header too big."
 msgstr "đầu thẻ (tag) quá lớn."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:370
+#: builtin/tag.c:368
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr "không có thông điệp (message) cho thẻ (tag)?"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#: builtin/tag.c:374
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr "Nội dung ghi chú còn lại %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:425
+#: builtin/tag.c:423
 msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
 msgstr "chuyển đến “points-at� yêu cần một đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
 msgstr "tên đối tượng dị hình “%s�"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:447
+#: builtin/tag.c:445
 msgid "list tag names"
 msgstr "chỉ liệt kê tên các thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:449
+#: builtin/tag.c:447
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
 msgstr "hiển thị <n> dòng cho mỗi ghi chú"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:451
+#: builtin/tag.c:449
 msgid "delete tags"
 msgstr "xóa thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:452
+#: builtin/tag.c:450
 msgid "verify tags"
 msgstr "thẩm tra thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:454
+#: builtin/tag.c:452
 msgid "Tag creation options"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n tạo tag"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:456
+#: builtin/tag.c:454
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
 msgstr "để chú giải cho thẻ, cần một l�i ghi chú"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:458
+#: builtin/tag.c:456
 msgid "tag message"
 msgstr "tin nhắn cho thẻ (tag)"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:460
+#: builtin/tag.c:458
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
 msgstr "thẻ chú giải và ký kiểu GPG"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:464
+#: builtin/tag.c:462
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
 msgstr "dùng kháo khác để ký thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:465
+#: builtin/tag.c:463
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
 msgstr "thay thế nếu tag đó đã có trước"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:466
+#: builtin/tag.c:464
 msgid "show tag list in columns"
 msgstr "hiển thị danh sách thẻ trong các cột"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
+#: builtin/tag.c:466
 msgid "Tag listing options"
 msgstr "Các tùy ch�n liệt kê thẻ"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:471
+#: builtin/tag.c:469
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những nhánh mà nó chứa lần chuyển giao"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:477
+#: builtin/tag.c:475
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
 msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các thẻ của đối tượng"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:506
+#: builtin/tag.c:504
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column và -n xung khắc nhau"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:523
+#: builtin/tag.c:521
 msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "tùy ch�n -n chỉ cho phép dùng với -l."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:525
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
 msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "tùy ch�n --contains chỉ cho phép dùng với -l."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:527
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
 msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "tùy ch�n --points-at chỉ cho phép dùng với -l."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:535
+#: builtin/tag.c:533
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "chỉ có một tùy ch�n -F hoặc -m là được phép."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:555
+#: builtin/tag.c:553
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "quá nhi�u đối số"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#: builtin/tag.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr "“%s� không phải thẻ hợp lệ."
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#: builtin/tag.c:564
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr "Thẻ “%s� đã tồn tại rồi"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#: builtin/tag.c:582
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
 msgstr "%s: không thể khóa ref (tham chiếu)"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
 msgstr "%s: không thể cập nhật ref (tham chiếu)"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "�ã cập nhật thẻ “%s� (trước là %s)\n"
@@ -8625,23 +9165,29 @@ msgid "only useful for debugging"
 msgstr "chỉ hữu ích khi cần gỡ lỗi"
 
 #: git.c:16
-msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgid ""
+"'git help -a' and 'git help -g' lists available subcommands and some\n"
+"concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
+"to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
 msgstr ""
-"Chạy lệnh “git help <tên-lệnh>� để có thêm thông tin v� lệnh được chỉ ra."
+"“git help -a� và “git help -g� liệt kê các câu lệnh con sẵn có và một số\n"
+"hướng dẫn khái niệm cơ bản. Xem “git help <lệnh>� hay “git help <khái "
+"niệm>�\n"
+"để đ�c các đặc tả cho lệnh hay khái niệm đó."
 
 #: parse-options.h:156
 msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
 msgstr "no-op (tương thích ngược)"
 
-#: parse-options.h:228
+#: parse-options.h:232
 msgid "be more verbose"
 msgstr "chi tiết hơn nữa"
 
-#: parse-options.h:230
+#: parse-options.h:234
 msgid "be more quiet"
 msgstr "im lặng hơn nữa"
 
-#: parse-options.h:236
+#: parse-options.h:240
 msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
 msgstr "sử dụng <n> chữ số để hiển thị SHA-1s"
 
@@ -8684,7 +9230,7 @@ msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "In ra những dòng khớp với một mẫu"
 
 #: common-cmds.h:17
-msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
 msgstr ""
 "Tạo một kho git trống rỗng hay khởi tạo lại một kho đã tồn tại từ trước"
 
@@ -8824,8 +9370,7 @@ msgstr "Xin hãy rõ ràng. --skip hay --abort?"
 
 #: git-am.sh:509
 msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
-msgstr ""
-"Thao tác phân giải không đang được tiến hành, chúng ta không phục hồi lại."
+msgstr "Thao tác phân giải không được tiến hành, chúng ta không phục hồi lại."
 
 #: git-am.sh:575
 #, sh-format
@@ -9010,16 +9555,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "sai.\n"
 "(Bạn có thể sử dụng \"git bisect bad\" và \"git bisect good\" cho chúng.)"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+#: git-bisect.sh:363 git-bisect.sh:490
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr "Chúng tôi không bisect."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#: git-bisect.sh:370
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr "�$invalid� không phải là lần chuyển giao (commit) hợp lệ"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#: git-bisect.sh:379
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
@@ -9028,25 +9573,25 @@ msgstr ""
 "Không thể check-out HEAD nguyên thủy của “$branch�.\n"
 "Hãy thử “git bisect reset <lần-chuyển-giao>�."
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:390
+#: git-bisect.sh:406
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "Chưa chỉ ra tập tin ghi nhật ký"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#: git-bisect.sh:407
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr "không thể đ�c $file để thao diễn lại"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:408
+#: git-bisect.sh:424
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr "?? bạn đang nói gì thế?"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#: git-bisect.sh:436
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr "đang chạy lệnh $command"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:443
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -9055,11 +9600,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "chạy bisect gặp lỗi:\n"
 "mã trả v� $res từ lệnh “$command� là < 0 hoặc >= 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:453
+#: git-bisect.sh:469
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr "bisect không thể tiếp tục thêm được nữa"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#: git-bisect.sh:475
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -9068,7 +9613,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "chạy bisect gặp lỗi:\n"
 "�bisect_state $state� đã thoát ra với mã lỗi $res"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:466
+#: git-bisect.sh:482
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr "bisect chạy thành công"
 
@@ -9088,7 +9633,7 @@ msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
 msgstr ""
 "Full là không thể thực hiện bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa trộn."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:197
+#: git-pull.sh:203
 msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
 msgstr ""
 "đang cập nhật một nhánh chưa được sinh ra với các thay đổi được thêm vào "
@@ -9098,7 +9643,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
 #. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
 #. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
-#: git-pull.sh:229
+#: git-pull.sh:235
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
@@ -9109,11 +9654,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "Cảnh báo: đang fast-forward cây làm việc của bạn từ\n"
 "Cảnh báo: commit $orig_head."
 
-#: git-pull.sh:254
+#: git-pull.sh:260
 msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
 msgstr "Không thể hòa trộn nhi�u nhánh và trong một head trống rỗng"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:258
+#: git-pull.sh:264
 msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
 msgstr "Không thể thực hiện lệnh rebase (cơ cấu lại) trên nhi�u nhánh"
 
@@ -9379,41 +9924,41 @@ msgstr "Chưa chỉ ra tên của nhánh"
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr "(�ể phục hồi lại chúng hãy gõ \"git stash apply\")"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:89
+#: git-submodule.sh:91
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
 msgstr "không thể tháo b� một thành phần ra kh�i “$remoteurl� url"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:168
+#: git-submodule.sh:196
 #, sh-format
 msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 "Không tìm thấy ánh xạ (mapping) mô-đun-con trong .gitmodules cho đư�ng dẫn "
 "“$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:211
+#: git-submodule.sh:239
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
 msgstr "Nhân bản “$url� vào đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path� gặp lỗi"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:223
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
 msgstr ""
 "Gitdir “$a� là bộ phận của đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$b� hoặc \"vice versa\""
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:316
+#: git-submodule.sh:349
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr ""
 "repo URL: “$repo� phải là đư�ng dẫn tuyệt đối hoặc là bắt đầu bằng ./|../"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:333
+#: git-submodule.sh:366
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr "�$sm_path� thực sự đã tồn tại ở bảng mục lục rồi"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:337
+#: git-submodule.sh:370
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -9425,196 +9970,306 @@ msgstr ""
 "$sm_path\n"
 "Sử dụng -f nếu bạn thực sự muốn thêm nó vào."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:355
+#: git-submodule.sh:388
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
 msgstr "�ang thêm repo có sẵn tại “$sm_path� vào bảng mục lục"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:357
+#: git-submodule.sh:390
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr "�$sm_path� đã tồn tại từ trước và không phải là một kho git hợp lệ"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:365
+#: git-submodule.sh:398
 #, sh-format
 msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
 msgstr ""
-"Thư mục git cho '$sm_name' được tìm thấy một cách cục bộ với các máy chủ:"
+"Thư mục git cho “$sm_name� được tìm thấy một cách cục bộ với các máy chủ:"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:367
+#: git-submodule.sh:400
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
 msgstr "Nếu bạn muốn dùng lại thư mục git nội bộ này thay vì nhân bản từ nó"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:369
+#: git-submodule.sh:402
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
 msgstr ""
-"dùng tùy ch�n '--force'. Nếu thư mục git nội bộ không phải là repo (kho) đúng"
+"dùng tùy ch�n “--force�. Nếu thư mục git nội bộ không phải là repo (kho) đúng"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:370
+#: git-submodule.sh:403
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
 "option."
 msgstr ""
-"hay bạn không chắc chắn đi�u đó có nghĩa gì ch�n tên khác với tùy ch�n '--"
-"name'."
+"hay bạn không chắc chắn đi�u đó có nghĩa gì ch�n tên khác với tùy ch�n “--"
+"name�."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:372
+#: git-submodule.sh:405
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
 msgstr ""
-"Phục hồi sự hoạt động của thư mục git nội bộ cho mô-đun-con '$sm_name'."
+"Phục hồi sự hoạt động của thư mục git nội bộ cho mô-đun-con “$sm_name�."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:384
+#: git-submodule.sh:417
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Không thể checkout mô-đun con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:389
+#: git-submodule.sh:422
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi thêm mô-đun con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:394
+#: git-submodule.sh:431
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký với hệ thống mô-đun con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#: git-submodule.sh:474
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr "�ang nhập “$prefix$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:451
+#: git-submodule.sh:488
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
 msgstr "Dừng lại tại “$sm_path�; script trả v� trạng thái khác không."
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:495
+#: git-submodule.sh:532
 #, sh-format
 msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
 msgstr ""
 "Không tìm thấy url cho đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path� trong .gitmodules"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:504
+#: git-submodule.sh:541
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký url cho đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:506
+#: git-submodule.sh:543
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Mô-đun-con “$name� ($url) được đăng ký cho đư�ng dẫn “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:514
+#: git-submodule.sh:551
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
 "Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký chế độ cập nhật cho đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
 
+#: git-submodule.sh:588
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "Dùng “.� nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ b� m�i mô-đun-con"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:603
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule work tree '$sm_path' contains a .git directory"
+msgstr "Cây làm việc mô-đun-con “$sm_path� có chứa thư mục .git"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:604
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"(dùng “rm -rf� nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ b� nó cùng với tất cả lịch sử của "
+"chúng)"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '$sm_path' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
+"discard them"
+msgstr ""
+"Cây làm việc mô-đun-con “$sm_path� chứa các thay đổi nội bộ; hãy dùng “-f� "
+"để loại b� chúng đi"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:613
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Thư mục được d�n “$sm_path�"
+
 #: git-submodule.sh:614
 #, sh-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� cây làm việc mô-đun con “$sm_path�"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Không thể tạo thư mục mô-đun-con rỗng “$sm_path�"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:626
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Mô-đun-con “$name� ($url) được b� đăng ký cho đư�ng dẫn “$sm_path�"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:731
+#, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path' not initialized\n"
 "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
 msgstr ""
-"�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path� chưa được khởi tạo\n"
+"�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix$sm_path� chưa được khởi tạo\n"
 "Có lẽ bạn muốn sử dụng lệnh “update --init�?"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:627
+#: git-submodule.sh:744
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
-"Không tìm thấy điểm xét lại hiện hành trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
+"Không tìm thấy điểm xét lại hiện hành trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix"
+"$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#: git-submodule.sh:753
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "Không thể lấy v� (fetch) trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:660
+#: git-submodule.sh:777
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Không thể rebase “$sha1� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Không thể lấy v� (fetch) trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:661
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
-msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�: được rebase vào trong “$sha1�"
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Không thể rebase “$sha1� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:666
+#: git-submodule.sh:792
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix$sm_path�: được rebase vào trong “$sha1�"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:797
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr ""
-"Không thể hòa trộn (merge) “$sha1� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
+"Không thể hòa trộn (merge) “$sha1� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix"
+"$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:667
+#: git-submodule.sh:798
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
-msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�: được hòa trộn vào “$sha1�"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix$sm_path�: được hòa trộn vào “$sha1�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:672
+#: git-submodule.sh:803
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Không thể checkout “$sha1� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể checkout “$sha1� trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:673
+#: git-submodule.sh:804
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
-msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�: được checkout “$sha1�"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "�ư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix$sm_path�: được checkout “$sha1�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:695 git-submodule.sh:1017
+#: git-submodule.sh:831
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đệ quy vào trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đệ quy vào trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$prefix$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:803
+#: git-submodule.sh:939
 msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
 msgstr "Tùy ch�n --cached không thể dùng cùng với tùy ch�n --files"
 
 #. unexpected type
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#: git-submodule.sh:979
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
 msgstr "chế độ không như mong ch� $mod_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:861
+#: git-submodule.sh:997
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
 msgstr "  Cảnh báo: $name không chứa lần chuyển giao (commit) $sha1_src"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:864
+#: git-submodule.sh:1000
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
 msgstr "  Cảnh báo: $name không chứa lần chuyển giao (commit) $sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:867
+#: git-submodule.sh:1003
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr ""
 "  Cảnh báo: $name không chứa những lần chuyển giao (commit) $sha1_src và "
 "$sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:892
+#: git-submodule.sh:1028
 msgid "blob"
 msgstr "blob"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:930
-msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
-msgstr "# Các mô-đun-con đã bị thay đổi nhưng chưa được cập nhật:"
+#: git-submodule.sh:1066
+msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "Những mô-đun-con đã bị thay đổi nhưng chưa được cập nhật:"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1068
+msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Những mô-đun-con thay đổi đã được chuyển giao (commit):"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:932
-msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
-msgstr "# Những thay đổi mô-đun-con được chuyển giao (commit):"
+#: git-submodule.sh:1153
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đệ quy vào trong đư�ng dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1080
+#: git-submodule.sh:1216
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$prefix$sm_path'"
-msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho “$prefix$sm_path�"
+
+#~ msgid "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files.  'status -uno'"
+#~ msgstr "Cần %.2f giây để đếm các tập tin chưa được theo vết.  “status -uno�"
+
+#~ msgid "may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "có thể làm nó nhanh lên, nhưng bạn phải cẩn tr�ng đừng quên thêm nó vào"
+
+#~ msgid "new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+#~ msgstr "tập tin mới của chính bạn (xem “git help status�.."
+
+#~ msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+#~ msgstr "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+
+#~ msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Chạy lệnh “git help <tên-lệnh>� để có thêm thông tin v� lệnh được chỉ ra."
+
+#~ msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
+#~ msgstr "sử dụng bất kỳ ref nào trong .git/refs"
+
+#~ msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
+#~ msgstr "sử dụng bất kỳ thẻ nào trong .git/refs/tags"
+
+#~ msgid "bad object %s"
+#~ msgstr "đối tượng sai %s"
+
+#~ msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+#~ msgstr "thông tin ngư�i chuyển giao không có thực %s"
+
+#~ msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+#~ msgstr "không thể fdopen “show� (lệnh hiển thị) mô tả tập tin (fd) kết xuất"
+
+#~ msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đóng đư�ng ống cho lệnh “show� cho đối tượng “%s�"
+
+#~ msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+#~ msgstr "Bạn không có HEAD nào hợp lệ"
+
+#~ msgid "oops"
+#~ msgstr "ôi?"
+
+#~ msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "Không thể gỡ b� %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "Không xóa %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not read index"
+#~ msgstr "Không thể đ�c bảng mục lục"
 
 #~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
 #~ msgstr "git remote set-head <tên> (-a | -d | <nhánh>])"
diff --git a/po/zh_CN.po b/po/zh_CN.po
index 46d158f..ba757d9 100644
--- a/po/zh_CN.po
+++ b/po/zh_CN.po
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Chinese translations for Git package
 # Git 软件包的简体中文翻译.
-# Copyright (C) 2012 Jiang Xin <worldhello.net AT gmail.com>
+# Copyright (C) 2012,2013 Jiang Xin <worldhello.net AT gmail.com>
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
 # Contributers:
 #   - Jiang Xin <worldhello.net AT gmail.com>
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-09-15 10:21+0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-09-07 17:56+0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-04-30 08:25+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-04-12 09:23+0800\n"
 "Last-Translator: Jiang Xin <worldhello.net@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: GitHub <https://github.com/gotgit/git/>\n"
 "Language: zh_CN\n"
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
 
-#: advice.c:40
+#: advice.c:53
 #, c-format
 msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
 msgstr "�示：%.*s\n"
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ msgstr "�示：%.*s\n"
 #. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
 #. * other commands doing a merge do.
 #.
-#: advice.c:70
+#: advice.c:83
 msgid ""
 "Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
 "and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
@@ -43,93 +43,218 @@ msgstr ""
 "或使用 'git commit -a'。"
 
 #: archive.c:10
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [选项] <树或�交> [<路径>...]"
 
 #: archive.c:11
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git archive --list"
-msgstr "git archive：NACK %s"
+msgstr "git archive --list"
 
 #: archive.c:12
 msgid ""
 "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
 msgstr ""
+"git archive --remote <版本库> [--exec <命令>] [选项] <树或�交> [<路径>...]"
 
 #: archive.c:13
 msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git archive --remote <版本库> [--exec <命令>] --list"
 
-#: archive.c:322
+#: archive.c:323
 msgid "fmt"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "格�"
 
-#: archive.c:322
+#: archive.c:323
 msgid "archive format"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "归档格�"
 
-#: archive.c:323 builtin/log.c:1079
+#: archive.c:324 builtin/log.c:1126
 msgid "prefix"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�缀"
 
-#: archive.c:324
+#: archive.c:325
 msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "为归档中�个路径�加上�缀"
 
-#: archive.c:325 builtin/archive.c:91 builtin/blame.c:2332
-#: builtin/blame.c:2333 builtin/config.c:56 builtin/fast-export.c:642
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:644 builtin/grep.c:800 builtin/hash-object.c:77
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:494 builtin/ls-files.c:497 builtin/notes.c:537
-#: builtin/notes.c:694 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
+#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:88 builtin/blame.c:2371
+#: builtin/blame.c:2372 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:665
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:667 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:490 builtin/ls-files.c:493 builtin/notes.c:536
+#: builtin/notes.c:693 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
 msgid "file"
 msgstr "文件"
 
-#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:92
+#: archive.c:327 builtin/archive.c:89
 msgid "write the archive to this file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "归档写入此文件"
 
-#: archive.c:328
-#, fuzzy
+#: archive.c:329
 msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
-msgstr "%s：已�存在于工作区中"
+msgstr "读�工作区中的 .gitattributes"
 
-#: archive.c:329
+#: archive.c:330
 msgid "report archived files on stderr"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在标准错误上报告归档文件"
 
-#: archive.c:330
+#: archive.c:331
 msgid "store only"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�存储"
 
-#: archive.c:331
+#: archive.c:332
 msgid "compress faster"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "压缩速度更快"
 
-#: archive.c:339
+#: archive.c:340
 msgid "compress better"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "压缩效果更好"
 
-#: archive.c:342
+#: archive.c:343
 msgid "list supported archive formats"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "列出支�的归档格�"
 
-#: archive.c:344 builtin/archive.c:93 builtin/clone.c:85
+#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:90 builtin/clone.c:86
 msgid "repo"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "版本库"
 
-#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:94
+#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:91
 msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从远程版本库（<版本库>）��归档文件"
 
-#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:95 builtin/notes.c:616
-#, fuzzy
+#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:92 builtin/notes.c:615
 msgid "command"
-msgstr "�行 $command"
+msgstr "命令"
 
-#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:96
+#: archive.c:348 builtin/archive.c:93
 msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
+msgstr "远程 git-upload-archive 命令的路径"
+
+#: attr.c:259
+msgid ""
+"Negative patterns are ignored in git attributes\n"
+"Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
+msgstr ""
+"负值模版在 git attributes 中被忽略\n"
+"当字符串确实�以感��开始时，使用 '\\!'。"
+
+#: branch.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not setting branch %s as its own upstream."
+msgstr "未设置分支 %s 作为它自己的上游。"
+
+#: branch.c:82
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "分支 %1$s 设置为使用�基�跟踪�自 %3$s 的远程分支 %2$s。"
+
+#: branch.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s."
+msgstr "分支 %1$s 设置为跟踪�自 %3$s 的远程分支 %2$s。"
+
+#: branch.c:87
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "分支 %s 设置为使用�基�跟踪本地分支 %s。"
+
+#: branch.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s."
+msgstr "分支 %s 设置为跟踪本地分支 %s。"
+
+#: branch.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "分支 %s 设置为使用�基�跟踪远程引用 %s。"
+
+#: branch.c:93
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s."
+msgstr "分支 %s 设置为跟踪远程引用 %s。"
+
+#: branch.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing."
+msgstr "分支 %s 设置为使用�基�跟踪本地引用 %s。"
+
+#: branch.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s."
+msgstr "分支 %s 设置为跟踪本地引用 %s。"
+
+#: branch.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "Tracking not set up: name too long: %s"
+msgstr "跟踪未设置：�字太长：%s"
+
+#: branch.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s"
+msgstr "未跟踪：引用 %s 有歧义"
+
+#: branch.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' �是一个有效的分支�称。"
+
+#: branch.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "一个分支� '%s' 已�存在。"
+
+#: branch.c:195
+msgid "Cannot force update the current branch."
+msgstr "无法强制更新当�分支。"
+
+#: branch.c:201
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot setup tracking information; starting point '%s' is not a branch."
+msgstr "无法设置跟踪信�；起始点 '%s' �是一个分支。"
+
+#: branch.c:203
+#, c-format
+msgid "the requested upstream branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "请求的上游分支 '%s' �存在"
+
+#: branch.c:205
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream\n"
+"branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to\n"
+"run \"git fetch\" to retrieve it.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you are planning to push out a new local branch that\n"
+"will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use\n"
+"\"git push -u\" to set the upstream config as you push."
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"如果您正计划基于远程一个现存的上游分支开始你的工作，\n"
+"您�能需�执行 \"git fetch\" �获�分支。\n"
+"\n"
+"如果您正计划推�一个能与对应远程分支建立跟踪的新的本地分支，\n"
+"您�能需�使用 \"git push -u\" 推�分支并�置和上游的关�。"
+
+#: branch.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "�是一个有效的对象�：'%s'。"
+
+#: branch.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "Ambiguous object name: '%s'."
+msgstr "歧义的对象�：'%s'。"
+
+#: branch.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid branch point: '%s'."
+msgstr "无效的分支点：'%s'。"
+
+#: branch.c:281
+msgid "Failed to lock ref for update"
+msgstr "无法为更新�定引用"
+
+#: branch.c:299
+msgid "Failed to write ref"
+msgstr "�能写引用"
 
 #: bundle.c:36
 #, c-format
@@ -141,7 +266,7 @@ msgstr "'%s' ��是一个 v2 版本的包文件"
 msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
 msgstr "未能识别的包头：%s%s (%d)"
 
-#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:714
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:676
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s'"
 msgstr "�能打开 '%s'"
@@ -150,35 +275,35 @@ msgstr "�能打开 '%s'"
 msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
 msgstr "版本库缺少这些必备的�交："
 
-#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:557 sequencer.c:989 builtin/log.c:290
-#: builtin/log.c:727 builtin/log.c:1313 builtin/log.c:1529 builtin/merge.c:347
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:651 sequencer.c:1101 builtin/log.c:300
+#: builtin/log.c:770 builtin/log.c:1344 builtin/log.c:1570 builtin/merge.c:349
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:155
 msgid "revision walk setup failed"
 msgstr "版本�历设置失败"
 
 #: bundle.c:186
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
-msgstr[0] "这个包中�有 %d 个引用"
-msgstr[1] "这个包中�有 %d 个引用"
+msgid "The bundle contains this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "这个包中�有这个引用："
+msgstr[1] "这个包中�有 %d 个引用："
 
-#: bundle.c:192
+#: bundle.c:193
 msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
 msgstr "这个包记录一个完整历�。"
 
 #: bundle.c:195
 #, c-format
-msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
-msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
-msgstr[0] "这个包需�这个引用"
-msgstr[1] "这个包需� %d 个这些引用"
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref:"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs:"
+msgstr[0] "这个包需�这个引用："
+msgstr[1] "这个包需� %d 个引用："
 
 #: bundle.c:294
 msgid "rev-list died"
 msgstr "rev-list 终止"
 
-#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1209 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1255 builtin/shortlog.c:258
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
 msgstr "未能识别的�数：%s"
@@ -209,12 +334,12 @@ msgstr "�能创建 '%s'"
 msgid "index-pack died"
 msgstr "index-pack 终止"
 
-#: commit.c:48
+#: commit.c:50
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not parse %s"
 msgstr "�能解� %s"
 
-#: commit.c:50
+#: commit.c:52
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
 msgstr "%s %s �是一个�交!"
@@ -305,19 +430,24 @@ msgstr[0] "%lu 年�"
 msgstr[1] "%lu 年�"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: diff.c:105
+#: diff.c:112
 #, c-format
-msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%.*s'\n"
-msgstr "  无法解� dirstat 阈值 '%.*s'\n"
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  无法解� dirstat 截止（cut-off）百分比 '%s'\n"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: diff.c:110
+#: diff.c:117
 #, c-format
-msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%.*s'\n"
-msgstr "  未知 dirstat �数 '%.*s'\n"
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  未知的 dirstat �数 '%s'\n"
 
 #: diff.c:210
 #, c-format
+msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
+msgstr "�置�� 'diff.submodule' 未知的�值：'%s'"
+
+#: diff.c:260
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
 "%s"
@@ -325,32 +455,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "�现�置�� 'diff.dirstat' 中的错误：\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: diff.c:1401
-msgid " 0 files changed"
-msgstr " 0 个文件被修改"
-
-#: diff.c:1405
-#, c-format
-msgid " %d file changed"
-msgid_plural " %d files changed"
-msgstr[0] " %d 个文件被修改"
-msgstr[1] " %d 个文件被修改"
-
-#: diff.c:1422
-#, c-format
-msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
-msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
-msgstr[0] "，�入 %d 行(+)"
-msgstr[1] "，�入 %d 行(+)"
-
-#: diff.c:1433
-#, c-format
-msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
-msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
-msgstr[0] "，删除 %d 行(-)"
-msgstr[1] "，删除 %d 行(-)"
-
-#: diff.c:3460
+#: diff.c:3481
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
@@ -359,7 +464,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "无法解� --dirstat/-X 选项的�数：\n"
 "%s"
 
-#: gpg-interface.c:59
+#: diff.c:3495
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
+msgstr "无法解� --submodule 选项的�数：'%s'"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:59 gpg-interface.c:131
 msgid "could not run gpg."
 msgstr "�能执行 gpg。"
 
@@ -371,17 +481,27 @@ msgstr "gpg 没有接�数�"
 msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
 msgstr "gpg 无法为数�签�"
 
-#: grep.c:1320
+#: gpg-interface.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create temporary file '%s': %s"
+msgstr "�能创建临时文件 '%s'：%s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:118
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed writing detached signature to '%s': %s"
+msgstr "无法将分离�签�写入 '%s'：%s"
+
+#: grep.c:1623
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
 msgstr "'%s'：无法读� %s"
 
-#: grep.c:1337
+#: grep.c:1640
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': %s"
 msgstr "'%s'：%s"
 
-#: grep.c:1348
+#: grep.c:1651
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': short read %s"
 msgstr "'%s'：读��完整 %s"
@@ -395,7 +515,11 @@ msgstr "在 '%s' 下�用的 git 命令"
 msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
 msgstr "在 $PATH 路径中的其他地方�用的 git 命令"
 
-#: help.c:275
+#: help.c:235
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr "最常用的 git 命令有："
+
+#: help.c:292
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
@@ -404,11 +528,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s' �是一个 git 命令，但�无法�行。\n"
 "�能是 git-%s ��？"
 
-#: help.c:332
+#: help.c:349
 msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
 msgstr "唉呀，您的系统中未�现 Git 命令。"
 
-#: help.c:354
+#: help.c:371
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
@@ -417,17 +541,17 @@ msgstr ""
 "警告：您�行一个�存在的 Git 命令 '%s'。继续执行�定您���行的\n"
 "是 '%s'"
 
-#: help.c:359
+#: help.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
 msgstr "在 %0.1f 秒钟�自动�行..."
 
-#: help.c:366
+#: help.c:383
 #, c-format
 msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
 msgstr "git：'%s' �是一个 git 命令。�� 'git --help'。"
 
-#: help.c:370
+#: help.c:387
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Did you mean this?"
@@ -441,6 +565,15 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "您指的是这其中的�一个么？"
 
+#: merge.c:56
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr "无法读�缓存"
+
+#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:365 builtin/checkout.c:566
+#: builtin/clone.c:645
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "无法写新的索引文件"
+
 #: merge-recursive.c:190
 #, c-format
 msgid "(bad commit)\n"
@@ -484,9 +617,9 @@ msgstr "�能读�对象 %s '%s'"
 #: merge-recursive.c:750
 #, c-format
 msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
-msgstr "%s '%s' 应为二进制对象（blob）"
+msgstr "%s '%s' 应为数�（blob）对象"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:302
+#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:313
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to open '%s'"
 msgstr "无法打开 '%s'"
@@ -568,7 +701,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #: merge-recursive.c:1248
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
-msgstr "而是�命� %s 至 %s 以� %s 至 %s"
+msgstr "而是�命� %s 至 %s，以� %s 至 %s"
 
 #: merge-recursive.c:1447
 #, c-format
@@ -593,7 +726,7 @@ msgstr "�能读�对象 %s"
 #: merge-recursive.c:1516
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s is not a blob"
-msgstr "对象 %s �是一个二进制对象（blob）"
+msgstr "对象 %s �是一个数�（blob）对象"
 
 #: merge-recursive.c:1564
 msgid "modify"
@@ -621,7 +754,7 @@ msgstr "略过 %s（已��过相��并）"
 msgid "Auto-merging %s"
 msgstr "自动�并 %s"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:869
+#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:1029
 msgid "submodule"
 msgstr "�模组"
 
@@ -691,40 +824,63 @@ msgstr "�并未返回�交"
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
 msgstr "�能解�对象 '%s'"
 
-#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:696
+#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:658
 msgid "Unable to write index."
 msgstr "�能写入索引。"
 
-#: parse-options.c:494
+#: object.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse object: %s"
+msgstr "�能解�对象：%s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:489
 msgid "..."
 msgstr "..."
 
-#: parse-options.c:512
+#: parse-options.c:507
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s"
 msgstr "用法：%s"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
 #. one in "usage: %s" translation
-#: parse-options.c:516
+#: parse-options.c:511
 #, c-format
 msgid "   or: %s"
 msgstr "  或：%s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: parse-options.c:519
+#: parse-options.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "    %s"
 msgstr "    %s"
 
-#: remote.c:1632
+#: parse-options.c:548
+msgid "-NUM"
+msgstr "-æ•°å­—"
+
+#: pathspec.c:83
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "路径 '%s' 属于模组 '%.*s'"
+
+#: pathspec.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "'%s' �于符�链接中"
+
+#: remote.c:1781
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
 msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
 msgstr[0] "您的分支领先 '%s' 共 %d 个�交。\n"
 msgstr[1] "您的分支领先 '%s' 共 %d 个�交。\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1638
+#: remote.c:1787
+msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git push\" ��布您的本地�交）\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1790
 #, c-format
 msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
 msgid_plural ""
@@ -732,7 +888,12 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] "您的分支�� '%s' 共 %d 个�交，并且�以快进。\n"
 msgstr[1] "您的分支�� '%s' 共 %d 个�交，并且�以快进。\n"
 
-#: remote.c:1646
+#  译者：注����导空格
+#: remote.c:1798
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git pull\" �更新您的本地分支）\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1801
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
@@ -747,19 +908,24 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "您的分支和 '%s' 出现了�离，\n"
 "并且分别有 %d 和 %d 处��的�交。\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:121 builtin/merge.c:864 builtin/merge.c:977
-#: builtin/merge.c:1087 builtin/merge.c:1097
+#  译者：注����导空格
+#: remote.c:1811
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git pull\" ��并远程分支）\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:206 builtin/merge.c:776 builtin/merge.c:889 builtin/merge.c:999
+#: builtin/merge.c:1009
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
 msgstr "�能为写入打开 '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:867
-#: builtin/merge.c:1089 builtin/merge.c:1102
+#: sequencer.c:208 builtin/merge.c:335 builtin/merge.c:779
+#: builtin/merge.c:1001 builtin/merge.c:1014
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
 msgstr "�能写入 '%s'"
 
-#: sequencer.c:144
+#: sequencer.c:229
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
@@ -767,7 +933,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "冲�解决完毕�，用 'git add <paths>' 或 'git rm <paths>'\n"
 "命令标记修正�的文件"
 
-#: sequencer.c:147
+#: sequencer.c:232
 msgid ""
 "after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
@@ -776,247 +942,258 @@ msgstr ""
 "冲�解决完毕�，用 'git add <paths>' 或 'git rm <paths>'\n"
 "对修正�的文件�标记，然�用 'git commit' �交"
 
-#: sequencer.c:160 sequencer.c:765 sequencer.c:848
+#: sequencer.c:245 sequencer.c:859 sequencer.c:942
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not write to %s"
 msgstr "�能写入 %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:163
+#: sequencer.c:248
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
 msgstr "错误收尾 %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:178
+#: sequencer.c:263
 msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
 msgstr "您的本地修改将被拣选�作覆盖。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:180
+#: sequencer.c:265
 msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
 msgstr "您的本地修改将被还原�作覆盖。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:183
+#: sequencer.c:268
 msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
 msgstr "�交您的修改或�存进度��继续。"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
-#: sequencer.c:233
+#: sequencer.c:319
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "%s：无法写入新索引文件"
 
-#: sequencer.c:261
+#: sequencer.c:350
 msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
 msgstr "�能解� HEAD �交\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:282
+#: sequencer.c:371
 msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
 msgstr "�能更新缓存\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:327
+#: sequencer.c:416
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
 msgstr "�能解��交 %s\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:332
+#: sequencer.c:421
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
 msgstr "�能解�父�交 %s\n"
 
-#: sequencer.c:398
+#: sequencer.c:487
 msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
 msgstr "您的索引文件未完��并。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:401
-msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
-msgstr "您没有一个有效的 HEAD"
-
-#: sequencer.c:416
+#: sequencer.c:506
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
 msgstr "�交 %s 是一个�并�交但未�供 -m 选项。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:424
+#: sequencer.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
 msgstr "�交 %s 没有父�交 %d"
 
-#: sequencer.c:428
+#: sequencer.c:518
 #, c-format
 msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
 msgstr "指定了主线但�交 %s �是一个�并。"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
 #. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
-#: sequencer.c:439
+#: sequencer.c:531
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
 msgstr "%s：�能解�父�交 %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:443
+#: sequencer.c:535
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
 msgstr "�能得到 %s 的�交说明"
 
-#: sequencer.c:527
+#: sequencer.c:621
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
 msgstr "�能还原 %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:528
+#: sequencer.c:622
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
 msgstr "�能应用 %s... %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:560
+#: sequencer.c:654
 msgid "empty commit set passed"
 msgstr "�供了空的�交集"
 
-#: sequencer.c:568
+#: sequencer.c:662
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
 msgstr "git %s：无法读�索引"
 
-#: sequencer.c:573
+#: sequencer.c:667
 #, c-format
 msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
 msgstr "git %s：无法刷新索引"
 
-#: sequencer.c:631
+#: sequencer.c:725
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
 msgstr "无法 %s 在一个 %s 过程中"
 
-#: sequencer.c:653
+#: sequencer.c:747
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse line %d."
 msgstr "�能解�第 %d 行。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:658
+#: sequencer.c:752
 msgid "No commits parsed."
 msgstr "没有�交被解�。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:671
+#: sequencer.c:765
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open %s"
 msgstr "�能打开 %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:675
+#: sequencer.c:769
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read %s."
 msgstr "�能读� %s。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:682
+#: sequencer.c:776
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
 msgstr "无用的指令表�：%s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:710
+#: sequencer.c:804
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid key: %s"
 msgstr "无效键�：%s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:713
+#: sequencer.c:807
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
 msgstr "%s 的值无效：%s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:725
+#: sequencer.c:819
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
 msgstr "�法的选项表�：%s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:746
+#: sequencer.c:840
 msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
 msgstr "一个拣选或还原�作已在进行"
 
-#: sequencer.c:747
+#: sequencer.c:841
 msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 msgstr "�试 \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
 
-#: sequencer.c:751
+#: sequencer.c:845
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
 msgstr "�能创建�列目录 %s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:767 sequencer.c:852
+#: sequencer.c:861 sequencer.c:946
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
 msgstr "错误收尾 %s。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:786 sequencer.c:920
+#: sequencer.c:880 sequencer.c:1014
 msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
 msgstr "拣选或还原�作并未进行"
 
-#: sequencer.c:788
+#: sequencer.c:882
 msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
 msgstr "�能解� HEAD"
 
-#: sequencer.c:790
+#: sequencer.c:884
 msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "�能从尚未建立的分支终止"
 
-#: sequencer.c:812 builtin/apply.c:4005
+#: sequencer.c:906 builtin/apply.c:4060
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
 msgstr "�能打开 %s：%s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:815
+#: sequencer.c:909
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
 msgstr "�能读� %s：%s"
 
-#: sequencer.c:816
+#: sequencer.c:910
 msgid "unexpected end of file"
 msgstr "�外的文件结�"
 
-#: sequencer.c:822
+#: sequencer.c:916
 #, c-format
 msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
 msgstr "�存拣选�交�的 HEAD 文件 '%s' ��"
 
-#: sequencer.c:845
+#: sequencer.c:939
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not format %s."
 msgstr "�能格�化 %s。"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1007
+#: sequencer.c:1083
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"
+msgstr "%s：�能拣选一个%s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1085
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: bad revision"
+msgstr "%s：错误的版本"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1119
 msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
 msgstr "�能作为�始�交还原"
 
-#: sequencer.c:1008
+#: sequencer.c:1120
 msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
 msgstr "�能拣选到空分支"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1044
+#: sha1_name.c:1036
 msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
 msgstr "HEAD 没有指�一个分支"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1047
+#: sha1_name.c:1039
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
 msgstr "没有此分支：'%s'"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1049
+#: sha1_name.c:1041
 #, c-format
 msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
 msgstr "尚未给分支 '%s' 设置上游"
 
-#: sha1_name.c:1052
+#: sha1_name.c:1044
 #, c-format
 msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
 msgstr "上游分支 '%s' 没有存储为一个远程跟踪分支"
 
 #: wrapper.c:408
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
 msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
-msgstr "�能创建 '%s'"
+msgstr "�能访问 '%s'：%s"
 
-#: wrapper.c:426
+#: wrapper.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s'"
+msgstr "�能访问 '%s'"
+
+#: wrapper.c:434
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
-msgstr "无法在 passwd 文件中查询到该用户：%s"
+msgstr "无法在�令文件中查询到当�用户：%s"
 
-#: wrapper.c:427
+#: wrapper.c:435
 msgid "no such user"
 msgstr "无此用户"
 
@@ -1133,437 +1310,555 @@ msgid "untracked content, "
 msgstr "未跟踪的内容, "
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: wt-status.c:303
+#: wt-status.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "new file:   %s"
 msgstr "新文件：    %s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: wt-status.c:306
+#: wt-status.c:309
 #, c-format
 msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
 msgstr "拷�：      %s -> %s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: wt-status.c:309
+#: wt-status.c:312
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleted:    %s"
 msgstr "删除：      %s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: wt-status.c:312
+#: wt-status.c:315
 #, c-format
 msgid "modified:   %s"
 msgstr "修改：      %s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: wt-status.c:315
+#: wt-status.c:318
 #, c-format
 msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
 msgstr "�命�：    %s -> %s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: wt-status.c:318
+#: wt-status.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "typechange: %s"
 msgstr "类型�更：  %s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: wt-status.c:321
+#: wt-status.c:324
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown:    %s"
 msgstr "未知：      %s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: wt-status.c:324
+#: wt-status.c:327
 #, c-format
 msgid "unmerged:   %s"
 msgstr "未�并：    %s"
 
-#: wt-status.c:327
+#: wt-status.c:330
 #, c-format
 msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
 msgstr "bug：未处�的差异状� %c"
 
-#: wt-status.c:785
+#: wt-status.c:803
 msgid "You have unmerged paths."
 msgstr "您有尚未�并的路径。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:788 wt-status.c:912
+#: wt-status.c:806 wt-status.c:958
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  （解决冲�并�行 \"git commit\"）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:791
+#: wt-status.c:809
 msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
 msgstr "所有冲�已解决但您�处于�并中。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:794
+#: wt-status.c:812
 msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git commit\" 结��并）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:804
+#: wt-status.c:822
 msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
 msgstr "您正处于一个 am 过程中。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:807
+#: wt-status.c:825
 msgid "The current patch is empty."
 msgstr "当�的补�为空。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:811
+#: wt-status.c:829
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
 msgstr "  （解决冲�，然��行 \"git am --resolved\"）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:813
+#: wt-status.c:831
 msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git am --skip\" 跳过此补�）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:815
+#: wt-status.c:833
 msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git am --abort\" ��原有分支）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:873 wt-status.c:883
+#: wt-status.c:893 wt-status.c:910
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "您正在将分支 '%s' �基到 '%s'。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:898 wt-status.c:915
 msgid "You are currently rebasing."
 msgstr "您正在�基。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:876
+#: wt-status.c:901
 msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （解决冲�，然��行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:878
+#: wt-status.c:903
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git rebase --skip\" 跳过此补�）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:880
+#: wt-status.c:905
 msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git rebase --abort\" 以检出原有分支）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:886
+#: wt-status.c:918
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （所有冲�已解决：�行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:888
+#: wt-status.c:922
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "您正在将分支 '%s' �基到 '%s' 过程中拆分一个�交。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:927
 msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "您正在�基过程中拆分一个�交。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:891
+#: wt-status.c:930
 msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
 msgstr "  （一旦您工作目录�交干净�，�行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:893
+#: wt-status.c:934
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."
+msgstr "您正在将分支 '%s' �基到 '%s' 过程中编辑一个�交。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:939
 msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
 msgstr "您正在�基过程中编辑一个�交。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:896
+#: wt-status.c:942
 msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git commit --amend\" 修补当��交）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:898
+#: wt-status.c:944
 msgid ""
 "  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
 msgstr "  （当您对您的修改满��执行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:908
+#: wt-status.c:954
 msgid "You are currently cherry-picking."
 msgstr "您正在�拣选�作。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:915
+#: wt-status.c:961
 msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
 msgstr "  （解决所有冲��，执行 \"git commit\"）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:924
+#: wt-status.c:970
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently reverting commit %s."
+msgstr "您正在�转�交 %s 。"
+
+#  译者：注����导空格
+#: wt-status.c:975
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  （解决冲�并�行 \"git revert --continue\"）"
+
+#  译者：注����导空格
+#: wt-status.c:978
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"
+msgstr "  （所有冲�已解决：�行 \"git revert --continue\"）"
+
+#  译者：注����导空格
+#: wt-status.c:980
+msgid "  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git revert --abort\" 以�消�转�交�作）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."
+msgstr "您正在从分支 '%s' 开始�二分查找。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:995
 msgid "You are currently bisecting."
 msgstr "您正在�二分查找。"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: wt-status.c:927
+#: wt-status.c:998
 msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
 msgstr "  （使用 \"git bisect reset\" 以回到原有分支）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:978
+#: wt-status.c:1173
 msgid "On branch "
 msgstr "�于分支 "
 
-#: wt-status.c:985
+#: wt-status.c:1184
+msgid "HEAD detached at "
+msgstr "头指针分离于 "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1186
+msgid "HEAD detached from "
+msgstr "头指针分离自 "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1189
 msgid "Not currently on any branch."
 msgstr "当��在任何分支上。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:997
+#: wt-status.c:1206
 msgid "Initial commit"
 msgstr "�始�交"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1011
-#, fuzzy
+#: wt-status.c:1220
 msgid "Untracked files"
-msgstr "未跟踪的"
+msgstr "未跟踪的文件"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1013
-#, fuzzy
+#: wt-status.c:1222
 msgid "Ignored files"
-msgstr "忽略的"
+msgstr "忽略的文件"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1226
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
+"may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
+"new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+msgstr ""
+"耗费了 %.2f 秒以枚举未跟踪的文件。'status -uno' 也许能�高速度，\n"
+"但您需��心��忘了添加新文件（�� 'git help status'）。"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1015
+#: wt-status.c:1232
 #, c-format
 msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
 msgstr "未跟踪的文件没有列出%s"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1017
+#: wt-status.c:1234
 msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
 msgstr "（使用 -u �数显示未跟踪的文件）"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1023
+#: wt-status.c:1240
 msgid "No changes"
 msgstr "没有修改"
 
-#  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1028
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: wt-status.c:1245
+#, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
-msgstr "（使用 \"git add\" 和/或 \"git commit -a\"）"
+msgstr "修改尚未加入�交（使用 \"git add\" 和/或 \"git commit -a\"）\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1031
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: wt-status.c:1248
+#, c-format
 msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
-msgstr "修改尚未加入�交%s\n"
+msgstr "修改尚未加入�交\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1034
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: wt-status.c:1251
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
 "track)\n"
-msgstr "空�交但存在未跟踪文件%s\n"
+msgstr "�交为空，但是存在尚未跟踪的文件（使用 \"git add\" 建立跟踪）\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1037
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: wt-status.c:1254
+#, c-format
 msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
-msgstr "空�交但存在未跟踪文件%s\n"
+msgstr "�交为空，但是存在尚未跟踪的文件\n"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1040
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: wt-status.c:1257
+#, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
-msgstr "（新建/拷�的文件使用 \"git add\" 建立跟踪）"
+msgstr "无文件��交（创建/拷�文件并使用 \"git add\" 建立跟踪）\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1043 wt-status.c:1048
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: wt-status.c:1260 wt-status.c:1265
+#, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit\n"
-msgstr "无须�交%s\n"
+msgstr "无文件��交\n"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1046
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: wt-status.c:1263
+#, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
-msgstr "（使用 -u 显示未跟踪文件）"
+msgstr "无文件��交（使用 -u 显示未跟踪的文件）\n"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: wt-status.c:1050
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: wt-status.c:1267
+#, c-format
 msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
-msgstr "（干净的工作区）"
+msgstr "无文件��交，干净的工作区\n"
 
-#: wt-status.c:1158
+#: wt-status.c:1375
 msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
 msgstr "HEAD（�分支）"
 
 #  译者：注����尾空格
-#: wt-status.c:1164
+#: wt-status.c:1381
 msgid "Initial commit on "
 msgstr "�始�交于 "
 
 #  译者：注����尾空格
-#: wt-status.c:1179
+#: wt-status.c:1396
 msgid "behind "
 msgstr "�� "
 
 #  译者：注����尾空格
-#: wt-status.c:1182 wt-status.c:1185
+#: wt-status.c:1399 wt-status.c:1402
 msgid "ahead "
 msgstr "领先 "
 
 #  译者：注����尾空格
-#: wt-status.c:1187
+#: wt-status.c:1404
 msgid ", behind "
 msgstr "，�� "
 
-#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:341
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
 msgstr "无法删除 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:19
-#, fuzzy
-msgid "git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+#: builtin/add.c:20
+msgid "git add [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git add [选项] [--] <路径匹�>..."
+
+#  译者：字符串首行行首�添加“warning: �字串，故此首行�较其余行短
+#.
+#. * To be consistent with "git add -p" and most Git
+#. * commands, we should default to being tree-wide, but
+#. * this is not the original behavior and can't be
+#. * changed until users trained themselves not to type
+#. * "git add -u" or "git add -A". For now, we warn and
+#. * keep the old behavior. Later, the behavior can be changed
+#. * to tree-wide, keeping the warning for a while, and
+#. * eventually we can drop the warning.
+#.
+#: builtin/add.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The behavior of 'git add %s (or %s)' with no path argument from a\n"
+"subdirectory of the tree will change in Git 2.0 and should not be used "
+"anymore.\n"
+"To add content for the whole tree, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s :/\n"
+"  (or git add %s :/)\n"
+"\n"
+"To restrict the command to the current directory, run:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s .\n"
+"  (or git add %s .)\n"
+"\n"
+"With the current Git version, the command is restricted to the current "
+"directory.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"在 Git 2.0 版本，�于一个�目录下�带任何路径�数地执行命令\n"
+"'git add %s (或 %s)' 的行为将被改�，���继续使用了。\n"
+"如果�添加整个目录树的内容，执行：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s :/\n"
+"  (或 git add %s :/)\n"
+"\n"
+"如果��制该命令�作用于当�目录，执行：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git add %s .\n"
+"  (或 git add %s .)\n"
+"\n"
+"对于当�版本的 Git，这�命令�作用于当�目录。\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You ran 'git add' with neither '-A (--all)' or '--ignore-removal',\n"
+"whose behaviour will change in Git 2.0 with respect to paths you removed.\n"
+"Paths like '%s' that are\n"
+"removed from your working tree are ignored with this version of Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>', which is the current default,\n"
+"  ignores paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --all <pathspec>' will let you also record the removals.\n"
+"\n"
+"Run 'git status' to check the paths you removed from your working tree.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"您在�行 'git add' 时没有指定 '-A (--all)' 或 '--ignore-removal'，\n"
+"针对其中本地移除路径的行为将在 Git 2.0 版本库�生�化。\n"
+"�本地工作区移除的路径 '%s'\n"
+"在此版本的 Git 中被忽略。\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --ignore-removal <pathspec>'，是当�版本的默认�作，\n"
+"  忽略您本地工作区中移除的文件。\n"
+"\n"
+"* 'git add --all <pathspec>' 将让您�时对删除�作进行记录。\n"
+"\n"
+"�行 'git status' �检查您本地工作区中移除的路径。\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:62
+#: builtin/add.c:144
 #, c-format
 msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
 msgstr "�外的差异状� %c"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:229
+#: builtin/add.c:149 builtin/commit.c:233
 msgid "updating files failed"
 msgstr "更新文件失败"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:77
+#: builtin/add.c:163
 #, c-format
 msgid "remove '%s'\n"
 msgstr "删除 '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:176
-#, c-format
-msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
-msgstr "路径 '%s' 属于模组 '%.*s'"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:192
+#: builtin/add.c:253
 msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
 msgstr "刷新索引之�尚未被暂存的�更："
 
-#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:460 builtin/rm.c:186
+#: builtin/add.c:256 builtin/add.c:572 builtin/rm.c:275
 #, c-format
 msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 未匹�任何文件"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:209
-#, c-format
-msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
-msgstr "'%s' �于符�链接中"
-
-#: builtin/add.c:276
+#: builtin/add.c:339
 msgid "Could not read the index"
 msgstr "�能读�索引"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:286
+#: builtin/add.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
 msgstr "�能打开 '%s' 以写入。"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:290
+#: builtin/add.c:353
 msgid "Could not write patch"
 msgstr "�能生�补�"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:295
+#: builtin/add.c:358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
 msgstr "�能查看文件状� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:297
+#: builtin/add.c:360
 msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
 msgstr "空补�。异常终止。"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:303
+#: builtin/add.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
 msgstr "�能应用 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:313
+#: builtin/add.c:376
 msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
 msgstr "下列路径根�您的一个 .gitignore 文件而被忽略：\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:319 builtin/clean.c:52 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
-#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:388 builtin/remote.c:1253
-#: builtin/rm.c:133
+#: builtin/add.c:393 builtin/clean.c:161 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:425 builtin/remote.c:1253
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
 msgid "dry run"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "演习"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:320 builtin/apply.c:4354 builtin/commit.c:1187
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:82 builtin/fsck.c:613 builtin/log.c:1477
-#: builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
+#: builtin/add.c:394 builtin/apply.c:4409 builtin/check-ignore.c:19
+#: builtin/commit.c:1152 builtin/count-objects.c:95 builtin/fsck.c:613
+#: builtin/log.c:1518 builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
 msgid "be verbose"
 msgstr "冗长输出"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:322
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/add.c:396
 msgid "interactive picking"
-msgstr "交互�添加失败"
+msgstr "交互�拣选"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:323 builtin/checkout.c:1028 builtin/reset.c:248
+#: builtin/add.c:397 builtin/checkout.c:1063 builtin/reset.c:258
 msgid "select hunks interactively"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "交互�挑选数��"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:324
+#: builtin/add.c:398
 msgid "edit current diff and apply"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "编辑当�差异并应用"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:325
+#: builtin/add.c:399
 msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�许添加忽略的文件"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:326
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/add.c:400
 msgid "update tracked files"
-msgstr "无法存储包文件"
+msgstr "更新已跟踪的文件"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:327
+#: builtin/add.c:401
 msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�记录，该路径���添加"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:328
+#: builtin/add.c:402
 msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加所有改�的已跟踪文件和未跟踪文件"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:329
-#, fuzzy
+#. takes no arguments
+#: builtin/add.c:405
+msgid "ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)"
+msgstr "忽略工作区中移除的路径（和 --no-all 相�）"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:407
 msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
-msgstr "git %s：无法刷新索引"
+msgstr "�添加，�刷新索引"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:330
+#: builtin/add.c:408
 msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "跳过因出错�能添加的文件"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:331
+#: builtin/add.c:409
 msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "检查在演习模�下文件（�使�存在）是�被忽略"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:353
+#: builtin/add.c:431
 #, c-format
 msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
 msgstr "使用 -f �数如果您确实�添加它们。\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:354
+#: builtin/add.c:432
 msgid "no files added"
 msgstr "没有文件被添加"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:360
+#: builtin/add.c:438
 msgid "adding files failed"
 msgstr "添加文件失败"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:392
+#: builtin/add.c:477
 msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
 msgstr "-A 和 -u 选项互斥"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:394
+#: builtin/add.c:495
 msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
 msgstr "选项 --ignore-missing �能和 --dry-run �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:414
+#: builtin/add.c:525
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
 msgstr "没有指定文件，也没有文件被添加。\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:415
+#: builtin/add.c:526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
 msgstr "也许您想�执行 'git add .'？\n"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:421 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:289 builtin/mv.c:82
-#: builtin/rm.c:162
+#: builtin/add.c:532 builtin/check-ignore.c:66 builtin/clean.c:204
+#: builtin/commit.c:293 builtin/mv.c:82 builtin/rm.c:235
 msgid "index file corrupt"
 msgstr "索引文件��"
 
-#: builtin/add.c:481 builtin/apply.c:4450 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:260
+#: builtin/add.c:604 builtin/apply.c:4505 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
 msgid "Unable to write new index file"
 msgstr "无法写入新索引文件"
 
@@ -1616,17 +1911,17 @@ msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行上旧文件��一致"
 msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
 msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行处应为 /dev/null"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1420
+#: builtin/apply.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
 msgstr "recount：�外的行：%.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1477
+#: builtin/apply.c:1479
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr "第 %d 行的补�片段没有头信�：%.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1494
+#: builtin/apply.c:1496
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
@@ -1637,82 +1932,78 @@ msgid_plural ""
 msgstr[0] "当移除 %d 个�导路径� git diff 头缺�文件�信�（第 %d 行）"
 msgstr[1] "当移除 %d 个�导路径� git diff 头缺�文件�信�（第 %d 行）"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1654
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
 msgid "new file depends on old contents"
 msgstr "新文件�赖旧内容"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+#: builtin/apply.c:1658
 msgid "deleted file still has contents"
 msgstr "删除的文件�有内容"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1682
+#: builtin/apply.c:1684
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
 msgstr "补�在第 %d 行��"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1718
+#: builtin/apply.c:1720
 #, c-format
 msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
 msgstr "新文件 %s �赖旧内容"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1720
+#: builtin/apply.c:1722
 #, c-format
 msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
 msgstr "删除的文件 %s �有内容"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#: builtin/apply.c:1725
 #, c-format
 msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
 msgstr "** 警告：文件 %s �为空文件但并未删除"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1869
+#: builtin/apply.c:1871
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
 msgstr "二进制补�在第 %d 行��：%.*s"
 
 #. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
-#: builtin/apply.c:1898
+#: builtin/apply.c:1900
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
 msgstr "未能识别的二进制补��于第 %d 行"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:1984
+#: builtin/apply.c:1986
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
 msgstr "补�文件的第 %d 行�有垃圾数�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2074
+#: builtin/apply.c:2076
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
 msgstr "无法读�符�链接 %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2078
+#: builtin/apply.c:2080
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to open or read %s"
 msgstr "�能打开或读� %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2149
-msgid "oops"
-msgstr "å“Žå“Ÿ"
-
-#: builtin/apply.c:2671
+#: builtin/apply.c:2688
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
 msgstr "无效的行首字符：'%c'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2789
+#: builtin/apply.c:2806
 #, c-format
 msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
 msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
-msgstr[0] "� #%d �功应用于 %d (�移 %d 行）"
-msgstr[1] "� #%d �功应用于 %d (�移 %d 行）"
+msgstr[0] "� #%d �功应用于 %d（�移 %d 行）"
+msgstr[1] "� #%d �功应用于 %d（�移 %d 行）"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2801
+#: builtin/apply.c:2818
 #, c-format
 msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
 msgstr "上下文�少到（%ld/%ld）以在第 %d 行应用补�片段"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2807
+#: builtin/apply.c:2824
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "while searching for:\n"
@@ -1721,319 +2012,318 @@ msgstr ""
 "当查询：\n"
 "%.*s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2826
+#: builtin/apply.c:2843
 #, c-format
 msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
 msgstr "缺失 '%s' 的二进制补�数�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2929
+#: builtin/apply.c:2946
 #, c-format
 msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
 msgstr "二进制补�未应用到 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2935
+#: builtin/apply.c:2952
 #, c-format
 msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
 msgstr "到 '%s' 的二进制补�产生了�正确的结果（应为 %s，�为 %s）"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:2956
+#: builtin/apply.c:2973
 #, c-format
 msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
 msgstr "打补�失败：%s:%ld"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3078
+#: builtin/apply.c:3095
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot checkout %s"
 msgstr "�能检出 %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3123 builtin/apply.c:3132 builtin/apply.c:3176
+#: builtin/apply.c:3140 builtin/apply.c:3149 builtin/apply.c:3193
 #, c-format
 msgid "read of %s failed"
 msgstr "读� %s 失败"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3156 builtin/apply.c:3378
+#: builtin/apply.c:3173 builtin/apply.c:3395
 #, c-format
 msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
 msgstr "路径 %s 已�被�命�/删除"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3237 builtin/apply.c:3392
+#: builtin/apply.c:3254 builtin/apply.c:3409
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
 msgstr "%s：�存在于索引中"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3241 builtin/apply.c:3384 builtin/apply.c:3406
+#: builtin/apply.c:3258 builtin/apply.c:3401 builtin/apply.c:3423
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: %s"
 msgstr "%s：%s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3246 builtin/apply.c:3400
+#: builtin/apply.c:3263 builtin/apply.c:3417
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: does not match index"
 msgstr "%s：和索引�匹�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3348
+#: builtin/apply.c:3365
 msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
 msgstr "移除补��留下了文件内容"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3417
+#: builtin/apply.c:3434
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: wrong type"
 msgstr "%s：错误类型"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3419
+#: builtin/apply.c:3436
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
 msgstr "%s 的类型是 %o，应为 %o"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3520
+#: builtin/apply.c:3537
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: already exists in index"
 msgstr "%s：已�存在于索引中"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3523
+#: builtin/apply.c:3540
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
 msgstr "%s：已�存在于工作区中"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3543
+#: builtin/apply.c:3560
 #, c-format
 msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
 msgstr "%2$s 的新模�（%1$o）和旧模�（%3$o）�匹�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#: builtin/apply.c:3565
 #, c-format
 msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
 msgstr "%2$s 的新模�（%1$o）和 %4$s 的旧模�（%3$o）�匹�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3556
+#: builtin/apply.c:3573
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
 msgstr "%s：补�未应用"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3569
+#: builtin/apply.c:3586
 #, c-format
 msgid "Checking patch %s..."
 msgstr "检查补� %s..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3624 builtin/checkout.c:215 builtin/reset.c:158
+#: builtin/apply.c:3679 builtin/checkout.c:216 builtin/reset.c:124
 #, c-format
 msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
 msgstr "对路径 '%s' 的 make_cache_entry �作失败"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3767
+#: builtin/apply.c:3822
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
 msgstr "�能从索引中移除 %s"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3795
+#: builtin/apply.c:3850
 #, c-format
 msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
 msgstr "�项目 %s ��的补�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3799
+#: builtin/apply.c:3854
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
 msgstr "�能枚举新建文件 '%s' 的状�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3804
+#: builtin/apply.c:3859
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
 msgstr "�能为新建文件 %s 创建�端存储"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3807 builtin/apply.c:3915
+#: builtin/apply.c:3862 builtin/apply.c:3970
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
 msgstr "无法为 %s 添加缓存�目"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+#: builtin/apply.c:3895
 #, c-format
 msgid "closing file '%s'"
 msgstr "关闭文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#: builtin/apply.c:3944
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
 msgstr "�能写文件 '%s' �� %o"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+#: builtin/apply.c:4031
 #, c-format
 msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
 msgstr "�功应用补� %s。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3984
+#: builtin/apply.c:4039
 msgid "internal error"
 msgstr "内部错误"
 
 #. Say this even without --verbose
-#: builtin/apply.c:3987
+#: builtin/apply.c:4042
 #, c-format
 msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
 msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
 msgstr[0] "应用 %%s 个补�，其中 %d 个被拒�..."
 msgstr[1] "应用 %%s 个补�，其中 %d 个被拒�..."
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:3997
+#: builtin/apply.c:4052
 #, c-format
 msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
 msgstr "截短 .rej 文件�为 %.*s.rej"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+#: builtin/apply.c:4073
 #, c-format
 msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
 msgstr "第 #%d 个片段�功应用。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+#: builtin/apply.c:4076
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
 msgstr "拒�第 #%d 个片段。"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4171
+#: builtin/apply.c:4226
 msgid "unrecognized input"
 msgstr "未能识别的输入"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4182
+#: builtin/apply.c:4237
 msgid "unable to read index file"
 msgstr "无法读�索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4301 builtin/apply.c:4304 builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/apply.c:4356 builtin/apply.c:4359 builtin/clone.c:92
 #: builtin/fetch.c:63
 msgid "path"
 msgstr "路径"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4302
+#: builtin/apply.c:4357
 msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
 msgstr "��应用与给出路径�匹�的�更"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4305
+#: builtin/apply.c:4360
 msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
 msgstr "应用与给出路径�匹�的�更"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4307
+#: builtin/apply.c:4362
 msgid "num"
 msgstr "æ•°å­—"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4308
+#: builtin/apply.c:4363
 msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
-msgstr "从传统的 diff 路径中移除 <数字> 个�导路径"
+msgstr "从传统的 diff 路径中移除指定数�的�导斜线"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4311
+#: builtin/apply.c:4366
 msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
 msgstr "忽略补�中的添加的文件"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4313
+#: builtin/apply.c:4368
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
 msgstr "�应用补�，而是显示输入的差异统计（diffstat）"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4317
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/apply.c:4372
 msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
-msgstr "以数字方�显示添加或删除行的数�"
+msgstr "以�进制数显示添加和删除的行数"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4319
+#: builtin/apply.c:4374
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
 msgstr "�应用补�，而是显示输入的概�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4321
+#: builtin/apply.c:4376
 msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
 msgstr "�应用补�，而是查看补�是��应用"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4323
+#: builtin/apply.c:4378
 msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
 msgstr "确认补��以应用到当�索引"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4325
+#: builtin/apply.c:4380
 msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
 msgstr "应用补�而�修改工作区"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4327
+#: builtin/apply.c:4382
 msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
 msgstr "还应用此补�（与 --stat/--summary/--check 选项�时使用）"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4329
+#: builtin/apply.c:4384
 msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
 msgstr "如果一个补��能应用则�试三路�并"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4331
+#: builtin/apply.c:4386
 msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
 msgstr "创建一个临时索引基于嵌入的索引信�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4333 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:460
+#: builtin/apply.c:4388 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:456
 msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
 msgstr "路径以 NUL 字符分隔"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4336
+#: builtin/apply.c:4391
 msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
 msgstr "确�至少匹� <n> 行上下文"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4337
+#: builtin/apply.c:4392
 msgid "action"
 msgstr "动作"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4338
+#: builtin/apply.c:4393
 msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
 msgstr "检查新增和修改的行中间的空白字符滥用"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4341 builtin/apply.c:4344
+#: builtin/apply.c:4396 builtin/apply.c:4399
 msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
 msgstr "查找上下文时忽略空白字符的�更"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4347
+#: builtin/apply.c:4402
 msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
 msgstr "��应用补�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4349
+#: builtin/apply.c:4404
 msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
 msgstr "无需至少一行上下文"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4351
+#: builtin/apply.c:4406
 msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
 msgstr "将拒�的补�片段�存在对应的 *.rej 文件中"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4353
+#: builtin/apply.c:4408
 msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
 msgstr "�许��的补�片段"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4356
+#: builtin/apply.c:4411
 msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
 msgstr "�许�正确的文件末尾�行符"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4359
+#: builtin/apply.c:4414
 msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
 msgstr "�信任补�片段的头信�中的行�"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4361
+#: builtin/apply.c:4416
 msgid "root"
 msgstr "根目录"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4362
+#: builtin/apply.c:4417
 msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
 msgstr "为所有文件��添加 <根目录>"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4384
+#: builtin/apply.c:4439
 msgid "--3way outside a repository"
 msgstr "--3way 在一个版本库之外"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4392
+#: builtin/apply.c:4447
 msgid "--index outside a repository"
 msgstr "--index 在一个版本库之外"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4395
+#: builtin/apply.c:4450
 msgid "--cached outside a repository"
 msgstr "--cached 在一个版本库之外"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4411
+#: builtin/apply.c:4466
 #, c-format
 msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
 msgstr "�能打开补� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4425
+#: builtin/apply.c:4480
 #, c-format
 msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
 msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
 msgstr[0] "抑制下�有 %d 个空白字符误用"
 msgstr[1] "抑制下�有 %d 个空白字符误用"
 
-#: builtin/apply.c:4431 builtin/apply.c:4441
+#: builtin/apply.c:4486 builtin/apply.c:4496
 #, c-format
 msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
 msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
@@ -2057,158 +2347,154 @@ msgstr "git archive：未�供远程URL"
 msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
 msgstr "git archive：应为ACK/NACK，�得到EOF"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#: builtin/archive.c:61
 #, c-format
 msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
 msgstr "git archive：NACK %s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote error: %s"
 msgstr "远程错误：%s"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:66
+#: builtin/archive.c:64
 msgid "git archive: protocol error"
 msgstr "git archive：�议错误"
 
-#: builtin/archive.c:71
+#: builtin/archive.c:68
 msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
 msgstr "git archive：应为刷新"
 
 #: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
 msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
 
 #: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
 msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "执行 'git bisect next'"
 
 #: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
 msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "更新 BISECT_HEAD 而�检出当��交"
 
 #: builtin/blame.c:25
 msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git blame [选项] [版本选项] [版本] [--] 文件"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:30 builtin/shortlog.c:15
+#: builtin/blame.c:30
 msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "[版本选项] 的文档记录在 git-rev-list(1) 中"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2316
+#: builtin/blame.c:2355
 msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "增��地显示�现的 blame �目"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2317
+#: builtin/blame.c:2356
 msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "边界�交显示空的 SHA-1（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2318
+#: builtin/blame.c:2357
 msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�把根�交作为边界（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2319
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/blame.c:2358
 msgid "Show work cost statistics"
-msgstr "显示工作区状�"
+msgstr "显示命令消耗统计"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2320
+#: builtin/blame.c:2359
 msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示判断 blame �目�移的得分诊断信�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2321
+#: builtin/blame.c:2360
 msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示原始文件�（默认：自动）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2322
+#: builtin/blame.c:2361
 msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示原始的行�（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2323
+#: builtin/blame.c:2362
 msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示为一个适�机器读�的格�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2324
+#: builtin/blame.c:2363
 msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "为�一行显示机器适用的�交信�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2325
+#: builtin/blame.c:2364
 msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用和 git-annotate 相�的输出模�（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2326
+#: builtin/blame.c:2365
 msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示原始时间戳（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2327
+#: builtin/blame.c:2366
 msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示长的SHA1�交�（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2328
+#: builtin/blame.c:2367
 msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "��作者�字和时间戳（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2329
+#: builtin/blame.c:2368
 msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示作者的邮箱而�是�字（默认：关闭）"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2330
+#: builtin/blame.c:2369
 msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "忽略空白差异"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2331
+#: builtin/blame.c:2370
 msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "花费�外的循环�找到更好的匹�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2332
+#: builtin/blame.c:2371
 msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用�自 <file> 的修订集而�是调用 git-rev-list"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2333
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/blame.c:2372
 msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
-msgstr "添加文件内容至索引"
+msgstr "使用 <file> 的内容作为最终的图片"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2334 builtin/blame.c:2335
+#: builtin/blame.c:2373 builtin/blame.c:2374
 msgid "score"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "得分"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2334
+#: builtin/blame.c:2373
 msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "找到文件内�跨文件的行拷�"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2335
+#: builtin/blame.c:2374
 msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "找到文件内�跨文件的行移动"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2336
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
 msgid "n,m"
-msgstr "æ•°å­—"
+msgstr "n,m"
 
-#: builtin/blame.c:2336
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
 msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�处�行范围在 n 和 m 之间的，从 1 开始"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:23
+#: builtin/branch.c:24
 msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git branch [选项] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:24
+#: builtin/branch.c:25
 msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git branch [选项] [-l] [-f] <分支�> [<起始点>]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:25
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
 msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git branch [选项] [-r] (-d | -D) <分支�>..."
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:26
+#: builtin/branch.c:27
 msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git branch [选项] (-m | -M) [<旧分支>] <新分支>"
 
 #  译者：��原�行格�，在输出时 %s 的替代内容会让字符串�长
-#: builtin/branch.c:145
+#: builtin/branch.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
@@ -2218,7 +2504,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "         '%s'，但未�并到 HEAD。"
 
 #  译者：��原�行格�，在输出时 %s 的替代内容会让字符串�长
-#: builtin/branch.c:149
+#: builtin/branch.c:154
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
@@ -2227,294 +2513,368 @@ msgstr ""
 "并未删除分支 '%s'， 虽然它已��并到 HEAD，\n"
 "         然而�尚未被�并到分支 '%s' 。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:181
+#: builtin/branch.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr "无法查询 '%s' 指�的�交对象"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:172
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+"分支 '%s' 没有完全�并。\n"
+"如果您确认�删除它，执行 'git branch -D %s'。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:185
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "无法更新 config 文件"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:213
 msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
 msgstr "�能将 -a 和 -d �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:187
+#: builtin/branch.c:219
 msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
 msgstr "无法查询 HEAD 指�的�交对象"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:192
+#: builtin/branch.c:227
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
 msgstr "无法删除您当�所在的分支 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:203
+#: builtin/branch.c:240
 #, c-format
 msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "远程分支 '%s' 未�现。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:204
+#: builtin/branch.c:241
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' not found."
 msgstr "分支 '%s' 未�现。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:211
-#, c-format
-msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
-msgstr "无法查询 '%s' 指�的�交对象"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:217
-#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
-"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
-msgstr ""
-"分支 '%s' 没有完全�并。\n"
-"如果您确认�删除它，执行 'git branch -D %s'。"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:226
+#: builtin/branch.c:255
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
 msgstr "删除远程分支 '%s' 时出错"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:227
+#: builtin/branch.c:256
 #, c-format
 msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
 msgstr "删除分支 '%s' 时出错"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:234
+#: builtin/branch.c:263
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "已删除远程分支 %s（曾为 %s）。\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:235
+#: builtin/branch.c:264
 #, c-format
 msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
 msgstr "已删除分支 %s（曾为 %s）。\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:240
-msgid "Update of config-file failed"
-msgstr "无法更新 config 文件"
-
-#: builtin/branch.c:338
+#: builtin/branch.c:366
 #, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
 msgstr "分支 '%s' 未指�一个�交"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:410
+#: builtin/branch.c:453
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
 msgstr "[%s：�� %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:412
+#: builtin/branch.c:455
 #, c-format
 msgid "[behind %d]"
 msgstr "[�� %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:416
+#: builtin/branch.c:459
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
 msgstr "[%s：领先 %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:418
+#: builtin/branch.c:461
 #, c-format
 msgid "[ahead %d]"
 msgstr "[领先 %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:421
+#: builtin/branch.c:464
 #, c-format
 msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
 msgstr "[%s：领先 %d，�� %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:424
+#: builtin/branch.c:467
 #, c-format
 msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
 msgstr "[领先 %d，�� %d]"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:537
+#: builtin/branch.c:490
+msgid " **** invalid ref ****"
+msgstr " **** 无效引用 ****"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:582
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, rebasing %s)"
+msgstr "（�分支，正�基 %s）"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:585
+#, c-format
+msgid "(no branch, bisect started on %s)"
+msgstr "（�分支，二分查找开始于 %s）"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "(detached from %s)"
+msgstr "（分离自 %s）"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:591
 msgid "(no branch)"
 msgstr "（�分支）"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:602
+#: builtin/branch.c:637
+#, c-format
+msgid "object '%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "对象 '%s' 没有指�一个�交"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:669
 msgid "some refs could not be read"
 msgstr "一些引用�能读�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:615
+#: builtin/branch.c:682
 msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
 msgstr "无法�命�当�分支因为�处于任何分支上。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:625
+#: builtin/branch.c:692
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
 msgstr "无效的分支�：'%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:640
+#: builtin/branch.c:707
 msgid "Branch rename failed"
 msgstr "分支�命�失败"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:644
+#: builtin/branch.c:711
 #, c-format
 msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
 msgstr "�命�掉一个错误命�的旧分支 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:648
+#: builtin/branch.c:715
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
 msgstr "分支�命�为 %s，但 HEAD 没有更新�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:655
+#: builtin/branch.c:722
 msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
 msgstr "分支被�命�，但更新 config 文件失败"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:670
+#: builtin/branch.c:737
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed object name %s"
 msgstr "�法的对象� %s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:694
+#: builtin/branch.c:761
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
 msgstr "�能写分支�述模版：%s"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:724
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/branch.c:791
 msgid "Generic options"
-msgstr "无效选项：%s"
+msgstr "通用选项"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:726
+#: builtin/branch.c:793
 msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示哈希值和主题，若�数出现两次则显示上游分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:727
+#: builtin/branch.c:794
 msgid "suppress informational messages"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示信�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:728
+#: builtin/branch.c:795
 msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "设置跟踪模�（�� git-pull(1)）"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:730
+#: builtin/branch.c:797
 msgid "change upstream info"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "改�上游信�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:734
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/branch.c:801
 msgid "use colored output"
-msgstr "�能输出�定�"
+msgstr "使用彩色输出"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:735
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/branch.c:802
 msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
-msgstr "%s 没有�自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
+msgstr "作用于远程跟踪分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:738 builtin/branch.c:744 builtin/branch.c:765
-#: builtin/branch.c:771 builtin/commit.c:1395 builtin/commit.c:1396
-#: builtin/commit.c:1397 builtin/commit.c:1398 builtin/tag.c:470
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/branch.c:805 builtin/branch.c:811 builtin/branch.c:832
+#: builtin/branch.c:838 builtin/commit.c:1368 builtin/commit.c:1369
+#: builtin/commit.c:1370 builtin/commit.c:1371 builtin/tag.c:468
 msgid "commit"
-msgstr "（��交）\n"
+msgstr "�交"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:739 builtin/branch.c:745
+#: builtin/branch.c:806 builtin/branch.c:812
 msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�打�包�该�交的分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:751
+#: builtin/branch.c:818
 msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "具体的 git-branch 动作："
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:752
+#: builtin/branch.c:819
 msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "列出远程跟踪�本地分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:754
+#: builtin/branch.c:821
 msgid "delete fully merged branch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "删除完全�并的分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:755
+#: builtin/branch.c:822
 msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "删除分支（�使没有�并）"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:756
+#: builtin/branch.c:823
 msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "移动/�命�一个分支，以�它的引用日志"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:757
+#: builtin/branch.c:824
 msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "移动/�命�一个分支，�使目标已存在"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:758
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/branch.c:825
 msgid "list branch names"
-msgstr "无效的分支�：'%s'"
+msgstr "列出分支�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:759
+#: builtin/branch.c:826
 msgid "create the branch's reflog"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "创建分支的引用日志"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:761
+#: builtin/branch.c:828
 msgid "edit the description for the branch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "标记分支的�述"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:762
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/branch.c:829
 msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
-msgstr "远程 %s 已�存在。"
+msgstr "强制创建（当已�存在）"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:765
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/branch.c:832
 msgid "print only not merged branches"
-msgstr "无法移除分支 %s"
+msgstr "�打�没有�并的分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:771
+#: builtin/branch.c:838
 msgid "print only merged branches"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�打��并的分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:775
+#: builtin/branch.c:842
 msgid "list branches in columns"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "以列的方�显示分支"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:788
+#: builtin/branch.c:855
 msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
 msgstr "无法将 HEAD 解�为有效引用。"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:793 builtin/clone.c:561
+#: builtin/branch.c:860 builtin/clone.c:619
 msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
 msgstr "HEAD 没有�于 /refs/heads 之下�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:813
+#: builtin/branch.c:883
 msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column 和 --verbose �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:864
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/branch.c:889 builtin/branch.c:928
+msgid "branch name required"
+msgstr "必须�供分支�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:904
+msgid "Cannot give description to detached HEAD"
+msgstr "�能�分离头指针�供�述"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:909
+msgid "cannot edit description of more than one branch"
+msgstr "�能为一个以上的分支编辑�述"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:916
+#, c-format
+msgid "No commit on branch '%s' yet."
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 尚无�交。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:919
+#, c-format
+msgid "No branch named '%s'."
+msgstr "没有分支 '%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:934
+msgid "too many branches for a rename operation"
+msgstr "为�命��作�供了太多的分支�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:939
+msgid "too many branches to set new upstream"
+msgstr "为设置新上游�供了太多的分支�"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"could not set upstream of HEAD to %s when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr "无法设置 HEAD 的上游为 %s，因为 HEAD 没有指�任何分支。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:946 builtin/branch.c:968 builtin/branch.c:990
+#, c-format
+msgid "no such branch '%s'"
+msgstr "没有此分支 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:950
+#, c-format
 msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
-msgstr "版本库 '%s' �存在"
+msgstr "分支 '%s' �存在"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:962
+msgid "too many branches to unset upstream"
+msgstr "为�消上游设置�作�供了太多的分支�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:876
+#: builtin/branch.c:966
+msgid "could not unset upstream of HEAD when it does not point to any branch."
+msgstr "无法�消 HEAD 的上游设置因为它没有指�一个分支"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 没有上游信�"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:891
+#: builtin/branch.c:987
+msgid "it does not make sense to create 'HEAD' manually"
+msgstr "手工创建 'HEAD' 没有�义"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:993
 msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
 msgstr "'git branch' 的 -a 和 -r 选项带一个分支��数没有�义"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:894
+#: builtin/branch.c:996
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
 "track or --set-upstream-to\n"
 msgstr ""
+"选项 --set-upstream 已弃用并将被移除。考虑使用 --track 或 --set-upstream-to\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:911
+#: builtin/branch.c:1013
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
 "\n"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"如果你想用 '%s' 跟踪 '%s', 这么�：\n"
+"\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:912
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/branch.c:1014
+#, c-format
 msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
-msgstr "  HEAD分支：%s"
+msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/branch.c:913
+#: builtin/branch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
 
 #: builtin/bundle.c:47
 #, c-format
@@ -2529,238 +2889,247 @@ msgstr "需�一个版本库�创建包。"
 msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
 msgstr "需�一个版本库�解包。"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:247
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:176
 msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<类型>|--textconv) <对象>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:248
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:177
 msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <对象列表>"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:266
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:195
 msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "<类型> �以是其中之一：blob�tree�commit�tag"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:267
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:196
 msgid "show object type"
-msgstr "�的对象类型。"
+msgstr "显示对象类型"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:268
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:197
 msgid "show object size"
-msgstr "�对象 %s"
+msgstr "显示对象大�"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:270
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:199
 msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "当没有错误时退出并返回零"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:271
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:200
 msgid "pretty-print object's content"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "美观地打�对象的内容"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:273
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:202
 msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "对于数�（blob）对象，对其内容执行 textconv"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:275
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:204
 msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示从标准输入�供的对象的信�和内容"
 
-#: builtin/cat-file.c:278
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:207
 msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
-msgstr "�能从标准输入中读�日志信�"
+msgstr "显示从标准输入�供的对象的信�"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:11
 msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] 路径�..."
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:12
-msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <路径列表>"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:19
 msgid "report all attributes set on file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "报告设置在文件上的所有属性"
 
 #: builtin/check-attr.c:20
 msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�使用索引中的 .gitattributes"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/hash-object.c:75
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/check-ignore.c:22 builtin/hash-object.c:75
 msgid "read file names from stdin"
-msgstr "（正从标准输入中读�日志信�）\n"
+msgstr "从标准输入读出文件�"
 
-#: builtin/check-attr.c:23
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23 builtin/check-ignore.c:24
 msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
-msgstr "路径以 NUL 字符分隔"
+msgstr "输入路径以null字符终止"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:18 builtin/checkout.c:1044 builtin/gc.c:177
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "�显示进度报告"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:146
+msgid "cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+msgstr "�能�时�供路径� --stdin �数"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:149
+msgid "-z only makes sense with --stdin"
+msgstr "-z 需�和 --stdin �数共用�有�义"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:151
+msgid "no path specified"
+msgstr "未指定路径"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:155
+msgid "--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+msgstr "�数 --quiet �在�供一个路径�时有效"
+
+#: builtin/check-ignore.c:157
+msgid "cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"
+msgstr "�能�时�供 --quiet 和 --verbose �数"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
 msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git checkout-index [选项] [--] [<文件>...]"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:187
 msgid "check out all files in the index"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "检出索引区的所有文件"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
 msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "强制覆盖现有的文件"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:190
 msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "存在或�在索引中的文件都没有警告"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:192
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "don't checkout new files"
-msgstr "�能检出 %s"
+msgstr "�检出新文件"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:194
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "update stat information in the index file"
-msgstr "无法写新的索引文件"
+msgstr "更新索引中文件的状�信�"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:200
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
-msgstr "（正从标准输入中读�日志信�）\n"
+msgstr "从标准输入读�路径列表"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:202
 msgid "write the content to temporary files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "将内容写入临时文件"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:203 builtin/column.c:30
 msgid "string"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "字符串"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:204
 msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在创建文件时，在��加上<字符串>"
 
 #: builtin/checkout-index.c:207
 msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从指定暂存区中拷出文件"
 
 #: builtin/checkout.c:25
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout [选项] <分支>"
 
 #: builtin/checkout.c:26
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout [选项] [<分支>] -- <文件>..."
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#: builtin/checkout.c:117 builtin/checkout.c:150
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有我们的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:118 builtin/checkout.c:151
+#: builtin/checkout.c:119 builtin/checkout.c:152
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有他们的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:134
+#: builtin/checkout.c:135
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有全部必须的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:178
+#: builtin/checkout.c:179
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有必须的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:195
+#: builtin/checkout.c:196
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
 msgstr "path '%s'：无法�并"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#: builtin/checkout.c:213
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
 msgstr "无法为 '%s' 添加�并结果"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/checkout.c:239 builtin/checkout.c:242
-#: builtin/checkout.c:245
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/checkout.c:237 builtin/checkout.c:240 builtin/checkout.c:243
+#: builtin/checkout.c:246
+#, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
-msgstr "%s：%s �能和 %s �时使用"
+msgstr "'%s' �能在更新路径时使用"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:248 builtin/checkout.c:251
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/checkout.c:249 builtin/checkout.c:252
+#, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
-msgstr "%s：%s �能和 %s �时使用"
+msgstr "'%s' �能和 %s �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:254
+#: builtin/checkout.c:255
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�能�时更新路径并切�到分支'%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:426
+#: builtin/checkout.c:266 builtin/checkout.c:458
 msgid "corrupt index file"
 msgstr "��的索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:302
+#: builtin/checkout.c:329 builtin/checkout.c:336
 #, c-format
 msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
 msgstr "路径 '%s' 未�并"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:333 builtin/checkout.c:534 builtin/clone.c:586
-#: builtin/merge.c:811
-msgid "unable to write new index file"
-msgstr "无法写新的索引文件"
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:448
+#: builtin/checkout.c:480
 msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
 msgstr "您需�先解决当�索引的冲�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:569
+#: builtin/checkout.c:601
 #, c-format
 msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�能对 '%s' 执行 reflog �作\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:602
+#: builtin/checkout.c:634
 msgid "HEAD is now at"
 msgstr "HEAD 目��于"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:609
+#: builtin/checkout.c:641
 #, c-format
 msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "�置分支 '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:612
+#: builtin/checkout.c:644
 #, c-format
 msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
 msgstr "已��于 '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:616
+#: builtin/checkout.c:648
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "切�并�置分支 '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:618
+#: builtin/checkout.c:650 builtin/checkout.c:987
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "切�到一个新分支 '%s'\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:620
+#: builtin/checkout.c:652
 #, c-format
 msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
 msgstr "切�到分支 '%s'\n"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/checkout.c:676
+#: builtin/checkout.c:708
 #, c-format
 msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
 msgstr " ... �其它 %d 个。\n"
 
 #. The singular version
-#: builtin/checkout.c:682
+#: builtin/checkout.c:714
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
@@ -2781,7 +3150,7 @@ msgstr[1] ""
 "\n"
 "%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:700
+#: builtin/checkout.c:732
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
@@ -2796,497 +3165,502 @@ msgstr ""
 " git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:730
+#: builtin/checkout.c:762
 msgid "internal error in revision walk"
 msgstr "在版本�历时�到内部错误"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:734
+#: builtin/checkout.c:766
 msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
 msgstr "之�的 HEAD �置是"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:761 builtin/checkout.c:950
+#: builtin/checkout.c:793 builtin/checkout.c:982
 msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
 msgstr "您�于一个尚未�始化的分支"
 
 #. case (1)
-#: builtin/checkout.c:886
+#: builtin/checkout.c:918
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid reference: %s"
 msgstr "无效引用：%s"
 
 #. case (1): want a tree
-#: builtin/checkout.c:925
+#: builtin/checkout.c:957
 #, c-format
 msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
 msgstr "引用�是一个树：%s"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:961
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/checkout.c:996
 msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
-msgstr "--ours/--theirs 和切�分支�兼容。"
+msgstr "路径�能和切�分支�时使用"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:964 builtin/checkout.c:968
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/checkout.c:999 builtin/checkout.c:1003
+#, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
-msgstr "%s：%s �能和 %s �时使用"
+msgstr "'%s' �能和切�分支�时使用"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:972 builtin/checkout.c:975 builtin/checkout.c:980
-#: builtin/checkout.c:983
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1007 builtin/checkout.c:1010 builtin/checkout.c:1015
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+#, c-format
 msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
-msgstr "%s：%s �能和 %s �时使用"
+msgstr "'%s' �能和 '%s' �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:988
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1023
+#, c-format
 msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
-msgstr "无法切�分支到一个��交。"
+msgstr "�能切�分支到一个��交 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1009 builtin/gc.c:177
-msgid "suppress progress reporting"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1010 builtin/checkout.c:1012 builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1045 builtin/checkout.c:1047 builtin/clone.c:90
 #: builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/remote.c:171
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "branch"
-msgstr "�于分支 "
+msgstr "分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1011
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1046
 msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "创建并检出一个新的分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1013
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1048
 msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "创建/�置并检出一个分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1014
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1049
 msgid "create reflog for new branch"
-msgstr "列出�创建或删除分支"
+msgstr "为新的分支创建引用日志"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1015
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1050
 msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�为指�该�交的分离头指针"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1051
 msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
-msgstr "尚未给分支 '%s' 设置上游"
+msgstr "为新的分支设置上游信�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
 msgid "new branch"
-msgstr "[新分支]"
+msgstr "新分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
 msgid "new unparented branch"
-msgstr "没有当�分支。"
+msgstr "新的没有父�交的分支"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1054
 msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "对尚未�并的文件检出我们的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1056
 msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "对尚未�并的文件检出他们的版本"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1023
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1058
 msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "强制检出（丢弃本地修改）"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1024
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
 msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "和新的分支执行三路�并"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1025 builtin/merge.c:215
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1060 builtin/merge.c:217
 msgid "update ignored files (default)"
-msgstr "更新文件失败"
+msgstr "更新忽略的文件（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1026 builtin/log.c:1111 parse-options.h:241
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1061 builtin/log.c:1158 parse-options.h:245
 msgid "style"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "风格"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1027
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1062
 msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "冲�输出风格（merge 或 diff3）"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1065
+msgid "do not limit pathspecs to sparse entries only"
+msgstr "对路径��稀�检出的�制"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1030
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1067
 msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�者猜测'git checkout no-such-branch'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1054
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1091
 msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
-msgstr "-n 和 -k 互斥。"
+msgstr "-b�-B 和 --orphan 是互斥的"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1071
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1108
 msgid "--track needs a branch name"
 msgstr "--track 需�一个分支�"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1078
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1115
 msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
 msgstr "缺少分支�；�试 -b"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1150
 msgid "invalid path specification"
 msgstr "无效的路径规格"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1157
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
 "Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
 msgstr ""
-"git checkout：更新路径和切�分支�兼容。\n"
-"您是想�检出 '%s' 但未能将其解�为�交么？"
+"�能�时更新路径并切�到分支'%s'。\n"
+"您是想�检出 '%s' 但其未能解�为�交么？"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1162
+#, c-format
 msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
-msgstr "git checkout：--detach �跟路径�数"
+msgstr "git checkout：--detach �能接收路径�数 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/checkout.c:1129
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1166
 msgid ""
 "git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
 "checking out of the index."
 msgstr ""
 "git checkout：在从索引检出时，--ours/--theirs�--force 和 --merge �兼容。"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:19
+#: builtin/clean.c:20
 msgid "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <模�>] [-x | -X] [--] <路径>..."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:24
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "正删除 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:25
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "将删除 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:26
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipping repository %s\n"
+msgstr "忽略版本库 %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:51
+#: builtin/clean.c:27
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would skip repository %s\n"
+msgstr "将忽略版本库 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:28
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "无法删除 %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:160
 msgid "do not print names of files removed"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�打�删除文件的�称"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:53
+#: builtin/clean.c:162
 msgid "force"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "强制"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:55
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/clean.c:164
 msgid "remove whole directories"
-msgstr "两个输出目录？"
+msgstr "删除整个目录"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:56 builtin/describe.c:413 builtin/grep.c:802
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:491 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:199
+#: builtin/clean.c:165 builtin/describe.c:412 builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:487 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
 msgid "pattern"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "模�"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:57
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
 msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加<模�>到忽略规则"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:58
+#: builtin/clean.c:167
 msgid "remove ignored files, too"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "也删除忽略的文件"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:60
+#: builtin/clean.c:169
 msgid "remove only ignored files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�删除忽略的文件"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:78
+#: builtin/clean.c:187
 msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
 msgstr "-x 和 -X �能�时使用"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:82
+#: builtin/clean.c:191
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
 msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce 设置为 true 且未�供 -n 或 -f 选项，拒�执行清�动作"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:85
+#: builtin/clean.c:194
 msgid ""
 "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
 "clean"
 msgstr ""
 "clean.requireForce 默认为 true 且未�供 -n 或 -f 选项，拒�执行清�动作"
 
-#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
-#, c-format
-msgid "Would remove %s\n"
-msgstr "将删除 %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
-#, c-format
-msgid "Removing %s\n"
-msgstr "正删除 %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to remove %s"
-msgstr "无法删除 %s"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:166
-#, c-format
-msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
-msgstr "�会删除 %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clean.c:168
-#, c-format
-msgid "Not removing %s\n"
-msgstr "未删除 %s\n"
-
-#: builtin/clone.c:36
+#: builtin/clone.c:37
 msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git clone [选项] [--] <版本库> [<路径>]"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:64 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:212
-#: builtin/push.c:399
+#: builtin/clone.c:65 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/push.c:436
 msgid "force progress reporting"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "强制显示进度报告"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:66
+#: builtin/clone.c:67
 msgid "don't create a checkout"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�创建一个检出"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:67 builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/init-db.c:488
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/clone.c:68 builtin/clone.c:70 builtin/init-db.c:488
 msgid "create a bare repository"
-msgstr "�是一个 git 版本库"
+msgstr "创建一个裸版本库"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:72
+#: builtin/clone.c:73
 msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "创建一个镜�版本库（也是裸版本库）"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:74
+#: builtin/clone.c:75
 msgid "to clone from a local repository"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从本地版本库克隆"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:76
+#: builtin/clone.c:77
 msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�使用本地硬链接，始终�制"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:78
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/clone.c:79
 msgid "setup as shared repository"
-msgstr "�是一个 git 版本库"
+msgstr "设置为共享版本库"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+#: builtin/clone.c:81 builtin/clone.c:83
 msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在克隆时�始化�模组"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:485
 msgid "template-directory"
-msgstr "文件/目录"
+msgstr "模�目录"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+#: builtin/clone.c:85 builtin/init-db.c:486
 msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "模�目录将被使用"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:86
+#: builtin/clone.c:87
 msgid "reference repository"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "引用版本库"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/clone.c:88 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
 msgid "name"
-msgstr "�命�"
+msgstr "�称"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:88
+#: builtin/clone.c:89
 msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用<�称>而�是 'origin' 去跟踪上游"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:90
+#: builtin/clone.c:91
 msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "检出<分支>而�是远程HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:92
+#: builtin/clone.c:93
 msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "远程 git-upload-pack 路径"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:747
+#: builtin/clone.c:94 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
 msgid "depth"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "深度"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:94
+#: builtin/clone.c:95
 msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "创建一个指定深度的浅克隆"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:96
+#: builtin/clone.c:97
 msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�克隆一个分支�HEAD 或 --branch"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:494
 msgid "gitdir"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git目录"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+#: builtin/clone.c:99 builtin/init-db.c:495
 msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git目录和工作区分离"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:99
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
 msgid "key=value"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "key=value"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:100
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/clone.c:101
 msgid "set config inside the new repository"
-msgstr "记录�更到版本库"
+msgstr "在新版本库中设置�置信�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#: builtin/clone.c:254
 #, c-format
-msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
-msgstr "引用版本库 '%s' �是一个本地目录。"
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local repository."
+msgstr "引用版本库 '%s' �是一个本地版本库。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#: builtin/clone.c:317
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "无法创建目录 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:77
+#: builtin/clone.c:319 builtin/diff.c:77
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
 msgstr "无法枚举 '%s' 状�"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#: builtin/clone.c:321
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
 msgstr "%s 存在且�是一个目录"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#: builtin/clone.c:335
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
 msgstr "无法枚举 %s 状�\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#: builtin/clone.c:357
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
 msgstr "无法创建链接 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#: builtin/clone.c:361
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
 msgstr "无法拷�文件至 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#: builtin/clone.c:384
 #, c-format
 msgid "done.\n"
 msgstr "完�。\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:443
+#: builtin/clone.c:397
+msgid ""
+"Clone succeeded, but checkout failed.\n"
+"You can inspect what was checked out with 'git status'\n"
+"and retry the checkout with 'git checkout -f HEAD'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"克隆�功，但是检出失败。\n"
+"您�以通过 'git status' 检查哪些已被检出，然�使用命令\n"
+"'git checkout -f HEAD' �试\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:476
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
 msgstr "�能�现�克隆的远程分支 %s。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:552
+#: builtin/clone.c:550
+msgid "remote did not send all necessary objects"
+msgstr "远程没有��所有必须的对象"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:610
 msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
 msgstr "远程 HEAD 指�一个�存在的引用，无法检出。\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:642
+#: builtin/clone.c:641
+msgid "unable to checkout working tree"
+msgstr "�能检出工作区"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:749
 msgid "Too many arguments."
 msgstr "太多�数。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:646
+#: builtin/clone.c:753
 msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
 msgstr "您必须指定一个版本库�克隆。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:657
+#: builtin/clone.c:764
 #, c-format
 msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
 msgstr "--bare 和 --origin %s 选项�兼容。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:671
+#: builtin/clone.c:767
+msgid "--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."
+msgstr "--bare 和 --separate-git-dir 选项�兼容。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:780
 #, c-format
 msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
 msgstr "版本库 '%s' �存在"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:676
+#: builtin/clone.c:785
 msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
 msgstr "--depth 在本地克隆被忽略，改为 file:// �议试试。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:686
+#: builtin/clone.c:795
 #, c-format
 msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
 msgstr "目标路径 '%s' 已�存在，并且�是一个空目录。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:696
+#: builtin/clone.c:805
 #, c-format
 msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "工作区 '%s' 已�存在。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:709 builtin/clone.c:723
+#: builtin/clone.c:818 builtin/clone.c:830
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
 msgstr "�能为 '%s' 创建先导目录"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:712
+#: builtin/clone.c:821
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
 msgstr "�能为 '%s' 创建工作区目录。"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:731
+#: builtin/clone.c:840
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "克隆到裸版本库 '%s'...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:733
+#: builtin/clone.c:842
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
 msgstr "正克隆到 '%s'...\n"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:789
+#: builtin/clone.c:877
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
 msgstr "�知�如何克隆 %s"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:838
+#: builtin/clone.c:926
 #, c-format
 msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
 msgstr "远程分支 %s 在上游 %s 未�现"
 
-#: builtin/clone.c:845
+#: builtin/clone.c:933
 msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
 msgstr "您似乎克隆了一个空版本库。"
 
 #: builtin/column.c:9
 msgid "git column [options]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git column [选项]"
 
 #: builtin/column.c:26
 msgid "lookup config vars"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "查找�置��"
 
 #: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "layout to use"
-msgstr "本地已过时"
+msgstr "�使用的布局"
 
 #: builtin/column.c:29
 msgid "Maximum width"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "最大宽度"
 
 #: builtin/column.c:30
 msgid "Padding space on left border"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "左边框的填充空间"
 
 #: builtin/column.c:31
 msgid "Padding space on right border"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�边框的填充空间"
 
 #: builtin/column.c:32
 msgid "Padding space between columns"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "两列之间的填充空间"
 
 #: builtin/column.c:51
 msgid "--command must be the first argument"
 msgstr "--command 必须是第一个�数"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:33
-#, fuzzy
-msgid "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+#: builtin/commit.c:34
+msgid "git commit [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git commit [选项] [--] <路径匹�>..."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:38
-#, fuzzy
-msgid "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+#: builtin/commit.c:39
+msgid "git status [options] [--] <pathspec>..."
+msgstr "git status [选项] [--] <路径匹�>..."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:43
+#: builtin/commit.c:44
 msgid ""
 "Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
 "on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
@@ -3309,7 +3683,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:55
+#: builtin/commit.c:56
 msgid ""
 "You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
@@ -3318,7 +3692,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "您�修补最近的�交，但这么�会让它�为空�交。您�以��您的命令并带上\n"
 "--allow-empty 选项，或者您�用命令 \"git reset HEAD^\" 整个删除该�交。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:60
+#: builtin/commit.c:61
 msgid ""
 "The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
 "If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
@@ -3334,93 +3708,93 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "�则，请使用命令 'git reset'\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:256
+#: builtin/commit.c:260
 msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
 msgstr "无法解包 HEAD 树对象"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:298
+#: builtin/commit.c:302
 msgid "unable to create temporary index"
 msgstr "�能创建临时索引"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:304
+#: builtin/commit.c:308
 msgid "interactive add failed"
 msgstr "交互�添加失败"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:337 builtin/commit.c:358 builtin/commit.c:408
+#: builtin/commit.c:341 builtin/commit.c:362 builtin/commit.c:412
 msgid "unable to write new_index file"
 msgstr "无法写 new_index 文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:389
+#: builtin/commit.c:393
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
 msgstr "在�并过程中�能�部分�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:391
+#: builtin/commit.c:395
 msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
 msgstr "在拣选过程中�能�部分�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:401
+#: builtin/commit.c:405
 msgid "cannot read the index"
 msgstr "无法读�索引"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:421
+#: builtin/commit.c:425
 msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
 msgstr "无法写临时索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:510 builtin/commit.c:516
+#: builtin/commit.c:513 builtin/commit.c:519
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid commit: %s"
 msgstr "无效的�交：%s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:539
+#: builtin/commit.c:542
 msgid "malformed --author parameter"
 msgstr "�法的 --author �数"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:600
+#: builtin/commit.c:562
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
 msgstr "�法的身份字符串：'%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:638 builtin/commit.c:671 builtin/commit.c:985
+#: builtin/commit.c:600 builtin/commit.c:633 builtin/commit.c:956
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
 msgstr "�能查询�交 %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:650 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#: builtin/commit.c:612 builtin/shortlog.c:270
 #, c-format
 msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
 msgstr "（正从标准输入中读�日志信�）\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:652
+#: builtin/commit.c:614
 msgid "could not read log from standard input"
 msgstr "�能从标准输入中读�日志信�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:656
+#: builtin/commit.c:618
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
 msgstr "�能读�日志文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:662
+#: builtin/commit.c:624
 msgid "commit has empty message"
 msgstr "�交说明为空"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:678
+#: builtin/commit.c:640
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
 msgstr "�能读� MERGE_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:682
+#: builtin/commit.c:644
 msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "�能读� SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:686
+#: builtin/commit.c:648
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read '%s'"
 msgstr "�能读� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:738
+#: builtin/commit.c:709
 msgid "could not write commit template"
 msgstr "�能写�交模版"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:749
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -3434,7 +3808,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "然��试。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:754
+#: builtin/commit.c:725
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -3448,375 +3822,375 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t%s\n"
 "然��试。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:766
+#: builtin/commit.c:737
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+"with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"请为您的�更输入�交说明。以 '#' 开始的行将被忽略，而一个空的�交\n"
+"请为您的�更输入�交说明。以 '%c' 开始的行将被忽略，而一个空的�交\n"
 "说明将会终止�交。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:771
+#: builtin/commit.c:742
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
 "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"请为您的�更输入�交说明。以 '#' 开始的行将被�留，您�以删除它们\n"
-"如果您想这样�的�。而一个空的�交说明将会终止�交。\n"
+"请为您的�更输入�交说明。以 '%c' 开始的行将被�留，如果您原�\n"
+"也�以删除它们。一个空的�交说明将会终止�交。\n"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: builtin/commit.c:784
+#: builtin/commit.c:755
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
 msgstr "%s作者：     %s"
 
 #  译者：为��在输出中对�，注�调整�中空格�
-#: builtin/commit.c:791
+#: builtin/commit.c:762
 #, c-format
 msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
 msgstr "%s�交者：   %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:811
+#: builtin/commit.c:782
 msgid "Cannot read index"
 msgstr "无法读�索引"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:848
+#: builtin/commit.c:819
 msgid "Error building trees"
 msgstr "无法创建树对象"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:863 builtin/tag.c:361
+#: builtin/commit.c:834 builtin/tag.c:359
 #, c-format
 msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
-msgstr "请使用 -m 或者 -F 选项�供�交说明。\n"
+msgstr "请使用 -m 或 -F 选项�供�交说明。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:960
+#: builtin/commit.c:931
 #, c-format
 msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
 msgstr "没有找到匹� '%s' 的作者"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:975 builtin/commit.c:1175
+#: builtin/commit.c:946 builtin/commit.c:1140
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
 msgstr "无效的未追踪文件�数 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1015
+#: builtin/commit.c:976
 msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
 msgstr "�时使用 --reset-author 和 --author 没有�义"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1026
+#: builtin/commit.c:987
 msgid "You have nothing to amend."
 msgstr "您没有�修补的�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1029
+#: builtin/commit.c:990
 msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "您正处于一个�并过程中 -- 无法修补�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1031
+#: builtin/commit.c:992
 msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
 msgstr "您正处于一个拣选过程中 -- 无法修补�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1034
+#: builtin/commit.c:995
 msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
 msgstr "选项 --squash 和 --fixup �能�时使用"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1044
+#: builtin/commit.c:1005
 msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
 msgstr "�能用一个 -c/-C/-F/--fixup 选项。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1046
+#: builtin/commit.c:1007
 msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
 msgstr "选项 -m �能和 -c/-C/-F/--fixup �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1054
+#: builtin/commit.c:1015
 msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
 msgstr "--reset-author �能和 -C�-c 或 --amend �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1071
+#: builtin/commit.c:1032
 msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
 msgstr "�能用一个 --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch 选项。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1073
+#: builtin/commit.c:1034
 msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
 msgstr "�数 --include/--only �跟路径没有�义。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1075
+#: builtin/commit.c:1036
 msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
 msgstr "�明... 在索引�干净下修补最�的�交。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1077
+#: builtin/commit.c:1038
 msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
 msgstr "指定了明确的路径而没有使用 -i 或 -o 选项；认为是 --only paths..."
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1087 builtin/tag.c:577
+#: builtin/commit.c:1048 builtin/tag.c:575
 #, c-format
 msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
 msgstr "无效的清�模� %s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1092
+#: builtin/commit.c:1053
 msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
 msgstr "路径和 -a 选项�时使用没有�义。"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1189 builtin/commit.c:1417
+#: builtin/commit.c:1059 builtin/commit.c:1194
+msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
+msgstr "--long 和 -z 选项�兼容"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1154 builtin/commit.c:1390
 msgid "show status concisely"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "以简�的格�显示状�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1191 builtin/commit.c:1419
+#: builtin/commit.c:1156 builtin/commit.c:1392
 msgid "show branch information"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示分支信�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1193 builtin/commit.c:1421 builtin/push.c:389
+#: builtin/commit.c:1158 builtin/commit.c:1394 builtin/push.c:426
 msgid "machine-readable output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "机器�读的输出"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1161 builtin/commit.c:1396
+msgid "show status in long format (default)"
+msgstr "以长格�显示状�（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1196 builtin/commit.c:1423
+#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1399
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�目以NUL字符结尾"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1198 builtin/commit.c:1426 builtin/fast-export.c:636
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:639 builtin/tag.c:461
+#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/fast-export.c:659
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:662 builtin/tag.c:459
 msgid "mode"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "模�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1199 builtin/commit.c:1426
+#: builtin/commit.c:1167 builtin/commit.c:1402
 msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示未跟踪的文件，“模��的�选�数：all�normal�no。（默认：all）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1202
+#: builtin/commit.c:1170
 msgid "show ignored files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示忽略的文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1203 parse-options.h:151
+#: builtin/commit.c:1171 parse-options.h:151
 msgid "when"
 msgstr "何时"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1204
+#: builtin/commit.c:1172
 msgid ""
 "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
 "(Default: all)"
 msgstr ""
+"忽略�模组的更改，“何时�的�选�数：all�dirty�untracked。（默认：all）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1206
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1174
 msgid "list untracked files in columns"
-msgstr "无效的未追踪文件�数 '%s'"
+msgstr "以列的方�显示未跟踪的文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1275
+#: builtin/commit.c:1248
 msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
 msgstr "无法找到新创建的�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1277
+#: builtin/commit.c:1250
 msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
 msgstr "�能解�新创建的�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1318
+#: builtin/commit.c:1291
 msgid "detached HEAD"
 msgstr "分离头指针"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: builtin/commit.c:1320
+#: builtin/commit.c:1293
 msgid " (root-commit)"
 msgstr "（根�交）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1387
+#: builtin/commit.c:1360
 msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�交�功��显示概述信�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1388
+#: builtin/commit.c:1361
 msgid "show diff in commit message template"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在�交说明模�里显示差异"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1390
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1363
 msgid "Commit message options"
-msgstr "�能得到 %s 的�交说明"
+msgstr "�交说明选项"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1391 builtin/tag.c:459
+#: builtin/commit.c:1364 builtin/tag.c:457
 msgid "read message from file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从文件中读��交说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365
 msgid "author"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "作者"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1392
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1365
 msgid "override author for commit"
-msgstr "�并未返回�交"
+msgstr "�交时覆盖作者"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1393 builtin/gc.c:178
+#: builtin/commit.c:1366 builtin/gc.c:178
 msgid "date"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "日期"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1393
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1366
 msgid "override date for commit"
-msgstr "�并未返回�交"
+msgstr "�交时覆盖日期"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1394 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/notes.c:534
-#: builtin/notes.c:691 builtin/tag.c:457
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367 builtin/merge.c:208 builtin/notes.c:533
+#: builtin/notes.c:690 builtin/tag.c:455
 msgid "message"
-msgstr "无 tag 说明？"
+msgstr "说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1394
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1367
 msgid "commit message"
-msgstr "空�交信�。"
+msgstr "�交说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1395
+#: builtin/commit.c:1368
 msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�用并编辑指定�交的�交说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1396
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369
 msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�用指定�交的�交说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1397
+#: builtin/commit.c:1370
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用 autosquash 格�的�交说明用以修正指定的�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1398
+#: builtin/commit.c:1371
 msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用 autosquash 格�的�交说明用以压缩至指定的�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1399
+#: builtin/commit.c:1372
 msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "现在将该�交的作者改为我（和 -C/-c/--amend �数共用）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1400 builtin/log.c:1068 builtin/revert.c:109
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373 builtin/log.c:1113 builtin/revert.c:109
 msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加 Signed-off-by: 签�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1401
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374
 msgid "use specified template file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用指定的模�文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1402
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375
 msgid "force edit of commit"
-msgstr "�并未返回�交"
+msgstr "强制编辑�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1403
+#  译者：�选值，�能翻译（或是原文中笔误，应为 mode）
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376
 msgid "default"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "default"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1403 builtin/tag.c:462
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/tag.c:460
 msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "设置如何删除�交说明里的空格和#注释"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1404
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1377
 msgid "include status in commit message template"
-msgstr "�能写�交模版"
+msgstr "在�交说明模�里包�状�信�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1405 builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/tag.c:463
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/merge.c:215 builtin/tag.c:461
 msgid "key id"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "key id"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1406 builtin/merge.c:214
+#: builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/merge.c:216
 msgid "GPG sign commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "GPG �交签�"
 
 #. end commit message options
-#: builtin/commit.c:1409
+#: builtin/commit.c:1382
 msgid "Commit contents options"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�交内容选项"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1410
+#: builtin/commit.c:1383
 msgid "commit all changed files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�交所有改动的文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1411
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384
 msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加指定的文件到索引区等待�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1412
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1385
 msgid "interactively add files"
-msgstr "交互�添加失败"
+msgstr "交互�添加文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1413
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1386
 msgid "interactively add changes"
-msgstr "交互�添加失败"
+msgstr "交互�添加�更"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1414
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387
 msgid "commit only specified files"
-msgstr "无法还原修改的文件"
+msgstr "��交指定的文件"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1415
+#: builtin/commit.c:1388
 msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "绕过 pre-commit 钩�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1416
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/commit.c:1389
 msgid "show what would be committed"
-msgstr "��交的�更："
+msgstr "显示将��交的内容"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1424
+#: builtin/commit.c:1400
 msgid "amend previous commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "修改先�的�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1425
+#: builtin/commit.c:1401
 msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "绕过 post-rewrite 钩�"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1430
+#: builtin/commit.c:1406
 msgid "ok to record an empty change"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�许一个空�交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1433
+#: builtin/commit.c:1409
 msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�许空的�交说明"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1464
+#: builtin/commit.c:1441
 msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
 msgstr "�能解� HEAD �交"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1502 builtin/merge.c:508
+#: builtin/commit.c:1479 builtin/merge.c:510
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
 msgstr "�能为读入打开 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1509
+#: builtin/commit.c:1486
 #, c-format
 msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
 msgstr "��的 MERGE_HEAD 文件（%s）"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1516
+#: builtin/commit.c:1493
 msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
 msgstr "�能读� MERGE_MODE"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1535
+#: builtin/commit.c:1512
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
 msgstr "�能读��交说明：%s"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1549
+#: builtin/commit.c:1526
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
 msgstr "终止�交；您未更改�自模版的�交说明。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1554
+#: builtin/commit.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
 msgstr "终止�交因为�交说明为空。\n"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1569 builtin/merge.c:935 builtin/merge.c:960
+#: builtin/commit.c:1546 builtin/merge.c:847 builtin/merge.c:872
 msgid "failed to write commit object"
 msgstr "无法写�交对象"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+#: builtin/commit.c:1567
 msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
 msgstr "无法�定 HEAD 引用"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1594
+#: builtin/commit.c:1571
 msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
 msgstr "无法更新 HEAD 引用"
 
-#: builtin/commit.c:1605
+#: builtin/commit.c:1582
 msgid ""
 "Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 "new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
@@ -3827,177 +4201,177 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: builtin/config.c:7
 msgid "git config [options]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git config [选项]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:52
+#: builtin/config.c:51
 msgid "Config file location"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�置文件�置"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:53
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/config.c:52
 msgid "use global config file"
-msgstr "无法更新 config 文件"
+msgstr "使用全局�置文件"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:54
+#: builtin/config.c:53
 msgid "use system config file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用系统级�置文件"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:55
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/config.c:54
 msgid "use repository config file"
-msgstr "需�一个版本库�解包。"
+msgstr "使用版本库级�置文件"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:56
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/config.c:55
 msgid "use given config file"
-msgstr "未预期的文件结�"
+msgstr "使用指定的�置文件"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:57
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/config.c:56
 msgid "Action"
-msgstr "动作"
+msgstr "�作"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:58
+#: builtin/config.c:57
 msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "获�值：name [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:59
+#: builtin/config.c:58
 msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "获得所有的值：key [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:60
+#: builtin/config.c:59
 msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "根�正则表达�获得值：name-regex [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:61
+#: builtin/config.c:60
 msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "替�所有匹�的��：name value [value_regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:62
+#: builtin/config.c:61
 msgid "add a new variable: name value"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加一个新的��：name value"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:63
+#: builtin/config.c:62
 msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "删除一个��：name [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:64
+#: builtin/config.c:63
 msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "删除所有匹�项：name [value-regex]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:65
+#: builtin/config.c:64
 msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�命��节：old-name new-name"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:66
+#: builtin/config.c:65
 msgid "remove a section: name"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "删除一个�节：name"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:67
+#: builtin/config.c:66
 msgid "list all"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "列出所有"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:68
+#: builtin/config.c:67
 msgid "open an editor"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "打开一个编辑器"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:69 builtin/config.c:70
+#: builtin/config.c:68 builtin/config.c:69
 msgid "slot"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "slot"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:69
+#: builtin/config.c:68
 msgid "find the color configured: [default]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "找到�置的颜色：[默认]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:70
+#: builtin/config.c:69
 msgid "find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "找到颜色设置：[stdout-is-tty]"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:71
+#: builtin/config.c:70
 msgid "Type"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "类型"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:72
+#: builtin/config.c:71
 msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "值是 \"true\" 或 \"false\""
 
-#: builtin/config.c:73
+#: builtin/config.c:72
 msgid "value is decimal number"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "值是�进制数"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:74
+#: builtin/config.c:73
 msgid "value is --bool or --int"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "值是 --bool or --int"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:75
+#: builtin/config.c:74
 msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "值是一个路径（文件或目录�）"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:76
+#: builtin/config.c:75
 msgid "Other"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "其它"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:77
+#: builtin/config.c:76
 msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "终止值是NUL字节"
 
-#: builtin/config.c:78
+#: builtin/config.c:77
 msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "查询时�照 include 指令递归查找"
 
-#: builtin/count-objects.c:69
-msgid "git count-objects [-v]"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:82
+msgid "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v] [-H | --human-readable]"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:97
+msgid "print sizes in human readable format"
+msgstr "以用户�读的格�显示大�"
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:15
 msgid "git describe [options] <committish>*"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git describe [选项] <�交�>*"
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:16
 msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git describe [选项] --dirty"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#: builtin/describe.c:233
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
 msgstr "注释 tag %s 无效"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:237
 #, c-format
 msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
 msgstr "注释 tag %s 没有嵌入�称"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#: builtin/describe.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
 msgstr "tag '%s' 的确是在 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#: builtin/describe.c:266
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
 msgstr "�是一个有效的对象� %s"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#: builtin/describe.c:269
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
 msgstr "%s �是一个有效的 '%s' 对象"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#: builtin/describe.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
 msgstr "没有 tag 准确匹� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#: builtin/describe.c:288
 #, c-format
 msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
 msgstr "�索�述 %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#: builtin/describe.c:328
 #, c-format
 msgid "finished search at %s\n"
 msgstr "完��索 %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#: builtin/describe.c:352
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -4006,7 +4380,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "没有注释 tag 能�述 '%s'。\n"
 "然而，有�注释 tag：�试 --tags。"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#: builtin/describe.c:356
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
@@ -4015,12 +4389,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "没有注释 tag 能�述 '%s'。\n"
 "�试 --always，或者创建一些 tag。"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#: builtin/describe.c:377
 #, c-format
 msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
 msgstr "已�历 %lu 个�交\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#: builtin/describe.c:380
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
@@ -4029,61 +4403,59 @@ msgstr ""
 "�现多于 %i 个 tag，列出最近的 %i 个\n"
 "在 %s 放弃�索\n"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:403
+#: builtin/describe.c:402
 msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "寻找�交之�的 tag（用于�述�交）"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:404
+#: builtin/describe.c:403
 msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在标准错误上调试�索策略"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:404
+msgid "use any ref"
+msgstr "使用任�引用"
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:405
-msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "use any tag, even unannotated"
+msgstr "使用任� tag，�使未带注解"
 
 #: builtin/describe.c:406
-msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/describe.c:407
 msgid "always use long format"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "始终使用长�交�格�"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:410
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/describe.c:409
 msgid "only output exact matches"
-msgstr "没有 tag 准确匹� '%s'"
+msgstr "�输出精确匹�"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:412
+#: builtin/describe.c:411
 msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "考虑最近 <n> 个 tags（默认：10）"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:414
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/describe.c:413
 msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
-msgstr "输出和模�匹�的行"
+msgstr "�考虑匹� <模�> 的 tags"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:416 builtin/name-rev.c:238
+#: builtin/describe.c:415 builtin/name-rev.c:238
 msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示简写的�交�作为�备"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:417
+#: builtin/describe.c:416
 msgid "mark"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "标记"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:418
+#: builtin/describe.c:417
 msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "若工作区�（有�更）在结尾添加 <标记>（默认：\"-dirty\"）"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:436
+#: builtin/describe.c:435
 msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
 msgstr "--long 与 --abbrev=0 �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:462
+#: builtin/describe.c:461
 msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
 msgstr "没有�现�称，无法�述任何东西。"
 
-#: builtin/describe.c:482
+#: builtin/describe.c:481
 msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
 msgstr "--dirty �能与�交�时使用"
 
@@ -4092,232 +4464,231 @@ msgstr "--dirty �能与�交�时使用"
 msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
 msgstr "'%s'：�是一个正规文件或符�链接"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:224
+#: builtin/diff.c:228
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid option: %s"
 msgstr "无效选项：%s"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:301
+#: builtin/diff.c:305
 msgid "Not a git repository"
 msgstr "�是一个 git 版本库"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:344
+#: builtin/diff.c:348
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
 msgstr "�供了无效对象 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:349
+#: builtin/diff.c:353
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
 msgstr "�供了超过 %d 个树对象：'%s'"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:359
+#: builtin/diff.c:363
 #, c-format
 msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
-msgstr "�供了超过两个二进制对象（blob）：'%s'"
+msgstr "�供了超过两个数�（blob）对象：'%s'"
 
-#: builtin/diff.c:367
+#: builtin/diff.c:371
 #, c-format
 msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
 msgstr "�供了无法处�的对象 '%s'。"
 
 #: builtin/fast-export.c:22
 msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:635
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:658
 msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
-msgstr "显示��类型的对象"
+msgstr "在 <n> 个对象之�显示进度"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:637
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:660
 msgid "select handling of signed tags"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "选择如何处�签� tags"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:640
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:663
 msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "选择当 tag 指�被过滤时 tags 的处�方�"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:643
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:666
 msgid "Dump marks to this file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "把标记存储到这个文件"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:645
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:668
 msgid "Import marks from this file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从这个文件导入标记"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:647
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:670
 msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "当 tags 缺少标记者字段时，�装�供一个"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:649
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:672
 msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�次�交都输出整个树"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:651
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:674
 msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用 done 功能�终止�"
 
-#: builtin/fast-export.c:652
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:675
 msgid "Skip output of blob data"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "跳过数�对象的输出"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:20
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git fetch [<选项>] [<版本库> [<引用表达�>...]]"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:21
 msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git fetch [<选项>] <组>"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:22
 msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<选项>] [(<版本库> | <组>)...]"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:23
 msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git fetch --all [<选项>]"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:60
 msgid "fetch from all remotes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从所有的远程抓�"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:62
 msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "追加到 .git/FETCH_HEAD 而�是覆盖它"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:64
 msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "上传包到远程的路径"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:65
 msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "强制覆盖本地分支"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:67
 msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从多个远程抓�"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:69
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
-msgstr "更新远程引用和相关的对象"
+msgstr "抓�所有的 tags 和关�对象"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:71
 msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�抓�任何 tags (--no-tags)"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:73
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
-msgstr "%s 没有�自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
+msgstr "清除远程已��存在的分支的跟踪分支"
 
+#  译者：�选值，�能翻译
 #: builtin/fetch.c:74
 msgid "on-demand"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "on-demand"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:75
 msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "控制�模组的递归抓�"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:79
 msgid "keep downloaded pack"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "��下载包"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:81
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
-msgstr "无法更新 HEAD 引用"
+msgstr "�许更新 HEAD 引用"
 
 #: builtin/fetch.c:84
 msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "深化浅克隆的历�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:85 builtin/log.c:1083
+#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+msgid "convert to a complete repository"
+msgstr "转�为一个完整的版本库"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:88 builtin/log.c:1130
 msgid "dir"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "目录"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:86
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/fetch.c:89
 msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
-msgstr "无法递归进�模组路径 '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "在�模组路径输出的��加上此目录"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:89
+#: builtin/fetch.c:92
 msgid "default mode for recursion"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "递归的默认模�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:201
+#: builtin/fetch.c:204
 msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
 msgstr "无法�现远程 HEAD 引用"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:254
+#: builtin/fetch.c:257
 #, c-format
 msgid "object %s not found"
 msgstr "对象 %s 未�现"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:260
+#: builtin/fetch.c:262
 msgid "[up to date]"
 msgstr "[最新]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:274
+#: builtin/fetch.c:276
 #, c-format
 msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
 msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  （在当�分支下�能获�）"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:275 builtin/fetch.c:361
+#: builtin/fetch.c:277 builtin/fetch.c:363
 msgid "[rejected]"
 msgstr "[已拒�]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:286
+#: builtin/fetch.c:288
 msgid "[tag update]"
 msgstr "[tagæ›´æ–°]"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/fetch.c:288 builtin/fetch.c:323 builtin/fetch.c:341
+#: builtin/fetch.c:290 builtin/fetch.c:325 builtin/fetch.c:343
 msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
 msgstr "  （�能更新本地引用）"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:306
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
 msgid "[new tag]"
 msgstr "[æ–°tag]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:309
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
 msgid "[new branch]"
 msgstr "[新分支]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:312
+#: builtin/fetch.c:314
 msgid "[new ref]"
 msgstr "[新引用]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:357
+#: builtin/fetch.c:359
 msgid "unable to update local ref"
 msgstr "�能更新本地引用"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:357
+#: builtin/fetch.c:359
 msgid "forced update"
 msgstr "强制更新"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:363
+#: builtin/fetch.c:365
 msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
 msgstr "（�快进�）"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:394 builtin/fetch.c:686
+#: builtin/fetch.c:396 builtin/fetch.c:688
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
 msgstr "无法打开 %s：%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:403
+#: builtin/fetch.c:405
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
 msgstr "%s 未��所有必须的对象\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:489
+#: builtin/fetch.c:491
 #, c-format
 msgid "From %.*s\n"
 msgstr "�自 %.*s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:500
+#: builtin/fetch.c:502
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
@@ -4327,203 +4698,208 @@ msgstr ""
 " 'git remote prune %s' �删除旧的�有冲�的分支"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#: builtin/fetch.c:552
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
-msgstr "   （%s 将�为悬空状�）"
+msgstr "   （%s 将�为摇摆状�）"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/fetch.c:551
+#: builtin/fetch.c:553
 #, c-format
 msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
-msgstr "   （%s 已�为悬空状�）"
+msgstr "   （%s 已�为摇摆状�）"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:558
+#: builtin/fetch.c:560
 msgid "[deleted]"
 msgstr "[已删除]"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:559 builtin/remote.c:1055
+#: builtin/fetch.c:561 builtin/remote.c:1055
 msgid "(none)"
 msgstr "（无）"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:676
+#: builtin/fetch.c:678
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
 msgstr "拒�获�到�裸版本库的当�分支 %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:710
+#: builtin/fetch.c:712
 #, c-format
 msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
 msgstr "�知�如何从 %s 获�"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:787
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
 msgstr "选项 \"%s\" 的值 \"%s\" 对于 %s 是无效的"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:790
+#: builtin/fetch.c:792
 #, c-format
 msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
 msgstr "选项 \"%s\" 为 %s 所忽略\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:892
+#: builtin/fetch.c:894
 #, c-format
 msgid "Fetching %s\n"
 msgstr "正在获� %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:894 builtin/remote.c:100
+#: builtin/fetch.c:896 builtin/remote.c:100
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not fetch %s"
 msgstr "�能获� %s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:913
+#: builtin/fetch.c:915
 msgid ""
 "No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
 "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
 msgstr "未指定远程版本库。请通过一个URL或远程版本库�指定，用以获�新�交。"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:933
+#: builtin/fetch.c:935
 msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
 msgstr "您需�指定一个 tag �称。"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:985
+#: builtin/fetch.c:981
+msgid "--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"
+msgstr "--depth 和 --unshallow �能�时使用"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:983
+msgid "--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"
+msgstr "对于一个完整的版本库，�数 --unshallow 没有�义"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1002
 msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
 msgstr "fetch --all �能带一个版本库�数"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:987
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1004
 msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
 msgstr "fetch --all 带引用表达�没有任何�义"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:998
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1015
 #, c-format
 msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
 msgstr "没有这样的远程或远程组：%s"
 
-#: builtin/fetch.c:1006
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1023
 msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
 msgstr "获�组并指定引用表达�没有�义"
 
 #: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
 msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
 msgstr ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:653 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:656 builtin/grep.c:786
-#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:656 builtin/show-ref.c:192
-#: builtin/tag.c:448 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:663 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:666 builtin/grep.c:701
+#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:655 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/tag.c:446 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:239
 msgid "n"
-msgstr "æ•°å­—"
+msgstr "n"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:654
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:664
 msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "��交说明中最多�制指定�目（�并而�的�交）的简短说明"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:657
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:667
 msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�数 --log 的别�（已弃用）"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:660
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:670
 msgid "text"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "文本"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:661
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:671
 msgid "use <text> as start of message"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用 <文本> 作为�交说明的开始"
 
-#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:672
 msgid "file to read from"
-msgstr "�能读 %s"
+msgstr "从文件中读�"
 
 #: builtin/for-each-ref.c:979
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [选项] [<模�>]"
 
 #: builtin/for-each-ref.c:994
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "引用��符适用于 shells"
 
 #: builtin/for-each-ref.c:996
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "引用��符适用于 perl"
 
 #: builtin/for-each-ref.c:998
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "引用��符适用于 python"
 
 #: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1000
 msgid "quote placeholders suitably for tcl"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "引用��符适用于 tcl"
 
 #: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1003
 msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示 <n> 个匹�的引用"
 
 #: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
 msgid "format"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "格�"
 
 #: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
 msgid "format to use for the output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "输出格�"
 
 #: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1005
 msgid "key"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "key"
 
 #: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1006
 msgid "field name to sort on"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "排�的字段�"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:608
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [选项] [<对象>...]"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:614
 msgid "show unreachable objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示��达的对象"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:615
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "show dangling objects"
-msgstr "索引对象中"
+msgstr "显示摇摆的对象"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:616
 msgid "report tags"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "报告 tags"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:617
 msgid "report root nodes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "报告根节点"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:618
 msgid "make index objects head nodes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "将索引亦作为检查的头节点"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:619
 msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "将引用日志作为检查的头节点（默认）"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:620
 msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "也考虑包和备用对象"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:621
 msgid "enable more strict checking"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�用更严格的检查"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:623
 msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "将摇摆对象写入 .git/lost-found 中"
 
 #: builtin/fsck.c:624 builtin/prune.c:134
 msgid "show progress"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示进度"
 
 #: builtin/gc.c:22
 msgid "git gc [options]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git gc [选项]"
 
 #: builtin/gc.c:63
 #, c-format
@@ -4537,22 +4913,17 @@ msgstr "�正常的长对象目录 %.*s"
 
 #: builtin/gc.c:179
 msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "清除未引用的对象"
 
 #: builtin/gc.c:181
 msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "更彻底（增加�行时间）"
 
 #: builtin/gc.c:182
 msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�用自动垃圾回收模�"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:221
-#, c-format
-msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
-msgstr "自动打包版本库以求最佳性能。\n"
-
-#: builtin/gc.c:224
+#: builtin/gc.c:222
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
@@ -4561,239 +4932,235 @@ msgstr ""
 "自动打包版本库以求最佳性能。您还�以手动�行 \"git gc\"。\n"
 "�� \"git help gc\" 以获�更多信�。\n"
 
-#: builtin/gc.c:251
+#: builtin/gc.c:249
 msgid ""
 "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
 msgstr "有太多��达的�散对象，�行 'git prune' 删除它们。"
 
 #: builtin/grep.c:22
 msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git grep [选项] [-e] <模�> [<修订>...] [[--] <路径>...]"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:216
+#: builtin/grep.c:217
 #, c-format
 msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
 msgstr "grep：无法创建线程：%s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:454
+#: builtin/grep.c:365
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
 msgstr "无法切�目录：%s"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:530 builtin/grep.c:564
+#: builtin/grep.c:443 builtin/grep.c:478
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
 msgstr "无法读�树（%s）"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:578
+#: builtin/grep.c:493
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
 msgstr "无法抓��自于 %s 类型的对象"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:636
+#: builtin/grep.c:551
 #, c-format
 msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
 msgstr "开关 `%c' 期望一个数字值"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:653
+#: builtin/grep.c:568
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open '%s'"
 msgstr "�能打开 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:728
+#: builtin/grep.c:643
 msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在索引区�索而�是在工作区"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:730
+#: builtin/grep.c:645
 msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在未被 git 管�的内容中查找"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
-#: builtin/grep.c:732
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/grep.c:647
 msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
-msgstr "（使用 -u �数显示未跟踪的文件）"
+msgstr "在跟踪和未跟踪的文件中�索"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:734
+#: builtin/grep.c:649
 msgid "search also in ignored files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "也在忽略的文件中�索"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:737
+#: builtin/grep.c:652
 msgid "show non-matching lines"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示未匹�的行"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:739
+#: builtin/grep.c:654
 msgid "case insensitive matching"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�区分大�写匹�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:741
+#: builtin/grep.c:656
 msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�在��边界匹�模�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:743
+#: builtin/grep.c:658
 msgid "process binary files as text"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "把二进制文件当�文本处�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:745
+#: builtin/grep.c:660
 msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�在二进制文件中匹�模�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:748
+#: builtin/grep.c:663
 msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "最多以指定的深度�下寻找"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:752
+#: builtin/grep.c:667
 msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用扩展的 POSIX 正则表达�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:755
+#: builtin/grep.c:670
 msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用基本的 POSIX 正则表达�（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:758
+#: builtin/grep.c:673
 msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "把模�解�为固定的字符串"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:761
+#: builtin/grep.c:676
 msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用 Perl 兼容的正则表达�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:764
+#: builtin/grep.c:679
 msgid "show line numbers"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示行�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:765
+#: builtin/grep.c:680
 msgid "don't show filenames"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示文件�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:766
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/grep.c:681
 msgid "show filenames"
-msgstr "%s文件："
+msgstr "显示文件�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:768
+#: builtin/grep.c:683
 msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示相对于顶级目录的文件�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:770
+#: builtin/grep.c:685
 msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示文件�而�显示匹�的行"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:772
+#: builtin/grep.c:687
 msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "和 --files-with-matches �义"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:775
+#: builtin/grep.c:690
 msgid "show only the names of files without match"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示未匹�的文件�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:777
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/grep.c:692
 msgid "print NUL after filenames"
-msgstr "为所有文件��添加 <根目录>"
+msgstr "在文件��输出 NUL 字符"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:779
+#: builtin/grep.c:694
 msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示总匹�行数，而�显示匹�的行"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:780
+#: builtin/grep.c:695
 msgid "highlight matches"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "高亮显示匹�项"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:782
+#: builtin/grep.c:697
 msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在��文件的匹�项之间打�空行"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:784
+#: builtin/grep.c:699
 msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�在�一文件的匹�项的上�显示一次文件�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:787
+#: builtin/grep.c:702
 msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示匹�项��的 <n> 行上下文"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:790
+#: builtin/grep.c:705
 msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示匹�项� <n> 行上下文"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:792
+#: builtin/grep.c:707
 msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示匹�项� <n> 行上下文"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:793
+#: builtin/grep.c:708
 msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "快�键 -C 数字"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:796
+#: builtin/grep.c:711
 msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在匹�的��显示一行函数�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:798
+#: builtin/grep.c:713
 msgid "show the surrounding function"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示所在函数的��内容"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:801
+#: builtin/grep.c:716
 msgid "read patterns from file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从文件读�模�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:803
+#: builtin/grep.c:718
 msgid "match <pattern>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "匹� <模�>"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:805
+#: builtin/grep.c:720
 msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "组�用 -e �数设定的模�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:817
+#: builtin/grep.c:732
 msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�输出，而用退出�标识命中状�"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:819
+#: builtin/grep.c:734
 msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示匹�所有模�的文件中的匹�"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:736
+msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
+msgstr "显示 grep 表达�的解�树"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:822
+#: builtin/grep.c:740
 msgid "pager"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "分页"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:822
+#: builtin/grep.c:740
 msgid "show matching files in the pager"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "分页显示匹�的文件"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:825
+#: builtin/grep.c:743
 msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�许调用 grep(1)（本次构建忽略）"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:826 builtin/show-ref.c:201
+#: builtin/grep.c:744 builtin/show-ref.c:184
 msgid "show usage"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示用法"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:917
+#: builtin/grep.c:811
 msgid "no pattern given."
 msgstr "未�供模�匹�。"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:931
-#, c-format
-msgid "bad object %s"
-msgstr "�对象 %s"
-
-#: builtin/grep.c:972
+#: builtin/grep.c:866
 msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
 msgstr "--open-files-in-pager 仅用于工作区"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:995
+#: builtin/grep.c:889
 msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
 msgstr "--cached 或 --untracked �能与 --no-index �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:1000
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
 msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
 msgstr "--no-index 或 --untracked �能和版本�时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:1003
+#: builtin/grep.c:897
 msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
 msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard �能用于已跟踪内容。"
 
-#: builtin/grep.c:1011
+#: builtin/grep.c:905
 msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
 msgstr "�时给出了 --cached 和树对象。"
 
@@ -4802,81 +5169,85 @@ msgid ""
 "git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
 "<file>..."
 msgstr ""
+"git hash-object [-t <类型>] [-w] [--path=<文件>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
+"<文件>..."
 
 #: builtin/hash-object.c:61
 msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <路径列表>"
 
 #: builtin/hash-object.c:72
 msgid "type"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "类型"
 
 #: builtin/hash-object.c:72
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "object type"
-msgstr "�的对象类型。"
+msgstr "对象类型"
 
 #: builtin/hash-object.c:73
 msgid "write the object into the object database"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "将对象写入对象数�库"
 
 #: builtin/hash-object.c:74
 msgid "read the object from stdin"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从标准输入读�对象"
 
 #: builtin/hash-object.c:76
 msgid "store file as is without filters"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "原样存储文件�使用过滤器"
 
 #: builtin/hash-object.c:77
 msgid "process file as it were from this path"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "处�文件并�设其�自于此路径"
 
 #: builtin/help.c:43
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "print all available commands"
-msgstr "在 '%s' 下�用的 git 命令"
+msgstr "打�所有�用的命令"
 
 #: builtin/help.c:44
-msgid "show man page"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "print list of useful guides"
+msgstr "显示有用的指�列表"
 
 #: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr "显示 man 手册"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:46
 msgid "show manual in web browser"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在 web �览器中显示手册"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:47
+#: builtin/help.c:48
 msgid "show info page"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示 info 手册"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:53
-msgid "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
-msgstr ""
+#: builtin/help.c:54
+msgid "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--guides] [--man|--web|--info] [命令]"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:65
+#: builtin/help.c:66
 #, c-format
 msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
 msgstr "未能识别的帮助格� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:93
+#: builtin/help.c:94
 msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
 msgstr "无法�动 emacsclient。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:106
+#: builtin/help.c:107
 msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
 msgstr "无法解� emacsclient 版本。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:114
+#: builtin/help.c:115
 #, c-format
 msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
-msgstr "emacsclient 版本 '%d' 太� (< 22)。"
+msgstr "emacsclient 版本 '%d' 太�（< 22）。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:160 builtin/help.c:169 builtin/help.c:177
+#: builtin/help.c:133 builtin/help.c:161 builtin/help.c:170 builtin/help.c:178
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
 msgstr "无法执行 '%s'：%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:217
+#: builtin/help.c:218
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
@@ -4885,7 +5256,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s'：�支�的 man 手册查看器的路径。\n"
 "请使用 'man.<tool>.cmd'。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:229
+#: builtin/help.c:230
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
@@ -4894,307 +5265,335 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s': 支�的 man 手册查看器命令。\n"
 "请使用 'man.<tool>.path'。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:299
-msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
-msgstr "最常用的 git 命令有："
-
-#: builtin/help.c:367
+#: builtin/help.c:351
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
 msgstr "'%s'：未知的 man 查看器。"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:384
+#: builtin/help.c:368
 msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "没有 man 查看器处�此请求"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:392
+#: builtin/help.c:376
 msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
 msgstr "没有 info 查看器处�此请求"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:447 builtin/help.c:454
+#: builtin/help.c:422
+msgid "Defining attributes per path"
+msgstr "定义路径的属性"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:423
+msgid "A Git glossary"
+msgstr "Git �汇表"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:424
+msgid "Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore"
+msgstr "忽略指定的未跟踪文件"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:425
+msgid "Defining submodule properties"
+msgstr "定义�模组属性"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:426
+msgid "Specifying revisions and ranges for Git"
+msgstr "指定 Git 的版本和版本范围"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:427
+msgid "A tutorial introduction to Git (for version 1.5.1 or newer)"
+msgstr "一个 Git 教程（针对 1.5.1 或更新版本）"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:428
+msgid "An overview of recommended workflows with Git"
+msgstr "Git 推�的工作�概览"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:440
+msgid "The common Git guides are:\n"
+msgstr "最常用的 Git �导有：\n"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:462 builtin/help.c:478
 #, c-format
 msgid "usage: %s%s"
 msgstr "用法：%s%s"
 
-#: builtin/help.c:470
+#: builtin/help.c:494
 #, c-format
 msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
 msgstr "`git %s' 是 `%s' 的别�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:170
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:182
 #, c-format
 msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
 msgstr "%s 的对象类型�匹�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:190
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:202
 msgid "object of unexpected type"
 msgstr "�外的类型的对象"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:239
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
 msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
 msgstr[0] "无法填充 %d 字节"
 msgstr[1] "无法填充 %d 字节"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:249
 msgid "early EOF"
 msgstr "过早的文件结�符（EOF）"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:238
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
 msgid "read error on input"
 msgstr "输入上的读错误"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:262
 msgid "used more bytes than were available"
 msgstr "用掉了超过�用的字节"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:257
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:269
 msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
 msgstr "包太大超过了当� off_t 的定义"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:285
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to create '%s'"
 msgstr "�能创建 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:278
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:290
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
 msgstr "无法打开包文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:304
 msgid "pack signature mismatch"
 msgstr "包签��匹�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:306
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�支�包版本 %<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:312
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:324
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
 msgstr "包中有错误的对象�于 %lu：%s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:434
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:446
 #, c-format
 msgid "inflate returned %d"
 msgstr "解压缩返回 %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:483
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:495
 msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
 msgstr "�移值覆盖了 delta 基准对象"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:491
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:503
 msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
 msgstr "delta 基准�移越界"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:499
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:511
 #, c-format
 msgid "unknown object type %d"
 msgstr "未知对象类型 %d"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:542
 msgid "cannot pread pack file"
 msgstr "无法读�包文件"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:532
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:544
 #, c-format
 msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
 msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
 msgstr[0] "包文件过早结�，缺少 %lu 字节"
 msgstr[1] "包文件过早结�，缺少 %lu 字节"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:558
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:570
 msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
 msgstr "解压缩严�的�一致"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:649 builtin/index-pack.c:655 builtin/index-pack.c:678
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:712 builtin/index-pack.c:721
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:661 builtin/index-pack.c:667 builtin/index-pack.c:690
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:724 builtin/index-pack.c:733
 #, c-format
 msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
 msgstr "�现 %s 出现 SHA1 冲��"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:652 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:664 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:262
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to read %s"
 msgstr "�能读 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:718
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:730
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
 msgstr "�能读�现存对象 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:732
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:744
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid blob object %s"
-msgstr "无效的二进制对象（blob）%s"
+msgstr "无效的数�（blob）对象 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:747
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:759
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid %s"
 msgstr "无效的 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:749
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:761
 msgid "Error in object"
 msgstr "对象中出错"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:751
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:763
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
 msgstr "%s 的所有�对象并�都�达"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:821 builtin/index-pack.c:847
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:833 builtin/index-pack.c:863
 msgid "failed to apply delta"
 msgstr "无法应用 delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1004
 msgid "Receiving objects"
 msgstr "接收对象中"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1004
 msgid "Indexing objects"
 msgstr "索引对象中"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1012
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1030
 msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
 msgstr "包冲�（SHA1 �匹�）"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1017
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1035
 msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
 msgstr "�能枚举包文件状�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1020
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1038
 msgid "pack has junk at the end"
 msgstr "包的结尾有垃圾数�"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1031
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1049
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
 msgstr "parse_pack_objects() 中�到���喻的问题"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1054
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1072
 msgid "Resolving deltas"
 msgstr "处� delta 中"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1064
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1082
+#, c-format
 msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
-msgstr "grep：无法创建线程：%s"
+msgstr "�能创建线程：%s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1106
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1124
 msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
 msgstr "���喻"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1112
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1132
 #, c-format
 msgid "completed with %d local objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "完� %d 个本地对象"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1121
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1142
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "对 %s 的尾部校验出现�外（�盘��？）"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1125
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1146
 #, c-format
 msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
 msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
 msgstr[0] "包有 %d 个未解决的 delta"
 msgstr[1] "包有 %d 个未解决的 delta"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1150
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1171
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
-msgstr "�能缩�附加对象（%d）"
+msgstr "�能压缩附加对象（%d）"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1229
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1250
 #, c-format
 msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
 msgstr "本地对象 %s 已��"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1253
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
 msgid "error while closing pack file"
 msgstr "关闭包文件时出错"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1266
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
 msgstr "无法写�留文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1295
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
 msgstr "无法关闭�留文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1308
 msgid "cannot store pack file"
 msgstr "无法存储包文件"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1298
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1319
 msgid "cannot store index file"
 msgstr "无法存储索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1331
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1352
+#, c-format
 msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
-msgstr "�的索引版本 '%s'"
+msgstr "�的 pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1337
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1358
 #, c-format
 msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "指定的线程数无效（%d）"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1341 builtin/index-pack.c:1514
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1362 builtin/index-pack.c:1535
 #, c-format
 msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "没有线程支�，忽略 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1399
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1420
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
 msgstr "无法打开现存包文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1422
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
 msgstr "无法为 %s 打开包索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1448
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1469
 #, c-format
 msgid "non delta: %d object"
 msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
 msgstr[0] "� delta：%d 个对象"
 msgstr[1] "� delta：%d 个对象"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1455
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1476
 #, c-format
 msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
 msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
 msgstr[0] "链长 = %d: %lu 对象"
 msgstr[1] "链长 = %d: %lu 对象"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1482
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1503
 msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
 msgstr "无法返回当�工作目录"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1526 builtin/index-pack.c:1529
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1541 builtin/index-pack.c:1545
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1547 builtin/index-pack.c:1550
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1562 builtin/index-pack.c:1566
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad %s"
 msgstr "错误选项 %s"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1559
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1580
 msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
 msgstr "--fix-thin �能和 --stdin �时使用"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1563 builtin/index-pack.c:1573
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1584 builtin/index-pack.c:1594
 #, c-format
 msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
 msgstr "包� '%s' 没有以 '.pack' 结尾"
 
-#: builtin/index-pack.c:1582
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1603
 msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
 msgstr "--verify 没有�供包��数"
 
@@ -5317,22 +5716,23 @@ msgstr "无法获知当�路径"
 
 #: builtin/init-db.c:467
 msgid ""
-"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared"
-"[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--"
+"shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
 msgstr ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<模�目录>] [--shared[=<��>]] "
+"[目录]"
 
 #: builtin/init-db.c:490
 msgid "permissions"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "��"
 
 #: builtin/init-db.c:491
 msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "指定 git 版本库是多个用户之间共享的"
 
 #: builtin/init-db.c:493 builtin/prune-packed.c:77
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "be quiet"
-msgstr "更加安�"
+msgstr "��安�"
 
 #: builtin/init-db.c:522 builtin/init-db.c:529
 #, c-format
@@ -5362,403 +5762,390 @@ msgstr "�能访问当�工作目录"
 msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
 msgstr "�能访问工作区 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:37
-#, fuzzy
-msgid "git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+#: builtin/log.c:40
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+msgstr "git log [<选项>] [<版本范围>] [[--] <路径>...]\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:38
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/log.c:41
 msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "   或者：git show [选项] <对象>..."
 
-#: builtin/log.c:100
+#: builtin/log.c:103
 msgid "suppress diff output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示差异输出"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:101
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/log.c:104
 msgid "show source"
-msgstr "�的�"
+msgstr "显示�"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:105
+msgid "Use mail map file"
+msgstr "使用邮件映射文件"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:102
+#: builtin/log.c:106
 msgid "decorate options"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "修饰选项"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:189
+#: builtin/log.c:199
 #, c-format
 msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
 msgstr "最终输出：%d %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:403 builtin/log.c:494
+#: builtin/log.c:422 builtin/log.c:514
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read object %s"
 msgstr "�能读�对象 %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:518
+#: builtin/log.c:538
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown type: %d"
 msgstr "未知类型：%d"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:608
+#: builtin/log.c:638
 msgid "format.headers without value"
 msgstr "format.headers 没有值"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:682
+#: builtin/log.c:720
 msgid "name of output directory is too long"
 msgstr "输出目录�太长"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:693
+#: builtin/log.c:736
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
 msgstr "无法打开补�文件 %s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:707
+#: builtin/log.c:750
 msgid "Need exactly one range."
 msgstr "�需�一个范围。"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:715
+#: builtin/log.c:758
 msgid "Not a range."
 msgstr "�是一个范围。"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:789
+#: builtin/log.c:860
 msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
 msgstr "信�需�邮件地�格�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:862
+#: builtin/log.c:936
 #, c-format
 msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
 msgstr "�正常的 in-reply-to：%s"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:890
+#: builtin/log.c:964
 msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git format-patch [选项] [<从> | <修订集范围>]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:935
+#: builtin/log.c:1009
 msgid "Two output directories?"
 msgstr "两个输出目录？"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1063
+#: builtin/log.c:1108
 msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用 [PATCH n/m]，�使�有一个补�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1066
+#: builtin/log.c:1111
 msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用 [PATCH]，�使有多个补�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1070
+#: builtin/log.c:1115
 msgid "print patches to standard out"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "打�补�到标准输出"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1072
+#: builtin/log.c:1117
 msgid "generate a cover letter"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "生�一�附信"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1074
+#: builtin/log.c:1119
 msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用简�的数字�列作为输出文件�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1075
+#: builtin/log.c:1120
 msgid "sfx"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�缀"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1076
+#: builtin/log.c:1121
 msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用 <�缀> 代替 '.patch'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1078
+#: builtin/log.c:1123
 msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "补�以 <n> 开始编�，而�是1"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1125
+msgid "mark the series as Nth re-roll"
+msgstr "标记补�系列是第几次�制"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1080
+#: builtin/log.c:1127
 msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用 [<�缀>] 代替 [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1083
+#: builtin/log.c:1130
 msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "把结果文件存储在 <dir>"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1086
+#: builtin/log.c:1133
 msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�删除/添加 [PATCH]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1089
+#: builtin/log.c:1136
 msgid "don't output binary diffs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�输出二进制差异"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1091
+#: builtin/log.c:1138
 msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�包�已在上游�交中的补�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1093
+#: builtin/log.c:1140
 msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示纯补�格�而�默认的（补�+状�）"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1095
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/log.c:1142
 msgid "Messaging"
-msgstr "�并："
+msgstr "邮件��"
 
-#  译者：注����尾空格
-#: builtin/log.c:1096
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/log.c:1143
 msgid "header"
-msgstr "领先 "
+msgstr "header"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1097
+#: builtin/log.c:1144
 msgid "add email header"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加邮件头"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1098 builtin/log.c:1100
+#: builtin/log.c:1145 builtin/log.c:1147
 msgid "email"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "邮件地�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1098
+#: builtin/log.c:1145
 msgid "add To: header"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加收件人"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1100
+#: builtin/log.c:1147
 msgid "add Cc: header"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加抄�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1102
+#: builtin/log.c:1149
 msgid "message-id"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "message-id"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1103
+#: builtin/log.c:1150
 msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使第一�邮件作为对 <message-id> 的回�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1104 builtin/log.c:1107
+#: builtin/log.c:1151 builtin/log.c:1154
 msgid "boundary"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "边界"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1105
+#: builtin/log.c:1152
 msgid "attach the patch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "附件方�添加补�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1108
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/log.c:1155
 msgid "inline the patch"
-msgstr "忽略补�中的添加的文件"
+msgstr "内�显示补�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1112
+#: builtin/log.c:1159
 msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�用邮件线索，风格：浅，深"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1114
+#: builtin/log.c:1161
 msgid "signature"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "签�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1115
+#: builtin/log.c:1162
 msgid "add a signature"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加一个签�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1117
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/log.c:1164
 msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
-msgstr "无法打开补�文件 %s"
+msgstr "��打�补�文件�"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1157
-#, c-format
-msgid "bogus committer info %s"
-msgstr "虚�的�交者信� %s"
-
-#: builtin/log.c:1202
+#: builtin/log.c:1248
 msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "-n 和 -k 互斥。"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1204
+#: builtin/log.c:1250
 msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
 msgstr "--subject-prefix 和 -k 互斥。"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1212
+#: builtin/log.c:1258
 msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-only 无�义"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1214
+#: builtin/log.c:1260
 msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
 msgstr "--name-status 无�义"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1216
+#: builtin/log.c:1262
 msgid "--check does not make sense"
 msgstr "--check 无�义"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1239
+#: builtin/log.c:1285
 msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
 msgstr "标准输出或目录，哪一个？"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1241
+#: builtin/log.c:1287
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
 msgstr "�能创建目录 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1394
+#: builtin/log.c:1435
 msgid "Failed to create output files"
 msgstr "无法创建输出文件"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1443
+#: builtin/log.c:1484
 msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<上游> [<头> [<�制>]]]"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1498
+#: builtin/log.c:1539
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
 msgstr "�能找到跟踪的远程分支，请手工指定 <upstream>。\n"
 
-#: builtin/log.c:1511 builtin/log.c:1513 builtin/log.c:1525
+#: builtin/log.c:1552 builtin/log.c:1554 builtin/log.c:1566
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown commit %s"
 msgstr "未知�交 %s"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:408
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:402
 msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [选项] [<文件>...]"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:459
 msgid "identify the file status with tags"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "用标签标识文件的状�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:461
 msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用�写字�表示 '�设未改�的' 文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
 msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示缓存的文件（默认）"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
 msgid "show deleted files in the output"
-msgstr "删除的文件 %s �有内容"
+msgstr "显示已删除的文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
 msgid "show modified files in the output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示已修改的文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
 msgid "show other files in the output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示其它文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
 msgid "show ignored files in the output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示忽略的文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:474
 msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示暂存区内容的对象�称"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:476
 msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示文件系统需�删除的文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:482
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
 msgid "show 'other' directories' name only"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示“其他�目录的�称"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:481
 msgid "don't show empty directories"
-msgstr "两个输出目录？"
+msgstr "�显示空目录"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:484
 msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示未�并的文件"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:486
 msgid "show resolve-undo information"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示 resolve-undo 信�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:492
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
 msgid "skip files matching pattern"
-msgstr "输出和模�匹�的行"
+msgstr "匹�排除文件的模�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:491
 msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从 <文件> 中读�排除模�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:494
 msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从 <文件> 读��外的�个目录的排除模�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:500
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:496
 msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加标准的 git 排除"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:499
 msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示相对于顶级目录的文件�"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:502
 msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果任何 <文件> 都�在索引区，视为错误"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:507
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
 msgid "tree-ish"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "树或�交"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:508
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:504
 msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�装自从 <树或�交> 之�删除的路径�然存在"
 
-#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
 msgid "show debugging data"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示调试数�"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:27
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-tree [<选项>] <树或�交> [<路径>...]"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:125
 msgid "only show trees"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示树"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:127
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "recurse into subtrees"
-msgstr "�基到远程 %s"
+msgstr "递归到�树"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
 msgid "show trees when recursing"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "当递归时显示树"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:132
 msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�目以NUL字符终止"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:133
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "include object size"
-msgstr "�供了无效对象 '%s'。"
+msgstr "包括对象大�"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:135 builtin/ls-tree.c:137
 msgid "list only filenames"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�列出文件�"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:140
 msgid "use full path names"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用文件的全路径"
 
 #: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
 msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "列出整个树；�仅仅当�目录（�� --full-name）"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:43
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [选项] [<�交>...]"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:44
 msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git merge [选项] <说明> HEAD <�交>"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:45
 msgid "git merge --abort"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git merge --abort"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:90
 msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
@@ -5781,210 +6168,206 @@ msgstr "�用的自定义策略有："
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:183
 msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在�并的最��显示差异统计"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:186
 msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在�并的最�显示差异统计"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:187
 msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "（和 --stat �义）"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:189
 msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在�并�交信�中添加（最多 <n> �）精简�交记录"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:192
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
-msgstr "在�并过程中�能�部分�交。"
+msgstr "创建一个�独的�交而�是�一次�并"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:194
 msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果�并�功，执行一次�交（默认）"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:196
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "edit message before committing"
-msgstr "尚未暂存以备�交的�更："
+msgstr "在�交�编辑�交说明"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:198
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
-msgstr "�快进"
+msgstr "�许快进（默认）"
 
 #: builtin/merge.c:200
 msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果�能快进就放弃�并"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:203
+msgid "Verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature"
+msgstr "验�指定的�交是�包�一个有效的 GPG 签�"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/notes.c:867 builtin/revert.c:112
+#: builtin/merge.c:204 builtin/notes.c:866 builtin/revert.c:112
 msgid "strategy"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "ç­–ç•¥"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:203
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/merge.c:205
 msgid "merge strategy to use"
-msgstr "�试�并策略 %s...\n"
+msgstr "�使用的�并策略"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:204
+#: builtin/merge.c:206
 msgid "option=value"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "option=value"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:205
+#: builtin/merge.c:207
 msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "所选的�并策略的选项"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:207
+#: builtin/merge.c:209
 msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�并的�交说明（针对�快进��并）"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:211
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/merge.c:213
 msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
-msgstr "无法�存当�索引状�"
+msgstr "放弃当�正在进行的�并"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:240
+#: builtin/merge.c:242
 msgid "could not run stash."
 msgstr "�能进行进度�存。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:245
+#: builtin/merge.c:247
 msgid "stash failed"
 msgstr "进度�存失败"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#: builtin/merge.c:252
 #, c-format
 msgid "not a valid object: %s"
 msgstr "�是一个有效对象：%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+#: builtin/merge.c:271 builtin/merge.c:288
 msgid "read-tree failed"
 msgstr "读�树失败"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: builtin/merge.c:316
+#: builtin/merge.c:318
 msgid " (nothing to squash)"
 msgstr " （无�压缩）"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#: builtin/merge.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "压缩�交 -- 未更新 HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:361
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
 msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "写入 SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:363
+#: builtin/merge.c:365
 msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
 msgstr "完� SQUASH_MSG"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#: builtin/merge.c:388
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
 msgstr "无�并信� -- 未更新 HEAD\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:436
+#: builtin/merge.c:438
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
 msgstr "'%s' 没有指�一个�交"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:535
+#: builtin/merge.c:550
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
 msgstr "�的 branch.%s.mergeoptions 字符串：%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:628
+#: builtin/merge.c:643
 msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
 msgstr "git write-tree 无法写入一树对象"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:678
-msgid "failed to read the cache"
-msgstr "无法读�缓存"
-
-#: builtin/merge.c:709
+#: builtin/merge.c:671
 msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
 msgstr "�能处�两个头�并之外的任何�作。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:723
+#: builtin/merge.c:685
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
 msgstr "merge-recursive 的未知选项：-X%s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:737
+#: builtin/merge.c:699
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to write %s"
 msgstr "�能写 %s"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:876
+#: builtin/merge.c:788
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
 msgstr "�能从 '%s' 读�"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:885
+#: builtin/merge.c:797
 #, c-format
 msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
 msgstr "未�交�并，使用 'git commit' 完�此次�并。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:891
+#: builtin/merge.c:803
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
 "especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
 "\n"
-"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
 "the commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "请输入一个�交信�以解释此�并的必�性，尤其是将一个更新�的上游分支\n"
 "�并到主题分支。\n"
 "\n"
-"以 '#' 开头的行将被忽略，而且空�交说明将会终止�交。\n"
+"以 '%c' 开头的行将被忽略，而且空�交说明将会终止�交。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:915
+#: builtin/merge.c:827
 msgid "Empty commit message."
 msgstr "空�交信�。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:927
+#: builtin/merge.c:839
 #, c-format
 msgid "Wonderful.\n"
 msgstr "太棒了。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:992
+#: builtin/merge.c:904
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
 msgstr "自动�并失败，修正冲�然��交修正的结果。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1008
+#: builtin/merge.c:920
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
 msgstr "'%s' �是一个�交"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1049
+#: builtin/merge.c:961
 msgid "No current branch."
 msgstr "没有当�分支。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1051
+#: builtin/merge.c:963
 msgid "No remote for the current branch."
 msgstr "当�分支没有对应的远程版本库。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1053
+#: builtin/merge.c:965
 msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
 msgstr "当�分支没有定义默认的上游分支。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1058
+#: builtin/merge.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
 msgstr "%s 没有�自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1145 builtin/merge.c:1302
+#: builtin/merge.c:1057 builtin/merge.c:1214
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
 msgstr "%s - �能被�并"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1213
+#: builtin/merge.c:1125
 msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
 msgstr "没有�终止的�并（MERGE_HEAD 丢失）。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1229 git-pull.sh:31
+#: builtin/merge.c:1141 git-pull.sh:31
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
@@ -5992,11 +6375,11 @@ msgstr ""
 "您尚未结�您的�并（存在 MERGE_HEAD）。\n"
 "请在�并�先�交您的修改。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1232 git-pull.sh:34
+#: builtin/merge.c:1144 git-pull.sh:34
 msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr "您尚未结�您的�并（存在 MERGE_HEAD）。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1236
+#: builtin/merge.c:1148
 msgid ""
 "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
 "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
@@ -6004,183 +6387,202 @@ msgstr ""
 "您尚未结�您的拣选（存在 CHERRY_PICK_HEAD）。\n"
 "请在�并�先�交您的修改。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1239
+#: builtin/merge.c:1151
 msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
 msgstr "您尚未结�您的拣选（存在 CHERRY_PICK_HEAD）。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1248
+#: builtin/merge.c:1160
 msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
 msgstr "您�能将 --squash 与 --no-ff �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1253
+#: builtin/merge.c:1165
 msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
 msgstr "您�能将 --no-ff 与 --ff-only �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1260
+#: builtin/merge.c:1172
 msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
 msgstr "未指定�交并且 merge.defaultToUpstream 未设置。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1292
+#: builtin/merge.c:1204
 msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
 msgstr "�能将一个�交�并到空分支上"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1295
+#: builtin/merge.c:1207
 msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
 msgstr "尚�支�到空分支的压缩�交"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1297
+#: builtin/merge.c:1209
 msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
 msgstr "到空分支的�快进��交没有�义"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1412
+#: builtin/merge.c:1265
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, allegedly by %s."
+msgstr "�交 %s 有一个��信的声称�自 %s 的 GPG 签�。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1268
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a bad GPG signature allegedly by %s."
+msgstr "�交 %s 有一个错误的声称�自 %s 的 GPG 签�。"
+
+#. 'N'
+#: builtin/merge.c:1271
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."
+msgstr "�交 %s 没有一个 GPG 签�。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"
+msgstr "�交 %s 有一个�自 %s 的好的 GPG 签�。\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1358
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
 msgstr "æ›´æ–° %s..%s\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1450
+#: builtin/merge.c:1397
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
 msgstr "�试�常�的索引内�并...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1457
+#: builtin/merge.c:1404
 #, c-format
 msgid "Nope.\n"
 msgstr "无。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1489
+#: builtin/merge.c:1436
 msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
 msgstr "无法快进，终止。"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1512 builtin/merge.c:1591
+#: builtin/merge.c:1459 builtin/merge.c:1538
 #, c-format
 msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
 msgstr "将树回滚至原始状�...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1516
+#: builtin/merge.c:1463
 #, c-format
 msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
 msgstr "�试�并策略 %s...\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1582
+#: builtin/merge.c:1529
 #, c-format
 msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
 msgstr "没有�并策略处�此�并。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1584
+#: builtin/merge.c:1531
 #, c-format
 msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
 msgstr "使用策略 %s �并失败。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1593
+#: builtin/merge.c:1540
 #, c-format
 msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
 msgstr "使用 %s 以准备手工解决。\n"
 
-#: builtin/merge.c:1605
+#: builtin/merge.c:1552
 #, c-format
 msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
 msgstr "自动�并进展顺利，按�求在�交��止\n"
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:26
 msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] <�交> <�交>..."
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:27
 msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <�交>..."
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:28
 msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git merge-base --independent <�交>..."
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:29
 msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <�交> <�交>"
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:98
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "output all common ancestors"
-msgstr "�现 %u 个共�祖先："
+msgstr "输出所有共�的祖先"
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:99
 msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "查找一个多路�并的祖先�交"
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:100
 msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示�能被其他访问到的版本"
 
 #: builtin/merge-base.c:102
 msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "第一个是其他的祖先�交么？"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:8
 msgid ""
 "git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
 "file2"
 msgstr ""
+"git merge-file [选项] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file file2"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:33
 msgid "send results to standard output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "将结果��到标准输出"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:34
 msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用基于 diff3 的�并"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:35
 msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果冲�，使用我们的版本"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:37
 msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果冲�，使用他们的版本"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:39
 msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果冲�，使用��版本"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:42
 msgid "for conflicts, use this marker size"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果冲�，使用指定长度的标记"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:43
 msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "��警告冲�"
 
 #: builtin/merge-file.c:45
 msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "为 file1/orig_file/file2 设置标签"
 
 #: builtin/mktree.c:67
 msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
 
 #: builtin/mktree.c:153
 msgid "input is NUL terminated"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "输入以 NUL 字符终止"
 
 #: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:24
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "allow missing objects"
-msgstr "接收对象中"
+msgstr "�许丢失的对象"
 
 #: builtin/mktree.c:155
 msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�许创建一个以上的树"
 
 #: builtin/mv.c:14
 msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git mv [选项] <�>... <目标>"
 
 #: builtin/mv.c:64
 msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "强制移动/�命令，�使目标存在"
 
 #: builtin/mv.c:65
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "skip move/rename errors"
-msgstr "程�错误"
+msgstr "跳过移动/�命�错误"
 
 #: builtin/mv.c:108
 #, c-format
@@ -6245,326 +6647,314 @@ msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
 msgstr "�命� '%s' 失败"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:175
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git name-rev [选项] <�交>..."
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:176
 msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git name-rev [选项] --all"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:177
 msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git name-rev [选项] --stdin"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:229
 msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�打��称（无 SHA-1）"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:230
 msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�使用 tags �命��交"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:232
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
-msgstr "输出和模�匹�的行"
+msgstr "�使用和 <模�> 相匹�的引用"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:234
 msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "列出�以从所有引用访问的�交"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:235
 msgid "read from stdin"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从标准输入读�"
 
 #: builtin/name-rev.c:236
 msgid "allow to print `undefined` names"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�许打� `未定义` 的�称"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:23
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
 msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] [list [<对象>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:24
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
 msgid ""
 "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
 "<object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <注解引用>] add [-f] [-m <说明> | -F <文件> | (-c | -C) <对"
+"象>] [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:25
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
 msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] copy [-f] <�对象> <目标对象>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:26
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
 msgid ""
 "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
 "<object>] [<object>]"
 msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <注解引用>] append [-m <说明> | -F <文件> | (-c | -C) <对象"
+">] [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:27
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
 msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] edit [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:28
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
 msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] show [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:29
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
 msgid ""
 "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <策略> ] <注解引用>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:30
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:31
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:32
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
 msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] remove [<对象>...]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:33
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
 msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] prune [-n | -v]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:34
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
 msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <注解引用>] get-ref"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:39
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
 msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes [list [<对象>]]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:44
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
 msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git notes add [<选项>] [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:49
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
 msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes copy [<选项>] <�对象> <目标对象>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:50
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
 msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<�对象> <目标对象>]..."
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:55
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
 msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git notes append [<选项>] [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:60
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
 msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes edit [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:65
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
 msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes show [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:70
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
 msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes merge [<选项>] <注解引用>"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:71
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
 msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<选项>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:72
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
 msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<选项>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:77
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
 msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes remove [<对象>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:82
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
 msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes prune [<选项>]"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:87
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
 msgid "git notes get-ref"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git notes get-ref"
 
 #: builtin/notes.c:139
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "�能为对象 '%s' 开始 'show'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:145
-msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
-msgstr "�能打开 'show' 输出文件�柄"
-
-#: builtin/notes.c:155
-#, c-format
-msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
-msgstr "无法为对象 '%s' 的 'show' 关闭管�"
+#: builtin/notes.c:143
+msgid "could not read 'show' output"
+msgstr "�能读� 'show' 的输出"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#: builtin/notes.c:151
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
 msgstr "无法为对象 '%s' 完� 'show'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:347
+#: builtin/notes.c:169 builtin/tag.c:341
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not create file '%s'"
 msgstr "�能创建文件 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:189
+#: builtin/notes.c:188
 msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
 msgstr "请通过 -m 或 -F 选项为注解�供内容"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:210 builtin/notes.c:973
+#: builtin/notes.c:209 builtin/notes.c:972
 #, c-format
 msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
 msgstr "删除对象 %s 的注解\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:215
+#: builtin/notes.c:214
 msgid "unable to write note object"
 msgstr "�能写注解对象"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:217
+#: builtin/notes.c:216
 #, c-format
 msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
 msgstr "注解内容被留在文件 %s 中"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:251 builtin/tag.c:542
+#: builtin/notes.c:250 builtin/tag.c:540
 #, c-format
 msgid "cannot read '%s'"
 msgstr "�能读� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:253 builtin/tag.c:545
+#: builtin/notes.c:252 builtin/tag.c:543
 #, c-format
 msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
 msgstr "�能打开或读� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:272 builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:447
-#: builtin/notes.c:507 builtin/notes.c:561 builtin/notes.c:644
-#: builtin/notes.c:649 builtin/notes.c:724 builtin/notes.c:766
-#: builtin/notes.c:968 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#: builtin/notes.c:271 builtin/notes.c:444 builtin/notes.c:446
+#: builtin/notes.c:506 builtin/notes.c:560 builtin/notes.c:643
+#: builtin/notes.c:648 builtin/notes.c:723 builtin/notes.c:765
+#: builtin/notes.c:967 builtin/tag.c:556
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
 msgstr "无法解� '%s' 为一个有效引用。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:275
+#: builtin/notes.c:274
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
 msgstr "无法读�对象 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:299
+#: builtin/notes.c:298
 msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
 msgstr "�能�交未�始化/未引用的注解树"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:340
+#: builtin/notes.c:339
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
 msgstr "�的 notes.rewriteMode 值：'%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:350
+#: builtin/notes.c:349
 #, c-format
 msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
 msgstr "拒�� %s（在 refs/notes/ 之外）写入注解"
 
 #. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
 #. environment variable, the second %s is its value
-#: builtin/notes.c:377
+#: builtin/notes.c:376
 #, c-format
 msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
 msgstr "�的 %s 值：'%s'"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:441
+#: builtin/notes.c:440
 #, c-format
 msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
 msgstr "�法的输入行：'%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:456
+#: builtin/notes.c:455
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
 msgstr "无法从 '%s' 到 '%s' 拷�注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:500 builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/notes.c:627
-#: builtin/notes.c:639 builtin/notes.c:712 builtin/notes.c:759
-#: builtin/notes.c:1033
+#: builtin/notes.c:499 builtin/notes.c:553 builtin/notes.c:626
+#: builtin/notes.c:638 builtin/notes.c:711 builtin/notes.c:758
+#: builtin/notes.c:1032
 msgid "too many parameters"
 msgstr "�数太多"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:513 builtin/notes.c:772
+#: builtin/notes.c:512 builtin/notes.c:771
 #, c-format
 msgid "No note found for object %s."
 msgstr "未�现对象 %s 的注解。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:535 builtin/notes.c:692
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:534 builtin/notes.c:691
 msgid "note contents as a string"
-msgstr "注解内容被留在文件 %s 中"
+msgstr "注解内容作为一个字符串"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:538 builtin/notes.c:695
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:537 builtin/notes.c:694
 msgid "note contents in a file"
-msgstr "无法存储索引文件"
+msgstr "注解内容到一个文件中"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:540 builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:697
-#: builtin/notes.c:700 builtin/tag.c:476
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:539 builtin/notes.c:542 builtin/notes.c:696
+#: builtin/notes.c:699 builtin/tag.c:474
 msgid "object"
-msgstr "�对象 %s"
+msgstr "对象"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:541 builtin/notes.c:698
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:540 builtin/notes.c:697
 msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
-msgstr "�能写注解对象"
+msgstr "�用和编辑指定的注解对象"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:544 builtin/notes.c:701
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:700
 msgid "reuse specified note object"
-msgstr "�能写注解对象"
+msgstr "�用指定的注解对象"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:546 builtin/notes.c:614
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:545 builtin/notes.c:613
 msgid "replace existing notes"
-msgstr "�能读�现存对象 %s"
+msgstr "替�已存在的注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:580
+#: builtin/notes.c:579
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr "�能添加注解。�现对象 %s 已存在注解。使用 '-f' 覆盖现存注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:585 builtin/notes.c:662
+#: builtin/notes.c:584 builtin/notes.c:661
 #, c-format
 msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
 msgstr "覆盖对象 %s 现存注解\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:615
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:614
 msgid "read objects from stdin"
-msgstr "�对象 %s"
+msgstr "从标准输入读�对象"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:617
+#: builtin/notes.c:616
 msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�新加载 <命令> 的�置（�� --stdin）"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:635
+#: builtin/notes.c:634
 msgid "too few parameters"
 msgstr "�数太少"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:656
+#: builtin/notes.c:655
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
 "existing notes"
 msgstr "�能拷�注解。�现对象 %s 已存在注解。使用 '-f' 覆盖现存注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:668
+#: builtin/notes.c:667
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
 msgstr "�对象 %s 缺少注解。�能拷�。"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:717
+#: builtin/notes.c:716
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
@@ -6573,262 +6963,250 @@ msgstr ""
 "�命令 'edit' 的选项 -m/-F/-c/-C 已弃用。\n"
 "请�用 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C'。\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:864
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:863
 msgid "General options"
-msgstr "无效选项：%s"
+msgstr "通用选项"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:866
+#: builtin/notes.c:865
 msgid "Merge options"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�并选项"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:868
+#: builtin/notes.c:867
 msgid ""
 "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
 "cat_sort_uniq)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用指定的策略解决注解冲� (manual/ours/theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:870
+#: builtin/notes.c:869
 msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�交未�并的注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:872
+#: builtin/notes.c:871
 msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "通过�交未�并的注解�完�注解�并"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:874
+#: builtin/notes.c:873
 msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "中止注解�并的方案"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:876
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:875
 msgid "abort notes merge"
-msgstr "path '%s'：无法�并"
+msgstr "中止注解�并"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:971
+#: builtin/notes.c:970
 #, c-format
 msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
 msgstr "对象 %s 没有注解\n"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:983
+#: builtin/notes.c:982
 msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�试删除�存在的注解�是一个错误"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:986
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/notes.c:985
 msgid "read object names from the standard input"
-msgstr "（正从标准输入中读�日志信�）\n"
+msgstr "从标准输入读�对象�称"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1067
+#: builtin/notes.c:1066
 msgid "notes_ref"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "注解引用"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1068
+#: builtin/notes.c:1067
 msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从 <注解引用> 使用注解"
 
-#: builtin/notes.c:1103 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#: builtin/notes.c:1102 builtin/remote.c:1598
 #, c-format
 msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
 msgstr "未知�命令：%s"
 
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:23
 msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git pack-objects --stdout [选项...] [< 引用列表 | < 对象列表]"
 
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:24
 msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git pack-objects [选项...] base-name [< 引用列表 | < 对象列表]"
 
 #: builtin/pack-objects.c:183 builtin/pack-objects.c:186
 #, c-format
 msgid "deflate error (%d)"
 msgstr "压缩错误 (%d)"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2398
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2397
 #, c-format
 msgid "unsupported index version %s"
 msgstr "�支�的索引版本 %s"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2402
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2401
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad index version '%s'"
 msgstr "�的索引版本 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2425
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2424
 #, c-format
 msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
 msgstr "选项 %s �接��定格�"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2429
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2428
 #, c-format
 msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
 msgstr "�能解�选项 %1$s 的值 '%2$s'"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2448
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2447
 msgid "do not show progress meter"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示进度表"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2450
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2449
 msgid "show progress meter"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示进度表"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2452
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2451
 msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在对象写入阶段显示进度表"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2455
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2454
 msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "当进度表显示时类似于 --all-progress"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2456
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2455
 msgid "version[,offset]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "版本[,�移]"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2457
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2456
 msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "用指定的 idx 格�版本�写包索引文件"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2460
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2459
 msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
-msgstr "无法创建输出文件"
+msgstr "�个输出包的最大尺寸"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2462
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2461
 msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "忽略从替代对象存储里借用对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2464
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2463
 msgid "ignore packed objects"
-msgstr "�能读�对象 %s"
+msgstr "忽略包对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2466
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2465
 msgid "limit pack window by objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�制打包窗�的对象数"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2468
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2467
 msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "除对象数��制外设置打包窗�的内存�制"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2470
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2469
 msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "打包�许的 delta 链的最大长度"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2472
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2471
 msgid "reuse existing deltas"
-msgstr "处� delta 中"
+msgstr "�用已存在的 deltas"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2474
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2473
 msgid "reuse existing objects"
-msgstr "�能读�现存对象 %s"
+msgstr "�用已存在的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2476
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2475
 msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用 OFS_DELTA 对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2478
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2477
 msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用线程查询最佳 delta 匹�"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2480
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2479
 msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�创建空的包输出"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2482
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2481
 msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
-msgstr "（正从标准输入中读�日志信�）\n"
+msgstr "从标准输入读�修订��数"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2484
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2483
 msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�制那些尚未打包的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2487
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2486
 msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "包括�以从任何引用访问到的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2490
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2489
 msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "包括被引用日志引用到的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2493
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2492
 msgid "output pack to stdout"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "输出包到标准输出"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2495
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2494
 msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "包括引用了打包对象的 tag"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2497
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2496
 msgid "keep unreachable objects"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "维���达的对象"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2498 parse-options.h:141
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2497 parse-options.h:141
 msgid "time"
 msgstr "时间"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2499
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2498
 msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "将比给定 <时间> 新的无法访问的对象解包"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2502
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2501
 msgid "create thin packs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "创建精简包"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2504
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2503
 msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "忽略�有 .keep 文件的包"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2506
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2505
 msgid "pack compression level"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "打包压缩级别"
 
-#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2508
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2507
 msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
-msgstr "�能写�交模版"
+msgstr "���移�覆盖的�交"
 
 #: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
 msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git pack-refs [选项]"
 
 #: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
 msgid "pack everything"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "打包一切"
 
 #: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
 msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "清除�散的引用（默认）"
 
 #: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
 msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
 
 #: builtin/prune.c:12
 msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <时间>] [--] [<头>...]"
 
 #: builtin/prune.c:132
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "do not remove, show only"
-msgstr "�会删除 %s\n"
+msgstr "�删除，�显示"
 
 #: builtin/prune.c:133
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "report pruned objects"
-msgstr "�能读�对象 %s"
+msgstr "报告清除的对象"
 
 #: builtin/prune.c:136
 msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使早于给定时间的对象过期"
 
 #: builtin/push.c:14
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git push [<选项>] [<版本库> [<引用表达�>...]]"
 
 #: builtin/push.c:45
 msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
@@ -6983,22 +7361,48 @@ msgstr ""
 "检出该分支并与远程�更�并（如 'git pull'），然��推�。详�\n"
 "'git push --help' 中的 'Note about fast-forwards' �节。"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:258
+#: builtin/push.c:224
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+"not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+"to the same ref. You may want to first merge the remote changes (e.g.,\n"
+"'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"更新被拒�，因为远程版本库包�您本地尚�存在的�交。这通常是因为�外\n"
+"一个版本库已推�了相�的引用。�次推��，您�能需�先�并远程�更\n"
+"（如 'git pull'）。\n"
+"详� 'git push --help' 中的 'Note about fast-forwards' �节。"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:231
+msgid "Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote."
+msgstr "更新被拒�因为 tag 在远程已�存在。"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:234
+msgid ""
+"You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+"or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+"without using the '--force' option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"如果�使用 '--force' �数，您�能更新一个指���交对象的远程引用，\n"
+"也�能更新远程引用让其指�一个��交对象。\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:294
 #, c-format
 msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
 msgstr "推�到 %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:262
+#: builtin/push.c:298
 #, c-format
 msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
 msgstr "无法推�一些引用到 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:294
+#: builtin/push.c:331
 #, c-format
 msgid "bad repository '%s'"
 msgstr "�的版本库 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:295
+#: builtin/push.c:332
 msgid ""
 "No configured push destination.\n"
 "Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
@@ -7011,7 +7415,7 @@ msgid ""
 "    git push <name>\n"
 msgstr ""
 "没有�置推�目标。\n"
-"或者通过命令行指定URL，或者用下�命令�置一个远程版本库\n"
+"或通过命令行指定URL，或用下�命令�置一个远程版本库\n"
 "\n"
 "    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
 "\n"
@@ -7019,82 +7423,87 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "    git push <name>\n"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:310
+#: builtin/push.c:347
 msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr "--all 和 --tags �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:311
+#: builtin/push.c:348
 msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr "--all �能和引用表达��时使用"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:316
+#: builtin/push.c:353
 msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
 msgstr "--mirror 和 --tags �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:317
+#: builtin/push.c:354
 msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
 msgstr "--mirror �能和引用表达��时使用"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:322
+#: builtin/push.c:359
 msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
 msgstr "--all 和 --mirror �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:382
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/push.c:419
 msgid "repository"
-msgstr "�的版本库 '%s'"
+msgstr "版本库"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:383
+#: builtin/push.c:420
 msgid "push all refs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "推�所有引用"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:384
+#: builtin/push.c:421
 msgid "mirror all refs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "镜�所有引用"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:386
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/push.c:423
 msgid "delete refs"
-msgstr "删除"
+msgstr "删除引用"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:387
+#: builtin/push.c:424
 msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "推� tags（�能使用 --all or --mirror）"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:390
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/push.c:427
 msgid "force updates"
 msgstr "强制更新"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:391
+#: builtin/push.c:428
 msgid "check"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "检查"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:392
+#: builtin/push.c:429
 msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "控制�模组的递归推�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:394
+#: builtin/push.c:431
 msgid "use thin pack"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "使用精简打包"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:395 builtin/push.c:396
+#: builtin/push.c:432 builtin/push.c:433
 msgid "receive pack program"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "接收包程�"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:397
+#: builtin/push.c:434
 msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "设置 git pull/status 的上游"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:400
+#: builtin/push.c:437
 msgid "prune locally removed refs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "清除本地删除的引用"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:439
+msgid "bypass pre-push hook"
+msgstr "绕过 pre-push 钩�"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:440
+msgid "push missing but relevant tags"
+msgstr "推�缺失的有关的 tags"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:410
+#: builtin/push.c:450
 msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
 msgstr "--delete 与 --all�--mirror � --tags �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/push.c:412
+#: builtin/push.c:452
 msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
 msgstr "--delete 未接任何引用没有�义"
 
@@ -7104,155 +7513,150 @@ msgid ""
 "[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
 "index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
 msgstr ""
+"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<�缀>] [-"
+"u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<文件>] (--empty | <树或�交1> [<树或�交2> [<树或�交3>]])"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:108
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
-msgstr "��的索引文件"
+msgstr "将索引结果写入 <file>"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:111
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "only empty the index"
-msgstr "�能读�索引"
+msgstr "�是清空索引"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:113
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "Merging"
-msgstr "�并："
+msgstr "�并"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:115
 msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "读�之余�执行一个�并"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:117
 msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果没有文件级�并需�，执行三路�并"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:119
 msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "存在添加和删除时，也执行三路�并"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:121
 msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "类似于 -m，但丢弃未�并的�目"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:122
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "<subdirectory>/"
-msgstr "目录/文件"
+msgstr "<�目录>/"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:123
 msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "读�树对象到索引的 <�目录>/ 下"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:126
 msgid "update working tree with merge result"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "用�并的结果更新工作区"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:128
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "gitignore"
-msgstr "忽略的"
+msgstr "gitignore"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:129
 msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�许忽略文件中设定的文件�以被覆盖"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:132
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
-msgstr "显示工作区状�"
+msgstr "�并��检查工作区"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:133
 msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�更新索引区和工作区"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:135
 msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "跳过应用稀�检出过滤器"
 
 #: builtin/read-tree.c:137
 msgid "debug unpack-trees"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "调试 unpack-trees"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:11
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:12
 msgid ""
 "git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
 "mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
 msgstr ""
+"git remote add [-t <分支>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <�称> <url>"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:13 builtin/remote.c:32
 msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote rename <旧�称> <新�称>"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:37
 msgid "git remote remove <name>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote remove <�称>"
 
-#: builtin/remote.c:15
+#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:42
 msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote set-head <�称> (-a | -d | <分支>)"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:16
 msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <�称>"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:17
 msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <�称>"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:18
 msgid ""
 "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<组> | <远程>)...]"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:19
 msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <�称> <分支>..."
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:20 builtin/remote.c:68
 msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <�称> <新的地�> [<旧的地�>]"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
 msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote set-url --add <�称> <新的地�>"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
 msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <�称> <地�>"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:27
 msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
-msgstr ""
-
-#: builtin/remote.c:42
-msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote add [<选项>] <�称> <地�>"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:47
 msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote set-branches <�称> <分支>..."
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:48
 msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <�称> <分支>..."
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:53
 msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote show [<选项>] <�称>"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:58
 msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote prune [<选项>] <�称>"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:63
 msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git remote update [<选项>] [<组> | <远程>]..."
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:98
 #, c-format
@@ -7273,34 +7677,32 @@ msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
 msgstr "未知的镜��数：%s"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:163
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "fetch the remote branches"
-msgstr "  远程分支：%s"
+msgstr "抓�远程的分支"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:165
 msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "抓�时导入所有的 tags 和关�对象"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:168
 msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "或�抓�任何 tag（--no-tags）"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:170
 msgid "branch(es) to track"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "跟踪的分支"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:171
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "master branch"
-msgstr "  远程分支：%s"
+msgstr "主线分支"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:172
 msgid "push|fetch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "push|fetch"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:173
 msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "把远程设置为用以推�或抓�的镜�"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:185
 msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
@@ -7495,9 +7897,8 @@ msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
 msgstr "    %-*s 推�至 %s"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1091
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "do not query remotes"
-msgstr "�会删除 %s\n"
+msgstr "�查询远程"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1118
 #, c-format
@@ -7560,11 +7961,11 @@ msgstr[1] "  为 'git push' �置的本地引用%s："
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1199
 msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "根�远程设置 refs/remotes/<�称>/HEAD"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1201
 msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "删除 refs/remotes/<�称>/HEAD"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1216
 msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
@@ -7593,13 +7994,13 @@ msgstr "�能设置 %s"
 #: builtin/remote.c:1274
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s will become dangling!"
-msgstr " %s 将�为悬空状��"
+msgstr " %s 将�为摇摆状��"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
 #: builtin/remote.c:1275
 #, c-format
 msgid " %s has become dangling!"
-msgstr " %s 已�为悬空状��"
+msgstr " %s 已�为摇摆状��"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1281
 #, c-format
@@ -7623,7 +8024,7 @@ msgstr " * [已删除] %s"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1321
 msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "抓��清除远程"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1387 builtin/remote.c:1461
 #, c-format
@@ -7631,9 +8032,8 @@ msgid "No such remote '%s'"
 msgstr "没有此远程 '%s'"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1407
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "add branch"
-msgstr "�于分支 "
+msgstr "添加分支"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1414
 msgid "no remote specified"
@@ -7641,16 +8041,15 @@ msgstr "未指定远程"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1436
 msgid "manipulate push URLs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�作推� URLS"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1438
 msgid "add URL"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "添加 URL"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1440
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "delete URLs"
-msgstr "删除"
+msgstr "删除 URLS"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1447
 msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
@@ -7672,53 +8071,52 @@ msgstr "将�会删除所有�推�URL地�"
 
 #: builtin/remote.c:1569
 msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "冗长输出；必须置于�命令之�"
 
 #: builtin/replace.c:17
 msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git replace [-f] <对象> <替�物>"
 
 #: builtin/replace.c:18
 msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git replace -d <对象>..."
 
 #: builtin/replace.c:19
 msgid "git replace -l [<pattern>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git replace -l [<模�>]"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:118
+#: builtin/replace.c:121
 msgid "list replace refs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "列出替�的引用"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:119
+#: builtin/replace.c:122
 msgid "delete replace refs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "删除替�的引用"
 
-#: builtin/replace.c:120
+#: builtin/replace.c:123
 msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果存在则替�引用"
 
 #: builtin/rerere.c:11
 msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
 
 #: builtin/rerere.c:56
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
-msgstr "%s：已�存在于索引中"
+msgstr "在索引中注册干净的解决方案"
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:25
 msgid ""
 "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<�交>]"
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:26
-msgid "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgid "git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] <树或�交> [--] <路径>..."
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:27
-msgid "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<树或�交>] [--] [<路径>...]"
 
 #: builtin/reset.c:33
 msgid "mixed"
@@ -7740,104 +8138,109 @@ msgstr "�并"
 msgid "keep"
 msgstr "��"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:77
+#: builtin/reset.c:73
 msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
 msgstr "您没有一个有效的 HEAD。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:79
+#: builtin/reset.c:75
 msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
 msgstr "无法找到 HEAD 指�的树。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#: builtin/reset.c:81
 #, c-format
 msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
 msgstr "无法找到 %s 指�的树。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:96
-msgid "Could not write new index file."
-msgstr "�能写入新的索引文件。"
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#: builtin/reset.c:98
 #, c-format
 msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
 msgstr "HEAD 现在�于 %s"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:130
-msgid "Could not read index"
-msgstr "�能读�索引"
-
-#: builtin/reset.c:133
-msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
-msgstr "�置�撤出暂存区的�更："
-
 #  译者：汉字之间无空格，故删除%s��空格
-#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#: builtin/reset.c:169
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
 msgstr "在�并过程中�能�%s�置�作。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:238
+#: builtin/reset.c:248
 msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "安�模�，�报告错误"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:240
+#: builtin/reset.c:250
 msgid "reset HEAD and index"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�置 HEAD 和索引"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:241
+#: builtin/reset.c:251
 msgid "reset only HEAD"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "��置 HEAD"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:243 builtin/reset.c:245
+#: builtin/reset.c:253 builtin/reset.c:255
 msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�置 HEAD�索引和工作区"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:247
+#: builtin/reset.c:257
 msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�置 HEAD 但�存本地�更"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:303
+#: builtin/reset.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."
+msgstr "无法将 '%s' 解�为一个有效的版本。"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:278 builtin/reset.c:286
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
 msgstr "�能解�对象 '%s'。"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:308
+#: builtin/reset.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."
+msgstr "无法将 '%s' 解�为一个有效的树对象。"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:292
 msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
-msgstr "--patch 与 --{hard,mixed,soft} �兼容"
+msgstr "--patch 与 --{hard�mixed�soft} 选项�兼容"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:317
+#: builtin/reset.c:301
 msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
 msgstr "--mixed 带路径已弃用，而是用 'git reset -- <paths>'。"
 
 #  译者：汉字之间无空格，故删除%s��空格
-#: builtin/reset.c:319
+#: builtin/reset.c:303
 #, c-format
 msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 msgstr "�能带路径进行%s�置。"
 
 #  译者：汉字之间无空格，故删除%s��空格
-#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#: builtin/reset.c:313
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
 msgstr "�能对裸版本库进行%s�置"
 
-#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#: builtin/reset.c:333
 #, c-format
 msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
 msgstr "�能�置索引文件至版本 '%s'。"
 
+#: builtin/reset.c:339
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "�置�撤出暂存区的�更："
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:344
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "�能写入新的索引文件。"
+
 #: builtin/rev-parse.c:339
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [选项] -- [<�数>...]"
 
 #: builtin/rev-parse.c:344
 msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�� `--` 作为一个�数传递"
 
 #: builtin/rev-parse.c:346
 msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�到第一个�选项�数��止解�"
 
 #: builtin/rev-parse.c:464
 msgid ""
@@ -7847,23 +8250,27 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
 msgstr ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [选项] -- [<�数>...]\n"
+"   或者：git rev-parse --sq-quote [<选项>...]\n"
+"   或者：git rev-parse [options] [<选项>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"�次使用时执行 \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" �获得更多信�。"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:22
-msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git revert [选项] <�交�>..."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:23
 msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git revert <�命令>"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:28
-msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>..."
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [选项] <�交�>..."
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:29
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
-msgstr "拣选失败"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick <�命令>"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:70 builtin/revert.c:92
 #, c-format
@@ -7872,68 +8279,59 @@ msgstr "%s：%s �能和 %s �时使用"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:103
 msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "终止�转或拣选�作"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:104
 msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "继续�转或拣选�作"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:105
 msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�消�转或拣选�作"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:106
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "don't automatically commit"
-msgstr "�能作为�始�交还原"
+msgstr "��自动�交"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:107
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "edit the commit message"
-msgstr "空�交信�。"
+msgstr "编辑�交说明"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:110
 msgid "parent number"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "父编�"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:112
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "merge strategy"
-msgstr "�试�并策略 %s...\n"
+msgstr "�并策略"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:113
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "option"
-msgstr "动作"
+msgstr "选项"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:114
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "option for merge strategy"
-msgstr "�试�并策略 %s...\n"
+msgstr "�并策略的选项"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:125
 msgid "append commit name"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "追加�交�称"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:126
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "allow fast-forward"
-msgstr "（�快进�）"
+msgstr "�许快进�"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:127
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
-msgstr "�能作为�始�交还原"
+msgstr "�留�始化的空�交"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:128
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
-msgstr "�交说明为空"
+msgstr "�许�交说明为空"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:129
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
-msgstr "�并未返回�交"
+msgstr "��多余的�空的�交"
 
 #: builtin/revert.c:133
 msgid "program error"
@@ -7947,12 +8345,20 @@ msgstr "还原失败"
 msgid "cherry-pick failed"
 msgstr "拣选失败"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:14
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/rm.c:15
 msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git rm [选项] [--] <文件>..."
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:109
+#: builtin/rm.c:64 builtin/rm.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"submodule '%s' (or one of its nested submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"�模组 '%s'（或者它的一个嵌套�模组）使用一个 .git 目录\n"
+"（使用 'rm -rf' 命令如果您真的想删除它�其全部历�）"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:174
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
@@ -7961,7 +8367,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s' 暂存的内容和工作区� HEAD 中的都�一样\n"
 "（使用 -f 强制删除）"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:115
+#: builtin/rm.c:180
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
@@ -7970,7 +8376,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s' 有�更已暂存至索引中\n"
 "（使用 --cached �存文件，或用 -f 强制删除）"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:119
+#: builtin/rm.c:191
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "'%s' has local modifications\n"
@@ -7979,66 +8385,64 @@ msgstr ""
 "'%s' 有本地修改\n"
 "（使用 --cached �存文件，或用 -f 强制删除）"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:134
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/rm.c:207
 msgid "do not list removed files"
-msgstr "无法还原修改的文件"
+msgstr "�列出删除的文件"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:135
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/rm.c:208
 msgid "only remove from the index"
-msgstr "�能从索引中移除 %s"
+msgstr "�从索引区删除"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:136
+#: builtin/rm.c:209
 msgid "override the up-to-date check"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "忽略文件更新状�检查"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:137
+#: builtin/rm.c:210
 msgid "allow recursive removal"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�许递归删除"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:139
+#: builtin/rm.c:212
 msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�使没有匹�，也以零状�退出"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:194
+#: builtin/rm.c:283
 #, c-format
 msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
 msgstr "未�供 -r 选项�会递归删除 '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/rm.c:230
+#: builtin/rm.c:322
 #, c-format
 msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
 msgstr "git rm：�能删除 %s"
 
 #: builtin/shortlog.c:13
-msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
-msgstr ""
+msgid "git shortlog [<options>] [<revision range>] [[--] [<path>...]]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [<选项>] [<版本范围>] [[--] [<路径>...]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:131
 #, c-format
 msgid "Missing author: %s"
 msgstr "缺少作者：%s"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:253
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:227
 msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "根��个作者的�交数�排�"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:229
 msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "���交说明，��供�交数�"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:257
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:231
 msgid "Show the email address of each author"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示�个作者的电�邮件地�"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:258
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:232
 msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
 
-#: builtin/shortlog.c:259
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:233
 msgid "Linewrap output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "折行输出"
 
 #: builtin/show-branch.c:9
 msgid ""
@@ -8047,162 +8451,171 @@ msgid ""
 "independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | "
 "<glob>)...]"
 msgstr ""
+"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
+"current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --"
+"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | "
+"<glob>)...]"
 
 #: builtin/show-branch.c:10
 msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:650
 msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
-msgstr "%s 没有�自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
+msgstr "显示远程跟踪的和本地的分支"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:652
 msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
-msgstr "%s 没有�自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
+msgstr "显示远程跟踪的分支"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:654
 msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�色 '*!+-' 到相应的分支"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:656
 msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示共�祖先�的 <n> 个�交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:658
 msgid "synonym to more=-1"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "和 more=-1 �义"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
 msgid "suppress naming strings"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示字符串命�"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:661
 msgid "include the current branch"
-msgstr "没有当�分支。"
+msgstr "包括当�分支"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:663
 msgid "name commits with their object names"
-msgstr "�能写注解对象"
+msgstr "以对象�字命��交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:665
 msgid "show possible merge bases"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示�能�并的基线"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:667
 msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示没有任何引用的的引用"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:670
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:669
 msgid "show commits in topological order"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "以拓扑顺�显示�交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:672
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:671
 msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示�在第一个分支上的�交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:673
 msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示仅一个分支�访问的�并�交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:675
 msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示�交时以时间为�且父�交�能领先��交"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:677
 msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "<n>[,<base>]"
 
-#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
 msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示从 base 开始的 <n> �最近的引用日志记录"
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:10
 msgid ""
-"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash"
-"[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
 msgstr ""
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--"
+"hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
 
 #: builtin/show-ref.c:11
 msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=模�] < 引用列表"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:182
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:165
 msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
-msgstr "--all �能和引用表达��时使用"
+msgstr "�显示 tags（�以和头共用）"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:183
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:166
 msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
-msgstr "--all �能和引用表达��时使用"
+msgstr "�显示头（�以和 tags 共用）"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:184
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:167
 msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "更严格的引用检测，需�精确的引用路径"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:187 builtin/show-ref.c:189
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170 builtin/show-ref.c:172
 msgid "show the HEAD reference"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示 HEAD 引用"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:191
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
 msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
-msgstr "引用�是一个树：%s"
+msgstr "转� tags 到对象ID"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:193
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
 msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示使用 <n> 个数字的 SHA1 哈希"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:197
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:180
 msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�打�结果到标准输出（例如与 --verify �数共用）"
 
-#: builtin/show-ref.c:199
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:182
 msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "显示从标准输入中读入的�在本地版本库中的引用"
 
 #: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
 msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [选项] �称 [引用]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] �称"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:38
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
 msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示�符�（分离的）引用的错误信�"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:41
+msgid "delete symbolic ref"
+msgstr "删除符�引用"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:39
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:42
 msgid "shorten ref output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "简短的引用输出"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:18
 msgid "reason"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "原因"
 
-#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:18
 msgid "reason of the update"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "更新的原因"
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:22
 msgid ""
 "git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <说明>|-F <文件>] <标签�> [<头>]"
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:23
 msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git tag -d <标签�>..."
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:24
 msgid ""
 "git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
 "\t\t[<pattern>...]"
 msgstr ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <�交>] [--points-at <对象>] \n"
+"\t\t[<模�>...]"
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:26
 msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git tag -v <标签�>..."
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:60
 #, c-format
@@ -8230,372 +8643,361 @@ msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
 msgstr "�能校验 tag '%s'"
 
 #: builtin/tag.c:249
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
-"#\n"
+"Write a tag message\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# 输入一个 tag 说明\n"
-"# 以 '#' 开头的行将被忽略。\n"
-"#\n"
+"输入一个 tag 说明\n"
+"以 '%c' 开头的行将被忽略。\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:256
+#: builtin/tag.c:253
+#, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# Write a tag message\n"
-"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"Write a tag message\n"
+"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
 "want to.\n"
-"#\n"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"#\n"
-"# 输入一个 tag 说明\n"
-"# 以 '#' 开头的行将被忽略，您�以删除它们如果您想这样�。\n"
-"#\n"
+"输入一个 tag 说明\n"
+"以 '%c' 开头的行将被�留，如果您愿�也�以删除它们。\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:298
+#: builtin/tag.c:292
 msgid "unable to sign the tag"
 msgstr "无法签署 tag"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:300
+#: builtin/tag.c:294
 msgid "unable to write tag file"
 msgstr "无法写 tag 文件"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:325
+#: builtin/tag.c:319
 msgid "bad object type."
 msgstr "�的对象类型。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:338
+#: builtin/tag.c:332
 msgid "tag header too big."
 msgstr "tag 头信�太大。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:370
+#: builtin/tag.c:368
 msgid "no tag message?"
 msgstr "无 tag 说明？"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#: builtin/tag.c:374
 #, c-format
 msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
 msgstr "tag 说明被�留在 %s\n"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:425
+#: builtin/tag.c:423
 msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
 msgstr "开关 'points-at' 需�一个对象"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
 #, c-format
 msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
 msgstr "�法的对象� '%s'"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:447
+#: builtin/tag.c:445
 msgid "list tag names"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "列出tag�称"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:449
+#: builtin/tag.c:447
 msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�个 tag 信�打� <n> 行"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:451
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/tag.c:449
 msgid "delete tags"
-msgstr "删除"
+msgstr "删除 tags"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:452
+#: builtin/tag.c:450
 msgid "verify tags"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "验� tags"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:454
+#: builtin/tag.c:452
 msgid "Tag creation options"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Tag 创建选项"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:456
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/tag.c:454
 msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
-msgstr "注释 tag %s 没有嵌入�称"
+msgstr "注解 tag，需�一个说明"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:458
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/tag.c:456
 msgid "tag message"
-msgstr "无 tag 说明？"
+msgstr "tag 说明"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:460
+#: builtin/tag.c:458
 msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "注解并 GPG 签�的 tag"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:464
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/tag.c:462
 msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
-msgstr "无法签署 tag"
+msgstr "使用�外的�钥签� tag"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:465
+#: builtin/tag.c:463
 msgid "replace the tag if exists"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "如果存在，替�现有的 tag"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:466
+#: builtin/tag.c:464
 msgid "show tag list in columns"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "以列的方�显示 tag"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:468
+#: builtin/tag.c:466
 msgid "Tag listing options"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Tag 列表选项"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:471
+#: builtin/tag.c:469
 msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�打�包��交的tags"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:477
+#: builtin/tag.c:475
 msgid "print only tags of the object"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�打�tags对象"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:506
+#: builtin/tag.c:504
 msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
 msgstr "--column 和 -n �兼容"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:523
+#: builtin/tag.c:521
 msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "-n 选项��许和 -l �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:525
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
 msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "--contains 选项��许和 -l �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:527
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
 msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
 msgstr "--points-at 选项��许和 -l �时使用。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:535
+#: builtin/tag.c:533
 msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
 msgstr "��许一个 -F 或 -m 选项。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:555
+#: builtin/tag.c:553
 msgid "too many params"
 msgstr "太多�数"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#: builtin/tag.c:559
 #, c-format
 msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
 msgstr "'%s' �是一个有效的tag�称。"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#: builtin/tag.c:564
 #, c-format
 msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
 msgstr "tag '%s' 已存在"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#: builtin/tag.c:582
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
 msgstr "%s：�能�定引用"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
 #, c-format
 msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
 msgstr "%s：�能更新引用"
 
-#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
 #, c-format
 msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
 msgstr "已更新tag '%s'（曾为 %s）\n"
 
 #: builtin/update-index.c:401
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
-msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补�>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [选项] [--] [<文件>...]"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:717
+#: builtin/update-index.c:718
 msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "当索引需�更新时继续刷新"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:720
+#: builtin/update-index.c:721
 msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "刷新：忽略�模组"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:723
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/update-index.c:724
 msgid "do not ignore new files"
-msgstr "无法存储索引文件"
+msgstr "�忽略新的文件"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:725
+#: builtin/update-index.c:726
 msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "让文件替�目录（�之亦然）"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:727
+#: builtin/update-index.c:728
 msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "通知文件从工作区丢失"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:729
+#: builtin/update-index.c:730
 msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�使索引区包�未�并的�目也执行刷新"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:732
+#: builtin/update-index.c:733
 msgid "refresh stat information"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "刷新统计信�"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:736
+#: builtin/update-index.c:737
 msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "类似于 --refresh，但是忽略 assume-unchanged 设置"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:740
+#: builtin/update-index.c:741
 msgid "<mode> <object> <path>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "<mode> <object> <path>"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:741
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/update-index.c:742
 msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
-msgstr "添加文件内容至索引"
+msgstr "添加指定的�目到索引区"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:745
+#: builtin/update-index.c:746
 msgid "(+/-)x"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:746
+#: builtin/update-index.c:747
 msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "覆盖列表里文件的�执行�"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:750
+#: builtin/update-index.c:751
 msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "把文件标记为 \"没有�更\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:753
+#: builtin/update-index.c:754
 msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "清除 assumed-unchanged �"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:756
+#: builtin/update-index.c:757
 msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "把文件标记为 \"仅索引\""
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:759
+#: builtin/update-index.c:760
 msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "清除 skip-worktree �"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:762
+#: builtin/update-index.c:763
 msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�添加到索引区；�添加对象到对象库"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:764
+#: builtin/update-index.c:765
 msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�使存在工作区里，也删除路径"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:766
+#: builtin/update-index.c:767
 msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�带 --stdin：输入的行以 null 字符终止"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:768
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/update-index.c:769
 msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
-msgstr "（正从标准输入中读�日志信�）\n"
+msgstr "从标准输入中读�需�更新的路径列表"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:772
-#, fuzzy
+#: builtin/update-index.c:773
 msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
-msgstr "�能从标准输入中读�日志信�"
+msgstr "从标准输入添加�目到索引区"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:776
+#: builtin/update-index.c:777
 msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "为指定文件�新生�第2和第3暂存区"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:780
+#: builtin/update-index.c:781
 msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�更新与 HEAD ��的�目"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:784
+#: builtin/update-index.c:785
 msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "忽略工作区丢失的文件"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:787
+#: builtin/update-index.c:788
 msgid "report actions to standard output"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "在标准输出显示�作"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:789
+#: builtin/update-index.c:790
 msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "(for porcelains) 忘记�存的未解决的冲�"
 
-#: builtin/update-index.c:793
+#: builtin/update-index.c:794
 msgid "write index in this format"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "以这�格�写入索引区"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:7
 msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git update-ref [options] -d <引用�> [<旧值>]"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:8
 msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git update-ref [options]    <引用�> <新值> [<旧值>]"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:19
 msgid "delete the reference"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "删除引用"
 
 #: builtin/update-ref.c:21
 msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "更新 <引用�> 本身而�是它指�的引用"
 
 #: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
 msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
 
 #: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
 msgid "update the info files from scratch"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "从头开始更新文件信�"
 
 #: builtin/verify-pack.c:56
 msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
 
 #: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "verbose"
 msgstr "冗长输出"
 
 #: builtin/verify-pack.c:68
 msgid "show statistics only"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�显示统计"
 
 #: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
 msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
 
 #: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
 msgid "print tag contents"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "打� tag 内容"
 
 #: builtin/write-tree.c:13
 msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<�缀>/]"
 
 #: builtin/write-tree.c:26
 msgid "<prefix>/"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "<�缀>/"
 
 #: builtin/write-tree.c:27
 msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "将 <�缀> �目录内容写到一个树对象"
 
 #: builtin/write-tree.c:30
 msgid "only useful for debugging"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "�对调试有用"
 
 #: git.c:16
-msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
-msgstr "�� 'git help <command>' 以获得该特定命令的详细信�。"
+msgid ""
+"'git help -a' and 'git help -g' lists available subcommands and some\n"
+"concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
+"to read about a specific subcommand or concept."
+msgstr ""
+"命令 'git help -a' 和 'git help -g' 显示�用的�命令和一些指�。��\n"
+"'git help <命令>' 或 'git help <指�>' �查看给定的�命令帮助或指�。"
 
 #: parse-options.h:156
 msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
 msgstr "空�作（��兼容）"
 
-#: parse-options.h:228
+#: parse-options.h:232
 msgid "be more verbose"
 msgstr "更加详细"
 
-#: parse-options.h:230
+#: parse-options.h:234
 msgid "be more quiet"
 msgstr "更加安�"
 
-#: parse-options.h:236
+#: parse-options.h:240
 msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
 msgstr "用 <n> �数字显示 SHA-1 哈希值"
 
@@ -8636,8 +9038,8 @@ msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
 msgstr "输出和模�匹�的行"
 
 #: common-cmds.h:17
-msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
-msgstr "创建一个空的 git 版本库或者�新�始化一个"
+msgid "Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr "创建一个空的 Git 版本库或�新�始化一个已存在的版本库"
 
 #: common-cmds.h:18
 msgid "Show commit logs"
@@ -8710,11 +9112,11 @@ msgstr "无法求助于三路�并。"
 
 #: git-am.sh:137
 msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
-msgstr "版本库缺�必�的二进制对象（blob）以进行三路�并。"
+msgstr "版本库缺�必�的数�（blob）对象以进行三路�并。"
 
 #: git-am.sh:139
 msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
-msgstr "更新索引信�以�建基树..."
+msgstr "使用索引��建一个（三路�并的）基础目录树..."
 
 #: git-am.sh:154
 msgid ""
@@ -8722,7 +9124,7 @@ msgid ""
 "It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
 msgstr ""
 "您是�曾手动编辑过您的补�？\n"
-"无法应用补�到索引中的二进制对象（blob）上。"
+"无法应用补�到索引中的数�（blob）对象上。"
 
 #: git-am.sh:163
 msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
@@ -8825,7 +9227,7 @@ msgstr "您的索引中�有未�并的路径。您是�忘了执行 'git add
 
 #: git-am.sh:845
 msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
-msgstr "没有�更 -- 补�已�应用过。"
+msgstr "没有�更 —— 补�已�应用过。"
 
 #: git-am.sh:855
 #, sh-format
@@ -8838,6 +9240,8 @@ msgid ""
 "The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
 "   $dotest/patch"
 msgstr ""
+"失败的补�文件副本�于：\n"
+"   $dotest/patch"
 
 #: git-am.sh:876
 msgid "applying to an empty history"
@@ -8938,56 +9342,56 @@ msgstr ""
 "然�需��供我至少一个好版本和一个�版本。\n"
 "（您�以用 \"git bisect bad\" 和 \"git bisect good\" 命令�标识。）"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+#: git-bisect.sh:363 git-bisect.sh:490
 msgid "We are not bisecting."
 msgstr "我们没有在二分查找。"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#: git-bisect.sh:370
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
 msgstr "'$invalid' �是一个有效的�交"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#: git-bisect.sh:379
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
 "Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
 msgstr ""
 "�能检出原始 HEAD '$branch'。\n"
-"�试 'git bisect reset <commit>'。"
+"�试 'git bisect reset <�交>'。"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:390
+#: git-bisect.sh:406
 msgid "No logfile given"
 msgstr "未�供日志文件"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#: git-bisect.sh:407
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
 msgstr "�能读� $file ��放"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:408
+#: git-bisect.sh:424
 msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
 msgstr "?? 您在说什么?"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#: git-bisect.sh:436
 #, sh-format
 msgid "running $command"
 msgstr "�行 $command"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#: git-bisect.sh:443
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
 "exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
 msgstr ""
 "二分查找�行失败：\n"
-"命令 '$command' 的退出� $res 或者�于 0 或者大于等于 128"
+"命令 '$command' 的退出� $res �于 0 或大于等于 128"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:453
+#: git-bisect.sh:469
 msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 msgstr "二分查找�能继续�行"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#: git-bisect.sh:475
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "bisect run failed:\n"
@@ -8996,7 +9400,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "二分查找�行失败：\n"
 "'bisect_state $state' 退出�为 $res"
 
-#: git-bisect.sh:466
+#: git-bisect.sh:482
 msgid "bisect run success"
 msgstr "二分查找�行�功"
 
@@ -9014,7 +9418,7 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
 msgstr "Pull ��用，因为您尚有未�并的文件。"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:197
+#: git-pull.sh:203
 msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
 msgstr "更新尚未诞生的分支，�更添加至索引"
 
@@ -9022,7 +9426,7 @@ msgstr "更新尚未诞生的分支，�更添加至索引"
 #. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
 #. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
 #. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
-#: git-pull.sh:228
+#: git-pull.sh:235
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
@@ -9032,15 +9436,15 @@ msgstr ""
 "警告：fetch 更新了当�的分支。您的工作区\n"
 "警告：从原�交 $orig_head 快进。"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:253
+#: git-pull.sh:260
 msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
 msgstr "无法将多个分支�并到空分支"
 
-#: git-pull.sh:257
+#: git-pull.sh:264
 msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
 msgstr "无法�基到多个分支"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:52
+#: git-rebase.sh:53
 msgid ""
 "When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
 "If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
@@ -9051,27 +9455,31 @@ msgstr ""
 "如果您想跳过此补�，则执行 \"git rebase --skip\"。\n"
 "���原分支并�止�基，执行 \"git rebase --abort\"。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:159
+#: git-rebase.sh:160
 msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
 msgstr "钩� pre-rebase 拒��基。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:164
+#: git-rebase.sh:165
 msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
 msgstr "似乎正处于在 git-am 的执行过程中。无法�基。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:295
+#: git-rebase.sh:296
 msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
 msgstr "选项 --exec 必须和选项 --interactive �时使用"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:300
+#: git-rebase.sh:301
 msgid "No rebase in progress?"
 msgstr "没有正在进行的�基？"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:313
+#: git-rebase.sh:312
+msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
+msgstr "动作 --edit-todo �能用在交互��基过程中。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:319
 msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
 msgstr "�能读� HEAD"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:316
+#: git-rebase.sh:322
 msgid ""
 "You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
 "mark them as resolved using git add"
@@ -9079,12 +9487,12 @@ msgstr ""
 "您必须编辑所有的�并冲�，然�通过 git add\n"
 "命令将它们标记为已解决"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:334
+#: git-rebase.sh:340
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
 msgstr "无法移回 $head_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:350
+#: git-rebase.sh:359
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
@@ -9103,56 +9511,56 @@ msgstr ""
 "\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
 "然���新执行�基。为��您丢失��数�，我已��止当��作。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:395
+#: git-rebase.sh:404
 #, sh-format
 msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
 msgstr "无效的上游 $upstream_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:419
+#: git-rebase.sh:428
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
 msgstr "$onto_name: 有一个以上的�并基准"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:422 git-rebase.sh:426
+#: git-rebase.sh:431 git-rebase.sh:435
 #, sh-format
 msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
 msgstr "$onto_name: 没有�并基准"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:431
+#: git-rebase.sh:440
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
 msgstr "没有指�一个有效的�交：$onto_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:454
+#: git-rebase.sh:463
 #, sh-format
 msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
 msgstr "严�错误：无此分支：$branch_name"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:474
+#: git-rebase.sh:483
 msgid "Please commit or stash them."
 msgstr "请�交或为它们�存进度。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:492
+#: git-rebase.sh:501
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
 msgstr "当�分支 $branch_name 是最新的。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:495
+#: git-rebase.sh:504
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
 msgstr "当�分支 $branch_name 是最新的，强制�基。"
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:506
+#: git-rebase.sh:515
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
 msgstr "�更从 $mb 到 $onto："
 
 #. Detach HEAD and reset the tree
-#: git-rebase.sh:515
+#: git-rebase.sh:524
 msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
 msgstr "首先，�置头指针以便在上��放您的工作..."
 
-#: git-rebase.sh:523
+#: git-rebase.sh:532
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
 msgstr "快进 $branch_name 至 $onto_name。"
@@ -9286,37 +9694,37 @@ msgstr "未指定分支�"
 msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
 msgstr "（为��数�输入 \"git stash apply\"）"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:88
+#: git-submodule.sh:91
 #, sh-format
 msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
 msgstr "无法从 url '$remoteurl' 剥离一个组件"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:167
+#: git-submodule.sh:196
 #, sh-format
 msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "未在 .gitmodules 中�现路径 '$sm_path' 的�模组映射"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:211
+#: git-submodule.sh:239
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
 msgstr "无法克隆 '$url' 到�模组路径 '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:223
+#: git-submodule.sh:251
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
-msgstr "Gitdir '$a' 在�模组路径 '$b' 之下或者相�"
+msgstr "Gitdir '$a' 在�模组路径 '$b' 之下或相�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:312
+#: git-submodule.sh:349
 #, sh-format
 msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
 msgstr "版本库URL：'$repo' 必须是�对路径或以 ./|../ 起始"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:329
+#: git-submodule.sh:366
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' 已�存在于索引中"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:333
+#: git-submodule.sh:370
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
 "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
@@ -9327,159 +9735,322 @@ msgstr ""
 "$sm_path\n"
 "如果您确实想添加它，使用 -f �数。"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:344
+#: git-submodule.sh:388
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
 msgstr "添加�于 '$sm_path' 的现存版本库到索引"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:346
+#: git-submodule.sh:390
 #, sh-format
 msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
 msgstr "'$sm_path' 已存在且�是一个有效的 git 版本库"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:360
+#: git-submodule.sh:398
+#, sh-format
+msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
+msgstr "本地�现 '$sm_name' 的一个 git 目录，与其对应的远程版本库："
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:400
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
+msgstr "如果您想�用此本地 git 目录而�是�新克隆自"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:402
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
+msgstr "使用 '--force' �数。如果本地 git 目录�是正确的版本库"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:403
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+"option."
+msgstr "或者您�确定其中�义使用 '--name' �数选择�外一个�称。"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:405
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
+msgstr "激活本地 git 目录到�模组 '$sm_name'。"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:417
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "�能检出�模组 '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:365
+#: git-submodule.sh:422
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "无法添加�模组 '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:370
+#: git-submodule.sh:431
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "无法注册�模组 '$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:413
+#: git-submodule.sh:474
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
 msgstr "正在进入 '$prefix$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:427
+#: git-submodule.sh:488
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
 msgstr "�止于 '$sm_path'，脚本返回�零值。"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:471
+#: git-submodule.sh:532
 #, sh-format
 msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
 msgstr "在 .gitmodules 中未找到�模组路径 '$sm_path' 的 url"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:480
+#: git-submodule.sh:541
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "无法为�模组路径 '$sm_path' 注册 url"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:482
+#: git-submodule.sh:543
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "�模组 '$name' ($url) 已为路径 '$sm_path' 注册"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:490
+#: git-submodule.sh:551
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "无法为�模组路径 '$sm_path' 注册更新模�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:590
+#: git-submodule.sh:588
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Use '.' if you really want to deinitialize all submodules"
+msgstr "使用 '.' 如果您真的想�对所有�模组�消�始化"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:603
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule work tree '$sm_path' contains a .git directory"
+msgstr "�模组工作区 '$sm_path' 包�一个 .git 目录"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:604
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr "（使用 'rm -rf' 命令如果您真的想删除它�其全部历�）"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:610
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule work tree '$sm_path' contains local modifications; use '-f' to "
+"discard them"
+msgstr "�模组工作区 '$sm_path' 包�本地修改；使用 '-f' 丢弃它们"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:613
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Cleared directory '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "已清除目录 '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:614
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not remove submodule work tree '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法移除�模组工作区 '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:617
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not create empty submodule directory '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "�能创建空的�模组目录 '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:626
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) unregistered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "�模组 '$name' ($url) 未对路径 '$sm_path' 注册"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:731
 #, sh-format
 msgid ""
-"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path' not initialized\n"
 "Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
 msgstr ""
-"�模组路径 '$sm_path' 没有�始化\n"
+"�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path' 没有�始化\n"
 "也许您想用 'update --init'？"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:603
+#: git-submodule.sh:744
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$sm_path' 中找到当�版本"
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path' 中找到当�版本"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:622
+#: git-submodule.sh:753
 #, sh-format
 msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
 msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$sm_path' 中获�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:636
+#: git-submodule.sh:777
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$sm_path' 中�基 '$sha1'"
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path' 中获�"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:637
+#: git-submodule.sh:791
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
-msgstr "�模组路径 '$sm_path'：�基至 '$sha1'"
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path' 中�基 '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:642
+#: git-submodule.sh:792
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "无法�并 '$sha1' 到�模组路径 '$sm_path' 中"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path'：�基至 '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:643
+#: git-submodule.sh:797
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
-msgstr "�模组路径 '$sm_path'：已�并入 '$sha1'"
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法�并 '$sha1' 到�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path' 中"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:648
+#: git-submodule.sh:798
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$sm_path' 中检出 '$sha1'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path'：已�并入 '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:649
+#: git-submodule.sh:803
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
-msgstr "�模组路径 '$sm_path'：检出 '$sha1'"
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法在�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path' 中检出 '$sha1'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:671 git-submodule.sh:995
+#: git-submodule.sh:804
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
-msgstr "无法递归进�模组路径 '$sm_path'"
+msgid "Submodule path '$prefix$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path'：检出 '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:831
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法递归进�模组路径 '$prefix$sm_path'"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:779
+#: git-submodule.sh:939
 msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
 msgstr "选项 --cached �能和选项 --files �时使用"
 
 #. unexpected type
-#: git-submodule.sh:819
+#: git-submodule.sh:979
 #, sh-format
 msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
 msgstr "�外的模� $mod_dst"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: git-submodule.sh:837
+#: git-submodule.sh:997
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
 msgstr "  警告：$name 未包��交 $sha1_src"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: git-submodule.sh:840
+#: git-submodule.sh:1000
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
 msgstr "  警告：$name 未包��交 $sha1_dst"
 
 #  译者：注����导空格
-#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#: git-submodule.sh:1003
 #, sh-format
 msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
 msgstr "  警告：$name 未包��交 $sha1_src 和 $sha1_dst"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:868
+#: git-submodule.sh:1028
 msgid "blob"
-msgstr "二进制对象"
+msgstr "数�对象"
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:906
-msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
-msgstr "# �模组已修改但尚未更新："
+#: git-submodule.sh:1066
+msgid "Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "�模组已修改但尚未更新："
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:908
-msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
+#: git-submodule.sh:1068
+msgid "Submodule changes to be committed:"
 msgstr "��交的�模组�更："
 
-#: git-submodule.sh:1054
+#: git-submodule.sh:1153
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法递归进�模组路径 '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1216
 #, sh-format
-msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$name'"
-msgstr "为 '$name' �步�模组 url"
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "为 '$prefix$sm_path' �步�模组 url"
+
+#~ msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+#~ msgstr "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [版本选项] [--] [<�交�>... ]"
+
+#~ msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+#~ msgstr "�� 'git help <command>' 以获得该特定命令的详细信�。"
+
+#~ msgid "BUG: impossible combination of %d and %p"
+#~ msgstr "BUG: 无法组� %d 和 %p"
+
+#  译者：以下三�实际为一个段�
+#~ msgid "It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files.  'status -uno'"
+#~ msgstr "耗费了 %.2f 秒以枚举未跟踪的文件。'status -uno'"
+
+#  译者：为对�，下�两�内容有调整
+#~ msgid "may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add"
+#~ msgstr "也许能�高速度，但您需��心��忘了添加新文件"
+
+#~ msgid "new files yourself (see 'git help status')."
+#~ msgstr "（�� 'git help status'）。"
+
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid "aaaSynchronizing submodule url for '$prefix$sm_path'"
+#~ msgstr "为 '$prefix$sm_path' �步�模组 url"
+
+#~ msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
+#~ msgstr "使用 .git/refs 里的任�引用"
+
+#~ msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
+#~ msgstr "使用 .git/refs/tags 里的任� tag"
+
+#~ msgid "bad object %s"
+#~ msgstr "�对象 %s"
+
+#~ msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+#~ msgstr "虚�的�交者信� %s"
+
+#~ msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+#~ msgstr "�能打开 'show' 输出文件�柄"
+
+#~ msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+#~ msgstr "无法为对象 '%s' 的 'show' 关闭管�"
+
+#~ msgid " 0 files changed"
+#~ msgstr " 0 个文件被修改"
+
+#~ msgid " %d file changed"
+#~ msgid_plural " %d files changed"
+#~ msgstr[0] " %d 个文件被修改"
+#~ msgstr[1] " %d 个文件被修改"
+
+#~ msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
+#~ msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
+#~ msgstr[0] "，�入 %d 行(+)"
+#~ msgstr[1] "，�入 %d 行(+)"
+
+#~ msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
+#~ msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
+#~ msgstr[0] "，删除 %d 行(-)"
+#~ msgstr[1] "，删除 %d 行(-)"
+
+#~ msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+#~ msgstr "您没有一个有效的 HEAD"
+
+#~ msgid "oops"
+#~ msgstr "å“Žå“Ÿ"
+
+#~ msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "�会删除 %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "未删除 %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+#~ msgstr "自动打包版本库以求最佳性能。\n"
+
+#~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
+#~ msgstr "git remote set-head <�称> (-a | -d | <分支>])"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not read index"
+#~ msgstr "�能读�索引"
 
 #  译者：中文字符串拼接，�删除�导空格
 #~ msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
diff --git a/pretty.c b/pretty.c
index 91bb2d3..9e43154 100644
--- a/pretty.c
+++ b/pretty.c
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ static int needs_rfc2047_encoding(const char *line, int len,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void add_rfc2047(struct strbuf *sb, const char *line, int len,
+static void add_rfc2047(struct strbuf *sb, const char *line, size_t len,
 		       const char *encoding, enum rfc2047_type type)
 {
 	static const int max_encoded_length = 76; /* per rfc2047 */
@@ -355,9 +355,22 @@ static void add_rfc2047(struct strbuf *sb, const char *line, int len,
 	strbuf_grow(sb, len * 3 + strlen(encoding) + 100);
 	strbuf_addf(sb, "=?%s?q?", encoding);
 	line_len += strlen(encoding) + 5; /* 5 for =??q? */
-	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-		unsigned ch = line[i] & 0xFF;
-		int is_special = is_rfc2047_special(ch, type);
+
+	while (len) {
+		/*
+		 * RFC 2047, section 5 (3):
+		 *
+		 * Each 'encoded-word' MUST represent an integral number of
+		 * characters.  A multi-octet character may not be split across
+		 * adjacent 'encoded- word's.
+		 */
+		const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)line;
+		int chrlen = mbs_chrlen(&line, &len, encoding);
+		int is_special = (chrlen > 1) || is_rfc2047_special(*p, type);
+
+		/* "=%02X" * chrlen, or the byte itself */
+		const char *encoded_fmt = is_special ? "=%02X"    : "%c";
+		int	    encoded_len = is_special ? 3 * chrlen : 1;
 
 		/*
 		 * According to RFC 2047, we could encode the special character
@@ -367,85 +380,96 @@ static void add_rfc2047(struct strbuf *sb, const char *line, int len,
 		 * causes ' ' to be encoded as '=20', avoiding this problem.
 		 */
 
-		if (line_len + 2 + (is_special ? 3 : 1) > max_encoded_length) {
+		if (line_len + encoded_len + 2 > max_encoded_length) {
+			/* It won't fit with trailing "?=" --- break the line */
 			strbuf_addf(sb, "?=\n =?%s?q?", encoding);
 			line_len = strlen(encoding) + 5 + 1; /* =??q? plus SP */
 		}
 
-		if (is_special) {
-			strbuf_addf(sb, "=%02X", ch);
-			line_len += 3;
-		} else {
-			strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
-			line_len++;
-		}
+		for (i = 0; i < chrlen; i++)
+			strbuf_addf(sb, encoded_fmt, p[i]);
+		line_len += encoded_len;
 	}
 	strbuf_addstr(sb, "?=");
 }
 
+static const char *show_ident_date(const struct ident_split *ident,
+				   enum date_mode mode)
+{
+	unsigned long date = 0;
+	int tz = 0;
+
+	if (ident->date_begin && ident->date_end)
+		date = strtoul(ident->date_begin, NULL, 10);
+	if (ident->tz_begin && ident->tz_end)
+		tz = strtol(ident->tz_begin, NULL, 10);
+	return show_date(date, tz, mode);
+}
+
 void pp_user_info(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 		  const char *what, struct strbuf *sb,
 		  const char *line, const char *encoding)
 {
+	struct ident_split ident;
+	char *line_end;
+	const char *mailbuf, *namebuf;
+	size_t namelen, maillen;
 	int max_length = 78; /* per rfc2822 */
-	char *date;
-	int namelen;
-	unsigned long time;
-	int tz;
 
 	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 		return;
-	date = strchr(line, '>');
-	if (!date)
+
+	line_end = strchrnul(line, '\n');
+	if (split_ident_line(&ident, line, line_end - line))
 		return;
-	namelen = ++date - line;
-	time = strtoul(date, &date, 10);
-	tz = strtol(date, NULL, 10);
+
+	mailbuf = ident.mail_begin;
+	maillen = ident.mail_end - ident.mail_begin;
+	namebuf = ident.name_begin;
+	namelen = ident.name_end - ident.name_begin;
+
+	if (pp->mailmap)
+		map_user(pp->mailmap, &mailbuf, &maillen, &namebuf, &namelen);
 
 	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
-		char *name_tail = strchr(line, '<');
-		int display_name_length;
-		if (!name_tail)
-			return;
-		while (line < name_tail && isspace(name_tail[-1]))
-			name_tail--;
-		display_name_length = name_tail - line;
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, "From: ");
-		if (needs_rfc2047_encoding(line, display_name_length, RFC2047_ADDRESS)) {
-			add_rfc2047(sb, line, display_name_length,
-						encoding, RFC2047_ADDRESS);
+		if (needs_rfc2047_encoding(namebuf, namelen, RFC2047_ADDRESS)) {
+			add_rfc2047(sb, namebuf, namelen,
+				    encoding, RFC2047_ADDRESS);
 			max_length = 76; /* per rfc2047 */
-		} else if (needs_rfc822_quoting(line, display_name_length)) {
+		} else if (needs_rfc822_quoting(namebuf, namelen)) {
 			struct strbuf quoted = STRBUF_INIT;
-			add_rfc822_quoted(&quoted, line, display_name_length);
+			add_rfc822_quoted(&quoted, namebuf, namelen);
 			strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(sb, quoted.buf, quoted.len,
 							-6, 1, max_length);
 			strbuf_release(&quoted);
 		} else {
-			strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(sb, line, display_name_length,
-							-6, 1, max_length);
+			strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(sb, namebuf, namelen,
+						 -6, 1, max_length);
 		}
-		if (namelen - display_name_length + last_line_length(sb) > max_length) {
+
+		if (max_length <
+		    last_line_length(sb) + strlen(" <") + maillen + strlen(">"))
 			strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
-			if (!isspace(name_tail[0]))
-				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
-		}
-		strbuf_add(sb, name_tail, namelen - display_name_length);
-		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+		strbuf_addf(sb, " <%.*s>\n", (int)maillen, mailbuf);
 	} else {
-		strbuf_addf(sb, "%s: %.*s%.*s\n", what,
-			      (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULLER) ? 4 : 0,
-			      "    ", namelen, line);
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "%s: %.*s%.*s <%.*s>\n", what,
+			    (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULLER) ? 4 : 0, "    ",
+			    (int)namelen, namebuf, (int)maillen, mailbuf);
 	}
+
 	switch (pp->fmt) {
 	case CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM:
-		strbuf_addf(sb, "Date:   %s\n", show_date(time, tz, pp->date_mode));
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "Date:   %s\n",
+			    show_ident_date(&ident, pp->date_mode));
 		break;
 	case CMIT_FMT_EMAIL:
-		strbuf_addf(sb, "Date: %s\n", show_date(time, tz, DATE_RFC2822));
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "Date: %s\n",
+			    show_ident_date(&ident, DATE_RFC2822));
 		break;
 	case CMIT_FMT_FULLER:
-		strbuf_addf(sb, "%sDate: %s\n", what, show_date(time, tz, pp->date_mode));
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "%sDate: %s\n", what,
+			    show_ident_date(&ident, pp->date_mode));
 		break;
 	default:
 		/* notin' */
@@ -501,10 +525,11 @@ static void add_merge_info(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 }
 
-static char *get_header(const struct commit *commit, const char *key)
+static char *get_header(const struct commit *commit, const char *msg,
+			const char *key)
 {
 	int key_len = strlen(key);
-	const char *line = commit->buffer;
+	const char *line = msg;
 
 	while (line) {
 		const char *eol = strchr(line, '\n'), *next;
@@ -560,33 +585,94 @@ static char *replace_encoding_header(char *buf, const char *encoding)
 }
 
 char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
+		      char **commit_encoding,
 		      const char *output_encoding)
 {
 	static const char *utf8 = "UTF-8";
 	const char *use_encoding;
 	char *encoding;
+	char *msg = commit->buffer;
 	char *out;
 
-	if (!output_encoding || !*output_encoding)
-		return NULL;
-	encoding = get_header(commit, "encoding");
+	if (!msg) {
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long size;
+
+		msg = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+		if (!msg)
+			die("Cannot read commit object %s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		if (type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+			die("Expected commit for '%s', got %s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), typename(type));
+	}
+
+	if (!output_encoding || !*output_encoding) {
+		if (commit_encoding)
+			*commit_encoding =
+				get_header(commit, msg, "encoding");
+		return msg;
+	}
+	encoding = get_header(commit, msg, "encoding");
+	if (commit_encoding)
+		*commit_encoding = encoding;
 	use_encoding = encoding ? encoding : utf8;
-	if (same_encoding(use_encoding, output_encoding))
-		if (encoding) /* we'll strip encoding header later */
-			out = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
-		else
-			return NULL; /* nothing to do */
-	else
-		out = reencode_string(commit->buffer,
-				      output_encoding, use_encoding);
+	if (same_encoding(use_encoding, output_encoding)) {
+		/*
+		 * No encoding work to be done. If we have no encoding header
+		 * at all, then there's nothing to do, and we can return the
+		 * message verbatim (whether newly allocated or not).
+		 */
+		if (!encoding)
+			return msg;
+
+		/*
+		 * Otherwise, we still want to munge the encoding header in the
+		 * result, which will be done by modifying the buffer. If we
+		 * are using a fresh copy, we can reuse it. But if we are using
+		 * the cached copy from commit->buffer, we need to duplicate it
+		 * to avoid munging commit->buffer.
+		 */
+		out = msg;
+		if (out == commit->buffer)
+			out = xstrdup(out);
+	}
+	else {
+		/*
+		 * There's actual encoding work to do. Do the reencoding, which
+		 * still leaves the header to be replaced in the next step. At
+		 * this point, we are done with msg. If we allocated a fresh
+		 * copy, we can free it.
+		 */
+		out = reencode_string(msg, output_encoding, use_encoding);
+		if (out && msg != commit->buffer)
+			free(msg);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * This replacement actually consumes the buffer we hand it, so we do
+	 * not have to worry about freeing the old "out" here.
+	 */
 	if (out)
 		out = replace_encoding_header(out, output_encoding);
 
-	free(encoding);
-	return out;
+	if (!commit_encoding)
+		free(encoding);
+	/*
+	 * If the re-encoding failed, out might be NULL here; in that
+	 * case we just return the commit message verbatim.
+	 */
+	return out ? out : msg;
+}
+
+void logmsg_free(char *msg, const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	if (msg != commit->buffer)
+		free(msg);
 }
 
-static int mailmap_name(char *email, int email_len, char *name, int name_len)
+static int mailmap_name(const char **email, size_t *email_len,
+			const char **name, size_t *name_len)
 {
 	static struct string_list *mail_map;
 	if (!mail_map) {
@@ -601,68 +687,49 @@ static size_t format_person_part(struct strbuf *sb, char part,
 {
 	/* currently all placeholders have same length */
 	const int placeholder_len = 2;
-	int tz;
-	unsigned long date = 0;
-	char person_name[1024];
-	char person_mail[1024];
 	struct ident_split s;
-	const char *name_start, *name_end, *mail_start, *mail_end;
+	const char *name, *mail;
+	size_t maillen, namelen;
 
 	if (split_ident_line(&s, msg, len) < 0)
 		goto skip;
 
-	name_start = s.name_begin;
-	name_end = s.name_end;
-	mail_start = s.mail_begin;
-	mail_end = s.mail_end;
-
-	if (part == 'N' || part == 'E') { /* mailmap lookup */
-		snprintf(person_name, sizeof(person_name), "%.*s",
-			 (int)(name_end - name_start), name_start);
-		snprintf(person_mail, sizeof(person_mail), "%.*s",
-			 (int)(mail_end - mail_start), mail_start);
-		mailmap_name(person_mail, sizeof(person_mail), person_name, sizeof(person_name));
-		name_start = person_name;
-		name_end = name_start + strlen(person_name);
-		mail_start = person_mail;
-		mail_end = mail_start +  strlen(person_mail);
-	}
+	name = s.name_begin;
+	namelen = s.name_end - s.name_begin;
+	mail = s.mail_begin;
+	maillen = s.mail_end - s.mail_begin;
+
+	if (part == 'N' || part == 'E') /* mailmap lookup */
+		mailmap_name(&mail, &maillen, &name, &namelen);
 	if (part == 'n' || part == 'N') {	/* name */
-		strbuf_add(sb, name_start, name_end-name_start);
+		strbuf_add(sb, name, namelen);
 		return placeholder_len;
 	}
 	if (part == 'e' || part == 'E') {	/* email */
-		strbuf_add(sb, mail_start, mail_end-mail_start);
+		strbuf_add(sb, mail, maillen);
 		return placeholder_len;
 	}
 
 	if (!s.date_begin)
 		goto skip;
 
-	date = strtoul(s.date_begin, NULL, 10);
-
 	if (part == 't') {	/* date, UNIX timestamp */
 		strbuf_add(sb, s.date_begin, s.date_end - s.date_begin);
 		return placeholder_len;
 	}
 
-	/* parse tz */
-	tz = strtoul(s.tz_begin + 1, NULL, 10);
-	if (*s.tz_begin == '-')
-		tz = -tz;
-
 	switch (part) {
 	case 'd':	/* date */
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_date(date, tz, dmode));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, dmode));
 		return placeholder_len;
 	case 'D':	/* date, RFC2822 style */
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_date(date, tz, DATE_RFC2822));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_RFC2822));
 		return placeholder_len;
 	case 'r':	/* date, relative */
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_date(date, tz, DATE_RELATIVE));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_RELATIVE));
 		return placeholder_len;
 	case 'i':	/* date, ISO 8601 */
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_date(date, tz, DATE_ISO8601));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_ident_date(&s, DATE_ISO8601));
 		return placeholder_len;
 	}
 
@@ -684,24 +751,38 @@ struct chunk {
 	size_t len;
 };
 
+enum flush_type {
+	no_flush,
+	flush_right,
+	flush_left,
+	flush_left_and_steal,
+	flush_both
+};
+
+enum trunc_type {
+	trunc_none,
+	trunc_left,
+	trunc_middle,
+	trunc_right
+};
+
 struct format_commit_context {
 	const struct commit *commit;
 	const struct pretty_print_context *pretty_ctx;
 	unsigned commit_header_parsed:1;
 	unsigned commit_message_parsed:1;
-	unsigned commit_signature_parsed:1;
-	struct {
-		char *gpg_output;
-		char good_bad;
-		char *signer;
-	} signature;
+	struct signature_check signature_check;
+	enum flush_type flush_type;
+	enum trunc_type truncate;
 	char *message;
+	char *commit_encoding;
 	size_t width, indent1, indent2;
+	int auto_color;
+	int padding;
 
 	/* These offsets are relative to the start of the commit message. */
 	struct chunk author;
 	struct chunk committer;
-	struct chunk encoding;
 	size_t message_off;
 	size_t subject_off;
 	size_t body_off;
@@ -748,9 +829,6 @@ static void parse_commit_header(struct format_commit_context *context)
 		} else if (!prefixcmp(msg + i, "committer ")) {
 			context->committer.off = i + 10;
 			context->committer.len = eol - i - 10;
-		} else if (!prefixcmp(msg + i, "encoding ")) {
-			context->encoding.off = i + 9;
-			context->encoding.len = eol - i - 9;
 		}
 		i = eol;
 	}
@@ -831,23 +909,6 @@ static void parse_commit_message(struct format_commit_context *c)
 	c->commit_message_parsed = 1;
 }
 
-static void format_decoration(struct strbuf *sb, const struct commit *commit)
-{
-	struct name_decoration *d;
-	const char *prefix = " (";
-
-	load_ref_decorations(DECORATE_SHORT_REFS);
-	d = lookup_decoration(&name_decoration, &commit->object);
-	while (d) {
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, prefix);
-		prefix = ", ";
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, d->name);
-		d = d->next;
-	}
-	if (prefix[0] == ',')
-		strbuf_addch(sb, ')');
-}
-
 static void strbuf_wrap(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos,
 			size_t width, size_t indent1, size_t indent2)
 {
@@ -877,59 +938,6 @@ static void rewrap_message_tail(struct strbuf *sb,
 	c->indent2 = new_indent2;
 }
 
-static struct {
-	char result;
-	const char *check;
-} signature_check[] = {
-	{ 'G', ": Good signature from " },
-	{ 'B', ": BAD signature from " },
-};
-
-static void parse_signature_lines(struct format_commit_context *ctx)
-{
-	const char *buf = ctx->signature.gpg_output;
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(signature_check); i++) {
-		const char *found = strstr(buf, signature_check[i].check);
-		const char *next;
-		if (!found)
-			continue;
-		ctx->signature.good_bad = signature_check[i].result;
-		found += strlen(signature_check[i].check);
-		next = strchrnul(found, '\n');
-		ctx->signature.signer = xmemdupz(found, next - found);
-		break;
-	}
-}
-
-static void parse_commit_signature(struct format_commit_context *ctx)
-{
-	struct strbuf payload = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf signature = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf gpg_output = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int status;
-
-	ctx->commit_signature_parsed = 1;
-
-	if (parse_signed_commit(ctx->commit->object.sha1,
-				&payload, &signature) <= 0)
-		goto out;
-	status = verify_signed_buffer(payload.buf, payload.len,
-				      signature.buf, signature.len,
-				      &gpg_output);
-	if (status && !gpg_output.len)
-		goto out;
-	ctx->signature.gpg_output = strbuf_detach(&gpg_output, NULL);
-	parse_signature_lines(ctx);
-
- out:
-	strbuf_release(&gpg_output);
-	strbuf_release(&payload);
-	strbuf_release(&signature);
-}
-
-
 static int format_reflog_person(struct strbuf *sb,
 				char part,
 				struct reflog_walk_info *log,
@@ -947,7 +955,112 @@ static int format_reflog_person(struct strbuf *sb,
 	return format_person_part(sb, part, ident, strlen(ident), dmode);
 }
 
-static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
+static size_t parse_color(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
+			  const char *placeholder,
+			  struct format_commit_context *c)
+{
+	if (placeholder[1] == '(') {
+		const char *begin = placeholder + 2;
+		const char *end = strchr(begin, ')');
+		char color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+
+		if (!end)
+			return 0;
+		if (!prefixcmp(begin, "auto,")) {
+			if (!want_color(c->pretty_ctx->color))
+				return end - placeholder + 1;
+			begin += 5;
+		}
+		color_parse_mem(begin,
+				end - begin,
+				"--pretty format", color);
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, color);
+		return end - placeholder + 1;
+	}
+	if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "red")) {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RED);
+		return 4;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "green")) {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_GREEN);
+		return 6;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "blue")) {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_BLUE);
+		return 5;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "reset")) {
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+		return 6;
+	} else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+static size_t parse_padding_placeholder(struct strbuf *sb,
+					const char *placeholder,
+					struct format_commit_context *c)
+{
+	const char *ch = placeholder;
+	enum flush_type flush_type;
+	int to_column = 0;
+
+	switch (*ch++) {
+	case '<':
+		flush_type = flush_right;
+		break;
+	case '>':
+		if (*ch == '<') {
+			flush_type = flush_both;
+			ch++;
+		} else if (*ch == '>') {
+			flush_type = flush_left_and_steal;
+			ch++;
+		} else
+			flush_type = flush_left;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* the next value means "wide enough to that column" */
+	if (*ch == '|') {
+		to_column = 1;
+		ch++;
+	}
+
+	if (*ch == '(') {
+		const char *start = ch + 1;
+		const char *end = start + strcspn(start, ",)");
+		char *next;
+		int width;
+		if (!end || end == start)
+			return 0;
+		width = strtoul(start, &next, 10);
+		if (next == start || width == 0)
+			return 0;
+		c->padding = to_column ? -width : width;
+		c->flush_type = flush_type;
+
+		if (*end == ',') {
+			start = end + 1;
+			end = strchr(start, ')');
+			if (!end || end == start)
+				return 0;
+			if (!prefixcmp(start, "trunc)"))
+				c->truncate = trunc_right;
+			else if (!prefixcmp(start, "ltrunc)"))
+				c->truncate = trunc_left;
+			else if (!prefixcmp(start, "mtrunc)"))
+				c->truncate = trunc_middle;
+			else
+				return 0;
+		} else
+			c->truncate = trunc_none;
+
+		return end - placeholder + 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
+				const char *placeholder,
 				void *context)
 {
 	struct format_commit_context *c = context;
@@ -959,31 +1072,20 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 	/* these are independent of the commit */
 	switch (placeholder[0]) {
 	case 'C':
-		if (placeholder[1] == '(') {
-			const char *end = strchr(placeholder + 2, ')');
-			char color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
-			if (!end)
-				return 0;
-			color_parse_mem(placeholder + 2,
-					end - (placeholder + 2),
-					"--pretty format", color);
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, color);
-			return end - placeholder + 1;
+		if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "(auto)")) {
+			c->auto_color = 1;
+			return 7; /* consumed 7 bytes, "C(auto)" */
+		} else {
+			int ret = parse_color(sb, placeholder, c);
+			if (ret)
+				c->auto_color = 0;
+			/*
+			 * Otherwise, we decided to treat %C<unknown>
+			 * as a literal string, and the previous
+			 * %C(auto) is still valid.
+			 */
+			return ret;
 		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "red")) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RED);
-			return 4;
-		} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "green")) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_GREEN);
-			return 6;
-		} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "blue")) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_BLUE);
-			return 5;
-		} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "reset")) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
-			return 6;
-		} else
-			return 0;
 	case 'n':		/* newline */
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 		return 1;
@@ -1021,6 +1123,10 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 			return end - placeholder + 1;
 		} else
 			return 0;
+
+	case '<':
+	case '>':
+		return parse_padding_placeholder(sb, placeholder, c);
 	}
 
 	/* these depend on the commit */
@@ -1029,13 +1135,19 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 
 	switch (placeholder[0]) {
 	case 'H':		/* commit hash */
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_get_color(c->auto_color, DIFF_COMMIT));
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_get_color(c->auto_color, DIFF_RESET));
 		return 1;
 	case 'h':		/* abbreviated commit hash */
-		if (add_again(sb, &c->abbrev_commit_hash))
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_get_color(c->auto_color, DIFF_COMMIT));
+		if (add_again(sb, &c->abbrev_commit_hash)) {
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_get_color(c->auto_color, DIFF_RESET));
 			return 1;
+		}
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1,
 						     c->pretty_ctx->abbrev));
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_get_color(c->auto_color, DIFF_RESET));
 		c->abbrev_commit_hash.len = sb->len - c->abbrev_commit_hash.off;
 		return 1;
 	case 'T':		/* tree hash */
@@ -1072,7 +1184,8 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, get_revision_mark(NULL, commit));
 		return 1;
 	case 'd':
-		format_decoration(sb, commit);
+		load_ref_decorations(DECORATE_SHORT_REFS);
+		format_decorations(sb, commit, c->auto_color);
 		return 1;
 	case 'g':		/* reflog info */
 		switch(placeholder[1]) {
@@ -1108,23 +1221,29 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 	}
 
 	if (placeholder[0] == 'G') {
-		if (!c->commit_signature_parsed)
-			parse_commit_signature(c);
+		if (!c->signature_check.result)
+			check_commit_signature(c->commit, &(c->signature_check));
 		switch (placeholder[1]) {
 		case 'G':
-			if (c->signature.gpg_output)
-				strbuf_addstr(sb, c->signature.gpg_output);
+			if (c->signature_check.gpg_output)
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, c->signature_check.gpg_output);
 			break;
 		case '?':
-			switch (c->signature.good_bad) {
+			switch (c->signature_check.result) {
 			case 'G':
 			case 'B':
-				strbuf_addch(sb, c->signature.good_bad);
+			case 'U':
+			case 'N':
+				strbuf_addch(sb, c->signature_check.result);
 			}
 			break;
 		case 'S':
-			if (c->signature.signer)
-				strbuf_addstr(sb, c->signature.signer);
+			if (c->signature_check.signer)
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, c->signature_check.signer);
+			break;
+		case 'K':
+			if (c->signature_check.key)
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, c->signature_check.key);
 			break;
 		}
 		return 2;
@@ -1145,7 +1264,8 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 				   msg + c->committer.off, c->committer.len,
 				   c->pretty_ctx->date_mode);
 	case 'e':	/* encoding */
-		strbuf_add(sb, msg + c->encoding.off, c->encoding.len);
+		if (c->commit_encoding)
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, c->commit_encoding);
 		return 1;
 	case 'B':	/* raw body */
 		/* message_off is always left at the initial newline */
@@ -1171,7 +1291,111 @@ static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 	return 0;	/* unknown placeholder */
 }
 
-static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
+static size_t format_and_pad_commit(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
+				    const char *placeholder,
+				    struct format_commit_context *c)
+{
+	struct strbuf local_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int total_consumed = 0, len, padding = c->padding;
+	if (padding < 0) {
+		const char *start = strrchr(sb->buf, '\n');
+		int occupied;
+		if (!start)
+			start = sb->buf;
+		occupied = utf8_strnwidth(start, -1, 1);
+		padding = (-padding) - occupied;
+	}
+	while (1) {
+		int modifier = *placeholder == 'C';
+		int consumed = format_commit_one(&local_sb, placeholder, c);
+		total_consumed += consumed;
+
+		if (!modifier)
+			break;
+
+		placeholder += consumed;
+		if (*placeholder != '%')
+			break;
+		placeholder++;
+		total_consumed++;
+	}
+	len = utf8_strnwidth(local_sb.buf, -1, 1);
+
+	if (c->flush_type == flush_left_and_steal) {
+		const char *ch = sb->buf + sb->len - 1;
+		while (len > padding && ch > sb->buf) {
+			const char *p;
+			if (*ch == ' ') {
+				ch--;
+				padding++;
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* check for trailing ansi sequences */
+			if (*ch != 'm')
+				break;
+			p = ch - 1;
+			while (ch - p < 10 && *p != '\033')
+				p--;
+			if (*p != '\033' ||
+			    ch + 1 - p != display_mode_esc_sequence_len(p))
+				break;
+			/*
+			 * got a good ansi sequence, put it back to
+			 * local_sb as we're cutting sb
+			 */
+			strbuf_insert(&local_sb, 0, p, ch + 1 - p);
+			ch = p - 1;
+		}
+		strbuf_setlen(sb, ch + 1 - sb->buf);
+		c->flush_type = flush_left;
+	}
+
+	if (len > padding) {
+		switch (c->truncate) {
+		case trunc_left:
+			strbuf_utf8_replace(&local_sb,
+					    0, len - (padding - 2),
+					    "..");
+			break;
+		case trunc_middle:
+			strbuf_utf8_replace(&local_sb,
+					    padding / 2 - 1,
+					    len - (padding - 2),
+					    "..");
+			break;
+		case trunc_right:
+			strbuf_utf8_replace(&local_sb,
+					    padding - 2, len - (padding - 2),
+					    "..");
+			break;
+		case trunc_none:
+			break;
+		}
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, local_sb.buf);
+	} else {
+		int sb_len = sb->len, offset = 0;
+		if (c->flush_type == flush_left)
+			offset = padding - len;
+		else if (c->flush_type == flush_both)
+			offset = (padding - len) / 2;
+		/*
+		 * we calculate padding in columns, now
+		 * convert it back to chars
+		 */
+		padding = padding - len + local_sb.len;
+		strbuf_grow(sb, padding);
+		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb_len + padding);
+		memset(sb->buf + sb_len, ' ', sb->len - sb_len);
+		memcpy(sb->buf + sb_len + offset, local_sb.buf,
+		       local_sb.len);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&local_sb);
+	c->flush_type = no_flush;
+	return total_consumed;
+}
+
+static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, /* in UTF-8 */
+				 const char *placeholder,
 				 void *context)
 {
 	int consumed;
@@ -1200,7 +1424,10 @@ static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 		placeholder++;
 
 	orig_len = sb->len;
-	consumed = format_commit_one(sb, placeholder, context);
+	if (((struct format_commit_context *)context)->flush_type != no_flush)
+		consumed = format_and_pad_commit(sb, placeholder, context);
+	else
+		consumed = format_commit_one(sb, placeholder, context);
 	if (magic == NO_MAGIC)
 		return consumed;
 
@@ -1251,22 +1478,40 @@ void format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
 {
 	struct format_commit_context context;
 	const char *output_enc = pretty_ctx->output_encoding;
+	const char *utf8 = "UTF-8";
 
 	memset(&context, 0, sizeof(context));
 	context.commit = commit;
 	context.pretty_ctx = pretty_ctx;
 	context.wrap_start = sb->len;
-	context.message = logmsg_reencode(commit, output_enc);
-	if (!context.message)
-		context.message = commit->buffer;
+	context.message = logmsg_reencode(commit,
+					  &context.commit_encoding,
+					  output_enc);
 
 	strbuf_expand(sb, format, format_commit_item, &context);
 	rewrap_message_tail(sb, &context, 0, 0, 0);
 
-	if (context.message != commit->buffer)
-		free(context.message);
-	free(context.signature.gpg_output);
-	free(context.signature.signer);
+	if (output_enc) {
+		if (same_encoding(utf8, output_enc))
+			output_enc = NULL;
+	} else {
+		if (context.commit_encoding &&
+		    !same_encoding(context.commit_encoding, utf8))
+			output_enc = context.commit_encoding;
+	}
+
+	if (output_enc) {
+		int outsz;
+		char *out = reencode_string_len(sb->buf, sb->len,
+						output_enc, utf8, &outsz);
+		if (out)
+			strbuf_attach(sb, out, outsz, outsz + 1);
+	}
+
+	free(context.commit_encoding);
+	logmsg_free(context.message, commit);
+	free(context.signature_check.gpg_output);
+	free(context.signature_check.signer);
 }
 
 static void pp_header(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
@@ -1294,7 +1539,7 @@ static void pp_header(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (!memcmp(line, "parent ", 7)) {
+		if (!prefixcmp(line, "parent ")) {
 			if (linelen != 48)
 				die("bad parent line in commit");
 			continue;
@@ -1318,11 +1563,11 @@ static void pp_header(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 		 * FULL shows both authors but not dates.
 		 * FULLER shows both authors and dates.
 		 */
-		if (!memcmp(line, "author ", 7)) {
+		if (!prefixcmp(line, "author ")) {
 			strbuf_grow(sb, linelen + 80);
 			pp_user_info(pp, "Author", sb, line + 7, encoding);
 		}
-		if (!memcmp(line, "committer ", 10) &&
+		if (!prefixcmp(line, "committer ") &&
 		    (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULL || pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULLER)) {
 			strbuf_grow(sb, linelen + 80);
 			pp_user_info(pp, "Commit", sb, line + 10, encoding);
@@ -1411,7 +1656,7 @@ void pretty_print_commit(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 {
 	unsigned long beginning_of_body;
 	int indent = 4;
-	const char *msg = commit->buffer;
+	const char *msg;
 	char *reencoded;
 	const char *encoding;
 	int need_8bit_cte = pp->need_8bit_cte;
@@ -1422,10 +1667,7 @@ void pretty_print_commit(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	}
 
 	encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
-	reencoded = logmsg_reencode(commit, encoding);
-	if (reencoded) {
-		msg = reencoded;
-	}
+	msg = reencoded = logmsg_reencode(commit, NULL, encoding);
 
 	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE || pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
 		indent = 0;
@@ -1482,7 +1724,7 @@ void pretty_print_commit(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL && sb->len <= beginning_of_body)
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 
-	free(reencoded);
+	logmsg_free(reencoded, commit);
 }
 
 void pp_commit_easy(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
diff --git a/progress.c b/progress.c
index 3971f49..10652b1 100644
--- a/progress.c
+++ b/progress.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "progress.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 #define TP_IDX_MAX      8
 
@@ -112,34 +113,14 @@ static int display(struct progress *progress, unsigned n, const char *done)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void throughput_string(struct throughput *tp, off_t total,
+static void throughput_string(struct strbuf *buf, off_t total,
 			      unsigned int rate)
 {
-	int l = sizeof(tp->display);
-	if (total > 1 << 30) {
-		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u.%2.2u GiB",
-			      (int)(total >> 30),
-			      (int)(total & ((1 << 30) - 1)) / 10737419);
-	} else if (total > 1 << 20) {
-		int x = total + 5243;  /* for rounding */
-		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u.%2.2u MiB",
-			      x >> 20, ((x & ((1 << 20) - 1)) * 100) >> 20);
-	} else if (total > 1 << 10) {
-		int x = total + 5;  /* for rounding */
-		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u.%2.2u KiB",
-			      x >> 10, ((x & ((1 << 10) - 1)) * 100) >> 10);
-	} else {
-		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u bytes", (int)total);
-	}
-
-	if (rate > 1 << 10) {
-		int x = rate + 5;  /* for rounding */
-		snprintf(tp->display + sizeof(tp->display) - l, l,
-			 " | %u.%2.2u MiB/s",
-			 x >> 10, ((x & ((1 << 10) - 1)) * 100) >> 10);
-	} else if (rate)
-		snprintf(tp->display + sizeof(tp->display) - l, l,
-			 " | %u KiB/s", rate);
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, ", ");
+	strbuf_humanise_bytes(buf, total);
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, " | ");
+	strbuf_humanise_bytes(buf, rate * 1024);
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, "/s");
 }
 
 void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, off_t total)
@@ -183,6 +164,7 @@ void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, off_t total)
 	misecs += (int)(tv.tv_usec - tp->prev_tv.tv_usec) / 977;
 
 	if (misecs > 512) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		unsigned int count, rate;
 
 		count = total - tp->prev_total;
@@ -197,7 +179,9 @@ void display_throughput(struct progress *progress, off_t total)
 		tp->last_misecs[tp->idx] = misecs;
 		tp->idx = (tp->idx + 1) % TP_IDX_MAX;
 
-		throughput_string(tp, total, rate);
+		throughput_string(&buf, total, rate);
+		strncpy(tp->display, buf.buf, sizeof(tp->display));
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		if (progress->last_value != -1 && progress_update)
 			display(progress, progress->last_value, NULL);
 	}
@@ -253,9 +237,12 @@ void stop_progress_msg(struct progress **p_progress, const char *msg)
 
 		bufp = (len < sizeof(buf)) ? buf : xmalloc(len + 1);
 		if (tp) {
+			struct strbuf strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 			unsigned int rate = !tp->avg_misecs ? 0 :
 					tp->avg_bytes / tp->avg_misecs;
-			throughput_string(tp, tp->curr_total, rate);
+			throughput_string(&strbuf, tp->curr_total, rate);
+			strncpy(tp->display, strbuf.buf, sizeof(tp->display));
+			strbuf_release(&strbuf);
 		}
 		progress_update = 1;
 		sprintf(bufp, ", %s.\n", msg);
diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c
index b4d0825..04ed561 100644
--- a/read-cache.c
+++ b/read-cache.c
@@ -197,21 +197,25 @@ static int ce_match_stat_basic(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 	}
 	if (ce->ce_mtime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_mtime)
 		changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
-	if (trust_ctime && ce->ce_ctime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_ctime)
+	if (trust_ctime && check_stat &&
+	    ce->ce_ctime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_ctime)
 		changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
 
 #ifdef USE_NSEC
-	if (ce->ce_mtime.nsec != ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st))
+	if (check_stat && ce->ce_mtime.nsec != ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st))
 		changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
-	if (trust_ctime && ce->ce_ctime.nsec != ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st))
+	if (trust_ctime && check_stat &&
+	    ce->ce_ctime.nsec != ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st))
 		changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
 #endif
 
-	if (ce->ce_uid != (unsigned int) st->st_uid ||
-	    ce->ce_gid != (unsigned int) st->st_gid)
-		changed |= OWNER_CHANGED;
-	if (ce->ce_ino != (unsigned int) st->st_ino)
-		changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
+	if (check_stat) {
+		if (ce->ce_uid != (unsigned int) st->st_uid ||
+			ce->ce_gid != (unsigned int) st->st_gid)
+			changed |= OWNER_CHANGED;
+		if (ce->ce_ino != (unsigned int) st->st_ino)
+			changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
+	}
 
 #ifdef USE_STDEV
 	/*
@@ -219,8 +223,8 @@ static int ce_match_stat_basic(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 	 * clients will have different views of what "device"
 	 * the filesystem is on
 	 */
-	if (ce->ce_dev != (unsigned int) st->st_dev)
-		changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
+	if (check_stat && ce->ce_dev != (unsigned int) st->st_dev)
+			changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
 #endif
 
 	if (ce->ce_size != (unsigned int) st->st_size)
@@ -1895,3 +1899,37 @@ int index_name_is_other(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name,
 	}
 	return 1;
 }
+
+void *read_blob_data_from_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, unsigned long *size)
+{
+	int pos, len;
+	unsigned long sz;
+	enum object_type type;
+	void *data;
+
+	len = strlen(path);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
+	if (pos < 0) {
+		/*
+		 * We might be in the middle of a merge, in which
+		 * case we would read stage #2 (ours).
+		 */
+		int i;
+		for (i = -pos - 1;
+		     (pos < 0 && i < istate->cache_nr &&
+		      !strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, path));
+		     i++)
+			if (ce_stage(istate->cache[i]) == 2)
+				pos = i;
+	}
+	if (pos < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	data = read_sha1_file(istate->cache[pos]->sha1, &type, &sz);
+	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+		free(data);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	if (size)
+		*size = sz;
+	return data;
+}
diff --git a/refs.c b/refs.c
index 6770e96..de2d8eb 100644
--- a/refs.c
+++ b/refs.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "object.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 /*
  * Make sure "ref" is something reasonable to have under ".git/refs/";
@@ -333,14 +334,12 @@ struct string_slice {
 
 static int ref_entry_cmp_sslice(const void *key_, const void *ent_)
 {
-	struct string_slice *key = (struct string_slice *)key_;
-	struct ref_entry *ent = *(struct ref_entry **)ent_;
-	int entlen = strlen(ent->name);
-	int cmplen = key->len < entlen ? key->len : entlen;
-	int cmp = memcmp(key->str, ent->name, cmplen);
+	const struct string_slice *key = key_;
+	const struct ref_entry *ent = *(const struct ref_entry * const *)ent_;
+	int cmp = strncmp(key->str, ent->name, key->len);
 	if (cmp)
 		return cmp;
-	return key->len - entlen;
+	return '\0' - (unsigned char)ent->name[key->len];
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2333,59 +2332,117 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *refname, unsigned long at_time, int cnt,
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long ofs, void *cb_data)
+static int show_one_reflog_ent(struct strbuf *sb, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	unsigned char osha1[20], nsha1[20];
+	char *email_end, *message;
+	unsigned long timestamp;
+	int tz;
+
+	/* old SP new SP name <email> SP time TAB msg LF */
+	if (sb->len < 83 || sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n' ||
+	    get_sha1_hex(sb->buf, osha1) || sb->buf[40] != ' ' ||
+	    get_sha1_hex(sb->buf + 41, nsha1) || sb->buf[81] != ' ' ||
+	    !(email_end = strchr(sb->buf + 82, '>')) ||
+	    email_end[1] != ' ' ||
+	    !(timestamp = strtoul(email_end + 2, &message, 10)) ||
+	    !message || message[0] != ' ' ||
+	    (message[1] != '+' && message[1] != '-') ||
+	    !isdigit(message[2]) || !isdigit(message[3]) ||
+	    !isdigit(message[4]) || !isdigit(message[5]))
+		return 0; /* corrupt? */
+	email_end[1] = '\0';
+	tz = strtol(message + 1, NULL, 10);
+	if (message[6] != '\t')
+		message += 6;
+	else
+		message += 7;
+	return fn(osha1, nsha1, sb->buf + 82, timestamp, tz, message, cb_data);
+}
+
+static char *find_beginning_of_line(char *bob, char *scan)
+{
+	while (bob < scan && *(--scan) != '\n')
+		; /* keep scanning backwards */
+	/*
+	 * Return either beginning of the buffer, or LF at the end of
+	 * the previous line.
+	 */
+	return scan;
+}
+
+int for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	const char *logfile;
-	FILE *logfp;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int ret = 0;
+	FILE *logfp;
+	long pos;
+	int ret = 0, at_tail = 1;
 
-	logfile = git_path("logs/%s", refname);
-	logfp = fopen(logfile, "r");
+	logfp = fopen(git_path("logs/%s", refname), "r");
 	if (!logfp)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (ofs) {
-		struct stat statbuf;
-		if (fstat(fileno(logfp), &statbuf) ||
-		    statbuf.st_size < ofs ||
-		    fseek(logfp, -ofs, SEEK_END) ||
-		    strbuf_getwholeline(&sb, logfp, '\n')) {
-			fclose(logfp);
-			strbuf_release(&sb);
-			return -1;
+	/* Jump to the end */
+	if (fseek(logfp, 0, SEEK_END) < 0)
+		return error("cannot seek back reflog for %s: %s",
+			     refname, strerror(errno));
+	pos = ftell(logfp);
+	while (!ret && 0 < pos) {
+		int cnt;
+		size_t nread;
+		char buf[BUFSIZ];
+		char *endp, *scanp;
+
+		/* Fill next block from the end */
+		cnt = (sizeof(buf) < pos) ? sizeof(buf) : pos;
+		if (fseek(logfp, pos - cnt, SEEK_SET))
+			return error("cannot seek back reflog for %s: %s",
+				     refname, strerror(errno));
+		nread = fread(buf, cnt, 1, logfp);
+		if (nread != 1)
+			return error("cannot read %d bytes from reflog for %s: %s",
+				     cnt, refname, strerror(errno));
+		pos -= cnt;
+
+		scanp = endp = buf + cnt;
+		if (at_tail && scanp[-1] == '\n')
+			/* Looking at the final LF at the end of the file */
+			scanp--;
+		at_tail = 0;
+
+		while (buf < scanp) {
+			/*
+			 * terminating LF of the previous line, or the beginning
+			 * of the buffer.
+			 */
+			char *bp;
+
+			bp = find_beginning_of_line(buf, scanp);
+
+			if (*bp != '\n') {
+				strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, buf, endp - buf);
+				if (pos)
+					break; /* need to fill another block */
+				scanp = buf - 1; /* leave loop */
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * (bp + 1) thru endp is the beginning of the
+				 * current line we have in sb
+				 */
+				strbuf_splice(&sb, 0, 0, bp + 1, endp - (bp + 1));
+				scanp = bp;
+				endp = bp + 1;
+			}
+			ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
+			strbuf_reset(&sb);
+			if (ret)
+				break;
 		}
-	}
 
-	while (!strbuf_getwholeline(&sb, logfp, '\n')) {
-		unsigned char osha1[20], nsha1[20];
-		char *email_end, *message;
-		unsigned long timestamp;
-		int tz;
-
-		/* old SP new SP name <email> SP time TAB msg LF */
-		if (sb.len < 83 || sb.buf[sb.len - 1] != '\n' ||
-		    get_sha1_hex(sb.buf, osha1) || sb.buf[40] != ' ' ||
-		    get_sha1_hex(sb.buf + 41, nsha1) || sb.buf[81] != ' ' ||
-		    !(email_end = strchr(sb.buf + 82, '>')) ||
-		    email_end[1] != ' ' ||
-		    !(timestamp = strtoul(email_end + 2, &message, 10)) ||
-		    !message || message[0] != ' ' ||
-		    (message[1] != '+' && message[1] != '-') ||
-		    !isdigit(message[2]) || !isdigit(message[3]) ||
-		    !isdigit(message[4]) || !isdigit(message[5]))
-			continue; /* corrupt? */
-		email_end[1] = '\0';
-		tz = strtol(message + 1, NULL, 10);
-		if (message[6] != '\t')
-			message += 6;
-		else
-			message += 7;
-		ret = fn(osha1, nsha1, sb.buf + 82, timestamp, tz, message,
-			 cb_data);
-		if (ret)
-			break;
 	}
+	if (!ret && sb.len)
+		ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
+
 	fclose(logfp);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 	return ret;
@@ -2393,9 +2450,20 @@ int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long
 
 int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return for_each_recent_reflog_ent(refname, fn, 0, cb_data);
-}
+	FILE *logfp;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = 0;
 
+	logfp = fopen(git_path("logs/%s", refname), "r");
+	if (!logfp)
+		return -1;
+
+	while (!ret && !strbuf_getwholeline(&sb, logfp, '\n'))
+		ret = show_one_reflog_ent(&sb, fn, cb_data);
+	fclose(logfp);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
 /*
  * Call fn for each reflog in the namespace indicated by name.  name
  * must be empty or end with '/'.  Name will be used as a scratch
@@ -2595,3 +2663,46 @@ char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict)
 	free(short_name);
 	return xstrdup(refname);
 }
+
+static struct string_list *hide_refs;
+
+int parse_hide_refs_config(const char *var, const char *value, const char *section)
+{
+	if (!strcmp("transfer.hiderefs", var) ||
+	    /* NEEDSWORK: use parse_config_key() once both are merged */
+	    (!prefixcmp(var, section) && var[strlen(section)] == '.' &&
+	     !strcmp(var + strlen(section), ".hiderefs"))) {
+		char *ref;
+		int len;
+
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		ref = xstrdup(value);
+		len = strlen(ref);
+		while (len && ref[len - 1] == '/')
+			ref[--len] = '\0';
+		if (!hide_refs) {
+			hide_refs = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*hide_refs));
+			hide_refs->strdup_strings = 1;
+		}
+		string_list_append(hide_refs, ref);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int ref_is_hidden(const char *refname)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+
+	if (!hide_refs)
+		return 0;
+	for_each_string_list_item(item, hide_refs) {
+		int len;
+		if (prefixcmp(refname, item->string))
+			continue;
+		len = strlen(item->string);
+		if (!refname[len] || refname[len] == '/')
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/refs.h b/refs.h
index d6c2fe2..a35eafc 100644
--- a/refs.h
+++ b/refs.h
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ extern int read_ref_at(const char *refname, unsigned long at_time, int cnt,
 /* iterate over reflog entries */
 typedef int each_reflog_ent_fn(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1, const char *, unsigned long, int, const char *, void *);
 int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data);
-int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data);
 
 /*
  * Calls the specified function for each reflog file until it returns nonzero,
@@ -147,4 +147,7 @@ int update_ref(const char *action, const char *refname,
 		const unsigned char *sha1, const unsigned char *oldval,
 		int flags, enum action_on_err onerr);
 
+extern int parse_hide_refs_config(const char *var, const char *value, const char *);
+extern int ref_is_hidden(const char *);
+
 #endif /* REFS_H */
diff --git a/remote-curl.c b/remote-curl.c
index 933c69a..60eda63 100644
--- a/remote-curl.c
+++ b/remote-curl.c
@@ -76,21 +76,109 @@ struct discovery {
 	char *buf_alloc;
 	char *buf;
 	size_t len;
+	struct ref *refs;
 	unsigned proto_git : 1;
 };
 static struct discovery *last_discovery;
 
+static struct ref *parse_git_refs(struct discovery *heads, int for_push)
+{
+	struct ref *list = NULL;
+	get_remote_heads(-1, heads->buf, heads->len, &list,
+			 for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0, NULL);
+	return list;
+}
+
+static struct ref *parse_info_refs(struct discovery *heads)
+{
+	char *data, *start, *mid;
+	char *ref_name;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	struct ref *refs = NULL;
+	struct ref *ref = NULL;
+	struct ref *last_ref = NULL;
+
+	data = heads->buf;
+	start = NULL;
+	mid = data;
+	while (i < heads->len) {
+		if (!start) {
+			start = &data[i];
+		}
+		if (data[i] == '\t')
+			mid = &data[i];
+		if (data[i] == '\n') {
+			if (mid - start != 40)
+				die("%sinfo/refs not valid: is this a git repository?", url);
+			data[i] = 0;
+			ref_name = mid + 1;
+			ref = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref) +
+				      strlen(ref_name) + 1);
+			memset(ref, 0, sizeof(struct ref));
+			strcpy(ref->name, ref_name);
+			get_sha1_hex(start, ref->old_sha1);
+			if (!refs)
+				refs = ref;
+			if (last_ref)
+				last_ref->next = ref;
+			last_ref = ref;
+			start = NULL;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+
+	ref = alloc_ref("HEAD");
+	if (!http_fetch_ref(url, ref) &&
+	    !resolve_remote_symref(ref, refs)) {
+		ref->next = refs;
+		refs = ref;
+	} else {
+		free(ref);
+	}
+
+	return refs;
+}
+
 static void free_discovery(struct discovery *d)
 {
 	if (d) {
 		if (d == last_discovery)
 			last_discovery = NULL;
 		free(d->buf_alloc);
+		free_refs(d->refs);
 		free(d);
 	}
 }
 
-static struct discovery* discover_refs(const char *service)
+static int show_http_message(struct strbuf *type, struct strbuf *msg)
+{
+	const char *p, *eol;
+
+	/*
+	 * We only show text/plain parts, as other types are likely
+	 * to be ugly to look at on the user's terminal.
+	 *
+	 * TODO should handle "; charset=XXX", and re-encode into
+	 * logoutputencoding
+	 */
+	if (strcasecmp(type->buf, "text/plain"))
+		return -1;
+
+	strbuf_trim(msg);
+	if (!msg->len)
+		return -1;
+
+	p = msg->buf;
+	do {
+		eol = strchrnul(p, '\n');
+		fprintf(stderr, "remote: %.*s\n", (int)(eol - p), p);
+		p = eol + 1;
+	} while(*eol);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct discovery* discover_refs(const char *service, int for_push)
 {
 	struct strbuf exp = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf type = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -115,18 +203,20 @@ static struct discovery* discover_refs(const char *service)
 	}
 	refs_url = strbuf_detach(&buffer, NULL);
 
-	http_ret = http_get_strbuf(refs_url, &type, &buffer, HTTP_NO_CACHE);
+	http_ret = http_get_strbuf(refs_url, &type, &buffer,
+				   HTTP_NO_CACHE | HTTP_KEEP_ERROR);
 	switch (http_ret) {
 	case HTTP_OK:
 		break;
 	case HTTP_MISSING_TARGET:
-		die("%s not found: did you run git update-server-info on the"
-		    " server?", refs_url);
+		show_http_message(&type, &buffer);
+		die("repository '%s' not found", url);
 	case HTTP_NOAUTH:
-		die("Authentication failed");
+		show_http_message(&type, &buffer);
+		die("Authentication failed for '%s'", url);
 	default:
-		http_error(refs_url, http_ret);
-		die("HTTP request failed");
+		show_http_message(&type, &buffer);
+		die("unable to access '%s': %s", url, curl_errorstr);
 	}
 
 	last= xcalloc(1, sizeof(*last_discovery));
@@ -138,32 +228,35 @@ static struct discovery* discover_refs(const char *service)
 	if (maybe_smart &&
 	    (5 <= last->len && last->buf[4] == '#') &&
 	    !strbuf_cmp(&exp, &type)) {
+		char *line;
+
 		/*
 		 * smart HTTP response; validate that the service
 		 * pkt-line matches our request.
 		 */
-		if (packet_get_line(&buffer, &last->buf, &last->len) <= 0)
-			die("%s has invalid packet header", refs_url);
-		if (buffer.len && buffer.buf[buffer.len - 1] == '\n')
-			strbuf_setlen(&buffer, buffer.len - 1);
+		line = packet_read_line_buf(&last->buf, &last->len, NULL);
 
 		strbuf_reset(&exp);
 		strbuf_addf(&exp, "# service=%s", service);
-		if (strbuf_cmp(&exp, &buffer))
-			die("invalid server response; got '%s'", buffer.buf);
+		if (strcmp(line, exp.buf))
+			die("invalid server response; got '%s'", line);
 		strbuf_release(&exp);
 
 		/* The header can include additional metadata lines, up
 		 * until a packet flush marker.  Ignore these now, but
 		 * in the future we might start to scan them.
 		 */
-		strbuf_reset(&buffer);
-		while (packet_get_line(&buffer, &last->buf, &last->len) > 0)
-			strbuf_reset(&buffer);
+		while (packet_read_line_buf(&last->buf, &last->len, NULL))
+			;
 
 		last->proto_git = 1;
 	}
 
+	if (last->proto_git)
+		last->refs = parse_git_refs(last, for_push);
+	else
+		last->refs = parse_info_refs(last);
+
 	free(refs_url);
 	strbuf_release(&exp);
 	strbuf_release(&type);
@@ -172,99 +265,16 @@ static struct discovery* discover_refs(const char *service)
 	return last;
 }
 
-static int write_discovery(int in, int out, void *data)
-{
-	struct discovery *heads = data;
-	int err = 0;
-	if (write_in_full(out, heads->buf, heads->len) != heads->len)
-		err = 1;
-	close(out);
-	return err;
-}
-
-static struct ref *parse_git_refs(struct discovery *heads, int for_push)
-{
-	struct ref *list = NULL;
-	struct async async;
-
-	memset(&async, 0, sizeof(async));
-	async.proc = write_discovery;
-	async.data = heads;
-	async.out = -1;
-
-	if (start_async(&async))
-		die("cannot start thread to parse advertised refs");
-	get_remote_heads(async.out, &list,
-			for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0, NULL);
-	close(async.out);
-	if (finish_async(&async))
-		die("ref parsing thread failed");
-	return list;
-}
-
-static struct ref *parse_info_refs(struct discovery *heads)
-{
-	char *data, *start, *mid;
-	char *ref_name;
-	int i = 0;
-
-	struct ref *refs = NULL;
-	struct ref *ref = NULL;
-	struct ref *last_ref = NULL;
-
-	data = heads->buf;
-	start = NULL;
-	mid = data;
-	while (i < heads->len) {
-		if (!start) {
-			start = &data[i];
-		}
-		if (data[i] == '\t')
-			mid = &data[i];
-		if (data[i] == '\n') {
-			if (mid - start != 40)
-				die("%sinfo/refs not valid: is this a git repository?", url);
-			data[i] = 0;
-			ref_name = mid + 1;
-			ref = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref) +
-				      strlen(ref_name) + 1);
-			memset(ref, 0, sizeof(struct ref));
-			strcpy(ref->name, ref_name);
-			get_sha1_hex(start, ref->old_sha1);
-			if (!refs)
-				refs = ref;
-			if (last_ref)
-				last_ref->next = ref;
-			last_ref = ref;
-			start = NULL;
-		}
-		i++;
-	}
-
-	ref = alloc_ref("HEAD");
-	if (!http_fetch_ref(url, ref) &&
-	    !resolve_remote_symref(ref, refs)) {
-		ref->next = refs;
-		refs = ref;
-	} else {
-		free(ref);
-	}
-
-	return refs;
-}
-
 static struct ref *get_refs(int for_push)
 {
 	struct discovery *heads;
 
 	if (for_push)
-		heads = discover_refs("git-receive-pack");
+		heads = discover_refs("git-receive-pack", for_push);
 	else
-		heads = discover_refs("git-upload-pack");
+		heads = discover_refs("git-upload-pack", for_push);
 
-	if (heads->proto_git)
-		return parse_git_refs(heads, for_push);
-	return parse_info_refs(heads);
+	return heads->refs;
 }
 
 static void output_refs(struct ref *refs)
@@ -278,7 +288,6 @@ static void output_refs(struct ref *refs)
 	}
 	printf("\n");
 	fflush(stdout);
-	free_refs(refs);
 }
 
 struct rpc_state {
@@ -308,7 +317,7 @@ static size_t rpc_out(void *ptr, size_t eltsize,
 
 	if (!avail) {
 		rpc->initial_buffer = 0;
-		avail = packet_read_line(rpc->out, rpc->buf, rpc->alloc);
+		avail = packet_read(rpc->out, NULL, NULL, rpc->buf, rpc->alloc, 0);
 		if (!avail)
 			return 0;
 		rpc->pos = 0;
@@ -425,7 +434,7 @@ static int post_rpc(struct rpc_state *rpc)
 			break;
 		}
 
-		n = packet_read_line(rpc->out, buf, left);
+		n = packet_read(rpc->out, NULL, NULL, buf, left, 0);
 		if (!n)
 			break;
 		rpc->len += n;
@@ -579,7 +588,7 @@ static int rpc_service(struct rpc_state *rpc, struct discovery *heads)
 	rpc->hdr_accept = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
 	while (!err) {
-		int n = packet_read_line(rpc->out, rpc->buf, rpc->alloc);
+		int n = packet_read(rpc->out, NULL, NULL, rpc->buf, rpc->alloc, 0);
 		if (!n)
 			break;
 		rpc->pos = 0;
@@ -685,7 +694,7 @@ static int fetch_git(struct discovery *heads,
 
 	err = rpc_service(&rpc, heads);
 	if (rpc.result.len)
-		safe_write(1, rpc.result.buf, rpc.result.len);
+		write_or_die(1, rpc.result.buf, rpc.result.len);
 	strbuf_release(&rpc.result);
 	strbuf_release(&preamble);
 	free(depth_arg);
@@ -694,7 +703,7 @@ static int fetch_git(struct discovery *heads,
 
 static int fetch(int nr_heads, struct ref **to_fetch)
 {
-	struct discovery *d = discover_refs("git-upload-pack");
+	struct discovery *d = discover_refs("git-upload-pack", 0);
 	if (d->proto_git)
 		return fetch_git(d, nr_heads, to_fetch);
 	else
@@ -805,7 +814,7 @@ static int push_git(struct discovery *heads, int nr_spec, char **specs)
 
 	err = rpc_service(&rpc, heads);
 	if (rpc.result.len)
-		safe_write(1, rpc.result.buf, rpc.result.len);
+		write_or_die(1, rpc.result.buf, rpc.result.len);
 	strbuf_release(&rpc.result);
 	free(argv);
 	return err;
@@ -813,7 +822,7 @@ static int push_git(struct discovery *heads, int nr_spec, char **specs)
 
 static int push(int nr_spec, char **specs)
 {
-	struct discovery *heads = discover_refs("git-receive-pack");
+	struct discovery *heads = discover_refs("git-receive-pack", 1);
 	int ret;
 
 	if (heads->proto_git)
diff --git a/remote.c b/remote.c
index ca1f8f2..68eb99b 100644
--- a/remote.c
+++ b/remote.c
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ static struct refspec s_tag_refspec = {
 	0,
 	1,
 	0,
+	0,
 	"refs/tags/*",
 	"refs/tags/*"
 };
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ static int branches_nr;
 
 static struct branch *current_branch;
 static const char *default_remote_name;
+static const char *pushremote_name;
 static int explicit_default_remote_name;
 
 static struct rewrites rewrites;
@@ -356,13 +358,16 @@ static int handle_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 			return 0;
 		branch = make_branch(name, subkey - name);
 		if (!strcmp(subkey, ".remote")) {
-			if (!value)
-				return config_error_nonbool(key);
-			branch->remote_name = xstrdup(value);
+			if (git_config_string(&branch->remote_name, key, value))
+				return -1;
 			if (branch == current_branch) {
 				default_remote_name = branch->remote_name;
 				explicit_default_remote_name = 1;
 			}
+		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".pushremote")) {
+			if (branch == current_branch)
+				if (git_config_string(&pushremote_name, key, value))
+					return -1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".merge")) {
 			if (!value)
 				return config_error_nonbool(key);
@@ -388,9 +393,16 @@ static int handle_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 			add_instead_of(rewrite, xstrdup(value));
 		}
 	}
+
 	if (prefixcmp(key,  "remote."))
 		return 0;
 	name = key + 7;
+
+	/* Handle remote.* variables */
+	if (!strcmp(name, "pushdefault"))
+		return git_config_string(&pushremote_name, key, value);
+
+	/* Handle remote.<name>.* variables */
 	if (*name == '/') {
 		warning("Config remote shorthand cannot begin with '/': %s",
 			name);
@@ -538,7 +550,7 @@ static struct refspec *parse_refspec_internal(int nr_refspec, const char **refsp
 
 		/*
 		 * Before going on, special case ":" (or "+:") as a refspec
-		 * for matching refs.
+		 * for pushing matching refs.
 		 */
 		if (!fetch && rhs == lhs && rhs[1] == '\0') {
 			rs[i].matching = 1;
@@ -565,26 +577,25 @@ static struct refspec *parse_refspec_internal(int nr_refspec, const char **refsp
 		flags = REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL | (is_glob ? REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN : 0);
 
 		if (fetch) {
-			/*
-			 * LHS
-			 * - empty is allowed; it means HEAD.
-			 * - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
-			 */
+			unsigned char unused[40];
+
+			/* LHS */
 			if (!*rs[i].src)
-				; /* empty is ok */
-			else if (check_refname_format(rs[i].src, flags))
+				; /* empty is ok; it means "HEAD" */
+			else if (llen == 40 && !get_sha1_hex(rs[i].src, unused))
+				rs[i].exact_sha1 = 1; /* ok */
+			else if (!check_refname_format(rs[i].src, flags))
+				; /* valid looking ref is ok */
+			else
 				goto invalid;
-			/*
-			 * RHS
-			 * - missing is ok, and is same as empty.
-			 * - empty is ok; it means not to store.
-			 * - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
-			 */
+			/* RHS */
 			if (!rs[i].dst)
-				; /* ok */
+				; /* missing is ok; it is the same as empty */
 			else if (!*rs[i].dst)
-				; /* ok */
-			else if (check_refname_format(rs[i].dst, flags))
+				; /* empty is ok; it means "do not store" */
+			else if (!check_refname_format(rs[i].dst, flags))
+				; /* valid looking ref is ok */
+			else
 				goto invalid;
 		} else {
 			/*
@@ -671,17 +682,21 @@ static int valid_remote_nick(const char *name)
 	return !strchr(name, '/'); /* no slash */
 }
 
-struct remote *remote_get(const char *name)
+static struct remote *remote_get_1(const char *name, const char *pushremote_name)
 {
 	struct remote *ret;
 	int name_given = 0;
 
-	read_config();
 	if (name)
 		name_given = 1;
 	else {
-		name = default_remote_name;
-		name_given = explicit_default_remote_name;
+		if (pushremote_name) {
+			name = pushremote_name;
+			name_given = 1;
+		} else {
+			name = default_remote_name;
+			name_given = explicit_default_remote_name;
+		}
 	}
 
 	ret = make_remote(name, 0);
@@ -700,6 +715,18 @@ struct remote *remote_get(const char *name)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+struct remote *remote_get(const char *name)
+{
+	read_config();
+	return remote_get_1(name, NULL);
+}
+
+struct remote *pushremote_get(const char *name)
+{
+	read_config();
+	return remote_get_1(name, pushremote_name);
+}
+
 int remote_is_configured(const char *name)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -1195,6 +1222,101 @@ static struct ref **tail_ref(struct ref **head)
 	return tail;
 }
 
+struct tips {
+	struct commit **tip;
+	int nr, alloc;
+};
+
+static void add_to_tips(struct tips *tips, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+		return;
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+	if (!commit || (commit->object.flags & TMP_MARK))
+		return;
+	commit->object.flags |= TMP_MARK;
+	ALLOC_GROW(tips->tip, tips->nr + 1, tips->alloc);
+	tips->tip[tips->nr++] = commit;
+}
+
+static void add_missing_tags(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst, struct ref ***dst_tail)
+{
+	struct string_list dst_tag = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct string_list src_tag = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct ref *ref;
+	struct tips sent_tips;
+
+	/*
+	 * Collect everything we know they would have at the end of
+	 * this push, and collect all tags they have.
+	 */
+	memset(&sent_tips, 0, sizeof(sent_tips));
+	for (ref = *dst; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (ref->peer_ref &&
+		    !is_null_sha1(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1))
+			add_to_tips(&sent_tips, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
+		else
+			add_to_tips(&sent_tips, ref->old_sha1);
+		if (!prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/"))
+			string_list_append(&dst_tag, ref->name);
+	}
+	clear_commit_marks_many(sent_tips.nr, sent_tips.tip, TMP_MARK);
+
+	sort_string_list(&dst_tag);
+
+	/* Collect tags they do not have. */
+	for (ref = src; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/"))
+			continue; /* not a tag */
+		if (string_list_has_string(&dst_tag, ref->name))
+			continue; /* they already have it */
+		if (sha1_object_info(ref->new_sha1, NULL) != OBJ_TAG)
+			continue; /* be conservative */
+		item = string_list_append(&src_tag, ref->name);
+		item->util = ref;
+	}
+	string_list_clear(&dst_tag, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * At this point, src_tag lists tags that are missing from
+	 * dst, and sent_tips lists the tips we are pushing or those
+	 * that we know they already have. An element in the src_tag
+	 * that is an ancestor of any of the sent_tips needs to be
+	 * sent to the other side.
+	 */
+	if (sent_tips.nr) {
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &src_tag) {
+			struct ref *ref = item->util;
+			struct ref *dst_ref;
+			struct commit *commit;
+
+			if (is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1))
+				continue;
+			commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->new_sha1, 1);
+			if (!commit)
+				/* not pushing a commit, which is not an error */
+				continue;
+
+			/*
+			 * Is this tag, which they do not have, reachable from
+			 * any of the commits we are sending?
+			 */
+			if (!in_merge_bases_many(commit, sent_tips.nr, sent_tips.tip))
+				continue;
+
+			/* Add it in */
+			dst_ref = make_linked_ref(ref->name, dst_tail);
+			hashcpy(dst_ref->new_sha1, ref->new_sha1);
+			dst_ref->peer_ref = copy_ref(ref);
+		}
+	}
+	string_list_clear(&src_tag, 0);
+	free(sent_tips.tip);
+}
+
 /*
  * Given the set of refs the local repository has, the set of refs the
  * remote repository has, and the refspec used for push, determine
@@ -1227,9 +1349,6 @@ int match_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
 		const struct refspec *pat = NULL;
 		char *dst_name;
 
-		if (ref->peer_ref)
-			continue;
-
 		dst_name = get_ref_match(rs, nr_refspec, ref, send_mirror, FROM_SRC, &pat);
 		if (!dst_name)
 			continue;
@@ -1257,6 +1376,10 @@ int match_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
 	free_name:
 		free(dst_name);
 	}
+
+	if (flags & MATCH_REFS_FOLLOW_TAGS)
+		add_missing_tags(src, dst, &dst_tail);
+
 	if (send_prune) {
 		/* check for missing refs on the remote */
 		for (ref = *dst; ref; ref = ref->next) {
@@ -1285,6 +1408,8 @@ void set_ref_status_for_push(struct ref *remote_refs, int send_mirror,
 	struct ref *ref;
 
 	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		int force_ref_update = ref->force || force_update;
+
 		if (ref->peer_ref)
 			hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
 		else if (!send_mirror)
@@ -1297,34 +1422,41 @@ void set_ref_status_for_push(struct ref *remote_refs, int send_mirror,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		/* This part determines what can overwrite what.
-		 * The rules are:
-		 *
-		 * (0) you can always use --force or +A:B notation to
-		 *     selectively force individual ref pairs.
+		/*
+		 * Decide whether an individual refspec A:B can be
+		 * pushed.  The push will succeed if any of the
+		 * following are true:
 		 *
-		 * (1) if the old thing does not exist, it is OK.
+		 * (1) the remote reference B does not exist
 		 *
-		 * (2) if you do not have the old thing, you are not allowed
-		 *     to overwrite it; you would not know what you are losing
-		 *     otherwise.
+		 * (2) the remote reference B is being removed (i.e.,
+		 *     pushing :B where no source is specified)
 		 *
-		 * (3) if both new and old are commit-ish, and new is a
-		 *     descendant of old, it is OK.
+		 * (3) the destination is not under refs/tags/, and
+		 *     if the old and new value is a commit, the new
+		 *     is a descendant of the old.
 		 *
-		 * (4) regardless of all of the above, removing :B is
-		 *     always allowed.
+		 * (4) it is forced using the +A:B notation, or by
+		 *     passing the --force argument
 		 */
 
-		ref->nonfastforward =
-			!ref->deletion &&
-			!is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
-			(!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1)
-			  || !ref_newer(ref->new_sha1, ref->old_sha1));
-
-		if (ref->nonfastforward && !ref->force && !force_update) {
-			ref->status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD;
-			continue;
+		if (!ref->deletion && !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
+			int why = 0; /* why would this push require --force? */
+
+			if (!prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/"))
+				why = REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+			else if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1))
+				why = REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST;
+			else if (!lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->old_sha1, 1) ||
+				 !lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->new_sha1, 1))
+				why = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE;
+			else if (!ref_newer(ref->new_sha1, ref->old_sha1))
+				why = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD;
+
+			if (!force_ref_update)
+				ref->status = why;
+			else if (why)
+				ref->forced_update = 1;
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1457,7 +1589,12 @@ int get_fetch_map(const struct ref *remote_refs,
 	} else {
 		const char *name = refspec->src[0] ? refspec->src : "HEAD";
 
-		ref_map = get_remote_ref(remote_refs, name);
+		if (refspec->exact_sha1) {
+			ref_map = alloc_ref(name);
+			get_sha1_hex(name, ref_map->old_sha1);
+		} else {
+			ref_map = get_remote_ref(remote_refs, name);
+		}
 		if (!missing_ok && !ref_map)
 			die("Couldn't find remote ref %s", name);
 		if (ref_map) {
@@ -1518,7 +1655,8 @@ int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1)
 	struct commit_list *list, *used;
 	int found = 0;
 
-	/* Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
+	/*
+	 * Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
 	 * old.  Otherwise we require --force.
 	 */
 	o = deref_tag(parse_object(old_sha1), NULL, 0);
diff --git a/remote.h b/remote.h
index 251d8fd..cf56724 100644
--- a/remote.h
+++ b/remote.h
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ struct remote {
 };
 
 struct remote *remote_get(const char *name);
+struct remote *pushremote_get(const char *name);
 int remote_is_configured(const char *name);
 
 typedef int each_remote_fn(struct remote *remote, void *priv);
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ struct refspec {
 	unsigned force : 1;
 	unsigned pattern : 1;
 	unsigned matching : 1;
+	unsigned exact_sha1 : 1;
 
 	char *src;
 	char *dst;
@@ -148,7 +150,8 @@ enum match_refs_flags {
 	MATCH_REFS_NONE		= 0,
 	MATCH_REFS_ALL 		= (1 << 0),
 	MATCH_REFS_MIRROR	= (1 << 1),
-	MATCH_REFS_PRUNE	= (1 << 2)
+	MATCH_REFS_PRUNE	= (1 << 2),
+	MATCH_REFS_FOLLOW_TAGS	= (1 << 3)
 };
 
 /* Reporting of tracking info */
diff --git a/rerere.c b/rerere.c
index a6a5cd5..98e3e29 100644
--- a/rerere.c
+++ b/rerere.c
@@ -284,8 +284,10 @@ static int rerere_mem_getline(struct strbuf *sb, struct rerere_io *io_)
 	strbuf_release(sb);
 	if (!io->input.len)
 		return -1;
-	ep = strchrnul(io->input.buf, '\n');
-	if (*ep == '\n')
+	ep = memchr(io->input.buf, '\n', io->input.len);
+	if (!ep)
+		ep = io->input.buf + io->input.len;
+	else if (*ep == '\n')
 		ep++;
 	len = ep - io->input.buf;
 	strbuf_add(sb, io->input.buf, len);
@@ -295,7 +297,7 @@ static int rerere_mem_getline(struct strbuf *sb, struct rerere_io *io_)
 
 static int handle_cache(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1, const char *output)
 {
-	mmfile_t mmfile[3];
+	mmfile_t mmfile[3] = {{NULL}};
 	mmbuffer_t result = {NULL, 0};
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 	int pos, len, i, hunk_no;
@@ -314,17 +316,16 @@ static int handle_cache(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1, const char *outpu
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long size;
+		int j;
 
-		mmfile[i].size = 0;
-		mmfile[i].ptr = NULL;
 		if (active_nr <= pos)
 			break;
 		ce = active_cache[pos++];
-		if (ce_namelen(ce) != len || memcmp(ce->name, path, len)
-		    || ce_stage(ce) != i + 1)
-			break;
-		mmfile[i].ptr = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, &size);
-		mmfile[i].size = size;
+		if (ce_namelen(ce) != len || memcmp(ce->name, path, len))
+			continue;
+		j = ce_stage(ce) - 1;
+		mmfile[j].ptr = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, &size);
+		mmfile[j].size = size;
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 		if (!mmfile[i].ptr && !mmfile[i].size)
diff --git a/resolve-undo.c b/resolve-undo.c
index 72b4612..639eb9c 100644
--- a/resolve-undo.c
+++ b/resolve-undo.c
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ int unmerge_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct resolve_undo_info *ru;
-	int i, err = 0;
+	int i, err = 0, matched;
 
 	if (!istate->resolve_undo)
 		return pos;
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ int unmerge_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
 	ru = item->util;
 	if (!ru)
 		return pos;
+	matched = ce->ce_flags & CE_MATCHED;
 	remove_index_entry_at(istate, pos);
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *nce;
@@ -144,6 +145,8 @@ int unmerge_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
 			continue;
 		nce = make_cache_entry(ru->mode[i], ru->sha1[i],
 				       ce->name, i + 1, 0);
+		if (matched)
+			nce->ce_flags |= CE_MATCHED;
 		if (add_index_entry(istate, nce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD)) {
 			err = 1;
 			error("cannot unmerge '%s'", ce->name);
@@ -156,6 +159,20 @@ int unmerge_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
 	return unmerge_index_entry_at(istate, pos);
 }
 
+void unmerge_marked_index(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!istate->resolve_undo)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_MATCHED)
+			i = unmerge_index_entry_at(istate, i);
+	}
+}
+
 void unmerge_index(struct index_state *istate, const char **pathspec)
 {
 	int i;
diff --git a/resolve-undo.h b/resolve-undo.h
index 8458769..7a30206 100644
--- a/resolve-undo.h
+++ b/resolve-undo.h
@@ -12,5 +12,6 @@ extern struct string_list *resolve_undo_read(const char *, unsigned long);
 extern void resolve_undo_clear_index(struct index_state *);
 extern int unmerge_index_entry_at(struct index_state *, int);
 extern void unmerge_index(struct index_state *, const char **);
+extern void unmerge_marked_index(struct index_state *);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/revision.c b/revision.c
index 59b26c7..a67b615 100644
--- a/revision.c
+++ b/revision.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "decorate.h"
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "mailmap.h"
 
 volatile show_early_output_fn_t show_early_output;
 
@@ -1275,7 +1276,8 @@ static void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs,
 			}
 			die("options not supported in --stdin mode");
 		}
-		if (handle_revision_arg(sb.buf, revs, 0, REVARG_CANNOT_BE_FILENAME))
+		if (handle_revision_arg(xstrdup(sb.buf), revs, 0,
+					REVARG_CANNOT_BE_FILENAME))
 			die("bad revision '%s'", sb.buf);
 	}
 	if (seen_dashdash)
@@ -2021,10 +2023,11 @@ static struct commit_list **simplify_one(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *c
 		if (revs->first_parent_only)
 			break;
 	}
-	if (!revs->first_parent_only)
-		cnt = remove_duplicate_parents(commit);
-	else
+
+	if (revs->first_parent_only)
 		cnt = 1;
+	else
+		cnt = remove_duplicate_parents(commit);
 
 	/*
 	 * It is possible that we are a merge and one side branch
@@ -2219,10 +2222,58 @@ static int rewrite_parents(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int commit_rewrite_person(struct strbuf *buf, const char *what, struct string_list *mailmap)
+{
+	char *person, *endp;
+	size_t len, namelen, maillen;
+	const char *name;
+	const char *mail;
+	struct ident_split ident;
+
+	person = strstr(buf->buf, what);
+	if (!person)
+		return 0;
+
+	person += strlen(what);
+	endp = strchr(person, '\n');
+	if (!endp)
+		return 0;
+
+	len = endp - person;
+
+	if (split_ident_line(&ident, person, len))
+		return 0;
+
+	mail = ident.mail_begin;
+	maillen = ident.mail_end - ident.mail_begin;
+	name = ident.name_begin;
+	namelen = ident.name_end - ident.name_begin;
+
+	if (map_user(mailmap, &mail, &maillen, &name, &namelen)) {
+		struct strbuf namemail = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		strbuf_addf(&namemail, "%.*s <%.*s>",
+			    (int)namelen, name, (int)maillen, mail);
+
+		strbuf_splice(buf, ident.name_begin - buf->buf,
+			      ident.mail_end - ident.name_begin + 1,
+			      namemail.buf, namemail.len);
+
+		strbuf_release(&namemail);
+
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int commit_match(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *opt)
 {
 	int retval;
+	const char *encoding;
+	char *message;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
 	if (!opt->grep_filter.pattern_list && !opt->grep_filter.header_list)
 		return 1;
 
@@ -2233,25 +2284,43 @@ static int commit_match(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *opt)
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * We grep in the user's output encoding, under the assumption that it
+	 * is the encoding they are most likely to write their grep pattern
+	 * for. In addition, it means we will match the "notes" encoding below,
+	 * so we will not end up with a buffer that has two different encodings
+	 * in it.
+	 */
+	encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
+	message = logmsg_reencode(commit, NULL, encoding);
+
 	/* Copy the commit to temporary if we are using "fake" headers */
 	if (buf.len)
-		strbuf_addstr(&buf, commit->buffer);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, message);
+
+	if (opt->grep_filter.header_list && opt->mailmap) {
+		if (!buf.len)
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, message);
+
+		commit_rewrite_person(&buf, "\nauthor ", opt->mailmap);
+		commit_rewrite_person(&buf, "\ncommitter ", opt->mailmap);
+	}
 
 	/* Append "fake" message parts as needed */
 	if (opt->show_notes) {
 		if (!buf.len)
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, commit->buffer);
-		format_display_notes(commit->object.sha1, &buf,
-				     get_log_output_encoding(), 1);
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, message);
+		format_display_notes(commit->object.sha1, &buf, encoding, 1);
 	}
 
-	/* Find either in the commit object, or in the temporary */
+	/* Find either in the original commit message, or in the temporary */
 	if (buf.len)
 		retval = grep_buffer(&opt->grep_filter, buf.buf, buf.len);
 	else
 		retval = grep_buffer(&opt->grep_filter,
-				     commit->buffer, strlen(commit->buffer));
+				     message, strlen(message));
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	logmsg_free(message, commit);
 	return retval;
 }
 
diff --git a/revision.h b/revision.h
index 059bfff..01bd2b7 100644
--- a/revision.h
+++ b/revision.h
@@ -135,14 +135,16 @@ struct rev_info {
 	const char	*mime_boundary;
 	const char	*patch_suffix;
 	int		numbered_files;
+	int		reroll_count;
 	char		*message_id;
 	struct string_list *ref_message_ids;
-	const char	*add_signoff;
+	int		add_signoff;
 	const char	*extra_headers;
 	const char	*log_reencode;
 	const char	*subject_prefix;
 	int		no_inline;
 	int		show_log_size;
+	struct string_list *mailmap;
 
 	/* Filter by commit log message */
 	struct grep_opt	grep_filter;
diff --git a/run-command.c b/run-command.c
index 0471219..1b32a12 100644
--- a/run-command.c
+++ b/run-command.c
@@ -273,7 +273,8 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
 	int need_in, need_out, need_err;
 	int fdin[2], fdout[2], fderr[2];
-	int failed_errno = failed_errno;
+	int failed_errno;
+	char *str;
 
 	/*
 	 * In case of errors we must keep the promise to close FDs
@@ -286,6 +287,7 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 			failed_errno = errno;
 			if (cmd->out > 0)
 				close(cmd->out);
+			str = "standard input";
 			goto fail_pipe;
 		}
 		cmd->in = fdin[1];
@@ -301,6 +303,7 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 				close_pair(fdin);
 			else if (cmd->in)
 				close(cmd->in);
+			str = "standard output";
 			goto fail_pipe;
 		}
 		cmd->out = fdout[0];
@@ -318,9 +321,10 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 				close_pair(fdout);
 			else if (cmd->out)
 				close(cmd->out);
+			str = "standard error";
 fail_pipe:
-			error("cannot create pipe for %s: %s",
-				cmd->argv[0], strerror(failed_errno));
+			error("cannot create %s pipe for %s: %s",
+				str, cmd->argv[0], strerror(failed_errno));
 			errno = failed_errno;
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -337,6 +341,7 @@ fail_pipe:
 		notify_pipe[0] = notify_pipe[1] = -1;
 
 	cmd->pid = fork();
+	failed_errno = errno;
 	if (!cmd->pid) {
 		/*
 		 * Redirect the channel to write syscall error messages to
@@ -416,7 +421,7 @@ fail_pipe:
 	}
 	if (cmd->pid < 0)
 		error("cannot fork() for %s: %s", cmd->argv[0],
-			strerror(failed_errno = errno));
+			strerror(errno));
 	else if (cmd->clean_on_exit)
 		mark_child_for_cleanup(cmd->pid);
 
@@ -583,6 +588,7 @@ int run_command_v_opt_cd_env(const char **argv, int opt, const char *dir, const
 static pthread_t main_thread;
 static int main_thread_set;
 static pthread_key_t async_key;
+static pthread_key_t async_die_counter;
 
 static void *run_thread(void *data)
 {
@@ -609,6 +615,14 @@ static NORETURN void die_async(const char *err, va_list params)
 
 	exit(128);
 }
+
+static int async_die_is_recursing(void)
+{
+	void *ret = pthread_getspecific(async_die_counter);
+	pthread_setspecific(async_die_counter, (void *)1);
+	return ret != NULL;
+}
+
 #endif
 
 int start_async(struct async *async)
@@ -690,7 +704,9 @@ int start_async(struct async *async)
 		main_thread_set = 1;
 		main_thread = pthread_self();
 		pthread_key_create(&async_key, NULL);
+		pthread_key_create(&async_die_counter, NULL);
 		set_die_routine(die_async);
+		set_die_is_recursing_routine(async_die_is_recursing);
 	}
 
 	if (proc_in >= 0)
@@ -735,6 +751,15 @@ int finish_async(struct async *async)
 #endif
 }
 
+char *find_hook(const char *name)
+{
+	char *path = git_path("hooks/%s", name);
+	if (access(path, X_OK) < 0)
+		path = NULL;
+
+	return path;
+}
+
 int run_hook(const char *index_file, const char *name, ...)
 {
 	struct child_process hook;
@@ -744,11 +769,13 @@ int run_hook(const char *index_file, const char *name, ...)
 	va_list args;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (access(git_path("hooks/%s", name), X_OK) < 0)
+	p = find_hook(name);
+	if (!p)
 		return 0;
 
+	argv_array_push(&argv, p);
+
 	va_start(args, name);
-	argv_array_push(&argv, git_path("hooks/%s", name));
 	while ((p = va_arg(args, const char *)))
 		argv_array_push(&argv, p);
 	va_end(args);
diff --git a/run-command.h b/run-command.h
index 850c638..221ce33 100644
--- a/run-command.h
+++ b/run-command.h
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *);
 int finish_command(struct child_process *);
 int run_command(struct child_process *);
 
+extern char *find_hook(const char *name);
 extern int run_hook(const char *index_file, const char *name, ...);
 
 #define RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN 1
diff --git a/send-pack.c b/send-pack.c
index f50dfd9..7d172ef 100644
--- a/send-pack.c
+++ b/send-pack.c
@@ -106,15 +106,11 @@ static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct extra_have_objects *ext
 static int receive_status(int in, struct ref *refs)
 {
 	struct ref *hint;
-	char line[1000];
 	int ret = 0;
-	int len = packet_read_line(in, line, sizeof(line));
-	if (len < 10 || memcmp(line, "unpack ", 7))
+	char *line = packet_read_line(in, NULL);
+	if (prefixcmp(line, "unpack "))
 		return error("did not receive remote status");
-	if (memcmp(line, "unpack ok\n", 10)) {
-		char *p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
-		if (*p == '\n')
-			*p = '\0';
+	if (strcmp(line, "unpack ok")) {
 		error("unpack failed: %s", line + 7);
 		ret = -1;
 	}
@@ -122,17 +118,15 @@ static int receive_status(int in, struct ref *refs)
 	while (1) {
 		char *refname;
 		char *msg;
-		len = packet_read_line(in, line, sizeof(line));
-		if (!len)
+		line = packet_read_line(in, NULL);
+		if (!line)
 			break;
-		if (len < 3 ||
-		    (memcmp(line, "ok ", 3) && memcmp(line, "ng ", 3))) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "protocol error: %s\n", line);
+		if (prefixcmp(line, "ok ") && prefixcmp(line, "ng ")) {
+			error("invalid ref status from remote: %s", line);
 			ret = -1;
 			break;
 		}
 
-		line[strlen(line)-1] = '\0';
 		refname = line + 3;
 		msg = strchr(refname, ' ');
 		if (msg)
@@ -229,6 +223,9 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 		/* Check for statuses set by set_ref_status_for_push() */
 		switch (ref->status) {
 		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS:
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST:
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE:
 		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
 			continue;
 		default:
@@ -278,7 +275,7 @@ int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
 			send_sideband(out, -1, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
 		}
 	} else {
-		safe_write(out, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len);
+		write_or_die(out, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len);
 		packet_flush(out);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&req_buf);
diff --git a/sequencer.c b/sequencer.c
index aef5e8a..ab6f8a7 100644
--- a/sequencer.c
+++ b/sequencer.c
@@ -18,6 +18,89 @@
 #define GIT_REFLOG_ACTION "GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
 
 const char sign_off_header[] = "Signed-off-by: ";
+static const char cherry_picked_prefix[] = "(cherry picked from commit ";
+
+static int is_rfc2822_line(const char *buf, int len)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		int ch = buf[i];
+		if (ch == ':')
+			return 1;
+		if (!isalnum(ch) && ch != '-')
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int is_cherry_picked_from_line(const char *buf, int len)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We only care that it looks roughly like (cherry picked from ...)
+	 */
+	return len > strlen(cherry_picked_prefix) + 1 &&
+		!prefixcmp(buf, cherry_picked_prefix) && buf[len - 1] == ')';
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 0 for non-conforming footer
+ * Returns 1 for conforming footer
+ * Returns 2 when sob exists within conforming footer
+ * Returns 3 when sob exists within conforming footer as last entry
+ */
+static int has_conforming_footer(struct strbuf *sb, struct strbuf *sob,
+	int ignore_footer)
+{
+	char prev;
+	int i, k;
+	int len = sb->len - ignore_footer;
+	const char *buf = sb->buf;
+	int found_sob = 0;
+
+	/* footer must end with newline */
+	if (!len || buf[len - 1] != '\n')
+		return 0;
+
+	prev = '\0';
+	for (i = len - 1; i > 0; i--) {
+		char ch = buf[i];
+		if (prev == '\n' && ch == '\n') /* paragraph break */
+			break;
+		prev = ch;
+	}
+
+	/* require at least one blank line */
+	if (prev != '\n' || buf[i] != '\n')
+		return 0;
+
+	/* advance to start of last paragraph */
+	while (i < len - 1 && buf[i] == '\n')
+		i++;
+
+	for (; i < len; i = k) {
+		int found_rfc2822;
+
+		for (k = i; k < len && buf[k] != '\n'; k++)
+			; /* do nothing */
+		k++;
+
+		found_rfc2822 = is_rfc2822_line(buf + i, k - i - 1);
+		if (found_rfc2822 && sob &&
+		    !strncmp(buf + i, sob->buf, sob->len))
+			found_sob = k;
+
+		if (!(found_rfc2822 ||
+		      is_cherry_picked_from_line(buf + i, k - i - 1)))
+			return 0;
+	}
+	if (found_sob == i)
+		return 3;
+	if (found_sob)
+		return 2;
+	return 1;
+}
 
 static void remove_sequencer_state(void)
 {
@@ -133,7 +216,7 @@ static void print_advice(int show_hint, struct replay_opts *opts)
 	if (msg) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
 		/*
-		 * A conflict has occured but the porcelain
+		 * A conflict has occurred but the porcelain
 		 * (typically rebase --interactive) wants to take care
 		 * of the commit itself so remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
 		 */
@@ -237,7 +320,7 @@ static int do_recursive_merge(struct commit *base, struct commit *next,
 	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
 
 	if (opts->signoff)
-		append_signoff(msgbuf, 0);
+		append_signoff(msgbuf, 0, 0);
 
 	if (!clean) {
 		int i;
@@ -496,7 +579,9 @@ static int do_pick_commit(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
 		}
 
 		if (opts->record_origin) {
-			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "(cherry picked from commit ");
+			if (!has_conforming_footer(&msgbuf, NULL, 0))
+				strbuf_addch(&msgbuf, '\n');
+			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, cherry_picked_prefix);
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ")\n");
 		}
@@ -962,6 +1047,7 @@ int sequencer_pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
 	struct commit_list *todo_list = NULL;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int i;
 
 	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_NONE)
 		assert(opts->revs);
@@ -982,6 +1068,23 @@ int sequencer_pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts)
 	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_CONTINUE)
 		return sequencer_continue(opts);
 
+	for (i = 0; i < opts->revs->pending.nr; i++) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		const char *name = opts->revs->pending.objects[i].name;
+
+		/* This happens when using --stdin. */
+		if (!strlen(name))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!get_sha1(name, sha1)) {
+			if (!lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1)) {
+				enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+				die(_("%s: can't cherry-pick a %s"), name, typename(type));
+			}
+		} else
+			die(_("%s: bad revision"), name);
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * If we were called as "git cherry-pick <commit>", just
 	 * cherry-pick/revert it, set CHERRY_PICK_HEAD /
@@ -1021,62 +1124,67 @@ int sequencer_pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts)
 	return pick_commits(todo_list, opts);
 }
 
-static int ends_rfc2822_footer(struct strbuf *sb, int ignore_footer)
-{
-	int ch;
-	int hit = 0;
-	int i, j, k;
-	int len = sb->len - ignore_footer;
-	int first = 1;
-	const char *buf = sb->buf;
-
-	for (i = len - 1; i > 0; i--) {
-		if (hit && buf[i] == '\n')
-			break;
-		hit = (buf[i] == '\n');
-	}
-
-	while (i < len - 1 && buf[i] == '\n')
-		i++;
-
-	for (; i < len; i = k) {
-		for (k = i; k < len && buf[k] != '\n'; k++)
-			; /* do nothing */
-		k++;
-
-		if ((buf[k] == ' ' || buf[k] == '\t') && !first)
-			continue;
-
-		first = 0;
-
-		for (j = 0; i + j < len; j++) {
-			ch = buf[i + j];
-			if (ch == ':')
-				break;
-			if (isalnum(ch) ||
-			    (ch == '-'))
-				continue;
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	return 1;
-}
-
-void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer)
+void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer, unsigned flag)
 {
+	unsigned no_dup_sob = flag & APPEND_SIGNOFF_DEDUP;
 	struct strbuf sob = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int i;
+	int has_footer;
 
 	strbuf_addstr(&sob, sign_off_header);
 	strbuf_addstr(&sob, fmt_name(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
 				getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL")));
 	strbuf_addch(&sob, '\n');
-	for (i = msgbuf->len - 1 - ignore_footer; i > 0 && msgbuf->buf[i - 1] != '\n'; i--)
-		; /* do nothing */
-	if (prefixcmp(msgbuf->buf + i, sob.buf)) {
-		if (!i || !ends_rfc2822_footer(msgbuf, ignore_footer))
-			strbuf_splice(msgbuf, msgbuf->len - ignore_footer, 0, "\n", 1);
-		strbuf_splice(msgbuf, msgbuf->len - ignore_footer, 0, sob.buf, sob.len);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the whole message buffer is equal to the sob, pretend that we
+	 * found a conforming footer with a matching sob
+	 */
+	if (msgbuf->len - ignore_footer == sob.len &&
+	    !strncmp(msgbuf->buf, sob.buf, sob.len))
+		has_footer = 3;
+	else
+		has_footer = has_conforming_footer(msgbuf, &sob, ignore_footer);
+
+	if (!has_footer) {
+		const char *append_newlines = NULL;
+		size_t len = msgbuf->len - ignore_footer;
+
+		if (!len) {
+			/*
+			 * The buffer is completely empty.  Leave foom for
+			 * the title and body to be filled in by the user.
+			 */
+			append_newlines = "\n\n";
+		} else if (msgbuf->buf[len - 1] != '\n') {
+			/*
+			 * Incomplete line.  Complete the line and add a
+			 * blank one so that there is an empty line between
+			 * the message body and the sob.
+			 */
+			append_newlines = "\n\n";
+		} else if (len == 1) {
+			/*
+			 * Buffer contains a single newline.  Add another
+			 * so that we leave room for the title and body.
+			 */
+			append_newlines = "\n";
+		} else if (msgbuf->buf[len - 2] != '\n') {
+			/*
+			 * Buffer ends with a single newline.  Add another
+			 * so that there is an empty line between the message
+			 * body and the sob.
+			 */
+			append_newlines = "\n";
+		} /* else, the buffer already ends with two newlines. */
+
+		if (append_newlines)
+			strbuf_splice(msgbuf, msgbuf->len - ignore_footer, 0,
+				append_newlines, strlen(append_newlines));
 	}
+
+	if (has_footer != 3 && (!no_dup_sob || has_footer != 2))
+		strbuf_splice(msgbuf, msgbuf->len - ignore_footer, 0,
+				sob.buf, sob.len);
+
 	strbuf_release(&sob);
 }
diff --git a/sequencer.h b/sequencer.h
index 9d57d57..1fc22dc 100644
--- a/sequencer.h
+++ b/sequencer.h
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 #define SEQ_TODO_FILE	"sequencer/todo"
 #define SEQ_OPTS_FILE	"sequencer/opts"
 
+#define APPEND_SIGNOFF_DEDUP (1u << 0)
+
 enum replay_action {
 	REPLAY_REVERT,
 	REPLAY_PICK
@@ -48,6 +50,6 @@ int sequencer_pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts);
 
 extern const char sign_off_header[];
 
-void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer);
+void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer, unsigned flag);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/setup.c b/setup.c
index 1b12017..94c1e61 100644
--- a/setup.c
+++ b/setup.c
@@ -66,7 +66,14 @@ int check_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
 	const char *name;
 	struct stat st;
 
-	name = prefix ? prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), arg) : arg;
+	if (!prefixcmp(arg, ":/")) {
+		if (arg[2] == '\0') /* ":/" is root dir, always exists */
+			return 1;
+		name = arg + 2;
+	} else if (prefix)
+		name = prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), arg);
+	else
+		name = arg;
 	if (!lstat(name, &st))
 		return 1; /* file exists */
 	if (errno == ENOENT || errno == ENOTDIR)
@@ -200,10 +207,11 @@ static const char *prefix_pathspec(const char *prefix, int prefixlen, const char
 		     *copyfrom && *copyfrom != ')';
 		     copyfrom = nextat) {
 			size_t len = strcspn(copyfrom, ",)");
-			if (copyfrom[len] == ')')
-				nextat = copyfrom + len;
-			else
+			if (copyfrom[len] == ',')
 				nextat = copyfrom + len + 1;
+			else
+				/* handle ')' and '\0' */
+				nextat = copyfrom + len;
 			if (!len)
 				continue;
 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pathspec_magic); i++)
@@ -216,8 +224,9 @@ static const char *prefix_pathspec(const char *prefix, int prefixlen, const char
 				die("Invalid pathspec magic '%.*s' in '%s'",
 				    (int) len, copyfrom, elt);
 		}
-		if (*copyfrom == ')')
-			copyfrom++;
+		if (*copyfrom != ')')
+			die("Missing ')' at the end of pathspec magic in '%s'", elt);
+		copyfrom++;
 	} else {
 		/* shorthand */
 		for (copyfrom = elt + 1;
@@ -246,6 +255,25 @@ static const char *prefix_pathspec(const char *prefix, int prefixlen, const char
 		return prefix_path(prefix, prefixlen, copyfrom);
 }
 
+/*
+ * N.B. get_pathspec() is deprecated in favor of the "struct pathspec"
+ * based interface - see pathspec_magic above.
+ *
+ * Arguments:
+ *  - prefix - a path relative to the root of the working tree
+ *  - pathspec - a list of paths underneath the prefix path
+ *
+ * Iterates over pathspec, prepending each path with prefix,
+ * and return the resulting list.
+ *
+ * If pathspec is empty, return a singleton list containing prefix.
+ *
+ * If pathspec and prefix are both empty, return an empty list.
+ *
+ * This is typically used by built-in commands such as add.c, in order
+ * to normalize argv arguments provided to the built-in into a list of
+ * paths to process, all relative to the root of the working tree.
+ */
 const char **get_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec)
 {
 	const char *entry = *pathspec;
@@ -497,6 +525,12 @@ static const char *setup_explicit_git_dir(const char *gitdirenv,
 			set_git_work_tree(core_worktree);
 		}
 	}
+	else if (!git_env_bool(GIT_IMPLICIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, 1)) {
+		/* #16d */
+		set_git_dir(gitdirenv);
+		free(gitfile);
+		return NULL;
+	}
 	else /* #2, #10 */
 		set_git_work_tree(".");
 
@@ -575,6 +609,8 @@ static const char *setup_bare_git_dir(char *cwd, int offset, int len, int *nongi
 	if (check_repository_format_gently(".", nongit_ok))
 		return NULL;
 
+	setenv(GIT_IMPLICIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, "0", 1);
+
 	/* --work-tree is set without --git-dir; use discovered one */
 	if (getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT) || git_work_tree_cfg) {
 		const char *gitdir;
@@ -768,9 +804,9 @@ const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *nongit_ok)
 
 	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently_1(nongit_ok);
 	if (prefix)
-		setenv("GIT_PREFIX", prefix, 1);
+		setenv(GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT, prefix, 1);
 	else
-		setenv("GIT_PREFIX", "", 1);
+		setenv(GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT, "", 1);
 
 	if (startup_info) {
 		startup_info->have_repository = !nongit_ok || !*nongit_ok;
diff --git a/sha1_file.c b/sha1_file.c
index 40b2329..67e815b 100644
--- a/sha1_file.c
+++ b/sha1_file.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "sha1-lookup.h"
 #include "bulk-checkin.h"
 #include "streaming.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
 #ifndef O_NOATIME
 #if defined(__linux__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__PPC__))
@@ -123,8 +124,13 @@ int safe_create_leading_directories(char *path)
 			}
 		}
 		else if (mkdir(path, 0777)) {
-			*pos = '/';
-			return -1;
+			if (errno == EEXIST &&
+			    !stat(path, &st) && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+				; /* somebody created it since we checked */
+			} else {
+				*pos = '/';
+				return -1;
+			}
 		}
 		else if (adjust_shared_perm(path)) {
 			*pos = '/';
@@ -1000,6 +1006,63 @@ void install_packed_git(struct packed_git *pack)
 	packed_git = pack;
 }
 
+void (*report_garbage)(const char *desc, const char *path);
+
+static void report_helper(const struct string_list *list,
+			  int seen_bits, int first, int last)
+{
+	const char *msg;
+	switch (seen_bits) {
+	case 0:
+		msg = "no corresponding .idx nor .pack";
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		msg = "no corresponding .idx";
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		msg = "no corresponding .pack";
+		break;
+	default:
+		return;
+	}
+	for (; first < last; first++)
+		report_garbage(msg, list->items[first].string);
+}
+
+static void report_pack_garbage(struct string_list *list)
+{
+	int i, baselen = -1, first = 0, seen_bits = 0;
+
+	if (!report_garbage)
+		return;
+
+	sort_string_list(list);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
+		const char *path = list->items[i].string;
+		if (baselen != -1 &&
+		    strncmp(path, list->items[first].string, baselen)) {
+			report_helper(list, seen_bits, first, i);
+			baselen = -1;
+			seen_bits = 0;
+		}
+		if (baselen == -1) {
+			const char *dot = strrchr(path, '.');
+			if (!dot) {
+				report_garbage("garbage found", path);
+				continue;
+			}
+			baselen = dot - path + 1;
+			first = i;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(path + baselen, "pack"))
+			seen_bits |= 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(path + baselen, "idx"))
+			seen_bits |= 2;
+	}
+	report_helper(list, seen_bits, first, list->nr);
+}
+
 static void prepare_packed_git_one(char *objdir, int local)
 {
 	/* Ensure that this buffer is large enough so that we can
@@ -1009,6 +1072,7 @@ static void prepare_packed_git_one(char *objdir, int local)
 	int len;
 	DIR *dir;
 	struct dirent *de;
+	struct string_list garbage = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
 	sprintf(path, "%s/pack", objdir);
 	len = strlen(path);
@@ -1024,29 +1088,49 @@ static void prepare_packed_git_one(char *objdir, int local)
 		int namelen = strlen(de->d_name);
 		struct packed_git *p;
 
-		if (!has_extension(de->d_name, ".idx"))
+		if (len + namelen + 1 > sizeof(path)) {
+			if (report_garbage) {
+				struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+				strbuf_addf(&sb, "%.*s/%s", len - 1, path, de->d_name);
+				report_garbage("path too long", sb.buf);
+				strbuf_release(&sb);
+			}
 			continue;
+		}
 
-		if (len + namelen + 1 > sizeof(path))
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
 			continue;
 
-		/* Don't reopen a pack we already have. */
 		strcpy(path + len, de->d_name);
-		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-			if (!memcmp(path, p->pack_name, len + namelen - 4))
-				break;
+
+		if (has_extension(de->d_name, ".idx")) {
+			/* Don't reopen a pack we already have. */
+			for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+				if (!memcmp(path, p->pack_name, len + namelen - 4))
+					break;
+			}
+			if (p == NULL &&
+			    /*
+			     * See if it really is a valid .idx file with
+			     * corresponding .pack file that we can map.
+			     */
+			    (p = add_packed_git(path, len + namelen, local)) != NULL)
+				install_packed_git(p);
 		}
-		if (p)
-			continue;
-		/* See if it really is a valid .idx file with corresponding
-		 * .pack file that we can map.
-		 */
-		p = add_packed_git(path, len + namelen, local);
-		if (!p)
+
+		if (!report_garbage)
 			continue;
-		install_packed_git(p);
+
+		if (has_extension(de->d_name, ".idx") ||
+		    has_extension(de->d_name, ".pack") ||
+		    has_extension(de->d_name, ".keep"))
+			string_list_append(&garbage, path);
+		else
+			report_garbage("garbage found", path);
 	}
 	closedir(dir);
+	report_pack_garbage(&garbage);
+	string_list_clear(&garbage, 0);
 }
 
 static int sort_pack(const void *a_, const void *b_)
@@ -1187,6 +1271,10 @@ int check_sha1_signature(const unsigned char *sha1, void *map,
 		char buf[1024 * 16];
 		ssize_t readlen = read_istream(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
 
+		if (readlen < 0) {
+			close_istream(st);
+			return -1;
+		}
 		if (!readlen)
 			break;
 		git_SHA1_Update(&c, buf, readlen);
@@ -1560,50 +1648,6 @@ static off_t get_delta_base(struct packed_git *p,
 	return base_offset;
 }
 
-/* forward declaration for a mutually recursive function */
-static int packed_object_info(struct packed_git *p, off_t offset,
-			      unsigned long *sizep, int *rtype);
-
-static int packed_delta_info(struct packed_git *p,
-			     struct pack_window **w_curs,
-			     off_t curpos,
-			     enum object_type type,
-			     off_t obj_offset,
-			     unsigned long *sizep)
-{
-	off_t base_offset;
-
-	base_offset = get_delta_base(p, w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
-	if (!base_offset)
-		return OBJ_BAD;
-	type = packed_object_info(p, base_offset, NULL, NULL);
-	if (type <= OBJ_NONE) {
-		struct revindex_entry *revidx;
-		const unsigned char *base_sha1;
-		revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, base_offset);
-		if (!revidx)
-			return OBJ_BAD;
-		base_sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
-		mark_bad_packed_object(p, base_sha1);
-		type = sha1_object_info(base_sha1, NULL);
-		if (type <= OBJ_NONE)
-			return OBJ_BAD;
-	}
-
-	/* We choose to only get the type of the base object and
-	 * ignore potentially corrupt pack file that expects the delta
-	 * based on a base with a wrong size.  This saves tons of
-	 * inflate() calls.
-	 */
-	if (sizep) {
-		*sizep = get_size_from_delta(p, w_curs, curpos);
-		if (*sizep == 0)
-			type = OBJ_BAD;
-	}
-
-	return type;
-}
-
 int unpack_object_header(struct packed_git *p,
 			 struct pack_window **w_curs,
 			 off_t *curpos,
@@ -1630,6 +1674,25 @@ int unpack_object_header(struct packed_git *p,
 	return type;
 }
 
+static int retry_bad_packed_offset(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset)
+{
+	int type;
+	struct revindex_entry *revidx;
+	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
+	if (!revidx)
+		return OBJ_BAD;
+	sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
+	mark_bad_packed_object(p, sha1);
+	type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	if (type <= OBJ_NONE)
+		return OBJ_BAD;
+	return type;
+}
+
+
+#define POI_STACK_PREALLOC 64
+
 static int packed_object_info(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset,
 			      unsigned long *sizep, int *rtype)
 {
@@ -1637,31 +1700,89 @@ static int packed_object_info(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset,
 	unsigned long size;
 	off_t curpos = obj_offset;
 	enum object_type type;
+	off_t small_poi_stack[POI_STACK_PREALLOC];
+	off_t *poi_stack = small_poi_stack;
+	int poi_stack_nr = 0, poi_stack_alloc = POI_STACK_PREALLOC;
 
 	type = unpack_object_header(p, &w_curs, &curpos, &size);
+
 	if (rtype)
 		*rtype = type; /* representation type */
 
+	if (sizep) {
+		if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA || type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+			off_t tmp_pos = curpos;
+			off_t base_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &tmp_pos,
+							   type, obj_offset);
+			if (!base_offset) {
+				type = OBJ_BAD;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			*sizep = get_size_from_delta(p, &w_curs, tmp_pos);
+			if (*sizep == 0) {
+				type = OBJ_BAD;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		} else {
+			*sizep = size;
+		}
+	}
+
+	while (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA || type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+		off_t base_offset;
+		/* Push the object we're going to leave behind */
+		if (poi_stack_nr >= poi_stack_alloc && poi_stack == small_poi_stack) {
+			poi_stack_alloc = alloc_nr(poi_stack_nr);
+			poi_stack = xmalloc(sizeof(off_t)*poi_stack_alloc);
+			memcpy(poi_stack, small_poi_stack, sizeof(off_t)*poi_stack_nr);
+		} else {
+			ALLOC_GROW(poi_stack, poi_stack_nr+1, poi_stack_alloc);
+		}
+		poi_stack[poi_stack_nr++] = obj_offset;
+		/* If parsing the base offset fails, just unwind */
+		base_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
+		if (!base_offset)
+			goto unwind;
+		curpos = obj_offset = base_offset;
+		type = unpack_object_header(p, &w_curs, &curpos, &size);
+		if (type <= OBJ_NONE) {
+			/* If getting the base itself fails, we first
+			 * retry the base, otherwise unwind */
+			type = retry_bad_packed_offset(p, base_offset);
+			if (type > OBJ_NONE)
+				goto out;
+			goto unwind;
+		}
+	}
+
 	switch (type) {
-	case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
-	case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
-		type = packed_delta_info(p, &w_curs, curpos,
-					 type, obj_offset, sizep);
-		break;
+	case OBJ_BAD:
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
 	case OBJ_TREE:
 	case OBJ_BLOB:
 	case OBJ_TAG:
-		if (sizep)
-			*sizep = size;
 		break;
 	default:
 		error("unknown object type %i at offset %"PRIuMAX" in %s",
 		      type, (uintmax_t)obj_offset, p->pack_name);
 		type = OBJ_BAD;
 	}
+
+out:
+	if (poi_stack != small_poi_stack)
+		free(poi_stack);
 	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 	return type;
+
+unwind:
+	while (poi_stack_nr) {
+		obj_offset = poi_stack[--poi_stack_nr];
+		type = retry_bad_packed_offset(p, obj_offset);
+		if (type > OBJ_NONE)
+			goto out;
+	}
+	type = OBJ_BAD;
+	goto out;
 }
 
 static void *unpack_compressed_entry(struct packed_git *p,
@@ -1723,32 +1844,51 @@ static unsigned long pack_entry_hash(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
 	return hash % MAX_DELTA_CACHE;
 }
 
-static int in_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
+static struct delta_base_cache_entry *
+get_delta_base_cache_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
 {
 	unsigned long hash = pack_entry_hash(p, base_offset);
-	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent = delta_base_cache + hash;
+	return delta_base_cache + hash;
+}
+
+static int eq_delta_base_cache_entry(struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent,
+				     struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
+{
 	return (ent->data && ent->p == p && ent->base_offset == base_offset);
 }
 
+static int in_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset)
+{
+	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent;
+	ent = get_delta_base_cache_entry(p, base_offset);
+	return eq_delta_base_cache_entry(ent, p, base_offset);
+}
+
+static void clear_delta_base_cache_entry(struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent)
+{
+	ent->data = NULL;
+	ent->lru.next->prev = ent->lru.prev;
+	ent->lru.prev->next = ent->lru.next;
+	delta_base_cached -= ent->size;
+}
+
 static void *cache_or_unpack_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
 	unsigned long *base_size, enum object_type *type, int keep_cache)
 {
+	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent;
 	void *ret;
-	unsigned long hash = pack_entry_hash(p, base_offset);
-	struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent = delta_base_cache + hash;
 
-	ret = ent->data;
-	if (!ret || ent->p != p || ent->base_offset != base_offset)
+	ent = get_delta_base_cache_entry(p, base_offset);
+
+	if (!eq_delta_base_cache_entry(ent, p, base_offset))
 		return unpack_entry(p, base_offset, type, base_size);
 
-	if (!keep_cache) {
-		ent->data = NULL;
-		ent->lru.next->prev = ent->lru.prev;
-		ent->lru.prev->next = ent->lru.next;
-		delta_base_cached -= ent->size;
-	} else {
+	ret = ent->data;
+
+	if (!keep_cache)
+		clear_delta_base_cache_entry(ent);
+	else
 		ret = xmemdupz(ent->data, ent->size);
-	}
 	*type = ent->type;
 	*base_size = ent->size;
 	return ret;
@@ -1812,68 +1952,6 @@ static void add_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
 static void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
 			 unsigned long *size);
 
-static void *unpack_delta_entry(struct packed_git *p,
-				struct pack_window **w_curs,
-				off_t curpos,
-				unsigned long delta_size,
-				off_t obj_offset,
-				enum object_type *type,
-				unsigned long *sizep)
-{
-	void *delta_data, *result, *base;
-	unsigned long base_size;
-	off_t base_offset;
-
-	base_offset = get_delta_base(p, w_curs, &curpos, *type, obj_offset);
-	if (!base_offset) {
-		error("failed to validate delta base reference "
-		      "at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
-		      (uintmax_t)curpos, p->pack_name);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	unuse_pack(w_curs);
-	base = cache_or_unpack_entry(p, base_offset, &base_size, type, 0);
-	if (!base) {
-		/*
-		 * We're probably in deep shit, but let's try to fetch
-		 * the required base anyway from another pack or loose.
-		 * This is costly but should happen only in the presence
-		 * of a corrupted pack, and is better than failing outright.
-		 */
-		struct revindex_entry *revidx;
-		const unsigned char *base_sha1;
-		revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, base_offset);
-		if (!revidx)
-			return NULL;
-		base_sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
-		error("failed to read delta base object %s"
-		      " at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
-		      sha1_to_hex(base_sha1), (uintmax_t)base_offset,
-		      p->pack_name);
-		mark_bad_packed_object(p, base_sha1);
-		base = read_object(base_sha1, type, &base_size);
-		if (!base)
-			return NULL;
-	}
-
-	delta_data = unpack_compressed_entry(p, w_curs, curpos, delta_size);
-	if (!delta_data) {
-		error("failed to unpack compressed delta "
-		      "at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
-		      (uintmax_t)curpos, p->pack_name);
-		free(base);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	result = patch_delta(base, base_size,
-			     delta_data, delta_size,
-			     sizep);
-	if (!result)
-		die("failed to apply delta");
-	free(delta_data);
-	add_delta_base_cache(p, base_offset, base, base_size, *type);
-	return result;
-}
-
 static void write_pack_access_log(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset)
 {
 	static FILE *log_file;
@@ -1894,48 +1972,178 @@ static void write_pack_access_log(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset)
 
 int do_check_packed_object_crc;
 
+#define UNPACK_ENTRY_STACK_PREALLOC 64
+struct unpack_entry_stack_ent {
+	off_t obj_offset;
+	off_t curpos;
+	unsigned long size;
+};
+
 void *unpack_entry(struct packed_git *p, off_t obj_offset,
-		   enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep)
+		   enum object_type *final_type, unsigned long *final_size)
 {
 	struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
 	off_t curpos = obj_offset;
-	void *data;
+	void *data = NULL;
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+	struct unpack_entry_stack_ent small_delta_stack[UNPACK_ENTRY_STACK_PREALLOC];
+	struct unpack_entry_stack_ent *delta_stack = small_delta_stack;
+	int delta_stack_nr = 0, delta_stack_alloc = UNPACK_ENTRY_STACK_PREALLOC;
+	int base_from_cache = 0;
 
 	if (log_pack_access)
 		write_pack_access_log(p, obj_offset);
 
-	if (do_check_packed_object_crc && p->index_version > 1) {
-		struct revindex_entry *revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
-		unsigned long len = revidx[1].offset - obj_offset;
-		if (check_pack_crc(p, &w_curs, obj_offset, len, revidx->nr)) {
-			const unsigned char *sha1 =
-				nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
-			error("bad packed object CRC for %s",
-			      sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			mark_bad_packed_object(p, sha1);
-			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-			return NULL;
+	/* PHASE 1: drill down to the innermost base object */
+	for (;;) {
+		off_t base_offset;
+		int i;
+		struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent;
+
+		if (do_check_packed_object_crc && p->index_version > 1) {
+			struct revindex_entry *revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
+			unsigned long len = revidx[1].offset - obj_offset;
+			if (check_pack_crc(p, &w_curs, obj_offset, len, revidx->nr)) {
+				const unsigned char *sha1 =
+					nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
+				error("bad packed object CRC for %s",
+				      sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+				mark_bad_packed_object(p, sha1);
+				unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+				return NULL;
+			}
 		}
+
+		ent = get_delta_base_cache_entry(p, curpos);
+		if (eq_delta_base_cache_entry(ent, p, curpos)) {
+			type = ent->type;
+			data = ent->data;
+			size = ent->size;
+			clear_delta_base_cache_entry(ent);
+			base_from_cache = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		type = unpack_object_header(p, &w_curs, &curpos, &size);
+		if (type != OBJ_OFS_DELTA && type != OBJ_REF_DELTA)
+			break;
+
+		base_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
+		if (!base_offset) {
+			error("failed to validate delta base reference "
+			      "at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
+			      (uintmax_t)curpos, p->pack_name);
+			/* bail to phase 2, in hopes of recovery */
+			data = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* push object, proceed to base */
+		if (delta_stack_nr >= delta_stack_alloc
+		    && delta_stack == small_delta_stack) {
+			delta_stack_alloc = alloc_nr(delta_stack_nr);
+			delta_stack = xmalloc(sizeof(*delta_stack)*delta_stack_alloc);
+			memcpy(delta_stack, small_delta_stack,
+			       sizeof(*delta_stack)*delta_stack_nr);
+		} else {
+			ALLOC_GROW(delta_stack, delta_stack_nr+1, delta_stack_alloc);
+		}
+		i = delta_stack_nr++;
+		delta_stack[i].obj_offset = obj_offset;
+		delta_stack[i].curpos = curpos;
+		delta_stack[i].size = size;
+
+		curpos = obj_offset = base_offset;
 	}
 
-	*type = unpack_object_header(p, &w_curs, &curpos, sizep);
-	switch (*type) {
+	/* PHASE 2: handle the base */
+	switch (type) {
 	case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
 	case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
-		data = unpack_delta_entry(p, &w_curs, curpos, *sizep,
-					  obj_offset, type, sizep);
+		if (data)
+			die("BUG in unpack_entry: left loop at a valid delta");
 		break;
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
 	case OBJ_TREE:
 	case OBJ_BLOB:
 	case OBJ_TAG:
-		data = unpack_compressed_entry(p, &w_curs, curpos, *sizep);
+		if (!base_from_cache)
+			data = unpack_compressed_entry(p, &w_curs, curpos, size);
 		break;
 	default:
 		data = NULL;
 		error("unknown object type %i at offset %"PRIuMAX" in %s",
-		      *type, (uintmax_t)obj_offset, p->pack_name);
+		      type, (uintmax_t)obj_offset, p->pack_name);
 	}
+
+	/* PHASE 3: apply deltas in order */
+
+	/* invariants:
+	 *   'data' holds the base data, or NULL if there was corruption
+	 */
+	while (delta_stack_nr) {
+		void *delta_data;
+		void *base = data;
+		unsigned long delta_size, base_size = size;
+		int i;
+
+		data = NULL;
+
+		if (base)
+			add_delta_base_cache(p, obj_offset, base, base_size, type);
+
+		if (!base) {
+			/*
+			 * We're probably in deep shit, but let's try to fetch
+			 * the required base anyway from another pack or loose.
+			 * This is costly but should happen only in the presence
+			 * of a corrupted pack, and is better than failing outright.
+			 */
+			struct revindex_entry *revidx;
+			const unsigned char *base_sha1;
+			revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, obj_offset);
+			if (revidx) {
+				base_sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, revidx->nr);
+				error("failed to read delta base object %s"
+				      " at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
+				      sha1_to_hex(base_sha1), (uintmax_t)obj_offset,
+				      p->pack_name);
+				mark_bad_packed_object(p, base_sha1);
+				base = read_object(base_sha1, &type, &base_size);
+			}
+		}
+
+		i = --delta_stack_nr;
+		obj_offset = delta_stack[i].obj_offset;
+		curpos = delta_stack[i].curpos;
+		delta_size = delta_stack[i].size;
+
+		if (!base)
+			continue;
+
+		delta_data = unpack_compressed_entry(p, &w_curs, curpos, delta_size);
+
+		if (!delta_data) {
+			error("failed to unpack compressed delta "
+			      "at offset %"PRIuMAX" from %s",
+			      (uintmax_t)curpos, p->pack_name);
+			data = NULL;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		data = patch_delta(base, base_size,
+				   delta_data, delta_size,
+				   &size);
+		if (!data)
+			die("failed to apply delta");
+
+		free (delta_data);
+	}
+
+	*final_type = type;
+	*final_size = size;
+
 	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 	return data;
 }
diff --git a/sha1_name.c b/sha1_name.c
index c50630a..3820f28 100644
--- a/sha1_name.c
+++ b/sha1_name.c
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ struct object *peel_to_type(const char *name, int namelen,
 	while (1) {
 		if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(o->sha1)))
 			return NULL;
-		if (o->type == expected_type)
+		if (expected_type == OBJ_ANY || o->type == expected_type)
 			return o;
 		if (o->type == OBJ_TAG)
 			o = ((struct tag*) o)->tagged;
@@ -645,6 +645,8 @@ static int peel_onion(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 		expected_type = OBJ_TREE;
 	else if (!strncmp(blob_type, sp, 4) && sp[4] == '}')
 		expected_type = OBJ_BLOB;
+	else if (!prefixcmp(sp, "object}"))
+		expected_type = OBJ_ANY;
 	else if (sp[0] == '}')
 		expected_type = OBJ_NONE;
 	else if (sp[0] == '/')
@@ -654,6 +656,8 @@ static int peel_onion(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 
 	if (expected_type == OBJ_COMMIT)
 		lookup_flags = GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH;
+	else if (expected_type == OBJ_TREE)
+		lookup_flags = GET_SHA1_TREEISH;
 
 	if (get_sha1_1(name, sp - name - 2, outer, lookup_flags))
 		return -1;
@@ -856,8 +860,8 @@ static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *prefix, unsigned char *sha1,
 }
 
 struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata {
-	long cnt, alloc;
-	struct strbuf *buf;
+	int remaining;
+	struct strbuf buf;
 };
 
 static int grab_nth_branch_switch(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
@@ -867,7 +871,6 @@ static int grab_nth_branch_switch(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 	struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata *cb = cb_data;
 	const char *match = NULL, *target = NULL;
 	size_t len;
-	int nth;
 
 	if (!prefixcmp(message, "checkout: moving from ")) {
 		match = message + strlen("checkout: moving from ");
@@ -876,11 +879,12 @@ static int grab_nth_branch_switch(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 
 	if (!match || !target)
 		return 0;
-
-	len = target - match;
-	nth = cb->cnt++ % cb->alloc;
-	strbuf_reset(&cb->buf[nth]);
-	strbuf_add(&cb->buf[nth], match, len);
+	if (--(cb->remaining) == 0) {
+		len = target - match;
+		strbuf_reset(&cb->buf);
+		strbuf_add(&cb->buf, match, len);
+		return 1; /* we are done */
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -891,7 +895,7 @@ static int grab_nth_branch_switch(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 static int interpret_nth_prior_checkout(const char *name, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	long nth;
-	int i, retval;
+	int retval;
 	struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata cb;
 	const char *brace;
 	char *num_end;
@@ -901,34 +905,22 @@ static int interpret_nth_prior_checkout(const char *name, struct strbuf *buf)
 	brace = strchr(name, '}');
 	if (!brace)
 		return -1;
-	nth = strtol(name+3, &num_end, 10);
+	nth = strtol(name + 3, &num_end, 10);
 	if (num_end != brace)
 		return -1;
 	if (nth <= 0)
 		return -1;
-	cb.alloc = nth;
-	cb.buf = xmalloc(nth * sizeof(struct strbuf));
-	for (i = 0; i < nth; i++)
-		strbuf_init(&cb.buf[i], 20);
-	cb.cnt = 0;
+	cb.remaining = nth;
+	strbuf_init(&cb.buf, 20);
+
 	retval = 0;
-	for_each_recent_reflog_ent("HEAD", grab_nth_branch_switch, 40960, &cb);
-	if (cb.cnt < nth) {
-		cb.cnt = 0;
-		for_each_reflog_ent("HEAD", grab_nth_branch_switch, &cb);
+	if (0 < for_each_reflog_ent_reverse("HEAD", grab_nth_branch_switch, &cb)) {
+		strbuf_reset(buf);
+		strbuf_add(buf, cb.buf.buf, cb.buf.len);
+		retval = brace - name + 1;
 	}
-	if (cb.cnt < nth)
-		goto release_return;
-	i = cb.cnt % nth;
-	strbuf_reset(buf);
-	strbuf_add(buf, cb.buf[i].buf, cb.buf[i].len);
-	retval = brace-name+1;
-
-release_return:
-	for (i = 0; i < nth; i++)
-		strbuf_release(&cb.buf[i]);
-	free(cb.buf);
 
+	strbuf_release(&cb.buf);
 	return retval;
 }
 
diff --git a/shallow.c b/shallow.c
index a0363de..6be915f 100644
--- a/shallow.c
+++ b/shallow.c
@@ -72,8 +72,14 @@ struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads, int depth,
 		}
 		if (parse_commit(commit))
 			die("invalid commit");
-		commit->object.flags |= not_shallow_flag;
 		cur_depth++;
+		if (cur_depth >= depth) {
+			commit_list_insert(commit, &result);
+			commit->object.flags |= shallow_flag;
+			commit = NULL;
+			continue;
+		}
+		commit->object.flags |= not_shallow_flag;
 		for (p = commit->parents, commit = NULL; p; p = p->next) {
 			if (!p->item->util) {
 				int *pointer = xmalloc(sizeof(int));
diff --git a/shell.c b/shell.c
index 84b237f..1429870 100644
--- a/shell.c
+++ b/shell.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #define COMMAND_DIR "git-shell-commands"
 #define HELP_COMMAND COMMAND_DIR "/help"
+#define NOLOGIN_COMMAND COMMAND_DIR "/no-interactive-login"
 
 static int do_generic_cmd(const char *me, char *arg)
 {
@@ -65,6 +66,18 @@ static void run_shell(void)
 {
 	int done = 0;
 	static const char *help_argv[] = { HELP_COMMAND, NULL };
+
+	if (!access(NOLOGIN_COMMAND, F_OK)) {
+		/* Interactive login disabled. */
+		const char *argv[] = { NOLOGIN_COMMAND, NULL };
+		int status;
+
+		status = run_command_v_opt(argv, 0);
+		if (status < 0)
+			exit(127);
+		exit(status);
+	}
+
 	/* Print help if enabled */
 	run_command_v_opt(help_argv, RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE);
 
diff --git a/sideband.c b/sideband.c
index d5ffa1c..d1125f5 100644
--- a/sideband.c
+++ b/sideband.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "cache.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
 
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out)
 
 	while (1) {
 		int band, len;
-		len = packet_read_line(in_stream, buf + pf, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+		len = packet_read(in_stream, NULL, NULL, buf + pf, LARGE_PACKET_MAX, 0);
 		if (len == 0)
 			break;
 		if (len < 1) {
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out)
 			} while (len);
 			continue;
 		case 1:
-			safe_write(out, buf + pf+1, len);
+			write_or_die(out, buf + pf+1, len);
 			continue;
 		default:
 			fprintf(stderr, "%s: protocol error: bad band #%d\n",
@@ -138,12 +139,12 @@ ssize_t send_sideband(int fd, int band, const char *data, ssize_t sz, int packet
 		if (0 <= band) {
 			sprintf(hdr, "%04x", n + 5);
 			hdr[4] = band;
-			safe_write(fd, hdr, 5);
+			write_or_die(fd, hdr, 5);
 		} else {
 			sprintf(hdr, "%04x", n + 4);
-			safe_write(fd, hdr, 4);
+			write_or_die(fd, hdr, 4);
 		}
-		safe_write(fd, p, n);
+		write_or_die(fd, p, n);
 		p += n;
 		sz -= n;
 	}
diff --git a/sideband.h b/sideband.h
index d72db35..e46bed0 100644
--- a/sideband.h
+++ b/sideband.h
@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@
 #define SIDEBAND_PROTOCOL_ERROR -2
 #define SIDEBAND_REMOTE_ERROR -1
 
-#define DEFAULT_PACKET_MAX 1000
-#define LARGE_PACKET_MAX 65520
-
 int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out);
 ssize_t send_sideband(int fd, int band, const char *data, ssize_t sz, int packet_max);
 
diff --git a/strbuf.c b/strbuf.c
index 05d0693..1170d01 100644
--- a/strbuf.c
+++ b/strbuf.c
@@ -204,6 +204,54 @@ void strbuf_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
 	va_end(ap);
 }
 
+static void add_lines(struct strbuf *out,
+			const char *prefix1,
+			const char *prefix2,
+			const char *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	while (size) {
+		const char *prefix;
+		const char *next = memchr(buf, '\n', size);
+		next = next ? (next + 1) : (buf + size);
+
+		prefix = (prefix2 && buf[0] == '\n') ? prefix2 : prefix1;
+		strbuf_addstr(out, prefix);
+		strbuf_add(out, buf, next - buf);
+		size -= next - buf;
+		buf = next;
+	}
+	strbuf_complete_line(out);
+}
+
+void strbuf_add_commented_lines(struct strbuf *out, const char *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	static char prefix1[3];
+	static char prefix2[2];
+
+	if (prefix1[0] != comment_line_char) {
+		sprintf(prefix1, "%c ", comment_line_char);
+		sprintf(prefix2, "%c", comment_line_char);
+	}
+	add_lines(out, prefix1, prefix2, buf, size);
+}
+
+void strbuf_commented_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list params;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int incomplete_line = sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n';
+
+	va_start(params, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, fmt, params);
+	va_end(params);
+
+	strbuf_add_commented_lines(sb, buf.buf, buf.len);
+	if (incomplete_line)
+		sb->buf[--sb->len] = '\0';
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
 void strbuf_vaddf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 {
 	int len;
@@ -414,15 +462,33 @@ int strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
 void strbuf_add_lines(struct strbuf *out, const char *prefix,
 		      const char *buf, size_t size)
 {
-	while (size) {
-		const char *next = memchr(buf, '\n', size);
-		next = next ? (next + 1) : (buf + size);
-		strbuf_addstr(out, prefix);
-		strbuf_add(out, buf, next - buf);
-		size -= next - buf;
-		buf = next;
+	add_lines(out, prefix, NULL, buf, size);
+}
+
+void strbuf_addstr_xml_quoted(struct strbuf *buf, const char *s)
+{
+	while (*s) {
+		size_t len = strcspn(s, "\"<>&");
+		strbuf_add(buf, s, len);
+		s += len;
+		switch (*s) {
+		case '"':
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, "&quot;");
+			break;
+		case '<':
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, "&lt;");
+			break;
+		case '>':
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, "&gt;");
+			break;
+		case '&':
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, "&amp;");
+			break;
+		case 0:
+			return;
+		}
+		s++;
 	}
-	strbuf_complete_line(out);
 }
 
 static int is_rfc3986_reserved(char ch)
@@ -462,6 +528,25 @@ void strbuf_addstr_urlencode(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s,
 	strbuf_add_urlencode(sb, s, strlen(s), reserved);
 }
 
+void strbuf_humanise_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, off_t bytes)
+{
+	if (bytes > 1 << 30) {
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%u.%2.2u GiB",
+			    (int)(bytes >> 30),
+			    (int)(bytes & ((1 << 30) - 1)) / 10737419);
+	} else if (bytes > 1 << 20) {
+		int x = bytes + 5243;  /* for rounding */
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%u.%2.2u MiB",
+			    x >> 20, ((x & ((1 << 20) - 1)) * 100) >> 20);
+	} else if (bytes > 1 << 10) {
+		int x = bytes + 5;  /* for rounding */
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%u.%2.2u KiB",
+			    x >> 10, ((x & ((1 << 10) - 1)) * 100) >> 10);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%u bytes", (int)bytes);
+	}
+}
+
 int printf_ln(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	int ret;
diff --git a/strbuf.h b/strbuf.h
index aa386c6..73e80ce 100644
--- a/strbuf.h
+++ b/strbuf.h
@@ -110,6 +110,8 @@ extern void strbuf_remove(struct strbuf *, size_t pos, size_t len);
 extern void strbuf_splice(struct strbuf *, size_t pos, size_t len,
                           const void *, size_t);
 
+extern void strbuf_add_commented_lines(struct strbuf *out, const char *buf, size_t size);
+
 extern void strbuf_add(struct strbuf *, const void *, size_t);
 static inline void strbuf_addstr(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s) {
 	strbuf_add(sb, s, strlen(s));
@@ -131,11 +133,19 @@ extern void strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(struct strbuf *dst, const struct strbuf *
 
 __attribute__((format (printf,2,3)))
 extern void strbuf_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...);
+__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
+extern void strbuf_commented_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...);
 __attribute__((format (printf,2,0)))
 extern void strbuf_vaddf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
 
 extern void strbuf_add_lines(struct strbuf *sb, const char *prefix, const char *buf, size_t size);
 
+/*
+ * Append s to sb, with the characters '<', '>', '&' and '"' converted
+ * into XML entities.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_addstr_xml_quoted(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s);
+
 static inline void strbuf_complete_line(struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	if (sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n')
@@ -160,6 +170,7 @@ extern int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name);
 
 extern void strbuf_addstr_urlencode(struct strbuf *, const char *,
 				    int reserved);
+extern void strbuf_humanise_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, off_t bytes);
 
 __attribute__((format (printf,1,2)))
 extern int printf_ln(const char *fmt, ...);
diff --git a/streaming.c b/streaming.c
index 4d978e5..cabcd9d 100644
--- a/streaming.c
+++ b/streaming.c
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ static read_method_decl(filtered)
 		if (!fs->input_finished) {
 			fs->i_end = read_istream(fs->upstream, fs->ibuf, FILTER_BUFFER);
 			if (fs->i_end < 0)
-				break;
+				return -1;
 			if (fs->i_end)
 				continue;
 		}
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ static read_method_decl(loose)
 			st->z_state = z_done;
 			break;
 		}
-		if (status != Z_OK && status != Z_BUF_ERROR) {
+		if (status != Z_OK && (status != Z_BUF_ERROR || total_read < sz)) {
 			git_inflate_end(&st->z);
 			st->z_state = z_error;
 			return -1;
@@ -514,6 +514,8 @@ int stream_blob_to_fd(int fd, unsigned const char *sha1, struct stream_filter *f
 		ssize_t wrote, holeto;
 		ssize_t readlen = read_istream(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
 
+		if (readlen < 0)
+			goto close_and_exit;
 		if (!readlen)
 			break;
 		if (can_seek && sizeof(buf) == readlen) {
diff --git a/string-list.c b/string-list.c
index 480173f..aabb25e 100644
--- a/string-list.c
+++ b/string-list.c
@@ -7,10 +7,11 @@ static int get_entry_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
 		int *exact_match)
 {
 	int left = -1, right = list->nr;
+	compare_strings_fn cmp = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
 
 	while (left + 1 < right) {
 		int middle = (left + right) / 2;
-		int compare = strcmp(string, list->items[middle].string);
+		int compare = cmp(string, list->items[middle].string);
 		if (compare < 0)
 			right = middle;
 		else if (compare > 0)
@@ -96,8 +97,9 @@ void string_list_remove_duplicates(struct string_list *list, int free_util)
 {
 	if (list->nr > 1) {
 		int src, dst;
+		compare_strings_fn cmp = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
 		for (src = dst = 1; src < list->nr; src++) {
-			if (!strcmp(list->items[dst - 1].string, list->items[src].string)) {
+			if (!cmp(list->items[dst - 1].string, list->items[src].string)) {
 				if (list->strdup_strings)
 					free(list->items[src].string);
 				if (free_util)
@@ -210,15 +212,20 @@ struct string_list_item *string_list_append(struct string_list *list,
 			list->strdup_strings ? xstrdup(string) : (char *)string);
 }
 
+/* Yuck */
+static compare_strings_fn compare_for_qsort;
+
+/* Only call this from inside sort_string_list! */
 static int cmp_items(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
 	const struct string_list_item *one = a;
 	const struct string_list_item *two = b;
-	return strcmp(one->string, two->string);
+	return compare_for_qsort(one->string, two->string);
 }
 
 void sort_string_list(struct string_list *list)
 {
+	compare_for_qsort = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
 	qsort(list->items, list->nr, sizeof(*list->items), cmp_items);
 }
 
@@ -226,8 +233,10 @@ struct string_list_item *unsorted_string_list_lookup(struct string_list *list,
 						     const char *string)
 {
 	int i;
+	compare_strings_fn cmp = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
-		if (!strcmp(string, list->items[i].string))
+		if (!cmp(string, list->items[i].string))
 			return list->items + i;
 	return NULL;
 }
diff --git a/string-list.h b/string-list.h
index db12848..de6769c 100644
--- a/string-list.h
+++ b/string-list.h
@@ -5,10 +5,14 @@ struct string_list_item {
 	char *string;
 	void *util;
 };
+
+typedef int (*compare_strings_fn)(const char *, const char *);
+
 struct string_list {
 	struct string_list_item *items;
 	unsigned int nr, alloc;
 	unsigned int strdup_strings:1;
+	compare_strings_fn cmp; /* NULL uses strcmp() */
 };
 
 #define STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP { NULL, 0, 0, 0 }
diff --git a/submodule.c b/submodule.c
index 2f55436..e728025 100644
--- a/submodule.c
+++ b/submodule.c
@@ -126,45 +126,44 @@ void gitmodules_config(void)
 
 int parse_submodule_config_option(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
-	int len;
 	struct string_list_item *config;
-	struct strbuf submodname = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *name, *key;
+	int namelen;
 
-	var += 10;		/* Skip "submodule." */
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "submodule", &name, &namelen, &key) < 0 || !name)
+		return 0;
 
-	len = strlen(var);
-	if ((len > 5) && !strcmp(var + len - 5, ".path")) {
-		strbuf_add(&submodname, var, len - 5);
+	if (!strcmp(key, "path")) {
 		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, value);
 		if (config)
 			free(config->util);
 		else
 			config = string_list_append(&config_name_for_path, xstrdup(value));
-		config->util = strbuf_detach(&submodname, NULL);
-		strbuf_release(&submodname);
-	} else if ((len > 23) && !strcmp(var + len - 23, ".fetchrecursesubmodules")) {
-		strbuf_add(&submodname, var, len - 23);
-		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, submodname.buf);
+		config->util = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+	} else if (!strcmp(key, "fetchrecursesubmodules")) {
+		char *name_cstr = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name_cstr);
 		if (!config)
-			config = string_list_append(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name,
-						    strbuf_detach(&submodname, NULL));
+			config = string_list_append(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name_cstr);
+		else
+			free(name_cstr);
 		config->util = (void *)(intptr_t)parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(var, value);
-		strbuf_release(&submodname);
-	} else if ((len > 7) && !strcmp(var + len - 7, ".ignore")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(key, "ignore")) {
+		char *name_cstr;
+
 		if (strcmp(value, "untracked") && strcmp(value, "dirty") &&
 		    strcmp(value, "all") && strcmp(value, "none")) {
 			warning("Invalid parameter \"%s\" for config option \"submodule.%s.ignore\"", value, var);
 			return 0;
 		}
 
-		strbuf_add(&submodname, var, len - 7);
-		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_ignore_for_name, submodname.buf);
-		if (config)
+		name_cstr = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_ignore_for_name, name_cstr);
+		if (config) {
 			free(config->util);
-		else
-			config = string_list_append(&config_ignore_for_name,
-						    strbuf_detach(&submodname, NULL));
-		strbuf_release(&submodname);
+			free(name_cstr);
+		} else
+			config = string_list_append(&config_ignore_for_name, name_cstr);
 		config->util = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -217,6 +216,7 @@ static int prepare_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, const char *path,
 }
 
 static void print_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, FILE *f,
+		const char *line_prefix,
 		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset)
 {
 	static const char format[] = "  %m %s";
@@ -227,6 +227,7 @@ static void print_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, FILE *f,
 		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 		ctx.date_mode = rev->date_mode;
 		strbuf_setlen(&sb, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, line_prefix);
 		if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT) {
 			if (del)
 				strbuf_addstr(&sb, del);
@@ -257,12 +258,13 @@ int parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
 }
 
 void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
+		const char *line_prefix,
 		unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
 		unsigned dirty_submodule, const char *meta,
 		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
-	struct commit *left = left, *right = right;
+	struct commit *left = NULL, *right = NULL;
 	const char *message = NULL;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int fast_forward = 0, fast_backward = 0;
@@ -276,23 +278,23 @@ void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
 	else if (!(left = lookup_commit_reference(one)) ||
 		 !(right = lookup_commit_reference(two)))
 		message = "(commits not present)";
-
-	if (!message &&
-	    prepare_submodule_summary(&rev, path, left, right,
-					&fast_forward, &fast_backward))
+	else if (prepare_submodule_summary(&rev, path, left, right,
+					   &fast_forward, &fast_backward))
 		message = "(revision walker failed)";
 
 	if (dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED)
-		fprintf(f, "Submodule %s contains untracked content\n", path);
+		fprintf(f, "%sSubmodule %s contains untracked content\n",
+			line_prefix, path);
 	if (dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED)
-		fprintf(f, "Submodule %s contains modified content\n", path);
+		fprintf(f, "%sSubmodule %s contains modified content\n",
+			line_prefix, path);
 
 	if (!hashcmp(one, two)) {
 		strbuf_release(&sb);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%sSubmodule %s %s..", meta, path,
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%sSubmodule %s %s..", line_prefix, meta, path,
 			find_unique_abbrev(one, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	if (!fast_backward && !fast_forward)
 		strbuf_addch(&sb, '.');
@@ -303,11 +305,12 @@ void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
 		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s:%s\n", fast_backward ? " (rewind)" : "", reset);
 	fwrite(sb.buf, sb.len, 1, f);
 
-	if (!message) {
-		print_submodule_summary(&rev, f, del, add, reset);
+	if (!message) /* only NULL if we succeeded in setting up the walk */
+		print_submodule_summary(&rev, f, line_prefix, del, add, reset);
+	if (left)
 		clear_commit_marks(left, ~0);
+	if (right)
 		clear_commit_marks(right, ~0);
-	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
diff --git a/submodule.h b/submodule.h
index 3dc1b3f..c7ffc7c 100644
--- a/submodule.h
+++ b/submodule.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ int parse_submodule_config_option(const char *var, const char *value);
 void handle_ignore_submodules_arg(struct diff_options *diffopt, const char *);
 int parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg);
 void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
+		const char *line_prefix,
 		unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
 		unsigned dirty_submodule, const char *meta,
 		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset);
diff --git a/t/Makefile b/t/Makefile
index 5c6de81..44ca7d3 100644
--- a/t/Makefile
+++ b/t/Makefile
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ TEST_LINT ?= test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable
 
 # Shell quote;
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
 
 T = $(sort $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
 TSVN = $(sort $(wildcard t91[0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ clean-except-prove-cache:
 clean: clean-except-prove-cache
 	$(RM) .prove
 
-test-lint: test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable
+test-lint: test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable test-lint-shell-syntax
 
 test-lint-duplicates:
 	@dups=`echo $(T) | tr ' ' '\n' | sed 's/-.*//' | sort | uniq -d` && \
@@ -56,6 +57,9 @@ test-lint-executable:
 		test -z "$$bad" || { \
 		echo >&2 "non-executable tests:" $$bad; exit 1; }
 
+test-lint-shell-syntax:
+	@'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' check-non-portable-shell.pl $(T)
+
 aggregate-results-and-cleanup: $(T)
 	$(MAKE) aggregate-results
 	$(MAKE) clean
@@ -79,42 +83,4 @@ valgrind:
 perf:
 	$(MAKE) -C perf/ all
 
-# Smoke testing targets
--include ../GIT-VERSION-FILE
-uname_S := $(shell sh -c 'uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo unknown')
-uname_M := $(shell sh -c 'uname -m 2>/dev/null || echo unknown')
-
-test-results:
-	mkdir -p test-results
-
-test-results/git-smoke.tar.gz: test-results
-	$(PERL_PATH) ./harness \
-		--archive="test-results/git-smoke.tar.gz" \
-		$(T)
-
-smoke: test-results/git-smoke.tar.gz
-
-SMOKE_UPLOAD_FLAGS =
-ifdef SMOKE_USERNAME
-	SMOKE_UPLOAD_FLAGS += -F username="$(SMOKE_USERNAME)" -F password="$(SMOKE_PASSWORD)"
-endif
-ifdef SMOKE_COMMENT
-	SMOKE_UPLOAD_FLAGS += -F comments="$(SMOKE_COMMENT)"
-endif
-ifdef SMOKE_TAGS
-	SMOKE_UPLOAD_FLAGS += -F tags="$(SMOKE_TAGS)"
-endif
-
-smoke_report: smoke
-	curl \
-		-H "Expect: " \
-		-F project=Git \
-		-F architecture="$(uname_M)" \
-		-F platform="$(uname_S)" \
-		-F revision="$(GIT_VERSION)" \
-		-F report_file=@test-results/git-smoke.tar.gz \
-		$(SMOKE_UPLOAD_FLAGS) \
-		http://smoke.git.nix.is/app/projects/process_add_report/1 \
-	| grep -v ^Redirecting
-
 .PHONY: pre-clean $(T) aggregate-results clean valgrind perf
diff --git a/t/README b/t/README
index e4128e5..e669bb3 100644
--- a/t/README
+++ b/t/README
@@ -86,23 +86,35 @@ appropriately before running "make".
 
 --immediate::
 	This causes the test to immediately exit upon the first
-	failed test.
+	failed test. Cleanup commands requested with
+	test_when_finished are not executed if the test failed,
+	in order to keep the state for inspection by the tester
+	to diagnose the bug.
 
 --long-tests::
 	This causes additional long-running tests to be run (where
 	available), for more exhaustive testing.
 
---valgrind::
-	Execute all Git binaries with valgrind and exit with status
-	126 on errors (just like regular tests, this will only stop
-	the test script when running under -i).  Valgrind errors
-	go to stderr, so you might want to pass the -v option, too.
+--valgrind=<tool>::
+	Execute all Git binaries under valgrind tool <tool> and exit
+	with status 126 on errors (just like regular tests, this will
+	only stop the test script when running under -i).
 
 	Since it makes no sense to run the tests with --valgrind and
 	not see any output, this option implies --verbose.  For
 	convenience, it also implies --tee.
 
-	Note that valgrind is run with the option --leak-check=no,
+	<tool> defaults to 'memcheck', just like valgrind itself.
+	Other particularly useful choices include 'helgrind' and
+	'drd', but you may use any tool recognized by your valgrind
+	installation.
+
+	As a special case, <tool> can be 'memcheck-fast', which uses
+	memcheck but disables --track-origins.  Use this if you are
+	running tests in bulk, to see if there are _any_ memory
+	issues.
+
+	Note that memcheck is run with the option --leak-check=no,
 	as the git process is short-lived and some errors are not
 	interesting. In order to run a single command under the same
 	conditions manually, you should set GIT_VALGRIND to point to
@@ -610,6 +622,11 @@ use these, and "test_set_prereq" for how to define your own.
    The process retains the same pid across exec(2). See fb9a2bea for
    details.
 
+ - PIPE
+
+   The filesystem we're on supports creation of FIFOs (named pipes)
+   via mkfifo(1).
+
  - SYMLINKS
 
    The filesystem we're on supports symbolic links. E.g. a FAT
diff --git a/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl b/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8b5a71d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+# Test t0000..t9999.sh for non portable shell scripts
+# This script can be called with one or more filenames as parameters
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+my $exit_code=0;
+
+sub err {
+	my $msg = shift;
+	print "$ARGV:$.: error: $msg: $_\n";
+	$exit_code = 1;
+}
+
+while (<>) {
+	chomp;
+	/^\s*sed\s+-i/ and err 'sed -i is not portable';
+	/^\s*echo\s+-n/ and err 'echo -n is not portable (please use printf)';
+	/^\s*declare\s+/ and err 'arrays/declare not portable';
+	/^\s*[^#]\s*which\s/ and err 'which is not portable (please use type)';
+	/test\s+[^=]*==/ and err '"test a == b" is not portable (please use =)';
+	# this resets our $. for each file
+	close ARGV if eof;
+}
+exit $exit_code;
diff --git a/t/lib-git-p4.sh b/t/lib-git-p4.sh
index 7061dce..2098b9b 100644
--- a/t/lib-git-p4.sh
+++ b/t/lib-git-p4.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO=NoThanks
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON; then
+if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON
+then
 	skip_all='skipping git p4 tests; python not available'
 	test_done
 fi
@@ -17,6 +18,24 @@ fi
 	test_done
 }
 
+# On cygwin, the NT version of Perforce can be used.  When giving
+# it paths, either on the command-line or in client specifications,
+# be sure to use the native windows form.
+#
+# Older versions of perforce were available compiled natively for
+# cygwin.  Those do not accept native windows paths, so make sure
+# not to convert for them.
+native_path() {
+	path="$1" &&
+	if test_have_prereq CYGWIN && ! p4 -V | grep -q CYGWIN
+	then
+		path=$(cygpath --windows "$path")
+	else
+		path=$(test-path-utils real_path "$path")
+	fi &&
+	echo "$path"
+}
+
 # Try to pick a unique port: guess a large number, then hope
 # no more than one of each test is running.
 #
@@ -32,7 +51,7 @@ P4EDITOR=:
 export P4PORT P4CLIENT P4EDITOR
 
 db="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/db"
-cli=$(test-path-utils real_path "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cli")
+cli="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cli"
 git="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/git"
 pidfile="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/p4d.pid"
 
@@ -40,8 +59,11 @@ start_p4d() {
 	mkdir -p "$db" "$cli" "$git" &&
 	rm -f "$pidfile" &&
 	(
-		p4d -q -r "$db" -p $P4DPORT &
-		echo $! >"$pidfile"
+		cd "$db" &&
+		{
+			p4d -q -p $P4DPORT &
+			echo $! >"$pidfile"
+		}
 	) &&
 
 	# This gives p4d a long time to start up, as it can be
@@ -74,15 +96,8 @@ start_p4d() {
 	fi
 
 	# build a client
-	(
-		cd "$cli" &&
-		p4 client -i <<-EOF
-		Client: client
-		Description: client
-		Root: $cli
-		View: //depot/... //client/...
-		EOF
-	)
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+
 	return 0
 }
 
@@ -123,13 +138,26 @@ marshal_dump() {
 client_view() {
 	(
 		cat <<-EOF &&
-		Client: client
-		Description: client
+		Client: $P4CLIENT
+		Description: $P4CLIENT
 		Root: $cli
+		AltRoots: $(native_path "$cli")
+		LineEnd: unix
 		View:
 		EOF
-		for arg ; do
-			printf "\t$arg\n"
-		done
+		printf "\t%s\n" "$@"
 	) | p4 client -i
 }
+
+is_cli_file_writeable() {
+	# cygwin version of p4 does not set read-only attr,
+	# will be marked 444 but -w is true
+	file="$1" &&
+	if test_have_prereq CYGWIN && p4 -V | grep -q CYGWIN
+	then
+		stat=$(stat --format=%a "$file") &&
+		test $stat = 644
+	else
+		test -w "$file"
+	fi
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-git-svn.sh b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
index 199f22c..c5e55b1 100644
--- a/t/lib-git-svn.sh
+++ b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ stop_httpd () {
 convert_to_rev_db () {
 	"$PERL_PATH" -w -- - "$@" <<\EOF
 use strict;
-@ARGV == 2 or die "Usage: convert_to_rev_db <input> <output>";
+@ARGV == 2 or die "usage: convert_to_rev_db <input> <output>";
 open my $wr, '+>', $ARGV[1] or die "$!: couldn't open: $ARGV[1]";
 open my $rd, '<', $ARGV[0] or die "$!: couldn't open: $ARGV[0]";
 my $size = (stat($rd))[7];
diff --git a/t/lib-gpg/pubring.gpg b/t/lib-gpg/pubring.gpg
index 83855fa..1a3c2d4 100644
--- a/t/lib-gpg/pubring.gpg
+++ b/t/lib-gpg/pubring.gpg
diff --git a/t/lib-gpg/random_seed b/t/lib-gpg/random_seed
index 8fed133..95d249f 100644
--- a/t/lib-gpg/random_seed
+++ b/t/lib-gpg/random_seed
diff --git a/t/lib-gpg/secring.gpg b/t/lib-gpg/secring.gpg
index d831cd9..82dca8f 100644
--- a/t/lib-gpg/secring.gpg
+++ b/t/lib-gpg/secring.gpg
diff --git a/t/lib-gpg/trustdb.gpg b/t/lib-gpg/trustdb.gpg
index abace96..4879ae9 100644
--- a/t/lib-gpg/trustdb.gpg
+++ b/t/lib-gpg/trustdb.gpg
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
index 938b4cf..b5bce45 100644
--- a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
+++ b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ ErrorLog error.log
 <IfModule !mod_authz_user.c>
 	LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so
 </IfModule>
+<IfModule !mod_authz_host.c>
+	LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so
+</IfModule>
 </IfVersion>
 
 PassEnv GIT_VALGRIND
@@ -61,6 +64,11 @@ Alias /auth/dumb/ www/auth/dumb/
 	SetEnv GIT_COMMITTER_NAME "Custom User"
 	SetEnv GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL custom@example.com
 </LocationMatch>
+<LocationMatch /smart_namespace/>
+	SetEnv GIT_EXEC_PATH ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}
+	SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
+	SetEnv GIT_NAMESPACE ns
+</LocationMatch>
 ScriptAliasMatch /smart_*[^/]*/(.*) ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git-http-backend/$1
 ScriptAlias /broken_smart/ broken-smart-http.sh/
 <Directory ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}>
@@ -110,6 +118,21 @@ SSLEngine On
 	Require valid-user
 </LocationMatch>
 
+RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} service=git-receive-pack [OR]
+RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} /git-receive-pack$
+RewriteRule ^/half-auth-complete/ - [E=AUTHREQUIRED:yes]
+
+<Location /half-auth-complete/>
+  Order Deny,Allow
+  Deny from env=AUTHREQUIRED
+
+  AuthType Basic
+  AuthName "Git Access"
+  AuthUserFile passwd
+  Require valid-user
+  Satisfy Any
+</Location>
+
 <IfDefine DAV>
 	LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
 	LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
diff --git a/t/t0000-basic.sh b/t/t0000-basic.sh
index 562cf41..cefe33d 100755
--- a/t/t0000-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t0000-basic.sh
@@ -45,39 +45,176 @@ test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' '
 	false
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage (run in sub test-lib)' "
-	mkdir passing-todo &&
-	(cd passing-todo &&
-	cat >passing-todo.sh <<-EOF &&
-	#!$SHELL_PATH
-
-	test_description='A passing TODO test
+run_sub_test_lib_test () {
+	name="$1" descr="$2" # stdin is the body of the test code
+	mkdir "$name" &&
+	(
+		cd "$name" &&
+		cat >"$name.sh" <<-EOF &&
+		#!$SHELL_PATH
+
+		test_description='$descr (run in sub test-lib)
+
+		This is run in a sub test-lib so that we do not get incorrect
+		passing metrics
+		'
+
+		# Point to the t/test-lib.sh, which isn't in ../ as usual
+		. "\$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-lib.sh
+		EOF
+		cat >>"$name.sh" &&
+		chmod +x "$name.sh" &&
+		export TEST_DIRECTORY &&
+		./"$name.sh" >out 2>err
+	)
+}
 
-	This is run in a sub test-lib so that we do not get incorrect
-	passing metrics
-	'
+check_sub_test_lib_test () {
+	name="$1" # stdin is the expected output from the test
+	(
+		cd "$name" &&
+		! test -s err &&
+		sed -e 's/^> //' -e 's/Z$//' >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect out
+	)
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have a fully passing test suite' "
+	run_sub_test_lib_test full-pass '3 passing tests' <<-\\EOF &&
+	for i in 1 2 3
+	do
+		test_expect_success \"passing test #\$i\" 'true'
+	done
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test full-pass <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - passing test #1
+	> ok 2 - passing test #2
+	> ok 3 - passing test #3
+	> # passed all 3 test(s)
+	> 1..3
+	EOF
+"
 
-	# Point to the t/test-lib.sh, which isn't in ../ as usual
-	TEST_DIRECTORY=\"$TEST_DIRECTORY\"
-	. \"\$TEST_DIRECTORY\"/test-lib.sh
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have a partially passing test suite' "
+	test_must_fail run_sub_test_lib_test \
+		partial-pass '2/3 tests passing' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_success 'passing test #1' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'failing test #2' 'false'
+	test_expect_success 'passing test #3' 'true'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test partial-pass <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - passing test #1
+	> not ok 2 - failing test #2
+	#	false
+	> ok 3 - passing test #3
+	> # failed 1 among 3 test(s)
+	> 1..3
+	EOF
+"
 
-	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage' '
-		:
-	'
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have a known breakage' "
+	run_sub_test_lib_test failing-todo 'A failing TODO test' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' 'false'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test failing-todo <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - passing test
+	> not ok 2 - pretend we have a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+	> # still have 1 known breakage(s)
+	> # passed all remaining 1 test(s)
+	> 1..2
+	EOF
+"
 
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage' "
+	run_sub_test_lib_test passing-todo 'A passing TODO test' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage' 'true'
 	test_done
 	EOF
-	chmod +x passing-todo.sh &&
-	./passing-todo.sh >out 2>err &&
-	! test -s err &&
-	sed -e 's/^> //' >expect <<-\\EOF &&
-	> ok 1 - pretend we have fixed a known breakage # TODO known breakage
-	> # fixed 1 known breakage(s)
-	> # passed all 1 test(s)
+	check_sub_test_lib_test passing-todo <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - pretend we have fixed a known breakage # TODO known breakage vanished
+	> # 1 known breakage(s) vanished; please update test(s)
 	> 1..1
 	EOF
-	test_cmp expect out)
 "
+
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have fixed one of two known breakages (run in sub test-lib)' "
+	run_sub_test_lib_test partially-passing-todos \
+		'2 TODO tests, one passing' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' 'false'
+	test_expect_success 'pretend we have a passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have fixed another known breakage' 'true'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test partially-passing-todos <<-\\EOF
+	> not ok 1 - pretend we have a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+	> ok 2 - pretend we have a passing test
+	> ok 3 - pretend we have fixed another known breakage # TODO known breakage vanished
+	> # 1 known breakage(s) vanished; please update test(s)
+	> # still have 1 known breakage(s)
+	> # passed all remaining 1 test(s)
+	> 1..3
+	EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have a pass, fail, and known breakage' "
+	test_must_fail run_sub_test_lib_test \
+		mixed-results1 'mixed results #1' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'failing test' 'false'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' 'false'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test mixed-results1 <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - passing test
+	> not ok 2 - failing test
+	> #	false
+	> not ok 3 - pretend we have a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+	> # still have 1 known breakage(s)
+	> # failed 1 among remaining 2 test(s)
+	> 1..3
+	EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have a mix of all possible results' "
+	test_must_fail run_sub_test_lib_test \
+		mixed-results2 'mixed results #2' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'failing test' 'false'
+	test_expect_success 'failing test' 'false'
+	test_expect_success 'failing test' 'false'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' 'false'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' 'false'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage' 'true'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test mixed-results2 <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - passing test
+	> ok 2 - passing test
+	> ok 3 - passing test
+	> ok 4 - passing test
+	> not ok 5 - failing test
+	> #	false
+	> not ok 6 - failing test
+	> #	false
+	> not ok 7 - failing test
+	> #	false
+	> not ok 8 - pretend we have a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+	> not ok 9 - pretend we have a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+	> ok 10 - pretend we have fixed a known breakage # TODO known breakage vanished
+	> # 1 known breakage(s) vanished; please update test(s)
+	> # still have 2 known breakage(s)
+	> # failed 3 among remaining 7 test(s)
+	> 1..10
+	EOF
+"
+
 test_set_prereq HAVEIT
 haveit=no
 test_expect_success HAVEIT 'test runs if prerequisite is satisfied' '
@@ -159,19 +296,8 @@ then
 fi
 
 test_expect_success 'tests clean up even on failures' "
-	mkdir failing-cleanup &&
-	(
-	cd failing-cleanup &&
-
-	cat >failing-cleanup.sh <<-EOF &&
-	#!$SHELL_PATH
-
-	test_description='Failing tests with cleanup commands'
-
-	# Point to the t/test-lib.sh, which isn't in ../ as usual
-	TEST_DIRECTORY=\"$TEST_DIRECTORY\"
-	. \"\$TEST_DIRECTORY\"/test-lib.sh
-
+	test_must_fail run_sub_test_lib_test \
+		failing-cleanup 'Failing tests with cleanup commands' <<-\\EOF &&
 	test_expect_success 'tests clean up even after a failure' '
 		touch clean-after-failure &&
 		test_when_finished rm clean-after-failure &&
@@ -181,29 +307,21 @@ test_expect_success 'tests clean up even on failures' "
 		test_when_finished \"(exit 2)\"
 	'
 	test_done
-
 	EOF
-
-	chmod +x failing-cleanup.sh &&
-	test_must_fail ./failing-cleanup.sh >out 2>err &&
-	! test -s err &&
-	! test -f \"trash directory.failing-cleanup/clean-after-failure\" &&
-	sed -e 's/Z$//' -e 's/^> //' >expect <<-\\EOF &&
-	> not ok - 1 tests clean up even after a failure
+	check_sub_test_lib_test failing-cleanup <<-\\EOF
+	> not ok 1 - tests clean up even after a failure
 	> #	Z
 	> #	touch clean-after-failure &&
 	> #	test_when_finished rm clean-after-failure &&
 	> #	(exit 1)
 	> #	Z
-	> not ok - 2 failure to clean up causes the test to fail
+	> not ok 2 - failure to clean up causes the test to fail
 	> #	Z
 	> #	test_when_finished \"(exit 2)\"
 	> #	Z
 	> # failed 2 among 2 test(s)
 	> 1..2
 	EOF
-	test_cmp expect out
-	)
 "
 
 ################################################################
diff --git a/t/t0003-attributes.sh b/t/t0003-attributes.sh
index 1035a14..0b98b6f 100755
--- a/t/t0003-attributes.sh
+++ b/t/t0003-attributes.sh
@@ -207,6 +207,43 @@ test_expect_success 'patterns starting with exclamation' '
 	attr_check "!f" foo
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"**" test' '
+	echo "**/f foo=bar" >.gitattributes &&
+	cat <<\EOF >expect &&
+f: foo: bar
+a/f: foo: bar
+a/b/f: foo: bar
+a/b/c/f: foo: bar
+EOF
+	git check-attr foo -- "f" >actual 2>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/b/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/b/c/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 err
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"**" with no slashes test' '
+	echo "a**f foo=bar" >.gitattributes &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "f" >actual &&
+	cat <<\EOF >expect &&
+f: foo: unspecified
+af: foo: bar
+axf: foo: bar
+a/f: foo: unspecified
+a/b/f: foo: unspecified
+a/b/c/f: foo: unspecified
+EOF
+	git check-attr foo -- "f" >actual 2>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "af" >>actual 2>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "axf" >>actual 2>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/b/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/b/c/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 err
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup bare' '
 	git clone --bare . bare.git &&
 	cd bare.git
diff --git a/t/t0008-ignores.sh b/t/t0008-ignores.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..9c1bde1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0008-ignores.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,652 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description=check-ignore
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+init_vars () {
+	global_excludes="$(pwd)/global-excludes"
+}
+
+enable_global_excludes () {
+	init_vars &&
+	git config core.excludesfile "$global_excludes"
+}
+
+expect_in () {
+	dest="$HOME/expected-$1" text="$2"
+	if test -z "$text"
+	then
+		>"$dest" # avoid newline
+	else
+		echo "$text" >"$dest"
+	fi
+}
+
+expect () {
+	expect_in stdout "$1"
+}
+
+expect_from_stdin () {
+	cat >"$HOME/expected-stdout"
+}
+
+test_stderr () {
+	expected="$1"
+	expect_in stderr "$1" &&
+	test_cmp "$HOME/expected-stderr" "$HOME/stderr"
+}
+
+stderr_contains () {
+	regexp="$1"
+	if grep "$regexp" "$HOME/stderr"
+	then
+		return 0
+	else
+		echo "didn't find /$regexp/ in $HOME/stderr"
+		cat "$HOME/stderr"
+		return 1
+	fi
+}
+
+stderr_empty_on_success () {
+	expect_code="$1"
+	if test $expect_code = 0
+	then
+		test_stderr ""
+	else
+		# If we expect failure then stderr might or might not be empty
+		# due to --quiet - the caller can check its contents
+		return 0
+	fi
+}
+
+test_check_ignore () {
+	args="$1" expect_code="${2:-0}" global_args="$3"
+
+	init_vars &&
+	rm -f "$HOME/stdout" "$HOME/stderr" "$HOME/cmd" &&
+	echo git $global_args check-ignore $quiet_opt $verbose_opt $args \
+		>"$HOME/cmd" &&
+	test_expect_code "$expect_code" \
+		git $global_args check-ignore $quiet_opt $verbose_opt $args \
+		>"$HOME/stdout" 2>"$HOME/stderr" &&
+	test_cmp "$HOME/expected-stdout" "$HOME/stdout" &&
+	stderr_empty_on_success "$expect_code"
+}
+
+# Runs the same code with 3 different levels of output verbosity,
+# expecting success each time.  Takes advantage of the fact that
+# check-ignore --verbose output is the same as normal output except
+# for the extra first column.
+#
+# Arguments:
+#   - (optional) prereqs for this test, e.g. 'SYMLINKS'
+#   - test name
+#   - output to expect from -v / --verbose mode
+#   - code to run (should invoke test_check_ignore)
+test_expect_success_multi () {
+	prereq=
+	if test $# -eq 4
+	then
+		prereq=$1
+		shift
+	fi
+	testname="$1" expect_verbose="$2" code="$3"
+
+	expect=$( echo "$expect_verbose" | sed -e 's/.*	//' )
+
+	test_expect_success $prereq "$testname" '
+		expect "$expect" &&
+		eval "$code"
+	'
+
+	for quiet_opt in '-q' '--quiet'
+	do
+		test_expect_success $prereq "$testname${quiet_opt:+ with $quiet_opt}" "
+			expect '' &&
+			$code
+		"
+	done
+	quiet_opt=
+
+	for verbose_opt in '-v' '--verbose'
+	do
+		test_expect_success $prereq "$testname${verbose_opt:+ with $verbose_opt}" "
+			expect '$expect_verbose' &&
+			$code
+		"
+	done
+	verbose_opt=
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	init_vars &&
+	mkdir -p a/b/ignored-dir a/submodule b &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+	then
+		ln -s b a/symlink
+	fi &&
+	(
+		cd a/submodule &&
+		git init &&
+		echo a >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m"commit in submodule"
+	) &&
+	git add a/submodule &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >.gitignore &&
+		one
+		ignored-*
+		top-level-dir/
+	EOF
+	for dir in . a
+	do
+		: >$dir/not-ignored &&
+		: >$dir/ignored-and-untracked &&
+		: >$dir/ignored-but-in-index
+	done &&
+	git add -f ignored-but-in-index a/ignored-but-in-index &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >a/.gitignore &&
+		two*
+		*three
+	EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >a/b/.gitignore &&
+		four
+		five
+		# this comment should affect the line numbers
+		six
+		ignored-dir/
+		# and so should this blank line:
+
+		!on*
+		!two
+	EOF
+	echo "seven" >a/b/ignored-dir/.gitignore &&
+	test -n "$HOME" &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >"$global_excludes" &&
+		globalone
+		!globaltwo
+		globalthree
+	EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >>.git/info/exclude
+		per-repo
+	EOF
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test invalid inputs
+
+test_expect_success_multi '. corner-case' '' '
+	test_check_ignore . 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'empty command line' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: no path specified"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi '--stdin with empty STDIN' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "--stdin" 1 </dev/null &&
+	if test -n "$quiet_opt"; then
+		test_stderr ""
+	else
+		test_stderr "no pathspec given."
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-q with multiple args' '
+	expect "" &&
+	test_check_ignore "-q one two" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: --quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--quiet with multiple args' '
+	expect "" &&
+	test_check_ignore "--quiet one two" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: --quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+'
+
+for verbose_opt in '-v' '--verbose'
+do
+	for quiet_opt in '-q' '--quiet'
+	do
+		test_expect_success "$quiet_opt $verbose_opt" "
+			expect '' &&
+			test_check_ignore '$quiet_opt $verbose_opt foo' 128 &&
+			stderr_contains 'fatal: cannot have both --quiet and --verbose'
+		"
+	done
+done
+
+test_expect_success '--quiet with multiple args' '
+	expect "" &&
+	test_check_ignore "--quiet one two" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: --quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'erroneous use of --' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "--" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: no path specified"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi '--stdin with superfluous arg' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "--stdin foo" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi '--stdin -z with superfluous arg' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "--stdin -z foo" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi '-z without --stdin' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "-z" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: -z only makes sense with --stdin"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi '-z without --stdin and superfluous arg' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "-z foo" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: -z only makes sense with --stdin"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'needs work tree' '' '
+	(
+		cd .git &&
+		test_check_ignore "foo" 128
+	) &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: This operation must be run in a work tree"
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test standard ignores
+
+# First make sure that the presence of a file in the working tree
+# does not impact results, but that the presence of a file in the
+# index does.
+
+for subdir in '' 'a/'
+do
+	if test -z "$subdir"
+	then
+		where="at top-level"
+	else
+		where="in subdir $subdir"
+	fi
+
+	test_expect_success_multi "non-existent file $where not ignored" '' "
+		test_check_ignore '${subdir}non-existent' 1
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success_multi "non-existent file $where ignored" \
+		".gitignore:1:one	${subdir}one" "
+		test_check_ignore '${subdir}one'
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success_multi "existing untracked file $where not ignored" '' "
+		test_check_ignore '${subdir}not-ignored' 1
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success_multi "existing tracked file $where not ignored" '' "
+		test_check_ignore '${subdir}ignored-but-in-index' 1
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success_multi "existing untracked file $where ignored" \
+		".gitignore:2:ignored-*	${subdir}ignored-and-untracked" "
+		test_check_ignore '${subdir}ignored-and-untracked'
+	"
+done
+
+# Having established the above, from now on we mostly test against
+# files which do not exist in the working tree or index.
+
+test_expect_success 'sub-directory local ignore' '
+	expect "a/3-three" &&
+	test_check_ignore "a/3-three a/three-not-this-one"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sub-directory local ignore with --verbose'  '
+	expect "a/.gitignore:2:*three	a/3-three" &&
+	test_check_ignore "--verbose a/3-three a/three-not-this-one"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local ignore inside a sub-directory' '
+	expect "3-three" &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "3-three three-not-this-one"
+	)
+'
+test_expect_success 'local ignore inside a sub-directory with --verbose' '
+	expect "a/.gitignore:2:*three	3-three" &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "--verbose 3-three three-not-this-one"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'nested include' \
+	'a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one' '
+	test_check_ignore "a/b/one"
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test ignored sub-directories
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'ignored sub-directory' \
+	'a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	a/b/ignored-dir' '
+	test_check_ignore "a/b/ignored-dir"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple files inside ignored sub-directory' '
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		a/b/ignored-dir/foo
+		a/b/ignored-dir/twoooo
+		a/b/ignored-dir/seven
+	EOF
+	test_check_ignore "a/b/ignored-dir/foo a/b/ignored-dir/twoooo a/b/ignored-dir/seven"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple files inside ignored sub-directory with -v' '
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	a/b/ignored-dir/foo
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	a/b/ignored-dir/twoooo
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	a/b/ignored-dir/seven
+	EOF
+	test_check_ignore "-v a/b/ignored-dir/foo a/b/ignored-dir/twoooo a/b/ignored-dir/seven"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cd to ignored sub-directory' '
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		foo
+		twoooo
+		../one
+		seven
+		../../one
+	EOF
+	(
+		cd a/b/ignored-dir &&
+		test_check_ignore "foo twoooo ../one seven ../../one"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cd to ignored sub-directory with -v' '
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	foo
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	twoooo
+		a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	../one
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	seven
+		.gitignore:1:one	../../one
+	EOF
+	(
+		cd a/b/ignored-dir &&
+		test_check_ignore "-v foo twoooo ../one seven ../../one"
+	)
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test handling of symlinks
+
+test_expect_success_multi SYMLINKS 'symlink' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "a/symlink" 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi SYMLINKS 'beyond a symlink' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "a/symlink/foo" 128 &&
+	test_stderr "fatal: '\''a/symlink/foo'\'' is beyond a symbolic link"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi SYMLINKS 'beyond a symlink from subdirectory' '' '
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "symlink/foo" 128
+	) &&
+	test_stderr "fatal: '\''symlink/foo'\'' is beyond a symbolic link"
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test handling of submodules
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'submodule' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "a/submodule/one" 128 &&
+	test_stderr "fatal: Path '\''a/submodule/one'\'' is in submodule '\''a/submodule'\''"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'submodule from subdirectory' '' '
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "submodule/one" 128
+	) &&
+	test_stderr "fatal: Path '\''a/submodule/one'\'' is in submodule '\''a/submodule'\''"
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test handling of global ignore files
+
+test_expect_success 'global ignore not yet enabled' '
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		.git/info/exclude:7:per-repo	per-repo
+		a/.gitignore:2:*three	a/globalthree
+		.git/info/exclude:7:per-repo	a/per-repo
+	EOF
+	test_check_ignore "-v globalone per-repo a/globalthree a/per-repo not-ignored a/globaltwo"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'global ignore' '
+	enable_global_excludes &&
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		globalone
+		per-repo
+		globalthree
+		a/globalthree
+		a/per-repo
+		globaltwo
+	EOF
+	test_check_ignore "globalone per-repo globalthree a/globalthree a/per-repo not-ignored globaltwo"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'global ignore with -v' '
+	enable_global_excludes &&
+	expect_from_stdin <<-EOF &&
+		$global_excludes:1:globalone	globalone
+		.git/info/exclude:7:per-repo	per-repo
+		$global_excludes:3:globalthree	globalthree
+		a/.gitignore:2:*three	a/globalthree
+		.git/info/exclude:7:per-repo	a/per-repo
+		$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	globaltwo
+	EOF
+	test_check_ignore "-v globalone per-repo globalthree a/globalthree a/per-repo not-ignored globaltwo"
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test --stdin
+
+cat <<-\EOF >stdin
+	one
+	not-ignored
+	a/one
+	a/not-ignored
+	a/b/on
+	a/b/one
+	a/b/one one
+	"a/b/one two"
+	"a/b/one\"three"
+	a/b/not-ignored
+	a/b/two
+	a/b/twooo
+	globaltwo
+	a/globaltwo
+	a/b/globaltwo
+	b/globaltwo
+EOF
+cat <<-\EOF >expected-default
+	one
+	a/one
+	a/b/on
+	a/b/one
+	a/b/one one
+	a/b/one two
+	"a/b/one\"three"
+	a/b/two
+	a/b/twooo
+	globaltwo
+	a/globaltwo
+	a/b/globaltwo
+	b/globaltwo
+EOF
+cat <<-EOF >expected-verbose
+	.gitignore:1:one	one
+	.gitignore:1:one	a/one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/on
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one two
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	"a/b/one\"three"
+	a/b/.gitignore:9:!two	a/b/two
+	a/.gitignore:1:two*	a/b/twooo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	a/globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	a/b/globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	b/globaltwo
+EOF
+
+sed -e 's/^"//' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' stdin | \
+	tr "\n" "\0" >stdin0
+sed -e 's/^"//' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' expected-default | \
+	tr "\n" "\0" >expected-default0
+sed -e 's/	"/	/' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' expected-verbose | \
+	tr ":\t\n" "\0" >expected-verbose0
+
+test_expect_success '--stdin' '
+	expect_from_stdin <expected-default &&
+	test_check_ignore "--stdin" <stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--stdin -q' '
+	expect "" &&
+	test_check_ignore "-q --stdin" <stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--stdin -v' '
+	expect_from_stdin <expected-verbose &&
+	test_check_ignore "-v --stdin" <stdin
+'
+
+for opts in '--stdin -z' '-z --stdin'
+do
+	test_expect_success "$opts" "
+		expect_from_stdin <expected-default0 &&
+		test_check_ignore '$opts' <stdin0
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success "$opts -q" "
+		expect "" &&
+		test_check_ignore '-q $opts' <stdin0
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success "$opts -v" "
+		expect_from_stdin <expected-verbose0 &&
+		test_check_ignore '-v $opts' <stdin0
+	"
+done
+
+cat <<-\EOF >stdin
+	../one
+	../not-ignored
+	one
+	not-ignored
+	b/on
+	b/one
+	b/one one
+	"b/one two"
+	"b/one\"three"
+	b/two
+	b/not-ignored
+	b/twooo
+	../globaltwo
+	globaltwo
+	b/globaltwo
+	../b/globaltwo
+EOF
+cat <<-\EOF >expected-default
+	../one
+	one
+	b/on
+	b/one
+	b/one one
+	b/one two
+	"b/one\"three"
+	b/two
+	b/twooo
+	../globaltwo
+	globaltwo
+	b/globaltwo
+	../b/globaltwo
+EOF
+cat <<-EOF >expected-verbose
+	.gitignore:1:one	../one
+	.gitignore:1:one	one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/on
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/one one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/one two
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	"b/one\"three"
+	a/b/.gitignore:9:!two	b/two
+	a/.gitignore:1:two*	b/twooo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	../globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	b/globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	../b/globaltwo
+EOF
+
+sed -e 's/^"//' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' stdin | \
+	tr "\n" "\0" >stdin0
+sed -e 's/^"//' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' expected-default | \
+	tr "\n" "\0" >expected-default0
+sed -e 's/	"/	/' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' expected-verbose | \
+	tr ":\t\n" "\0" >expected-verbose0
+
+test_expect_success '--stdin from subdirectory' '
+	expect_from_stdin <expected-default &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "--stdin" <../stdin
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--stdin from subdirectory with -v' '
+	expect_from_stdin <expected-verbose &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "--stdin -v" <../stdin
+	)
+'
+
+for opts in '--stdin -z' '-z --stdin'
+do
+	test_expect_success "$opts from subdirectory" '
+		expect_from_stdin <expected-default0 &&
+		(
+			cd a &&
+			test_check_ignore "'"$opts"'" <../stdin0
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$opts from subdirectory with -v" '
+		expect_from_stdin <expected-verbose0 &&
+		(
+			cd a &&
+			test_check_ignore "'"$opts"' -v" <../stdin0
+		)
+	'
+done
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh b/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
index 5378787..4e9fa3c 100755
--- a/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
+++ b/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,6 @@
 test_description='respect crlf in git archive'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-GIT_UNZIP=${GIT_UNZIP:-unzip}
-
-test_lazy_prereq UNZIP '
-	"$GIT_UNZIP" -v
-	test $? -ne 127
-'
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
diff --git a/t/t0030-stripspace.sh b/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
index ccb0a3c..a8e84d8 100755
--- a/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
+++ b/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
@@ -397,4 +397,39 @@ test_expect_success 'strip comments, too' '
 	test -z "$(echo "# comment" | git stripspace -s)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'strip comments with changed comment char' '
+	test ! -z "$(echo "; comment" | git -c core.commentchar=";" stripspace)" &&
+	test -z "$(echo "; comment" | git -c core.commentchar=";" stripspace -s)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-c with single line' '
+	printf "# foo\n" >expect &&
+	printf "foo" | git stripspace -c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-c with single line followed by empty line' '
+	printf "# foo\n#\n" >expect &&
+	printf "foo\n\n" | git stripspace -c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-c with newline only' '
+	printf "#\n" >expect &&
+	printf "\n" | git stripspace -c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--comment-lines with single line' '
+	printf "# foo\n" >expect &&
+	printf "foo" | git stripspace -c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-c with changed comment char' '
+	printf "; foo\n" >expect &&
+	printf "foo" | git -c core.commentchar=";" stripspace -c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1006-cat-file.sh b/t/t1006-cat-file.sh
index d8b7f2f..9cc5c6b 100755
--- a/t/t1006-cat-file.sh
+++ b/t/t1006-cat-file.sh
@@ -116,9 +116,9 @@ tree_pretty_content="100644 blob $hello_sha1	hello"
 
 run_tests 'tree' $tree_sha1 $tree_size "" "$tree_pretty_content"
 
-commit_message="Intial commit"
+commit_message="Initial commit"
 commit_sha1=$(echo_without_newline "$commit_message" | git commit-tree $tree_sha1)
-commit_size=176
+commit_size=177
 commit_content="tree $tree_sha1
 author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> 0000000000 +0000
 committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 0000000000 +0000
@@ -135,14 +135,11 @@ tag_description="This is a tag"
 tag_content="$tag_header_without_timestamp 0000000000 +0000
 
 $tag_description"
-tag_pretty_content="$tag_header_without_timestamp Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 +0000
-
-$tag_description"
 
 tag_sha1=$(echo_without_newline "$tag_content" | git mktag)
 tag_size=$(strlen "$tag_content")
 
-run_tests 'tag' $tag_sha1 $tag_size "$tag_content" "$tag_pretty_content" 1
+run_tests 'tag' $tag_sha1 $tag_size "$tag_content" "$tag_content" 1
 
 test_expect_success \
     "Reach a blob from a tag pointing to it" \
diff --git a/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh b/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh
index 5c0053a..0c74bee 100755
--- a/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh
+++ b/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh
@@ -250,4 +250,28 @@ EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkout without --ignore-skip-worktree-bits' '
+	echo "*" >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	git checkout -f top &&
+	test_path_is_file init.t &&
+	echo sub >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	git checkout &&
+	echo modified >> sub/added &&
+	git checkout . &&
+	test_path_is_missing init.t &&
+	git diff --exit-code HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout with --ignore-skip-worktree-bits' '
+	echo "*" >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	git checkout -f top &&
+	test_path_is_file init.t &&
+	echo sub >.git/info/sparse-checkout &&
+	git checkout &&
+	echo modified >> sub/added &&
+	git checkout --ignore-skip-worktree-bits . &&
+	test_path_is_file init.t &&
+	git diff --exit-code HEAD
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1060-object-corruption.sh b/t/t1060-object-corruption.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3f87051
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1060-object-corruption.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='see how we handle various forms of corruption'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# convert "1234abcd" to ".git/objects/12/34abcd"
+obj_to_file() {
+	echo "$(git rev-parse --git-dir)/objects/$(git rev-parse "$1" | sed 's,..,&/,')"
+}
+
+# Convert byte at offset "$2" of object "$1" into '\0'
+corrupt_byte() {
+	obj_file=$(obj_to_file "$1") &&
+	chmod +w "$obj_file" &&
+	printf '\0' | dd of="$obj_file" bs=1 seek="$2" conv=notrunc
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup corrupt repo' '
+	git init bit-error &&
+	(
+		cd bit-error &&
+		test_commit content &&
+		corrupt_byte HEAD:content.t 10
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repo with missing object' '
+	git init missing &&
+	(
+		cd missing &&
+		test_commit content &&
+		rm -f "$(obj_to_file HEAD:content.t)"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repo with misnamed object' '
+	git init misnamed &&
+	(
+		cd misnamed &&
+		test_commit content &&
+		good=$(obj_to_file HEAD:content.t) &&
+		blob=$(echo corrupt | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		bad=$(obj_to_file $blob) &&
+		rm -f "$good" &&
+		mv "$bad" "$good"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'streaming a corrupt blob fails' '
+	(
+		cd bit-error &&
+		test_must_fail git cat-file blob HEAD:content.t
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'read-tree -u detects bit-errors in blobs' '
+	(
+		cd bit-error &&
+		rm -f content.t &&
+		test_must_fail git read-tree --reset -u HEAD
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'read-tree -u detects missing objects' '
+	(
+		cd missing &&
+		rm -f content.t &&
+		test_must_fail git read-tree --reset -u HEAD
+	)
+'
+
+# We use --bare to make sure that the transport detects it, not the checkout
+# phase.
+test_expect_success 'clone --no-local --bare detects corruption' '
+	test_must_fail git clone --no-local --bare bit-error corrupt-transport
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --no-local --bare detects missing object' '
+	test_must_fail git clone --no-local --bare missing missing-transport
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --no-local --bare detects misnamed object' '
+	test_must_fail git clone --no-local --bare misnamed misnamed-transport
+'
+
+# We do not expect --local to detect corruption at the transport layer,
+# so we are really checking the checkout() code path.
+test_expect_success 'clone --local detects corruption' '
+	test_must_fail git clone --local bit-error corrupt-checkout
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'error detected during checkout leaves repo intact' '
+	test_path_is_dir corrupt-checkout/.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --local detects missing objects' '
+	test_must_fail git clone --local missing missing-checkout
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'clone --local detects misnamed objects' '
+	test_must_fail git clone --local misnamed misnamed-checkout
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh b/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
index 3c96fda..c4a7d84 100755
--- a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
+++ b/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
@@ -1087,4 +1087,39 @@ test_expect_success 'barf on incomplete string' '
 	grep " line 3 " error
 '
 
+# good section hygiene
+test_expect_failure 'unsetting the last key in a section removes header' '
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	# some generic comment on the configuration file itself
+	# a comment specific to this "section" section.
+	[section]
+	# some intervening lines
+	# that should also be dropped
+
+	key = value
+	# please be careful when you update the above variable
+	EOF
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	# some generic comment on the configuration file itself
+	EOF
+
+	git config --unset section.key &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'adding a key into an empty section reuses header' '
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[section]
+	EOF
+
+	q_to_tab >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	[section]
+	Qkey = value
+	EOF
+
+	git config section.key value
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1450-fsck.sh b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
index 08aa24c..d730734 100755
--- a/t/t1450-fsck.sh
+++ b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
@@ -237,4 +237,35 @@ test_expect_success 'fsck notices submodule entry pointing to null sha1' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fsck notices "." and ".." in trees' '
+	(
+		git init dots &&
+		cd dots &&
+		blob=$(echo foo | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		tab=$(printf "\\t") &&
+		git mktree <<-EOF &&
+		100644 blob $blob$tab.
+		100644 blob $blob$tab..
+		EOF
+		git fsck 2>out &&
+		cat out &&
+		grep "warning.*\\." out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck notices ".git" in trees' '
+	(
+		git init dotgit &&
+		cd dotgit &&
+		blob=$(echo foo | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		tab=$(printf "\\t") &&
+		git mktree <<-EOF &&
+		100644 blob $blob$tab.git
+		EOF
+		git fsck 2>out &&
+		cat out &&
+		grep "warning.*\\.git" out
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1509/prepare-chroot.sh b/t/t1509/prepare-chroot.sh
index c5334a8..6269117 100755
--- a/t/t1509/prepare-chroot.sh
+++ b/t/t1509/prepare-chroot.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ xmkdir() {
 
 R="$1"
 
-[ -n "$R" ] || die "Usage: prepare-chroot.sh <root>"
+[ -n "$R" ] || die "usage: prepare-chroot.sh <root>"
 [ -x git ] || die "This script needs to be executed at git source code's top directory"
 [ -x /bin/busybox ] || die "You need busybox"
 
diff --git a/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh b/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
index 80aedfc..cf2ee78 100755
--- a/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
+++ b/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
@@ -517,6 +517,25 @@ test_expect_success '#16c: bare .git has no worktree' '
 		"$here/16c/.git" "(null)" "$here/16c/sub" "(null)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success '#16d: bareness preserved across alias' '
+	setup_repo 16d unset "" unset &&
+	(
+		cd 16d/.git &&
+		test_must_fail git status &&
+		git config alias.st status &&
+		test_must_fail git st
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '#16e: bareness preserved by --bare' '
+	setup_repo 16e unset "" unset &&
+	(
+		cd 16e/.git &&
+		test_must_fail git status &&
+		test_must_fail git --bare status
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success '#17: GIT_WORK_TREE without explicit GIT_DIR is accepted (bare case)' '
 	# Just like #16.
 	setup_repo 17a unset "" true &&
diff --git a/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh b/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
index 70edbb3..06b18f8 100755
--- a/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ test_expect_success '"reset <submodule>" updates the index' '
 	git update-index --refresh &&
 	git diff-files --quiet &&
 	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD &&
-	test_must_fail git reset HEAD^ submodule &&
+	git reset HEAD^ submodule &&
 	test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
 	git reset submodule &&
 	git diff-files --quiet
diff --git a/t/t2022-checkout-paths.sh b/t/t2022-checkout-paths.sh
index 56090d2..8e3545d 100755
--- a/t/t2022-checkout-paths.sh
+++ b/t/t2022-checkout-paths.sh
@@ -39,4 +39,26 @@ test_expect_success 'checking out paths out of a tree does not clobber unrelated
 	test_cmp expect.next2 dir/next2
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'do not touch unmerged entries matching $path but not in $tree' '
+	git checkout next &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	cat dir/common >expect.common &&
+	EMPTY_SHA1=$(git hash-object -w --stdin </dev/null) &&
+	git rm dir/next0 &&
+	cat >expect.next0 <<-EOF &&
+	100644 $EMPTY_SHA1 1	dir/next0
+	100644 $EMPTY_SHA1 2	dir/next0
+	EOF
+	git update-index --index-info <expect.next0 &&
+
+	git checkout master dir &&
+
+	test_cmp expect.common dir/common &&
+	test_path_is_file dir/master &&
+	git diff --exit-code master dir/master &&
+	git ls-files -s dir/next0 >actual.next0 &&
+	test_cmp expect.next0 actual.next0
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2030-unresolve-info.sh b/t/t2030-unresolve-info.sh
index f262065..309199b 100755
--- a/t/t2030-unresolve-info.sh
+++ b/t/t2030-unresolve-info.sh
@@ -44,14 +44,21 @@ prime_resolve_undo () {
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	mkdir fi &&
+	printf "a\0a" >binary &&
+	git add binary &&
 	test_commit initial fi/le first &&
 	git branch side &&
 	git branch another &&
+	printf "a\0b" >binary &&
+	git add binary &&
 	test_commit second fi/le second &&
 	git checkout side &&
 	test_commit third fi/le third &&
+	git branch add-add &&
 	git checkout another &&
 	test_commit fourth fi/le fourth &&
+	git checkout add-add &&
+	test_commit fifth add-differently &&
 	git checkout master
 '
 
@@ -167,4 +174,22 @@ test_expect_success 'rerere and rerere forget (subdirectory)' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rerere forget (binary)' '
+	git checkout -f side &&
+	printf "a\0c" >binary &&
+	git commit -a -m binary &&
+	test_must_fail git merge second &&
+	git rerere forget binary
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rerere forget (add-add conflict)' '
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	echo master >add-differently &&
+	git add add-differently &&
+	git commit -m "add differently" &&
+	test_must_fail git merge fifth &&
+	git rerere forget add-differently 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "no remembered" actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2200-add-update.sh b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
index 4cdebda..b2bd419 100755
--- a/t/t2200-add-update.sh
+++ b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
@@ -80,6 +80,22 @@ test_expect_success 'change gets noticed' '
 
 '
 
+# Note that this is scheduled to change in Git 2.0, when
+# "git add -u" will become full-tree by default.
+test_expect_success 'non-limited update in subdir leaves root alone' '
+	(
+		cd dir1 &&
+		echo even more >>sub2 &&
+		git add -u
+	) &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	check
+	top
+	EOF
+	git diff-files --name-only >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'replace a file with a symlink' '
 
 	rm foo &&
@@ -150,9 +166,9 @@ test_expect_success 'add -u resolves unmerged paths' '
 	echo 2 >path3 &&
 	echo 2 >path5 &&
 
-	# Explicit resolving by adding removed paths should fail
-	test_must_fail git add path4 &&
-	test_must_fail git add path6 &&
+	# Fail to explicitly resolve removed paths with "git add"
+	test_must_fail git add --no-all path4 &&
+	test_must_fail git add --no-all path6 &&
 
 	# "add -u" should notice removals no matter what stages
 	# the index entries are in.
diff --git a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
index dc2f045..4e3735f 100755
--- a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
+++ b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      test_cmp expect output'
 
 test_expect_success 'restore gitignore' '
-	git checkout $allignores &&
+	git checkout --ignore-skip-worktree-bits $allignores &&
 	rm .git/index
 '
 
@@ -214,10 +214,77 @@ test_expect_success 'subdirectory ignore (l1)' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'show/hide empty ignored directory (setup)' '
+	rm top/l1/l2/l1 &&
+	rm top/l1/.gitignore
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'show empty ignored directory with --directory' '
+	(
+		cd top &&
+		git ls-files -o -i --exclude l1 --directory
+	) >actual &&
+	echo l1/ >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hide empty ignored directory with --no-empty-directory' '
+	(
+		cd top &&
+		git ls-files -o -i --exclude l1 --directory --no-empty-directory
+	) >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'show/hide empty ignored sub-directory (setup)' '
+	> top/l1/tracked &&
+	(
+		cd top &&
+		git add -f l1/tracked
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'show empty ignored sub-directory with --directory' '
+	(
+		cd top &&
+		git ls-files -o -i --exclude l1 --directory
+	) >actual &&
+	echo l1/l2/ >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hide empty ignored sub-directory with --no-empty-directory' '
+	(
+		cd top &&
+		git ls-files -o -i --exclude l1 --directory --no-empty-directory
+	) >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'pattern matches prefix completely' '
 	: >expect &&
 	git ls-files -i -o --exclude "/three/a.3[abc]" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'ls-files with "**" patterns' '
+	cat <<\EOF >expect &&
+a.1
+one/a.1
+one/two/a.1
+three/a.1
+EOF
+	git ls-files -o -i --exclude "**/a.1" >actual
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files with "**" patterns and no slashes' '
+	: >expect &&
+	git ls-files -o -i --exclude "one**a.1" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3070-wildmatch.sh b/t/t3070-wildmatch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4c37057
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3070-wildmatch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='wildmatch tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+match() {
+    if [ $1 = 1 ]; then
+	test_expect_success "wildmatch:    match '$3' '$4'" "
+	    test-wildmatch wildmatch '$3' '$4'
+	"
+    else
+	test_expect_success "wildmatch: no match '$3' '$4'" "
+	    ! test-wildmatch wildmatch '$3' '$4'
+	"
+    fi
+    if [ $2 = 1 ]; then
+	test_expect_success "fnmatch:      match '$3' '$4'" "
+	    test-wildmatch fnmatch '$3' '$4'
+	"
+    elif [ $2 = 0 ]; then
+	test_expect_success "fnmatch:   no match '$3' '$4'" "
+	    ! test-wildmatch fnmatch '$3' '$4'
+	"
+#    else
+#	test_expect_success BROKEN_FNMATCH "fnmatch:       '$3' '$4'" "
+#	    ! test-wildmatch fnmatch '$3' '$4'
+#	"
+    fi
+}
+
+pathmatch() {
+    if [ $1 = 1 ]; then
+	test_expect_success "pathmatch:    match '$2' '$3'" "
+	    test-wildmatch pathmatch '$2' '$3'
+	"
+    else
+	test_expect_success "pathmatch: no match '$2' '$3'" "
+	    ! test-wildmatch pathmatch '$2' '$3'
+	"
+    fi
+}
+
+# Basic wildmat features
+match 1 1 foo foo
+match 0 0 foo bar
+match 1 1 '' ""
+match 1 1 foo '???'
+match 0 0 foo '??'
+match 1 1 foo '*'
+match 1 1 foo 'f*'
+match 0 0 foo '*f'
+match 1 1 foo '*foo*'
+match 1 1 foobar '*ob*a*r*'
+match 1 1 aaaaaaabababab '*ab'
+match 1 1 'foo*' 'foo\*'
+match 0 0 foobar 'foo\*bar'
+match 1 1 'f\oo' 'f\\oo'
+match 1 1 ball '*[al]?'
+match 0 0 ten '[ten]'
+match 0 1 ten '**[!te]'
+match 0 0 ten '**[!ten]'
+match 1 1 ten 't[a-g]n'
+match 0 0 ten 't[!a-g]n'
+match 1 1 ton 't[!a-g]n'
+match 1 1 ton 't[^a-g]n'
+match 1 x 'a]b' 'a[]]b'
+match 1 x a-b 'a[]-]b'
+match 1 x 'a]b' 'a[]-]b'
+match 0 x aab 'a[]-]b'
+match 1 x aab 'a[]a-]b'
+match 1 1 ']' ']'
+
+# Extended slash-matching features
+match 0 0 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo*bar'
+match 0 0 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo**bar'
+match 0 1 'foobazbar' 'foo**bar'
+match 1 1 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
+match 1 0 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
+match 1 0 'foo/b/a/z/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
+match 1 0 'foo/b/a/z/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
+match 1 0 'foo/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
+match 1 0 'foo/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
+match 0 0 'foo/bar' 'foo?bar'
+match 0 0 'foo/bar' 'foo[/]bar'
+match 0 0 'foo/bar' 'f[^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu]r'
+match 1 1 'foo-bar' 'f[^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu]r'
+match 1 0 'foo' '**/foo'
+match 1 x 'XXX/foo' '**/foo'
+match 1 0 'bar/baz/foo' '**/foo'
+match 0 0 'bar/baz/foo' '*/foo'
+match 0 0 'foo/bar/baz' '**/bar*'
+match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz' '**/bar/*'
+match 0 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/' '**/bar/*'
+match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/' '**/bar/**'
+match 0 0 'deep/foo/bar' '**/bar/*'
+match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/' '**/bar/**'
+match 0 0 'foo/bar/baz' '**/bar**'
+match 1 0 'foo/bar/baz/x' '*/bar/**'
+match 0 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/x' '*/bar/**'
+match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/x' '**/bar/*/*'
+
+# Various additional tests
+match 0 0 'acrt' 'a[c-c]st'
+match 1 1 'acrt' 'a[c-c]rt'
+match 0 0 ']' '[!]-]'
+match 1 x 'a' '[!]-]'
+match 0 0 '' '\'
+match 0 x '\' '\'
+match 0 x 'XXX/\' '*/\'
+match 1 x 'XXX/\' '*/\\'
+match 1 1 'foo' 'foo'
+match 1 1 '@foo' '@foo'
+match 0 0 'foo' '@foo'
+match 1 1 '[ab]' '\[ab]'
+match 1 1 '[ab]' '[[]ab]'
+match 1 x '[ab]' '[[:]ab]'
+match 0 x '[ab]' '[[::]ab]'
+match 1 x '[ab]' '[[:digit]ab]'
+match 1 x '[ab]' '[\[:]ab]'
+match 1 1 '?a?b' '\??\?b'
+match 1 1 'abc' '\a\b\c'
+match 0 0 'foo' ''
+match 1 0 'foo/bar/baz/to' '**/t[o]'
+
+# Character class tests
+match 1 x 'a1B' '[[:alpha:]][[:digit:]][[:upper:]]'
+match 0 x 'a' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 1 x 'A' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 1 x '1' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 0 x '1' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:spaci:]]'
+match 1 x ' ' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 0 x '.' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 1 x '.' '[[:digit:][:punct:][:space:]]'
+match 1 x '5' '[[:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x 'f' '[[:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x 'D' '[[:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x '_' '[[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:graph:][:lower:][:print:][:punct:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x '_' '[[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:graph:][:lower:][:print:][:punct:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x '.' '[^[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:lower:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x '5' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+match 1 x 'b' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+match 1 x 'y' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+match 0 x 'q' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+
+# Additional tests, including some malformed wildmats
+match 1 x ']' '[\\-^]'
+match 0 0 '[' '[\\-^]'
+match 1 x '-' '[\-_]'
+match 1 x ']' '[\]]'
+match 0 0 '\]' '[\]]'
+match 0 0 '\' '[\]]'
+match 0 0 'ab' 'a[]b'
+match 0 x 'a[]b' 'a[]b'
+match 0 x 'ab[' 'ab['
+match 0 0 'ab' '[!'
+match 0 0 'ab' '[-'
+match 1 1 '-' '[-]'
+match 0 0 '-' '[a-'
+match 0 0 '-' '[!a-'
+match 1 x '-' '[--A]'
+match 1 x '5' '[--A]'
+match 1 1 ' ' '[ --]'
+match 1 1 '$' '[ --]'
+match 1 1 '-' '[ --]'
+match 0 0 '0' '[ --]'
+match 1 x '-' '[---]'
+match 1 x '-' '[------]'
+match 0 0 'j' '[a-e-n]'
+match 1 x '-' '[a-e-n]'
+match 1 x 'a' '[!------]'
+match 0 0 '[' '[]-a]'
+match 1 x '^' '[]-a]'
+match 0 0 '^' '[!]-a]'
+match 1 x '[' '[!]-a]'
+match 1 1 '^' '[a^bc]'
+match 1 x '-b]' '[a-]b]'
+match 0 0 '\' '[\]'
+match 1 1 '\' '[\\]'
+match 0 0 '\' '[!\\]'
+match 1 1 'G' '[A-\\]'
+match 0 0 'aaabbb' 'b*a'
+match 0 0 'aabcaa' '*ba*'
+match 1 1 ',' '[,]'
+match 1 1 ',' '[\\,]'
+match 1 1 '\' '[\\,]'
+match 1 1 '-' '[,-.]'
+match 0 0 '+' '[,-.]'
+match 0 0 '-.]' '[,-.]'
+match 1 1 '2' '[\1-\3]'
+match 1 1 '3' '[\1-\3]'
+match 0 0 '4' '[\1-\3]'
+match 1 1 '\' '[[-\]]'
+match 1 1 '[' '[[-\]]'
+match 1 1 ']' '[[-\]]'
+match 0 0 '-' '[[-\]]'
+
+# Test recursion and the abort code (use "wildtest -i" to see iteration counts)
+match 1 1 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-m-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
+match 0 0 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-X-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
+match 0 0 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-/-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
+match 1 1 'XXX/adobe/courier/bold/o/normal//12/120/75/75/m/70/iso8859/1' 'XXX/*/*/*/*/*/*/12/*/*/*/m/*/*/*'
+match 0 0 'XXX/adobe/courier/bold/o/normal//12/120/75/75/X/70/iso8859/1' 'XXX/*/*/*/*/*/*/12/*/*/*/m/*/*/*'
+match 1 0 'abcd/abcdefg/abcdefghijk/abcdefghijklmnop.txt' '**/*a*b*g*n*t'
+match 0 0 'abcd/abcdefg/abcdefghijk/abcdefghijklmnop.txtz' '**/*a*b*g*n*t'
+match 0 x foo '*/*/*'
+match 0 x foo/bar '*/*/*'
+match 1 x foo/bba/arr '*/*/*'
+match 0 x foo/bb/aa/rr '*/*/*'
+match 1 x foo/bb/aa/rr '**/**/**'
+match 1 x abcXdefXghi '*X*i'
+match 0 x ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*X*i'
+match 1 x ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*/*X*/*/*i'
+match 1 x ab/cXd/efXg/hi '**/*X*/**/*i'
+
+pathmatch 1 foo foo
+pathmatch 0 foo fo
+pathmatch 1 foo/bar foo/bar
+pathmatch 1 foo/bar 'foo/*'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo*'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo**'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*arr'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**arr'
+pathmatch 0 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*z'
+pathmatch 0 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**z'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bar 'foo?bar'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bar 'foo[/]bar'
+pathmatch 0 foo '*/*/*'
+pathmatch 0 foo/bar '*/*/*'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr '*/*/*'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bb/aa/rr '*/*/*'
+pathmatch 1 abcXdefXghi '*X*i'
+pathmatch 1 ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*/*X*/*/*i'
+pathmatch 1 ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*Xg*i'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3200-branch.sh b/t/t3200-branch.sh
index 80e6be3..d969f0e 100755
--- a/t/t3200-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t3200-branch.sh
@@ -7,20 +7,18 @@ test_description='git branch assorted tests'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'prepare a trivial repository' \
-    'echo Hello > A &&
-     git update-index --add A &&
-     git commit -m "Initial commit." &&
-     echo World >> A &&
-     git update-index --add A &&
-     git commit -m "Second commit." &&
-     HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch --help should not have created a bogus branch' '
-     test_might_fail git branch --help </dev/null >/dev/null 2>/dev/null &&
-     test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/--help
+test_expect_success 'prepare a trivial repository' '
+	echo Hello >A &&
+	git update-index --add A &&
+	git commit -m "Initial commit." &&
+	echo World >>A &&
+	git update-index --add A &&
+	git commit -m "Second commit." &&
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch --help should not have created a bogus branch' '
+	test_might_fail git branch --help </dev/null >/dev/null 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/--help
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'branch -h in broken repository' '
@@ -34,63 +32,67 @@ test_expect_success 'branch -h in broken repository' '
 	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch abc should create a branch' \
-    'git branch abc && test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/abc'
+test_expect_success 'git branch abc should create a branch' '
+	git branch abc && test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/abc
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch a/b/c should create a branch' \
-    'git branch a/b/c && test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/a/b/c'
+test_expect_success 'git branch a/b/c should create a branch' '
+	git branch a/b/c && test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/a/b/c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch HEAD should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git branch HEAD
+'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 $_z40 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
 EOF
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch -l d/e/f should create a branch and a log' \
-	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-     git branch -l d/e/f &&
-	 test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
-	 test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
-	 test_cmp expect .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch -d d/e/f should delete a branch and a log' \
-	'git branch -d d/e/f &&
-	 test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
-	 test_path_is_missing .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch j/k should work after branch j has been deleted' \
-       'git branch j &&
-        git branch -d j &&
-        git branch j/k'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch l should work after branch l/m has been deleted' \
-       'git branch l/m &&
-        git branch -d l/m &&
-        git branch l'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch -m dumps usage' \
-       'test_expect_code 129 git branch -m 2>err &&
-	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage: git branch" err'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch -m m m/m should work' \
-       'git branch -l m &&
-        git branch -m m m/m &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/m/m'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch -m n/n n should work' \
-       'git branch -l n/n &&
+test_expect_success 'git branch -l d/e/f should create a branch and a log' '
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
+	git branch -l d/e/f &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -d d/e/f should delete a branch and a log' '
+	git branch -d d/e/f &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/d/e/f &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/logs/refs/heads/d/e/f
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch j/k should work after branch j has been deleted' '
+	git branch j &&
+	git branch -d j &&
+	git branch j/k
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch l should work after branch l/m has been deleted' '
+	git branch l/m &&
+	git branch -d l/m &&
+	git branch l
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -m dumps usage' '
+	test_expect_code 128 git branch -m 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "branch name required" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -m m m/m should work' '
+	git branch -l m &&
+	git branch -m m m/m &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/m/m
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -m n/n n should work' '
+	git branch -l n/n &&
 	git branch -m n/n n &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/n'
+	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/n
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -m o/o o should fail when o/p exists' '
 	git branch o/o &&
-        git branch o/p &&
+	git branch o/p &&
 	test_must_fail git branch -m o/o o
 '
 
@@ -248,19 +250,20 @@ mv .git/config-saved .git/config
 
 git config branch.s/s.dummy Hello
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'git branch -m s/s s should work when s/t is deleted' \
-       'git branch -l s/s &&
+test_expect_success 'git branch -m s/s s should work when s/t is deleted' '
+	git branch -l s/s &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/s/s &&
-        git branch -l s/t &&
+	git branch -l s/t &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/s/t &&
-        git branch -d s/t &&
-        git branch -m s/s s &&
-	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/s'
+	git branch -d s/t &&
+	git branch -m s/s s &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/s
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'config information was renamed, too' \
-	"test $(git config branch.s.dummy) = Hello &&
-	 test_must_fail git config branch.s/s/dummy"
+test_expect_success 'config information was renamed, too' '
+	test $(git config branch.s.dummy) = Hello &&
+	test_must_fail git config branch.s/s/dummy
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'deleting a symref' '
 	git branch target &&
@@ -281,8 +284,7 @@ test_expect_success 'deleting a dangling symref' '
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'renaming a symref is not allowed' \
-'
+test_expect_success 'renaming a symref is not allowed' '
 	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/master2 refs/heads/master &&
 	test_must_fail git branch -m master2 master3 &&
 	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/master2 &&
@@ -290,146 +292,191 @@ test_expect_success 'renaming a symref is not allowed' \
 	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/master3
 '
 
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
-    'git branch -m u v should fail when the reflog for u is a symlink' '
-     git branch -l u &&
-     mv .git/logs/refs/heads/u real-u &&
-     ln -s real-u .git/logs/refs/heads/u &&
-     test_must_fail git branch -m u v
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'test tracking setup via --track' \
-    'git config remote.local.url . &&
-     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
-     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
-     git branch --track my1 local/master &&
-     test $(git config branch.my1.remote) = local &&
-     test $(git config branch.my1.merge) = refs/heads/master'
-
-test_expect_success 'test tracking setup (non-wildcard, matching)' \
-    'git config remote.local.url . &&
-     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/local/master &&
-     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
-     git branch --track my4 local/master &&
-     test $(git config branch.my4.remote) = local &&
-     test $(git config branch.my4.merge) = refs/heads/master'
-
-test_expect_success 'test tracking setup (non-wildcard, not matching)' \
-    'git config remote.local.url . &&
-     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/s:refs/remotes/local/s &&
-     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
-     git branch --track my5 local/master &&
-     ! test "$(git config branch.my5.remote)" = local &&
-     ! test "$(git config branch.my5.merge)" = refs/heads/master'
-
-test_expect_success 'test tracking setup via config' \
-    'git config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
-     git config remote.local.url . &&
-     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
-     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
-     git branch my3 local/master &&
-     test $(git config branch.my3.remote) = local &&
-     test $(git config branch.my3.merge) = refs/heads/master'
-
-test_expect_success 'test overriding tracking setup via --no-track' \
-    'git config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
-     git config remote.local.url . &&
-     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
-     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
-     git branch --no-track my2 local/master &&
-     git config branch.autosetupmerge false &&
-     ! test "$(git config branch.my2.remote)" = local &&
-     ! test "$(git config branch.my2.merge)" = refs/heads/master'
-
-test_expect_success 'no tracking without .fetch entries' \
-    'git config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
-     git branch my6 s &&
-     git config branch.automsetupmerge false &&
-     test -z "$(git config branch.my6.remote)" &&
-     test -z "$(git config branch.my6.merge)"'
-
-test_expect_success 'test tracking setup via --track but deeper' \
-    'git config remote.local.url . &&
-     git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
-     (git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/o/o || git fetch local) &&
-     git branch --track my7 local/o/o &&
-     test "$(git config branch.my7.remote)" = local &&
-     test "$(git config branch.my7.merge)" = refs/heads/o/o'
-
-test_expect_success 'test deleting branch deletes branch config' \
-    'git branch -d my7 &&
-     test -z "$(git config branch.my7.remote)" &&
-     test -z "$(git config branch.my7.merge)"'
-
-test_expect_success 'test deleting branch without config' \
-    'git branch my7 s &&
-     sha1=$(git rev-parse my7 | cut -c 1-7) &&
-     echo "Deleted branch my7 (was $sha1)." >expect &&
-     git branch -d my7 >actual 2>&1 &&
-     test_i18ncmp expect actual'
-
-test_expect_success 'test --track without .fetch entries' \
-    'git branch --track my8 &&
-     test "$(git config branch.my8.remote)" &&
-     test "$(git config branch.my8.merge)"'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'branch from non-branch HEAD w/autosetupmerge=always' \
-    'git config branch.autosetupmerge always &&
-     git branch my9 HEAD^ &&
-     git config branch.autosetupmerge false'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'branch from non-branch HEAD w/--track causes failure' \
-    'test_must_fail git branch --track my10 HEAD^'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'branch from tag w/--track causes failure' \
-    'git tag foobar &&
-     test_must_fail git branch --track my11 foobar'
-
-test_expect_success 'use --set-upstream-to modify HEAD' \
-    'test_config branch.master.remote foo &&
-     test_config branch.master.merge foo &&
-     git branch my12
-     git branch --set-upstream-to my12 &&
-     test "$(git config branch.master.remote)" = "." &&
-     test "$(git config branch.master.merge)" = "refs/heads/my12"'
-
-test_expect_success 'use --set-upstream-to modify a particular branch' \
-    'git branch my13
-     git branch --set-upstream-to master my13 &&
-     test "$(git config branch.my13.remote)" = "." &&
-     test "$(git config branch.my13.merge)" = "refs/heads/master"'
-
-test_expect_success '--unset-upstream should fail if given a non-existent branch' \
-    'test_must_fail git branch --unset-upstream i-dont-exist'
-
-test_expect_success 'test --unset-upstream on HEAD' \
-    'git branch my14
-     test_config branch.master.remote foo &&
-     test_config branch.master.merge foo &&
-     git branch --set-upstream-to my14 &&
-     git branch --unset-upstream &&
-     test_must_fail git config branch.master.remote &&
-     test_must_fail git config branch.master.merge &&
-     # fail for a branch without upstream set
-     test_must_fail git branch --unset-upstream
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'test --unset-upstream on a particular branch' \
-    'git branch my15
-     git branch --set-upstream-to master my14 &&
-     git branch --unset-upstream my14 &&
-     test_must_fail git config branch.my14.remote &&
-     test_must_fail git config branch.my14.merge'
-
-test_expect_success '--set-upstream shows message when creating a new branch that exists as remote-tracking' \
-    'git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master HEAD &&
-     git branch --set-upstream origin/master 2>actual &&
-     test_when_finished git update-ref -d refs/remotes/origin/master &&
-     test_when_finished git branch -d origin/master &&
-     cat >expected <<EOF &&
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git branch -m u v should fail when the reflog for u is a symlink' '
+	git branch -l u &&
+	mv .git/logs/refs/heads/u real-u &&
+	ln -s real-u .git/logs/refs/heads/u &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -m u v
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test tracking setup via --track' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --track my1 local/master &&
+	test $(git config branch.my1.remote) = local &&
+	test $(git config branch.my1.merge) = refs/heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test tracking setup (non-wildcard, matching)' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/local/master &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --track my4 local/master &&
+	test $(git config branch.my4.remote) = local &&
+	test $(git config branch.my4.merge) = refs/heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test tracking setup (non-wildcard, not matching)' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/s:refs/remotes/local/s &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --track my5 local/master &&
+	! test "$(git config branch.my5.remote)" = local &&
+	! test "$(git config branch.my5.merge)" = refs/heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test tracking setup via config' '
+	git config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch my3 local/master &&
+	test $(git config branch.my3.remote) = local &&
+	test $(git config branch.my3.merge) = refs/heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test overriding tracking setup via --no-track' '
+	git config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/master || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --no-track my2 local/master &&
+	git config branch.autosetupmerge false &&
+	! test "$(git config branch.my2.remote)" = local &&
+	! test "$(git config branch.my2.merge)" = refs/heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no tracking without .fetch entries' '
+	git config branch.autosetupmerge true &&
+	git branch my6 s &&
+	git config branch.automsetupmerge false &&
+	test -z "$(git config branch.my6.remote)" &&
+	test -z "$(git config branch.my6.merge)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test tracking setup via --track but deeper' '
+	git config remote.local.url . &&
+	git config remote.local.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/local/* &&
+	(git show-ref -q refs/remotes/local/o/o || git fetch local) &&
+	git branch --track my7 local/o/o &&
+	test "$(git config branch.my7.remote)" = local &&
+	test "$(git config branch.my7.merge)" = refs/heads/o/o
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test deleting branch deletes branch config' '
+	git branch -d my7 &&
+	test -z "$(git config branch.my7.remote)" &&
+	test -z "$(git config branch.my7.merge)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test deleting branch without config' '
+	git branch my7 s &&
+	sha1=$(git rev-parse my7 | cut -c 1-7) &&
+	echo "Deleted branch my7 (was $sha1)." >expect &&
+	git branch -d my7 >actual 2>&1 &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --track without .fetch entries' '
+	git branch --track my8 &&
+	test "$(git config branch.my8.remote)" &&
+	test "$(git config branch.my8.merge)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch from non-branch HEAD w/autosetupmerge=always' '
+	git config branch.autosetupmerge always &&
+	git branch my9 HEAD^ &&
+	git config branch.autosetupmerge false
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch from non-branch HEAD w/--track causes failure' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --track my10 HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch from tag w/--track causes failure' '
+	git tag foobar &&
+	test_must_fail git branch --track my11 foobar
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to fails on multiple branches' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --set-upstream-to master a b c
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to fails on detached HEAD' '
+	git checkout HEAD^{} &&
+	test_must_fail git branch --set-upstream-to master &&
+	git checkout -
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to fails on a missing dst branch' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --set-upstream-to master does-not-exist
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to fails on a missing src branch' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --set-upstream-to does-not-exist master
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream-to fails on a non-ref' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --set-upstream-to HEAD^{}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use --set-upstream-to modify HEAD' '
+	test_config branch.master.remote foo &&
+	test_config branch.master.merge foo &&
+	git branch my12
+	git branch --set-upstream-to my12 &&
+	test "$(git config branch.master.remote)" = "." &&
+	test "$(git config branch.master.merge)" = "refs/heads/my12"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use --set-upstream-to modify a particular branch' '
+	git branch my13
+	git branch --set-upstream-to master my13 &&
+	test "$(git config branch.my13.remote)" = "." &&
+	test "$(git config branch.my13.merge)" = "refs/heads/master"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--unset-upstream should fail if given a non-existent branch' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --unset-upstream i-dont-exist
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --unset-upstream on HEAD' '
+	git branch my14
+	test_config branch.master.remote foo &&
+	test_config branch.master.merge foo &&
+	git branch --set-upstream-to my14 &&
+	git branch --unset-upstream &&
+	test_must_fail git config branch.master.remote &&
+	test_must_fail git config branch.master.merge &&
+	# fail for a branch without upstream set
+	test_must_fail git branch --unset-upstream
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--unset-upstream should fail on multiple branches' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --unset-upstream a b c
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--unset-upstream should fail on detached HEAD' '
+	git checkout HEAD^{} &&
+	test_must_fail git branch --unset-upstream &&
+	git checkout -
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --unset-upstream on a particular branch' '
+	git branch my15
+	git branch --set-upstream-to master my14 &&
+	git branch --unset-upstream my14 &&
+	test_must_fail git config branch.my14.remote &&
+	test_must_fail git config branch.my14.merge
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream shows message when creating a new branch that exists as remote-tracking' '
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master HEAD &&
+	git branch --set-upstream origin/master 2>actual &&
+	test_when_finished git update-ref -d refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+	test_when_finished git branch -d origin/master &&
+	cat >expected <<EOF &&
 The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to
 
 If you wanted to make '"'master'"' track '"'origin/master'"', do this:
@@ -437,38 +484,38 @@ If you wanted to make '"'master'"' track '"'origin/master'"', do this:
     git branch -d origin/master
     git branch --set-upstream-to origin/master
 EOF
-     test_cmp expected actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--set-upstream with two args only shows the deprecation message' \
-    'git branch --set-upstream master my13 2>actual &&
-     test_when_finished git branch --unset-upstream master &&
-     cat >expected <<EOF &&
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream with two args only shows the deprecation message' '
+	git branch --set-upstream master my13 2>actual &&
+	test_when_finished git branch --unset-upstream master &&
+	cat >expected <<EOF &&
 The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to
 EOF
-     test_cmp expected actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--set-upstream with one arg only shows the deprecation message if the branch existed' \
-    'git branch --set-upstream my13 2>actual &&
-     test_when_finished git branch --unset-upstream my13 &&
-     cat >expected <<EOF &&
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream with one arg only shows the deprecation message if the branch existed' '
+	git branch --set-upstream my13 2>actual &&
+	test_when_finished git branch --unset-upstream my13 &&
+	cat >expected <<EOF &&
 The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to
 EOF
-     test_cmp expected actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 # Keep this test last, as it changes the current branch
 cat >expect <<EOF
 $_z40 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
 EOF
-test_expect_success \
-    'git checkout -b g/h/i -l should create a branch and a log' \
-	'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
-     git checkout -b g/h/i -l master &&
-	 test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/g/h/i &&
-	 test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/g/h/i &&
-	 test_cmp expect .git/logs/refs/heads/g/h/i'
+test_expect_success 'git checkout -b g/h/i -l should create a branch and a log' '
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-26 23:30" \
+	git checkout -b g/h/i -l master &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/g/h/i &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/g/h/i &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/logs/refs/heads/g/h/i
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout -b makes reflog by default' '
 	git checkout master &&
@@ -739,7 +786,7 @@ test_expect_success 'detect misconfigured autosetuprebase (bad value)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'detect misconfigured autosetuprebase (no value)' '
 	git config --unset branch.autosetuprebase &&
-	echo "[branch] autosetuprebase" >> .git/config &&
+	echo "[branch] autosetuprebase" >>.git/config &&
 	test_must_fail git branch &&
 	git config --unset branch.autosetuprebase
 '
diff --git a/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh b/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh
index f86f4bc..141b061 100755
--- a/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh
+++ b/t/t3201-branch-contains.sh
@@ -55,6 +55,16 @@ test_expect_success 'branch --contains=side' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch --contains with pattern implies --list' '
+
+	git branch --contains=master master >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "  master"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'side: branch --merged' '
 
 	git branch --merged >actual &&
@@ -66,6 +76,16 @@ test_expect_success 'side: branch --merged' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch --merged with pattern implies --list' '
+
+	git branch --merged=side master >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "  master"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'side: branch --no-merged' '
 
 	git branch --no-merged >actual &&
@@ -95,4 +115,19 @@ test_expect_success 'master: branch --no-merged' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch --no-merged with pattern implies --list' '
+
+	git branch --no-merged=master master >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'implicit --list conflicts with modification options' '
+
+	test_must_fail git branch --contains=master -d &&
+	test_must_fail git branch --contains=master -m foo
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3203-branch-output.sh b/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
index 76fe7e0..ba4f98e 100755
--- a/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
+++ b/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
@@ -94,13 +94,13 @@ test_expect_success 'git branch -v pattern does not show branch summaries' '
 	test_must_fail git branch -v branch*
 '
 
-cat >expect <<'EOF'
-* (no branch)
+test_expect_success 'git branch shows detached HEAD properly' '
+	cat >expect <<EOF &&
+* (detached from $(git rev-parse --short HEAD^0))
   branch-one
   branch-two
   master
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'git branch shows detached HEAD properly' '
 	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
 	git branch >actual &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
diff --git a/t/t3400-rebase.sh b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
index 1de0ebd..b58fa1a 100755
--- a/t/t3400-rebase.sh
+++ b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
@@ -101,7 +101,14 @@ test_expect_success 'HEAD was detached during rebase' '
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD@{1}) != $(git rev-parse my-topic-branch@{1})
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase from ambiguous branch name' '
+	git checkout -b topic side &&
+	git rebase master
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'rebase after merge master' '
+	git checkout --detach refs/tags/topic &&
+	git branch -D topic &&
 	git reset --hard topic &&
 	git merge master &&
 	git rebase master &&
@@ -138,8 +145,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase a single mode change' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase is not broken by diff.renames' '
-	git config diff.renames copies &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset diff.renames" &&
+	test_config diff.renames copies &&
 	git checkout filemove &&
 	GIT_TRACE=1 git rebase force-3way
 '
diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
index 8462be1..a58406d 100755
--- a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -934,4 +934,17 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --edit-todo can be used to modify todo' '
 	test L = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i respects core.commentchar' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout E^0 &&
+	test_config core.commentchar "\\" &&
+	write_script remove-all-but-first.sh <<-\EOF &&
+	sed -e "2,\$s/^/\\\\/" "$1" >"$1.tmp" &&
+	mv "$1.tmp" "$1"
+	EOF
+	test_set_editor "$(pwd)/remove-all-but-first.sh" &&
+	git rebase -i B &&
+	test B = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -ne \$p)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh b/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh
index 4e7136b..19c99d7 100755
--- a/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh
+++ b/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh
@@ -55,6 +55,12 @@ one
 two"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick three one two: fails' '
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git reset --hard first &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick three one two:
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'output to keep user entertained during multi-pick' '
 	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
 	[master OBJID] second
diff --git a/t/t3511-cherry-pick-x.sh b/t/t3511-cherry-pick-x.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f977279
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3511-cherry-pick-x.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test cherry-pick -x and -s'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+pristine_detach () {
+	git cherry-pick --quit &&
+	git checkout -f "$1^0" &&
+	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
+	git clean -d -f -f -q -x
+}
+
+mesg_one_line='base: commit message'
+
+mesg_no_footer="$mesg_one_line
+
+OneWordBodyThatsNotA-S-o-B"
+
+mesg_with_footer="$mesg_no_footer
+
+Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+Signed-off-by: A.U. Thor <author@example.com>
+Signed-off-by: B.U. Thor <buthor@example.com>"
+
+mesg_broken_footer="$mesg_no_footer
+
+The signed-off-by string should begin with the words Signed-off-by followed
+by a colon and space, and then the signers name and email address. e.g.
+Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+
+mesg_with_footer_sob="$mesg_with_footer
+Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+
+mesg_with_cherry_footer="$mesg_with_footer_sob
+(cherry picked from commit da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709)
+Tested-by: C.U. Thor <cuthor@example.com>"
+
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	git config advice.detachedhead false &&
+	echo unrelated >unrelated &&
+	git add unrelated &&
+	test_commit initial foo a &&
+	test_commit "$mesg_one_line" foo b mesg-one-line &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_commit "$mesg_no_footer" foo b mesg-no-footer &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_commit "$mesg_broken_footer" foo b mesg-broken-footer &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_commit "$mesg_with_footer" foo b mesg-with-footer &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_commit "$mesg_with_footer_sob" foo b mesg-with-footer-sob &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_commit "$mesg_with_cherry_footer" foo b mesg-with-cherry-footer &&
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_commit conflicting unrelated
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x inserts blank line after one line subject' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-one-line^0` &&
+	git cherry-pick -x mesg-one-line &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_one_line
+
+		(cherry picked from commit $sha1)
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s inserts blank line after one line subject' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	git cherry-pick -s mesg-one-line &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_one_line
+
+		Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s inserts blank line after non-conforming footer' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	git cherry-pick -s mesg-broken-footer &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_broken_footer
+
+		Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x inserts blank line when conforming footer not found' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-no-footer^0` &&
+	git cherry-pick -x mesg-no-footer &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_no_footer
+
+		(cherry picked from commit $sha1)
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s inserts blank line when conforming footer not found' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	git cherry-pick -s mesg-no-footer &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_no_footer
+
+		Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x -s inserts blank line when conforming footer not found' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-no-footer^0` &&
+	git cherry-pick -x -s mesg-no-footer &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_no_footer
+
+		(cherry picked from commit $sha1)
+		Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s adds sob when last sob doesnt match committer' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	git cherry-pick -s mesg-with-footer &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_with_footer
+		Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x -s adds sob when last sob doesnt match committer' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-with-footer^0` &&
+	git cherry-pick -x -s mesg-with-footer &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_with_footer
+		(cherry picked from commit $sha1)
+		Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s refrains from adding duplicate trailing sob' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	git cherry-pick -s mesg-with-footer-sob &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_with_footer_sob
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x -s adds sob even when trailing sob exists for committer' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-with-footer-sob^0` &&
+	git cherry-pick -x -s mesg-with-footer-sob &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_with_footer_sob
+		(cherry picked from commit $sha1)
+		Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x treats "(cherry picked from..." line as part of footer' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-with-cherry-footer^0` &&
+	git cherry-pick -x mesg-with-cherry-footer &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_with_cherry_footer
+		(cherry picked from commit $sha1)
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -s treats "(cherry picked from..." line as part of footer' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	git cherry-pick -s mesg-with-cherry-footer &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_with_cherry_footer
+		Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick -x -s treats "(cherry picked from..." line as part of footer' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	sha1=`git rev-parse mesg-with-cherry-footer^0` &&
+	git cherry-pick -x -s mesg-with-cherry-footer &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+		$mesg_with_cherry_footer
+		(cherry picked from commit $sha1)
+		Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+	EOF
+	git log -1 --pretty=format:%B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3600-rm.sh b/t/t3600-rm.sh
index 37bf5f1..0c44e9f 100755
--- a/t/t3600-rm.sh
+++ b/t/t3600-rm.sh
@@ -622,4 +622,69 @@ test_expect_success 'rm of a populated nested submodule with a nested .git direc
 	rm -rf submod
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rm of d/f when d has become a non-directory' '
+	rm -rf d &&
+	mkdir d &&
+	>d/f &&
+	git add d &&
+	rm -rf d &&
+	>d &&
+	git rm d/f &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify :d/f &&
+	test_path_is_file d
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'rm of d/f when d has become a dangling symlink' '
+	rm -rf d &&
+	mkdir d &&
+	>d/f &&
+	git add d &&
+	rm -rf d &&
+	ln -s nonexistent d &&
+	git rm d/f &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify :d/f &&
+	test -h d &&
+	test_path_is_missing d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of file when it has become a directory' '
+	rm -rf d &&
+	>d &&
+	git add d &&
+	rm -f d &&
+	mkdir d &&
+	>d/f &&
+	test_must_fail git rm d &&
+	git rev-parse --verify :d &&
+	test_path_is_file d/f
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'rm across a symlinked leading path (no index)' '
+	rm -rf d e &&
+	mkdir e &&
+	echo content >e/f &&
+	ln -s e d &&
+	git add -A e d &&
+	git commit -m "symlink d to e, e/f exists" &&
+	test_must_fail git rm d/f &&
+	git rev-parse --verify :d &&
+	git rev-parse --verify :e/f &&
+	test -h d &&
+	test_path_is_file e/f
+'
+
+test_expect_failure SYMLINKS 'rm across a symlinked leading path (w/ index)' '
+	rm -rf d e &&
+	mkdir d &&
+	echo content >d/f &&
+	git add -A e d &&
+	git commit -m "d/f exists" &&
+	mv d e &&
+	ln -s e d &&
+	test_must_fail git rm d/f &&
+	git rev-parse --verify :d/f &&
+	test -h d &&
+	test_path_is_file e/f
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
index 098a6ae..9fab25c 100755
--- a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'split hunk "add -p (edit)"' '
 	# times to get out.
 	#
 	# 2. Correct version applies the (not)edited version, and asks
-	#    about the next hunk, against wich we say q and program
+	#    about the next hunk, against which we say q and program
 	#    exits.
 	for a in s e     q n q q
 	do
diff --git a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
index 90fd598..58d4180 100755
--- a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
@@ -271,6 +271,22 @@ test_expect_success 'multiple files' '
 	ls patches/0001-Side-changes-1.patch patches/0002-Side-changes-2.patch patches/0003-Side-changes-3-with-n-backslash-n-in-it.patch
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reroll count' '
+	rm -fr patches &&
+	git format-patch -o patches --cover-letter --reroll-count 4 master..side >list &&
+	! grep -v "^patches/v4-000[0-3]-" list &&
+	sed -n -e "/^Subject: /p" $(cat list) >subjects &&
+	! grep -v "^Subject: \[PATCH v4 [0-3]/3\] " subjects
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reroll count (-v)' '
+	rm -fr patches &&
+	git format-patch -o patches --cover-letter -v4 master..side >list &&
+	! grep -v "^patches/v4-000[0-3]-" list &&
+	sed -n -e "/^Subject: /p" $(cat list) >subjects &&
+	! grep -v "^Subject: \[PATCH v4 [0-3]/3\] " subjects
+'
+
 check_threading () {
 	expect="$1" &&
 	shift &&
@@ -726,21 +742,21 @@ test_expect_success 'format-patch --signature --cover-letter' '
 	test 2 = $(grep "my sig" output | wc -l)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'format.signature="" supresses signatures' '
+test_expect_success 'format.signature="" suppresses signatures' '
 	git config format.signature "" &&
 	git format-patch --stdout -1 >output &&
 	check_patch output &&
 	! grep "^-- \$" output
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'format-patch --no-signature supresses signatures' '
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --no-signature suppresses signatures' '
 	git config --unset-all format.signature &&
 	git format-patch --stdout --no-signature -1 >output &&
 	check_patch output &&
 	! grep "^-- \$" output
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'format-patch --signature="" supresses signatures' '
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --signature="" suppresses signatures' '
 	git format-patch --stdout --signature="" -1 >output &&
 	check_patch output &&
 	! grep "^-- \$" output
@@ -821,25 +837,26 @@ Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
  =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
  =?UTF-8?q?=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20?=
  =?UTF-8?q?bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
  =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
  =?UTF-8?q?=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20?=
  =?UTF-8?q?bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
  =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
  =?UTF-8?q?=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20?=
  =?UTF-8?q?bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?bar?=
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps extremely long subject (rfc2047)' '
 	rm -rf patches/ &&
@@ -955,6 +972,268 @@ test_expect_success 'empty subject prefix does not have extra space' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+append_signoff()
+{
+	C=$(git commit-tree HEAD^^{tree} -p HEAD) &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --signoff $C^..$C >append_signoff.patch &&
+	sed -n -e "1,/^---$/p" append_signoff.patch |
+		egrep -n "^Subject|Sign|^$"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: commit with no body' '
+	append_signoff </dev/null >actual &&
+	cat <<\EOF | sed "s/EOL$//" >expected &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] EOL
+8:
+9:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: commit with only subject' '
+	echo subject | append_signoff >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+9:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: commit with only subject that does not end with NL' '
+	printf subject | append_signoff >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+9:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: no existing signoffs' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+body
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+10:
+11:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: no existing signoffs and no trailing NL' '
+	printf "subject\n\nbody" | append_signoff >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+10:
+11:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: some random signoff' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+body
+
+Signed-off-by: my@house
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+10:
+11:Signed-off-by: my@house
+12:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: misc conforming footer elements' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+body
+
+Signed-off-by: my@house
+(cherry picked from commit da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709)
+Tested-by: Some One <someone@example.com>
+Bug: 1234
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+10:
+11:Signed-off-by: my@house
+15:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: some random signoff-alike' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+body
+Fooled-by-me: my@house
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+11:
+12:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: not really a signoff' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+I want to mention about Signed-off-by: here.
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+9:I want to mention about Signed-off-by: here.
+10:
+11:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: not really a signoff (2)' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+My unfortunate
+Signed-off-by: example happens to be wrapped here.
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+10:Signed-off-by: example happens to be wrapped here.
+11:
+12:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: valid S-o-b paragraph in the middle' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+Signed-off-by: my@house
+Signed-off-by: your@house
+
+A lot of houses.
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+9:Signed-off-by: my@house
+10:Signed-off-by: your@house
+11:
+13:
+14:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: the same signoff at the end' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+body
+
+Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+10:
+11:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: the same signoff at the end, no trailing NL' '
+	printf "subject\n\nSigned-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>" |
+		append_signoff >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+9:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: the same signoff NOT at the end' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+body
+
+Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+Signed-off-by: my@house
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+10:
+11:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+12:Signed-off-by: my@house
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: detect garbage in non-conforming footer' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+body
+
+Tested-by: my@house
+Some Trash
+Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+10:
+13:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+14:
+15:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff: footer begins with non-signoff without @ sign' '
+	append_signoff <<\EOF >actual &&
+subject
+
+body
+
+Reviewed-id: Noone
+Tested-by: my@house
+Change-id: Ideadbeef
+Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+Bug: 1234
+EOF
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+4:Subject: [PATCH] subject
+8:
+10:
+14:Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'format patch ignores color.ui' '
 	test_unconfig color.ui &&
 	git format-patch --stdout -1 >expect &&
@@ -963,4 +1242,79 @@ test_expect_success 'format patch ignores color.ui' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (1)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter master >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (2)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter rebuild-1~2..rebuild-1 >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (3)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter ^master rebuild-1 >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (4)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter master.. >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (5)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter -2 HEAD >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (6)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter -2 >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter with nothing' '
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter >actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter auto' '
+	mkdir -p tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf tmp;
+		git config --unset format.coverletter" &&
+
+	git config format.coverletter auto &&
+	git format-patch -o tmp -1 >list &&
+	test_line_count = 1 list &&
+	git format-patch -o tmp -2 >list &&
+	test_line_count = 3 list
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter auto user override' '
+	mkdir -p tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf tmp;
+		git config --unset format.coverletter" &&
+
+	git config format.coverletter auto &&
+	git format-patch -o tmp --cover-letter -1 >list &&
+	test_line_count = 2 list &&
+	git format-patch -o tmp --cover-letter -2 >list &&
+	test_line_count = 3 list &&
+	git format-patch -o tmp --no-cover-letter -1 >list &&
+	test_line_count = 1 list &&
+	git format-patch -o tmp --no-cover-letter -2 >list &&
+	test_line_count = 2 list
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
index 082d3e8..38a092a 100755
--- a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
+++ b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
@@ -93,11 +93,6 @@ sed -e '
 	s/song;/song();/
 ' <Beer.perl >Beer-correct.perl
 
-test_config () {
-	git config "$1" "$2" &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset $1"
-}
-
 test_expect_funcname () {
 	lang=${2-java}
 	test_expect_code 1 git diff --no-index -U1 \
diff --git a/t/t4034-diff-words.sh b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
index 40ab333..f2f55fc 100755
--- a/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
+++ b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ test_expect_success '.gitattributes override config' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup: remove diff driver regex' '
-	test_might_fail git config --unset diff.testdriver.wordRegex
+	test_unconfig diff.testdriver.wordRegex
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'use configured regex' '
@@ -335,8 +335,7 @@ test_expect_success 'word-diff with diff.sbe' '
 
 	c
 	EOF
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset diff.suppress-blank-empty" &&
-	git config diff.suppress-blank-empty true &&
+	test_config diff.suppress-blank-empty true &&
 	word_diff --word-diff=plain
 '
 
@@ -368,7 +367,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup history with two files' '
 
 test_expect_success 'wordRegex for the first file does not apply to the second' '
 	echo "*.tex diff=tex" >.gitattributes &&
-	git config diff.tex.wordRegex "[a-z]+|." &&
+	test_config diff.tex.wordRegex "[a-z]+|." &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 		diff --git a/a.tex b/a.tex
 		--- a/a.tex
diff --git a/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh b/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh
index 614425a..1261dbb 100755
--- a/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh
+++ b/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 test_description='combined diff'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
 setup_helper () {
 	one=$1 branch=$2 side=$3 &&
@@ -113,4 +114,243 @@ test_expect_success 'check --cc --raw with forty trees' '
 	grep "^::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::[^:]" out
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup combined ignore spaces' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	>test &&
+	git add test &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >test &&
+	always coalesce
+	eol space coalesce Q
+	space  change coalesce
+	all spa ces coalesce
+	eol spaces Q
+	space  change
+	all spa ces
+	EOF
+	git commit -m "test space change" -a &&
+
+	git checkout -b side HEAD^ &&
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >test &&
+	always coalesce
+	eol space coalesce
+	space change coalesce
+	all spaces coalesce
+	eol spaces
+	space change
+	all spaces
+	EOF
+	git commit -m "test other space changes" -a &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge master &&
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >test &&
+	eol spaces Q
+	space  change
+	all spa ces
+	EOF
+	git commit -m merged -a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check combined output (no ignore space)' '
+	git show >actual.tmp &&
+	sed -e "1,/^@@@/d" < actual.tmp >actual &&
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	--always coalesce
+	- eol space coalesce
+	- space change coalesce
+	- all spaces coalesce
+	- eol spaces
+	- space change
+	- all spaces
+	 -eol space coalesce Q
+	 -space  change coalesce
+	 -all spa ces coalesce
+	+ eol spaces Q
+	+ space  change
+	+ all spa ces
+	EOF
+	compare_diff_patch expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check combined output (ignore space at eol)' '
+	git show --ignore-space-at-eol >actual.tmp &&
+	sed -e "1,/^@@@/d" < actual.tmp >actual &&
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	--always coalesce
+	--eol space coalesce
+	- space change coalesce
+	- all spaces coalesce
+	 -space  change coalesce
+	 -all spa ces coalesce
+	  eol spaces Q
+	- space change
+	- all spaces
+	+ space  change
+	+ all spa ces
+	EOF
+	compare_diff_patch expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check combined output (ignore space change)' '
+	git show -b >actual.tmp &&
+	sed -e "1,/^@@@/d" < actual.tmp >actual &&
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	--always coalesce
+	--eol space coalesce
+	--space change coalesce
+	- all spaces coalesce
+	 -all spa ces coalesce
+	  eol spaces Q
+	  space  change
+	- all spaces
+	+ all spa ces
+	EOF
+	compare_diff_patch expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check combined output (ignore all spaces)' '
+	git show -w >actual.tmp &&
+	sed -e "1,/^@@@/d" < actual.tmp >actual &&
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	--always coalesce
+	--eol space coalesce
+	--space change coalesce
+	--all spaces coalesce
+	  eol spaces Q
+	  space  change
+	  all spa ces
+	EOF
+	compare_diff_patch expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'combine diff coalesce simple' '
+	>test &&
+	git add test &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	test_seq 4 >test &&
+	git commit -a -m empty1 &&
+	git branch side1 &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	test_seq 5 >test &&
+	git commit -a -m empty2 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge side1 &&
+	>test &&
+	git commit -a -m merge &&
+	git show >actual.tmp &&
+	sed -e "1,/^@@@/d" < actual.tmp >actual &&
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	--1
+	--2
+	--3
+	--4
+	- 5
+	EOF
+	compare_diff_patch expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'combine diff coalesce tricky' '
+	>test &&
+	git add test &&
+	git commit -m initial --allow-empty &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >test &&
+	3
+	1
+	2
+	3
+	4
+	EOF
+	git commit -a -m empty1 &&
+	git branch -f side1 &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >test &&
+	1
+	3
+	5
+	4
+	EOF
+	git commit -a -m empty2 &&
+	git branch -f side2 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge side1 &&
+	>test &&
+	git commit -a -m merge &&
+	git show >actual.tmp &&
+	sed -e "1,/^@@@/d" < actual.tmp >actual &&
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	 -3
+	--1
+	 -2
+	--3
+	- 5
+	--4
+	EOF
+	compare_diff_patch expected actual &&
+	git checkout -f side1 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge side2 &&
+	>test &&
+	git commit -a -m merge &&
+	git show >actual.tmp &&
+	sed -e "1,/^@@@/d" < actual.tmp >actual &&
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	- 3
+	--1
+	- 2
+	--3
+	 -5
+	--4
+	EOF
+	compare_diff_patch expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'combine diff coalesce three parents' '
+	>test &&
+	git add test &&
+	git commit -m initial --allow-empty &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >test &&
+	3
+	1
+	2
+	3
+	4
+	EOF
+	git commit -a -m empty1 &&
+	git checkout -B side1 &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >test &&
+	1
+	3
+	7
+	5
+	4
+	EOF
+	git commit -a -m empty2 &&
+	git branch -f side2 &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >test &&
+	3
+	1
+	6
+	5
+	4
+	EOF
+	git commit -a -m empty3 &&
+	>test &&
+	git add test &&
+	TREE=$(git write-tree) &&
+	COMMIT=$(git commit-tree -p HEAD -p side1 -p side2 -m merge $TREE) &&
+	git show $COMMIT >actual.tmp &&
+	sed -e "1,/^@@@/d" < actual.tmp >actual &&
+	tr -d Q <<-\EOF >expected &&
+	-- 3
+	---1
+	-  6
+	 - 2
+	 --3
+	  -7
+	- -5
+	---4
+	EOF
+	compare_diff_patch expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh b/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh
index 91f8198..04a44d5 100755
--- a/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh
+++ b/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh
@@ -106,4 +106,12 @@ test_expect_success 'switching diff driver produces correct results' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+# The point here is to test that we can log the notes cache and still use it to
+# produce a diff later (older versions of git would segfault on this). It's
+# much more likely to come up in the real world with "log --all -p", but using
+# --no-walk lets us reliably reproduce the order of traversal.
+test_expect_success 'log notes cache and still use cache for -p' '
+	git log --no-walk -p refs/notes/textconv/magic HEAD
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh b/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
index 6f6ee88..5d0c598 100755
--- a/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
+++ b/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ test_fix () {
 	# find touched lines
 	$DIFF file target | sed -n -e "s/^> //p" >fixed
 
-	# the changed lines are all expeced to change
+	# the changed lines are all expected to change
 	fixed_cnt=$(wc -l <fixed)
 	case "$1" in
 	'') expect_cnt=$fixed_cnt ;;
@@ -486,4 +486,30 @@ test_expect_success 'same, but with CR-LF line endings && cr-at-eol unset' '
 	test_cmp one expect
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'whitespace=fix to expand' '
+	qz_to_tab_space >preimage <<-\EOF &&
+	QQa
+	QQb
+	QQc
+	ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZd
+	QQe
+	QQf
+	QQg
+	EOF
+	qz_to_tab_space >patch <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/preimage b/preimage
+	--- a/preimage
+	+++ b/preimage
+	@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
+	 QQa
+	 QQb
+	 QQc
+	-QQd
+	 QQe
+	 QQf
+	 QQg
+	EOF
+	git -c core.whitespace=tab-in-indent apply --whitespace=fix patch
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4150-am.sh b/t/t4150-am.sh
index cdafd7e..12f6b02 100755
--- a/t/t4150-am.sh
+++ b/t/t4150-am.sh
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: messages' '
 	vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum.
 
 	EOF
-	q_to_tab <<-\EOF >>msg &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<-\EOF >>msg &&
 	QDuis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit
 	Qesse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis
 	Qat vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit
diff --git a/t/t4202-log.sh b/t/t4202-log.sh
index fa686b8..9243a97 100755
--- a/t/t4202-log.sh
+++ b/t/t4202-log.sh
@@ -419,8 +419,6 @@ test_expect_success 'log --graph with merge' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log.decorate configuration' '
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all log.decorate &&
-
 	git log --oneline >expect.none &&
 	git log --oneline --decorate >expect.short &&
 	git log --oneline --decorate=full >expect.full &&
@@ -429,8 +427,7 @@ test_expect_success 'log.decorate configuration' '
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.short actual &&
 
-	git config --unset-all log.decorate &&
-	git config log.decorate true &&
+	test_config log.decorate true &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.short actual &&
 	git log --oneline --decorate=full >actual &&
@@ -438,8 +435,7 @@ test_expect_success 'log.decorate configuration' '
 	git log --oneline --decorate=no >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.none actual &&
 
-	git config --unset-all log.decorate &&
-	git config log.decorate no &&
+	test_config log.decorate no &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.none actual &&
 	git log --oneline --decorate >actual &&
@@ -447,8 +443,7 @@ test_expect_success 'log.decorate configuration' '
 	git log --oneline --decorate=full >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.full actual &&
 
-	git config --unset-all log.decorate &&
-	git config log.decorate 1 &&
+	test_config log.decorate 1 &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.short actual &&
 	git log --oneline --decorate=full >actual &&
@@ -456,8 +451,7 @@ test_expect_success 'log.decorate configuration' '
 	git log --oneline --decorate=no >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.none actual &&
 
-	git config --unset-all log.decorate &&
-	git config log.decorate short &&
+	test_config log.decorate short &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.short actual &&
 	git log --oneline --no-decorate >actual &&
@@ -465,8 +459,7 @@ test_expect_success 'log.decorate configuration' '
 	git log --oneline --decorate=full >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.full actual &&
 
-	git config --unset-all log.decorate &&
-	git config log.decorate full &&
+	test_config log.decorate full &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.full actual &&
 	git log --oneline --no-decorate >actual &&
@@ -474,16 +467,15 @@ test_expect_success 'log.decorate configuration' '
 	git log --oneline --decorate >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.short actual
 
-	git config --unset-all log.decorate &&
+	test_unconfig log.decorate &&
 	git log --pretty=raw >expect.raw &&
-	git config log.decorate full &&
+	test_config log.decorate full &&
 	git log --pretty=raw >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.raw actual
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reflog is expected format' '
-	test_might_fail git config --remove-section log &&
 	git log -g --abbrev-commit --pretty=oneline >expect &&
 	git reflog >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -496,10 +488,6 @@ test_expect_success 'whatchanged is expected format' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log.abbrevCommit configuration' '
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset log.abbrevCommit" &&
-
-	test_might_fail git config --unset log.abbrevCommit &&
-
 	git log --abbrev-commit >expect.log.abbrev &&
 	git log --no-abbrev-commit >expect.log.full &&
 	git log --pretty=raw >expect.log.raw &&
@@ -508,7 +496,7 @@ test_expect_success 'log.abbrevCommit configuration' '
 	git whatchanged --abbrev-commit >expect.whatchanged.abbrev &&
 	git whatchanged --no-abbrev-commit >expect.whatchanged.full &&
 
-	git config log.abbrevCommit true &&
+	test_config log.abbrevCommit true &&
 
 	git log >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.log.abbrev actual &&
diff --git a/t/t4203-mailmap.sh b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
index 1f182f6..842b754 100755
--- a/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
+++ b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
@@ -149,6 +149,104 @@ test_expect_success 'No mailmap files, but configured' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup mailmap blob tests' '
+	git checkout -b map &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	cat >just-bugs <<-\EOF &&
+	Blob Guy <bugs@company.xx>
+	EOF
+	cat >both <<-\EOF &&
+	Blob Guy <author@example.com>
+	Blob Guy <bugs@company.xx>
+	EOF
+	git add just-bugs both &&
+	git commit -m "my mailmaps" &&
+	echo "Repo Guy <author@example.com>" >.mailmap &&
+	echo "Internal Guy <author@example.com>" >internal.map
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.blob set' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Blob Guy (1):
+	      second
+
+	Repo Guy (1):
+	      initial
+
+	EOF
+	git -c mailmap.blob=map:just-bugs shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.blob overrides .mailmap' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Blob Guy (2):
+	      initial
+	      second
+
+	EOF
+	git -c mailmap.blob=map:both shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.file overrides mailmap.blob' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Blob Guy (1):
+	      second
+
+	Internal Guy (1):
+	      initial
+
+	EOF
+	git \
+	  -c mailmap.blob=map:both \
+	  -c mailmap.file=internal.map \
+	  shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.blob can be missing' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Repo Guy (1):
+	      initial
+
+	nick1 (1):
+	      second
+
+	EOF
+	git -c mailmap.blob=map:nonexistent shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.blob defaults to off in non-bare repo' '
+	git init non-bare &&
+	(
+		cd non-bare &&
+		test_commit one .mailmap "Fake Name <author@example.com>" &&
+		echo "     1	Fake Name" >expect &&
+		git shortlog -ns HEAD >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		rm .mailmap &&
+		echo "     1	A U Thor" >expect &&
+		git shortlog -ns HEAD >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.blob defaults to HEAD:.mailmap in bare repo' '
+	git clone --bare non-bare bare &&
+	(
+		cd bare &&
+		echo "     1	Fake Name" >expect &&
+		git shortlog -ns HEAD >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup after mailmap.blob tests' '
+	rm -f .mailmap
+'
+
 # Extended mailmap configurations should give us the following output for shortlog
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 A U Thor <author@example.com> (1):
@@ -239,6 +337,62 @@ test_expect_success 'Log output (complex mapping)' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Author: CTO <cto@company.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Author: Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Author: Some Dude <some@dude.xx>
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Log output with --use-mailmap' '
+	git log --use-mailmap | grep Author >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Author: CTO <cto@company.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Author: Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Author: Some Dude <some@dude.xx>
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Log output with log.mailmap' '
+	git -c log.mailmap=True log | grep Author >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Grep author with --use-mailmap' '
+	git log --use-mailmap --author Santa | grep Author >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Grep author with log.mailmap' '
+	git -c log.mailmap=True log --author Santa | grep Author >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+>expect
+
+test_expect_success 'Only grep replaced author with --use-mailmap' '
+	git log --use-mailmap --author "<cto@coompany.xx>" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 # git blame
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 ^OBJI (A U Thor     DATE 1) one
diff --git a/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh b/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
index 98a43d4..26fbfde 100755
--- a/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
+++ b/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
@@ -99,4 +99,179 @@ test_expect_failure 'NUL termination with --stat' '
 	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup more commits' '
+	test_commit "message one" one one message-one &&
+	test_commit "message two" two two message-two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%<(40)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<\EOF >expected &&
+message two                            Z
+message one                            Z
+add bar                                Z
+initial                                Z
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting at the nth column' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%h %<|(40)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<\EOF >expected &&
+fa33ab1 message two                    Z
+7cd6c63 message one                    Z
+1711bf9 add bar                        Z
+af20c06 initial                        Z
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with no padding' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%<(1)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	cat <<\EOF >expected &&
+message two
+message one
+add bar
+initial
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with trunc' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%<(10,trunc)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<\EOF >expected &&
+message ..
+message ..
+add bar  Z
+initial  Z
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with ltrunc' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%<(10,ltrunc)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<\EOF >expected &&
+..sage two
+..sage one
+add bar  Z
+initial  Z
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'left alignment formatting with mtrunc' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%<(10,mtrunc)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<\EOF >expected &&
+mess.. two
+mess.. one
+add bar  Z
+initial  Z
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%>(40)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<\EOF >expected &&
+Z                            message two
+Z                            message one
+Z                                add bar
+Z                                initial
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting at the nth column' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%h %>|(40)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<\EOF >expected &&
+fa33ab1                      message two
+7cd6c63                      message one
+1711bf9                          add bar
+af20c06                          initial
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'right alignment formatting with no padding' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%>(1)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	cat <<\EOF >expected &&
+message two
+message one
+add bar
+initial
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'center alignment formatting' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%><(40)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<\EOF >expected &&
+Z             message two              Z
+Z             message one              Z
+Z               add bar                Z
+Z               initial                Z
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'center alignment formatting at the nth column' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%h %><|(40)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	qz_to_tab_space <<\EOF >expected &&
+fa33ab1           message two          Z
+7cd6c63           message one          Z
+1711bf9             add bar            Z
+af20c06             initial            Z
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'center alignment formatting with no padding' '
+	git log --pretty="format:%><(1)%s" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	cat <<\EOF >expected &&
+message two
+message one
+add bar
+initial
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'left/right alignment formatting with stealing' '
+	git commit --amend -m short --author "long long long <long@me.com>" &&
+	git log --pretty="format:%<(10,trunc)%s%>>(10,ltrunc)% an" >actual &&
+	# complete the incomplete line at the end
+	echo >>actual &&
+	cat <<\EOF >expected &&
+short long  long long
+message ..   A U Thor
+add bar      A U Thor
+initial      A U Thor
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4207-log-decoration-colors.sh b/t/t4207-log-decoration-colors.sh
index bbde31b..925f577 100755
--- a/t/t4207-log-decoration-colors.sh
+++ b/t/t4207-log-decoration-colors.sh
@@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-${c_commit}COMMIT_ID (${c_HEAD}HEAD${c_reset}${c_commit},\
+${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_HEAD}HEAD${c_reset}${c_commit},\
  ${c_tag}tag: v1.0${c_reset}${c_commit},\
  ${c_tag}tag: B${c_reset}${c_commit},\
  ${c_branch}master${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset} B
-${c_commit}COMMIT_ID (${c_tag}tag: A1${c_reset}${c_commit},\
+${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_tag}tag: A1${c_reset}${c_commit},\
  ${c_remoteBranch}other/master${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset} A1
-${c_commit}COMMIT_ID (${c_stash}refs/stash${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset}\
+${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_stash}refs/stash${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset}\
  On master: Changes to A.t
-${c_commit}COMMIT_ID (${c_tag}tag: A${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset} A
+${c_commit}COMMIT_ID${c_reset}${c_commit} (${c_tag}tag: A${c_reset}${c_commit})${c_reset} A
 EOF
 
 # We want log to show all, but the second parent to refs/stash is irrelevant
diff --git a/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh b/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh
index 2c482b6..72300b5 100755
--- a/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh
+++ b/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh
@@ -11,11 +11,24 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	mkdir sub
 '
 
-test_expect_success '"git log :/" should be ambiguous' '
-	test_must_fail git log :/ 2>error &&
+test_expect_success '"git log :/" should not be ambiguous' '
+	git log :/
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git log :/a" should be ambiguous (applied both rev and worktree)' '
+	: >a &&
+	test_must_fail git log :/a 2>error &&
 	grep ambiguous error
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"git log :/a -- " should not be ambiguous' '
+	git log :/a --
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git log -- :/a" should not be ambiguous' '
+	git log -- :/a
+'
+
 test_expect_success '"git log :" should be ambiguous' '
 	test_must_fail git log : 2>error &&
 	grep ambiguous error
diff --git a/t/t4209-log-pickaxe.sh b/t/t4209-log-pickaxe.sh
index eed7273..38fb80f 100755
--- a/t/t4209-log-pickaxe.sh
+++ b/t/t4209-log-pickaxe.sh
@@ -80,6 +80,20 @@ test_expect_success 'log -G -i (match)' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'log -G --textconv (missing textconv tool)' '
+	echo "* diff=test" >.gitattributes &&
+	test_must_fail git -c diff.test.textconv=missing log -Gfoo &&
+	rm .gitattributes
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -G --no-textconv (missing textconv tool)' '
+	echo "* diff=test" >.gitattributes &&
+	git -c diff.test.textconv=missing log -Gfoo --no-textconv >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	rm .gitattributes
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'log -S (nomatch)' '
 	git log -Spicked --format=%H >actual &&
 	>expect &&
@@ -116,4 +130,18 @@ test_expect_success 'log -S -i (nomatch)' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'log -S --textconv (missing textconv tool)' '
+	echo "* diff=test" >.gitattributes &&
+	test_must_fail git -c diff.test.textconv=missing log -Sfoo &&
+	rm .gitattributes
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -S --no-textconv (missing textconv tool)' '
+	echo "* diff=test" >.gitattributes &&
+	git -c diff.test.textconv=missing log -Sfoo --no-textconv >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	rm .gitattributes
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4210-log-i18n.sh b/t/t4210-log-i18n.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..52a7472
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4210-log-i18n.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test log with i18n features'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# two forms of é
+utf8_e=$(printf '\303\251')
+latin1_e=$(printf '\351')
+
+test_expect_success 'create commits in different encodings' '
+	test_tick &&
+	cat >msg <<-EOF &&
+	utf8
+
+	t${utf8_e}st
+	EOF
+	git add msg &&
+	git -c i18n.commitencoding=utf8 commit -F msg &&
+	cat >msg <<-EOF &&
+	latin1
+
+	t${latin1_e}st
+	EOF
+	git add msg &&
+	git -c i18n.commitencoding=ISO-8859-1 commit -F msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep searches in log output encoding (utf8)' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	latin1
+	utf8
+	EOF
+	git log --encoding=utf8 --format=%s --grep=$utf8_e >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep searches in log output encoding (latin1)' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	latin1
+	utf8
+	EOF
+	git log --encoding=ISO-8859-1 --format=%s --grep=$latin1_e >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep does not find non-reencoded values (utf8)' '
+	>expect &&
+	git log --encoding=utf8 --format=%s --grep=$latin1_e >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep does not find non-reencoded values (latin1)' '
+	>expect &&
+	git log --encoding=ISO-8859-1 --format=%s --grep=$utf8_e >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4212-log-corrupt.sh b/t/t4212-log-corrupt.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..ec5099b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4212-log-corrupt.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git log with invalid commit headers'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit foo &&
+
+	git cat-file commit HEAD |
+	sed "/^author /s/>/>-<>/" >broken_email.commit &&
+	git hash-object -w -t commit broken_email.commit >broken_email.hash &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/broken_email $(cat broken_email.hash)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git log with broken author email' '
+	{
+		echo commit $(cat broken_email.hash)
+		echo "Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>"
+		echo "Date:   Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 +0000"
+		echo
+		echo "    foo"
+	} >expect.out &&
+	: >expect.err &&
+
+	git log broken_email >actual.out 2>actual.err &&
+
+	test_cmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_cmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git log --format with broken author email' '
+	echo "A U Thor+author@example.com+" >expect.out &&
+	: >expect.err &&
+
+	git log --format="%an+%ae+%ad" broken_email >actual.out 2>actual.err &&
+
+	test_cmp expect.out actual.out &&
+	test_cmp expect.err actual.err
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh b/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
index d0b2a45..9015e47 100755
--- a/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
@@ -26,8 +26,6 @@ EXPECTED
 
 test_expect_success 'file add !A, B' '
 	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
-added in local
-  our    100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d ONE
 EXPECTED
 
 	git reset --hard initial &&
@@ -38,9 +36,6 @@ EXPECTED
 
 test_expect_success 'file add A, B (same)' '
 	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
-added in both
-  our    100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d ONE
-  their  100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d ONE
 EXPECTED
 
 	git reset --hard initial &&
@@ -181,9 +176,6 @@ AAA" &&
 
 test_expect_success 'file remove A, !B' '
 	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
-removed in local
-  base   100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d ONE
-  their  100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d ONE
 EXPECTED
 
 	git reset --hard initial &&
@@ -213,6 +205,19 @@ EXPECTED
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'file remove A, B (same)' '
+	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
+EXPECTED
+
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_commit "rm-a-b-base" "ONE" "AAA" &&
+	git rm ONE &&
+	git commit -m "rm-a-b" &&
+	git tag "rm-a-b" &&
+	git merge-tree rm-a-b-base rm-a-b rm-a-b >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'file change A, remove B' '
 	cat >expected <<\EXPECTED &&
 removed in remote
@@ -254,6 +259,57 @@ EXPECTED
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'tree add A, B (same)' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	EOF
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	test_commit "add sub/file" "sub/file" "file" add-tree-A &&
+	git merge-tree initial add-tree-A add-tree-A >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tree add A, B (different)' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	added in both
+	  our    100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d sub/file
+	  their  100644 ba629238ca89489f2b350e196ca445e09d8bb834 sub/file
+	@@ -1 +1,5 @@
+	+<<<<<<< .our
+	 AAA
+	+=======
+	+BBB
+	+>>>>>>> .their
+	EOF
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	test_commit "add sub/file" "sub/file" "AAA" add-tree-a-b-A &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	test_commit "add sub/file" "sub/file" "BBB" add-tree-a-b-B &&
+	git merge-tree initial add-tree-a-b-A add-tree-a-b-B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tree unchanged A, removed B' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	removed in remote
+	  base   100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d sub/file
+	  our    100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d sub/file
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-AAA
+	EOF
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	test_commit "add sub/file" "sub/file" "AAA" tree-remove-b-initial &&
+	git rm sub/file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "remove sub/file" &&
+	git tag tree-remove-b-B &&
+	git merge-tree tree-remove-b-initial tree-remove-b-initial tree-remove-b-B >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'turn file to tree' '
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	rm initial-file &&
@@ -283,8 +339,6 @@ test_expect_success 'turn tree to file' '
 	test_commit "make-file" "dir" "CCC" &&
 	git merge-tree add-tree add-another-tree make-file >actual &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
-	added in local
-	  our    100644 ba629238ca89489f2b350e196ca445e09d8bb834 dir/another
 	removed in remote
 	  base   100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d dir/path
 	  our    100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d dir/path
diff --git a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
index e7c240f..3fbd366 100755
--- a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
@@ -212,7 +212,8 @@ test_expect_success 'git-archive --prefix=olde-' '
 test_expect_success 'setup tar filters' '
 	git config tar.tar.foo.command "tr ab ba" &&
 	git config tar.bar.command "tr ab ba" &&
-	git config tar.bar.remote true
+	git config tar.bar.remote true &&
+	git config tar.invalid baz
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'archive --list mentions user filter' '
diff --git a/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh b/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh
index 7cfe9ca..4e7b05d 100755
--- a/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh
+++ b/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh
@@ -3,15 +3,9 @@
 test_description='git archive --format=zip test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-GIT_UNZIP=${GIT_UNZIP:-unzip}
 
 SUBSTFORMAT=%H%n
 
-test_lazy_prereq UNZIP '
-	"$GIT_UNZIP" -v
-	test $? -ne 127
-'
-
 test_lazy_prereq UNZIP_SYMLINKS '
 	(
 		mkdir unzip-symlinks &&
@@ -76,6 +70,12 @@ test_expect_success \
      git update-ref HEAD $(TZ=GMT GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-27 22:00:00" \
      git commit-tree $treeid </dev/null)'
 
+test_expect_success 'setup export-subst' '
+	echo "substfile?" export-subst >>.git/info/attributes &&
+	git log --max-count=1 "--pretty=format:A${SUBSTFORMAT}O" HEAD \
+		>a/substfile1
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
     'create bare clone' \
     'git clone --bare . bare.git &&
diff --git a/t/t5004-archive-corner-cases.sh b/t/t5004-archive-corner-cases.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8d1bbd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5004-archive-corner-cases.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test corner cases of git-archive'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create commit with empty tree' '
+	git commit --allow-empty -m foo
+'
+
+# Make a dir and clean it up afterwards
+make_dir() {
+	mkdir "$1" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf '$1'"
+}
+
+# Check that the dir given in "$1" contains exactly the
+# set of paths given as arguments.
+check_dir() {
+	dir=$1; shift
+	{
+		echo "$dir" &&
+		for i in "$@"; do
+			echo "$dir/$i"
+		done
+	} | sort >expect &&
+	find "$dir" ! -name pax_global_header -print | sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'tar archive of empty tree is empty' '
+	git archive --format=tar HEAD: >empty.tar &&
+	perl -e "print \"\\0\" x 10240" >10knuls.tar &&
+	test_cmp 10knuls.tar empty.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tar archive of empty tree with prefix' '
+	git archive --format=tar --prefix=foo/ HEAD >prefix.tar &&
+	make_dir extract &&
+	"$TAR" xf prefix.tar -C extract &&
+	check_dir extract foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success UNZIP 'zip archive of empty tree is empty' '
+	# Detect the exit code produced when our particular flavor of unzip
+	# sees an empty archive. Infozip will generate a warning and exit with
+	# code 1. But in the name of sanity, we do not expect other unzip
+	# implementations to do the same thing (it would be perfectly
+	# reasonable to exit 0, for example).
+	#
+	# This makes our test less rigorous on some platforms (unzip may not
+	# handle the empty repo at all, making our later check of its exit code
+	# a no-op). But we cannot do anything reasonable except skip the test
+	# on such platforms anyway, and this is the moral equivalent.
+	"$GIT_UNZIP" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5004/empty.zip
+	expect_code=$?
+
+	git archive --format=zip HEAD >empty.zip &&
+	make_dir extract &&
+	(
+		cd extract &&
+		test_expect_code $expect_code "$GIT_UNZIP" ../empty.zip
+	) &&
+	check_dir extract
+'
+
+test_expect_success UNZIP 'zip archive of empty tree with prefix' '
+	# We do not have to play exit-code tricks here, because our
+	# result should not be empty; it has a directory in it.
+	git archive --format=zip --prefix=foo/ HEAD >prefix.zip &&
+	make_dir extract &&
+	(
+		cd extract &&
+		"$GIT_UNZIP" ../prefix.zip
+	) &&
+	check_dir extract foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'archive complains about pathspec on empty tree' '
+	test_must_fail git archive --format=tar HEAD -- foo >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create a commit with an empty subtree' '
+	empty_tree=$(git hash-object -t tree /dev/null) &&
+	root_tree=$(printf "040000 tree $empty_tree\tsub\n" | git mktree)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'archive empty subtree with no pathspec' '
+	git archive --format=tar $root_tree >subtree-all.tar &&
+	make_dir extract &&
+	"$TAR" xf subtree-all.tar -C extract &&
+	check_dir extract sub
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'archive empty subtree by direct pathspec' '
+	git archive --format=tar $root_tree -- sub >subtree-path.tar &&
+	make_dir extract &&
+	"$TAR" xf subtree-path.tar -C extract &&
+	check_dir extract sub
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5004/empty.zip b/t/t5004/empty.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a76bb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5004/empty.zip
diff --git a/t/t5304-prune.sh b/t/t5304-prune.sh
index d645328..e4bb3a1 100755
--- a/t/t5304-prune.sh
+++ b/t/t5304-prune.sh
@@ -195,4 +195,30 @@ test_expect_success 'gc: prune old objects after local clone' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'garbage report in count-objects -v' '
+	: >.git/objects/pack/foo &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/foo.bar &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/foo.keep &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/foo.pack &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/fake.bar &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/fake.keep &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/fake.pack &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/fake.idx &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/fake2.keep &&
+	: >.git/objects/pack/fake3.idx &&
+	git count-objects -v 2>stderr &&
+	grep "index file .git/objects/pack/fake.idx is too small" stderr &&
+	grep "^warning:" stderr | sort >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+warning: garbage found: .git/objects/pack/fake.bar
+warning: garbage found: .git/objects/pack/foo
+warning: garbage found: .git/objects/pack/foo.bar
+warning: no corresponding .idx nor .pack: .git/objects/pack/fake2.keep
+warning: no corresponding .idx: .git/objects/pack/foo.keep
+warning: no corresponding .idx: .git/objects/pack/foo.pack
+warning: no corresponding .pack: .git/objects/pack/fake3.idx
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh b/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh
index c240035..2b8c0ba 100755
--- a/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh
+++ b/t/t5404-tracking-branches.sh
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prepare pushable branches' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mixed-success push returns error' '
-	test_must_fail git push
+	test_must_fail git push origin :
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check tracking branches updated correctly after push' '
diff --git a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
index 6322e8a..6133d9e 100755
--- a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
@@ -130,16 +130,25 @@ test_expect_success 'single given branch clone' '
 	test_must_fail git --git-dir=branch-a/.git rev-parse origin/B
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow depth 1' '
+	git clone --no-single-branch --depth 1 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow0 &&
+	test "`git --git-dir=shallow0/.git rev-list --count HEAD`" = 1
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow' '
 	git clone --no-single-branch --depth 2 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow depth count' '
+	test "`git --git-dir=shallow/.git rev-list --count HEAD`" = 2
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
 	(
 		cd shallow &&
 		git count-objects -v
 	) > count.shallow &&
-	grep "^in-pack: 18" count.shallow
+	grep "^in-pack: 12" count.shallow
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count (part 2)' '
@@ -256,12 +265,36 @@ test_expect_success 'additional simple shallow deepenings' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow depth count' '
+	test "`git --git-dir=shallow/.git rev-list --count HEAD`" = 11
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
 	(
 		cd shallow &&
 		git count-objects -v
 	) > count.shallow &&
-	grep "^count: 52" count.shallow
+	grep "^count: 55" count.shallow
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch --no-shallow on full repo' '
+	test_must_fail git fetch --noshallow
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch --depth --no-shallow' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		test_must_fail git fetch --depth=1 --noshallow
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'turn shallow to complete repository' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git fetch --unshallow &&
+		! test -f .git/shallow &&
+		git fsck --full
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow without --no-single-branch' '
@@ -273,7 +306,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
 		cd shallow2 &&
 		git count-objects -v
 	) > count.shallow2 &&
-	grep "^in-pack: 6" count.shallow2
+	grep "^in-pack: 3" count.shallow2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow with --branch' '
@@ -281,7 +314,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone shallow with --branch' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
-	echo "in-pack: 6" > count3.expected &&
+	echo "in-pack: 3" > count3.expected &&
 	GIT_DIR=shallow3/.git git count-objects -v |
 		grep "^in-pack" > count3.actual &&
 	test_cmp count3.expected count3.actual
@@ -310,7 +343,7 @@ EOF
 	GIT_DIR=shallow6/.git git tag -l >taglist.actual &&
 	test_cmp taglist.expected taglist.actual &&
 
-	echo "in-pack: 7" > count6.expected &&
+	echo "in-pack: 4" > count6.expected &&
 	GIT_DIR=shallow6/.git git count-objects -v |
 		grep "^in-pack" > count6.actual &&
 	test_cmp count6.expected count6.actual
@@ -325,12 +358,35 @@ EOF
 	GIT_DIR=shallow7/.git git tag -l >taglist.actual &&
 	test_cmp taglist.expected taglist.actual &&
 
-	echo "in-pack: 7" > count7.expected &&
+	echo "in-pack: 4" > count7.expected &&
 	GIT_DIR=shallow7/.git git count-objects -v |
 		grep "^in-pack" > count7.actual &&
 	test_cmp count7.expected count7.actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow with packed refs' '
+	git pack-refs --all &&
+	git clone --depth 1 --branch A "file://$(pwd)/." shallow8 &&
+	echo "in-pack: 4" > count8.expected &&
+	GIT_DIR=shallow8/.git git count-objects -v |
+		grep "^in-pack" > count8.actual &&
+	test_cmp count8.expected count8.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch in shallow repo unreachable shallow objects' '
+	(
+		git clone --bare --branch B --single-branch "file://$(pwd)/." no-reflog &&
+		git clone --depth 1 "file://$(pwd)/no-reflog" shallow9 &&
+		cd no-reflog &&
+		git tag -d TAGB1 TAGB2 &&
+		git update-ref refs/heads/B B~~ &&
+		git gc --prune=now &&
+		cd ../shallow9 &&
+		git fetch origin &&
+		git fsck --no-dangling
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup tests for the --stdin parameter' '
 	for head in C D E F
 	do
diff --git a/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh b/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
index 60de2d6..f30c038 100755
--- a/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
+++ b/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
@@ -4,10 +4,6 @@ test_description='test automatic tag following'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-if ! test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW; then
-	say "GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK not supported - skipping tests"
-fi
-
 # End state of the repository:
 #
 #         T - tag1          S - tag2
@@ -17,7 +13,7 @@ fi
 #     \   C - origin/cat    \
 #      origin/master         master
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW setup '
+test_expect_success setup '
 	test_tick &&
 	echo ichi >file &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -39,28 +35,35 @@ test_expect_success NOT_MINGW setup '
 '
 
 U=UPLOAD_LOG
+UPATH="$(pwd)/$U"
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'setup expect' '
+test_expect_success 'setup expect' '
 cat - <<EOF >expect
-#S
 want $A
-#E
 EOF
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'fetch A (new commit : 1 connection)' '
+get_needs () {
+	test -s "$1" &&
+	perl -alne '
+		next unless $F[1] eq "upload-pack<";
+		last if $F[2] eq "0000";
+		print $F[2], " ", $F[3];
+	' "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch A (new commit : 1 connection)' '
 	rm -f $U &&
 	(
 		cd cloned &&
-		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
+		GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$UPATH git fetch &&
 		test $A = $(git rev-parse --verify origin/master)
 	) &&
-	test -s $U &&
-	cut -d" " -f1,2 $U >actual &&
+	get_needs $U >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW "create tag T on A, create C on branch cat" '
+test_expect_success "create tag T on A, create C on branch cat" '
 	git tag -a -m tag1 tag1 $A &&
 	T=$(git rev-parse --verify tag1) &&
 
@@ -72,30 +75,27 @@ test_expect_success NOT_MINGW "create tag T on A, create C on branch cat" '
 	git checkout master
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'setup expect' '
+test_expect_success 'setup expect' '
 cat - <<EOF >expect
-#S
 want $C
 want $T
-#E
 EOF
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'fetch C, T (new branch, tag : 1 connection)' '
+test_expect_success 'fetch C, T (new branch, tag : 1 connection)' '
 	rm -f $U &&
 	(
 		cd cloned &&
-		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
+		GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$UPATH git fetch &&
 		test $C = $(git rev-parse --verify origin/cat) &&
 		test $T = $(git rev-parse --verify tag1) &&
 		test $A = $(git rev-parse --verify tag1^0)
 	) &&
-	test -s $U &&
-	cut -d" " -f1,2 $U >actual &&
+	get_needs $U >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW "create commits O, B, tag S on B" '
+test_expect_success "create commits O, B, tag S on B" '
 	test_tick &&
 	echo O >file &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -111,39 +111,34 @@ test_expect_success NOT_MINGW "create commits O, B, tag S on B" '
 	S=$(git rev-parse --verify tag2)
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'setup expect' '
+test_expect_success 'setup expect' '
 cat - <<EOF >expect
-#S
 want $B
 want $S
-#E
 EOF
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'fetch B, S (commit and tag : 1 connection)' '
+test_expect_success 'fetch B, S (commit and tag : 1 connection)' '
 	rm -f $U &&
 	(
 		cd cloned &&
-		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
+		GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$UPATH git fetch &&
 		test $B = $(git rev-parse --verify origin/master) &&
 		test $B = $(git rev-parse --verify tag2^0) &&
 		test $S = $(git rev-parse --verify tag2)
 	) &&
-	test -s $U &&
-	cut -d" " -f1,2 $U >actual &&
+	get_needs $U >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'setup expect' '
+test_expect_success 'setup expect' '
 cat - <<EOF >expect
-#S
 want $B
 want $S
-#E
 EOF
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'new clone fetch master and tags' '
+test_expect_success 'new clone fetch master and tags' '
 	git branch -D cat
 	rm -f $U
 	(
@@ -151,15 +146,14 @@ test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'new clone fetch master and tags' '
 		cd clone2 &&
 		git init &&
 		git remote add origin .. &&
-		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch 3>../$U &&
+		GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$UPATH git fetch &&
 		test $B = $(git rev-parse --verify origin/master) &&
 		test $S = $(git rev-parse --verify tag2) &&
 		test $B = $(git rev-parse --verify tag2^0) &&
 		test $T = $(git rev-parse --verify tag1) &&
 		test $A = $(git rev-parse --verify tag1^0)
 	) &&
-	test -s $U &&
-	cut -d" " -f1,2 $U >actual &&
+	get_needs $U >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5505-remote.sh b/t/t5505-remote.sh
index ccc55eb..dd10ff0 100755
--- a/t/t5505-remote.sh
+++ b/t/t5505-remote.sh
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch mirrors do not act as mirrors during push' '
 	) &&
 	(cd mirror-fetch/child &&
 	 git branch -m renamed renamed2 &&
-	 git push parent
+	 git push parent :
 	) &&
 	(cd mirror-fetch/parent &&
 	 git rev-parse --verify renamed &&
@@ -1003,4 +1003,26 @@ test_expect_success 'remote set-url --delete baz' '
 	cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'extra args: setup' '
+	# add a dummy origin so that this does not trigger failure
+	git remote add origin .
+'
+
+test_extra_arg () {
+	test_expect_success "extra args: $*" "
+		test_must_fail git remote $* bogus_extra_arg 2>actual &&
+		grep '^usage:' actual
+	"
+}
+
+test_extra_arg add nick url
+test_extra_arg rename origin newname
+test_extra_arg remove origin
+test_extra_arg set-head origin master
+# set-branches takes any number of args
+test_extra_arg set-url origin newurl oldurl
+# show takes any number of args
+# prune takes any number of args
+# update takes any number of args
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh b/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
index d16e5d3..321c3e5 100755
--- a/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
+++ b/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
@@ -126,4 +126,16 @@ test_expect_success 'Report match with --exit-code' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+for configsection in transfer uploadpack
+do
+	test_expect_success "Hide some refs with $configsection.hiderefs" '
+		test_config $configsection.hiderefs refs/tags &&
+		git ls-remote . >actual &&
+		test_unconfig $configsection.hiderefs &&
+		git ls-remote . |
+		sed -e "/	refs\/tags\//d" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+done
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
index b5417cc..4691d51 100755
--- a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,28 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='fetching and pushing, with or without wildcard'
+test_description='Basic fetch/push functionality.
+
+This test checks the following functionality:
+
+* command-line syntax
+* refspecs
+* fast-forward detection, and overriding it
+* configuration
+* hooks
+* --porcelain output format
+* hiderefs
+'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 D=`pwd`
 
 mk_empty () {
-	rm -fr testrepo &&
-	mkdir testrepo &&
+	repo_name="$1"
+	rm -fr "$repo_name" &&
+	mkdir "$repo_name" &&
 	(
-		cd testrepo &&
+		cd "$repo_name" &&
 		git init &&
 		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch warn &&
 		mv .git/hooks .git/hooks-disabled
@@ -18,32 +30,33 @@ mk_empty () {
 }
 
 mk_test () {
-	mk_empty &&
+	repo_name="$1"
+	shift
+
+	mk_empty "$repo_name" &&
 	(
 		for ref in "$@"
 		do
-			git push testrepo $the_first_commit:refs/$ref || {
-				echo "Oops, push refs/$ref failure"
-				exit 1
-			}
+			git push "$repo_name" $the_first_commit:refs/$ref ||
+			exit
 		done &&
-		cd testrepo &&
+		cd "$repo_name" &&
 		for ref in "$@"
 		do
-			r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/$ref) &&
-			test "z$r" = "z$the_first_commit" || {
-				echo "Oops, refs/$ref is wrong"
-				exit 1
-			}
+			echo "$the_first_commit" >expect &&
+			git show-ref -s --verify refs/$ref >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual ||
+			exit
 		done &&
 		git fsck --full
 	)
 }
 
 mk_test_with_hooks() {
+	repo_name=$1
 	mk_test "$@" &&
 	(
-		cd testrepo &&
+		cd "$repo_name" &&
 		mkdir .git/hooks &&
 		cd .git/hooks &&
 
@@ -75,22 +88,23 @@ mk_test_with_hooks() {
 }
 
 mk_child() {
-	rm -rf "$1" &&
-	git clone testrepo "$1"
+	rm -rf "$2" &&
+	git clone "$1" "$2"
 }
 
 check_push_result () {
+	repo_name="$1"
+	shift
+
 	(
-		cd testrepo &&
-		it="$1" &&
-		shift
+		cd "$repo_name" &&
+		echo "$1" >expect &&
+		shift &&
 		for ref in "$@"
 		do
-			r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/$ref) &&
-			test "z$r" = "z$it" || {
-				echo "Oops, refs/$ref is wrong"
-				exit 1
-			}
+			git show-ref -s --verify refs/$ref >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual ||
+			exit
 		done &&
 		git fsck --full
 	)
@@ -113,35 +127,33 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch without wildcard' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git fetch .. refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/remotes/origin/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch with wildcard' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git config remote.up.url .. &&
 		git config remote.up.fetch "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" &&
 		git fetch up &&
 
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/remotes/origin/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch with insteadOf' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	(
 		TRASH=$(pwd)/ &&
 		cd testrepo &&
@@ -150,15 +162,14 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch with insteadOf' '
 		git config remote.up.fetch "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" &&
 		git fetch up &&
 
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/remotes/origin/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch with pushInsteadOf (should not rewrite)' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	(
 		TRASH=$(pwd)/ &&
 		cd testrepo &&
@@ -167,321 +178,310 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch with pushInsteadOf (should not rewrite)' '
 		git config remote.up.fetch "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" &&
 		git fetch up &&
 
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/remotes/origin/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push without wildcard' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 
 	git push testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/remotes/origin/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with wildcard' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 
 	git push testrepo "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/remotes/origin/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with insteadOf' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	TRASH="$(pwd)/" &&
-	git config "url.$TRASH.insteadOf" trash/ &&
+	test_config "url.$TRASH.insteadOf" trash/ &&
 	git push trash/testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/remotes/origin/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with pushInsteadOf' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	TRASH="$(pwd)/" &&
-	git config "url.$TRASH.pushInsteadOf" trash/ &&
+	test_config "url.$TRASH.pushInsteadOf" trash/ &&
 	git push trash/testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/remotes/origin/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with pushInsteadOf and explicit pushurl (pushInsteadOf should not rewrite)' '
-	mk_empty &&
-	TRASH="$(pwd)/" &&
-	git config "url.trash2/.pushInsteadOf" trash/ &&
-	git config remote.r.url trash/wrong &&
-	git config remote.r.pushurl "$TRASH/testrepo" &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
+	test_config "url.trash2/.pushInsteadOf" testrepo/ &&
+	test_config "url.trash3/.pusnInsteadOf" trash/wrong &&
+	test_config remote.r.url trash/wrong &&
+	test_config remote.r.pushurl "testrepo/" &&
 	git push r refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/remotes/origin/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with matching heads' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
-	git push testrepo &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	git push testrepo : &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with matching heads on the command line' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	git push testrepo : &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'failed (non-fast-forward) push with matching heads' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	git push testrepo : &&
 	git commit --amend -massaged &&
 	test_must_fail git push testrepo &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master &&
 	git reset --hard $the_commit
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push --force with matching heads' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	git push testrepo : &&
 	git commit --amend -massaged &&
-	git push --force testrepo &&
-	! check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	git push --force testrepo : &&
+	! check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master &&
 	git reset --hard $the_commit
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with matching heads and forced update' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	git push testrepo : &&
 	git commit --amend -massaged &&
 	git push testrepo +: &&
-	! check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	! check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master &&
 	git reset --hard $the_commit
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with no ambiguity (1)' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	git push testrepo master:master &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with no ambiguity (2)' '
 
-	mk_test remotes/origin/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo remotes/origin/master &&
 	git push testrepo master:origin/master &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit remotes/origin/master
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit remotes/origin/master
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with colon-less refspec, no ambiguity' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master heads/t/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master heads/t/master &&
 	git branch -f t/master master &&
 	git push testrepo master &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
-	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/t/master
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit heads/t/master
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with weak ambiguity (1)' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master remotes/origin/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master remotes/origin/master &&
 	git push testrepo master:master &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
-	check_push_result $the_first_commit remotes/origin/master
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit remotes/origin/master
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with weak ambiguity (2)' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master remotes/origin/master remotes/another/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master remotes/origin/master remotes/another/master &&
 	git push testrepo master:master &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
-	check_push_result $the_first_commit remotes/origin/master remotes/another/master
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit remotes/origin/master remotes/another/master
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with ambiguity' '
 
-	mk_test heads/frotz tags/frotz &&
-	if git push testrepo master:frotz
-	then
-		echo "Oops, should have failed"
-		false
-	else
-		check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/frotz tags/frotz
-	fi
+	mk_test testrepo heads/frotz tags/frotz &&
+	test_must_fail git push testrepo master:frotz &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit heads/frotz tags/frotz
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with colon-less refspec (1)' '
 
-	mk_test heads/frotz tags/frotz &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/frotz tags/frotz &&
 	git branch -f frotz master &&
 	git push testrepo frotz &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/frotz &&
-	check_push_result $the_first_commit tags/frotz
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/frotz &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit tags/frotz
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with colon-less refspec (2)' '
 
-	mk_test heads/frotz tags/frotz &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/frotz tags/frotz &&
 	if git show-ref --verify -q refs/heads/frotz
 	then
 		git branch -D frotz
 	fi &&
 	git tag -f frotz &&
-	git push testrepo frotz &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit tags/frotz &&
-	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/frotz
+	git push -f testrepo frotz &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit tags/frotz &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit heads/frotz
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with colon-less refspec (3)' '
 
-	mk_test &&
+	mk_test testrepo &&
 	if git show-ref --verify -q refs/tags/frotz
 	then
 		git tag -d frotz
 	fi &&
 	git branch -f frotz master &&
 	git push testrepo frotz &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/frotz &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/frotz &&
 	test 1 = $( cd testrepo && git show-ref | wc -l )
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with colon-less refspec (4)' '
 
-	mk_test &&
+	mk_test testrepo &&
 	if git show-ref --verify -q refs/heads/frotz
 	then
 		git branch -D frotz
 	fi &&
 	git tag -f frotz &&
 	git push testrepo frotz &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit tags/frotz &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit tags/frotz &&
 	test 1 = $( cd testrepo && git show-ref | wc -l )
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push head with non-existent, incomplete dest' '
 
-	mk_test &&
+	mk_test testrepo &&
 	git push testrepo master:branch &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/branch
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/branch
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push tag with non-existent, incomplete dest' '
 
-	mk_test &&
+	mk_test testrepo &&
 	git tag -f v1.0 &&
 	git push testrepo v1.0:tag &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit tags/tag
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit tags/tag
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push sha1 with non-existent, incomplete dest' '
 
-	mk_test &&
+	mk_test testrepo &&
 	test_must_fail git push testrepo `git rev-parse master`:foo
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push ref expression with non-existent, incomplete dest' '
 
-	mk_test &&
+	mk_test testrepo &&
 	test_must_fail git push testrepo master^:branch
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with HEAD' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	git push testrepo HEAD &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with HEAD nonexisting at remote' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	git checkout -b local master &&
 	git push testrepo HEAD &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/local
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/local
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with +HEAD' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	git branch -D local &&
 	git checkout -b local &&
 	git push testrepo master local &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/local &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/local &&
 
 	# Without force rewinding should fail
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 	test_must_fail git push testrepo HEAD &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/local &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/local &&
 
 	# With force rewinding should succeed
 	git push testrepo +HEAD &&
-	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/local
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit heads/local
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push HEAD with non-existent, incomplete dest' '
 
-	mk_test &&
+	mk_test testrepo &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	git push testrepo HEAD:branch &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/branch
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/branch
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with config remote.*.push = HEAD' '
 
-	mk_test heads/local &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/local &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	git branch -f local $the_commit &&
 	(
@@ -489,46 +489,68 @@ test_expect_success 'push with config remote.*.push = HEAD' '
 		git checkout local &&
 		git reset --hard $the_first_commit
 	) &&
-	git config remote.there.url testrepo &&
-	git config remote.there.push HEAD &&
-	git config branch.master.remote there &&
+	test_config remote.there.url testrepo &&
+	test_config remote.there.push HEAD &&
+	test_config branch.master.remote there &&
 	git push &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
-	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/local
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit heads/local
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with remote.pushdefault' '
+	mk_test up_repo heads/master &&
+	mk_test down_repo heads/master &&
+	test_config remote.up.url up_repo &&
+	test_config remote.down.url down_repo &&
+	test_config branch.master.remote up &&
+	test_config remote.pushdefault down &&
+	test_config push.default matching &&
+	git push &&
+	check_push_result up_repo $the_first_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result down_repo $the_commit heads/master
 '
 
-# clean up the cruft left with the previous one
-git config --remove-section remote.there
-git config --remove-section branch.master
-
 test_expect_success 'push with config remote.*.pushurl' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	git checkout master &&
-	git config remote.there.url test2repo &&
-	git config remote.there.pushurl testrepo &&
-	git push there &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+	test_config remote.there.url test2repo &&
+	test_config remote.there.pushurl testrepo &&
+	git push there : &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with config branch.*.pushremote' '
+	mk_test up_repo heads/master &&
+	mk_test side_repo heads/master &&
+	mk_test down_repo heads/master &&
+	test_config remote.up.url up_repo &&
+	test_config remote.pushdefault side_repo &&
+	test_config remote.down.url down_repo &&
+	test_config branch.master.remote up &&
+	test_config branch.master.pushremote down &&
+	test_config push.default matching &&
+	git push &&
+	check_push_result up_repo $the_first_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result side_repo $the_first_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result down_repo $the_commit heads/master
 '
 
-# clean up the cruft left with the previous one
-git config --remove-section remote.there
-
 test_expect_success 'push with dry-run' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		old_commit=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master)
 	) &&
-	git push --dry-run testrepo &&
-	check_push_result $old_commit heads/master
+	git push --dry-run testrepo : &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $old_commit heads/master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push updates local refs' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
-	mk_child child &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	mk_child testrepo child &&
 	(
 		cd child &&
 		git pull .. master &&
@@ -541,9 +563,9 @@ test_expect_success 'push updates local refs' '
 
 test_expect_success 'push updates up-to-date local refs' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
-	mk_child child1 &&
-	mk_child child2 &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	mk_child testrepo child1 &&
+	mk_child testrepo child2 &&
 	(cd child1 && git pull .. master && git push) &&
 	(
 		cd child2 &&
@@ -557,8 +579,8 @@ test_expect_success 'push updates up-to-date local refs' '
 
 test_expect_success 'push preserves up-to-date packed refs' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
-	mk_child child &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	mk_child testrepo child &&
 	(
 		cd child &&
 		git push &&
@@ -569,8 +591,8 @@ test_expect_success 'push preserves up-to-date packed refs' '
 
 test_expect_success 'push does not update local refs on failure' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
-	mk_child child &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	mk_child testrepo child &&
 	mkdir testrepo/.git/hooks &&
 	echo "#!/no/frobnication/today" >testrepo/.git/hooks/pre-receive &&
 	chmod +x testrepo/.git/hooks/pre-receive &&
@@ -586,7 +608,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push does not update local refs on failure' '
 
 test_expect_success 'allow deleting an invalid remote ref' '
 
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	rm -f testrepo/.git/objects/??/* &&
 	git push testrepo :refs/heads/master &&
 	(cd testrepo && test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master)
@@ -594,7 +616,7 @@ test_expect_success 'allow deleting an invalid remote ref' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pushing valid refs triggers post-receive and post-update hooks' '
-	mk_test_with_hooks heads/master heads/next &&
+	mk_test_with_hooks testrepo heads/master heads/next &&
 	orgmaster=$(cd testrepo && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	newmaster=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	orgnext=$(cd testrepo && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/next) &&
@@ -630,7 +652,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pushing valid refs triggers post-receive and post-update ho
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'deleting dangling ref triggers hooks with correct args' '
-	mk_test_with_hooks heads/master &&
+	mk_test_with_hooks testrepo heads/master &&
 	rm -f testrepo/.git/objects/??/* &&
 	git push testrepo :refs/heads/master &&
 	(
@@ -659,7 +681,7 @@ test_expect_success 'deleting dangling ref triggers hooks with correct args' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'deletion of a non-existent ref is not fed to post-receive and post-update hooks' '
-	mk_test_with_hooks heads/master &&
+	mk_test_with_hooks testrepo heads/master &&
 	orgmaster=$(cd testrepo && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	newmaster=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	git push testrepo master :refs/heads/nonexistent &&
@@ -691,7 +713,7 @@ test_expect_success 'deletion of a non-existent ref is not fed to post-receive a
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'deletion of a non-existent ref alone does trigger post-receive and post-update hooks' '
-	mk_test_with_hooks heads/master &&
+	mk_test_with_hooks testrepo heads/master &&
 	git push testrepo :refs/heads/nonexistent &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo/.git &&
@@ -711,7 +733,7 @@ test_expect_success 'deletion of a non-existent ref alone does trigger post-rece
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'mixed ref updates, deletes, invalid deletes trigger hooks with correct input' '
-	mk_test_with_hooks heads/master heads/next heads/pu &&
+	mk_test_with_hooks testrepo heads/master heads/next heads/pu &&
 	orgmaster=$(cd testrepo && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	newmaster=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	orgnext=$(cd testrepo && git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/next) &&
@@ -757,14 +779,14 @@ test_expect_success 'mixed ref updates, deletes, invalid deletes trigger hooks w
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'allow deleting a ref using --delete' '
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	(cd testrepo && git config receive.denyDeleteCurrent warn) &&
 	git push testrepo --delete master &&
 	(cd testrepo && test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'allow deleting a tag using --delete' '
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	git tag -a -m dummy_message deltag heads/master &&
 	git push testrepo --tags &&
 	(cd testrepo && git rev-parse --verify -q refs/tags/deltag) &&
@@ -773,17 +795,17 @@ test_expect_success 'allow deleting a tag using --delete' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push --delete without args aborts' '
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	test_must_fail git push testrepo --delete
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push --delete refuses src:dest refspecs' '
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	test_must_fail git push testrepo --delete master:foo
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'warn on push to HEAD of non-bare repository' '
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git checkout master &&
@@ -794,7 +816,7 @@ test_expect_success 'warn on push to HEAD of non-bare repository' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'deny push to HEAD of non-bare repository' '
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git checkout master &&
@@ -804,7 +826,7 @@ test_expect_success 'deny push to HEAD of non-bare repository' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of bare repository (bare)' '
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git checkout master &&
@@ -816,7 +838,7 @@ test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of bare repository (bare)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of non-bare repository (config)' '
-	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git checkout master &&
@@ -827,63 +849,63 @@ test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of non-bare repository (config)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch with branches' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	git branch second $the_first_commit &&
 	git checkout second &&
 	echo ".." > testrepo/.git/branches/branch1 &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git fetch branch1 &&
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/branch1) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/heads | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/heads/branch1" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/heads >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	) &&
 	git checkout master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch with branches containing #' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	echo "..#second" > testrepo/.git/branches/branch2 &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
 		git fetch branch2 &&
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/branch2) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_first_commit" &&
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/heads | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_first_commit commit	refs/heads/branch2" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/heads >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	) &&
 	git checkout master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with branches' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	git checkout second &&
 	echo "testrepo" > .git/branches/branch1 &&
 	git push branch1 &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_first_commit" &&
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/heads | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_first_commit commit	refs/heads/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/heads >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with branches containing #' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	echo "testrepo#branch3" > .git/branches/branch2 &&
 	git push branch2 &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/branch3) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_first_commit" &&
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/heads | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_first_commit commit	refs/heads/branch3" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/heads >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	) &&
 	git checkout master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push into aliased refs (consistent)' '
-	mk_test heads/master &&
-	mk_child child1 &&
-	mk_child child2 &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	mk_child testrepo child1 &&
+	mk_child testrepo child2 &&
 	(
 		cd child1 &&
 		git branch foo &&
@@ -903,9 +925,9 @@ test_expect_success 'push into aliased refs (consistent)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push into aliased refs (inconsistent)' '
-	mk_test heads/master &&
-	mk_child child1 &&
-	mk_child child2 &&
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	mk_child testrepo child1 &&
+	mk_child testrepo child2 &&
 	(
 		cd child1 &&
 		git branch foo &&
@@ -929,29 +951,50 @@ test_expect_success 'push into aliased refs (inconsistent)' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push requires --force to update lightweight tag' '
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	mk_child testrepo child1 &&
+	mk_child testrepo child2 &&
+	(
+		cd child1 &&
+		git tag Tag &&
+		git push ../child2 Tag &&
+		git push ../child2 Tag &&
+		>file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m "file1" &&
+		git tag -f Tag &&
+		test_must_fail git push ../child2 Tag &&
+		git push --force ../child2 Tag &&
+		git tag -f Tag &&
+		test_must_fail git push ../child2 Tag HEAD~ &&
+		git push --force ../child2 Tag
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'push --porcelain' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	echo >.git/foo  "To testrepo" &&
 	echo >>.git/foo "*	refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master	[new branch]"  &&
 	echo >>.git/foo "Done" &&
 	git push >.git/bar --porcelain  testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	(
 		cd testrepo &&
-		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
-		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
-		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+		echo "$the_commit commit	refs/remotes/origin/master" >expect &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
 	) &&
 	test_cmp .git/foo .git/bar
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push --porcelain bad url' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	test_must_fail git push >.git/bar --porcelain asdfasdfasd refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	test_must_fail grep -q Done .git/bar
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push --porcelain rejected' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	git push testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	(cd testrepo &&
 		git reset --hard origin/master^
@@ -965,7 +1008,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push --porcelain rejected' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push --porcelain --dry-run rejected' '
-	mk_empty &&
+	mk_empty testrepo &&
 	git push testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
 	(cd testrepo &&
 		git reset --hard origin/master
@@ -980,19 +1023,153 @@ test_expect_success 'push --porcelain --dry-run rejected' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push --prune' '
-	mk_test heads/master heads/second heads/foo heads/bar &&
-	git push --prune testrepo &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
-	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/second &&
-	! check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/foo heads/bar
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master heads/second heads/foo heads/bar &&
+	git push --prune testrepo : &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit heads/second &&
+	! check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit heads/foo heads/bar
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push --prune refspec' '
-	mk_test tmp/master tmp/second tmp/foo tmp/bar &&
+	mk_test testrepo tmp/master tmp/second tmp/foo tmp/bar &&
 	git push --prune testrepo "refs/heads/*:refs/tmp/*" &&
-	check_push_result $the_commit tmp/master &&
-	check_push_result $the_first_commit tmp/second &&
-	! check_push_result $the_first_commit tmp/foo tmp/bar
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit tmp/master &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit tmp/second &&
+	! check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit tmp/foo tmp/bar
+'
+
+for configsection in transfer receive
+do
+	test_expect_success "push to update a ref hidden by $configsection.hiderefs" '
+		mk_test testrepo heads/master hidden/one hidden/two hidden/three &&
+		(
+			cd testrepo &&
+			git config $configsection.hiderefs refs/hidden
+		) &&
+
+		# push to unhidden ref succeeds normally
+		git push testrepo master:refs/heads/master &&
+		check_push_result testrepo $the_commit heads/master &&
+
+		# push to update a hidden ref should fail
+		test_must_fail git push testrepo master:refs/hidden/one &&
+		check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit hidden/one &&
+
+		# push to delete a hidden ref should fail
+		test_must_fail git push testrepo :refs/hidden/two &&
+		check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit hidden/two &&
+
+		# idempotent push to update a hidden ref should fail
+		test_must_fail git push testrepo $the_first_commit:refs/hidden/three &&
+		check_push_result testrepo $the_first_commit hidden/three
+	'
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch exact SHA1' '
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master hidden/one &&
+	git push testrepo master:refs/hidden/one &&
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		git config transfer.hiderefs refs/hidden
+	) &&
+	check_push_result testrepo $the_commit hidden/one &&
+
+	mk_child testrepo child &&
+	(
+		cd child &&
+
+		# make sure $the_commit does not exist here
+		git repack -a -d &&
+		git prune &&
+		test_must_fail git cat-file -t $the_commit &&
+
+		# fetching the hidden object should fail by default
+		test_must_fail git fetch -v ../testrepo $the_commit:refs/heads/copy &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/copy &&
+
+		# the server side can allow it to succeed
+		(
+			cd ../testrepo &&
+			git config uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant true
+		) &&
+
+		git fetch -v ../testrepo $the_commit:refs/heads/copy &&
+		result=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/copy) &&
+		test "$the_commit" = "$result"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch follows tags by default' '
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	rm -fr src dst &&
+	git init src &&
+	(
+		cd src &&
+		git pull ../testrepo master &&
+		git tag -m "annotated" tag &&
+		git for-each-ref >tmp1 &&
+		(
+			cat tmp1
+			sed -n "s|refs/heads/master$|refs/remotes/origin/master|p" tmp1
+		) |
+		sort -k 3 >../expect
+	) &&
+	git init dst &&
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		git remote add origin ../src &&
+		git config branch.master.remote origin &&
+		git config branch.master.merge refs/heads/master &&
+		git pull &&
+		git for-each-ref >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push does not follow tags by default' '
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	rm -fr src dst &&
+	git init src &&
+	git init --bare dst &&
+	(
+		cd src &&
+		git pull ../testrepo master &&
+		git tag -m "annotated" tag &&
+		git checkout -b another &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m "future commit" &&
+		git tag -m "future" future &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/heads/master >../expect &&
+		git push ../dst master
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		git for-each-ref >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --follow-tag only pushes relevant tags' '
+	mk_test testrepo heads/master &&
+	rm -fr src dst &&
+	git init src &&
+	git init --bare dst &&
+	(
+		cd src &&
+		git pull ../testrepo master &&
+		git tag -m "annotated" tag &&
+		git checkout -b another &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m "future commit" &&
+		git tag -m "future" future &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/heads/master refs/tags/tag >../expect
+		git push --follow-tag ../dst master
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd dst &&
+		git for-each-ref >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh b/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh
index e2ad260..12a5dfb 100755
--- a/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh
+++ b/t/t5517-push-mirror.sh
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ test_expect_success 'remote.foo.mirror=no has no effect' '
 		git branch keep master &&
 		git push --mirror up &&
 		git branch -D keep &&
-		git push up
+		git push up :
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd mirror &&
diff --git a/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh b/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
index c00c9b0..11fcd37 100755
--- a/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
+++ b/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ test_expect_success 'alice works and pushes' '
 		cd alice-work &&
 		echo more >file &&
 		git commit -a -m second &&
-		git push ../alice-pub
+		git push ../alice-pub :
 	)
 '
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bob fetches from alice, works and pushes' '
 		git pull ../alice-pub master &&
 		echo more bob >file &&
 		git commit -a -m third &&
-		git push ../bob-pub
+		git push ../bob-pub :
 	) &&
 
 	# Check that the second commit by Alice is not sent
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ test_expect_success 'alice works and pushes again' '
 		cd alice-work &&
 		echo more alice >file &&
 		git commit -a -m fourth &&
-		git push ../alice-pub
+		git push ../alice-pub :
 	)
 '
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bob works and pushes' '
 		cd bob-work &&
 		echo yet more bob >file &&
 		git commit -a -m fifth &&
-		git push ../bob-pub
+		git push ../bob-pub :
 	)
 '
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ test_expect_success 'alice works and pushes yet again' '
 		git commit -a -m sixth.2 &&
 		echo more and more alice >>file &&
 		git commit -a -m sixth.3 &&
-		git push ../alice-pub
+		git push ../alice-pub :
 	)
 '
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bob works and pushes again' '
 		git hash-object -t commit -w commit &&
 		echo even more bob >file &&
 		git commit -a -m seventh &&
-		git push ../bob-pub
+		git push ../bob-pub :
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5520-pull.sh b/t/t5520-pull.sh
index 35304b4..6af6c63 100755
--- a/t/t5520-pull.sh
+++ b/t/t5520-pull.sh
@@ -96,8 +96,7 @@ test_expect_success '--rebase' '
 '
 test_expect_success 'pull.rebase' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
-	git config --bool pull.rebase true &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset pull.rebase" &&
+	test_config pull.rebase true &&
 	git pull . copy &&
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
 	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
@@ -105,8 +104,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pull.rebase' '
 
 test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
-	git config --bool branch.to-rebase.rebase true &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset branch.to-rebase.rebase" &&
+	test_config branch.to-rebase.rebase true &&
 	git pull . copy &&
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
 	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
@@ -114,10 +112,8 @@ test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase' '
 
 test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase should override pull.rebase' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
-	git config --bool pull.rebase true &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset pull.rebase" &&
-	git config --bool branch.to-rebase.rebase false &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset branch.to-rebase.rebase" &&
+	test_config pull.rebase true &&
+	test_config branch.to-rebase.rebase false &&
 	git pull . copy &&
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) != $(git rev-parse copy) &&
 	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
@@ -171,9 +167,9 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --rebase dies early with dirty working directory' '
 	git update-ref refs/remotes/me/copy copy^ &&
 	COPY=$(git rev-parse --verify me/copy) &&
 	git rebase --onto $COPY copy &&
-	git config branch.to-rebase.remote me &&
-	git config branch.to-rebase.merge refs/heads/copy &&
-	git config branch.to-rebase.rebase true &&
+	test_config branch.to-rebase.remote me &&
+	test_config branch.to-rebase.merge refs/heads/copy &&
+	test_config branch.to-rebase.rebase true &&
 	echo dirty >> file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_must_fail git pull &&
diff --git a/t/t5521-pull-options.sh b/t/t5521-pull-options.sh
index 1b06691..aa31abe 100755
--- a/t/t5521-pull-options.sh
+++ b/t/t5521-pull-options.sh
@@ -19,6 +19,17 @@ test_expect_success 'git pull -q' '
 	test ! -s out)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git pull -q --rebase' '
+	mkdir clonedqrb &&
+	(cd clonedqrb && git init &&
+	git pull -q --rebase "../parent" >out 2>err &&
+	test ! -s err &&
+	test ! -s out &&
+	git pull -q --rebase "../parent" >out 2>err &&
+	test ! -s err &&
+	test ! -s out)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git pull' '
 	mkdir cloned &&
 	(cd cloned && git init &&
@@ -27,6 +38,14 @@ test_expect_success 'git pull' '
 	test ! -s out)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git pull --rebase' '
+	mkdir clonedrb &&
+	(cd clonedrb && git init &&
+	git pull --rebase "../parent" >out 2>err &&
+	test -s err &&
+	test ! -s out)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git pull -v' '
 	mkdir clonedv &&
 	(cd clonedv && git init &&
@@ -35,6 +54,14 @@ test_expect_success 'git pull -v' '
 	test ! -s out)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git pull -v --rebase' '
+	mkdir clonedvrb &&
+	(cd clonedvrb && git init &&
+	git pull -v --rebase "../parent" >out 2>err &&
+	test -s err &&
+	test ! -s out)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git pull -v -q' '
 	mkdir clonedvq &&
 	(cd clonedvq && git init &&
diff --git a/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh b/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
index 1947c28..8c16e04 100755
--- a/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		(
 			cd gar/bage &&
 			git init &&
+			git config push.default matching &&
 			>junk &&
 			git add junk &&
 			git commit -m "Initial junk"
diff --git a/t/t5541-http-push.sh b/t/t5541-http-push.sh
index 4b4b4a6..beb00be 100755
--- a/t/t5541-http-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5541-http-push.sh
@@ -181,8 +181,7 @@ test_expect_success 'push (chunked)' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_commit commit path3 &&
 	HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	git config http.postbuffer 4 &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset http.postbuffer" &&
+	test_config http.postbuffer 4 &&
 	git push -v -v origin $BRANCH 2>err &&
 	grep "POST git-receive-pack (chunked)" err &&
 	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git &&
@@ -295,5 +294,35 @@ test_expect_success 'push to auth-only-for-push repo' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'create repo without http.receivepack set' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH" &&
+	git init half-auth &&
+	(
+		cd half-auth &&
+		test_commit one
+	) &&
+	git clone --bare half-auth "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/half-auth.git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone via half-auth-complete does not need password' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH" &&
+	set_askpass wrong &&
+	git clone "$HTTPD_URL"/half-auth-complete/smart/half-auth.git \
+		half-auth-clone &&
+	expect_askpass none
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push into half-auth-complete requires password' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH/half-auth-clone" &&
+	echo two >expect &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git push "$HTTPD_URL/half-auth-complete/smart/half-auth.git" &&
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/half-auth.git" \
+		log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	expect_askpass both user@host &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 stop_httpd
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh b/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
index 80d20c8..f7d0f14 100755
--- a/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'5550'}
 start_httpd
 
 test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	git config push.default matching &&
 	echo content1 >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m one
diff --git a/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh b/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
index 47eb769..b23efbb 100755
--- a/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'5551'}
 start_httpd
 
 test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	git config push.default matching &&
 	echo content >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m one
@@ -162,6 +163,30 @@ test_expect_success 'invalid Content-Type rejected' '
 	grep "not valid:" actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'create namespaced refs' '
+	test_commit namespaced &&
+	git push public HEAD:refs/namespaces/ns/refs/heads/master &&
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" \
+		symbolic-ref refs/namespaces/ns/HEAD refs/namespaces/ns/refs/heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'smart clone respects namespace' '
+	git clone "$HTTPD_URL/smart_namespace/repo.git" ns-smart &&
+	echo namespaced >expect &&
+	git --git-dir=ns-smart/.git log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dumb clone via http-backend respects namespace' '
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" \
+		config http.getanyfile true &&
+	GIT_SMART_HTTP=0 git clone \
+		"$HTTPD_URL/smart_namespace/repo.git" ns-dumb &&
+	echo namespaced >expect &&
+	git --git-dir=ns-dumb/.git log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test -n "$GIT_TEST_LONG" && test_set_prereq EXPENSIVE
 
 test_expect_success EXPENSIVE 'create 50,000 tags in the repo' '
diff --git a/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh b/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh
index a3a4e47..f01edff 100755
--- a/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh
+++ b/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT=${LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT-5570}
 start_git_daemon
 
 test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	git config push.default matching &&
 	echo content >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m one
diff --git a/t/t5571-pre-push-hook.sh b/t/t5571-pre-push-hook.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6f9916a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5571-pre-push-hook.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check pre-push hooks'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Setup hook that always succeeds
+HOOKDIR="$(git rev-parse --git-dir)/hooks"
+HOOK="$HOOKDIR/pre-push"
+mkdir -p "$HOOKDIR"
+write_script "$HOOK" <<EOF
+cat >/dev/null
+exit 0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git config push.default upstream &&
+	git init --bare repo1 &&
+	git remote add parent1 repo1 &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	git push parent1 HEAD:foreign
+'
+write_script "$HOOK" <<EOF
+cat >/dev/null
+exit 1
+EOF
+
+COMMIT1="$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+export COMMIT1
+
+test_expect_success 'push with failing hook' '
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_must_fail git push parent1 HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify bypasses hook' '
+	git push --no-verify parent1 HEAD
+'
+
+COMMIT2="$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+export COMMIT2
+
+write_script "$HOOK" <<'EOF'
+echo "$1" >actual
+echo "$2" >>actual
+cat >>actual
+EOF
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+parent1
+repo1
+refs/heads/master $COMMIT2 refs/heads/foreign $COMMIT1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'push with hook' '
+	git push parent1 master:foreign &&
+	diff expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add a branch' '
+	git checkout -b other parent1/foreign &&
+	test_commit three
+'
+
+COMMIT3="$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+export COMMIT3
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+parent1
+repo1
+refs/heads/other $COMMIT3 refs/heads/foreign $COMMIT2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'push to default' '
+	git push &&
+	diff expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+parent1
+repo1
+refs/tags/one $COMMIT1 refs/tags/tag1 $_z40
+HEAD~ $COMMIT2 refs/heads/prev $_z40
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'push non-branches' '
+	git push parent1 one:tag1 HEAD~:refs/heads/prev &&
+	diff expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+parent1
+repo1
+(delete) $_z40 refs/heads/prev $COMMIT2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'push delete' '
+	git push parent1 :prev &&
+	diff expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+repo1
+repo1
+HEAD $COMMIT3 refs/heads/other $_z40
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'push to URL' '
+	git push repo1 HEAD &&
+	diff expected actual
+'
+
+# Test that filling pipe buffers doesn't cause failure
+# Too slow to leave enabled for general use
+if false
+then
+	printf 'parent1\nrepo1\n' >expected
+	nr=1000
+	while test $nr -lt 2000
+	do
+		nr=$(( $nr + 1 ))
+		git branch b/$nr $COMMIT3
+		echo "refs/heads/b/$nr $COMMIT3 refs/heads/b/$nr $_z40" >>expected
+	done
+
+	test_expect_success 'push many refs' '
+		git push parent1 "refs/heads/b/*:refs/heads/b/*" &&
+		diff expected actual
+	'
+fi
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh b/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
index c47d450..6537911 100755
--- a/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
+++ b/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
@@ -54,11 +54,14 @@ cd "$base_dir"
 
 rm -f "$U.D"
 
-test_expect_success 'cloning with reference (no -l -s)' \
-'GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git clone --reference B "file://$(pwd)/A" D 3>"$U.D"'
+test_expect_success 'cloning with reference (no -l -s)' '
+	GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$U.D git clone --reference B "file://$(pwd)/A" D
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'fetched no objects' \
-'! grep "^want" "$U.D"'
+test_expect_success 'fetched no objects' '
+	test -s "$U.D" &&
+	! grep " want" "$U.D"
+'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
@@ -173,12 +176,26 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch with incomplete alternates' '
 	(
 		cd K &&
 		git remote add J "file://$base_dir/J" &&
-		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch J 3>"$U.K"
+		GIT_TRACE_PACKET=$U.K git fetch J
 	) &&
 	master_object=$(cd A && git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads/master) &&
-	! grep "^want $master_object" "$U.K" &&
+	test -s "$U.K" &&
+	! grep " want $master_object" "$U.K" &&
 	tag_object=$(cd A && git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/tags/HEAD) &&
-	! grep "^want $tag_object" "$U.K"
+	! grep " want $tag_object" "$U.K"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using repo with gitfile as a reference' '
+	git clone --separate-git-dir=L A M &&
+	git clone --reference=M A N &&
+	echo "$base_dir/L/objects" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected "$base_dir/N/.git/objects/info/alternates"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using repo pointed at by gitfile as reference' '
+	git clone --reference=M/.git A O &&
+	echo "$base_dir/L/objects" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected "$base_dir/O/.git/objects/info/alternates"
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5704-bundle.sh b/t/t5704-bundle.sh
index 9e43731..a45c316 100755
--- a/t/t5704-bundle.sh
+++ b/t/t5704-bundle.sh
@@ -58,4 +58,14 @@ test_expect_success 'ridiculously long subject in boundary' '
 	grep "^-[0-9a-f]\\{40\\} " boundary
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'prerequisites with an empty commit message' '
+	: >file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty-message -m "" &&
+	test_commit file2 &&
+	git bundle create bundle HEAD^.. &&
+	git bundle verify bundle
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh b/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
index aa04529..8956c21 100755
--- a/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
+++ b/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
@@ -58,13 +58,7 @@ test_expect_success 'creating too deep nesting' \
 git clone -l -s D E &&
 git clone -l -s E F &&
 git clone -l -s F G &&
-git clone -l -s G H'
-
-test_expect_success 'invalidity of deepest repository' \
-'cd H && {
-	test_valid_repo
-	test $? -ne 0
-}'
+test_must_fail git clone --bare -l -s G H'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
diff --git a/t/t5800-remote-helpers.sh b/t/t5800-remote-testpy.sh
index e7dc668..1e683d4 100755
--- a/t/t5800-remote-helpers.sh
+++ b/t/t5800-remote-testpy.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2010 Sverre Rabbelier
 #
 
-test_description='Test remote-helper import and export commands'
+test_description='Test python remote-helper framework'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON ; then
-	skip_all='skipping git-remote-hg tests, python not available'
+	skip_all='skipping python remote-helper tests, python not available'
 	test_done
 fi
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import sys
 if sys.hexversion < 0x02040000:
     sys.exit(1)
 ' || {
-	skip_all='skipping git-remote-hg tests, python version < 2.4'
+	skip_all='skipping python remote-helper tests, python version < 2.4'
 	test_done
 }
 
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cloning from local repo' '
-	git clone "testgit::${PWD}/server" localclone &&
+	git clone "testpy::${PWD}/server" localclone &&
 	test_cmp public/file localclone/file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cloning from remote repo' '
-	git clone "testgit::file://${PWD}/server" clone &&
+	git clone "testpy::file://${PWD}/server" clone &&
 	test_cmp public/file clone/file
 '
 
@@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ test_expect_success 'pushing to local repo' '
 '
 
 # Generally, skip this test.  It demonstrates a now-fixed race in
-# git-remote-testgit, but is too slow to leave in for general use.
+# git-remote-testpy, but is too slow to leave in for general use.
 : test_expect_success 'racily pushing to local repo' '
 	test_when_finished "rm -rf server2 localclone2" &&
 	cp -R server server2 &&
-	git clone "testgit::${PWD}/server2" localclone2 &&
+	git clone "testpy::${PWD}/server2" localclone2 &&
 	(cd localclone2 &&
 	echo content >>file &&
 	git commit -a -m three &&
@@ -145,4 +145,25 @@ test_expect_failure 'push new branch with old:new refspec' '
 	compare_refs clone HEAD server refs/heads/new-refspec
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'proper failure checks for fetching' '
+	(GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE=1 &&
+	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE &&
+	cd localclone &&
+	test_must_fail git fetch 2>&1 | \
+		grep "Error while running fast-import"
+	)
+'
+
+# We sleep to give fast-export a chance to catch the SIGPIPE
+test_expect_failure 'proper failure checks for pushing' '
+	(GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE=1 &&
+	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_SLEEPY=1 &&
+	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_SLEEPY &&
+	cd localclone &&
+	test_must_fail git push --all 2>&1 | \
+		grep "Error while running fast-export"
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5801-remote-helpers.sh b/t/t5801-remote-helpers.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4899af3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5801-remote-helpers.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Sverre Rabbelier
+#
+
+test_description='Test remote-helper import and export commands'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg.sh
+
+compare_refs() {
+	git --git-dir="$1/.git" rev-parse --verify $2 >expect &&
+	git --git-dir="$3/.git" rev-parse --verify $4 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	git init server &&
+	(cd server &&
+	 echo content >file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 git commit -m one)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning from local repo' '
+	git clone "testgit::${PWD}/server" local &&
+	test_cmp server/file local/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create new commit on remote' '
+	(cd server &&
+	 echo content >>file &&
+	 git commit -a -m two)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling from local repo' '
+	(cd local && git pull) &&
+	test_cmp server/file local/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pushing to local repo' '
+	(cd local &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m three &&
+	git push) &&
+	compare_refs local HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch new branch' '
+	(cd server &&
+	 git reset --hard &&
+	 git checkout -b new &&
+	 echo content >>file &&
+	 git commit -a -m five
+	) &&
+	(cd local &&
+	 git fetch origin new
+	) &&
+	compare_refs server HEAD local FETCH_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch multiple branches' '
+	(cd local &&
+	 git fetch
+	) &&
+	compare_refs server master local refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+	compare_refs server new local refs/remotes/origin/new
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push when remote has extra refs' '
+	(cd local &&
+	 git reset --hard origin/master &&
+	 echo content >>file &&
+	 git commit -a -m six &&
+	 git push
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local master server master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push new branch by name' '
+	(cd local &&
+	 git checkout -b new-name  &&
+	 echo content >>file &&
+	 git commit -a -m seven &&
+	 git push origin new-name
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local HEAD server refs/heads/new-name
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'push new branch with old:new refspec' '
+	(cd local &&
+	 git push origin new-name:new-refspec
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local HEAD server refs/heads/new-refspec
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning without refspec' '
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="" \
+	git clone "testgit::${PWD}/server" local2 2>error &&
+	grep "This remote helper should implement refspec capability" error &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling without refspecs' '
+	(cd local2 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="" git pull 2>../error) &&
+	grep "This remote helper should implement refspec capability" error &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pushing without refspecs' '
+	test_when_finished "(cd local2 && git reset --hard origin)" &&
+	(cd local2 &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m ten &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="" &&
+	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC &&
+	test_must_fail git push 2>../error) &&
+	grep "remote-helper doesn.t support push; refspec needed" error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling without marks' '
+	(cd local2 &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_NO_MARKS=1 git pull) &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'pushing without marks' '
+	test_when_finished "(cd local2 && git reset --hard origin)" &&
+	(cd local2 &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m twelve &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_NO_MARKS=1 git push) &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push all with existing object' '
+	(cd local &&
+	git branch dup2 master &&
+	git push origin --all
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local dup2 server dup2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push ref with existing object' '
+	(cd local &&
+	git branch dup master &&
+	git push origin dup
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local dup server dup
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'push signed tag' '
+	(cd local &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git tag -s -m signed-tag signed-tag &&
+	git push origin signed-tag
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local signed-tag^{} server signed-tag^{} &&
+	test_must_fail compare_refs local signed-tag server signed-tag
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'push signed tag with signed-tags capability' '
+	(cd local &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git tag -s -m signed-tag signed-tag-2 &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_SIGNED_TAGS=1 git push origin signed-tag-2
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local signed-tag-2 server signed-tag-2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push update refs' '
+	(cd local &&
+	git checkout -b update master &&
+	echo update >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m update &&
+	git push origin update &&
+	git rev-parse --verify remotes/origin/update >expect &&
+	git rev-parse --verify testgit/origin/heads/update >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push update refs failure' '
+	(cd local &&
+	git checkout update &&
+	echo "update fail" >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m "update fail" &&
+	git rev-parse --verify testgit/origin/heads/update >expect &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_PUSH_ERROR="non-fast forward" &&
+	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_PUSH_ERROR &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git push origin update &&
+	git rev-parse --verify testgit/origin/heads/update >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'proper failure checks for fetching' '
+	(GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE=1 &&
+	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE &&
+	cd local &&
+	test_must_fail git fetch 2> error &&
+	cat error &&
+	grep -q "Error while running fast-import" error
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'proper failure checks for pushing' '
+	(GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE=1 &&
+	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE &&
+	cd local &&
+	test_must_fail git push --all 2> error &&
+	cat error &&
+	grep -q "Reading from helper .git-remote-testgit. failed" error
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push messages' '
+	(cd local &&
+	git checkout -b new_branch master &&
+	echo new >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m new &&
+	git push origin new_branch &&
+	git fetch origin &&
+	echo new >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m new &&
+	git push origin new_branch 2> msg &&
+	! grep "\[new branch\]" msg
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
index f94f0c4..0393c9f 100755
--- a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
+++ b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 test_description='git rev-list --pretty=format test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
 test_tick
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
@@ -11,12 +12,24 @@ touch foo && git add foo && git commit -m "added foo" &&
 '
 
 # usage: test_format name format_string <expected_output
-test_format() {
+test_format () {
 	cat >expect.$1
 	test_expect_success "format $1" "
-git rev-list --pretty=format:'$2' master >output.$1 &&
-test_cmp expect.$1 output.$1
-"
+		git rev-list --pretty=format:'$2' master >output.$1 &&
+		test_cmp expect.$1 output.$1
+	"
+}
+
+# Feed to --format to provide predictable colored sequences.
+AUTO_COLOR='%C(auto,red)foo%C(auto,reset)'
+has_color () {
+	printf '\033[31mfoo\033[m\n' >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect "$1"
+}
+
+has_no_color () {
+	echo foo >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect "$1"
 }
 
 test_format percent %%h <<'EOF'
@@ -124,12 +137,54 @@ commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
 foo
 EOF
 
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) does not enable color by default' '
+	git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 >actual &&
+	has_no_color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) enables colors for color.diff' '
+	git -c color.diff=always log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 >actual &&
+	has_color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) enables colors for color.ui' '
+	git -c color.ui=always log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 >actual &&
+	has_color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) respects --color' '
+	git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --color >actual &&
+	has_color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) respects --no-color' '
+	git -c color.ui=always log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --no-color >actual &&
+	has_no_color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY '%C(auto) respects --color=auto (stdout is tty)' '
+	(
+		TERM=vt100 && export TERM &&
+		test_terminal \
+			git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --color=auto >actual &&
+		has_color actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) respects --color=auto (stdout not tty)' '
+	(
+		TERM=vt100 && export TERM &&
+		git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --color=auto >actual &&
+		has_no_color actual
+	)
+'
+
 cat >commit-msg <<'EOF'
 Test printing of complex bodies
 
 This commit message is much longer than the others,
 and it will be encoded in iso8859-1. We should therefore
-include an iso8859 character: ¡bueno!
+include an iso8859 character: ¡bueno!
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'setup complex body' '
 git config i18n.commitencoding iso8859-1 &&
@@ -137,14 +192,14 @@ git config i18n.commitencoding iso8859-1 &&
 '
 
 test_format complex-encoding %e <<'EOF'
-commit f58db70b055c5718631e5c61528b28b12090cdea
+commit 1ed88da4a5b5ed8c449114ac131efc62178734c3
 iso8859-1
 commit 131a310eb913d107dd3c09a65d1651175898735d
 commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
 EOF
 
 test_format complex-subject %s <<'EOF'
-commit f58db70b055c5718631e5c61528b28b12090cdea
+commit 1ed88da4a5b5ed8c449114ac131efc62178734c3
 Test printing of complex bodies
 commit 131a310eb913d107dd3c09a65d1651175898735d
 changed foo
@@ -153,17 +208,17 @@ added foo
 EOF
 
 test_format complex-body %b <<'EOF'
-commit f58db70b055c5718631e5c61528b28b12090cdea
+commit 1ed88da4a5b5ed8c449114ac131efc62178734c3
 This commit message is much longer than the others,
 and it will be encoded in iso8859-1. We should therefore
-include an iso8859 character: ¡bueno!
+include an iso8859 character: ¡bueno!
 
 commit 131a310eb913d107dd3c09a65d1651175898735d
 commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success '%x00 shows NUL' '
-	echo  >expect commit f58db70b055c5718631e5c61528b28b12090cdea &&
+	echo  >expect commit 1ed88da4a5b5ed8c449114ac131efc62178734c3 &&
 	echo >>expect fooQbar &&
 	git rev-list -1 --format=foo%x00bar HEAD >actual.nul &&
 	nul_to_q <actual.nul >actual &&
diff --git a/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh b/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
index 839ad97..dd6dc84 100755
--- a/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
+++ b/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
@@ -56,19 +56,37 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	echo "Final change" >file &&
 	test_tick && git commit -a -m "Final change" &&
-	note I
+	note I &&
+
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/unrelated &&
+	git rm -f "*" &&
+	echo "Unrelated branch" >side &&
+	git add side &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "Side root" &&
+	note J &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_tick && git merge -m "Coolest" unrelated &&
+	note K &&
+
+	echo "Immaterial" >elif &&
+	git add elif &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "Last" &&
+	note L
 '
 
 FMT='tformat:%P 	%H | %s'
 
-check_result () {
+check_outcome () {
+	outcome=$1
+	shift
 	for c in $1
 	do
 		echo "$c"
 	done >expect &&
 	shift &&
 	param="$*" &&
-	test_expect_success "log $param" '
+	test_expect_$outcome "log $param" '
 		git log --pretty="$FMT" --parents $param |
 		unnote >actual &&
 		sed -e "s/^.*	\([^ ]*\) .*/\1/" >check <actual &&
@@ -79,11 +97,15 @@ check_result () {
 	'
 }
 
-check_result 'I H G F E D C B A' --full-history
-check_result 'I H E C B A' --full-history -- file
-check_result 'I H E C B A' --full-history --topo-order -- file
-check_result 'I H E C B A' --full-history --date-order -- file
-check_result 'I E C B A' --simplify-merges -- file
+check_result () {
+	check_outcome success "$@"
+}
+
+check_result 'L K J I H G F E D C B A' --full-history
+check_result 'K I H E C B A' --full-history -- file
+check_result 'K I H E C B A' --full-history --topo-order -- file
+check_result 'K I H E C B A' --full-history --date-order -- file
+check_outcome failure 'I E C B A' --simplify-merges -- file
 check_result 'I B A' -- file
 check_result 'I B A' --topo-order -- file
 check_result 'H' --first-parent -- another-file
diff --git a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
index 3e0e15f..064f5ce 100755
--- a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
+++ b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bisect start: existing ".git/BISECT_START" not modified if
 	cp .git/BISECT_START saved &&
 	test_must_fail git bisect start $HASH4 foo -- &&
 	git branch > branch.output &&
-	test_i18ngrep "* (no branch)" branch.output > /dev/null &&
+	test_i18ngrep "* (no branch, bisect started on other)" branch.output > /dev/null &&
 	test_cmp saved .git/BISECT_START
 '
 test_expect_success 'bisect start: no ".git/BISECT_START" if mistaken rev' '
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bisect start: no ".git/BISECT_START" if checkout error' '
 # $HASH1 is good, $HASH4 is bad, we skip $HASH3
 # but $HASH2 is bad,
 # so we should find $HASH2 as the first bad commit
-test_expect_success 'bisect skip: successfull result' '
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip: successful result' '
 	git bisect reset &&
 	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 &&
 	git bisect skip &&
@@ -741,4 +741,42 @@ test_expect_success 'bisect: demonstrate identification of damage boundary' "
 	git bisect reset
 "
 
+cat > expected.bisect-log <<EOF
+# bad: [32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
+# good: [7b7f204a749c3125d5224ed61ea2ae1187ad046f] Add <2: A new day for git> into <hello>.
+git bisect start '32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c' '7b7f204a749c3125d5224ed61ea2ae1187ad046f'
+# good: [3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c] Add <3: Another new day for git> into <hello>.
+git bisect good 3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c
+# first bad commit: [32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect log: successfull result' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH2 &&
+	git bisect good &&
+	git bisect log >bisect-log.txt &&
+	test_cmp expected.bisect-log bisect-log.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
+cat > expected.bisect-skip-log <<EOF
+# bad: [32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
+# good: [7b7f204a749c3125d5224ed61ea2ae1187ad046f] Add <2: A new day for git> into <hello>.
+git bisect start '32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c' '7b7f204a749c3125d5224ed61ea2ae1187ad046f'
+# skip: [3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c] Add <3: Another new day for git> into <hello>.
+git bisect skip 3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c
+# only skipped commits left to test
+# possible first bad commit: [32a594a3fdac2d57cf6d02987e30eec68511498c] Add <4: Ciao for now> into <hello>.
+# possible first bad commit: [3de952f2416b6084f557ec417709eac740c6818c] Add <3: Another new day for git> into <hello>.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect log: only skip commits left' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH2 &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect skip &&
+	git bisect log >bisect-skip-log.txt &&
+	test_cmp expected.bisect-skip-log bisect-skip-log.txt &&
+	git bisect reset
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6130-pathspec-noglob.sh b/t/t6130-pathspec-noglob.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..39ef619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6130-pathspec-noglob.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test globbing (and noglob) of pathspec limiting'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create commits with glob characters' '
+	test_commit unrelated bar &&
+	test_commit vanilla foo &&
+	# insert file "f*" in the commit, but in a way that avoids
+	# the name "f*" in the worktree, because it is not allowed
+	# on Windows (the tests below do not depend on the presence
+	# of the file in the worktree)
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 "$(git rev-parse HEAD:foo)" "f*" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m star &&
+	test_commit bracket "f[o][o]"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'vanilla pathspec matches literally' '
+	echo vanilla >expect &&
+	git log --format=%s -- foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'star pathspec globs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	bracket
+	star
+	vanilla
+	EOF
+	git log --format=%s -- "f*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bracket pathspec globs and matches literal brackets' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	bracket
+	vanilla
+	EOF
+	git log --format=%s -- "f[o][o]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no-glob option matches literally (vanilla)' '
+	echo vanilla >expect &&
+	git --literal-pathspecs log --format=%s -- foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no-glob option matches literally (star)' '
+	echo star >expect &&
+	git --literal-pathspecs log --format=%s -- "f*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no-glob option matches literally (bracket)' '
+	echo bracket >expect &&
+	git --literal-pathspecs log --format=%s -- "f[o][o]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no-glob environment variable works' '
+	echo star >expect &&
+	GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log --format=%s -- "f*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh b/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
index 992c2a0..54b5744 100755
--- a/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
+++ b/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ test_expect_success '[merge] summary/log configuration' '
 	  Common #1
 	EOF
 
-	git config merge.log true &&
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.summary &&
+	test_config merge.log true &&
+	test_unconfig merge.summary &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ test_expect_success '[merge] summary/log configuration' '
 
 	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual1 &&
 
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.log &&
-	git config merge.summary true &&
+	test_unconfig merge.log &&
+	test_config merge.summary true &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -134,11 +134,6 @@ test_expect_success '[merge] summary/log configuration' '
 	test_cmp expected actual2
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'setup: clear [merge] configuration' '
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.log &&
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.summary
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'setup FETCH_HEAD' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -180,6 +175,24 @@ test_expect_success 'merge.log=5 shows all 5 commits' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--log=5 with custom comment character' '
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Merge branch ${apos}left${apos}
+
+	x By Another Author (3) and A U Thor (2)
+	x Via Another Committer
+	* left:
+	  Left #5
+	  Left #4
+	  Left #3
+	  Common #2
+	  Common #1
+	EOF
+
+	git -c core.commentchar="x" fmt-merge-msg --log=5 <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge.log=0 disables shortlog' '
 	echo "Merge branch ${apos}left${apos}" >expected
 	git -c merge.log=0 fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
@@ -248,14 +261,14 @@ test_expect_success 'fmt-merge-msg -m' '
 	  Common #1
 	EOF
 
-	test_might_fail git config --unset merge.log &&
-	test_might_fail git config --unset merge.summary &&
+	test_unconfig merge.log &&
+	test_unconfig merge.summary &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	git fetch "$(pwd)" left &&
 	git fmt-merge-msg -m "Sync with left" <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
 	git fmt-merge-msg --log -m "Sync with left" \
 					<.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual.log &&
-	git config merge.log true &&
+	test_config merge.log true &&
 	git fmt-merge-msg -m "Sync with left" \
 					<.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual.log-config &&
 	git fmt-merge-msg --no-log -m "Sync with left" \
@@ -290,29 +303,29 @@ test_expect_success 'setup: expected shortlog for two branches' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'shortlog for two branches' '
-	git config merge.log true &&
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.summary &&
+	test_config merge.log true &&
+	test_unconfig merge.summary &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git fetch . left right &&
 	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual1 &&
 
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.log &&
-	git config merge.summary true &&
+	test_unconfig merge.log &&
+	test_config merge.summary true &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git fetch . left right &&
 	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual2 &&
 
-	git config merge.log yes &&
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.summary &&
+	test_config merge.log yes &&
+	test_unconfig merge.summary &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git fetch . left right &&
 	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual3 &&
 
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.log &&
-	git config merge.summary yes &&
+	test_unconfig merge.log &&
+	test_config merge.summary yes &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git fetch . left right &&
@@ -325,8 +338,8 @@ test_expect_success 'shortlog for two branches' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-msg -F' '
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.log &&
-	git config merge.summary yes &&
+	test_unconfig merge.log &&
+	test_config merge.summary yes &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git fetch . left right &&
@@ -335,8 +348,8 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg -F' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-msg -F in subdirectory' '
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.log &&
-	git config merge.summary yes &&
+	test_unconfig merge.log &&
+	test_config merge.summary yes &&
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git fetch . left right &&
@@ -350,8 +363,8 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg -F in subdirectory' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-msg with nothing to merge' '
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.log &&
-	git config merge.summary yes &&
+	test_unconfig merge.log &&
+	test_config merge.summary yes &&
 
 	>empty &&
 
@@ -376,8 +389,8 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg tag' '
 	  Common #1
 	EOF
 
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.log &&
-	git config merge.summary yes &&
+	test_unconfig merge.log &&
+	test_config merge.summary yes &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -406,8 +419,8 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg two tags' '
 	  Common #1
 	EOF
 
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.log &&
-	git config merge.summary yes &&
+	test_unconfig merge.log &&
+	test_config merge.summary yes &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -436,8 +449,8 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg tag and branch' '
 	  Common #1
 	EOF
 
-	test_might_fail git config --unset-all merge.log &&
-	git config merge.summary yes &&
+	test_unconfig merge.log &&
+	test_config merge.summary yes &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -464,6 +477,8 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg lots of commits' '
 		echo "  ..."
 	} >expected &&
 
+	test_config merge.summary yes &&
+
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git fetch . long &&
@@ -472,4 +487,43 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg lots of commits' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg with "merging" an annotated tag' '
+	test_config merge.log true &&
+
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "One step ahead" &&
+	git tag -a -m "An annotated one" annote HEAD &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	git fetch . annote &&
+
+	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+	{
+		cat <<-\EOF
+		Merge tag '\''annote'\''
+
+		An annotated one
+
+		* tag '\''annote'\'':
+		  One step ahead
+		EOF
+	} >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	annote=$(git rev-parse annote) &&
+	git merge --no-commit $annote &&
+	{
+		cat <<-EOF
+		Merge tag '\''$annote'\''
+
+		An annotated one
+
+		* tag '\''$annote'\'':
+		  One step ahead
+		EOF
+	} >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected .git/MERGE_MSG
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh b/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
index 1e7a209..9496736 100755
--- a/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
@@ -64,6 +64,20 @@ test_expect_success 'correct GIT_DIR while using -d' '
 	grep drepo "$TRASHDIR/backup-refs"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'tree-filter works with -d' '
+	git init drepo-tree &&
+	(
+		cd drepo-tree &&
+		test_commit one &&
+		git filter-branch -d "$TRASHDIR/dfoo" \
+			--tree-filter "echo changed >one.t" &&
+		echo changed >expect &&
+		git cat-file blob HEAD:one.t >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		test_cmp one.t actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'Fail if commit filter fails' '
 	test_must_fail git filter-branch -f --commit-filter "exit 1" HEAD
 '
diff --git a/t/t7004-tag.sh b/t/t7004-tag.sh
index f5a79b1..c8d6e9f 100755
--- a/t/t7004-tag.sh
+++ b/t/t7004-tag.sh
@@ -104,6 +104,18 @@ test_expect_success 'creating a tag using HEAD directly should succeed' '
 	tag_exists myhead
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--force can create a tag with the name of one existing' '
+	tag_exists mytag &&
+	git tag --force mytag &&
+	tag_exists mytag'
+
+test_expect_success '--force is moot with a non-existing tag name' '
+	git tag newtag >expect &&
+	git tag --force forcetag >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+git tag -d newtag forcetag
+
 # deleting tags:
 
 test_expect_success 'trying to delete an unknown tag should fail' '
diff --git a/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh b/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
index f4f38a5..52ef06b 100755
--- a/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
+++ b/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ test_description='basic work tree status reporting'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
+	git config --global advice.statusuoption false &&
 	test_commit A &&
 	test_commit B oneside added &&
 	git checkout A^0 &&
diff --git a/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh b/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh
index 0da1214..460789b 100755
--- a/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh
+++ b/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh
@@ -32,6 +32,25 @@ test_expect_success 'status untracked directory with --ignored -u' '
 	git status --porcelain --ignored -u >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? untracked/uncommitted
+!! untracked/ignored
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status prefixed untracked directory with --ignored' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored untracked/ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? untracked/uncommitted
+!! untracked/ignored
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status prefixed untracked sub-directory with --ignored -u' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u untracked/ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 ?? .gitignore
@@ -64,13 +83,35 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 ?? .gitignore
 ?? actual
 ?? expected
-!! untracked-ignored/
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'status untracked directory with ignored files with --ignore' '
+test_expect_success 'status empty untracked directory with --ignore' '
 	rm -rf ignored &&
 	mkdir untracked-ignored &&
 	mkdir untracked-ignored/test &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status empty untracked directory with --ignore -u' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! untracked-ignored/
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status untracked directory with ignored files with --ignore' '
 	: >untracked-ignored/ignored &&
 	: >untracked-ignored/test/ignored &&
 	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
@@ -122,10 +163,34 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 ?? .gitignore
 ?? actual
 ?? expected
-!! tracked/
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory and ignored file with --ignore' '
+	echo "committed" >>.gitignore &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory and ignored file with --ignore -u' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! tracked/uncommitted
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory and uncommitted file with --ignore' '
+	echo "tracked" >.gitignore &&
 	: >tracked/uncommitted &&
 	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -143,4 +208,58 @@ test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory and uncommitted file with
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! tracked/ignored/
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory with uncommitted file in untracked subdir with --ignore' '
+	rm -rf tracked/uncommitted &&
+	mkdir tracked/ignored &&
+	: >tracked/ignored/uncommitted &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! tracked/ignored/uncommitted
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory with uncommitted file in untracked subdir with --ignore -u' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! tracked/ignored/uncommitted
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory with uncommitted file in tracked subdir with --ignore' '
+	: >tracked/ignored/committed &&
+	git add -f tracked/ignored/committed &&
+	git commit -m. &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! tracked/ignored/uncommitted
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory with uncommitted file in tracked subdir with --ignore -u' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7102-reset.sh b/t/t7102-reset.sh
index b096dc8..df82ec9 100755
--- a/t/t7102-reset.sh
+++ b/t/t7102-reset.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@ test_expect_success 'creating initial files and commits' '
 
 	echo "1st line 2nd file" >secondfile &&
 	echo "2nd line 2nd file" >>secondfile &&
-	git commit -a -m "modify 2nd file"
+	git commit -a -m "modify 2nd file" &&
+	head5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 '
 # git log --pretty=oneline # to see those SHA1 involved
 
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ test_expect_success 'giving a non existing revision should fail' '
 	test_must_fail git reset --mixed aaaaaa &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --soft aaaaaa &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --hard aaaaaa &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reset --soft with unmerged index should fail' '
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	test_must_fail git reset --hard -- first &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --soft HEAD^ -- first &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --hard HEAD^ -- first &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'giving unrecognized options should fail' '
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ test_expect_success 'giving unrecognized options should fail' '
 	test_must_fail git reset --soft -o &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --hard --other &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --hard -o &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	git branch -D branch1 branch2 &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -133,27 +134,27 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	git branch -D branch3 branch4 &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'resetting to HEAD with no changes should succeed and do nothing' '
 	git reset --hard &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset --soft &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset --soft HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset --mixed &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset --mixed HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+		check_changes $head5
 '
 
 >.diff_expect
@@ -176,7 +177,7 @@ test_expect_success '--soft reset only should show changes in diff --cached' '
 	git reset --soft HEAD^ &&
 	check_changes d1a4bc3abce4829628ae2dcb0d60ef3d1a78b1c4 &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse ORIG_HEAD)" = \
-			3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+			$head5
 '
 
 >.diff_expect
@@ -193,7 +194,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	git commit -a -C ORIG_HEAD &&
 	check_changes 3d3b7be011a58ca0c179ae45d94e6c83c0b0cd0d &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse ORIG_HEAD)" = \
-			3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+			$head5
 '
 
 >.diff_expect
@@ -303,7 +304,7 @@ test_expect_success 'redoing the last two commits should succeed' '
 	echo "1st line 2nd file" >secondfile &&
 	echo "2nd line 2nd file" >>secondfile &&
 	git commit -a -m "modify 2nd file" &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 >.diff_expect
@@ -341,15 +342,15 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'--hard reset to ORIG_HEAD should clear a fast-forward merge' '
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+	check_changes $head5 &&
 
 	git pull . branch1 &&
 	git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+	check_changes $head5 &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	git branch -D branch1 branch2 &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
@@ -388,7 +389,8 @@ test_expect_success 'test --mixed <paths>' '
 	echo 4 > file4 &&
 	echo 5 > file1 &&
 	git add file1 file3 file4 &&
-	test_must_fail git reset HEAD -- file1 file2 file3 &&
+	git reset HEAD -- file1 file2 file3 &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	git diff > output &&
 	test_cmp output expect &&
 	git diff --cached > output &&
@@ -402,7 +404,8 @@ test_expect_success 'test resetting the index at give paths' '
 	>sub/file2 &&
 	git update-index --add sub/file1 sub/file2 &&
 	T=$(git write-tree) &&
-	test_must_fail git reset HEAD sub/file2 &&
+	git reset HEAD sub/file2 &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	U=$(git write-tree) &&
 	echo "$T" &&
 	echo "$U" &&
@@ -440,7 +443,8 @@ test_expect_success 'resetting specific path that is unmerged' '
 		echo "100644 $F3 3	file2"
 	} | git update-index --index-info &&
 	git ls-files -u &&
-	test_must_fail git reset HEAD file2 &&
+	git reset HEAD file2 &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD
 '
 
@@ -449,7 +453,8 @@ test_expect_success 'disambiguation (1)' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	>secondfile &&
 	git add secondfile &&
-	test_must_fail git reset secondfile &&
+	git reset secondfile &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet -- secondfile &&
 	test -z "$(git diff --cached --name-only)" &&
 	test -f secondfile &&
 	test ! -s secondfile
@@ -474,7 +479,8 @@ test_expect_success 'disambiguation (3)' '
 	>secondfile &&
 	git add secondfile &&
 	rm -f secondfile &&
-	test_must_fail git reset HEAD secondfile &&
+	git reset HEAD secondfile &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	test -z "$(git diff --cached --name-only)" &&
 	test ! -f secondfile
 
@@ -486,9 +492,18 @@ test_expect_success 'disambiguation (4)' '
 	>secondfile &&
 	git add secondfile &&
 	rm -f secondfile &&
-	test_must_fail git reset -- secondfile &&
+	git reset -- secondfile &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	test -z "$(git diff --cached --name-only)" &&
 	test ! -f secondfile
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reset with paths accepts tree' '
+	# for simpler tests, drop last commit containing added files
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	git reset HEAD^^{tree} -- . &&
+	git diff --cached HEAD^ --exit-code &&
+	git diff HEAD --exit-code
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7106-reset-unborn-branch.sh b/t/t7106-reset-unborn-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8062cf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7106-reset-unborn-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git reset should work on unborn branch'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo a >a &&
+	echo b >b
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset' '
+	git add a b &&
+	git reset &&
+	test "$(git ls-files)" = ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset HEAD' '
+	rm .git/index &&
+	git add a b &&
+	test_must_fail git reset HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset $file' '
+	rm .git/index &&
+	git add a b &&
+	git reset a &&
+	test "$(git ls-files)" = "b"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset -p' '
+	rm .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	echo y | git reset -p &&
+	test "$(git ls-files)" = ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset --soft is a no-op' '
+	rm .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	git reset --soft
+	test "$(git ls-files)" = "a"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset --hard' '
+	rm .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test "$(git ls-files)" = "" &&
+	test_path_is_missing a
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7300-clean.sh b/t/t7300-clean.sh
index ccfb54d..710be90 100755
--- a/t/t7300-clean.sh
+++ b/t/t7300-clean.sh
@@ -298,6 +298,23 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -d -x' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git clean -d -x with ignored tracked directory' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean -d -x -e src &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test ! -f a.out &&
+	test -f src/part3.c &&
+	test ! -d docs &&
+	test ! -f obj.o &&
+	test ! -d build
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git clean -X' '
 
 	mkdir -p build docs &&
@@ -332,6 +349,23 @@ test_expect_success 'git clean -d -X' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git clean -d -X with ignored tracked directory' '
+
+	mkdir -p build docs &&
+	touch a.out src/part3.c docs/manual.txt obj.o build/lib.so &&
+	git clean -d -X -e src &&
+	test -f Makefile &&
+	test -f README &&
+	test -f src/part1.c &&
+	test -f src/part2.c &&
+	test -f a.out &&
+	test ! -f src/part3.c &&
+	test -f docs/manual.txt &&
+	test ! -f obj.o &&
+	test ! -d build
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'clean.requireForce defaults to true' '
 
 	git config --unset clean.requireForce &&
diff --git a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
index de7d453..ff26535 100755
--- a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add --branch' '
 	(
 		cd addtest &&
 		git submodule add -b initial "$submodurl" submod-branch &&
+		test "initial" = "$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submod-branch.branch)" &&
 		git submodule init
 	) &&
 
@@ -756,4 +757,115 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add with an existing name fails unless forced' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'set up a second submodule' '
+	git submodule add ./init2 example2 &&
+	git commit -m "submodule example2 added"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit should remove the whole submodule section from .git/config' '
+	git config submodule.example.foo bar &&
+	git config submodule.example2.frotz nitfol &&
+	git submodule deinit init &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
+	test -n "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example2\.")" &&
+	test -f example2/.git &&
+	rmdir init
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit . deinits all initialized submodules' '
+	git submodule update --init &&
+	git config submodule.example.foo bar &&
+	git config submodule.example2.frotz nitfol &&
+	test_must_fail git submodule deinit &&
+	git submodule deinit . >actual &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example2\.")" &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .example2" actual &&
+	rmdir init example2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit deinits a submodule when its work tree is missing or empty' '
+	git submodule update --init &&
+	rm -rf init example2/* example2/.git &&
+	git submodule deinit init example2 >actual &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example2\.")" &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .example2" actual &&
+	rmdir init
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit fails when the submodule contains modifications unless forced' '
+	git submodule update --init &&
+	echo X >>init/s &&
+	test_must_fail git submodule deinit init &&
+	test -n "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
+	test -f example2/.git &&
+	git submodule deinit -f init >actual &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	rmdir init
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit fails when the submodule contains untracked files unless forced' '
+	git submodule update --init &&
+	echo X >>init/untracked &&
+	test_must_fail git submodule deinit init &&
+	test -n "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
+	test -f example2/.git &&
+	git submodule deinit -f init >actual &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	rmdir init
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit fails when the submodule HEAD does not match unless forced' '
+	git submodule update --init &&
+	(
+		cd init &&
+		git checkout HEAD^
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git submodule deinit init &&
+	test -n "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
+	test -f example2/.git &&
+	git submodule deinit -f init >actual &&
+	test -z "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")" &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	rmdir init
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit is silent when used on an uninitialized submodule' '
+	git submodule update --init &&
+	git submodule deinit init >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Submodule .example. (.*) unregistered for path .init" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	git submodule deinit init >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Submodule .example. (.*) unregistered for path .init" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	git submodule deinit . >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Submodule .example. (.*) unregistered for path .init" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Submodule .example2. (.*) unregistered for path .example2" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	git submodule deinit . >actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Submodule .example. (.*) unregistered for path .init" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "Submodule .example2. (.*) unregistered for path .example2" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Cleared directory .init" actual &&
+	rmdir init example2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule deinit fails when submodule has a .git directory even when forced' '
+	git submodule update --init &&
+	(
+		cd init &&
+		rm .git &&
+		cp -R ../.git/modules/example .git &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=. git config --unset core.worktree
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git submodule deinit init &&
+	test_must_fail git submodule deinit -f init &&
+	test -d init/.git &&
+	test -n "$(git config --get-regexp "submodule\.example\.")"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
index feaec6c..a4ffea0 100755
--- a/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
+++ b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
@@ -135,6 +135,37 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update --force forcibly checks out submodules' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --remote should fetch upstream changes' '
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 echo line4 >> file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m "upstream line4"
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 git submodule update --remote --force submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 test "$(git log -1 --oneline)" = "$(GIT_DIR=../../submodule/.git git log -1 --oneline)"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local config should override .gitmodules branch' '
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 git checkout -b test-branch &&
+	 echo line5 >> file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m "upstream line5" &&
+	 git checkout master
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.branch test-branch &&
+	 git submodule update --remote --force submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 test "$(git log -1 --oneline)" = "$(GIT_DIR=../../submodule/.git git log -1 --oneline test-branch)"
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'submodule update --rebase staying on master' '
 	(cd super/submodule &&
 	  git checkout master
@@ -565,14 +596,14 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add places git-dir in superprojects git-dir recur
 	   git log > ../../../expected
 	  ) &&
 	  git commit -m "added subsubmodule" &&
-	  git push
+	  git push origin :
 	 ) &&
 	 (cd .git/modules/deeper/submodule/modules/subsubmodule &&
 	  git log > ../../../../../actual
 	 ) &&
 	 git add deeper/submodule &&
 	 git commit -m "update submodule" &&
-	 git push &&
+	 git push origin : &&
 	 test_cmp actual expected
 	)
 '
@@ -612,7 +643,8 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update places git-dir in superprojects git-dir re
 	rm -rf super_update_r2 &&
 	git clone super_update_r super_update_r2 &&
 	(cd super_update_r2 &&
-	 git submodule update --init --recursive &&
+	 git submodule update --init --recursive >actual &&
+	 test_i18ngrep "Submodule path .submodule/subsubmodule.: checked out" actual &&
 	 (cd submodule/subsubmodule &&
 	  git log > ../../expected
 	 ) &&
@@ -633,8 +665,10 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule add properly re-creates deeper level submodules'
 
 test_expect_success 'submodule update properly revives a moved submodule' '
 	(cd super &&
+	 H=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
 	 git commit -am "pre move" &&
-	 git status >expect&&
+	 H2=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	 git status | sed "s/$H/XXX/" >expect &&
 	 H=$(cd submodule2; git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	 git rm --cached submodule2 &&
 	 rm -rf submodule2 &&
@@ -643,7 +677,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule update properly revives a moved submodule' '
 	 git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule2.path "moved/sub module"
 	 git commit -am "post move" &&
 	 git submodule update &&
-	 git status >actual &&
+	 git status | sed "s/$H2/XXX/" >actual &&
 	 test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 '
diff --git a/t/t7409-submodule-detached-worktree.sh b/t/t7409-submodule-detached-worktree.sh
index 2fec13d..c207171 100755
--- a/t/t7409-submodule-detached-worktree.sh
+++ b/t/t7409-submodule-detached-worktree.sh
@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule on detached working tree' '
 	mkdir home &&
 	(
 		cd home &&
-		export GIT_WORK_TREE="$(pwd)" GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE="$(pwd)" &&
+		GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		export GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_DIR &&
 		git clone --bare ../remote .dotfiles &&
 		git submodule add ../bundle1 .vim/bundle/sogood &&
 		test_commit "sogood" &&
@@ -39,7 +41,9 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule on detached working tree' '
 	(
 		cd home2 &&
 		git clone --bare ../remote .dotfiles &&
-		export GIT_WORK_TREE="$(pwd)" GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE="$(pwd)" &&
+		GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		export GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_DIR &&
 		git checkout master &&
 		git submodule update --init &&
 		(
@@ -55,7 +59,8 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule on detached working pointed by core.worktree' '
 	mkdir home3 &&
 	(
 		cd home3 &&
-		export GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
 		git clone --bare ../remote "$GIT_DIR" &&
 		git config core.bare false &&
 		git config core.worktree .. &&
@@ -66,7 +71,8 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule on detached working pointed by core.worktree' '
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd home &&
-		export GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
 		git config core.bare false &&
 		git config core.worktree .. &&
 		git pull &&
diff --git a/t/t7500-commit.sh b/t/t7500-commit.sh
index 1c908f4..436b7b6 100755
--- a/t/t7500-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7500-commit.sh
@@ -36,8 +36,7 @@ test_expect_success 'nonexistent template file should return error' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'nonexistent template file in config should return error' '
-	git config commit.template "$PWD"/notexist &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset commit.template" &&
+	test_config commit.template "$PWD"/notexist &&
 	(
 		GIT_EDITOR="echo hello >\"\$1\"" &&
 		export GIT_EDITOR &&
@@ -93,14 +92,13 @@ test_expect_success '-t option should be short for --template' '
 
 test_expect_success 'config-specified template should commit' '
 	echo "new template" > "$TEMPLATE" &&
-	git config commit.template "$TEMPLATE" &&
+	test_config commit.template "$TEMPLATE" &&
 	echo "more content" >> foo &&
 	git add foo &&
 	(
 		test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content &&
 		git commit
 	) &&
-	git config --unset commit.template &&
 	commit_msg_is "new templatecommit message"
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7500/add-content-and-comment b/t/t7500/add-content-and-comment
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c4dccff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7500/add-content-and-comment
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+echo "commit message" >> "$1"
+echo "# comment" >> "$1"
+exit 0
+
diff --git a/t/t7502-commit.sh b/t/t7502-commit.sh
index 1a5cb69..a4938b1 100755
--- a/t/t7502-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7502-commit.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,15 @@ test_description='git commit porcelain-ish'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+commit_msg_is () {
+	expect=commit_msg_is.expect
+	actual=commit_msg_is.actual
+
+	printf "%s" "$(git log --pretty=format:%s%b -1)" >$actual &&
+	printf "%s" "$1" >$expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp $expect $actual
+}
+
 # Arguments: [<prefix] [<commit message>] [<commit options>]
 check_summary_oneline() {
 	test_tick &&
@@ -162,23 +171,30 @@ test_expect_success 'verbose' '
 
 test_expect_success 'verbose respects diff config' '
 
-	git config color.diff always &&
+	test_config color.diff always &&
 	git status -v >actual &&
-	grep "\[1mdiff --git" actual &&
-	git config --unset color.diff
+	grep "\[1mdiff --git" actual
+'
+
+mesg_with_comment_and_newlines='
+# text
+
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim,-t)' '
+test_expect_success 'prepare file with comment line and trailing newlines'  '
+	printf "%s" "$mesg_with_comment_and_newlines" >expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim option,-t)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
-	{ echo;echo "# text";echo; } >expect &&
-	git commit --cleanup=verbatim -t expect -a &&
-	git cat-file -p HEAD |sed -e "1,/^\$/d" |head -n 3 >actual &&
+	git commit --cleanup=verbatim --no-status -t expect -a &&
+	git cat-file -p HEAD |sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim,-F)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim option,-F)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	git commit --cleanup=verbatim -F expect -a &&
@@ -187,16 +203,16 @@ test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim,-F)' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim,-m)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim option,-m)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
-	git commit --cleanup=verbatim -m "$(cat expect)" -a &&
+	git commit --cleanup=verbatim -m "$mesg_with_comment_and_newlines" -a &&
 	git cat-file -p HEAD |sed -e "1,/^\$/d">actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (whitespace,-F)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (whitespace option,-F)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	{ echo;echo "# text";echo; } >text &&
@@ -207,7 +223,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (whitespace,-F)' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip option,-F)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	{ echo;echo "# text";echo sample;echo; } >text &&
@@ -218,7 +234,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F)' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F,-e)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip option,-F,-e)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	{ echo;echo sample;echo; } >text &&
@@ -231,10 +247,79 @@ echo "sample
 # Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting
 # with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit." >expect
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F,-e): output' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip option,-F,-e): output' '
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (fail on invalid cleanup mode option)' '
+	test_must_fail git commit --cleanup=non-existent
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (fail on invalid cleanup mode configuration)' '
+	test_must_fail git -c commit.cleanup=non-existent commit
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (no config and no option uses default)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	(
+	  test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content-and-comment &&
+	  git commit --no-status
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "commit message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (option overrides default)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	(
+	  test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content-and-comment &&
+	  git commit --cleanup=whitespace --no-status
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "commit message # comment"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (config overrides default)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	(
+	  test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content-and-comment &&
+	  git -c commit.cleanup=whitespace commit --no-status
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "commit message # comment"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (option overrides config)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	(
+	  test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content-and-comment &&
+	  git -c commit.cleanup=whitespace commit --cleanup=default
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "commit message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (default, -m)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "message #comment " &&
+	commit_msg_is "message #comment"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (whitespace option, -m)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --cleanup=whitespace --no-status -m "message #comment " &&
+	commit_msg_is "message #comment"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (whitespace config, -m)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git -c commit.cleanup=whitespace commit --no-status -m "message #comment " &&
+	commit_msg_is "message #comment"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'message shows author when it is not equal to committer' '
 	echo >>negative &&
 	git commit -e -m "sample" -a &&
@@ -339,6 +424,18 @@ test_expect_success 'A single-liner subject with a token plus colon is not a foo
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'commit -s places sob on third line after two empty lines' '
+	git commit -s --allow-empty --allow-empty-message &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expect &&
+
+
+	Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>
+
+	EOF
+	sed -e "/^#/d" -e "s/^:.*//" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 write_script .git/FAKE_EDITOR <<\EOF
 mv "$1" "$1.orig"
 (
@@ -349,16 +446,6 @@ EOF
 
 echo '## Custom template' >template
 
-clear_config () {
-	(
-		git config --unset-all "$1"
-		case $? in
-		0|5)	exit 0 ;;
-		*)	exit 1 ;;
-		esac
-	)
-}
-
 try_commit () {
 	git reset --hard &&
 	echo >>negative &&
@@ -374,67 +461,57 @@ try_commit () {
 try_commit_status_combo () {
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit' '
-		clear_config commit.status &&
 		try_commit "" &&
 		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit' '
-		clear_config commit.status &&
 		try_commit "" &&
 		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --status' '
-		clear_config commit.status &&
 		try_commit --status &&
 		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --no-status' '
-		clear_config commit.status &&
 		try_commit --no-status &&
 		test_i18ngrep ! "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit with commit.status = yes' '
-		clear_config commit.status &&
-		git config commit.status yes &&
+		test_config commit.status yes &&
 		try_commit "" &&
 		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit with commit.status = no' '
-		clear_config commit.status &&
-		git config commit.status no &&
+		test_config commit.status no &&
 		try_commit "" &&
 		test_i18ngrep ! "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --status with commit.status = yes' '
-		clear_config commit.status &&
-		git config commit.status yes &&
+		test_config commit.status yes &&
 		try_commit --status &&
 		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --no-status with commit.status = yes' '
-		clear_config commit.status &&
-		git config commit.status yes &&
+		test_config commit.status yes &&
 		try_commit --no-status &&
 		test_i18ngrep ! "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --status with commit.status = no' '
-		clear_config commit.status &&
-		git config commit.status no &&
+		test_config commit.status no &&
 		try_commit --status &&
 		test_i18ngrep "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'commit --no-status with commit.status = no' '
-		clear_config commit.status &&
-		git config commit.status no &&
+		test_config commit.status no &&
 		try_commit --no-status &&
 		test_i18ngrep ! "^# Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 	'
@@ -447,4 +524,10 @@ use_template="-t template"
 
 try_commit_status_combo
 
+test_expect_success 'commit --status with custom comment character' '
+	test_config core.commentchar ";" &&
+	try_commit --status &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^; Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7508-status.sh b/t/t7508-status.sh
index e313ef1..e2ffdac 100755
--- a/t/t7508-status.sh
+++ b/t/t7508-status.sh
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ test_description='git status'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'status -h in broken repository' '
+	git config --global advice.statusuoption false &&
 	mkdir broken &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -fr broken" &&
 	(
@@ -130,8 +131,7 @@ cat >expect <<\EOF
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'status (advice.statusHints false)' '
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset advice.statusHints" &&
-	git config advice.statusHints false &&
+	test_config advice.statusHints false &&
 	git status >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 
@@ -331,8 +331,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status -uno' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status (status.showUntrackedFiles no)' '
-	git config status.showuntrackedfiles no
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles" &&
+	test_config status.showuntrackedfiles no &&
 	git status >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
@@ -347,12 +346,11 @@ cat >expect <<EOF
 #
 # Untracked files not listed
 EOF
-git config advice.statusHints false
 test_expect_success 'status -uno (advice.statusHints false)' '
+	test_config advice.statusHints false &&
 	git status -uno >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
-git config --unset advice.statusHints
 
 cat >expect << EOF
  M dir1/modified
@@ -399,8 +397,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status -unormal' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status (status.showUntrackedFiles normal)' '
-	git config status.showuntrackedfiles normal
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles" &&
+	test_config status.showuntrackedfiles normal
 	git status >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
@@ -458,8 +455,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status -uall' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status (status.showUntrackedFiles all)' '
-	git config status.showuntrackedfiles all
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles" &&
+	test_config status.showuntrackedfiles all
 	git status >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
@@ -484,10 +480,9 @@ test_expect_success 'status -s -uall' '
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 test_expect_success 'status -s (status.showUntrackedFiles all)' '
-	git config status.showuntrackedfiles all
+	test_config status.showuntrackedfiles all &&
 	git status -s >output &&
 	rm -rf dir3 &&
-	git config --unset status.showuntrackedfiles &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
@@ -587,15 +582,13 @@ cat >expect <<\EOF
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'status with color.ui' '
-	git config color.ui always &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset color.ui" &&
+	test_config color.ui always &&
 	git status | test_decode_color >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with color.status' '
-	git config color.status always &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset color.status" &&
+	test_config color.status always &&
 	git status | test_decode_color >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
@@ -719,8 +712,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'status without relative paths' '
 
-	git config status.relativePaths false &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset status.relativePaths" &&
+	test_config status.relativePaths false &&
 	(cd dir1 && git status) >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output
 
@@ -739,8 +731,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'status -s without relative paths' '
 
-	git config status.relativePaths false &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset status.relativePaths" &&
+	test_config status.relativePaths false &&
 	(cd dir1 && git status -s) >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 
@@ -1037,15 +1028,14 @@ test_expect_success '--ignore-submodules=untracked suppresses submodules with un
 '
 
 test_expect_success '.gitmodules ignore=untracked suppresses submodules with untracked content' '
-	git config diff.ignoreSubmodules dirty &&
+	test_config diff.ignoreSubmodules dirty &&
 	git status >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore untracked &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
 	git status >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
-	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname &&
-	git config --unset diff.ignoreSubmodules
+	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
 test_expect_success '.git/config ignore=untracked suppresses submodules with untracked content' '
@@ -1065,15 +1055,14 @@ test_expect_success '--ignore-submodules=dirty suppresses submodules with untrac
 '
 
 test_expect_success '.gitmodules ignore=dirty suppresses submodules with untracked content' '
-	git config diff.ignoreSubmodules dirty &&
+	test_config diff.ignoreSubmodules dirty &&
 	git status >output &&
 	! test -s actual &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.ignore dirty &&
 	git config --add -f .gitmodules submodule.subname.path sm &&
 	git status >output &&
 	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
-	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname &&
-	git config --unset diff.ignoreSubmodules
+	git config -f .gitmodules  --remove-section submodule.subname
 '
 
 test_expect_success '.git/config ignore=dirty suppresses submodules with untracked content' '
@@ -1254,6 +1243,54 @@ test_expect_success ".git/config ignore=dirty doesn't suppress submodule summary
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
+; On branch master
+; Changes to be committed:
+;   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+;
+;	modified:   sm
+;
+; Changes not staged for commit:
+;   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+;   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+;
+;	modified:   dir1/modified
+;	modified:   sm (new commits)
+;
+; Submodule changes to be committed:
+;
+; * sm $head...$new_head (1):
+;   > Add bar
+;
+; Submodules changed but not updated:
+;
+; * sm $new_head...$head2 (1):
+;   > 2nd commit
+;
+; Untracked files:
+;   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+;
+;	.gitmodules
+;	dir1/untracked
+;	dir2/modified
+;	dir2/untracked
+;	expect
+;	output
+;	untracked
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success "status (core.commentchar with submodule summary)" '
+	test_config core.commentchar ";" &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success "status (core.commentchar with two chars with submodule summary)" '
+	test_config core.commentchar ";;" &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
 # On branch master
 # Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
diff --git a/t/t7512-status-help.sh b/t/t7512-status-help.sh
index 95d6510..bf08d4e 100755
--- a/t/t7512-status-help.sh
+++ b/t/t7512-status-help.sh
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ test_description='git status advice'
 set_fake_editor
 
 test_expect_success 'prepare for conflicts' '
+	git config --global advice.statusuoption false &&
 	test_commit init main.txt init &&
 	git branch conflicts &&
 	test_commit on_master main.txt on_master &&
@@ -73,10 +74,11 @@ test_expect_success 'prepare for rebase conflicts' '
 
 test_expect_success 'status when rebase in progress before resolving conflicts' '
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^^) &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase HEAD^ --onto HEAD^^ &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently rebasing.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached at $ONTO
+	# You are currently rebasing branch '\''rebase_conflicts'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (fix conflicts and then run "git rebase --continue")
 	#   (use "git rebase --skip" to skip this patch)
 	#   (use "git rebase --abort" to check out the original branch)
@@ -97,12 +99,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status when rebase in progress before resolving conflicts'
 test_expect_success 'status when rebase in progress before rebase --continue' '
 	git reset --hard rebase_conflicts &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^^) &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase HEAD^ --onto HEAD^^ &&
 	echo three >main.txt &&
 	git add main.txt &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently rebasing.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached at $ONTO
+	# You are currently rebasing branch '\''rebase_conflicts'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (all conflicts fixed: run "git rebase --continue")
 	#
 	# Changes to be committed:
@@ -130,10 +133,11 @@ test_expect_success 'prepare for rebase_i_conflicts' '
 
 test_expect_success 'status during rebase -i when conflicts unresolved' '
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short rebase_i_conflicts) &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase -i rebase_i_conflicts &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently rebasing.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached at $ONTO
+	# You are currently rebasing branch '\''rebase_i_conflicts_second'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (fix conflicts and then run "git rebase --continue")
 	#   (use "git rebase --skip" to skip this patch)
 	#   (use "git rebase --abort" to check out the original branch)
@@ -154,11 +158,12 @@ test_expect_success 'status during rebase -i when conflicts unresolved' '
 test_expect_success 'status during rebase -i after resolving conflicts' '
 	git reset --hard rebase_i_conflicts_second &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short rebase_i_conflicts) &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase -i rebase_i_conflicts &&
 	git add main.txt &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently rebasing.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached at $ONTO
+	# You are currently rebasing branch '\''rebase_i_conflicts_second'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (all conflicts fixed: run "git rebase --continue")
 	#
 	# Changes to be committed:
@@ -182,10 +187,12 @@ test_expect_success 'status when rebasing -i in edit mode' '
 	FAKE_LINES="1 edit 2" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~2) &&
+	TGT=$(git rev-parse --short two_rebase_i) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~2 &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $TGT
+	# You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''rebase_i_edit'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
 	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
 	#
@@ -206,11 +213,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status when splitting a commit' '
 	FAKE_LINES="1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase.
+	TGT=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD) &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached at $TGT
+	# You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '\''split_commit'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
 	#
 	# Changes not staged for commit:
@@ -236,11 +245,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status after editing the last commit with --amend during a
 	FAKE_LINES="1 2 edit 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
+	TGT=$(git rev-parse --short three_amend) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git commit --amend -m "foo" &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $TGT
+	# You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''amend_last'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
 	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
 	#
@@ -265,11 +276,12 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (continue first edit) second edit' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $ONTO
+	# You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
 	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
 	#
@@ -285,12 +297,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (continue first edit) second edit and split' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $ONTO
+	# You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
 	#
 	# Changes not staged for commit:
@@ -311,12 +324,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (continue first edit) second edit and amend' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git commit --amend -m "foo" &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $ONTO
+	# You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
 	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
 	#
@@ -332,12 +346,13 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (amend first edit) second edit' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git commit --amend -m "a" &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $ONTO
+	# You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
 	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
 	#
@@ -353,13 +368,14 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (amend first edit) second edit and split' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git commit --amend -m "b" &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $ONTO
+	# You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
 	#
 	# Changes not staged for commit:
@@ -380,13 +396,14 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (amend first edit) second edit and amend' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git commit --amend -m "c" &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git commit --amend -m "d" &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $ONTO
+	# You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
 	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
 	#
@@ -402,14 +419,15 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
 	git add main.txt &&
 	git commit -m "e" &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $ONTO
+	# You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
 	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
 	#
@@ -425,15 +443,16 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit and split' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
 	git add main.txt &&
 	git commit --amend -m "f" &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $ONTO
+	# You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
 	#
 	# Changes not staged for commit:
@@ -454,15 +473,16 @@ test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit and amend' '
 	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
 	export FAKE_LINES &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD~3) &&
 	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
 	git reset HEAD^ &&
 	git add main.txt &&
 	git commit --amend -m "g" &&
 	git rebase --continue &&
 	git commit --amend -m "h" &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached from $ONTO
+	# You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '\''several_edits'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
 	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
 	#
@@ -556,9 +576,10 @@ test_expect_success 'status when bisecting' '
 	git bisect start &&
 	git bisect bad &&
 	git bisect good one_bisect &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently bisecting.
+	TGT=$(git rev-parse --short two_bisect) &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached at $TGT
+	# You are currently bisecting, started from branch '\''bisect'\''.
 	#   (use "git bisect reset" to get back to the original branch)
 	#
 	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
@@ -577,10 +598,11 @@ test_expect_success 'status when rebase conflicts with statushints disabled' '
 	test_commit two_statushints main.txt two &&
 	test_commit three_statushints main.txt three &&
 	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	ONTO=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^^) &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase HEAD^ --onto HEAD^^ &&
-	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
-	# Not currently on any branch.
-	# You are currently rebasing.
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	# HEAD detached at $ONTO
+	# You are currently rebasing branch '\''statushints_disabled'\'' on '\''$ONTO'\''.
 	#
 	# Unmerged paths:
 	#	both modified:      main.txt
@@ -645,5 +667,73 @@ test_expect_success 'status when cherry-picking after resolving conflicts' '
 	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'status showing detached from a tag' '
+	test_commit atag tagging &&
+	git checkout atag &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF
+	# HEAD detached at atag
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status while reverting commit (conflicts)' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo before >to-revert.txt &&
+	test_commit before to-revert.txt &&
+	echo old >to-revert.txt &&
+	test_commit old to-revert.txt &&
+	echo new >to-revert.txt &&
+	test_commit new to-revert.txt &&
+	TO_REVERT=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^) &&
+	test_must_fail git revert $TO_REVERT &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	# On branch master
+	# You are currently reverting commit $TO_REVERT.
+	#   (fix conflicts and run "git revert --continue")
+	#   (use "git revert --abort" to cancel the revert operation)
+	#
+	# Unmerged paths:
+	#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+	#   (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
+	#
+	#	both modified:      to-revert.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status while reverting commit (conflicts resolved)' '
+	echo reverted >to-revert.txt &&
+	git add to-revert.txt &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF
+	# On branch master
+	# You are currently reverting commit $TO_REVERT.
+	#   (all conflicts fixed: run "git revert --continue")
+	#   (use "git revert --abort" to cancel the revert operation)
+	#
+	# Changes to be committed:
+	#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+	#
+	#	modified:   to-revert.txt
+	#
+	# Untracked files not listed (use -u option to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status after reverting commit' '
+	git revert --continue &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF
+	# On branch master
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7600-merge.sh b/t/t7600-merge.sh
index 5e19598..2f70433 100755
--- a/t/t7600-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t7600-merge.sh
@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ create_merge_msgs () {
 		echo &&
 		git log --no-merges ^HEAD c2 c3
 	} >squash.1-5-9 &&
-	echo >msg.nolog &&
+	: >msg.nologff &&
+	echo >msg.nolognoff &&
 	{
 		echo "* tag 'c3':" &&
 		echo "  commit 3" &&
@@ -244,8 +245,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merges with --ff-only' '
 test_expect_success 'merges with merge.ff=only' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	test_tick &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset merge.ff" &&
-	git config merge.ff only &&
+	test_config merge.ff "only" &&
 	test_must_fail git merge c2 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge c3 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge c2 c3 &&
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (no-commit in config)' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-commit" &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-commit" &&
 	git merge c2 &&
 	verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
 	verify_head $c1 &&
@@ -346,12 +346,11 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (no-commit in config)' '
 test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (log in config)' '
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "" &&
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git merge --log c2 &&
 	git show -s --pretty=tformat:%s%n%b >expect &&
 
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions --log &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--log" &&
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git merge c2 &&
 	git show -s --pretty=tformat:%s%n%b >actual &&
@@ -360,17 +359,12 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (log in config)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (log in config gets overridden)' '
-	test_when_finished "git config --remove-section branch.master" &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --remove-section merge" &&
-	test_might_fail git config --remove-section branch.master &&
-	test_might_fail git config --remove-section merge &&
-
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git merge c2 &&
 	git show -s --pretty=tformat:%s%n%b >expect &&
 
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-log" &&
-	git config merge.log true &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-log" &&
+	test_config merge.log "true" &&
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git merge c2 &&
 	git show -s --pretty=tformat:%s%n%b >actual &&
@@ -380,7 +374,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (log in config gets overridden)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (squash in config)' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--squash" &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--squash" &&
 	git merge c2 &&
 	verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
 	verify_head $c1 &&
@@ -392,7 +386,7 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'override config option -n with --summary' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "-n" &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "-n" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge --summary c2 >diffstat.txt &&
 	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
@@ -406,7 +400,7 @@ test_expect_success 'override config option -n with --summary' '
 
 test_expect_success 'override config option -n with --stat' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "-n" &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "-n" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge --stat c2 >diffstat.txt &&
 	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
@@ -422,7 +416,7 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'override config option --stat' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--stat" &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--stat" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge -n c2 >diffstat.txt &&
 	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
@@ -438,7 +432,7 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (override --no-commit)' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-commit" &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-commit" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge --commit c2 &&
 	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
@@ -449,7 +443,7 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (override --squash)' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--squash" &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--squash" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge --no-squash c2 &&
 	verify_merge file result.1-5 msg.1-5 &&
@@ -460,7 +454,6 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (no-ff)' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge --no-ff c1 &&
 	verify_merge file result.1 &&
@@ -471,10 +464,9 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (merge.ff=false)' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
-	git config merge.ff false &&
+	test_config merge.ff "false" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge c1 &&
-	git config --remove-section merge &&
 	verify_merge file result.1 &&
 	verify_parents $c0 $c1
 '
@@ -482,22 +474,19 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'combine branch.master.mergeoptions with merge.ff' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions --ff &&
-	git config merge.ff false &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--ff" &&
+	test_config merge.ff "false" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge c1 &&
-	git config --remove-section "branch.master" &&
-	git config --remove-section "merge" &&
 	verify_merge file result.1 &&
 	verify_parents "$c0"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'tolerate unknown values for merge.ff' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
-	git config merge.ff something-new &&
+	test_config merge.ff "something-new" &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git merge c1 2>message &&
-	git config --remove-section "merge" &&
 	verify_head "$c1" &&
 	test_cmp empty message
 '
@@ -515,7 +504,7 @@ test_expect_success 'combining --ff-only and --no-ff is refused' '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (ff overrides no-ff)' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
-	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-ff" &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-ff" &&
 	git merge --ff c1 &&
 	verify_merge file result.1 &&
 	verify_head $c1
@@ -525,14 +514,20 @@ test_expect_success 'merge log message' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
 	git merge --no-log c2 &&
 	git show -s --pretty=format:%b HEAD >msg.act &&
-	test_cmp msg.nolog msg.act &&
+	test_cmp msg.nologff msg.act &&
+
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	test_config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-ff" &&
+	git merge --no-log c2 &&
+	git show -s --pretty=format:%b HEAD >msg.act &&
+	test_cmp msg.nolognoff msg.act &&
 
 	git merge --log c3 &&
 	git show -s --pretty=format:%b HEAD >msg.act &&
 	test_cmp msg.log msg.act &&
 
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
-	git config merge.log yes &&
+	test_config merge.log "yes" &&
 	git merge c3 &&
 	git show -s --pretty=format:%b HEAD >msg.act &&
 	test_cmp msg.log msg.act
@@ -542,7 +537,6 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c0, c2, c0, and c1' '
        git reset --hard c1 &&
-       git config branch.master.mergeoptions "" &&
        test_tick &&
        git merge c0 c2 c0 c1 &&
        verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
@@ -553,7 +547,6 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c0, c2, c0, and c1' '
        git reset --hard c1 &&
-       git config branch.master.mergeoptions "" &&
        test_tick &&
        git merge c0 c2 c0 c1 &&
        verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
@@ -564,7 +557,6 @@ test_debug 'git log --graph --decorate --oneline --all'
 
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c1 and c2' '
        git reset --hard c1 &&
-       git config branch.master.mergeoptions "" &&
        test_tick &&
        git merge c1 c2 &&
        verify_merge file result.1-5 &&
diff --git a/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh b/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
index b44b293..25dac79 100755
--- a/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
+++ b/t/t7601-merge-pull-config.sh
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup conflicted merge' '
 '
 
 # First do the merge with resolve and recursive then verify that
-# recusive is choosen.
+# recusive is chosen.
 
 test_expect_success 'merge picks up the best result' '
 	git config --unset-all pull.twohead &&
diff --git a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
index bc38737..d526b1d 100755
--- a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
+++ b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ test_expect_success 'mergetool takes partial path' '
     git submodule update -N &&
     test_must_fail git merge master &&
 
-    #shouldnt need these lines
+    #should not need these lines
     #( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     #( yes "d" | git mergetool file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     #( yes "l" | git mergetool submod >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
diff --git a/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh b/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..21a0bf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7612-merge-verify-signatures.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge signature verification tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-gpg.sh"
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'create signed commits' '
+	echo 1 >file && git add file &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial &&
+
+	git checkout -b side-signed &&
+	echo 3 >elif && git add elif &&
+	test_tick && git commit -S -m "signed on side" &&
+	git checkout initial &&
+
+	git checkout -b side-unsigned &&
+	echo 3 >foo && git add foo &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "unsigned on side" &&
+	git checkout initial &&
+
+	git checkout -b side-bad &&
+	echo 3 >bar && git add bar &&
+	test_tick && git commit -S -m "bad on side" &&
+	git cat-file commit side-bad >raw &&
+	sed -e "s/bad/forged bad/" raw >forged &&
+	git hash-object -w -t commit forged >forged.commit &&
+	git checkout initial &&
+
+	git checkout -b side-untrusted &&
+	echo 3 >baz && git add baz &&
+	test_tick && git commit -SB7227189 -m "untrusted on side"
+
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge unsigned commit with verification' '
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only --verify-signatures side-unsigned 2>mergeerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "does not have a GPG signature" mergeerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature with verification' '
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only --verify-signatures $(cat forged.commit) 2>mergeerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has a bad GPG signature" mergeerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with untrusted signature with verification' '
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only --verify-signatures side-untrusted 2>mergeerror &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has an untrusted GPG signature" mergeerror
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge signed commit with verification' '
+	git merge --verbose --ff-only --verify-signatures side-signed >mergeoutput &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has a good GPG signature" mergeoutput
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge commit with bad signature without verification' '
+	git merge $(cat forged.commit)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7800-difftool.sh b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
index eb1d3f8..d46f041 100755
--- a/t/t7800-difftool.sh
+++ b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2009, 2010 David Aguilar
+# Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013 David Aguilar
 #
 
 test_description='git-difftool
@@ -10,47 +10,19 @@ Testing basic diff tool invocation
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-remove_config_vars()
+difftool_test_setup ()
 {
-	# Unset all config variables used by git-difftool
-	git config --unset diff.tool
-	git config --unset diff.guitool
-	git config --unset difftool.test-tool.cmd
-	git config --unset difftool.prompt
-	git config --unset merge.tool
-	git config --unset mergetool.test-tool.cmd
-	git config --unset mergetool.prompt
-	return 0
+	test_config diff.tool test-tool &&
+	test_config difftool.test-tool.cmd 'cat "$LOCAL"' &&
+	test_config difftool.bogus-tool.cmd false
 }
 
-restore_test_defaults()
-{
-	# Restores the test defaults used by several tests
-	remove_config_vars
-	unset GIT_DIFF_TOOL
-	unset GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT
-	unset GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT
-	git config diff.tool test-tool &&
-	git config difftool.test-tool.cmd 'cat $LOCAL'
-	git config difftool.bogus-tool.cmd false
-}
-
-prompt_given()
+prompt_given ()
 {
 	prompt="$1"
 	test "$prompt" = "Launch 'test-tool' [Y/n]: branch"
 }
 
-stdin_contains()
-{
-	grep >/dev/null "$1"
-}
-
-stdin_doesnot_contain()
-{
-	! stdin_contains "$1"
-}
-
 # Create a file on master and change it on branch
 test_expect_success PERL 'setup' '
 	echo master >file &&
@@ -65,249 +37,237 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'setup' '
 
 # Configure a custom difftool.<tool>.cmd and use it
 test_expect_success PERL 'custom commands' '
-	restore_test_defaults &&
-	git config difftool.test-tool.cmd "cat \$REMOTE" &&
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	test_config difftool.test-tool.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\"" &&
+	echo master >expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "master" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults &&
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch"
+	test_config difftool.test-tool.cmd "cat \"\$LOCAL\"" &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-# Ensures that a custom difftool.<tool>.cmd overrides built-ins
-test_expect_success PERL 'custom commands override built-ins' '
-	restore_test_defaults &&
-	git config difftool.defaults.cmd "cat \$REMOTE" &&
-
-	diff=$(git difftool --tool defaults --no-prompt branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "master" &&
-
-	git config --unset difftool.defaults.cmd
+test_expect_success PERL 'custom tool commands override built-ins' '
+	test_config difftool.vimdiff.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\"" &&
+	echo master >expect &&
+	git difftool --tool vimdiff --no-prompt branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-# Ensures that git-difftool ignores bogus --tool values
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool ignores bad --tool values' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --tool=bad-tool branch)
-	test "$?" = 1 &&
-	test "$diff" = ""
+	: >expect &&
+	test_expect_code 1 \
+		git difftool --no-prompt --tool=bad-tool branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool forwards arguments to diff' '
+	difftool_test_setup &&
 	>for-diff &&
 	git add for-diff &&
 	echo changes>for-diff &&
 	git add for-diff &&
-	diff=$(git difftool --cached --no-prompt -- for-diff) &&
-	test "$diff" = "" &&
+	: >expect &&
+	git difftool --cached --no-prompt -- for-diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	git reset -- for-diff &&
 	rm for-diff
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool honors --gui' '
-	git config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
-	git config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
-	git config diff.guitool test-tool &&
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	test_config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
+	test_config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
+	test_config diff.guitool test-tool &&
 
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --gui branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt --gui branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --gui last setting wins' '
-	git config diff.guitool bogus-tool &&
-	git difftool --no-prompt --gui --no-gui &&
-
-	git config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
-	git config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
-	git config diff.guitool test-tool &&
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --no-gui --gui branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	: >expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt --gui --no-gui >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
-	restore_test_defaults
+	test_config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
+	test_config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
+	test_config diff.guitool test-tool &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt --no-gui --gui branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --gui works without configured diff.guitool' '
-	git config diff.tool test-tool &&
-
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --gui branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt --gui branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 # Specify the diff tool using $GIT_DIFF_TOOL
 test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL variable' '
-	test_might_fail git config --unset diff.tool &&
-	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=test-tool &&
-	export GIT_DIFF_TOOL &&
-
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	git config --unset diff.tool &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=test-tool git difftool --no-prompt branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 # Test the $GIT_*_TOOL variables and ensure
 # that $GIT_DIFF_TOOL always wins unless --tool is specified
 test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL overrides' '
-	git config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
-	git config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	test_config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
+	test_config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
 
-	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=test-tool &&
-	export GIT_DIFF_TOOL &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=test-tool git difftool --no-prompt branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=bogus-tool &&
-	export GIT_DIFF_TOOL &&
-
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --tool=test-tool branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	test_config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
+	test_config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
+	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=bogus-tool \
+		git difftool --no-prompt --tool=test-tool branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 # Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt to difftool
 # when $GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT is true
 test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT variable' '
-	GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT=true &&
-	export GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT &&
-
-	diff=$(git difftool branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT=true git difftool branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 # git-difftool supports the difftool.prompt variable.
 # Test that GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT can override difftool.prompt = false
 test_expect_success PERL 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT variable' '
-	git config difftool.prompt false &&
-	GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT=true &&
-	export GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT &&
-
-	prompt=$(echo | git difftool branch | tail -1) &&
-	prompt_given "$prompt" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	test_config difftool.prompt false &&
+	echo >input &&
+	GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT=true git difftool branch <input >output &&
+	prompt=$(tail -1 <output) &&
+	prompt_given "$prompt"
 '
 
 # Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt when difftool.prompt is false
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.prompt config variable is false' '
-	git config difftool.prompt false &&
-
-	diff=$(git difftool branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	test_config difftool.prompt false &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	git difftool branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 # Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt when mergetool.prompt is false
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool merge.prompt = false' '
+	difftool_test_setup &&
 	test_might_fail git config --unset difftool.prompt &&
-	git config mergetool.prompt false &&
-
-	diff=$(git difftool branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	test_config mergetool.prompt false &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	git difftool branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 # Test that the -y flag can override difftool.prompt = true
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.prompt can overridden with -y' '
-	git config difftool.prompt true &&
-
-	diff=$(git difftool -y branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	test_config difftool.prompt true &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	git difftool -y branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 # Test that the --prompt flag can override difftool.prompt = false
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.prompt can overridden with --prompt' '
-	git config difftool.prompt false &&
-
-	prompt=$(echo | git difftool --prompt branch | tail -1) &&
-	prompt_given "$prompt" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	test_config difftool.prompt false &&
+	echo >input &&
+	git difftool --prompt branch <input >output &&
+	prompt=$(tail -1 <output) &&
+	prompt_given "$prompt"
 '
 
 # Test that the last flag passed on the command-line wins
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool last flag wins' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --prompt --no-prompt branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults &&
-
-	prompt=$(echo | git difftool --no-prompt --prompt branch | tail -1) &&
-	prompt_given "$prompt" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	difftool_test_setup &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	git difftool --prompt --no-prompt branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo >input &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt --prompt branch <input >output &&
+	prompt=$(tail -1 <output) &&
+	prompt_given "$prompt"
 '
 
 # git-difftool falls back to git-mergetool config variables
 # so test that behavior here
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool + mergetool config variables' '
-	remove_config_vars &&
-	git config merge.tool test-tool &&
-	git config mergetool.test-tool.cmd "cat \$LOCAL" &&
-
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+	test_config merge.tool test-tool &&
+	test_config mergetool.test-tool.cmd "cat \$LOCAL" &&
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
 	# set merge.tool to something bogus, diff.tool to test-tool
-	git config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
-	git config diff.tool test-tool &&
-
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	test_config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
+	test_config diff.tool test-tool &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool.<tool>.path' '
-	git config difftool.tkdiff.path echo &&
-	diff=$(git difftool --tool=tkdiff --no-prompt branch) &&
-	git config --unset difftool.tkdiff.path &&
-	lines=$(echo "$diff" | grep file | wc -l) &&
-	test "$lines" -eq 1 &&
-
-	restore_test_defaults
+	test_config difftool.tkdiff.path echo &&
+	git difftool --tool=tkdiff --no-prompt branch >output &&
+	lines=$(grep file output | wc -l) &&
+	test "$lines" -eq 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd=cat' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd=cat branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = branch"$LF"master
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	echo master >>expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd=cat branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd cat' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd cat branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = branch"$LF"master
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	echo master >>expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd=cat branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool -x cat' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt -x cat branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = branch"$LF"master
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	echo master >>expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt -x cat branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd echo arg1' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd sh\ -c\ \"echo\ \$1\" branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = file
+	echo file >expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt \
+		--extcmd sh\ -c\ \"echo\ \$1\" branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd cat arg1' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd sh\ -c\ \"cat\ \$1\" branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = master
+	echo master >expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt \
+		--extcmd sh\ -c\ \"cat\ \$1\" branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --extcmd cat arg2' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --extcmd sh\ -c\ \"cat\ \$2\" branch) &&
-	test "$diff" = branch
+	echo branch >expect &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt \
+		--extcmd sh\ -c\ \"cat\ \$2\" branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 # Create a second file on master and a different version on branch
@@ -324,26 +284,26 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'setup with 2 files different' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'say no to the first file' '
-	diff=$( (echo n; echo) | git difftool -x cat branch ) &&
-
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains m2 &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains br2 &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_doesnot_contain master &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_doesnot_contain branch
+	(echo n && echo) >input &&
+	git difftool -x cat branch <input >output &&
+	grep m2 output &&
+	grep br2 output &&
+	! grep master output &&
+	! grep branch output
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'say no to the second file' '
-	diff=$( (echo; echo n) | git difftool -x cat branch ) &&
-
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains master &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains branch &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_doesnot_contain m2 &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_doesnot_contain br2
+	(echo && echo n) >input &&
+	git difftool -x cat branch <input >output &&
+	grep master output &&
+	grep branch output &&
+	! grep m2 output &&
+	! grep br2 output
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --tool-help' '
-	tool_help=$(git difftool --tool-help) &&
-	echo "$tool_help" | stdin_contains tool
+	git difftool --tool-help >output &&
+	grep tool output
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'setup change in subdirectory' '
@@ -354,34 +314,104 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'setup change in subdirectory' '
 	git commit -m "added sub/sub" &&
 	echo test >>file &&
 	echo test >>sub/sub &&
-	git add . &&
+	git add file sub/sub &&
 	git commit -m "modified both"
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool -d' '
-	diff=$(git difftool -d --extcmd ls branch) &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains sub &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains file
+run_dir_diff_test () {
+	test_expect_success PERL "$1 --no-symlinks" "
+		symlinks=--no-symlinks &&
+		$2
+	"
+	test_expect_success PERL,SYMLINKS "$1 --symlinks" "
+		symlinks=--symlinks &&
+		$2
+	"
+}
+
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool -d' '
+	git difftool -d $symlinks --extcmd ls branch >output &&
+	grep sub output &&
+	grep file output
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --dir-diff' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --dir-diff --extcmd ls branch) &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains sub &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains file
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff' '
+	git difftool --dir-diff $symlinks --extcmd ls branch >output &&
+	grep sub output &&
+	grep file output
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --dir-diff ignores --prompt' '
-	diff=$(git difftool --dir-diff --prompt --extcmd ls branch) &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains sub &&
-	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains file
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff ignores --prompt' '
+	git difftool --dir-diff $symlinks --prompt --extcmd ls branch >output &&
+	grep sub output &&
+	grep file output
 '
 
-test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --dir-diff from subdirectory' '
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff from subdirectory' '
 	(
 		cd sub &&
-		diff=$(git difftool --dir-diff --extcmd ls branch) &&
-		echo "$diff" | stdin_contains sub &&
-		echo "$diff" | stdin_contains file
+		git difftool --dir-diff $symlinks --extcmd ls branch >output &&
+		grep sub output &&
+		grep file output
+	)
+'
+
+run_dir_diff_test 'difftool --dir-diff when worktree file is missing' '
+	test_when_finished git reset --hard &&
+	rm file2 &&
+	git difftool --dir-diff $symlinks --extcmd ls branch master >output &&
+	grep file2 output
+'
+
+write_script .git/CHECK_SYMLINKS <<\EOF
+for f in file file2 sub/sub
+do
+	echo "$f"
+	readlink "$2/$f"
+done >actual
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success PERL,SYMLINKS 'difftool --dir-diff --symlink without unstaged changes' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	file
+	$(pwd)/file
+	file2
+	$(pwd)/file2
+	sub/sub
+	$(pwd)/sub/sub
+	EOF
+	git difftool --dir-diff --symlink \
+		--extcmd "./.git/CHECK_SYMLINKS" branch HEAD &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+write_script modify-file <<\EOF
+echo "new content" >file
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --no-symlinks does not overwrite working tree file ' '
+	echo "orig content" >file &&
+	git difftool --dir-diff --no-symlinks --extcmd "$(pwd)/modify-file" branch &&
+	echo "new content" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file
+'
+
+write_script modify-both-files <<\EOF
+echo "wt content" >file &&
+echo "tmp content" >"$2/file" &&
+echo "$2" >tmpdir
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --no-symlinks detects conflict ' '
+	(
+		TMPDIR=$TRASH_DIRECTORY &&
+		export TMPDIR &&
+		echo "orig content" >file &&
+		test_must_fail git difftool --dir-diff --no-symlinks --extcmd "$(pwd)/modify-both-files" branch &&
+		echo "wt content" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect file &&
+		echo "tmp content" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect "$(cat tmpdir)/file"
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7811-grep-open.sh b/t/t7811-grep-open.sh
index a895778..e1951a5 100755
--- a/t/t7811-grep-open.sh
+++ b/t/t7811-grep-open.sh
@@ -125,11 +125,6 @@ test_expect_success 'modified file' '
 	test_cmp empty out
 '
 
-test_config() {
-	git config "$1" "$2" &&
-	test_when_finished "git config --unset $1"
-}
-
 test_expect_success 'copes with color settings' '
 	rm -f actual &&
 	echo grep.h >expect &&
diff --git a/t/t9001-send-email.sh b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
index 97d6f4c..ebd5c5d 100755
--- a/t/t9001-send-email.sh
+++ b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ \
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'Send patches with --envelope-sender' '
     clean_fake_sendmail &&
-     git send-email --envelope-sender="Patch Contributer <patch@example.com>" --suppress-cc=sob --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" --to=nobody@example.com --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" $patches 2>errors
+     git send-email --envelope-sender="Patch Contributor <patch@example.com>" --suppress-cc=sob --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" --to=nobody@example.com --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" $patches 2>errors
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'setup expect' '
@@ -787,7 +787,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'confirm detects EOF (auto causes failure)' '
 	test $ret = "0"
 '
 
-test_expect_success $PREREQ 'confirm doesnt loop forever' '
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'confirm does not loop forever' '
 	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
 	git config sendemail.confirm auto &&
 	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 &&
diff --git a/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh b/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
index b7eed24..6dafe7e 100755
--- a/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
+++ b/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
@@ -54,14 +54,6 @@ text_no_props () {
 
 >empty
 
-test_expect_success 'setup: have pipes?' '
-	rm -f frob &&
-	if mkfifo frob
-	then
-		test_set_prereq PIPE
-	fi
-'
-
 test_expect_success PIPE 'empty dump' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo "SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2" >input &&
diff --git a/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh b/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh
index 2d2f016..d9f6b73 100755
--- a/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh
+++ b/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ test_expect_success REMOTE_SVN 'mark-file regeneration' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success REMOTE_SVN 'incremental imports must lead to the same head' '
-	export SVNRMAX=3 &&
+	SVNRMAX=3 &&
+	export SVNRMAX &&
 	init_git &&
 	git fetch svnsim &&
 	test_cmp .git/refs/svn/svnsim/master .git/refs/remotes/svnsim/master  &&
diff --git a/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh b/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
index 749b75e..4fea8d9 100755
--- a/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
@@ -306,5 +306,13 @@ test_expect_success 'git-svn works in a bare repository' '
 	git svn fetch ) &&
 	rm -rf bare-repo
 	'
+test_expect_success 'git-svn works in in a repository with a gitdir: link' '
+	mkdir worktree gitdir &&
+	( cd worktree &&
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
+	git init --separate-git-dir ../gitdir &&
+	git svn fetch ) &&
+	rm -rf worktree gitdir
+	'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9147-git-svn-include-paths.sh b/t/t9147-git-svn-include-paths.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a90ff58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9147-git-svn-include-paths.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2013 Paul Walmsley - based on t9134 by Vitaly Shukela
+#
+
+test_description='git svn property tests'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup test repository' '
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" s &&
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		mkdir qqq www xxx &&
+		echo test_qqq > qqq/test_qqq.txt &&
+		echo test_www > www/test_www.txt &&
+		echo test_xxx > xxx/test_xxx.txt &&
+		svn_cmd add qqq &&
+		svn_cmd add www &&
+		svn_cmd add xxx &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "create some files" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo hi >> www/test_www.txt &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "modify www/test_www.txt" &&
+		svn_cmd up
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone an SVN repository with filter to include qqq directory' '
+	git svn clone --include-paths="qqq" "$svnrepo" g &&
+	echo test_qqq > expect &&
+	for i in g/*/*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+	test_cmp expect expect2
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'init+fetch an SVN repository with included qqq directory' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" c &&
+	( cd c && git svn fetch --include-paths="qqq" ) &&
+	rm expect2 &&
+	echo test_qqq > expect &&
+	for i in c/*/*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+	test_cmp expect expect2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify include-paths config saved by clone' '
+	(
+	    cd g &&
+	    git config --get svn-remote.svn.include-paths | fgrep "qqq"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change outside of www' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo b >> qqq/test_qqq.txt &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change outside of www" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change outside of www"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (config include)' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (option include)' '
+	(
+		cd c &&
+		git svn rebase --include-paths="qqq" &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change inside of ignored www' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo zaq >> www/test_www.txt
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change inside of www/test_www.txt" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change inside of www/test_www.txt"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (config include)' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (option include)' '
+	(
+		cd c &&
+		git svn rebase --include-paths="qqq" &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change in and out of included qqq' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo cvf >> www/test_www.txt
+		echo ygg >> qqq/test_qqq.txt
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change in and out of ignored www" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change in and out of ignored www"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo again (config include)' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\nygg\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo again (option include)' '
+	(
+		cd c &&
+		git svn rebase --include-paths="qqq" &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\nygg\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9161-git-svn-mergeinfo-push.sh b/t/t9161-git-svn-mergeinfo-push.sh
index 6ef0c0b..1eab701 100755
--- a/t/t9161-git-svn-mergeinfo-push.sh
+++ b/t/t9161-git-svn-mergeinfo-push.sh
@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ test_expect_success 'check reintegration mergeinfo' '
 	test "$mergeinfo" = "/branches/svnb1:2-4,7-9,13-18
 /branches/svnb2:3,8,16-17
 /branches/svnb3:4,9
-/branches/svnb4:5-6,10-12
 /branches/svnb5:6,11"
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t9167-git-svn-cmd-branch-subproject.sh b/t/t9167-git-svn-cmd-branch-subproject.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..53def87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9167-git-svn-cmd-branch-subproject.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2013 Tobias Schulte
+#
+
+test_description='git svn branch for subproject clones'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize svnrepo' '
+	mkdir import &&
+	(
+		cd import &&
+		mkdir -p trunk/project branches tags &&
+		(
+			cd trunk/project &&
+			echo foo > foo
+		) &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "import for git-svn" . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null
+	) &&
+	rm -rf import &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk/project trunk/project &&
+	(
+		cd trunk/project &&
+		echo bar >> foo &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "updated trunk"
+	) &&
+	rm -rf trunk
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import into git' '
+	git svn init --trunk=trunk/project --branches=branches/*/project \
+		--tags=tags/*/project "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	git checkout remotes/trunk
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn branch tests' '
+	test_must_fail git svn branch a &&
+	git svn branch --parents a &&
+	test_must_fail git svn branch -t tag1 &&
+	git svn branch --parents -t tag1 &&
+	test_must_fail git svn branch --tag tag2 &&
+	git svn branch --parents --tag tag2 &&
+	test_must_fail git svn tag tag3 &&
+	git svn tag --parents tag3
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
index 2fcf269..ac6f3b6 100755
--- a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
+++ b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
@@ -49,14 +49,6 @@ echo "$@"'
 
 >empty
 
-test_expect_success 'setup: have pipes?' '
-	rm -f frob &&
-	if mkfifo frob
-	then
-		test_set_prereq PIPE
-	fi
-'
-
 ###
 ### series A
 ###
diff --git a/t/t9350-fast-export.sh b/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
index 3e821f9..2471bc6 100755
--- a/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
+++ b/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
@@ -146,6 +146,12 @@ test_expect_success 'signed-tags=strip' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'signed-tags=warn-strip' '
+	git fast-export --signed-tags=warn-strip sign-your-name >output 2>err &&
+	! grep PGP output &&
+	test -s err
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup submodule' '
 
 	git checkout -f master &&
@@ -303,7 +309,7 @@ test_expect_success 'dropping tag of filtered out object' '
 (
 	cd limit-by-paths &&
 	git fast-export --tag-of-filtered-object=drop mytag -- there > output &&
-	test_cmp output expected
+	test_cmp expected output
 )
 '
 
@@ -320,7 +326,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rewriting tag of filtered out object' '
 (
 	cd limit-by-paths &&
 	git fast-export --tag-of-filtered-object=rewrite mytag -- there > output &&
-	test_cmp output expected
+	test_cmp expected output
 )
 '
 
@@ -351,7 +357,7 @@ test_expect_failure 'no exact-ref revisions included' '
 	(
 		cd limit-by-paths &&
 		git fast-export master~2..master~1 > output &&
-		test_cmp output expected
+		test_cmp expected output
 	)
 '
 
@@ -440,4 +446,63 @@ test_expect_success 'fast-export quotes pathnames' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'test bidirectionality' '
+	>marks-cur &&
+	>marks-new &&
+	git init marks-test &&
+	git fast-export --export-marks=marks-cur --import-marks=marks-cur --branches | \
+	git --git-dir=marks-test/.git fast-import --export-marks=marks-new --import-marks=marks-new &&
+	(cd marks-test &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo Wohlauf > file &&
+	git commit -a -m "back in time") &&
+	git --git-dir=marks-test/.git fast-export --export-marks=marks-new --import-marks=marks-new --branches | \
+	git fast-import --export-marks=marks-cur --import-marks=marks-cur
+'
+
+cat > expected << EOF
+blob
+mark :13
+data 5
+bump
+
+commit refs/heads/master
+mark :14
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1112912773 -0700
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112912773 -0700
+data 5
+bump
+from :12
+M 100644 :13 file
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'avoid uninteresting refs' '
+	> tmp-marks &&
+	git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks master > /dev/null &&
+	git tag v1.0 &&
+	git branch uninteresting &&
+	echo bump > file &&
+	git commit -a -m bump &&
+	git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks ^uninteresting ^v1.0 master > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat > expected << EOF
+reset refs/heads/master
+from :14
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'refs are updated even if no commits need to be exported' '
+	> tmp-marks &&
+	git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks master > /dev/null &&
+	git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks master > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
index 9502f24..0431386 100755
--- a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
+++ b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ export CVSROOT CVS_SERVER
 
 rm -rf "$CVSWORK" "$SERVERDIR"
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
+  git config push.default matching &&
   echo >empty &&
   git add empty &&
   git commit -q -m "First Commit" &&
diff --git a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
index 1c5bc84..8c3db76 100755
--- a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ export CVSROOT CVS_SERVER
 
 rm -rf "$CVSWORK" "$SERVERDIR"
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
+    git config push.default matching &&
     echo "Simple text file" >textfile.c &&
     echo "File with embedded NUL: Q <- there" | q_to_nul > binfile.bin &&
     mkdir subdir &&
diff --git a/t/t9402-git-cvsserver-refs.sh b/t/t9402-git-cvsserver-refs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..735a018
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9402-git-cvsserver-refs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,551 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git-cvsserver and git refspecs
+
+tests ability for git-cvsserver to switch between and compare
+tags, branches and other git refspecs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+#########
+
+check_start_tree() {
+	rm -f "$WORKDIR/list.expected"
+	echo "start $1" >>"${WORKDIR}/check.log"
+}
+
+check_file() {
+	sandbox="$1"
+	file="$2"
+	ver="$3"
+	GIT_DIR=$SERVERDIR git show "${ver}:${file}" \
+		>"$WORKDIR/check.got" 2>"$WORKDIR/check.stderr"
+	test_cmp "$WORKDIR/check.got" "$sandbox/$file"
+	stat=$?
+	echo "check_file $sandbox $file $ver : $stat" >>"$WORKDIR/check.log"
+	echo "$file" >>"$WORKDIR/list.expected"
+	return $stat
+}
+
+check_end_tree() {
+	sandbox="$1" &&
+	find "$sandbox" -name CVS -prune -o -type f -print >"$WORKDIR/list.actual" &&
+	sort <"$WORKDIR/list.expected" >expected &&
+	sort <"$WORKDIR/list.actual" | sed -e "s%cvswork/%%" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	rm expected actual
+}
+
+check_end_full_tree() {
+	sandbox="$1" &&
+	sort <"$WORKDIR/list.expected" >expected &&
+	find "$sandbox" -name CVS -prune -o -type f -print |
+	sed -e "s%$sandbox/%%" | sort >act1 &&
+	test_cmp expected act1 &&
+	git ls-tree --name-only -r "$2" | sort >act2 &&
+	test_cmp expected act2 &&
+	rm expected act1 act2
+}
+
+#########
+
+check_diff() {
+	diffFile="$1"
+	vOld="$2"
+	vNew="$3"
+	rm -rf diffSandbox
+	git clone -q -n . diffSandbox &&
+	(
+		cd diffSandbox &&
+		git checkout "$vOld" &&
+		git apply -p0 --index <"../$diffFile" &&
+		git diff --exit-code "$vNew"
+	) >check_diff_apply.out 2>&1
+}
+
+#########
+
+cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
+if test $? -ne 1
+then
+	skip_all='skipping git-cvsserver tests, cvs not found'
+	test_done
+fi
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL
+then
+	skip_all='skipping git-cvsserver tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+"$PERL_PATH" -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+	skip_all='skipping git-cvsserver tests, Perl SQLite interface unavailable'
+	test_done
+}
+
+unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
+WORKDIR=$(pwd)
+SERVERDIR=$(pwd)/gitcvs.git
+git_config="$SERVERDIR/config"
+CVSROOT=":fork:$SERVERDIR"
+CVSWORK="$(pwd)/cvswork"
+CVS_SERVER=git-cvsserver
+export CVSROOT CVS_SERVER
+
+rm -rf "$CVSWORK" "$SERVERDIR"
+test_expect_success 'setup v1, b1' '
+	echo "Simple text file" >textfile.c &&
+	echo "t2" >t2 &&
+	mkdir adir &&
+	echo "adir/afile line1" >adir/afile &&
+	echo "adir/afile line2" >>adir/afile &&
+	echo "adir/afile line3" >>adir/afile &&
+	echo "adir/afile line4" >>adir/afile &&
+	echo "adir/a2file" >>adir/a2file &&
+	mkdir adir/bdir &&
+	echo "adir/bdir/bfile line 1" >adir/bdir/bfile &&
+	echo "adir/bdir/bfile line 2" >>adir/bdir/bfile &&
+	echo "adir/bdir/b2file" >adir/bdir/b2file &&
+	git add textfile.c t2 adir &&
+	git commit -q -m "First Commit (v1)" &&
+	git tag v1 &&
+	git branch b1 &&
+	git clone -q --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true &&
+	GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.logfile "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.log"
+'
+
+rm -rf cvswork
+test_expect_success 'cvs co v1' '
+	cvs -f -Q co -r v1 -d cvswork master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+rm -rf cvswork
+test_expect_success 'cvs co b1' '
+	cvs -f co -r b1 -d cvswork master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs co b1 [cvswork3]' '
+	cvs -f co -r b1 -d cvswork3 master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork3 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork3 v1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'edit cvswork3 and save diff' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork3 &&
+		sed -e "s/line1/line1 - data/" adir/afile >adir/afileNEW &&
+		mv -f adir/afileNEW adir/afile &&
+		echo "afile5" >adir/afile5 &&
+		rm t2 &&
+		cvs -f add adir/afile5 &&
+		cvs -f rm t2 &&
+		! cvs -f diff -N -u >"$WORKDIR/cvswork3edit.diff"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup v1.2 on b1' '
+	git checkout b1 &&
+	echo "new v1.2" >t3 &&
+	rm t2 &&
+	sed -e "s/line3/line3 - more data/" adir/afile >adir/afileNEW &&
+	mv -f adir/afileNEW adir/afile &&
+	rm adir/a2file &&
+	echo "a3file" >>adir/a3file &&
+	echo "bfile line 3" >>adir/bdir/bfile &&
+	rm adir/bdir/b2file &&
+	echo "b3file" >adir/bdir/b3file &&
+	mkdir cdir &&
+	echo "cdir/cfile" >cdir/cfile &&
+	git add -A cdir adir t3 t2 &&
+	git commit -q -m 'v1.2' &&
+	git tag v1.2 &&
+	git push --tags gitcvs.git b1:b1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs -f up (on b1 adir)' '
+	( cd cvswork/adir && cvs -f up -d ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b3file v1.2 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up (on b1 /)' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -d ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork t3 v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork cdir/cfile v1.2 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+# Make sure "CVS/Tag" files didn't get messed up:
+test_expect_success 'cvs up (on b1 /) (again; check CVS/Tag files)' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -d ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork t3 v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork cdir/cfile v1.2 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+# update to another version:
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r v1' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r v1 ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up (again; check CVS/Tag files)' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -d ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup simple b2' '
+	git branch b2 v1 &&
+	git push --tags gitcvs.git b2:b2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs co b2 [into cvswork2]' '
+	cvs -f co -r b2 -d cvswork2 master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'root dir edit [cvswork2]' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork2 && echo "Line 2" >>textfile.c &&
+		! cvs -f diff -u >"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit1.diff" &&
+		cvs -f commit -m "edit textfile.c" textfile.c
+	) >cvsEdit1.log 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'root dir rm file [cvswork2]' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork2 &&
+		cvs -f rm -f t2 &&
+		cvs -f diff -u >../cvsEdit2-empty.diff &&
+		! cvs -f diff -N -u >"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit2-N.diff" &&
+		cvs -f commit -m "rm t2"
+	) >cvsEdit2.log 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'subdir edit/add/rm files [cvswork2]' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork2 &&
+		sed -e "s/line 1/line 1 (v2)/" adir/bdir/bfile >adir/bdir/bfileNEW &&
+		mv -f adir/bdir/bfileNEW adir/bdir/bfile &&
+		rm adir/bdir/b2file &&
+		cd adir &&
+		cvs -f rm bdir/b2file &&
+		echo "4th file" >bdir/b4file &&
+		cvs -f add bdir/b4file &&
+		! cvs -f diff -N -u >"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit3.diff" &&
+		git fetch gitcvs.git b2:b2 &&
+		(
+		  cd .. &&
+		  ! cvs -f diff -u -N -r v1.2 >"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit3-v1.2.diff" &&
+		  ! cvs -f diff -u -N -r v1.2 -r v1 >"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit3-v1.2-v1.diff"
+		) &&
+		cvs -f commit -m "various add/rm/edit"
+	) >cvs.log 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate result of edits [cvswork2]' '
+	git fetch gitcvs.git b2:b2 &&
+	git tag v2 b2 &&
+	git push --tags gitcvs.git b2:b2 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 textfile.c v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/afile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/a2file v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/bdir/bfile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/bdir/b4file v2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork2 v2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate basic diffs saved during above cvswork2 edits' '
+	test $(grep Index: cvsEdit1.diff | wc -l) = 1 &&
+	test ! -s cvsEdit2-empty.diff &&
+	test $(grep Index: cvsEdit2-N.diff | wc -l) = 1 &&
+	test $(grep Index: cvsEdit3.diff | wc -l) = 3 &&
+	rm -rf diffSandbox &&
+	git clone -q -n . diffSandbox &&
+	(
+		cd diffSandbox &&
+		git checkout v1 &&
+		git apply -p0 --index <"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit1.diff" &&
+		git apply -p0 --index <"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit2-N.diff" &&
+		git apply -p0 --directory=adir --index <"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit3.diff" &&
+		git diff --exit-code v2
+	) >"check_diff_apply.out" 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate v1.2 diff saved during last cvswork2 edit' '
+	test $(grep Index: cvsEdit3-v1.2.diff | wc -l) = 9 &&
+	check_diff cvsEdit3-v1.2.diff v1.2 v2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate v1.2 v1 diff saved during last cvswork2 edit' '
+	test $(grep Index: cvsEdit3-v1.2-v1.diff | wc -l) = 9 &&
+	check_diff cvsEdit3-v1.2-v1.diff v1.2 v1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up [cvswork2]' '
+	( cd cvswork2 && cvs -f up ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 textfile.c v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/afile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/a2file v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/bdir/bfile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/bdir/b4file v2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork2 v2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r b2 [back to cvswork]' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r b2 ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b4file v2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r b1' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r b1 ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork t3 v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork cdir/cfile v1.2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v1.2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -A' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -A ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up (check CVS/Tag files)' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v1
+'
+
+# This is not really legal CVS, but it seems to work anyway:
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r heads/b1' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r heads/b1 ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork t3 v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork cdir/cfile v1.2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v1.2
+'
+
+# But this should work even if CVS client checks -r more carefully:
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r heads_-s-b2 (cvsserver escape mechanism)' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r heads_-s-b2 ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b4file v2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v2
+'
+
+v1hash=$(git rev-parse v1)
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r $(git rev-parse v1)' '
+	test -n "$v1hash" &&
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r "$v1hash" ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs diff -r v1 -u' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f diff -r v1 -u ) >cvsDiff.out 2>cvs.log &&
+	test ! -s cvsDiff.out &&
+	test ! -s cvs.log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs diff -N -r v2 -u' '
+	( cd cvswork && ! cvs -f diff -N -r v2 -u ) >cvsDiff.out 2>cvs.log &&
+	test ! -s cvs.log &&
+	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
+	check_diff cvsDiff.out v2 v1 >check_diff.out 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs diff -N -r v2 -r v1.2' '
+	( cd cvswork && ! cvs -f diff -N -r v2 -r v1.2 -u ) >cvsDiff.out 2>cvs.log &&
+	test ! -s cvs.log &&
+	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
+	check_diff cvsDiff.out v2 v1.2 >check_diff.out 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply early [cvswork3] diff to b3' '
+	git clone -q . gitwork3 &&
+	(
+		cd gitwork3 &&
+		git checkout -b b3 v1 &&
+		git apply -p0 --index <"$WORKDIR/cvswork3edit.diff" &&
+		git commit -m "cvswork3 edits applied"
+	) &&
+	git fetch gitwork3 b3:b3 &&
+	git tag v3 b3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check [cvswork3] diff' '
+	( cd cvswork3 && ! cvs -f diff -N -u ) >"$WORKDIR/cvsDiff.out" 2>cvs.log &&
+	test ! -s cvs.log &&
+	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
+	test $(grep Index: cvsDiff.out | wc -l) = 3 &&
+	test_cmp cvsDiff.out cvswork3edit.diff &&
+	check_diff cvsDiff.out v1 v3 >check_diff.out 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge early [cvswork3] b3 with b1' '
+	( cd gitwork3 && git merge "message" HEAD b1 ) &&
+	git fetch gitwork3 b3:b3 &&
+	git tag v3merged b3 &&
+	git push --tags gitcvs.git b3:b3
+'
+
+# This test would fail if cvsserver properly created a ".#afile"* file
+# for the merge.
+# TODO: Validate that the .# file was saved properly, and then
+#   delete/ignore it when checking the tree.
+test_expect_success 'cvs up dirty [cvswork3]' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork3 &&
+		cvs -f up &&
+		! cvs -f diff -N -u >"$WORKDIR/cvsDiff.out"
+	) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
+	test $(grep Index: cvsDiff.out | wc -l) = 2 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork3 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 textfile.c v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 t3 v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/afile v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/a3file v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/afile5 v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/bfile v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/b3file v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 cdir/cfile v3merged &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork3 v3merged
+'
+
+# TODO: test cvs status
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs commit [cvswork3]' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork3 &&
+		cvs -f commit -m "dirty sandbox after auto-merge"
+	) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork3 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 textfile.c v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 t3 v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/afile v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/a3file v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/afile5 v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/bfile v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/b3file v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 cdir/cfile v3merged &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork3 v3merged &&
+	git fetch gitcvs.git b3:b4 &&
+	git tag v4.1 b4 &&
+	git diff --exit-code v4.1 v3merged >check_diff_apply.out 2>&1
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
index 90bb605..6783c14 100755
--- a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
+++ b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
@@ -539,8 +539,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 test_when_finished "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=\"C O Mitter\"" &&
 	 echo "ISO-8859-1" >> file &&
 	 git add file &&
-	 git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	 test_when_finished "git config --unset i18n.commitencoding" &&
+	 test_config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
 	 git commit -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/ISO8859-1.txt &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
 
diff --git a/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh b/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
index ef86948..d3a5bac 100755
--- a/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
+++ b/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
@@ -130,7 +130,8 @@ test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: feed last-modified' '
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
 
 test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: feed if-modified-since (modified)' '
-	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Wed, 6 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Wed, 6 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE &&
 	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
 	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=atom;h=master" &&
 	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.headers
@@ -138,7 +139,8 @@ test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: feed if-modified-since (modified)
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
 
 test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: feed if-modified-since (unmodified)' '
-	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Thu, 7 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Thu, 7 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE &&
 	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
 	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=atom;h=master" &&
 	grep "Status: 304 Not Modified" gitweb.headers
@@ -153,7 +155,8 @@ test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: snapshot last-modified' '
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
 
 test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: snapshot if-modified-since (modified)' '
-	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Wed, 6 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Wed, 6 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE &&
 	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
 	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=master;sf=tgz" &&
 	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.headers
@@ -161,7 +164,8 @@ test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: snapshot if-modified-since (modif
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
 
 test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: snapshot if-modified-since (unmodified)' '
-	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Thu, 7 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Thu, 7 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE &&
 	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
 	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=master;sf=tgz" &&
 	grep "Status: 304 Not Modified" gitweb.headers
@@ -170,7 +174,8 @@ test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
 
 test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: tree snapshot' '
 	ID=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD^{tree}` &&
-	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Wed, 6 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Wed, 6 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE &&
 	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
 	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=$ID;sf=tgz" &&
 	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.headers &&
diff --git a/t/t9700/test.pl b/t/t9700/test.pl
index 0d4e366..1140767 100755
--- a/t/t9700/test.pl
+++ b/t/t9700/test.pl
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ is($r->get_color("color.test.slot1", "red"), $ansi_green, "get_color");
 # Failure cases for config:
 # Save and restore STDERR; we will probably extract this into a
 # "dies_ok" method and possibly move the STDERR handling to Git.pm.
-open our $tmpstderr, ">&STDERR" or die "cannot save STDERR"; close STDERR;
+open our $tmpstderr, ">&STDERR" or die "cannot save STDERR";
+open STDERR, ">", "/dev/null" or die "cannot redirect STDERR to /dev/null";
 is($r->config("test.dupstring"), "value2", "config: multivar");
 eval { $r->config_bool("test.boolother") };
 ok($@, "config_bool: non-boolean values fail");
diff --git a/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh b/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh
index 8c59796..665607c 100755
--- a/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh
@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@ test_expect_success 'basic git p4 clone' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'depot typo error' '
+	test_must_fail git p4 clone --dest="$git" /depot 2>errs &&
+	grep "Depot paths must start with" errs
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git p4 clone @all' '
 	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
 	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
@@ -160,9 +165,12 @@ test_expect_success 'clone --bare should make a bare repository' '
 	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
-		test ! -d .git &&
-		bare=`git config --get core.bare` &&
-		test "$bare" = true
+		test_path_is_missing .git &&
+		git config --get --bool core.bare true &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/master &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/HEAD &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master &&
+		git rev-parse --verify HEAD
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh b/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh
index aae1a3f..eeefa67 100755
--- a/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh
+++ b/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh
@@ -8,6 +8,123 @@ test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
 	start_p4d
 '
 
+#
+# This series of tests checks newline handling  Both p4 and
+# git store newlines as \n, and have options to choose how
+# newlines appear in checked-out files.
+#
+test_expect_success 'p4 client newlines, unix' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:unix/" | p4 client -i &&
+		printf "unix\ncrlf\n" >f-unix &&
+		printf "unix\r\ncrlf\r\n" >f-unix-as-crlf &&
+		p4 add -t text f-unix &&
+		p4 submit -d f-unix &&
+
+		# LineEnd: unix; should be no change after sync
+		cp f-unix f-unix-orig &&
+		p4 sync -f &&
+		test_cmp f-unix-orig f-unix &&
+
+		# make sure stored in repo as unix newlines
+		# use sed to eat python-appened newline
+		p4 -G print //depot/f-unix | marshal_dump data 2 |\
+		    sed \$d >f-unix-p4-print &&
+		test_cmp f-unix-orig f-unix-p4-print &&
+
+		# switch to win, make sure lf -> crlf
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:win/" | p4 client -i &&
+		p4 sync -f &&
+		test_cmp f-unix-as-crlf f-unix
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'p4 client newlines, win' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:win/" | p4 client -i &&
+		printf "win\r\ncrlf\r\n" >f-win &&
+		printf "win\ncrlf\n" >f-win-as-lf &&
+		p4 add -t text f-win &&
+		p4 submit -d f-win &&
+
+		# LineEnd: win; should be no change after sync
+		cp f-win f-win-orig &&
+		p4 sync -f &&
+		test_cmp f-win-orig f-win &&
+
+		# make sure stored in repo as unix newlines
+		# use sed to eat python-appened newline
+		p4 -G print //depot/f-win | marshal_dump data 2 |\
+		    sed \$d >f-win-p4-print &&
+		test_cmp f-win-as-lf f-win-p4-print &&
+
+		# switch to unix, make sure lf -> crlf
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:unix/" | p4 client -i &&
+		p4 sync -f &&
+		test_cmp f-win-as-lf f-win
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ensure blobs store only lf newlines' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		git p4 sync //depot@all &&
+
+		# verify the files in .git are stored only with newlines
+		o=$(git ls-tree p4/master -- f-unix | cut -f1 | cut -d\  -f3) &&
+		git cat-file blob $o >f-unix-blob &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-unix-orig f-unix-blob &&
+
+		o=$(git ls-tree p4/master -- f-win | cut -f1 | cut -d\  -f3) &&
+		git cat-file blob $o >f-win-blob &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-win-as-lf f-win-blob &&
+
+		rm f-unix-blob f-win-blob
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitattributes setting eol=lf produces lf newlines' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		# checkout the files and make sure core.eol works as planned
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "* eol=lf" >.gitattributes &&
+		git p4 sync //depot@all &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-unix-orig f-unix &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-win-as-lf f-win
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitattributes setting eol=crlf produces crlf newlines' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		# checkout the files and make sure core.eol works as planned
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "* eol=crlf" >.gitattributes &&
+		git p4 sync //depot@all &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-unix-as-crlf f-unix &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-win-orig f-win
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'crlf cleanup' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		rm f-unix-orig f-unix-as-crlf &&
+		rm f-win-orig f-win-as-lf &&
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:unix/" | p4 client -i &&
+		p4 sync -f
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'utf-16 file create' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
diff --git a/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh b/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh
index fa40cc8..254d428 100755
--- a/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh
+++ b/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh
@@ -27,14 +27,102 @@ test_expect_success 'clone no --git-dir' '
 	test_must_fail git p4 clone --git-dir=xx //depot
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'clone --branch' '
+test_expect_success 'clone --branch should checkout master' '
 	git p4 clone --branch=refs/remotes/p4/sb --dest="$git" //depot &&
 	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
-		git ls-files >files &&
-		test_line_count = 0 files &&
-		test_path_is_file .git/refs/remotes/p4/sb
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/p4/sb >sb &&
+		git rev-parse refs/heads/master >master &&
+		test_cmp sb master &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD >head &&
+		test_cmp sb head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sync when no master branch prints a nice error' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --branch=refs/remotes/p4/sb --dest="$git" //depot@2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 sync 2>err &&
+		grep "Error: no branch refs/remotes/p4/master" err
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sync --branch builds the full ref name correctly' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+
+		git p4 sync --branch=b1 //depot &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/b1 &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=p4/b2 //depot &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/b2 &&
+
+		git p4 sync --import-local --branch=h1 //depot &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/p4/h1 &&
+		git p4 sync --import-local --branch=p4/h2 //depot &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/p4/h2 &&
+
+		git p4 sync --branch=refs/stuff //depot &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/stuff
+	)
+'
+
+# engages --detect-branches code, which will do filename filtering so
+# no sync to either b1 or b2
+test_expect_success 'sync when two branches but no master should noop' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=refs/remotes/p4/b1 //depot@2 &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=refs/remotes/p4/b2 //depot@2 &&
+		git p4 sync &&
+		git show -s --format=%s refs/remotes/p4/b1 >show &&
+		grep "Initial import" show &&
+		git show -s --format=%s refs/remotes/p4/b2 >show &&
+		grep "Initial import" show
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sync --branch updates specific branch, no detection' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=b1 //depot@2 &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=b2 //depot@2 &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=b2 &&
+		git show -s --format=%s refs/remotes/p4/b1 >show &&
+		grep "Initial import" show &&
+		git show -s --format=%s refs/remotes/p4/b2 >show &&
+		grep "change 3" show
+	)
+'
+
+# allows using the refname "p4" as a short name for p4/master
+test_expect_success 'clone creates HEAD symbolic reference' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/master >master &&
+		git rev-parse --verify p4 >p4 &&
+		test_cmp master p4
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --branch creates HEAD symbolic reference' '
+	git p4 clone --branch=refs/remotes/p4/sb --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/sb >sb &&
+		git rev-parse --verify p4 >p4 &&
+		test_cmp sb p4
 	)
 '
 
@@ -126,37 +214,58 @@ test_expect_success 'clone --use-client-spec' '
 		exec >/dev/null &&
 		test_must_fail git p4 clone --dest="$git" --use-client-spec
 	) &&
-	cli2=$(test-path-utils real_path "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cli2") &&
+	# build a different client
+	cli2="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cli2" &&
 	mkdir -p "$cli2" &&
 	test_when_finished "rmdir \"$cli2\"" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
 	(
-		cd "$cli2" &&
-		p4 client -i <<-EOF
-		Client: client2
-		Description: client2
-		Root: $cli2
-		View: //depot/sub/... //client2/bus/...
-		EOF
-	) &&
-	P4CLIENT=client2 &&
+		# group P4CLIENT and cli changes in a sub-shell
+		P4CLIENT=client2 &&
+		cli="$cli2" &&
+		client_view "//depot/sub/... //client2/bus/..." &&
+		git p4 clone --dest="$git" --use-client-spec //depot/... &&
+		(
+			cd "$git" &&
+			test_path_is_file bus/dir/f4 &&
+			test_path_is_missing file1
+		) &&
+		cleanup_git &&
+		# same thing again, this time with variable instead of option
+		(
+			cd "$git" &&
+			git init &&
+			git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+			git p4 sync //depot/... &&
+			git checkout -b master p4/master &&
+			test_path_is_file bus/dir/f4 &&
+			test_path_is_missing file1
+		)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit works with no p4/master' '
 	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	git p4 clone --dest="$git" --use-client-spec //depot/... &&
+	git p4 clone --branch=b1 //depot@1,2 --destination="$git" &&
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
-		test_path_is_file bus/dir/f4 &&
-		test_path_is_missing file1
-	) &&
-	cleanup_git &&
+		test_commit submit-1-branch &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit --branch=b1
+	)
+'
 
-	# same thing again, this time with variable instead of option
+# The sync/rebase part post-submit will engage detect-branches
+# machinery which will not do anything in this particular test.
+test_expect_success 'submit works with two branches' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --branch=b1 //depot@1,2 --destination="$git" &&
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
-		git init &&
-		git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
-		git p4 sync //depot/... &&
-		git checkout -b master p4/master &&
-		test_path_is_file bus/dir/f4 &&
-		test_path_is_missing file1
+		git p4 sync --branch=b2 //depot@1,3 &&
+		test_commit submit-2-branches &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh b/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
index 0ae048f..1fb7bc7 100755
--- a/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
+++ b/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
@@ -17,6 +17,16 @@ test_expect_success 'init depot' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_failure 'is_cli_file_writeable function' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo a >a &&
+		is_cli_file_writeable a &&
+		! is_cli_file_writeable file1 &&
+		rm a
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'submit with no client dir' '
 	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
 	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
@@ -200,7 +210,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submit copy' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		test_path_is_file file5.ta &&
-		test ! -w file5.ta
+		! is_cli_file_writeable file5.ta
 	)
 '
 
@@ -219,7 +229,7 @@ test_expect_success 'submit rename' '
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		test_path_is_missing file6.t &&
 		test_path_is_file file6.ta &&
-		test ! -w file6.ta
+		! is_cli_file_writeable file6.ta
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9808-git-p4-chdir.sh b/t/t9808-git-p4-chdir.sh
index dc92e60..11d2b51 100755
--- a/t/t9808-git-p4-chdir.sh
+++ b/t/t9808-git-p4-chdir.sh
@@ -42,6 +42,47 @@ test_expect_success 'P4CONFIG and relative dir clone' '
 	)
 '
 
+# Common setup using .p4config to set P4CLIENT and P4PORT breaks
+# if clone destination is relative.  Make sure that chdir() expands
+# the relative path in --dest to absolute.
+test_expect_success 'p4 client root would be relative due to clone --dest' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		echo P4PORT=$P4PORT >git/.p4config &&
+		P4CONFIG=.p4config &&
+		export P4CONFIG &&
+		unset P4PORT &&
+		git p4 clone --dest="git" //depot
+	)
+'
+
+# When the p4 client Root is a symlink, make sure chdir() does not use
+# getcwd() to convert it to a physical path.
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'p4 client root symlink should stay symbolic' '
+	physical="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/physical" &&
+	symbolic="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/symbolic" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf \"$physical\"" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm \"$symbolic\"" &&
+	mkdir -p "$physical" &&
+	ln -s "$physical" "$symbolic" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		P4CLIENT=client-sym &&
+		p4 client -i <<-EOF &&
+		Client: $P4CLIENT
+		Description: $P4CLIENT
+		Root: $symbolic
+		LineEnd: unix
+		View: //depot/... //$P4CLIENT/...
+		EOF
+		git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit file2 &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
 	kill_p4d
 '
diff --git a/t/t9809-git-p4-client-view.sh b/t/t9809-git-p4-client-view.sh
index 281be29..77f6349 100755
--- a/t/t9809-git-p4-client-view.sh
+++ b/t/t9809-git-p4-client-view.sh
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ test_expect_success 'exclusion single file' '
 
 test_expect_success 'overlay wildcard' '
 	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/cli/..." \
-		    "+//depot/dir2/... //client/cli/...\n" &&
+		    "+//depot/dir2/... //client/cli/..." &&
 	files="cli/file11 cli/file12 cli/file21 cli/file22" &&
 	client_verify $files &&
 	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ test_expect_success 'subdir clone, submit copy' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		test_path_is_file dir1/file11a &&
-		test ! -w dir1/file11a
+		! is_cli_file_writeable dir1/file11a
 	)
 '
 
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ test_expect_success 'subdir clone, submit rename' '
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		test_path_is_missing dir1/file13 &&
 		test_path_is_file dir1/file13a &&
-		test ! -w dir1/file13a
+		! is_cli_file_writeable dir1/file13a
 	)
 '
 
@@ -365,7 +365,10 @@ test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, client-spec case' '
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
 		echo git-wild-hash >dir1/git-wild#hash &&
-		echo git-wild-star >dir1/git-wild\*star &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			echo git-wild-star >dir1/git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
 		echo git-wild-at >dir1/git-wild@at &&
 		echo git-wild-percent >dir1/git-wild%percent &&
 		git add dir1/git-wild* &&
@@ -376,7 +379,10 @@ test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, client-spec case' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		test_path_is_file dir1/git-wild#hash &&
-		test_path_is_file dir1/git-wild\*star &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			test_path_is_file dir1/git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
 		test_path_is_file dir1/git-wild@at &&
 		test_path_is_file dir1/git-wild%percent
 	) &&
diff --git a/t/t9812-git-p4-wildcards.sh b/t/t9812-git-p4-wildcards.sh
index 143d413..6763325 100755
--- a/t/t9812-git-p4-wildcards.sh
+++ b/t/t9812-git-p4-wildcards.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,10 @@ test_expect_success 'add p4 files with wildcards in the names' '
 		printf "file2\nhas\nsome\nrandom\ntext\n" >file2 &&
 		p4 add file2 &&
 		echo file-wild-hash >file-wild#hash &&
-		echo file-wild-star >file-wild\*star &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			echo file-wild-star >file-wild\*star
+		fi &&
 		echo file-wild-at >file-wild@at &&
 		echo file-wild-percent >file-wild%percent &&
 		p4 add -f file-wild* &&
@@ -28,7 +31,10 @@ test_expect_success 'wildcard files git p4 clone' '
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
 		test -f file-wild#hash &&
-		test -f file-wild\*star &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			test -f file-wild\*star
+		fi &&
 		test -f file-wild@at &&
 		test -f file-wild%percent
 	)
@@ -40,7 +46,10 @@ test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, add' '
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
 		echo git-wild-hash >git-wild#hash &&
-		echo git-wild-star >git-wild\*star &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			echo git-wild-star >git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
 		echo git-wild-at >git-wild@at &&
 		echo git-wild-percent >git-wild%percent &&
 		git add git-wild* &&
@@ -51,7 +60,10 @@ test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, add' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		test_path_is_file git-wild#hash &&
-		test_path_is_file git-wild\*star &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			test_path_is_file git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
 		test_path_is_file git-wild@at &&
 		test_path_is_file git-wild%percent
 	)
@@ -63,7 +75,10 @@ test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, modify' '
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
 		echo new-line >>git-wild#hash &&
-		echo new-line >>git-wild\*star &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			echo new-line >>git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
 		echo new-line >>git-wild@at &&
 		echo new-line >>git-wild%percent &&
 		git add git-wild* &&
@@ -74,7 +89,10 @@ test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, modify' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		test_line_count = 2 git-wild#hash &&
-		test_line_count = 2 git-wild\*star &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			test_line_count = 2 git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
 		test_line_count = 2 git-wild@at &&
 		test_line_count = 2 git-wild%percent
 	)
@@ -87,7 +105,7 @@ test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, copy' '
 		cd "$git" &&
 		cp file2 git-wild-cp#hash &&
 		git add git-wild-cp#hash &&
-		cp git-wild\*star file-wild-3 &&
+		cp git-wild#hash file-wild-3 &&
 		git add file-wild-3 &&
 		git commit -m "wildcard copies" &&
 		git config git-p4.detectCopies true &&
@@ -134,7 +152,10 @@ test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, delete' '
 	(
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		test_path_is_missing git-wild#hash &&
-		test_path_is_missing git-wild\*star &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			test_path_is_missing git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
 		test_path_is_missing git-wild@at &&
 		test_path_is_missing git-wild%percent
 	)
diff --git a/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh b/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh
index d2b7b3d..1243d96 100755
--- a/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh
+++ b/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh
@@ -405,8 +405,8 @@ test_expect_success 'cleanup chmod after submit cancel' '
 	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
 	(
 		cd "$git" &&
-		chmod u+x text &&
-		chmod u-x text+x &&
+		test_chmod +x text &&
+		test_chmod -x text+x &&
 		git add text text+x &&
 		git commit -m "chmod texts" &&
 		echo n | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
@@ -415,10 +415,13 @@ test_expect_success 'cleanup chmod after submit cancel' '
 		cd "$cli" &&
 		test_path_is_file text &&
 		! p4 fstat -T action text &&
-		stat --format=%A text | egrep ^-r-- &&
 		test_path_is_file text+x &&
 		! p4 fstat -T action text+x &&
-		stat --format=%A text+x | egrep ^-r-x
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			stat --format=%A text | egrep ^-r-- &&
+			stat --format=%A text+x | egrep ^-r-x
+		fi
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9902-completion.sh b/t/t9902-completion.sh
index adc1372..6d9d141 100755
--- a/t/t9902-completion.sh
+++ b/t/t9902-completion.sh
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ run_completion ()
 	local -a COMPREPLY _words
 	local _cword
 	_words=( $1 )
+	test "${1: -1}" == ' ' && _words+=('')
 	(( _cword = ${#_words[@]} - 1 ))
 	__git_wrap__git_main && print_comp
 }
@@ -104,6 +105,23 @@ test_gitcomp ()
 	test_cmp expected out
 }
 
+# Test __gitcomp_nl
+# Arguments are:
+# 1: current word (cur)
+# -: the rest are passed to __gitcomp_nl
+test_gitcomp_nl ()
+{
+	local -a COMPREPLY &&
+	sed -e 's/Z$//' >expected &&
+	cur="$1" &&
+	shift &&
+	__gitcomp_nl "$@" &&
+	print_comp &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+}
+
+invalid_variable_name='${foo.bar}'
+
 test_expect_success '__gitcomp - trailing space - options' '
 	test_gitcomp "--re" "--dry-run --reuse-message= --reedit-message=
 		--reset-author" <<-EOF
@@ -147,8 +165,51 @@ test_expect_success '__gitcomp - suffix' '
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - doesnt fail because of invalid variable name' '
+	__gitcomp "$invalid_variable_name"
+'
+
+read -r -d "" refs <<-\EOF
+maint
+master
+next
+pu
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp_nl - trailing space' '
+	test_gitcomp_nl "m" "$refs" <<-EOF
+	maint Z
+	master Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp_nl - prefix' '
+	test_gitcomp_nl "--fixup=m" "$refs" "--fixup=" "m" <<-EOF
+	--fixup=maint Z
+	--fixup=master Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp_nl - suffix' '
+	test_gitcomp_nl "branch.ma" "$refs" "branch." "ma" "." <<-\EOF
+	branch.maint.Z
+	branch.master.Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp_nl - no suffix' '
+	test_gitcomp_nl "ma" "$refs" "" "ma" "" <<-\EOF
+	maintZ
+	masterZ
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp_nl - doesnt fail because of invalid variable name' '
+	__gitcomp_nl "$invalid_variable_name"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'basic' '
-	run_completion "git \"\"" &&
+	run_completion "git " &&
 	# built-in
 	grep -q "^add \$" out &&
 	# script
@@ -271,7 +332,7 @@ test_expect_success 'complete tree filename with spaces' '
 	EOF
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'complete tree filename with metacharacters' '
+test_expect_success 'complete tree filename with metacharacters' '
 	echo content >"name with \${meta}" &&
 	git add . &&
 	git commit -m meta &&
diff --git a/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh b/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh
index f17c1f8..083b319 100755
--- a/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh
+++ b/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup for prompt tests' '
 	git checkout -b b2 master &&
 	echo 0 > file &&
 	git commit -m "second b2" file &&
+	echo 00 > file &&
+	git commit -m "another b2" file &&
+	echo 000 > file &&
+	git commit -m "yet another b2" file &&
 	git checkout master
 '
 
@@ -59,7 +63,7 @@ test_expect_success 'gitdir - .git directory in cwd' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gitdir - .git directory in parent' '
-	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/.git" > expected &&
+	echo "$(pwd -P)/.git" > expected &&
 	(
 		cd subdir/subsubdir &&
 		__gitdir > "$actual"
@@ -77,7 +81,7 @@ test_expect_success 'gitdir - cwd is a .git directory' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gitdir - parent is a .git directory' '
-	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/.git" > expected &&
+	echo "$(pwd -P)/.git" > expected &&
 	(
 		cd .git/refs/heads &&
 		__gitdir > "$actual"
@@ -115,7 +119,7 @@ test_expect_success 'gitdir - non-existing $GIT_DIR' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gitdir - gitfile in cwd' '
-	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
+	echo "$(pwd -P)/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
 	echo "gitdir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > subdir/.git &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f subdir/.git" &&
 	(
@@ -126,7 +130,7 @@ test_expect_success 'gitdir - gitfile in cwd' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gitdir - gitfile in parent' '
-	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
+	echo "$(pwd -P)/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
 	echo "gitdir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > subdir/.git &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -f subdir/.git" &&
 	(
@@ -137,7 +141,7 @@ test_expect_success 'gitdir - gitfile in parent' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'gitdir - resulting path avoids symlinks' '
-	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
+	echo "$(pwd -P)/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
 	mkdir otherrepo/dir &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -rf otherrepo/dir" &&
 	ln -s otherrepo/dir link &&
@@ -243,10 +247,12 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - inside bare repository' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'prompt - interactive rebase' '
-	printf " (b1|REBASE-i)" > expected
+	printf " (b1|REBASE-i 2/3)" > expected
 	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake_editor.sh &&
 	cat >>fake_editor.sh <<\EOF &&
-echo "edit $(git log -1 --format="%h")" > "$1"
+echo "exec echo" > "$1"
+echo "edit $(git log -1 --format="%h")" >> "$1"
+echo "exec echo" >> "$1"
 EOF
 	test_when_finished "rm -f fake_editor.sh" &&
 	chmod a+x fake_editor.sh &&
@@ -260,7 +266,7 @@ EOF
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'prompt - rebase merge' '
-	printf " (b2|REBASE-m)" > expected &&
+	printf " (b2|REBASE-m 1/3)" > expected &&
 	git checkout b2 &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase --merge b1 b2 &&
@@ -270,7 +276,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - rebase merge' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'prompt - rebase' '
-	printf " ((t2)|REBASE)" > expected &&
+	printf " ((t2)|REBASE 1/3)" > expected &&
 	git checkout b2 &&
 	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase b1 b2 &&
@@ -360,12 +366,48 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - before root commit' '
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - disabled by config' '
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - shell variable unset with config disabled' '
 	printf " (master)" > expected &&
 	echo "dirty" > file &&
 	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
 	test_config bash.showDirtyState false &&
 	(
+		sane_unset GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - shell variable unset with config enabled' '
+	printf " (master)" > expected &&
+	echo "dirty" > file &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	test_config bash.showDirtyState true &&
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - shell variable set with config disabled' '
+	printf " (master)" > expected &&
+	echo "dirty" > file &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	test_config bash.showDirtyState false &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - shell variable set with config enabled' '
+	printf " (master *)" > expected &&
+	echo "dirty" > file &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	test_config bash.showDirtyState true &&
+	(
 		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
 		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
 	) &&
@@ -437,6 +479,46 @@ test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - untracked files
 	test_cmp expected "$actual"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - shell variable unset with config disabled' '
+	printf " (master)" > expected &&
+	test_config bash.showUntrackedFiles false &&
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - shell variable unset with config enabled' '
+	printf " (master)" > expected &&
+	test_config bash.showUntrackedFiles true &&
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - shell variable set with config disabled' '
+	printf " (master)" > expected &&
+	test_config bash.showUntrackedFiles false &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - shell variable set with config enabled' '
+	printf " (master %%)" > expected &&
+	test_config bash.showUntrackedFiles true &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - not shown inside .git directory' '
 	printf " (GIT_DIR!)" > expected &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/test-lib-functions.sh b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
index fa62d01..5251009 100644
--- a/t/test-lib-functions.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
@@ -91,6 +91,10 @@ q_to_tab () {
 	tr Q '\011'
 }
 
+qz_to_tab_space () {
+	tr QZ '\011\040'
+}
+
 append_cr () {
 	sed -e 's/$/Q/' | tr Q '\015'
 }
@@ -135,12 +139,12 @@ test_pause () {
 	fi
 }
 
-# Call test_commit with the arguments "<message> [<file> [<contents>]]"
+# Call test_commit with the arguments "<message> [<file> [<contents> [<tag>]]]"
 #
 # This will commit a file with the given contents and the given commit
-# message.  It will also add a tag with <message> as name.
+# message, and tag the resulting commit with the given tag name.
 #
-# Both <file> and <contents> default to <message>.
+# <file>, <contents>, and <tag> all default to <message>.
 
 test_commit () {
 	notick= &&
@@ -168,7 +172,7 @@ test_commit () {
 		test_tick
 	fi &&
 	git commit $signoff -m "$1" &&
-	git tag "$1"
+	git tag "${4:-$1}"
 }
 
 # Call test_merge with the arguments "<message> <commit>", where <commit>
@@ -536,6 +540,9 @@ test_must_fail () {
 	elif test $exit_code = 127; then
 		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: command not found: $*"
 		return 1
+	elif test $exit_code = 126; then
+		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: valgrind error: $*"
+		return 1
 	fi
 	return 0
 }
diff --git a/t/test-lib.sh b/t/test-lib.sh
index ea1e4a0..ca6bdef 100644
--- a/t/test-lib.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib.sh
@@ -193,7 +193,11 @@ do
 	--no-color)
 		color=; shift ;;
 	--va|--val|--valg|--valgr|--valgri|--valgrin|--valgrind)
-		valgrind=t; verbose=t; shift ;;
+		valgrind=memcheck
+		shift ;;
+	--valgrind=*)
+		valgrind=$(expr "z$1" : 'z[^=]*=\(.*\)')
+		shift ;;
 	--tee)
 		shift ;; # was handled already
 	--root=*)
@@ -204,6 +208,8 @@ do
 	esac
 done
 
+test -n "$valgrind" && verbose=t
+
 if test -n "$color"
 then
 	say_color () {
@@ -214,11 +220,13 @@ then
 		error)
 			tput bold; tput setaf 1;; # bold red
 		skip)
-			tput bold; tput setaf 2;; # bold green
+			tput setaf 4;; # blue
+		warn)
+			tput setaf 3;; # brown/yellow
 		pass)
-			tput setaf 2;;            # green
+			tput setaf 2;; # green
 		info)
-			tput setaf 3;;            # brown
+			tput setaf 6;; # cyan
 		*)
 			test -n "$quiet" && return;;
 		esac
@@ -300,7 +308,7 @@ test_ok_ () {
 
 test_failure_ () {
 	test_failure=$(($test_failure + 1))
-	say_color error "not ok - $test_count $1"
+	say_color error "not ok $test_count - $1"
 	shift
 	echo "$@" | sed -e 's/^/#	/'
 	test "$immediate" = "" || { GIT_EXIT_OK=t; exit 1; }
@@ -308,12 +316,12 @@ test_failure_ () {
 
 test_known_broken_ok_ () {
 	test_fixed=$(($test_fixed+1))
-	say_color "" "ok $test_count - $@ # TODO known breakage"
+	say_color error "ok $test_count - $@ # TODO known breakage vanished"
 }
 
 test_known_broken_failure_ () {
 	test_broken=$(($test_broken+1))
-	say_color skip "not ok $test_count - $@ # TODO known breakage"
+	say_color warn "not ok $test_count - $@ # TODO known breakage"
 }
 
 test_debug () {
@@ -406,13 +414,18 @@ test_done () {
 
 	if test "$test_fixed" != 0
 	then
-		say_color pass "# fixed $test_fixed known breakage(s)"
+		say_color error "# $test_fixed known breakage(s) vanished; please update test(s)"
 	fi
 	if test "$test_broken" != 0
 	then
-		say_color error "# still have $test_broken known breakage(s)"
-		msg="remaining $(($test_count-$test_broken)) test(s)"
+		say_color warn "# still have $test_broken known breakage(s)"
+	fi
+	if test "$test_broken" != 0 || test "$test_fixed" != 0
+	then
+		test_remaining=$(( $test_count - $test_broken - $test_fixed ))
+		msg="remaining $test_remaining test(s)"
 	else
+		test_remaining=$test_count
 		msg="$test_count test(s)"
 	fi
 	case "$test_failure" in
@@ -426,7 +439,7 @@ test_done () {
 
 		if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0
 		then
-			if test $test_count -gt 0
+			if test $test_remaining -gt 0
 			then
 				say_color pass "# passed all $msg"
 			fi
@@ -523,6 +536,8 @@ then
 	PATH=$GIT_VALGRIND/bin:$PATH
 	GIT_EXEC_PATH=$GIT_VALGRIND/bin
 	export GIT_VALGRIND
+	GIT_VALGRIND_MODE="$valgrind"
+	export GIT_VALGRIND_MODE
 elif test -n "$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED"
 then
 	GIT_EXEC_PATH=$($GIT_TEST_INSTALLED/git --exec-path)  ||
@@ -585,14 +600,14 @@ then
 fi
 
 # Test repository
-test="trash directory.$(basename "$0" .sh)"
-test -n "$root" && test="$root/$test"
-case "$test" in
-/*) TRASH_DIRECTORY="$test" ;;
- *) TRASH_DIRECTORY="$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY/$test" ;;
+TRASH_DIRECTORY="trash directory.$(basename "$0" .sh)"
+test -n "$root" && TRASH_DIRECTORY="$root/$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
+case "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" in
+/*) ;; # absolute path is good
+ *) TRASH_DIRECTORY="$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY/$TRASH_DIRECTORY" ;;
 esac
 test ! -z "$debug" || remove_trash=$TRASH_DIRECTORY
-rm -fr "$test" || {
+rm -fr "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" || {
 	GIT_EXIT_OK=t
 	echo >&5 "FATAL: Cannot prepare test area"
 	exit 1
@@ -603,13 +618,13 @@ export HOME
 
 if test -z "$TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO"
 then
-	test_create_repo "$test"
+	test_create_repo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
 else
-	mkdir -p "$test"
+	mkdir -p "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
 fi
 # Use -P to resolve symlinks in our working directory so that the cwd
 # in subprocesses like git equals our $PWD (for pathname comparisons).
-cd -P "$test" || exit 1
+cd -P "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" || exit 1
 
 this_test=${0##*/}
 this_test=${this_test%%-*}
@@ -617,7 +632,7 @@ for skp in $GIT_SKIP_TESTS
 do
 	case "$this_test" in
 	$skp)
-		say_color skip >&3 "skipping test $this_test altogether"
+		say_color info >&3 "skipping test $this_test altogether"
 		skip_all="skip all tests in $this_test"
 		test_done
 	esac
@@ -659,12 +674,14 @@ case $(uname -s) in
 	# backslashes in pathspec are converted to '/'
 	# exec does not inherit the PID
 	test_set_prereq MINGW
+	test_set_prereq NOT_CYGWIN
 	test_set_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR
 	;;
 *CYGWIN*)
 	test_set_prereq POSIXPERM
 	test_set_prereq EXECKEEPSPID
 	test_set_prereq NOT_MINGW
+	test_set_prereq CYGWIN
 	test_set_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR
 	;;
 *)
@@ -672,6 +689,7 @@ case $(uname -s) in
 	test_set_prereq BSLASHPSPEC
 	test_set_prereq EXECKEEPSPID
 	test_set_prereq NOT_MINGW
+	test_set_prereq NOT_CYGWIN
 	;;
 esac
 
@@ -717,6 +735,11 @@ test_i18ngrep () {
 	fi
 }
 
+test_lazy_prereq PIPE '
+	# test whether the filesystem supports FIFOs
+	rm -f testfifo && mkfifo testfifo
+'
+
 test_lazy_prereq SYMLINKS '
 	# test whether the filesystem supports symbolic links
 	ln -s x y && test -h y
@@ -750,3 +773,9 @@ test_lazy_prereq AUTOIDENT '
 # When the tests are run as root, permission tests will report that
 # things are writable when they shouldn't be.
 test -w / || test_set_prereq SANITY
+
+GIT_UNZIP=${GIT_UNZIP:-unzip}
+test_lazy_prereq UNZIP '
+	"$GIT_UNZIP" -v
+	test $? -ne 127
+'
diff --git a/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh b/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh
index 582b4dc..6b87c91 100755
--- a/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh
+++ b/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh
@@ -2,20 +2,27 @@
 
 base=$(basename "$0")
 
-TRACK_ORIGINS=
+TOOL_OPTIONS='--leak-check=no'
 
-VALGRIND_VERSION=$(valgrind --version)
-VALGRIND_MAJOR=$(expr "$VALGRIND_VERSION" : '[^0-9]*\([0-9]*\)')
-VALGRIND_MINOR=$(expr "$VALGRIND_VERSION" : '[^0-9]*[0-9]*\.\([0-9]*\)')
-test 3 -gt "$VALGRIND_MAJOR" ||
-test 3 -eq "$VALGRIND_MAJOR" -a 4 -gt "$VALGRIND_MINOR" ||
-TRACK_ORIGINS=--track-origins=yes
+case "$GIT_VALGRIND_MODE" in
+memcheck-fast)
+	;;
+memcheck)
+	VALGRIND_VERSION=$(valgrind --version)
+	VALGRIND_MAJOR=$(expr "$VALGRIND_VERSION" : '[^0-9]*\([0-9]*\)')
+	VALGRIND_MINOR=$(expr "$VALGRIND_VERSION" : '[^0-9]*[0-9]*\.\([0-9]*\)')
+	test 3 -gt "$VALGRIND_MAJOR" ||
+	test 3 -eq "$VALGRIND_MAJOR" -a 4 -gt "$VALGRIND_MINOR" ||
+	TOOL_OPTIONS="$TOOL_OPTIONS --track-origins=yes"
+	;;
+*)
+	TOOL_OPTIONS="--tool=$GIT_VALGRIND_MODE"
+esac
 
 exec valgrind -q --error-exitcode=126 \
-	--leak-check=no \
-	--suppressions="$GIT_VALGRIND/default.supp" \
 	--gen-suppressions=all \
-	$TRACK_ORIGINS \
+	--suppressions="$GIT_VALGRIND/default.supp" \
+	$TOOL_OPTIONS \
 	--log-fd=4 \
 	--input-fd=4 \
 	$GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS \
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-push.sample b/templates/hooks--pre-push.sample
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15ab6d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-push.sample
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# An example hook script to verify what is about to be pushed.  Called by "git
+# push" after it has checked the remote status, but before anything has been
+# pushed.  If this script exits with a non-zero status nothing will be pushed.
+#
+# This hook is called with the following parameters:
+#
+# $1 -- Name of the remote to which the push is being done
+# $2 -- URL to which the push is being done
+#
+# If pushing without using a named remote those arguments will be equal.
+#
+# Information about the commits which are being pushed is supplied as lines to
+# the standard input in the form:
+#
+#   <local ref> <local sha1> <remote ref> <remote sha1>
+#
+# This sample shows how to prevent push of commits where the log message starts
+# with "WIP" (work in progress).
+
+remote="$1"
+url="$2"
+
+z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+
+IFS=' '
+while read local_ref local_sha remote_ref remote_sha
+do
+	if [ "$local_sha" = $z40 ]
+	then
+		# Handle delete
+	else
+		if [ "$remote_sha" = $z40 ]
+		then
+			# New branch, examine all commits
+			range="$local_sha"
+		else
+			# Update to existing branch, examine new commits
+			range="$remote_sha..$local_sha"
+		fi
+
+		# Check for WIP commit
+		commit=`git rev-list -n 1 --grep '^WIP' "$range"`
+		if [ -n "$commit" ]
+		then
+			echo "Found WIP commit in $local_ref, not pushing"
+			exit 1
+		fi
+	fi
+done
+
+exit 0
diff --git a/templates/hooks--update.sample b/templates/hooks--update.sample
index 71ab04e..d847583 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--update.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--update.sample
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ if [ -z "$GIT_DIR" ]; then
 fi
 
 if [ -z "$refname" -o -z "$oldrev" -o -z "$newrev" ]; then
-	echo "Usage: $0 <ref> <oldrev> <newrev>" >&2
+	echo "usage: $0 <ref> <oldrev> <newrev>" >&2
 	exit 1
 fi
 
diff --git a/test-chmtime.c b/test-chmtime.c
index 92713d1..02b42ba 100644
--- a/test-chmtime.c
+++ b/test-chmtime.c
@@ -114,6 +114,6 @@ int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 
 usage:
-	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s %s\n", argv[0], usage_str);
+	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s %s\n", argv[0], usage_str);
 	return -1;
 }
diff --git a/test-delta.c b/test-delta.c
index af40a3c..4595cd6 100644
--- a/test-delta.c
+++ b/test-delta.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	unsigned long from_size, data_size, out_size;
 
 	if (argc != 5 || (strcmp(argv[1], "-d") && strcmp(argv[1], "-p"))) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s\n", usage_str);
+		fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s\n", usage_str);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
diff --git a/test-genrandom.c b/test-genrandom.c
index b3c28d9..54824d0 100644
--- a/test-genrandom.c
+++ b/test-genrandom.c
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	unsigned char *c;
 
 	if (argc < 2 || argc > 3) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <seed_string> [<size>]\n", argv[0]);
+		fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <seed_string> [<size>]\n", argv[0]);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
diff --git a/test-svn-fe.c b/test-svn-fe.c
index 0f2d9a4..120ec96 100644
--- a/test-svn-fe.c
+++ b/test-svn-fe.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ static int apply_delta(int argc, char *argv[])
 		die_errno("cannot open preimage");
 	if (buffer_init(&delta, argv[3]))
 		die_errno("cannot open delta");
-	if (svndiff0_apply(&delta, (off_t) strtoull(argv[4], NULL, 0),
+	if (svndiff0_apply(&delta, (off_t) strtoumax(argv[4], NULL, 0),
 					&preimage_view, stdout))
 		return 1;
 	if (buffer_deinit(&preimage))
diff --git a/test-wildmatch.c b/test-wildmatch.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3e2643
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-wildmatch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#ifdef USE_WILDMATCH
+#undef USE_WILDMATCH  /* We need real fnmatch implementation here */
+#endif
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "wildmatch.h"
+
+static int perf(int ac, char **av)
+{
+	struct timeval tv1, tv2;
+	struct stat st;
+	int fd, i, n, flags1 = 0, flags2 = 0;
+	char *buffer, *p;
+	uint32_t usec1, usec2;
+	const char *lang;
+	const char *file = av[0];
+	const char *pattern = av[1];
+
+	lang = getenv("LANG");
+	if (lang && strcmp(lang, "C"))
+		die("Please test it on C locale.");
+
+	if ((fd = open(file, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd, &st))
+		die_errno("file open");
+
+	buffer = xmalloc(st.st_size + 2);
+	if (read(fd, buffer, st.st_size) != st.st_size)
+		die_errno("read");
+
+	buffer[st.st_size] = '\0';
+	buffer[st.st_size + 1] = '\0';
+	for (i = 0; i < st.st_size; i++)
+		if (buffer[i] == '\n')
+			buffer[i] = '\0';
+
+	n = atoi(av[2]);
+	if (av[3] && !strcmp(av[3], "pathname")) {
+		flags1 = WM_PATHNAME;
+		flags2 = FNM_PATHNAME;
+	}
+
+	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		for (p = buffer; *p; p += strlen(p) + 1)
+			wildmatch(pattern, p, flags1, NULL);
+	}
+	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
+
+	usec1 = (uint32_t)tv2.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv2.tv_usec;
+	usec1 -= (uint32_t)tv1.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv1.tv_usec;
+	printf("wildmatch %ds %dus\n",
+	       (int)(usec1 / 1000000),
+	       (int)(usec1 % 1000000));
+
+	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		for (p = buffer; *p; p += strlen(p) + 1)
+			fnmatch(pattern, p, flags2);
+	}
+	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
+
+	usec2 = (uint32_t)tv2.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv2.tv_usec;
+	usec2 -= (uint32_t)tv1.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv1.tv_usec;
+	if (usec2 > usec1)
+		printf("fnmatch   %ds %dus or %.2f%% slower\n",
+		       (int)((usec2 - usec1) / 1000000),
+		       (int)((usec2 - usec1) % 1000000),
+		       (float)(usec2 - usec1) / usec1 * 100);
+	else
+		printf("fnmatch   %ds %dus or %.2f%% faster\n",
+		       (int)((usec1 - usec2) / 1000000),
+		       (int)((usec1 - usec2) % 1000000),
+		       (float)(usec1 - usec2) / usec1 * 100);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "perf"))
+		return perf(argc - 2, argv + 2);
+
+	for (i = 2; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (argv[i][0] == '/')
+			die("Forward slash is not allowed at the beginning of the\n"
+			    "pattern because Windows does not like it. Use `XXX/' instead.");
+		else if (!strncmp(argv[i], "XXX/", 4))
+			argv[i] += 3;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "wildmatch"))
+		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], WM_PATHNAME, NULL);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "iwildmatch"))
+		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], WM_PATHNAME | WM_CASEFOLD, NULL);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "pathmatch"))
+		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], 0, NULL);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "fnmatch"))
+		return !!fnmatch(argv[3], argv[2], FNM_PATHNAME);
+	else
+		return 1;
+}
diff --git a/transport-helper.c b/transport-helper.c
index 4713b69..2f5ac3f 100644
--- a/transport-helper.c
+++ b/transport-helper.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "thread-utils.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 
 static int debug;
 
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ struct helper_data {
 		option : 1,
 		push : 1,
 		connect : 1,
+		signed_tags : 1,
 		no_disconnect_req : 1;
 	char *export_marks;
 	char *import_marks;
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ static void sendline(struct helper_data *helper, struct strbuf *buffer)
 		die_errno("Full write to remote helper failed");
 }
 
-static int recvline_fh(FILE *helper, struct strbuf *buffer)
+static int recvline_fh(FILE *helper, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *name)
 {
 	strbuf_reset(buffer);
 	if (debug)
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ static int recvline_fh(FILE *helper, struct strbuf *buffer)
 	if (strbuf_getline(buffer, helper, '\n') == EOF) {
 		if (debug)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Debug: Remote helper quit.\n");
-		exit(128);
+		die("Reading from helper 'git-remote-%s' failed", name);
 	}
 
 	if (debug)
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ static int recvline_fh(FILE *helper, struct strbuf *buffer)
 
 static int recvline(struct helper_data *helper, struct strbuf *buffer)
 {
-	return recvline_fh(helper->out, buffer);
+	return recvline_fh(helper->out, buffer, helper->name);
 }
 
 static void xchgline(struct helper_data *helper, struct strbuf *buffer)
@@ -191,6 +193,8 @@ static struct child_process *get_helper(struct transport *transport)
 			refspecs[refspec_nr++] = xstrdup(capname + strlen("refspec "));
 		} else if (!strcmp(capname, "connect")) {
 			data->connect = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(capname, "signed-tags")) {
+			data->signed_tags = 1;
 		} else if (!prefixcmp(capname, "export-marks ")) {
 			struct strbuf arg = STRBUF_INIT;
 			strbuf_addstr(&arg, "--export-marks=");
@@ -211,10 +215,11 @@ static struct child_process *get_helper(struct transport *transport)
 		int i;
 		data->refspec_nr = refspec_nr;
 		data->refspecs = parse_fetch_refspec(refspec_nr, refspecs);
-		for (i = 0; i < refspec_nr; i++) {
+		for (i = 0; i < refspec_nr; i++)
 			free((char *)refspecs[i]);
-		}
 		free(refspecs);
+	} else if (data->import || data->bidi_import || data->export) {
+		warning("This remote helper should implement refspec capability.");
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	if (debug)
@@ -410,9 +415,11 @@ static int get_exporter(struct transport *transport,
 	/* we need to duplicate helper->in because we want to use it after
 	 * fastexport is done with it. */
 	fastexport->out = dup(helper->in);
-	fastexport->argv = xcalloc(5 + revlist_args->nr, sizeof(*fastexport->argv));
+	fastexport->argv = xcalloc(6 + revlist_args->nr, sizeof(*fastexport->argv));
 	fastexport->argv[argc++] = "fast-export";
 	fastexport->argv[argc++] = "--use-done-feature";
+	fastexport->argv[argc++] = data->signed_tags ?
+		"--signed-tags=verbatim" : "--signed-tags=warn-strip";
 	if (data->export_marks)
 		fastexport->argv[argc++] = data->export_marks;
 	if (data->import_marks)
@@ -469,7 +476,7 @@ static int fetch_with_import(struct transport *transport,
 	 * were fetching.
 	 *
 	 * (If no "refspec" capability was specified, for historical
-	 * reasons we default to *:*.)
+	 * reasons we default to the equivalent of *:*.)
 	 *
 	 * Store the result in to_fetch[i].old_sha1.  Callers such
 	 * as "git fetch" can use the value to write feedback to the
@@ -536,7 +543,7 @@ static int process_connect_service(struct transport *transport,
 		goto exit;
 
 	sendline(data, &cmdbuf);
-	recvline_fh(input, &cmdbuf);
+	recvline_fh(input, &cmdbuf, name);
 	if (!strcmp(cmdbuf.buf, "")) {
 		data->no_disconnect_req = 1;
 		if (debug)
@@ -618,7 +625,7 @@ static int fetch(struct transport *transport,
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static void push_update_ref_status(struct strbuf *buf,
+static int push_update_ref_status(struct strbuf *buf,
 				   struct ref **ref,
 				   struct ref *remote_refs)
 {
@@ -661,6 +668,21 @@ static void push_update_ref_status(struct strbuf *buf,
 			free(msg);
 			msg = NULL;
 		}
+		else if (!strcmp(msg, "already exists")) {
+			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+			free(msg);
+			msg = NULL;
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(msg, "fetch first")) {
+			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST;
+			free(msg);
+			msg = NULL;
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(msg, "needs force")) {
+			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE;
+			free(msg);
+			msg = NULL;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (*ref)
@@ -669,7 +691,7 @@ static void push_update_ref_status(struct strbuf *buf,
 		*ref = find_ref_by_name(remote_refs, refname);
 	if (!*ref) {
 		warning("helper reported unexpected status of %s", refname);
-		return;
+		return 1;
 	}
 
 	if ((*ref)->status != REF_STATUS_NONE) {
@@ -678,11 +700,12 @@ static void push_update_ref_status(struct strbuf *buf,
 		 * status reported by the remote helper if the latter is 'no match'.
 		 */
 		if (status == REF_STATUS_NONE)
-			return;
+			return 1;
 	}
 
 	(*ref)->status = status;
 	(*ref)->remote_status = msg;
+	return !(status == REF_STATUS_OK);
 }
 
 static void push_update_refs_status(struct helper_data *data,
@@ -691,11 +714,24 @@ static void push_update_refs_status(struct helper_data *data,
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct ref *ref = remote_refs;
 	for (;;) {
+		char *private;
+
 		recvline(data, &buf);
 		if (!buf.len)
 			break;
 
-		push_update_ref_status(&buf, &ref, remote_refs);
+		if (push_update_ref_status(&buf, &ref, remote_refs))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!data->refspecs)
+			continue;
+
+		/* propagate back the update to the remote namespace */
+		private = apply_refspecs(data->refspecs, data->refspec_nr, ref->name);
+		if (!private)
+			continue;
+		update_ref("update by helper", private, ref->new_sha1, NULL, 0, 0);
+		free(private);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
@@ -720,6 +756,7 @@ static int push_refs_with_push(struct transport *transport,
 		/* Check for statuses set by set_ref_status_for_push() */
 		switch (ref->status) {
 		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS:
 		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
 			continue;
 		default:
@@ -769,6 +806,9 @@ static int push_refs_with_export(struct transport *transport,
 	struct string_list revlist_args = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
+	if (!data->refspecs)
+		die("remote-helper doesn't support push; refspec needed");
+
 	helper = get_helper(transport);
 
 	write_constant(helper->in, "export\n");
@@ -779,22 +819,19 @@ static int push_refs_with_export(struct transport *transport,
 		char *private;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-		if (!data->refspecs)
-			continue;
+		if (ref->deletion)
+			die("remote-helpers do not support ref deletion");
+
 		private = apply_refspecs(data->refspecs, data->refspec_nr, ref->name);
 		if (private && !get_sha1(private, sha1)) {
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "^%s", private);
 			string_list_append(&revlist_args, strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
+			hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, sha1);
 		}
 		free(private);
 
-		if (ref->deletion) {
-			die("remote-helpers do not support ref deletion");
-		}
-
 		if (ref->peer_ref)
 			string_list_append(&revlist_args, ref->peer_ref->name);
-
 	}
 
 	if (get_exporter(transport, &exporter, &revlist_args))
@@ -975,7 +1012,7 @@ struct unidirectional_transfer {
 	int src_is_sock;
 	/* Is destination socket? */
 	int dest_is_sock;
-	/* Transfer state (TRANSFERING/FLUSHING/FINISHED) */
+	/* Transfer state (TRANSFERRING/FLUSHING/FINISHED) */
 	int state;
 	/* Buffer. */
 	char buf[BUFFERSIZE];
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
index b9306ef..ba5d8af 100644
--- a/transport.c
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -106,7 +106,8 @@ static void insert_packed_refs(const char *packed_refs, struct ref **list)
 		return;
 
 	for (;;) {
-		int cmp = cmp, len;
+		int cmp = 0; /* assigned before used */
+		int len;
 
 		if (!fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f)) {
 			fclose(f);
@@ -507,7 +508,7 @@ static struct ref *get_refs_via_connect(struct transport *transport, int for_pus
 	struct ref *refs;
 
 	connect_setup(transport, for_push, 0);
-	get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs,
+	get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], NULL, 0, &refs,
 			 for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0, &data->extra_have);
 	data->got_remote_heads = 1;
 
@@ -518,11 +519,9 @@ static int fetch_refs_via_pack(struct transport *transport,
 			       int nr_heads, struct ref **to_fetch)
 {
 	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
-	struct string_list sought = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	const struct ref *refs;
 	char *dest = xstrdup(transport->url);
 	struct fetch_pack_args args;
-	int i;
 	struct ref *refs_tmp = NULL;
 
 	memset(&args, 0, sizeof(args));
@@ -536,18 +535,16 @@ static int fetch_refs_via_pack(struct transport *transport,
 	args.no_progress = !transport->progress;
 	args.depth = data->options.depth;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
-		string_list_append(&sought, to_fetch[i]->name);
-
 	if (!data->got_remote_heads) {
 		connect_setup(transport, 0, 0);
-		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs_tmp, 0, NULL);
+		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], NULL, 0, &refs_tmp, 0, NULL);
 		data->got_remote_heads = 1;
 	}
 
 	refs = fetch_pack(&args, data->fd, data->conn,
 			  refs_tmp ? refs_tmp : transport->remote_refs,
-			  dest, &sought, &transport->pack_lockfile);
+			  dest, to_fetch, nr_heads,
+			  &transport->pack_lockfile);
 	close(data->fd[0]);
 	close(data->fd[1]);
 	if (finish_connect(data->conn))
@@ -557,7 +554,6 @@ static int fetch_refs_via_pack(struct transport *transport,
 
 	free_refs(refs_tmp);
 
-	string_list_clear(&sought, 0);
 	free(dest);
 	return (refs ? 0 : -1);
 }
@@ -659,7 +655,7 @@ static void print_ok_ref_status(struct ref *ref, int porcelain)
 		const char *msg;
 
 		strcpy(quickref, status_abbrev(ref->old_sha1));
-		if (ref->nonfastforward) {
+		if (ref->forced_update) {
 			strcat(quickref, "...");
 			type = '+';
 			msg = "forced update";
@@ -695,6 +691,18 @@ static int print_one_push_status(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count, i
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
 						 "non-fast-forward", porcelain);
 		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
+						 "already exists", porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
+						 "fetch first", porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
+						 "needs force", porcelain);
+		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[remote rejected]", ref,
 						 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
@@ -714,7 +722,7 @@ static int print_one_push_status(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count, i
 }
 
 void transport_print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
-				  int verbose, int porcelain, int *nonfastforward)
+				  int verbose, int porcelain, unsigned int *reject_reasons)
 {
 	struct ref *ref;
 	int n = 0;
@@ -733,18 +741,23 @@ void transport_print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
 		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_OK)
 			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
 
-	*nonfastforward = 0;
+	*reject_reasons = 0;
 	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_NONE &&
 		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE &&
 		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK)
 			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
-		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD &&
-		    *nonfastforward != NON_FF_HEAD) {
+		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD) {
 			if (head != NULL && !strcmp(head, ref->name))
-				*nonfastforward = NON_FF_HEAD;
+				*reject_reasons |= REJECT_NON_FF_HEAD;
 			else
-				*nonfastforward = NON_FF_OTHER;
+				*reject_reasons |= REJECT_NON_FF_OTHER;
+		} else if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
+			*reject_reasons |= REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+		} else if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST) {
+			*reject_reasons |= REJECT_FETCH_FIRST;
+		} else if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE) {
+			*reject_reasons |= REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE;
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -782,7 +795,7 @@ static int git_transport_push(struct transport *transport, struct ref *remote_re
 		struct ref *tmp_refs;
 		connect_setup(transport, 1, 0);
 
-		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &tmp_refs, REF_NORMAL, NULL);
+		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], NULL, 0, &tmp_refs, REF_NORMAL, NULL);
 		data->got_remote_heads = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -1029,11 +1042,67 @@ static void die_with_unpushed_submodules(struct string_list *needs_pushing)
 	die("Aborting.");
 }
 
+static int run_pre_push_hook(struct transport *transport,
+			     struct ref *remote_refs)
+{
+	int ret = 0, x;
+	struct ref *r;
+	struct child_process proc;
+	struct strbuf buf;
+	const char *argv[4];
+
+	if (!(argv[0] = find_hook("pre-push")))
+		return 0;
+
+	argv[1] = transport->remote->name;
+	argv[2] = transport->url;
+	argv[3] = NULL;
+
+	memset(&proc, 0, sizeof(proc));
+	proc.argv = argv;
+	proc.in = -1;
+
+	if (start_command(&proc)) {
+		finish_command(&proc);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_init(&buf, 256);
+
+	for (r = remote_refs; r; r = r->next) {
+		if (!r->peer_ref) continue;
+		if (r->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD) continue;
+		if (r->status == REF_STATUS_UPTODATE) continue;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addf( &buf, "%s %s %s %s\n",
+			 r->peer_ref->name, sha1_to_hex(r->new_sha1),
+			 r->name, sha1_to_hex(r->old_sha1));
+
+		if (write_in_full(proc.in, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len) {
+			ret = -1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	x = close(proc.in);
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = x;
+
+	x = finish_command(&proc);
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = x;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags,
-		   int *nonfastforward)
+		   unsigned int *reject_reasons)
 {
-	*nonfastforward = 0;
+	*reject_reasons = 0;
 	transport_verify_remote_names(refspec_nr, refspec);
 
 	if (transport->push) {
@@ -1059,6 +1128,8 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
 		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_PRUNE)
 			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_PRUNE;
+		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS)
+			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_FOLLOW_TAGS;
 
 		if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
 				    refspec_nr, refspec, match_flags)) {
@@ -1069,6 +1140,10 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 			flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR,
 			flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE);
 
+		if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK))
+			if (run_pre_push_hook(transport, remote_refs))
+				return -1;
+
 		if ((flags & TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) && !is_bare_repository()) {
 			struct ref *ref = remote_refs;
 			for (; ref; ref = ref->next)
@@ -1099,7 +1174,7 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 		if (!quiet || err)
 			transport_print_push_status(transport->url, remote_refs,
 					verbose | porcelain, porcelain,
-					nonfastforward);
+					reject_reasons);
 
 		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM)
 			set_upstreams(transport, remote_refs, pretend);
diff --git a/transport.h b/transport.h
index 4a61c0c..fcb1d25 100644
--- a/transport.h
+++ b/transport.h
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ struct transport {
 		       const char *executable, int fd[2]);
 
 	/** get_refs_list(), fetch(), and push_refs() can keep
-	 * resources (such as a connection) reserved for futher
+	 * resources (such as a connection) reserved for further
 	 * use. disconnect() releases these resources.
 	 **/
 	int (*disconnect)(struct transport *connection);
@@ -104,6 +104,8 @@ struct transport {
 #define TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK 64
 #define TRANSPORT_PUSH_PRUNE 128
 #define TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND 256
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK 512
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_FOLLOW_TAGS 1024
 
 #define TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH (2 * DEFAULT_ABBREV + 3)
 #define TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(x) (int)(TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH + strlen(x) - gettext_width(x)), (x)
@@ -140,11 +142,15 @@ int transport_set_option(struct transport *transport, const char *name,
 void transport_set_verbosity(struct transport *transport, int verbosity,
 	int force_progress);
 
-#define NON_FF_HEAD 1
-#define NON_FF_OTHER 2
+#define REJECT_NON_FF_HEAD     0x01
+#define REJECT_NON_FF_OTHER    0x02
+#define REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS  0x04
+#define REJECT_FETCH_FIRST     0x08
+#define REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE     0x10
+
 int transport_push(struct transport *connection,
 		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags,
-		   int * nonfastforward);
+		   unsigned int * reject_reasons);
 
 const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport);
 
@@ -170,7 +176,7 @@ void transport_update_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, struct ref *ref, int v
 int transport_refs_pushed(struct ref *ref);
 
 void transport_print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
-		  int verbose, int porcelain, int *nonfastforward);
+		  int verbose, int porcelain, unsigned int *reject_reasons);
 
 typedef void alternate_ref_fn(const struct ref *, void *);
 extern void for_each_alternate_ref(alternate_ref_fn, void *);
diff --git a/tree-walk.c b/tree-walk.c
index 3f54c02..6e30ef9 100644
--- a/tree-walk.c
+++ b/tree-walk.c
@@ -573,6 +573,54 @@ static int match_dir_prefix(const char *base,
 }
 
 /*
+ * Perform matching on the leading non-wildcard part of
+ * pathspec. item->nowildcard_len must be greater than zero. Return
+ * non-zero if base is matched.
+ */
+static int match_wildcard_base(const struct pathspec_item *item,
+			       const char *base, int baselen,
+			       int *matched)
+{
+	const char *match = item->match;
+	/* the wildcard part is not considered in this function */
+	int matchlen = item->nowildcard_len;
+
+	if (baselen) {
+		int dirlen;
+		/*
+		 * Return early if base is longer than the
+		 * non-wildcard part but it does not match.
+		 */
+		if (baselen >= matchlen) {
+			*matched = matchlen;
+			return !strncmp(base, match, matchlen);
+		}
+
+		dirlen = matchlen;
+		while (dirlen && match[dirlen - 1] != '/')
+			dirlen--;
+
+		/*
+		 * Return early if base is shorter than the
+		 * non-wildcard part but it does not match. Note that
+		 * base ends with '/' so we are sure it really matches
+		 * directory
+		 */
+		if (strncmp(base, match, baselen))
+			return 0;
+		*matched = baselen;
+	} else
+		*matched = 0;
+	/*
+	 * we could have checked entry against the non-wildcard part
+	 * that is not in base and does similar never_interesting
+	 * optimization as in match_entry. For now just be happy with
+	 * base comparison.
+	 */
+	return entry_interesting;
+}
+
+/*
  * Is a tree entry interesting given the pathspec we have?
  *
  * Pre-condition: either baselen == base_offset (i.e. empty path)
@@ -602,7 +650,7 @@ enum interesting tree_entry_interesting(const struct name_entry *entry,
 		const struct pathspec_item *item = ps->items+i;
 		const char *match = item->match;
 		const char *base_str = base->buf + base_offset;
-		int matchlen = item->len;
+		int matchlen = item->len, matched = 0;
 
 		if (baselen >= matchlen) {
 			/* If it doesn't match, move along... */
@@ -626,8 +674,10 @@ enum interesting tree_entry_interesting(const struct name_entry *entry,
 					&never_interesting))
 				return entry_interesting;
 
-			if (item->use_wildcard) {
-				if (!fnmatch(match + baselen, entry->path, 0))
+			if (item->nowildcard_len < item->len) {
+				if (!git_fnmatch(match + baselen, entry->path,
+						 item->flags & PATHSPEC_ONESTAR ? GFNM_ONESTAR : 0,
+						 item->nowildcard_len - baselen))
 					return entry_interesting;
 
 				/*
@@ -642,17 +692,34 @@ enum interesting tree_entry_interesting(const struct name_entry *entry,
 		}
 
 match_wildcards:
-		if (!item->use_wildcard)
+		if (item->nowildcard_len == item->len)
 			continue;
 
+		if (item->nowildcard_len &&
+		    !match_wildcard_base(item, base_str, baselen, &matched))
+			return entry_not_interesting;
+
 		/*
 		 * Concatenate base and entry->path into one and do
 		 * fnmatch() on it.
+		 *
+		 * While we could avoid concatenation in certain cases
+		 * [1], which saves a memcpy and potentially a
+		 * realloc, it turns out not worth it. Measurement on
+		 * linux-2.6 does not show any clear improvements,
+		 * partly because of the nowildcard_len optimization
+		 * in git_fnmatch(). Avoid micro-optimizations here.
+		 *
+		 * [1] if match_wildcard_base() says the base
+		 * directory is already matched, we only need to match
+		 * the rest, which is shorter so _in theory_ faster.
 		 */
 
 		strbuf_add(base, entry->path, pathlen);
 
-		if (!fnmatch(match, base->buf + base_offset, 0)) {
+		if (!git_fnmatch(match, base->buf + base_offset,
+				 item->flags & PATHSPEC_ONESTAR ? GFNM_ONESTAR : 0,
+				 item->nowildcard_len)) {
 			strbuf_setlen(base, base_offset + baselen);
 			return entry_interesting;
 		}
diff --git a/unpack-trees.c b/unpack-trees.c
index 6d96366..ede4299 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.c
+++ b/unpack-trees.c
@@ -837,7 +837,8 @@ static int clear_ce_flags_dir(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 {
 	struct cache_entry **cache_end;
 	int dtype = DT_DIR;
-	int ret = excluded_from_list(prefix, prefix_len, basename, &dtype, el);
+	int ret = is_excluded_from_list(prefix, prefix_len,
+					basename, &dtype, el);
 
 	prefix[prefix_len++] = '/';
 
@@ -856,7 +857,7 @@ static int clear_ce_flags_dir(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 	 * with ret (iow, we know in advance the incl/excl
 	 * decision for the entire directory), clear flag here without
 	 * calling clear_ce_flags_1(). That function will call
-	 * the expensive excluded_from_list() on every entry.
+	 * the expensive is_excluded_from_list() on every entry.
 	 */
 	return clear_ce_flags_1(cache, cache_end - cache,
 				prefix, prefix_len,
@@ -939,7 +940,8 @@ static int clear_ce_flags_1(struct cache_entry **cache, int nr,
 
 		/* Non-directory */
 		dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
-		ret = excluded_from_list(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), name, &dtype, el);
+		ret = is_excluded_from_list(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce),
+					    name, &dtype, el);
 		if (ret < 0)
 			ret = defval;
 		if (ret > 0)
@@ -1018,16 +1020,12 @@ int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options
 	if (!core_apply_sparse_checkout || !o->update)
 		o->skip_sparse_checkout = 1;
 	if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout) {
-		if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(git_path("info/sparse-checkout"), "", 0, NULL, &el, 0) < 0)
+		if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(git_path("info/sparse-checkout"), "", 0, &el, 0) < 0)
 			o->skip_sparse_checkout = 1;
 		else
 			o->el = &el;
 	}
 
-	if (o->dir) {
-		o->path_exclude_check = xmalloc(sizeof(struct path_exclude_check));
-		path_exclude_check_init(o->path_exclude_check, o->dir);
-	}
 	memset(&o->result, 0, sizeof(o->result));
 	o->result.initialized = 1;
 	o->result.timestamp.sec = o->src_index->timestamp.sec;
@@ -1152,11 +1150,7 @@ int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options
 		*o->dst_index = o->result;
 
 done:
-	free_excludes(&el);
-	if (o->path_exclude_check) {
-		path_exclude_check_clear(o->path_exclude_check);
-		free(o->path_exclude_check);
-	}
+	clear_exclude_list(&el);
 	return ret;
 
 return_failed:
@@ -1373,7 +1367,7 @@ static int check_ok_to_remove(const char *name, int len, int dtype,
 		return 0;
 
 	if (o->dir &&
-	    path_excluded(o->path_exclude_check, name, -1, &dtype))
+	    is_excluded(o->dir, name, &dtype))
 		/*
 		 * ce->name is explicitly excluded, so it is Ok to
 		 * overwrite it.
@@ -1834,7 +1828,7 @@ int oneway_merge(struct cache_entry **src, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 
 	if (old && same(old, a)) {
 		int update = 0;
-		if (o->reset && !ce_uptodate(old) && !ce_skip_worktree(old)) {
+		if (o->reset && o->update && !ce_uptodate(old) && !ce_skip_worktree(old)) {
 			struct stat st;
 			if (lstat(old->name, &st) ||
 			    ie_match_stat(o->src_index, old, &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE))
diff --git a/unpack-trees.h b/unpack-trees.h
index ec74a9f..5e432f5 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.h
+++ b/unpack-trees.h
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ struct unpack_trees_options {
 	const char *prefix;
 	int cache_bottom;
 	struct dir_struct *dir;
-	struct path_exclude_check *path_exclude_check;
 	struct pathspec *pathspec;
 	merge_fn_t fn;
 	const char *msgs[NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES];
diff --git a/upload-pack.c b/upload-pack.c
index 6142421..127e59a 100644
--- a/upload-pack.c
+++ b/upload-pack.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "version.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=<n>] <dir>";
 
@@ -25,13 +26,15 @@ static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=<
 #define SHALLOW		(1u << 16)
 #define NOT_SHALLOW	(1u << 17)
 #define CLIENT_SHALLOW	(1u << 18)
+#define HIDDEN_REF	(1u << 19)
 
 static unsigned long oldest_have;
 
-static int multi_ack, nr_our_refs;
+static int multi_ack;
 static int no_done;
 static int use_thin_pack, use_ofs_delta, use_include_tag;
 static int no_progress, daemon_mode;
+static int allow_tip_sha1_in_want;
 static int shallow_nr;
 static struct object_array have_obj;
 static struct object_array want_obj;
@@ -41,7 +44,6 @@ static unsigned int timeout;
  * otherwise maximum packet size (up to 65520 bytes).
  */
 static int use_sideband;
-static int debug_fd;
 static int advertise_refs;
 static int stateless_rpc;
 
@@ -50,13 +52,6 @@ static void reset_timeout(void)
 	alarm(timeout);
 }
 
-static int strip(char *line, int len)
-{
-	if (len && line[len-1] == '\n')
-		line[--len] = 0;
-	return len;
-}
-
 static ssize_t send_client_data(int fd, const char *data, ssize_t sz)
 {
 	if (use_sideband)
@@ -69,7 +64,8 @@ static ssize_t send_client_data(int fd, const char *data, ssize_t sz)
 		xwrite(fd, data, sz);
 		return sz;
 	}
-	return safe_write(fd, data, sz);
+	write_or_die(fd, data, sz);
+	return sz;
 }
 
 static FILE *pack_pipe = NULL;
@@ -139,7 +135,6 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 {
 	struct async rev_list;
 	struct child_process pack_objects;
-	int create_full_pack = (nr_our_refs == want_obj.nr && !have_obj.nr);
 	char data[8193], progress[128];
 	char abort_msg[] = "aborting due to possible repository "
 		"corruption on the remote side.";
@@ -151,9 +146,7 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 	argv[arg++] = "pack-objects";
 	if (!shallow_nr) {
 		argv[arg++] = "--revs";
-		if (create_full_pack)
-			argv[arg++] = "--all";
-		else if (use_thin_pack)
+		if (use_thin_pack)
 			argv[arg++] = "--thin";
 	}
 
@@ -185,15 +178,15 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 	}
 	else {
 		FILE *pipe_fd = xfdopen(pack_objects.in, "w");
-		if (!create_full_pack) {
-			int i;
-			for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++)
-				fprintf(pipe_fd, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(want_obj.objects[i].item->sha1));
-			fprintf(pipe_fd, "--not\n");
-			for (i = 0; i < have_obj.nr; i++)
-				fprintf(pipe_fd, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(have_obj.objects[i].item->sha1));
-		}
+		int i;
 
+		for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++)
+			fprintf(pipe_fd, "%s\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(want_obj.objects[i].item->sha1));
+		fprintf(pipe_fd, "--not\n");
+		for (i = 0; i < have_obj.nr; i++)
+			fprintf(pipe_fd, "%s\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(have_obj.objects[i].item->sha1));
 		fprintf(pipe_fd, "\n");
 		fflush(pipe_fd);
 		fclose(pipe_fd);
@@ -327,9 +320,7 @@ static int got_sha1(char *hex, unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (!has_sha1_file(sha1))
 		return -1;
 
-	o = lookup_object(sha1);
-	if (!(o && o->parsed))
-		o = parse_object(sha1);
+	o = parse_object(sha1);
 	if (!o)
 		die("oops (%s)", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	if (o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
@@ -417,7 +408,6 @@ static int ok_to_give_up(void)
 
 static int get_common_commits(void)
 {
-	static char line[1000];
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	char last_hex[41];
 	int got_common = 0;
@@ -427,10 +417,10 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 
 	for (;;) {
-		int len = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
+		char *line = packet_read_line(0, NULL);
 		reset_timeout();
 
-		if (!len) {
+		if (!line) {
 			if (multi_ack == 2 && got_common
 			    && !got_other && ok_to_give_up()) {
 				sent_ready = 1;
@@ -449,7 +439,6 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 			got_other = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
-		strip(line, len);
 		if (!prefixcmp(line, "have ")) {
 			switch (got_sha1(line+5, sha1)) {
 			case -1: /* they have what we do not */
@@ -489,6 +478,12 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 	}
 }
 
+static int is_our_ref(struct object *o)
+{
+	return o->flags &
+		((allow_tip_sha1_in_want ? HIDDEN_REF : 0) | OUR_REF);
+}
+
 static void check_non_tip(void)
 {
 	static const char *argv[] = {
@@ -525,7 +520,7 @@ static void check_non_tip(void)
 		o = get_indexed_object(--i);
 		if (!o)
 			continue;
-		if (!(o->flags & OUR_REF))
+		if (!is_our_ref(o))
 			continue;
 		memcpy(namebuf + 1, sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), 40);
 		if (write_in_full(cmd.in, namebuf, 42) < 0)
@@ -534,7 +529,7 @@ static void check_non_tip(void)
 	namebuf[40] = '\n';
 	for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++) {
 		o = want_obj.objects[i].item;
-		if (o->flags & OUR_REF)
+		if (is_our_ref(o))
 			continue;
 		memcpy(namebuf, sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), 40);
 		if (write_in_full(cmd.in, namebuf, 41) < 0)
@@ -568,7 +563,7 @@ error:
 	/* Pick one of them (we know there at least is one) */
 	for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++) {
 		o = want_obj.objects[i].item;
-		if (!(o->flags & OUR_REF))
+		if (!is_our_ref(o))
 			die("git upload-pack: not our ref %s",
 			    sha1_to_hex(o->sha1));
 	}
@@ -577,34 +572,33 @@ error:
 static void receive_needs(void)
 {
 	struct object_array shallows = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
-	static char line[1000];
-	int len, depth = 0;
+	int depth = 0;
 	int has_non_tip = 0;
 
 	shallow_nr = 0;
-	if (debug_fd)
-		write_str_in_full(debug_fd, "#S\n");
 	for (;;) {
 		struct object *o;
 		const char *features;
 		unsigned char sha1_buf[20];
-		len = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
+		char *line = packet_read_line(0, NULL);
 		reset_timeout();
-		if (!len)
+		if (!line)
 			break;
-		if (debug_fd)
-			write_in_full(debug_fd, line, len);
 
 		if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow ")) {
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
 			struct object *object;
-			if (get_sha1(line + 8, sha1))
+			if (get_sha1_hex(line + 8, sha1))
 				die("invalid shallow line: %s", line);
 			object = parse_object(sha1);
 			if (!object)
-				die("did not find object for %s", line);
-			object->flags |= CLIENT_SHALLOW;
-			add_object_array(object, NULL, &shallows);
+				continue;
+			if (object->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+				die("invalid shallow object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			if (!(object->flags & CLIENT_SHALLOW)) {
+				object->flags |= CLIENT_SHALLOW;
+				add_object_array(object, NULL, &shallows);
+			}
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(line, "deepen ")) {
@@ -640,19 +634,17 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 		if (parse_feature_request(features, "include-tag"))
 			use_include_tag = 1;
 
-		o = lookup_object(sha1_buf);
+		o = parse_object(sha1_buf);
 		if (!o)
 			die("git upload-pack: not our ref %s",
 			    sha1_to_hex(sha1_buf));
 		if (!(o->flags & WANTED)) {
 			o->flags |= WANTED;
-			if (!(o->flags & OUR_REF))
+			if (!is_our_ref(o))
 				has_non_tip = 1;
 			add_object_array(o, NULL, &want_obj);
 		}
 	}
-	if (debug_fd)
-		write_str_in_full(debug_fd, "#E\n");
 
 	/*
 	 * We have sent all our refs already, and the other end
@@ -670,10 +662,17 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 	if (depth == 0 && shallows.nr == 0)
 		return;
 	if (depth > 0) {
-		struct commit_list *result, *backup;
+		struct commit_list *result = NULL, *backup = NULL;
 		int i;
-		backup = result = get_shallow_commits(&want_obj, depth,
-			SHALLOW, NOT_SHALLOW);
+		if (depth == INFINITE_DEPTH)
+			for (i = 0; i < shallows.nr; i++) {
+				struct object *object = shallows.objects[i].item;
+				object->flags |= NOT_SHALLOW;
+			}
+		else
+			backup = result =
+				get_shallow_commits(&want_obj, depth,
+						    SHALLOW, NOT_SHALLOW);
 		while (result) {
 			struct object *object = &result->item->object;
 			if (!(object->flags & (CLIENT_SHALLOW|NOT_SHALLOW))) {
@@ -720,45 +719,47 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 	free(shallows.objects);
 }
 
+/* return non-zero if the ref is hidden, otherwise 0 */
+static int mark_our_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object *o = lookup_unknown_object(sha1);
+
+	if (ref_is_hidden(refname)) {
+		o->flags |= HIDDEN_REF;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (!o)
+		die("git upload-pack: cannot find object %s:", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	o->flags |= OUR_REF;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int send_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	static const char *capabilities = "multi_ack thin-pack side-band"
 		" side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow no-progress"
 		" include-tag multi_ack_detailed";
-	struct object *o = lookup_unknown_object(sha1);
 	const char *refname_nons = strip_namespace(refname);
 	unsigned char peeled[20];
 
+	if (mark_our_ref(refname, sha1, flag, cb_data))
+		return 0;
+
 	if (capabilities)
-		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s%s agent=%s\n",
+		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s%s%s agent=%s\n",
 			     sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname_nons,
 			     0, capabilities,
+			     allow_tip_sha1_in_want ? " allow-tip-sha1-in-want" : "",
 			     stateless_rpc ? " no-done" : "",
 			     git_user_agent_sanitized());
 	else
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname_nons);
 	capabilities = NULL;
-	if (!(o->flags & OUR_REF)) {
-		o->flags |= OUR_REF;
-		nr_our_refs++;
-	}
 	if (!peel_ref(refname, peeled))
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s^{}\n", sha1_to_hex(peeled), refname_nons);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int mark_our_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
-	if (!o)
-		die("git upload-pack: cannot find object %s:", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	if (!(o->flags & OUR_REF)) {
-		o->flags |= OUR_REF;
-		nr_our_refs++;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static void upload_pack(void)
 {
 	if (advertise_refs || !stateless_rpc) {
@@ -780,6 +781,13 @@ static void upload_pack(void)
 	}
 }
 
+static int upload_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *unused)
+{
+	if (!strcmp("uploadpack.allowtipsha1inwant", var))
+		allow_tip_sha1_in_want = git_config_bool(var, value);
+	return parse_hide_refs_config(var, value, "uploadpack");
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	char *dir;
@@ -831,8 +839,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", dir);
 	if (is_repository_shallow())
 		die("attempt to fetch/clone from a shallow repository");
-	if (getenv("GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK"))
-		debug_fd = atoi(getenv("GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK"));
+	git_config(upload_pack_config, NULL);
 	upload_pack();
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/usage.c b/usage.c
index 8eab281..ed14645 100644
--- a/usage.c
+++ b/usage.c
@@ -6,8 +6,6 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 
-static int dying;
-
 void vreportf(const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params)
 {
 	char msg[4096];
@@ -49,12 +47,19 @@ static void warn_builtin(const char *warn, va_list params)
 	vreportf("warning: ", warn, params);
 }
 
+static int die_is_recursing_builtin(void)
+{
+	static int dying;
+	return dying++;
+}
+
 /* If we are in a dlopen()ed .so write to a global variable would segfault
  * (ugh), so keep things static. */
 static NORETURN_PTR void (*usage_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) = usage_builtin;
 static NORETURN_PTR void (*die_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) = die_builtin;
 static void (*error_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) = error_builtin;
 static void (*warn_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) = warn_builtin;
+static int (*die_is_recursing)(void) = die_is_recursing_builtin;
 
 void set_die_routine(NORETURN_PTR void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params))
 {
@@ -66,6 +71,11 @@ void set_error_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params))
 	error_routine = routine;
 }
 
+void set_die_is_recursing_routine(int (*routine)(void))
+{
+	die_is_recursing = routine;
+}
+
 void NORETURN usagef(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
@@ -84,11 +94,10 @@ void NORETURN die(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
 
-	if (dying) {
+	if (die_is_recursing()) {
 		fputs("fatal: recursion detected in die handler\n", stderr);
 		exit(128);
 	}
-	dying = 1;
 
 	va_start(params, err);
 	die_routine(err, params);
@@ -102,12 +111,11 @@ void NORETURN die_errno(const char *fmt, ...)
 	char str_error[256], *err;
 	int i, j;
 
-	if (dying) {
+	if (die_is_recursing()) {
 		fputs("fatal: recursion detected in die_errno handler\n",
 			stderr);
 		exit(128);
 	}
-	dying = 1;
 
 	err = strerror(errno);
 	for (i = j = 0; err[i] && j < sizeof(str_error) - 1; ) {
@@ -130,6 +138,7 @@ void NORETURN die_errno(const char *fmt, ...)
 	va_end(params);
 }
 
+#undef error
 int error(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
diff --git a/userdiff.c b/userdiff.c
index ed958ef..ea43a03 100644
--- a/userdiff.c
+++ b/userdiff.c
@@ -184,35 +184,6 @@ static struct userdiff_driver *userdiff_find_by_namelen(const char *k, int len)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct userdiff_driver *parse_driver(const char *var,
-		const char *value, const char *type)
-{
-	struct userdiff_driver *drv;
-	const char *dot;
-	const char *name;
-	int namelen;
-
-	if (prefixcmp(var, "diff."))
-		return NULL;
-	dot = strrchr(var, '.');
-	if (dot == var + 4)
-		return NULL;
-	if (strcmp(type, dot+1))
-		return NULL;
-
-	name = var + 5;
-	namelen = dot - name;
-	drv = userdiff_find_by_namelen(name, namelen);
-	if (!drv) {
-		ALLOC_GROW(drivers, ndrivers+1, drivers_alloc);
-		drv = &drivers[ndrivers++];
-		memset(drv, 0, sizeof(*drv));
-		drv->name = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
-		drv->binary = -1;
-	}
-	return drv;
-}
-
 static int parse_funcname(struct userdiff_funcname *f, const char *k,
 		const char *v, int cflags)
 {
@@ -240,20 +211,34 @@ static int parse_bool(int *b, const char *k, const char *v)
 int userdiff_config(const char *k, const char *v)
 {
 	struct userdiff_driver *drv;
+	const char *name, *type;
+	int namelen;
+
+	if (parse_config_key(k, "diff", &name, &namelen, &type) || !name)
+		return 0;
+
+	drv = userdiff_find_by_namelen(name, namelen);
+	if (!drv) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(drivers, ndrivers+1, drivers_alloc);
+		drv = &drivers[ndrivers++];
+		memset(drv, 0, sizeof(*drv));
+		drv->name = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+		drv->binary = -1;
+	}
 
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "funcname")))
+	if (!strcmp(type, "funcname"))
 		return parse_funcname(&drv->funcname, k, v, 0);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "xfuncname")))
+	if (!strcmp(type, "xfuncname"))
 		return parse_funcname(&drv->funcname, k, v, REG_EXTENDED);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "binary")))
+	if (!strcmp(type, "binary"))
 		return parse_tristate(&drv->binary, k, v);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "command")))
+	if (!strcmp(type, "command"))
 		return git_config_string(&drv->external, k, v);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "textconv")))
+	if (!strcmp(type, "textconv"))
 		return git_config_string(&drv->textconv, k, v);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "cachetextconv")))
+	if (!strcmp(type, "cachetextconv"))
 		return parse_bool(&drv->textconv_want_cache, k, v);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "wordregex")))
+	if (!strcmp(type, "wordregex"))
 		return git_config_string(&drv->word_regex, k, v);
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/utf8.c b/utf8.c
index 1087870..0d20e0a 100644
--- a/utf8.c
+++ b/utf8.c
@@ -9,6 +9,20 @@ struct interval {
   int last;
 };
 
+size_t display_mode_esc_sequence_len(const char *s)
+{
+	const char *p = s;
+	if (*p++ != '\033')
+		return 0;
+	if (*p++ != '[')
+		return 0;
+	while (isdigit(*p) || *p == ';')
+		p++;
+	if (*p++ != 'm')
+		return 0;
+	return p - s;
+}
+
 /* auxiliary function for binary search in interval table */
 static int bisearch(ucs_char_t ucs, const struct interval *table, int max)
 {
@@ -252,18 +266,26 @@ int utf8_width(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p)
  * string, assuming that the string is utf8.  Returns strlen() instead
  * if the string does not look like a valid utf8 string.
  */
-int utf8_strwidth(const char *string)
+int utf8_strnwidth(const char *string, int len, int skip_ansi)
 {
 	int width = 0;
 	const char *orig = string;
 
-	while (1) {
-		if (!string)
-			return strlen(orig);
-		if (!*string)
-			return width;
+	if (len == -1)
+		len = strlen(string);
+	while (string && string < orig + len) {
+		int skip;
+		while (skip_ansi &&
+		       (skip = display_mode_esc_sequence_len(string)) != 0)
+			string += skip;
 		width += utf8_width(&string, NULL);
 	}
+	return string ? width : len;
+}
+
+int utf8_strwidth(const char *string)
+{
+	return utf8_strnwidth(string, -1, 0);
 }
 
 int is_utf8(const char *text)
@@ -303,20 +325,6 @@ static void strbuf_add_indented_text(struct strbuf *buf, const char *text,
 	}
 }
 
-static size_t display_mode_esc_sequence_len(const char *s)
-{
-	const char *p = s;
-	if (*p++ != '\033')
-		return 0;
-	if (*p++ != '[')
-		return 0;
-	while (isdigit(*p) || *p == ';')
-		p++;
-	if (*p++ != 'm')
-		return 0;
-	return p - s;
-}
-
 /*
  * Wrap the text, if necessary. The variable indent is the indent for the
  * first line, indent2 is the indent for all other lines.
@@ -413,6 +421,52 @@ void strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, int len,
 	free(tmp);
 }
 
+void strbuf_utf8_replace(struct strbuf *sb_src, int pos, int width,
+			 const char *subst)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb_dst = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *src = sb_src->buf;
+	char *end = src + sb_src->len;
+	char *dst;
+	int w = 0, subst_len = 0;
+
+	if (subst)
+		subst_len = strlen(subst);
+	strbuf_grow(&sb_dst, sb_src->len + subst_len);
+	dst = sb_dst.buf;
+
+	while (src < end) {
+		char *old;
+		size_t n;
+
+		while ((n = display_mode_esc_sequence_len(src))) {
+			memcpy(dst, src, n);
+			src += n;
+			dst += n;
+		}
+
+		old = src;
+		n = utf8_width((const char**)&src, NULL);
+		if (!src) 	/* broken utf-8, do nothing */
+			return;
+		if (n && w >= pos && w < pos + width) {
+			if (subst) {
+				memcpy(dst, subst, subst_len);
+				dst += subst_len;
+				subst = NULL;
+			}
+			w += n;
+			continue;
+		}
+		memcpy(dst, old, src - old);
+		dst += src - old;
+		w += n;
+	}
+	strbuf_setlen(&sb_dst, dst - sb_dst.buf);
+	strbuf_swap(sb_src, &sb_dst);
+	strbuf_release(&sb_dst);
+}
+
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name)
 {
 	if (!name)
@@ -460,7 +514,7 @@ int utf8_fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...)
 #else
 	typedef char * iconv_ibp;
 #endif
-char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz, iconv_t conv)
+char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz, iconv_t conv, int *outsz_p)
 {
 	size_t outsz, outalloc;
 	char *out, *outpos;
@@ -494,24 +548,83 @@ char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz, iconv_t conv)
 		}
 		else {
 			*outpos = '\0';
+			if (outsz_p)
+				*outsz_p = outpos - out;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	return out;
 }
 
-char *reencode_string(const char *in, const char *out_encoding, const char *in_encoding)
+char *reencode_string_len(const char *in, int insz,
+			  const char *out_encoding, const char *in_encoding,
+			  int *outsz)
 {
 	iconv_t conv;
 	char *out;
 
 	if (!in_encoding)
 		return NULL;
+
 	conv = iconv_open(out_encoding, in_encoding);
-	if (conv == (iconv_t) -1)
-		return NULL;
-	out = reencode_string_iconv(in, strlen(in), conv);
+	if (conv == (iconv_t) -1) {
+		/*
+		 * Some platforms do not have the variously spelled variants of
+		 * UTF-8, so let's fall back to trying the most official
+		 * spelling. We do so only as a fallback in case the platform
+		 * does understand the user's spelling, but not our official
+		 * one.
+		 */
+		if (is_encoding_utf8(in_encoding))
+			in_encoding = "UTF-8";
+		if (is_encoding_utf8(out_encoding))
+			out_encoding = "UTF-8";
+		conv = iconv_open(out_encoding, in_encoding);
+		if (conv == (iconv_t) -1)
+			return NULL;
+	}
+
+	out = reencode_string_iconv(in, insz, conv, outsz);
 	iconv_close(conv);
 	return out;
 }
 #endif
+
+/*
+ * Returns first character length in bytes for multi-byte `text` according to
+ * `encoding`.
+ *
+ * - The `text` pointer is updated to point at the next character.
+ * - When `remainder_p` is not NULL, on entry `*remainder_p` is how much bytes
+ *   we can consume from text, and on exit `*remainder_p` is reduced by returned
+ *   character length. Otherwise `text` is treated as limited by NUL.
+ */
+int mbs_chrlen(const char **text, size_t *remainder_p, const char *encoding)
+{
+	int chrlen;
+	const char *p = *text;
+	size_t r = (remainder_p ? *remainder_p : SIZE_MAX);
+
+	if (r < 1)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (is_encoding_utf8(encoding)) {
+		pick_one_utf8_char(&p, &r);
+
+		chrlen = p ? (p - *text)
+			   : 1 /* not valid UTF-8 -> raw byte sequence */;
+	}
+	else {
+		/*
+		 * TODO use iconv to decode one char and obtain its chrlen
+		 * for now, let's treat encodings != UTF-8 as one-byte
+		 */
+		chrlen = 1;
+	}
+
+	*text += chrlen;
+	if (remainder_p)
+		*remainder_p -= chrlen;
+
+	return chrlen;
+}
diff --git a/utf8.h b/utf8.h
index 501b2bd..32a7bfb 100644
--- a/utf8.h
+++ b/utf8.h
@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
 
 typedef unsigned int ucs_char_t;  /* assuming 32bit int */
 
+size_t display_mode_esc_sequence_len(const char *s);
 int utf8_width(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p);
+int utf8_strnwidth(const char *string, int len, int skip_ansi);
 int utf8_strwidth(const char *string);
 int is_utf8(const char *text);
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name);
@@ -14,12 +16,29 @@ void strbuf_add_wrapped_text(struct strbuf *buf,
 		const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int width);
 void strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, int len,
 			     int indent, int indent2, int width);
+void strbuf_utf8_replace(struct strbuf *sb, int pos, int width,
+			 const char *subst);
 
 #ifndef NO_ICONV
-char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz, iconv_t conv);
-char *reencode_string(const char *in, const char *out_encoding, const char *in_encoding);
+char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz,
+			    iconv_t conv, int *outsz);
+char *reencode_string_len(const char *in, int insz,
+			  const char *out_encoding,
+			  const char *in_encoding,
+			  int *outsz);
 #else
-#define reencode_string(a,b,c) NULL
+#define reencode_string_len(a,b,c,d,e) NULL
 #endif
 
+static inline char *reencode_string(const char *in,
+				    const char *out_encoding,
+				    const char *in_encoding)
+{
+	return reencode_string_len(in, strlen(in),
+				   out_encoding, in_encoding,
+				   NULL);
+}
+
+int mbs_chrlen(const char **text, size_t *remainder_p, const char *encoding);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/wildmatch.c b/wildmatch.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7192bdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wildmatch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+/*
+**  Do shell-style pattern matching for ?, \, [], and * characters.
+**  It is 8bit clean.
+**
+**  Written by Rich $alz, mirror!rs, Wed Nov 26 19:03:17 EST 1986.
+**  Rich $alz is now <rsalz@bbn.com>.
+**
+**  Modified by Wayne Davison to special-case '/' matching, to make '**'
+**  work differently than '*', and to fix the character-class code.
+*/
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "wildmatch.h"
+
+typedef unsigned char uchar;
+
+/* What character marks an inverted character class? */
+#define NEGATE_CLASS	'!'
+#define NEGATE_CLASS2	'^'
+
+#define CC_EQ(class, len, litmatch) ((len) == sizeof (litmatch)-1 \
+				    && *(class) == *(litmatch) \
+				    && strncmp((char*)class, litmatch, len) == 0)
+
+#if defined STDC_HEADERS || !defined isascii
+# define ISASCII(c) 1
+#else
+# define ISASCII(c) isascii(c)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef isblank
+# define ISBLANK(c) (ISASCII(c) && isblank(c))
+#else
+# define ISBLANK(c) ((c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t')
+#endif
+
+#ifdef isgraph
+# define ISGRAPH(c) (ISASCII(c) && isgraph(c))
+#else
+# define ISGRAPH(c) (ISASCII(c) && isprint(c) && !isspace(c))
+#endif
+
+#define ISPRINT(c) (ISASCII(c) && isprint(c))
+#define ISDIGIT(c) (ISASCII(c) && isdigit(c))
+#define ISALNUM(c) (ISASCII(c) && isalnum(c))
+#define ISALPHA(c) (ISASCII(c) && isalpha(c))
+#define ISCNTRL(c) (ISASCII(c) && iscntrl(c))
+#define ISLOWER(c) (ISASCII(c) && islower(c))
+#define ISPUNCT(c) (ISASCII(c) && ispunct(c))
+#define ISSPACE(c) (ISASCII(c) && isspace(c))
+#define ISUPPER(c) (ISASCII(c) && isupper(c))
+#define ISXDIGIT(c) (ISASCII(c) && isxdigit(c))
+
+/* Match pattern "p" against "text" */
+static int dowild(const uchar *p, const uchar *text, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	uchar p_ch;
+	const uchar *pattern = p;
+
+	for ( ; (p_ch = *p) != '\0'; text++, p++) {
+		int matched, match_slash, negated;
+		uchar t_ch, prev_ch;
+		if ((t_ch = *text) == '\0' && p_ch != '*')
+			return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+		if ((flags & WM_CASEFOLD) && ISUPPER(t_ch))
+			t_ch = tolower(t_ch);
+		if ((flags & WM_CASEFOLD) && ISUPPER(p_ch))
+			p_ch = tolower(p_ch);
+		switch (p_ch) {
+		case '\\':
+			/* Literal match with following character.  Note that the test
+			 * in "default" handles the p[1] == '\0' failure case. */
+			p_ch = *++p;
+			/* FALLTHROUGH */
+		default:
+			if (t_ch != p_ch)
+				return WM_NOMATCH;
+			continue;
+		case '?':
+			/* Match anything but '/'. */
+			if ((flags & WM_PATHNAME) && t_ch == '/')
+				return WM_NOMATCH;
+			continue;
+		case '*':
+			if (*++p == '*') {
+				const uchar *prev_p = p - 2;
+				while (*++p == '*') {}
+				if (!(flags & WM_PATHNAME))
+					/* without WM_PATHNAME, '*' == '**' */
+					match_slash = 1;
+				else if ((prev_p < pattern || *prev_p == '/') &&
+				    (*p == '\0' || *p == '/' ||
+				     (p[0] == '\\' && p[1] == '/'))) {
+					/*
+					 * Assuming we already match 'foo/' and are at
+					 * <star star slash>, just assume it matches
+					 * nothing and go ahead match the rest of the
+					 * pattern with the remaining string. This
+					 * helps make foo/<*><*>/bar (<> because
+					 * otherwise it breaks C comment syntax) match
+					 * both foo/bar and foo/a/bar.
+					 */
+					if (p[0] == '/' &&
+					    dowild(p + 1, text, flags) == WM_MATCH)
+						return WM_MATCH;
+					match_slash = 1;
+				} else
+					return WM_ABORT_MALFORMED;
+			} else
+				/* without WM_PATHNAME, '*' == '**' */
+				match_slash = flags & WM_PATHNAME ? 0 : 1;
+			if (*p == '\0') {
+				/* Trailing "**" matches everything.  Trailing "*" matches
+				 * only if there are no more slash characters. */
+				if (!match_slash) {
+					if (strchr((char*)text, '/') != NULL)
+						return WM_NOMATCH;
+				}
+				return WM_MATCH;
+			} else if (!match_slash && *p == '/') {
+				/*
+				 * _one_ asterisk followed by a slash
+				 * with WM_PATHNAME matches the next
+				 * directory
+				 */
+				const char *slash = strchr((char*)text, '/');
+				if (!slash)
+					return WM_NOMATCH;
+				text = (const uchar*)slash;
+				/* the slash is consumed by the top-level for loop */
+				break;
+			}
+			while (1) {
+				if (t_ch == '\0')
+					break;
+				/*
+				 * Try to advance faster when an asterisk is
+				 * followed by a literal. We know in this case
+				 * that the the string before the literal
+				 * must belong to "*".
+				 * If match_slash is false, do not look past
+				 * the first slash as it cannot belong to '*'.
+				 */
+				if (!is_glob_special(*p)) {
+					p_ch = *p;
+					if ((flags & WM_CASEFOLD) && ISUPPER(p_ch))
+						p_ch = tolower(p_ch);
+					while ((t_ch = *text) != '\0' &&
+					       (match_slash || t_ch != '/')) {
+						if ((flags & WM_CASEFOLD) && ISUPPER(t_ch))
+							t_ch = tolower(t_ch);
+						if (t_ch == p_ch)
+							break;
+						text++;
+					}
+					if (t_ch != p_ch)
+						return WM_NOMATCH;
+				}
+				if ((matched = dowild(p, text, flags)) != WM_NOMATCH) {
+					if (!match_slash || matched != WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR)
+						return matched;
+				} else if (!match_slash && t_ch == '/')
+					return WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR;
+				t_ch = *++text;
+			}
+			return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+		case '[':
+			p_ch = *++p;
+#ifdef NEGATE_CLASS2
+			if (p_ch == NEGATE_CLASS2)
+				p_ch = NEGATE_CLASS;
+#endif
+			/* Assign literal 1/0 because of "matched" comparison. */
+			negated = p_ch == NEGATE_CLASS ? 1 : 0;
+			if (negated) {
+				/* Inverted character class. */
+				p_ch = *++p;
+			}
+			prev_ch = 0;
+			matched = 0;
+			do {
+				if (!p_ch)
+					return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+				if (p_ch == '\\') {
+					p_ch = *++p;
+					if (!p_ch)
+						return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+					if (t_ch == p_ch)
+						matched = 1;
+				} else if (p_ch == '-' && prev_ch && p[1] && p[1] != ']') {
+					p_ch = *++p;
+					if (p_ch == '\\') {
+						p_ch = *++p;
+						if (!p_ch)
+							return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+					}
+					if (t_ch <= p_ch && t_ch >= prev_ch)
+						matched = 1;
+					p_ch = 0; /* This makes "prev_ch" get set to 0. */
+				} else if (p_ch == '[' && p[1] == ':') {
+					const uchar *s;
+					int i;
+					for (s = p += 2; (p_ch = *p) && p_ch != ']'; p++) {} /*SHARED ITERATOR*/
+					if (!p_ch)
+						return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+					i = p - s - 1;
+					if (i < 0 || p[-1] != ':') {
+						/* Didn't find ":]", so treat like a normal set. */
+						p = s - 2;
+						p_ch = '[';
+						if (t_ch == p_ch)
+							matched = 1;
+						continue;
+					}
+					if (CC_EQ(s,i, "alnum")) {
+						if (ISALNUM(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "alpha")) {
+						if (ISALPHA(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "blank")) {
+						if (ISBLANK(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "cntrl")) {
+						if (ISCNTRL(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "digit")) {
+						if (ISDIGIT(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "graph")) {
+						if (ISGRAPH(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "lower")) {
+						if (ISLOWER(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "print")) {
+						if (ISPRINT(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "punct")) {
+						if (ISPUNCT(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "space")) {
+						if (ISSPACE(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "upper")) {
+						if (ISUPPER(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "xdigit")) {
+						if (ISXDIGIT(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else /* malformed [:class:] string */
+						return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+					p_ch = 0; /* This makes "prev_ch" get set to 0. */
+				} else if (t_ch == p_ch)
+					matched = 1;
+			} while (prev_ch = p_ch, (p_ch = *++p) != ']');
+			if (matched == negated ||
+			    ((flags & WM_PATHNAME) && t_ch == '/'))
+				return WM_NOMATCH;
+			continue;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return *text ? WM_NOMATCH : WM_MATCH;
+}
+
+/* Match the "pattern" against the "text" string. */
+int wildmatch(const char *pattern, const char *text,
+	      unsigned int flags, struct wildopts *wo)
+{
+	return dowild((const uchar*)pattern, (const uchar*)text, flags);
+}
diff --git a/wildmatch.h b/wildmatch.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4090c8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wildmatch.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#ifndef WILDMATCH_H
+#define WILDMATCH_H
+
+#define WM_CASEFOLD 1
+#define WM_PATHNAME 2
+
+#define WM_ABORT_MALFORMED 2
+#define WM_NOMATCH 1
+#define WM_MATCH 0
+#define WM_ABORT_ALL -1
+#define WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR -2
+
+struct wildopts;
+
+int wildmatch(const char *pattern, const char *text,
+	      unsigned int flags,
+	      struct wildopts *wo);
+#endif
diff --git a/write_or_die.c b/write_or_die.c
index 960f448..b50f99a 100644
--- a/write_or_die.c
+++ b/write_or_die.c
@@ -1,5 +1,15 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 
+static void check_pipe(int err)
+{
+	if (err == EPIPE) {
+		signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
+		raise(SIGPIPE);
+		/* Should never happen, but just in case... */
+		exit(141);
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * Some cases use stdio, but want to flush after the write
  * to get error handling (and to get better interactive
@@ -34,8 +44,7 @@ void maybe_flush_or_die(FILE *f, const char *desc)
 			return;
 	}
 	if (fflush(f)) {
-		if (errno == EPIPE)
-			exit(0);
+		check_pipe(errno);
 		die_errno("write failure on '%s'", desc);
 	}
 }
@@ -50,8 +59,7 @@ void fsync_or_die(int fd, const char *msg)
 void write_or_die(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
 {
 	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, count) < 0) {
-		if (errno == EPIPE)
-			exit(0);
+		check_pipe(errno);
 		die_errno("write error");
 	}
 }
@@ -59,8 +67,7 @@ void write_or_die(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
 int write_or_whine_pipe(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, const char *msg)
 {
 	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, count) < 0) {
-		if (errno == EPIPE)
-			exit(0);
+		check_pipe(errno);
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error (%s)\n",
 			msg, strerror(errno));
 		return 0;
diff --git a/wt-status.c b/wt-status.c
index d7cfe8f..bf84a86 100644
--- a/wt-status.c
+++ b/wt-status.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ static void status_vprintf(struct wt_status *s, int at_bol, const char *color,
 
 	strbuf_vaddf(&sb, fmt, ap);
 	if (!sb.len) {
-		strbuf_addch(&sb, '#');
+		strbuf_addch(&sb, comment_line_char);
 		if (!trail)
 			strbuf_addch(&sb, ' ');
 		color_print_strbuf(s->fp, color, &sb);
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ static void status_vprintf(struct wt_status *s, int at_bol, const char *color,
 
 		strbuf_reset(&linebuf);
 		if (at_bol) {
-			strbuf_addch(&linebuf, '#');
+			strbuf_addch(&linebuf, comment_line_char);
 			if (*line != '\n' && *line != '\t')
 				strbuf_addch(&linebuf, ' ');
 		}
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ static void wt_status_print_change_data(struct wt_status *s,
 {
 	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
 	const char *c = color(change_type, s);
-	int status = status;
+	int status;
 	char *one_name;
 	char *two_name;
 	const char *one, *two;
@@ -292,6 +292,9 @@ static void wt_status_print_change_data(struct wt_status *s,
 		}
 		status = d->worktree_status;
 		break;
+	default:
+		die("BUG: unhandled change_type %d in wt_status_print_change_data",
+		    change_type);
 	}
 
 	one = quote_path(one_name, -1, &onebuf, s->prefix);
@@ -496,16 +499,24 @@ static void wt_status_collect_untracked(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct dir_struct dir;
+	struct timeval t_begin;
 
 	if (!s->show_untracked_files)
 		return;
+
+	if (advice_status_u_option)
+		gettimeofday(&t_begin, NULL);
+
 	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
 	if (s->show_untracked_files != SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES)
 		dir.flags |=
 			DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES | DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES;
+	if (s->show_ignored_files)
+		dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO;
 	setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
 
 	fill_directory(&dir, s->pathspec);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
 		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
 		if (cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len) &&
@@ -514,22 +525,25 @@ static void wt_status_collect_untracked(struct wt_status *s)
 		free(ent);
 	}
 
-	if (s->show_ignored_files) {
-		dir.nr = 0;
-		dir.flags = DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
-		if (s->show_untracked_files != SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES)
-			dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES;
-		fill_directory(&dir, s->pathspec);
-		for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
-			struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
-			if (cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len) &&
-			    match_pathspec(s->pathspec, ent->name, ent->len, 0, NULL))
-				string_list_insert(&s->ignored, ent->name);
-			free(ent);
-		}
+	for (i = 0; i < dir.ignored_nr; i++) {
+		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.ignored[i];
+		if (cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len) &&
+		    match_pathspec(s->pathspec, ent->name, ent->len, 0, NULL))
+			string_list_insert(&s->ignored, ent->name);
+		free(ent);
 	}
 
 	free(dir.entries);
+	free(dir.ignored);
+	clear_directory(&dir);
+
+	if (advice_status_u_option) {
+		struct timeval t_end;
+		gettimeofday(&t_end, NULL);
+		s->untracked_in_ms =
+			(uint64_t)t_end.tv_sec * 1000 + t_end.tv_usec / 1000 -
+			((uint64_t)t_begin.tv_sec * 1000 + t_begin.tv_usec / 1000);
+	}
 }
 
 void wt_status_collect(struct wt_status *s)
@@ -762,8 +776,10 @@ static void wt_status_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
 
 	for (cp = sb.buf; (ep = strchr(cp, '\n')) != NULL; cp = ep + 1)
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s),
-				 "# %.*s", (int)(ep - cp), cp);
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
+				 "%c %.*s", comment_line_char,
+				 (int)(ep - cp), cp);
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "%c",
+			 comment_line_char);
 }
 
 static int has_unmerged(struct wt_status *s)
@@ -872,7 +888,14 @@ static void show_rebase_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 	struct stat st;
 
 	if (has_unmerged(s)) {
-		status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently rebasing."));
+		if (state->branch)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					 _("You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."),
+					 state->branch,
+					 state->onto);
+		else
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					 _("You are currently rebasing."));
 		if (advice_status_hints) {
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
 				_("  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"));
@@ -882,17 +905,38 @@ static void show_rebase_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 				_("  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"));
 		}
 	} else if (state->rebase_in_progress || !stat(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), &st)) {
-		status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently rebasing."));
+		if (state->branch)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					 _("You are currently rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."),
+					 state->branch,
+					 state->onto);
+		else
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					 _("You are currently rebasing."));
 		if (advice_status_hints)
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
 				_("  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"));
 	} else if (split_commit_in_progress(s)) {
-		status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."));
+		if (state->branch)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					 _("You are currently splitting a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."),
+					 state->branch,
+					 state->onto);
+		else
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					 _("You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."));
 		if (advice_status_hints)
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
 				_("  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"));
 	} else {
-		status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."));
+		if (state->branch)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					 _("You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch '%s' on '%s'."),
+					 state->branch,
+					 state->onto);
+		else
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+					 _("You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."));
 		if (advice_status_hints && !s->amend) {
 			status_printf_ln(s, color,
 				_("  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"));
@@ -919,62 +963,211 @@ static void show_cherry_pick_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
+static void show_revert_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
+					struct wt_status_state *state,
+					const char *color)
+{
+	status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently reverting commit %s."),
+			 find_unique_abbrev(state->revert_head_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	if (advice_status_hints) {
+		if (has_unmerged(s))
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (fix conflicts and run \"git revert --continue\")"));
+		else
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git revert --continue\")"));
+		status_printf_ln(s, color,
+			_("  (use \"git revert --abort\" to cancel the revert operation)"));
+	}
+	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+}
+
 static void show_bisect_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
 				struct wt_status_state *state,
 				const char *color)
 {
-	status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently bisecting."));
+	if (state->branch)
+		status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				 _("You are currently bisecting, started from branch '%s'."),
+				 state->branch);
+	else
+		status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				 _("You are currently bisecting."));
 	if (advice_status_hints)
 		status_printf_ln(s, color,
 			_("  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"));
 	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_state(struct wt_status *s)
+/*
+ * Extract branch information from rebase/bisect
+ */
+static char *read_and_strip_branch(const char *path)
 {
-	const char *state_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
-	struct wt_status_state state;
-	struct stat st;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("%s", path), 0) <= 0)
+		goto got_nothing;
+
+	while (&sb.len && sb.buf[sb.len - 1] == '\n')
+		strbuf_setlen(&sb, sb.len - 1);
+	if (!sb.len)
+		goto got_nothing;
+	if (!prefixcmp(sb.buf, "refs/heads/"))
+		strbuf_remove(&sb,0, strlen("refs/heads/"));
+	else if (!prefixcmp(sb.buf, "refs/"))
+		;
+	else if (!get_sha1_hex(sb.buf, sha1)) {
+		const char *abbrev;
+		abbrev = find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, abbrev);
+	} else if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "detached HEAD")) /* rebase */
+		goto got_nothing;
+	else			/* bisect */
+		;
+	return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+
+got_nothing:
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+struct grab_1st_switch_cbdata {
+	int found;
+	struct strbuf buf;
+	unsigned char nsha1[20];
+};
+
+static int grab_1st_switch(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
+			   const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+			   const char *message, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct grab_1st_switch_cbdata *cb = cb_data;
+	const char *target = NULL, *end;
+
+	if (prefixcmp(message, "checkout: moving from "))
+		return 0;
+	message += strlen("checkout: moving from ");
+	target = strstr(message, " to ");
+	if (!target)
+		return 0;
+	target += strlen(" to ");
+	strbuf_reset(&cb->buf);
+	hashcpy(cb->nsha1, nsha1);
+	for (end = target; *end && *end != '\n'; end++)
+		;
+	strbuf_add(&cb->buf, target, end - target);
+	cb->found = 1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void wt_status_get_detached_from(struct wt_status_state *state)
+{
+	struct grab_1st_switch_cbdata cb;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char *ref = NULL;
+
+	strbuf_init(&cb.buf, 0);
+	if (for_each_reflog_ent_reverse("HEAD", grab_1st_switch, &cb) <= 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&cb.buf);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (dwim_ref(cb.buf.buf, cb.buf.len, sha1, &ref) == 1 &&
+	    /* sha1 is a commit? match without further lookup */
+	    (!hashcmp(cb.nsha1, sha1) ||
+	     /* perhaps sha1 is a tag, try to dereference to a commit */
+	     ((commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1)) != NULL &&
+	      !hashcmp(cb.nsha1, commit->object.sha1)))) {
+		int ofs;
+		if (!prefixcmp(ref, "refs/tags/"))
+			ofs = strlen("refs/tags/");
+		else if (!prefixcmp(ref, "refs/remotes/"))
+			ofs = strlen("refs/remotes/");
+		else
+			ofs = 0;
+		state->detached_from = xstrdup(ref + ofs);
+	} else
+		state->detached_from =
+			xstrdup(find_unique_abbrev(cb.nsha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	hashcpy(state->detached_sha1, cb.nsha1);
+
+	free(ref);
+	strbuf_release(&cb.buf);
+}
+
+void wt_status_get_state(struct wt_status_state *state,
+			 int get_detached_from)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 	if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), &st)) {
-		state.merge_in_progress = 1;
+		state->merge_in_progress = 1;
 	} else if (!stat(git_path("rebase-apply"), &st)) {
 		if (!stat(git_path("rebase-apply/applying"), &st)) {
-			state.am_in_progress = 1;
+			state->am_in_progress = 1;
 			if (!stat(git_path("rebase-apply/patch"), &st) && !st.st_size)
-				state.am_empty_patch = 1;
+				state->am_empty_patch = 1;
 		} else {
-			state.rebase_in_progress = 1;
+			state->rebase_in_progress = 1;
+			state->branch = read_and_strip_branch("rebase-apply/head-name");
+			state->onto = read_and_strip_branch("rebase-apply/onto");
 		}
 	} else if (!stat(git_path("rebase-merge"), &st)) {
 		if (!stat(git_path("rebase-merge/interactive"), &st))
-			state.rebase_interactive_in_progress = 1;
+			state->rebase_interactive_in_progress = 1;
 		else
-			state.rebase_in_progress = 1;
+			state->rebase_in_progress = 1;
+		state->branch = read_and_strip_branch("rebase-merge/head-name");
+		state->onto = read_and_strip_branch("rebase-merge/onto");
 	} else if (!stat(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"), &st)) {
-		state.cherry_pick_in_progress = 1;
+		state->cherry_pick_in_progress = 1;
+	}
+	if (!stat(git_path("BISECT_LOG"), &st)) {
+		state->bisect_in_progress = 1;
+		state->branch = read_and_strip_branch("BISECT_START");
 	}
-	if (!stat(git_path("BISECT_LOG"), &st))
-		state.bisect_in_progress = 1;
-
-	if (state.merge_in_progress)
-		show_merge_in_progress(s, &state, state_color);
-	else if (state.am_in_progress)
-		show_am_in_progress(s, &state, state_color);
-	else if (state.rebase_in_progress || state.rebase_interactive_in_progress)
-		show_rebase_in_progress(s, &state, state_color);
-	else if (state.cherry_pick_in_progress)
-		show_cherry_pick_in_progress(s, &state, state_color);
-	if (state.bisect_in_progress)
-		show_bisect_in_progress(s, &state, state_color);
+	if (!stat(git_path("REVERT_HEAD"), &st) &&
+	    !get_sha1("REVERT_HEAD", sha1)) {
+		state->revert_in_progress = 1;
+		hashcpy(state->revert_head_sha1, sha1);
+	}
+
+	if (get_detached_from)
+		wt_status_get_detached_from(state);
+}
+
+static void wt_status_print_state(struct wt_status *s,
+				  struct wt_status_state *state)
+{
+	const char *state_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
+	if (state->merge_in_progress)
+		show_merge_in_progress(s, state, state_color);
+	else if (state->am_in_progress)
+		show_am_in_progress(s, state, state_color);
+	else if (state->rebase_in_progress || state->rebase_interactive_in_progress)
+		show_rebase_in_progress(s, state, state_color);
+	else if (state->cherry_pick_in_progress)
+		show_cherry_pick_in_progress(s, state, state_color);
+	else if (state->revert_in_progress)
+		show_revert_in_progress(s, state, state_color);
+	if (state->bisect_in_progress)
+		show_bisect_in_progress(s, state, state_color);
 }
 
 void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	const char *branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_ONBRANCH, s);
 	const char *branch_status_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
+	struct wt_status_state state;
+
+	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+	wt_status_get_state(&state,
+			    s->branch && !strcmp(s->branch, "HEAD"));
 
 	if (s->branch) {
 		const char *on_what = _("On branch ");
@@ -982,9 +1175,19 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 		if (!prefixcmp(branch_name, "refs/heads/"))
 			branch_name += 11;
 		else if (!strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
-			branch_name = "";
 			branch_status_color = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH, s);
-			on_what = _("Not currently on any branch.");
+			if (state.detached_from) {
+				unsigned char sha1[20];
+				branch_name = state.detached_from;
+				if (!get_sha1("HEAD", sha1) &&
+				    !hashcmp(sha1, state.detached_sha1))
+					on_what = _("HEAD detached at ");
+				else
+					on_what = _("HEAD detached from ");
+			} else {
+				branch_name = "";
+				on_what = _("Not currently on any branch.");
+			}
 		}
 		status_printf(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "");
 		status_printf_more(s, branch_status_color, "%s", on_what);
@@ -993,7 +1196,11 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 			wt_status_print_tracking(s);
 	}
 
-	wt_status_print_state(s);
+	wt_status_print_state(s, &state);
+	free(state.branch);
+	free(state.onto);
+	free(state.detached_from);
+
 	if (s->is_initial) {
 		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "");
 		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), _("Initial commit"));
@@ -1013,6 +1220,14 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 		wt_status_print_other(s, &s->untracked, _("Untracked files"), "add");
 		if (s->show_ignored_files)
 			wt_status_print_other(s, &s->ignored, _("Ignored files"), "add -f");
+		if (advice_status_u_option && 2000 < s->untracked_in_ms) {
+			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, "");
+			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+					 _("It took %.2f seconds to enumerate untracked files. 'status -uno'\n"
+					   "may speed it up, but you have to be careful not to forget to add\n"
+					   "new files yourself (see 'git help status')."),
+					 s->untracked_in_ms / 1000.0);
+		}
 	} else if (s->commitable)
 		status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, _("Untracked files not listed%s"),
 			advice_status_hints
diff --git a/wt-status.h b/wt-status.h
index 236b41f..4121bc2 100644
--- a/wt-status.h
+++ b/wt-status.h
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ struct wt_status {
 	struct string_list change;
 	struct string_list untracked;
 	struct string_list ignored;
+	uint32_t untracked_in_ms;
 };
 
 struct wt_status_state {
@@ -79,11 +80,18 @@ struct wt_status_state {
 	int rebase_interactive_in_progress;
 	int cherry_pick_in_progress;
 	int bisect_in_progress;
+	int revert_in_progress;
+	char *branch;
+	char *onto;
+	char *detached_from;
+	unsigned char detached_sha1[20];
+	unsigned char revert_head_sha1[20];
 };
 
 void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s);
 void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s);
 void wt_status_collect(struct wt_status *s);
+void wt_status_get_state(struct wt_status_state *state, int get_detached_from);
 
 void wt_shortstatus_print(struct wt_status *s);
 void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s);
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiffi.c b/xdiff/xdiffi.c
index 1b7012a..b2eb6db 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiffi.c
+++ b/xdiff/xdiffi.c
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ int xdl_change_compact(xdfile_t *xdf, xdfile_t *xdfo, long flags) {
 
 		/*
 		 * Try to move back the possibly merged group of changes, to match
-		 * the recorded postion in the other file.
+		 * the recorded position in the other file.
 		 */
 		while (ixref < ix) {
 			rchg[--ixs] = 1;
diff --git a/xdiff/xhistogram.c b/xdiff/xhistogram.c
index bf99787..73210cb 100644
--- a/xdiff/xhistogram.c
+++ b/xdiff/xhistogram.c
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ struct histindex {
 	struct record {
 		unsigned int ptr, cnt;
 		struct record *next;
-	} **records, /* an ocurrence */
+	} **records, /* an occurrence */
 	  **line_map; /* map of line to record chain */
 	chastore_t rcha;
 	unsigned int *next_ptrs;
diff --git a/zlib.c b/zlib.c
index 2b2c0c7..61e6df0 100644
--- a/zlib.c
+++ b/zlib.c
@@ -168,13 +168,8 @@ void git_deflate_init(git_zstream *strm, int level)
 	    strm->z.msg ? strm->z.msg : "no message");
 }
 
-void git_deflate_init_gzip(git_zstream *strm, int level)
+static void do_git_deflate_init(git_zstream *strm, int level, int windowBits)
 {
-	/*
-	 * Use default 15 bits, +16 is to generate gzip header/trailer
-	 * instead of the zlib wrapper.
-	 */
-	const int windowBits = 15 + 16;
 	int status;
 
 	zlib_pre_call(strm);
@@ -188,6 +183,24 @@ void git_deflate_init_gzip(git_zstream *strm, int level)
 	    strm->z.msg ? strm->z.msg : "no message");
 }
 
+void git_deflate_init_gzip(git_zstream *strm, int level)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Use default 15 bits, +16 is to generate gzip header/trailer
+	 * instead of the zlib wrapper.
+	 */
+	do_git_deflate_init(strm, level, 15 + 16);
+}
+
+void git_deflate_init_raw(git_zstream *strm, int level)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Use default 15 bits, negate the value to get raw compressed
+	 * data without zlib header and trailer.
+	 */
+	do_git_deflate_init(strm, level, -15);
+}
+
 int git_deflate_abort(git_zstream *strm)
 {
 	int status;